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English complete (but needs more testing)

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aarne
2005-01-18 16:16:29 +00:00
parent 922dcce2b8
commit 027539d4e2
10 changed files with 464 additions and 79 deletions
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156
lib/resource/english/SyntaxEng.gf
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@@ -192,6 +192,13 @@ oper
p = P3
} ;
-- Moreover, superlatives can be used alone as adjectival phrases
-- ("the youngest" - in free variation).
superlAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \big ->
{s = \\a => "the" ++ big.s ! Sup ! a ;
p = True
} ;
--3 Two-place adjectives
--
@@ -298,10 +305,12 @@ oper
Tense = Present | Past ;
Anteriority = Simul | Anter ;
Order = Direct | Indirect ;
VPForm =
VIndic Tense Anteriority Number Person
| VFut Anteriority
| VCondit Anteriority
| VQuest Tense Number Person --- needed for "do" inversions
| VImperat
| VInfinit Anteriority
;
@@ -324,6 +333,11 @@ oper
<Present,_,_> => "have" ;
<Past,_,_> => "had"
} ;
do : Tense -> Number -> Person -> Str = \t,n,p -> case <t,n,p> of {
<Present,Sg,P3> => "does" ;
<Present,_,_> => "do" ;
<Past,_,_> => "did"
} ;
simple : VForm -> {fin,inf : Str} = \v -> {
fin = goes.s ! v ;
inf = []
@@ -337,6 +351,7 @@ oper
in case sf of {
VIndic t Simul n p => simple (tense t n p) ;
VIndic t Anter n p => compound (have t n p) gone ;
VQuest t n p => compound (do Present n p) go ;
VFut Simul => compound "will" go ;
VFut Anter => compound "will" ("have" ++ gone) ;
VCondit Simul => compound "would" go ;
@@ -381,11 +396,16 @@ oper
has : VPForm => Str = \\f => (go f).fin ;
gone : VPForm => Str = \\f => (go f).inf
in {
s = \\_ => has ;
s2 = table {
True => gone ;
False => \\vf => "not" ++ gone ! vf
s = \\b =>
table {
VQuest t n p => has ! VIndic t Simul n p ; --- undo "do" inversion
vf => has ! vf
} ;
s2 = \\b => let not = if_then_Str b [] "not" in
table {
VQuest t n p => not ++ gone ! VIndic t Simul n p ;
vf => not ++ gone ! vf
} ;
s3 = arg ;
isAux = True
} ;
@@ -452,7 +472,7 @@ oper
predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \john ->
beGroup (\\_ => john.s ! NomP) ;
predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \elsewhere ->
predAdverb : PrepPhrase -> VerbGroup = \elsewhere ->
beGroup (\\_ => elsewhere.s) ;
@@ -561,13 +581,15 @@ oper
locativeNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Adverb =
prepPhrase "in" ;
-- This is a source of the "mann with a telescope" ambiguity, and may produce
PrepPhrase = SS ;
-- This is a source of the "man with a telescope" ambiguity, and may produce
-- strange things, like "cars always" (while "cars today" is OK).
-- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials.
--
-- N.B. the genitive case created in this way would not make sense.
advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \car,today ->
advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> PrepPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \car,today ->
{s = \\n => table {
Nom => car.s ! n ! Nom ++ today.s ;
Gen => nonExist
@@ -601,31 +623,39 @@ oper
param
ClForm =
ClIndic Tense Anteriority
| ClFut Anteriority
| ClCondit Anteriority
ClIndic Order Tense Anteriority
| ClFut Order Anteriority
| ClCondit Order Anteriority
| ClInfinit Anteriority -- "naked infinitive" clauses
;
oper
cl2s : ClForm -> Number -> Person -> VPForm = \c,n,p -> case c of {
ClIndic t a => VIndic t a n p ;
ClFut a => VFut a ;
ClCondit a => VCondit a ;
ClInfinit a => VInfinit a
cl2s : ClForm -> Number -> Person -> {form : VPForm ; order : Order} = \c,n,p -> case c of {
ClIndic Indirect t Simul => {form = VQuest t n p ; order = Indirect} ;
ClIndic o t a => {form = VIndic t a n p ; order = o} ;
ClFut o a => {form = VFut a ; order = o} ;
ClCondit o a => {form = VCondit a ; order = o} ;
ClInfinit a => {form = VInfinit a ; order = Direct} --- order does not matter
} ;
Clause = {s : Bool => ClForm => Str} ;
predVerbGroupClause : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup -> Clause =
\you,sleep -> {
\yo,sleep -> {
s = \\b,c =>
let
n = you.n ;
cf = cl2s c n you.p
n = yo.n ;
cfo = cl2s c n yo.p ;
cf = cfo.form ;
o = cfo.order ;
you = yo.s ! NomP ;
do = sleep.s ! b ! cf ;
sleeps = sleep.s2 ! b ! cf ++ sleep.s3 ! n
in
you.s ! NomP ++ sleep.s ! b ! cf ++ sleep.s2 ! b ! cf ++
sleep.s3 ! n
case o of {
Direct => you ++ do ++ sleeps ;
Indirect => do ++ you ++ sleeps
}
} ;
--3 Sentence-complement verbs
@@ -685,7 +715,7 @@ oper
vvCan : VerbVerb = mkVerbAux ["be able to"] "can" "could" ["been able to"] ;
vvMust : VerbVerb = mkVerbAux ["have to"] "must" ["had to"] ["had to"] ;
}{- -----
--2 Sentences missing noun phrases
--
-- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his
@@ -700,25 +730,26 @@ oper
--
-- The particle always follows the verb, but the preposition can fly:
-- "whom you make it up with" / "with whom you make it up".
--- We reduce the current case to a more general one that has tense variation.
--- TODO: full tense variation on top level.
SentenceSlashNounPhrase = {s : Bool => Str ; s2 : Preposition} ;
SentenceSlashNounPhrase = {s : Order => Str ; s2 : Preposition} ;
ClauseSlashNounPhrase = Clause ** {s2 : Preposition} ;
slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase =
\b,You,lookat ->
let {you = You.s ! NomP ;
looks = indicVerb {s = lookat.s} You.p You.n ;
look = lookat.s ! InfImp ;
do = indicVerb verbP3Do You.p You.n ;
dont = contractNot do ;
up = lookat.s1
} in
{s = table {
True => if_then_else Str b do dont ++ you ++ look ++ up ;
False => you ++ if_then_else Str b looks (dont ++ look) ++ up
} ;
s2 = lookat.s3
} ;
\pol,You,lookat ->
let
youlookat = slashTransVerbCl You lookat
in {
s = \\o => youlookat.s ! pol ! ClIndic o Present Simul ;
s2 = youlookat.s2
} ;
slashTransVerbCl : NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> ClauseSlashNounPhrase =
\you,lookat ->
predVerbGroupClause you (predVerb lookat) ** {s2 = lookat.s3} ;
--- TODO: "there is" with tense variation.
thereIs : NounPhrase -> Sentence = \abar ->
predVerbPhrase
@@ -729,6 +760,7 @@ oper
(predVerbGroup True (predNounPhrase abar)) ;
--2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses
--
-- As described in $types.Eng.gf$, relative pronouns are inflected in
@@ -744,19 +776,24 @@ oper
mother.s2 ++ which.s ! g ! n ! GenSP
} ;
-- An auxiliary that allows the use of predication with relative pronouns.
relNounPhrase : RelPron -> Gender -> Number -> NounPhrase = \who,g,n ->
{s = who.s ! g ! n ; n = n ; p = P3} ;
-- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("who walks") and
-- slash expressions ("whom you see", "on which you sit" / "that you sit on").
RelClause : Type = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ;
relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \who,walks ->
{s = \\g, n => who.s ! g ! n ! NomP ++
indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walks) P3 n ++ walks.s2 ! n
} ;
{s = \\g,n => (predVerbPhrase (relNounPhrase who g n) walks).s} ;
--- TODO: full tense variation in relative clauses.
relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \who,yousee ->
{s = \\g,n =>
let {youSee = yousee.s ! False} in
let {youSee = yousee.s ! Direct} in
variants {
who.s ! g ! n ! AccP ++ youSee ++ yousee.s2 ;
yousee.s2 ++ who.s ! g ! n ! GenSP ++ youSee
@@ -778,7 +815,6 @@ oper
g = man.g
} ;
--2 Interrogative pronouns
--
-- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are
@@ -850,6 +886,8 @@ param
oper
Question = SS1 QuestForm ;
--- TODO: questions in all tenses.
--3 Yes-no questions
--
-- Yes-no questions are used both independently
@@ -865,15 +903,17 @@ oper
questVerbPhrase' False ;
questVerbPhrase' : Bool -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question =
\adv,john,walk ->
\adv,John,walk ->
let
john = John.s ! NomP
in
{s = table {
DirQ => if_then_else Str walk.isAux
(indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walk) john.p john.n ++
john.s ! NomP ++ walk.s2 ! john.n)
(indicVerb verbP3Do john.p john.n ++
john.s ! NomP ++ walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s2 ! john.n) ;
DirQ => walk.s ! VQuest Present John.n John.p ++
john ++
walk.s2 ! VQuest Present John.n John.p ++
walk.s3 ! John.n ;
IndirQ => if_then_else Str adv [] (variants {"if" ; "whether"}) ++
(predVerbPhrase john walk).s
(predVerbPhrase John walk).s
}
} ;
@@ -885,22 +925,20 @@ oper
})
(predVerbGroup True (predNounPhrase abar)) ;
--3 Wh-questions
--
-- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences,
-- others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences.
intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \who,walk ->
{s = \\_ => who.s ! NomP ++ indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walk) P3 who.n ++
walk.s2 ! who.n
{s = \\_ => who.s ! NomP ++ presentIndicative walk who.n P3
} ;
intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \who,yousee ->
{s = \\q =>
let {youSee = case q of {
DirQ => yousee.s ! True ;
IndirQ => yousee.s ! False
DirQ => yousee.s ! Indirect ;
IndirQ => yousee.s ! Direct
}
} in
variants {
@@ -909,9 +947,9 @@ oper
}
} ;
--3 Interrogative adverbials
--3 Interrogative adverbs
--
-- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include
-- These adverbs will be defined in the lexicon: they include
-- "when", "where", "how", "why", etc, which are all invariant one-word
-- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions
-- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed
@@ -929,7 +967,6 @@ oper
\why, you, walk ->
{s = \\q => why.s ++ (questVerbPhrase' True you walk).s ! q} ;
--2 Imperatives
--
-- We only consider second-person imperatives.
@@ -937,14 +974,14 @@ oper
Imperative = SS1 Number ;
imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \walk ->
{s = \\n => walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s2 ! n} ;
{s = \\n => walk.s ! VImperat ++ walk.s2 ! VImperat ++ walk.s3 ! n} ;
imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I ->
ss (I.s ! n ++ "!") ;
--2 Sentence adverbials
--2 Sentence adverbs
--
-- This class covers adverbials such as "otherwise", "therefore", which are prefixed
-- This class covers adverbs such as "otherwise", "therefore", which are prefixed
-- to a sentence to form a phrase.
advSentence : SS -> Sentence -> Utterance = \hence,itiseven ->
@@ -1119,4 +1156,3 @@ oper
x ;
} ;
-}