diff --git a/lib/src/abstract/Verb.gf b/lib/src/abstract/Verb.gf
index 857e47c29..17d41fb75 100644
--- a/lib/src/abstract/Verb.gf
+++ b/lib/src/abstract/Verb.gf
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ abstract Verb = Cat ** {
     AdvVPSlash : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash ;  -- use (it) here
     AdVVPSlash : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;  -- always use (it)
    
+    VPSlashPrep : VP -> Prep -> VPSlash ;  -- live in (it)
+
 
 -- *Agents of passives* are constructed as adverbs with the
 -- preposition [Structural Structural.html]$.8agent_Prep$.
diff --git a/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf b/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
index 98838aac2..24ead9c01 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ concrete CatEng of Cat = CommonX - [Pol] ** open ResEng, Prelude in {
 -- Verb
 
     VP = ResEng.VP ;
-    VPSlash = ResEng.VP ** {c2 : Str} ;
+    VPSlash = ResEng.SlashVP ;
     Comp = {s : Agr => Str} ; 
 
 -- Adjective
diff --git a/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf b/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
index ff6ec2ceb..000a77078 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
     } ;
 
 
-  SlashVP = VP ** {c2 : Str} ;
+  SlashVP = VP ** {c2 : Str ; gapInMiddle : Bool} ;
 
   predVc : (Verb ** {c2 : Str}) -> SlashVP = \verb -> 
-    predV verb ** {c2 = verb.c2} ;
+    predV verb ** {c2 = verb.c2 ; gapInMiddle = True} ;
 
   predV : Verb -> VP = \verb -> {
     s = \\t,ant,b,ord,agr => 
@@ -338,7 +338,7 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
     } ;
 
   insertObjc : (Agr => Str) -> SlashVP -> SlashVP = \obj,vp -> 
-    insertObj obj vp ** {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+    insertObj obj vp ** {c2 = vp.c2 ; gapInMiddle = vp.gapInMiddle} ;
 
 --- The adverb should be before the finite verb.
 
diff --git a/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf b/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
index 7d9addfe8..03fce9679 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
+concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng, Prelude in {
 
   flags optimize=all_subs ;
 
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
 
     SlashV2a v = predVc v ;
     Slash2V3 v np = 
-      insertObjc (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) (predV v ** {c2 = v.c3}) ;
+      insertObjc (\\_ => v.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) (predV v ** {c2 = v.c3 ; gapInMiddle = False}) ;
     Slash3V3 v np = 
       insertObjc (\\_ => v.c3 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) (predVc v) ; ----
 
@@ -21,23 +21,26 @@ concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
     SlashV2Q v q  = insertObjc (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) (predVc v) ;
     SlashV2A v ap = insertObjc (\\a => ap.s ! a) (predVc v) ; ----
 
-    ComplSlash vp np = insertObjPre (\\_ => vp.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) vp ;
+    ComplSlash vp np = case vp.gapInMiddle of {
+      True  => insertObjPre (\\_ => vp.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) vp ;
+      False => insertObj    (\\_ => vp.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) vp
+      } ;
 
     SlashVV vv vp = 
       insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.typ vp Simul CPos a) (predVV vv) **
-        {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+        {c2 = vp.c2 ; gapInMiddle = vp.gapInMiddle} ;
     SlashV2VNP vv np vp = 
       insertObjPre (\\_ => vv.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc)
         (insertObjc (\\a => vv.c3 ++ infVP vv.typ vp Simul CPos a) (predVc vv)) **
-          {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+          {c2 = vp.c2 ; gapInMiddle = vp.gapInMiddle} ;
 
     UseComp comp = insertObj comp.s (predAux auxBe) ;
 
     AdvVP vp adv = insertObj (\\_ => adv.s) vp ;
     AdVVP adv vp = insertAdV adv.s vp ;
 
-    AdvVPSlash vp adv = insertObj (\\_ => adv.s) vp ** {c2 = vp.c2} ;
-    AdVVPSlash adv vp = insertAdV adv.s vp ** {c2 = vp.c2} ;
+    AdvVPSlash vp adv = insertObj (\\_ => adv.s) vp ** {c2 = vp.c2 ; gapInMiddle = vp.gapInMiddle} ;
+    AdVVPSlash adv vp = insertAdV adv.s vp ** {c2 = vp.c2 ; gapInMiddle = vp.gapInMiddle} ;
 
     ReflVP v = insertObjPre (\\a => v.c2 ++ reflPron ! a) v ;
 
@@ -56,4 +59,6 @@ concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
 
     UseCopula = predAux auxBe ;
 
+    VPSlashPrep vp p = vp ** {c2 = p.s ; gapInMiddle = False} ;
+
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/german/VerbGer.gf b/lib/src/german/VerbGer.gf
index 81ca154da..fc316b944 100644
--- a/lib/src/german/VerbGer.gf
+++ b/lib/src/german/VerbGer.gf
@@ -85,5 +85,6 @@ concrete VerbGer of Verb = CatGer ** open Prelude, ResGer, Coordination in {
 
     PassV2 v = insertInf (v.s ! VPastPart APred) (predV werdenPass) ;
 
+    VPSlashPrep vp prep = vp ** {c2 = prep} ;
 
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/scandinavian/VerbScand.gf b/lib/src/scandinavian/VerbScand.gf
index 1f087548d..0fee4dd10 100644
--- a/lib/src/scandinavian/VerbScand.gf
+++ b/lib/src/scandinavian/VerbScand.gf
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-incomplete concrete VerbScand of Verb = CatScand ** open CommonScand, ResScand in {
+incomplete concrete VerbScand of Verb = CatScand ** open CommonScand, ResScand, Prelude in {
 
   flags optimize=all_subs ;
 
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ incomplete concrete VerbScand of Verb = CatScand ** open CommonScand, ResScand i
       } ; 
 
     ComplSlash vp np = 
-       insertObj 
+       insertObjPost 
          (\\_ => vp.c2.s ++ np.s ! accusative ++ vp.n3 ! np.a) vp ;
 
     SlashVV v vp = 
@@ -61,6 +61,8 @@ incomplete concrete VerbScand of Verb = CatScand ** open CommonScand, ResScand i
 
     ReflVP vp = insertObj (\\a => vp.c2.s ++ reflPron a ++ vp.n3 ! a) vp ;
 
+    VPSlashPrep vp prep = vp ** {n3 = \\_ => [] ; c2 = {s = prep.s ; hasPrep = True}} ;
+
     PassV2 v = 
       insertObj 
         (\\a => v.s ! VI (VPtPret (agrAdjNP a DIndef) Nom))