diff --git a/lib/resource/english/ExtraEng.gf b/lib/resource/english/ExtraEng.gf
index ab7682a9b..a8904ec8e 100644
--- a/lib/resource/english/ExtraEng.gf
+++ b/lib/resource/english/ExtraEng.gf
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ concrete ExtraEng of ExtraEngAbs = CatEng **
     ConsVPI = consrTable2 VPIForm Agr comma ;
 
     MkVPI vp = {
-      s = \\v,a => vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a
+      s = \\v,a => vp.ad ++ vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a
       } ;
     ConjVPI = conjunctTable2 VPIForm Agr ;
     ComplVPIVV vv vpi = 
diff --git a/lib/resource/english/IdiomEng.gf b/lib/resource/english/IdiomEng.gf
index da889ded4..35ef4ba46 100644
--- a/lib/resource/english/IdiomEng.gf
+++ b/lib/resource/english/IdiomEng.gf
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ concrete IdiomEng of Idiom = CatEng ** open Prelude, ResEng in {
       mkQuestion (ss (ip.s ! Nom)) 
         (mkClause "there" (agrP3 ip.n) (predAux auxBe)) ;
 
-    ProgrVP vp = insertObj (\\a => vp.prp ++ vp.s2 ! a) (predAux auxBe) ;
+    ProgrVP vp = insertObj (\\a => vp.ad ++ vp.prp ++ vp.s2 ! a) (predAux auxBe) ;
 
     ImpPl1 vp = {s = "let's" ++ infVP True vp {n = Pl ; p = P1}} ;
 
diff --git a/lib/resource/english/ResEng.gf b/lib/resource/english/ResEng.gf
index 2ca221f9d..b2e1fdbc7 100644
--- a/lib/resource/english/ResEng.gf
+++ b/lib/resource/english/ResEng.gf
@@ -182,12 +182,13 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
 
   VerbForms : Type =
     Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => Order => Agr => 
-      {aux, adv, fin, inf : Str} ; -- would, hardly, sleeps, slept
+      {aux, adv, fin, inf : Str} ; -- would, not, sleeps, slept
 
   VP : Type = {
     s   : VerbForms ;
     prp : Str ;   -- present participle 
     inf : Str ;   -- the infinitive form ; VerbForms would be the logical place
+    ad  : Str ;   -- sentence adverb
     s2  : Agr => Str -- complement
     } ;
 
@@ -221,6 +222,7 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
         } ;
     prp  = verb.s ! VPresPart ;
     inf  = verb.s ! VInf ;
+    ad   = [] ;
     s2 = \\a => if_then_Str verb.isRefl (reflPron ! a) []
     } ;
 
@@ -256,6 +258,7 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
         } ;
     prp = verb.prpart ;
     inf = verb.inf ;
+    ad = [] ;
     s2 = \\_ => []
     } ;
         
@@ -282,11 +285,10 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
 --- The adverb should be before the finite verb.
 
   insertAdV : Str -> VP -> VP = \ad,vp -> {
-    s = \\t,ant,cb,ord,agr => 
-      let vps = vp.s ! t ! ant ! cb ! ord ! agr in
-      {aux = vps.aux ; adv = vps.adv ++ ad ; fin = vps.fin ; inf = vps.inf} ;
+    s = vp.s ;
     prp = vp.prp ;
     inf = vp.inf ;
+    ad  = vp.ad ++ ad ;
     s2 = \\a => vp.s2 ! a
     } ;
 
@@ -316,10 +318,9 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
     agrVerb (verb.s ! VPres) (verb.s ! VInf) ;
 
   infVP : Bool -> VP -> Agr -> Str = \isAux,vp,a ->
+    vp.ad ++ 
     case isAux of {True => [] ; False => "to"} ++ 
-    (vp.s!Pres!Simul!CPos!ODir!a).adv ++ vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a ;
----    if_then_Str isAux [] "to" ++ 
----    vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a ;
+    vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a ;
 
   agrVerb : Str -> Str -> Agr -> Str = \has,have,agr -> 
     case agr of {
@@ -383,8 +384,8 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
           compl = vp.s2 ! agr
         in
         case o of {
-          ODir => subj ++ verb.aux ++ verb.adv ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl ;
-          OQuest => verb.aux ++ subj ++ verb.adv ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl
+          ODir => subj ++ verb.aux ++ verb.adv ++ vp.ad ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl ;
+          OQuest => verb.aux ++ subj ++ verb.adv ++ vp.ad ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl
           }
     } ;