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aarne
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<HTML>
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<HEAD>
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<META NAME="generator" CONTENT="http://txt2tags.sf.net">
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<TITLE> Danish Lexical Paradigms</TITLE>
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</HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="white" TEXT="black">
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<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1> Danish Lexical Paradigms</H1>
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<FONT SIZE="4">
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<I>Last update: 2006-06-01 22:30:20 CEST</I><BR>
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</FONT></CENTER>
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<P></P>
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<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
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<P></P>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Danish Lexical Paradigms</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Parameters</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Nouns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Parameters</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Nouns</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Compound nouns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Relational nouns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Relational common noun phrases</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Proper names and noun phrases</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Compound nouns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Relational nouns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Relational common noun phrases</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Proper names and noun phrases</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Adjectives</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Adjectives</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc9">Two-place adjectives</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Two-place adjectives</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Adverbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Prepositions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc12">Verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc9">Adverbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Prepositions</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Verbs</A>
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<UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc13">Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc14">Verbs with a particle</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc15">Deponent verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc16">Two-place verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc17">Three-place verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Other complement patterns</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc12">Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc13">Verbs with a particle</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc14">Deponent verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc15">Two-place verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc16">Three-place verbs</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc17">Other complement patterns</A>
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</UL>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc19">Definitions of the paradigms</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Definitions of the paradigms</A>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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<P></P>
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<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
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<P></P>
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<P>
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Author:
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Last update: Wed May 31 19:01:39 2006
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</P>
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<P>
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Produced by
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gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
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(c) Aarne Ranta (<A HREF="mailto:aarne@cs.chalmers.se">aarne@cs.chalmers.se</A>) 2002 under GNU GPL.
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</P>
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<P>
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==
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</P>
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<P>
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# -path=.:../scandinavian:../common:../abstract:../../prelude
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</P>
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<A NAME="toc1"></A>
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<H1>Danish Lexical Paradigms</H1>
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<P>
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Aarne Ranta 2003
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</P>
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<P>
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@@ -97,7 +85,7 @@ words.
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CatDan in {
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc2"></A>
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<A NAME="toc1"></A>
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<H2>Parameters</H2>
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<P>
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To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
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@@ -137,7 +125,7 @@ Prepositions used in many-argument functions are just strings.
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Preposition : Type = Str ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc3"></A>
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<A NAME="toc2"></A>
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<H2>Nouns</H2>
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<P>
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Worst case: give all four forms. The gender is computed from the
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@@ -180,13 +168,13 @@ indefinite
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mk3N : (bil,bilen,biler : Str) -> N ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc4"></A>
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<A NAME="toc3"></A>
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<H3>Compound nouns</H3>
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<P>
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All the functions above work quite as well to form compound nouns,
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such as <I>fotboll</I>.
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</P>
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<A NAME="toc5"></A>
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<A NAME="toc4"></A>
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<H3>Relational nouns</H3>
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<P>
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Relational nouns (<I>daughter of x</I>) need a preposition.
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@@ -214,7 +202,7 @@ Three-place relational nouns (<I>the connection from x to y</I>) need two prepos
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mkN3 : N -> Preposition -> Preposition -> N3 ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc6"></A>
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<A NAME="toc5"></A>
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<H3>Relational common noun phrases</H3>
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<P>
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In some cases, you may want to make a complex <CODE>CN</CODE> into a
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@@ -222,7 +210,7 @@ relational noun (e.g. <I>the old town hall of</I>). However, <CODE>N2</CODE> and
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<CODE>N3</CODE> are purely lexical categories. But you can use the <CODE>AdvCN</CODE>
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and <CODE>PrepNP</CODE> constructions to build phrases like this.
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</P>
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<A NAME="toc7"></A>
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<A NAME="toc6"></A>
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<H3>Proper names and noun phrases</H3>
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<P>
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Proper names, with a regular genitive, are formed as follows
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@@ -246,7 +234,7 @@ genitive, you can use the worst-case function.
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mkNP : Str -> Str -> Number -> Gender -> NP ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc8"></A>
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<A NAME="toc7"></A>
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<H2>Adjectives</H2>
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<P>
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Non-comparison one-place adjectives need three forms:
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@@ -269,7 +257,7 @@ In most cases, two forms are enough.
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mk2A : (stor,stort : Str) -> A ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc9"></A>
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<A NAME="toc8"></A>
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<H3>Two-place adjectives</H3>
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<P>
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Two-place adjectives need a preposition for their second argument.
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@@ -316,7 +304,7 @@ long adjective, the following pattern is used:
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compoundA : A -> A ; -- -/mer/mest norsk
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc10"></A>
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<A NAME="toc9"></A>
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<H2>Adverbs</H2>
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<P>
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Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position
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@@ -334,7 +322,7 @@ Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed.
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mkAdA : Str -> AdA ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc11"></A>
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<A NAME="toc10"></A>
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<H2>Prepositions</H2>
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<P>
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A preposition is just a string.
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@@ -343,7 +331,7 @@ A preposition is just a string.
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mkPreposition : Str -> Preposition ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc12"></A>
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<A NAME="toc11"></A>
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<H2>Verbs</H2>
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<P>
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The worst case needs six forms.
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@@ -374,7 +362,7 @@ In practice, it is enough to give three forms, as in school books.
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irregV : (drikke, drakk, drukket : Str) -> V ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc13"></A>
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<A NAME="toc12"></A>
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<H3>Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</H3>
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<P>
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By default, the auxiliary is <I>have</I>. This function changes it to <I>være</I>.
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@@ -383,7 +371,7 @@ By default, the auxiliary is <I>have</I>. This function changes it to <I>v
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vaereV : V -> V ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc14"></A>
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<A NAME="toc13"></A>
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<H3>Verbs with a particle</H3>
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<P>
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The particle, such as in <I>switch on</I>, is given as a string.
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@@ -392,7 +380,7 @@ The particle, such as in <I>switch on</I>, is given as a string.
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partV : V -> Str -> V ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc15"></A>
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<A NAME="toc14"></A>
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<H3>Deponent verbs</H3>
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<P>
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Some words are used in passive forms only, e.g. <I>hoppas</I>, some as
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@@ -403,7 +391,7 @@ reflexive e.g. <I>
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reflV : V -> V ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc16"></A>
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<A NAME="toc15"></A>
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<H3>Two-place verbs</H3>
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<P>
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Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object.
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@@ -415,7 +403,7 @@ Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object.
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dirV2 : V -> V2 ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc17"></A>
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<A NAME="toc16"></A>
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<H3>Three-place verbs</H3>
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<P>
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Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which
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@@ -427,7 +415,7 @@ the first one or both can be absent.
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dirdirV3 : V -> V3 ; -- give,_,_
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc18"></A>
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<A NAME="toc17"></A>
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<H3>Other complement patterns</H3>
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<P>
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Verbs and adjectives can take complements such as sentences,
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@@ -461,7 +449,7 @@ as an adverb. Likewise <CODE>AS, A2S, AV, A2V</CODE> are just <CODE>A</CODE>.
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AS, A2S, AV, A2V : Type ;
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</PRE>
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<P></P>
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<A NAME="toc19"></A>
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<A NAME="toc18"></A>
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<H2>Definitions of the paradigms</H2>
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<P>
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The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are
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