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Hebrew mini resource by Dana Dannells
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aarne
351
gf-book/examples/chapter9/hebrew/ResHeb.gf
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351
gf-book/examples/chapter9/hebrew/ResHeb.gf
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--# -path=alltenses
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-- (c) 2011 Dana Dannells
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-- Licensed under LGPL
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-- Compiled with GF version 3.2
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resource ResHeb = open PatternsHeb, Prelude, Predef in {
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flags coding=utf8 ;
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param
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Number = Sg | Pl | Dl ;
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Gender = Masc | Fem ;
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Species = Def | Indef ;
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Case = Nom | Acc | Dat ;
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Agr = Ag Gender Number Person;
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Person = Per1 | Per2 | Per3 ;
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Voice = Active | Passive | Reflexive ;
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VPerNumGen = Vp1Sg | Vp1Pl | Vp2Sg Gender | Vp2Pl Gender | Vp3Sg Gender | Vp3Pl Gender ;
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Tense = Perf | Part | Imperf ;
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oper
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VP = {v : Verb ; obj : Str} ; -- obj value to deal with direct objects
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NP = {s : Case => {obj : Str} ; a : Agr ; isDef : Bool ; sp : Species };
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Auxiliaries
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-- Pronouns modify nouns in a noun phrase, they agree
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-- in gender and number with the head noun.
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pronNP : (s,a,d : Str) -> Gender -> Number -> Person -> NP =
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\s,a,d,g,n,p -> {
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s =
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table {
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Nom => {obj = s} ;
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Acc => {obj = a} ;
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Dat => {obj = []}
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};
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isDef = False ;
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sp = Indef ;
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a = Ag g n p
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} ;
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Predication
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agrV : Verb -> Tense -> Agr -> Str = \v,t,a -> case a of {
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Ag g n p => v.s ! t ! (chooseForm g n p)
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} ;
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chooseForm : Gender -> Number -> Person -> VPerNumGen = \g,n,p->
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case <g,n,p> of {
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<_,Sg,Per1> => Vp1Sg;
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<_,Pl,Per1> => Vp1Pl;
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<_,Sg,Per2> => Vp2Sg g ;
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<_,Pl,Per2> => Vp2Pl g ;
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<_,Sg,Per3> => Vp3Sg g ;
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<_,Pl,Per3> => Vp3Pl g ;
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_ => Vp3Sg Masc
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};
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Roots and patterns for verbs
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oper
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Pattern : Type = {C1, C1C2, C2C3, C3 : Str};
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Root : Type = {C1,C2,C3 : Str}; -- most verb roots consist of three consonants
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Root4 : Type = Root ** {C4 : Str}; -- for verb roots with four consonants
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Morphology
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oper
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Noun : Type = {s : Number => Species => Str ; g : Gender} ;
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Adj : Type = {s : Number => Species => Gender => Str} ;
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Verb : Type = {s : Tense => VPerNumGen => Str } ;
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Verb2 : Type = Verb ** {c : Case} ;
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Nouns
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-- Nouns have different endings,
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-- some are also duals: his- anashim, bait- batim, bat-banot.
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oper
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mkNoun : (bait,batim,batimD : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \bait,batim,batimD,g -> {
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s = table {
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Sg => table{Indef => bait ; Def => defH bait};
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Pl => table{Indef => batim ; Def => defH batim} ;
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Dl => table{Indef => batimD ; Def => defH batimD}
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};
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g=g ;
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};
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-- For some nouns it is not possible to infer the gender from the pefix,
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-- depending on the gender, a noun can either end with yM or wt.
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regNoun2 : Str -> Gender -> Noun = \root,g ->
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case root of {
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heret + c@? => table {
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Masc => mkNoun root (heret + replaceLastLet (c) + "yM" ) ("") g;
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Fem => mkNoun root (heret + replaceLastLet (c) + "wt") ("") g
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} ! g
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} ;
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-- For regular nouns, it is possible to infer the gender from the pefix.
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regNoun : Str -> Noun =
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\root -> case root of {
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malc + "h" => mkNoun root (malc + "wt") ("") Fem ;
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mecon + "yt" => mkNoun root (mecon + "ywt") ("") Fem ; -- (it -> iyot)
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khan + "wt" => mkNoun root (khan + "ywt") ("") Fem; -- (ut -> uyot)
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tsalakh + "t" => mkNoun root (tsalakh + "wt") ("") Fem ; -- (at -> ot)
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_ => mkNoun root (root + "yM") ("") Masc
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} ;
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mkN = overload {
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mkN : (root: Str) -> Noun = regNoun ;
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mkN : (kaf : Str) -> Gender-> Noun = regNoun2 ;
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mkN : (bait, batim : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \bait,batim -> mkNoun bait batim "";
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mkN : (regel, raglayim, raglaim : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = mkNoun ;
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} ;
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replaceLastLet : Str -> Str = \c ->
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case c of {"P" => "p" ; "M" => "m" ; "N" => "n" ; "Z." => "Z" ; "K" => "k"; _ => c} ;
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Adjectives
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-- Adjectives are formed either linearly,
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-- by adding a suffix without affecting the stem
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-- or discontinuously, by adding feminine or plural marker
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-- that requires a shift of stress in the word and certain
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-- vowel deletions and modifications.
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oper
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regA : Str -> Adj = \root
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-> case root of { kaTan + c@? =>
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mkAdj root (kaTan + replaceLastLet (c) + "h") (kaTan +
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replaceLastLet (c) + "yM") (kaTan + replaceLastLet (c) + "wt")
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};
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regA2 : Str -> Adj = \bwleT
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-> mkAdj bwleT ( bwleT + "t") ( bwleT + "yM" ) (bwleT + "wt" );
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mkAdj : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj = \tov,tova,tovim,tovot -> {
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s = table {
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Sg => table {
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Indef => table { Masc => tov ; Fem => tova } ;
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Def => table { Masc => defH tov ; Fem => defH tova }
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} ;
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_ => table {
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Indef => table {Masc => tovim ; Fem => tovot } ;
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Def => table { Masc => defH tovim ; Fem => defH tovot }
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}
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}
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};
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Determination
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defH : Str -> Str = \cn ->
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case cn of {_ => "h" + cn};
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-------------------------------------------------
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-- Verbs
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-- The way of forming verbs follows the traditional
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-- Hebrew pattern group classification, called Binyanim.
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-- Each pattern has a three consonant slot structure with special
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-- inflectional characteristics.
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-- Verbs are formed by a [root + pattern] combination.
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oper
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dirV2: Verb -> Verb2 =\v ->
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{
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s = v.s ;
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c = Acc
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};
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mkVPaal : Str -> Verb = \v ->
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let root = getRoot v
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in {s = table {
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Perf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root C1aC2aC3ti ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root C1aC2aC3nu ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root C1aC2aC3ta ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root C1aC2aC3t ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root C1aC2aC3tem ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root C1aC2aC3ten ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root C1aC2aC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root C1aC2aC3a ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root C1aC2aC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root C1aC2aC3u
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} ;
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Part => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root C1oC2C3ot ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root C1oC2eC3;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root C1oC2C3ot
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} ;
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Imperf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root eC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root niC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3i ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root yiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root yiC1C2eC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root yiC1C2eC3u
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}
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}
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};
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mkVHifhil : Str -> Verb = \v ->
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let root = getRoot v
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in {s = table {
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Perf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3ti ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3nu ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3ta ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3t ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3tem ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root hiC1C2aC3ten ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root hiC1C2iC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root hiC1C2iC3a ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root hiC1C2iC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root hiC1C2iC3u
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} ;
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Part => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root C1oC2C3ot ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root C1oC2eC3;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root C1oC2C3ot
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};
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Imperf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern root eC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern root niC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3i ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern root yiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern root yiC1C2eC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern root yiC1C2eC3u
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}
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}
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} ;
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mkVHifhil2 : Str -> Verb = \v ->
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let root = getRoot v
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in {s = table {
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Perf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3ti ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3nu ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3ta ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3t ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3tem ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern2 root hiC1C2aC3ten ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern2 root hiC1C2iC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern2 root hiC1C2iC3a ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern2 root hiC1C2iC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern2 root hiC1C2iC3u
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} ;
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Part => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern2 root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern2 root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern2 root C1oC2eC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern2 root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern2 root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern2 root C1oC2C3ot ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern2 root C1oC2eC3;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern2 root C1oC2eC3et ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern2 root C1oC2C3im ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern2 root C1oC2C3ot
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} ;
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Imperf => table {
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Vp1Sg => appPattern2 root eC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp1Pl => appPattern2 root niC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Masc => appPattern2 root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp2Sg Fem => appPattern2 root tiC1C2eC3i ;
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Vp2Pl Masc => appPattern2 root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp2Pl Fem => appPattern2 root tiC1C2eC3o ;
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Vp3Sg Masc => appPattern2 root yiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Sg Fem => appPattern2 root tiC1C2oC3 ;
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Vp3Pl Masc => appPattern2 root yiC1C2eC3u ;
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Vp3Pl Fem => appPattern2 root yiC1C2eC3u
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}
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}
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};
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appPattern : Root -> Pattern -> Str = \r,p ->
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p.C1 + r.C1 + p.C1C2 + r.C2 + p.C2C3 + r.C3 + p.C3 ;
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-- remove the first letter
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appPattern2 : Root -> Pattern -> Str = \r,p ->
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p.C1 + p.C1C2 + r.C2 + p.C2C3 + r.C3 + p.C3 ;
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getRoot : Str -> Root = \s -> case s of {
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C1@? + C2@? + C3 => {C1 = C1 ; C2 = C2 ; C3 = C3} ;
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_ => Predef.error ("cannot get root from" ++ s)
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} ;
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}
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