diff --git a/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf b/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
index 75a6b6f7b..3db7aa6a6 100644
--- a/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
+++ b/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
@@ -78,4 +78,8 @@ abstract Extra = Cat ** {
 
     NominalizeVPSlashNP : VPSlash -> NP -> NP ;
 
+-- existential for mathematics
+
+    ExistsNP : NP -> Cl ;  -- there exists a number / there exist numbers
+
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/catalan/ExtraCat.gf b/lib/src/catalan/ExtraCat.gf
index cad66ea7f..22b0362c8 100644
--- a/lib/src/catalan/ExtraCat.gf
+++ b/lib/src/catalan/ExtraCat.gf
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 concrete ExtraCat of ExtraCatAbs = ExtraRomanceCat ** 
-open CommonRomance, ParadigmsCat, PhonoCat, MorphoCat, ParamX, ResCat, 
+open CommonRomance, ParadigmsCat, PhonoCat, MorphoCat, ParamX, ResCat, BeschCat,
  Prelude in {
 
 flags coding = utf8 ;
@@ -81,4 +81,7 @@ lin
         ext   = vps.ext
         } ;
 
+    ExistsNP np = 
+      mkClause [] True False np.a (insertComplement (\\_ => (np.s ! Nom).ton) (predV (mkV (complir_25 "existir")))) ;
+
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf b/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
index 086d03e92..70bb5ea16 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
@@ -169,6 +169,11 @@ lin
      _  => insertObjPartLast (\\_ => vps.c2 ++ np.s ! NPAcc) vps  ---
      } ;
 
+   --- AR 22/5/2013
+   ExistsNP np = 
+      mkClause "there" (agrP3 (fromAgr np.a).n) 
+        (insertObj (\\_ => np.s ! NPAcc) (predV (regV "exist"))) ;
+
 ------------
 --- obsolete: use UncNeg : Pol
 
diff --git a/lib/src/finnish/ExtraFin.gf b/lib/src/finnish/ExtraFin.gf
index e0b450ed4..c99a9613a 100644
--- a/lib/src/finnish/ExtraFin.gf
+++ b/lib/src/finnish/ExtraFin.gf
@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@ concrete ExtraFin of ExtraFinAbs = CatFin **
 
     GenRP num cn = {
       s = \\n,c => let k = npform2case num.n c in relPron ! n ! Gen ++ cn.s ! NCase num.n k ; 
-      a = RNoAg ---RAg (agrP3 num.n)
+      a = RNoAg 
+---      a = RAg (agrP3 num.n)
       } ;
 
     GenCN n1 n2 = {s = \\nf => n1.s ! NPCase Gen ++ n2.s ! nf ;
diff --git a/lib/src/french/ExtraFre.gf b/lib/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
index a021695ef..916a8a056 100644
--- a/lib/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
+++ b/lib/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
@@ -73,4 +73,7 @@ concrete ExtraFre of ExtraFreAbs = ExtraRomanceFre **
 
     PNegNe = {s = [] ; p = RNeg True} ;
 
+    ExistsNP np = 
+      mkClause "il" True False np.a (insertComplement (\\_ => (np.s ! Nom).ton) (predV (regV "exister"))) ;
+
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/italian/ExtraIta.gf b/lib/src/italian/ExtraIta.gf
index 95b94a829..1b919cb5c 100644
--- a/lib/src/italian/ExtraIta.gf
+++ b/lib/src/italian/ExtraIta.gf
@@ -45,4 +45,8 @@ concrete ExtraIta of ExtraItaAbs = ExtraRomanceIta **
     AdvDatVP = insertClit3 datClit ;
     AdvGenVP = insertClit3 genClit ;
 
+    ExistsNP np = 
+      mkClause [] True False np.a (insertComplement (\\_ => (np.s ! Nom).ton) (predV (regV "esistere"))) ;
+
+
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf b/lib/src/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf
index 1083f13d3..32d52f381 100644
--- a/lib/src/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf
+++ b/lib/src/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf
@@ -365,6 +365,7 @@ oper
       i   = last ci ;
       verb = case are of {
         "ire" =>  finire_100 x ;
+        "ere" =>  assistere_24 x ;
         _ => case i of {
           "c" => cercare_7 x ;
           "g" => legare_8 x ;
diff --git a/lib/src/romance/ExtraRomanceAbs.gf b/lib/src/romance/ExtraRomanceAbs.gf
index da7553b9b..008248ce3 100644
--- a/lib/src/romance/ExtraRomanceAbs.gf
+++ b/lib/src/romance/ExtraRomanceAbs.gf
@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 abstract ExtraRomanceAbs = Cat, Extra[
   VPI,ListVPI,BaseVPI,ConsVPI,MkVPI,ComplVPIVV,ConjVPI,
   VPS,ListVPS,BaseVPS,ConsVPS,ConjVPS,MkVPS,PredVPS,
-  PassVPSlash,
-  Temp,Pol,S,NP,VPSlash,
+  PassVPSlash,ExistsNP,
+  Temp,Pol,S,NP,VPSlash,Cl,
   VV,VP,Conj,Pron,ProDrop,CompIQuant,IQuant,IComp,PrepCN,CN,Prep,Adv] ** {
 
   fun 
diff --git a/lib/src/spanish/ExtraSpa.gf b/lib/src/spanish/ExtraSpa.gf
index a784121e1..c2fda9e95 100644
--- a/lib/src/spanish/ExtraSpa.gf
+++ b/lib/src/spanish/ExtraSpa.gf
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 concrete ExtraSpa of ExtraSpaAbs = ExtraRomanceSpa ** 
-  open CommonRomance, PhonoSpa, MorphoSpa, ParadigmsSpa, ParamX, ResSpa, 
+  open CommonRomance, PhonoSpa, MorphoSpa, ParadigmsSpa, ParamX, ResSpa, BeschSpa,
   Prelude in {
   
   lin
@@ -66,4 +66,7 @@ concrete ExtraSpa of ExtraSpaAbs = ExtraRomanceSpa **
         ext   = vps.ext
         } ;
 
+    ExistsNP np = 
+      mkClause [] True False np.a (insertComplement (\\_ => (np.s ! Nom).ton) (predV (mkV "existir"))) ;
+
 }