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updated gfdoc

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aarne
2006-06-22 22:18:56 +00:00
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lib/resource-1.0/doc/gfdoc/ParadigmsFin.html
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@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
</HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="white" TEXT="black">
<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1> Finnish Lexical Paradigms</H1>
<FONT SIZE="4">
<I>Last update: 2006-06-15 15:06:49 CEST</I><BR>
<I>Last update: 2006-06-22 20:46:07 CEST</I><BR>
</FONT></CENTER>
<P></P>
@@ -18,8 +18,9 @@
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Adjectives</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Verbs</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Three-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Other complement patterns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Two-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Three-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Other complement patterns</A>
</UL>
</UL>
@@ -54,12 +55,7 @@ The structure of functions for each word class <CODE>C</CODE> is the following:
first we give a handful of patterns that aim to cover all
regular cases. Then we give a worst-case function <CODE>mkC</CODE>, which serves as an
escape to construct the most irregular words of type <CODE>C</CODE>.
However, this function should only seldom be needed: we have a
separate module <CODE>IrregularFin</CODE>, which covers all irregularly inflected
words.
</P>
<P>
The following modules are presupposed:
However, this function should only seldom be needed.
</P>
<PRE>
resource ParadigmsFin = open
@@ -68,12 +64,7 @@ The following modules are presupposed:
MorphoFin,
CatFin
in {
</PRE>
<P></P>
<P>
flags optimize=all ;
</P>
<PRE>
flags optimize=noexpand ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
@@ -82,8 +73,8 @@ flags optimize=all ;
<P>
To abstract over gender, number, and (some) case names,
we define the following identifiers. The application programmer
should always use these constants instead of their definitions
in <CODE>TypesInf</CODE>.
should always use these constants instead of the constructors
defined in <CODE>ResFin</CODE>.
</P>
<PRE>
oper
@@ -120,8 +111,8 @@ just a case, or a pre/postposition and a case.
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
<H2>Nouns</H2>
<P>
The worst case gives ten forms and the semantic gender.
In practice just a couple of forms are needed, to define the different
The worst case gives ten forms.
In practice just a couple of forms are needed to define the different
stems, vowel alternation, and vowel harmony.
</P>
<PRE>
@@ -167,7 +158,7 @@ The rest of the noun paradigms are mostly covered by the three
heuristics.
</P>
<P>
Nouns with partitive <I>a///</I>ä// are a large group.
Nouns with partitive <I>a</I>,<I>ä</I> are a large group.
To determine for grade and vowel alternation, three forms are usually needed:
singular nominative and genitive, and plural partitive.
Examples: <I>talo</I>, <I>kukko</I>, <I>huippu</I>, <I>koira</I>, <I>kukka</I>, <I>syylä</I>, <I>särki</I>...
@@ -205,11 +196,12 @@ undergo regular weak-grade alternation:
<P></P>
<P>
Foreign words ending in consonants are actually similar to words like
<I>malli///</I>mallin<I>/</I>malleja<I>, with the exception that the //i</I> is not attached
<I>malli</I>-<I>mallin</I>-<I>malleja</I>, with the exception that the <I>i</I> is not attached
to the singular nominative. Examples: <I>linux</I>, <I>savett</I>, <I>screen</I>.
The singular partitive form is used to get the vowel harmony. (N.B. more than
1-syllabic words ending in <I>n</I> would have variant plural genitive and
partitive forms, like <I>sultanien///</I>sultaneiden//, which are not covered.)
The singular partitive form is used to get the vowel harmony.
(N.B. more than 1-syllabic words ending in <I>n</I> would have variant
plural genitive and partitive forms, like
<I>sultanien</I>, <I>sultaneiden</I>, which are not covered.)
</P>
<PRE>
nLinux : (linuxia : Str) -&gt; N ;
@@ -233,7 +225,7 @@ The following paradigm covers both nouns ending in an aspirated <I>e</I>, such a
</PRE>
<P></P>
<P>
The following covers nouns with partitive <I>ta///</I>tä//, such as
The following covers nouns with partitive <I>ta</I>,<I>tä</I>, such as
<I>susi</I>, <I>vesi</I>, <I>pieni</I>. To get all stems and the vowel harmony, it takes
the singular nominative, genitive, and essive.
</P>
@@ -433,6 +425,8 @@ The verbs <I>be</I> is special.
vOlla : V ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<H3>Two-place verbs</H3>
<P>
Two-place verbs need a case, and can have a pre- or postposition.
</P>
@@ -450,25 +444,25 @@ If the complement needs just a case, the following special function can be used.
<P>
Verbs with a direct (accusative) object
are special, since their complement case is finally decided in syntax.
But this is taken care of by <CODE>ClauseFin</CODE>.
But this is taken care of in <CODE>VerbFin</CODE>.
</P>
<PRE>
dirV2 : V -&gt; V2 ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
<H3>Three-place verbs</H3>
<P>
Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which
the first one or both can be absent.
</P>
<PRE>
mkV3 : V -&gt; Prep -&gt; Prep -&gt; V3 ; -- speak, with, about
dirV3 : V -&gt; Case -&gt; V3 ; -- give,_,to
dirdirV3 : V -&gt; V3 ; -- acc, allat
mkV3 : V -&gt; Prep -&gt; Prep -&gt; V3 ; -- puhua, allative, elative
dirV3 : V -&gt; Case -&gt; V3 ; -- siirtää, (accusative), illative
dirdirV3 : V -&gt; V3 ; -- antaa, (accusative), (allative)
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
<A NAME="toc7"></A>
<H3>Other complement patterns</H3>
<P>
Verbs and adjectives can take complements such as sentences,