diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/Makefile b/lib/resource-0.6/Makefile deleted file mode 100644 index ee635235a..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/Makefile +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -all: - make test ; make paradigms -test: - gf SBranch} ; - SBranch : Type ; - - mkPred : NP -> VG -> {s : Polarity => SBranch} = \x,F -> {s = - table { - Pos => (PredVP x (PosVG F)).s ; - Neg => (PredVP x (NegVG F)).s - } - } ; - - posAS, negAS : AS -> S ; - - posAS p = {s = p.s ! Pos ; lock_S =<>} ; - negAS p = {s = p.s ! Neg ; lock_S =<>} ; - } ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Combinations.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Combinations.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5686ef206..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Combinations.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,337 +0,0 @@ ---1 Abstract Syntax for Multilingual Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- Although concrete syntax differs a lot between different languages, --- many structures can be treated as common, on the level --- of abstraction that GF provides. --- What we will present in the following is a linguistically oriented abstract --- syntax that has been successfully defined for the following languages: --- ---* $Eng$lish ---* $Fin$nish ---* $Fre$nch ---* $Ger$man ---* $Ita$lian ---* $Rus$sian ---* $Swe$dish --- --- The three-letter prefixes are used in file names all over the resource --- grammar library; we refer to them commonly as $X$ below. ---! --- The grammar has been applied to define language --- fragments on technical or near-to-technical domains: database queries, --- video recorder dialogue systems, software specifications, and a --- health-related phrase book. Each new application helped to identify some --- missing structures in the resource and suggested some additions, but the --- number of required additions was usually small. --- --- To use the resource in applications, you need the following --- $cat$ and $fun$ rules in $oper$ form, completed by taking the --- $lincat$ and $lin$ judgements of a particular language. This is done --- by using, instead of this module, the $reuse$ module which has the name --- $ResourceX$. It is located in the subdirectory --- $grammars/resource/lang$ where $lang$ is the full name of the language. - - -abstract Combinations = PredefAbs ** { ---! ---2 Categories --- --- The categories of this resource grammar are mostly 'standard' categories --- of linguistics. Their is no claim that they correspond to semantic categories --- definable in type theory: to define such correspondences is the business --- of applications grammars. In general, the correspondence between linguistic --- and semantic categories is many-to-many. --- --- Categories that may look special are $Adj2$, $Fun$, and $TV$. They are all --- instances of endowing another category with a complement, which can be either --- a direct object (whose case may vary) or a prepositional phrase. Prepositional --- phrases that are not complements belong to the category --- $AdV$ of adverbials. --- --- In each group below, some categories are *lexical* in the sense of only --- containing atomic elements. These elements are not necessarily expressed by --- one word in all languages; the essential thing is that they have no --- constituents. Thus they have no productions in this part of the --- resource grammar. The $ParadigmsX$ grammars provide ways of defining --- lexical elements. --- --- Lexical categories are listed before other categories --- in each group and divided by an empty line. - ---! ---3 Nouns and noun phrases --- - -cat - N ; -- simple common noun, e.g. "car" - PN ; -- proper name, e.g. "John", "New York" - Fun ; -- function word, e.g. "mother (of)" - Fun2 ; -- two-place function, e.g. "flight (from) (to)" - - CN ; -- common noun phrase, e.g. "red car", "car that John owns" - NP ; -- noun phrase, e.g. "John", "all cars", "you" - Det ; -- determiner, e.g. "every", "all" - Num ; -- numeral, e.g. "three", "879" - ---! ---3 Adjectives and adjectival phrases --- - - Adj1 ; -- one-place adjective, e.g. "even" - Adj2 ; -- two-place adjective, e.g. "divisible (by)" - AdjDeg ; -- degree adjective, e.g. "big/bigger/biggest" - - AP ; -- adjective phrase, e.g. "divisible by two", "bigger than John" - --- The difference between $Adj1$ and $AdjDeg$ is that the former has no --- comparison forms. - ---! ---3 Verbs and verb phrases --- - - V ; -- one-place verb, e.g. "walk" - TV ; -- two-place verb, e.g. "love", "wait (for)", "switch on" - V3 ; -- three-place verb, e.g. "give", "prefer (stg) (to stg)" - VS ; -- sentence-compl. verb, e.g. "say", "prove" - VV ; -- verb-compl. verb, e.g. "can", "want" - - VG ; -- verbal group, e.g. "switch the light on" - VP ; -- verb phrase, e.g. "switch the light on", "don't run" - ---! ---3 Adverbials --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - AdV ; -- adverbial e.g. "now", "in the house" - AdA ; -- ad-adjective e.g. "very" - AdS ; -- sentence adverbial e.g. "therefore", "otherwise" - Prep ; -- pre/postposition, case e.g. "after", Adessive - ---! ---3 Sentences and relative clauses --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - S ; -- sentence, e.g. "John walks" - Slash ; -- sentence without NP, e.g. "John waits for (...)" - RP ; -- relative pronoun, e.g. "which", "the mother of whom" - RC ; -- relative clause, e.g. "who walks", "that I wait for" - ---! ---3 Questions and imperatives --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - IP ; -- interrogative pronoun, e.g. "who", "whose mother", "which yellow car" - IAdv ; -- interrogative adverb., e.g. "when", "why" - Qu ; -- question, e.g. "who walks" - Imp ; -- imperative, e.g. "walk!" - ---! ---3 Coordination and subordination --- - - Conj ; -- conjunction, e.g. "and" - ConjD ; -- distributed conj. e.g. "both - and" - Subj ; -- subjunction, e.g. "if", "when" - - ListS ; -- list of sentences - ListAP ; -- list of adjectival phrases - ListNP ; -- list of noun phrases - ---! ---3 Complete utterances --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - Phr ; -- full phrase, e.g. "John walks.","Who walks?", "Wait for me!" - Text ; -- sequence of phrases e.g. "One is odd. Therefore, two is even." - ---! ---2 Rules --- --- This set of rules is minimal, in the sense of defining the simplest combinations --- of categories and not having redundant rules. --- When the resource grammar is used as a library, it will often be useful to --- access it through an intermediate library that defines more rules as --- 'macros' for combinations of the ones below. - ---! ---3 Nouns and noun phrases --- - -fun - UseN : N -> CN ; -- "car" - UsePN : PN -> NP ; -- "John" - UseFun : Fun -> CN ; -- "successor" - UseInt : Int -> Num ; -- "32" --- assumes i > 1 - - SymbPN : String -> PN ; -- "x" - SymbCN : CN -> String -> CN ; -- "number x" - - ModAdj : AP -> CN -> CN ; -- "red car" - DetNP : Det -> CN -> NP ; -- "every car" - MassNP : CN -> NP ; -- "wine" - IndefOneNP : CN -> NP ; -- "a car", "cars" - IndefNumNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "houses", "86 houses" - DefOneNP : CN -> NP ; -- "the car" - DefNumNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "the cars", "the 86 cars" - ModGenOne : NP -> CN -> NP ; -- "John's car" - ModGenNum : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ; -- "John's cars", "John's 86 cars" - AppFun : Fun -> NP -> CN ; -- "successor of zero" - AppFun2 : Fun2 -> NP -> Fun ; -- "flight from Paris" - CNthatS : CN -> S -> CN ; -- "idea that the Earth is flat" - NoNum : Num ; -- no numeral modifier - ---! ---3 Adjectives and adjectival phrases --- - - AdjP1 : Adj1 -> AP ; -- "red" - PositAdjP : AdjDeg -> AP ; -- "old" - - ComplAdj : Adj2 -> NP -> AP ; -- "divisible by two" - ComparAdjP : AdjDeg -> NP -> AP ; -- "older than John" - SuperlNP : AdjDeg -> CN -> NP ; -- "the oldest man" - ---! ---3 Verbs and verb phrases --- --- The principal way of forming sentences ($S$) is by combining a noun phrase --- with a verb phrase (the $PredVP$ rule below). In addition to this, verb --- phrases have uses in relative clauses and questions. Verb phrases already --- have (or have not) a negation, but they are formed from verbal groups --- ($VG$), which have both positive and negative forms. - - PredV : V -> VG ; -- "walk", "doesn't walk" - PredPassV : V -> VG ; -- "is seen", "is not seen" - PredTV : TV -> NP -> VG ; -- "sees John", "doesn't see John" - PredVS : VS -> S -> VG ; -- "says that I run", "doesn't say..." - PredVV : VV -> VG -> VG ; -- "can run", "can't run", "tries to run" - PredV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VG ; -- "prefers wine to beer" - - PredNP : NP -> VG ; -- "is John", "is not John" - PredAdV : AdV -> VG ; -- "is everywhere", "is not in France" - PredAP : AP -> VG ; -- "is old", "isn't old" - PredCN : CN -> VG ; -- "is a man", "isn't a man" - VTrans : TV -> V ; -- "loves" - - PosVG,NegVG : VG -> VP ; -- - - ---! ---3 Adverbs --- --- Here is how complex adverbs can be formed and used. - - AdjAdv : AP -> AdV ; -- "freely", "more consciously than you" - PrepNP : Prep -> NP -> AdV ; -- "in London", "after the war" - - AdvVP : VP -> AdV -> VP ; -- "always walks", "walks in the park" - AdvCN : CN -> AdV -> CN ; -- "house in London", "house today" - AdvAP : AdA -> AP -> AP ; -- "very good" - ---! ---3 Sentences and relative clauses --- - - PredVP : NP -> VP -> S ; -- "John walks" - PosSlashTV,NegSlashTV : NP -> TV -> Slash ; -- "John sees", "John doesn't see" - OneVP : VP -> S ; -- "one walks" - ThereNP : NP -> S ; -- "there is a bar","there are 86 bars" - - IdRP : RP ; -- "which" - FunRP : Fun -> RP -> RP ; -- "the successor of which" - RelVP : RP -> VP -> RC ; -- "who walks", "who doesn't walk" - RelSlash : RP -> Slash -> RC ; -- "that I wait for"/"for which I wait" - ModRC : CN -> RC -> CN ; -- "man who walks" - RelSuch : S -> RC ; -- "such that it is even" - ---! ---3 Questions and imperatives --- - - WhoOne, WhoMany : IP ; -- "who (is)", "who (are)" - WhatOne, WhatMany : IP ; -- "what (is)", "what (are)" - FunIP : Fun -> IP -> IP ; -- "the mother of whom" - NounIPOne, NounIPMany : CN -> IP ; -- "which car", "which cars" - - QuestVP : NP -> VP -> Qu ; -- "does John walk"; "doesn't John walk" - IntVP : IP -> VP -> Qu ; -- "who walks" - IntSlash : IP -> Slash -> Qu ; -- "whom does John see" - QuestAdv : IAdv -> NP -> VP -> Qu ; -- "why do you walk" - IsThereNP : NP -> Qu ; -- "is there a bar", "are there (86) bars" - - ImperVP : VP -> Imp ; -- "be a man" - - IndicPhrase : S -> Phr ; -- "I walk." - QuestPhrase : Qu -> Phr ; -- "Do I walk?" - ImperOne, ImperMany : Imp -> Phr ; -- "Be a man!", "Be men!" - - AdvS : AdS -> S -> Phr ; -- "Therefore, 2 is prime." - ---! ---3 Coordination --- --- We consider "n"-ary coordination, with "n" > 1. To this end, we have introduced --- a *list category* $ListX$ for each category $X$ whose expressions we want to --- conjoin. Each list category has two constructors, the base case being $TwoX$. - --- We have not defined coordination of all possible categories here, --- since it can be tricky in many languages. For instance, $VP$ coordination --- is linguistically problematic in German because $VP$ is a discontinuous --- category. - - ConjS : Conj -> ListS -> S ; -- "John walks and Mary runs" - ConjAP : Conj -> ListAP -> AP ; -- "even and prime" - ConjNP : Conj -> ListNP -> NP ; -- "John or Mary" - - ConjDS : ConjD -> ListS -> S ; -- "either John walks or Mary runs" - ConjDAP : ConjD -> ListAP -> AP ; -- "both even and prime" - ConjDNP : ConjD -> ListNP -> NP ; -- "either John or Mary" - - TwoS : S -> S -> ListS ; - ConsS : ListS -> S -> ListS ; - - TwoAP : AP -> AP -> ListAP ; - ConsAP : ListAP -> AP -> ListAP ; - - TwoNP : NP -> NP -> ListNP ; - ConsNP : ListNP -> NP -> ListNP ; - ---! ---3 Subordination --- --- Subjunctions are different from conjunctions, but form --- a uniform category among themselves. - - SubjS : Subj -> S -> S -> S ; -- "if 2 is odd, 3 is even" - SubjImper : Subj -> S -> Imp -> Imp ; -- "if it is hot, use a glove!" - SubjQu : Subj -> S -> Qu -> Qu ; -- "if you are new, who are you?" - SubjVP : VP -> Subj -> S -> VP ; -- "(a man who) sings when he runs" - ---! ---2 One-word utterances --- --- These are, more generally, *one-phrase utterances*. The list below --- is very incomplete. - - PhrNP : NP -> Phr ; -- "Some man.", "John." - PhrOneCN, PhrManyCN : CN -> Phr ; -- "A car.", "Cars." - PhrIP : IAdv -> Phr ; -- "Who?" - PhrIAdv : IAdv -> Phr ; -- "Why?" - ---! ---2 Text formation --- --- A text is a sequence of phrases. It is defined like a non-empty list. - - OnePhr : Phr -> Text ; - ConsPhr : Phr -> Text -> Text ; - -} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Logic.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Logic.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 06181d880..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Logic.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,92 +0,0 @@ - ---1 A Small Predication Library --- --- (c) Aarne Ranta 2003 under Gnu GPL. --- --- This library is built on a language-independent API of --- resource grammars. It has a common part, the type signatures --- (defined here), and language-dependent parts. The user of --- the library should only have to look at the type signatures. - -incomplete resource Logic = open Atom in { - --- We first define a set of predication patterns. - -oper - - predV1 : V -> NP -> AS ; -- one-place verb: "John walks" - predV2 : TV -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- two-place verb: "John loves Mary" - predV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> NP -> AS ;-- three-place verb: "John prefers Mary to Jane" - predVColl : V -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- collective verb: "John and Mary fight" - predA1 : Adj1 -> NP -> AS ; -- one-place adjective: "John is old" - predA2 : Adj2 -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- two-place adj: "John is married to Mary" - predAComp : AdjDeg -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- compar adj: "John is older than Mary" - predAColl : Adj1 -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- collective adj: "John and Mary are married" - predN1 : CN -> NP -> AS ; -- one-place noun: "John is a man" - predN2 : Fun -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- two-place noun: "John is a lover of Mary" - predNColl : CN -> NP -> NP -> AS ; -- collective noun: "John and Mary are lovers" - predAdv : AdV -> NP -> AS ; -- adverb: "Joh is outside" - --- Individual-valued function applications. - - appFun1 : Fun -> NP -> NP ; -- one-place function: "the successor of x" - appFun2 : Fun2 -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- two-place function: "the distance from x to y" - appFunColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- collective function: "the sum of x and y" - --- Families of types, expressed by common nouns depending on arguments. - - appFam1 : Fun -> NP -> CN ; -- one-place family: "divisor of x" - appFamColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> CN ; -- collective family: "path between x and y" - --- Type constructor, similar to a family except that the argument is a type. - - constrTyp1 : Fun -> CN -> CN ; - --- Logical connectives on two sentences. - - conjS : S -> S -> S ; - disjS : S -> S -> S ; - implS : S -> S -> S ; - --- As an auxiliary, we need two-place conjunction of names ("John and Mary"), --- used in collective predication. - - conjNP : NP -> NP -> NP ; - ------------------------------ - ----- what follows should be an implementation of the preceding - -oper - - predV1 = \F, x -> mkPred x (PredV F) ; - predV2 = \F, x, y -> mkPred x (PredTV F y) ; - predV3 = \F, x, y, z -> mkPred x (PredV3 F y z) ; - predVColl = \F, x, y -> mkPred (conjNP x y) (PredV F) ; - predA1 = \F, x -> mkPred x (PredAP (AdjP1 F)) ; - predA2 = \F, x, y -> mkPred x (PredAP (ComplAdj F y)) ; - predAComp = \F, x, y -> mkPred x (PredAP (ComparAdjP F y)) ; - predAColl = \F, x, y -> mkPred (conjNP x y) (PredAP (AdjP1 F)) ; - predN1 = \F, x -> mkPred x (PredCN F) ; - predN2 = \F, x, y -> mkPred x (PredCN (AppFun F y)) ; - predNColl = \F, x, y -> mkPred (conjNP x y) (PredCN F) ; - predAdv = \F, x -> mkPred x (PredAdV F) ; ----- predAdvColl = \F, x, y -> mkPred (conjNP x y) (PredAdV F) ; - - - appFun1 = \f, x -> DefOneNP (AppFun f x) ; - appFun2 = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun (AppFun2 f y) x) ; - appFunColl = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun f (conjNP x y)) ; - - appFam1 = \F, x -> AppFun F x ; - appFamColl = \F, x, y -> AppFun F (conjNP x y) ; - - conjS = \A, B -> ConjS AndConj (TwoS A B) ; - disjS = \A, B -> ConjS OrConj (TwoS A B) ; - implS = \A, B -> SubjS IfSubj A B ; - - constrTyp1 = \F, A -> AppFun F (IndefManyNP A) ; - - conjNP = \x, y -> ConjNP AndConj (TwoNP x y) ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Numerals.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Numerals.gf deleted file mode 100644 index b725070dc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Numerals.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ --- numerals from 1 to 999999 in decimal notation - -abstract Numerals = { - -flags startcat=Numeral ; - -cat - Numeral ; -- 0.. - Digit ; -- 2..9 - Sub10 ; -- 1..9 - Sub100 ; -- 1..99 - Sub1000 ; -- 1..999 - Sub1000000 ; -- 1..999999 - -fun - num : Sub1000000 -> Numeral ; - - n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9 : Digit ; - - pot01 : Sub10 ; -- 1 - pot0 : Digit -> Sub10 ; -- d * 1 - pot110 : Sub100 ; -- 10 - pot111 : Sub100 ; -- 11 - pot1to19 : Digit -> Sub100 ; -- 10 + d - pot0as1 : Sub10 -> Sub100 ; -- coercion of 1..9 - pot1 : Digit -> Sub100 ; -- d * 10 - pot1plus : Digit -> Sub10 -> Sub100 ; -- d * 10 + n - pot1as2 : Sub100 -> Sub1000 ; -- coercion of 1..99 - pot2 : Sub10 -> Sub1000 ; -- m * 100 - pot2plus : Sub10 -> Sub100 -> Sub1000 ; -- m * 100 + n - pot2as3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- coercion of 1..999 - pot3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- m * 1000 - pot3plus : Sub1000 -> Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- m * 1000 + n -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Predication.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Predication.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 20212d4dc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Predication.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,89 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude ---1 A Small Predication Library --- --- (c) Aarne Ranta 2003 under Gnu GPL. --- --- This library is built on a language-independent API of --- resource grammars. It has a common part, the type signatures --- (defined here), and language-dependent parts. The user of --- the library should only have to look at the type signatures. - -incomplete resource Predication = open Resource, ResourceExt in { - --- We first define a set of predication patterns. - -oper - predV1 : V -> NP -> S ; -- one-place verb: "John walks" - predV2 : TV -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- two-place verb: "John loves Mary" - predV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> NP -> S ;-- three-place verb: "John prefers Mary to Jane" - predVColl : V -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- collective verb: "John and Mary fight" - predA1 : Adj1 -> NP -> S ; -- one-place adjective: "John is old" - predA2 : Adj2 -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- two-place adj: "John is married to Mary" - predAComp : AdjDeg -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- compar adj: "John is older than Mary" - predAColl : Adj1 -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- collective adj: "John and Mary are married" - predN1 : N -> NP -> S ; -- one-place noun: "John is a man" - predN2 : Fun -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- two-place noun: "John is a lover of Mary" - predNColl : N -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- collective noun: "John and Mary are lovers" - predAdv : AdV -> NP -> S ; -- adverb: "Joh is outside" - --- Individual-valued function applications. - - appFun1 : Fun -> NP -> NP ; -- one-place function: "the successor of x" - appFun2 : Fun2 -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- two-place function: "the distance from x to y" - appFunColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- collective function: "the sum of x and y" - --- Families of types, expressed by common nouns depending on arguments. - - appFam1 : Fun -> NP -> CN ; -- one-place family: "divisor of x" - appFamColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> CN ; -- collective family: "path between x and y" - --- Type constructor, similar to a family except that the argument is a type. - - constrTyp1 : Fun -> CN -> CN ; - --- Logical connectives on two sentences. - - conjS : S -> S -> S ; - disjS : S -> S -> S ; - implS : S -> S -> S ; - --- As an auxiliary, we need two-place conjunction of names ("John and Mary"), --- used in collective predication. - - conjNP : NP -> NP -> NP ; - ------------------------------ - ----- what follows should be an implementation of the preceding - -oper - predV1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosV F) ; - predV2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosTV F y) ; - predV3 = \F, x, y, z -> PredVP x (PosVG (PredV3 F y z)) ; - predVColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosV F) ; - predA1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosA (AdjP1 F)) ; - predA2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosA (ComplAdj F y)) ; - predAComp = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosA (ComparAdjP F y)) ; - predAColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosA (AdjP1 F)) ; - predN1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosCN (UseN F)) ; - predN2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosCN (AppFun F y)) ; - predNColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosCN (UseN F)) ; - predAdv = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosVG (PredAdV F)) ; - - - appFun1 = \f, x -> DefOneNP (AppFun f x) ; - appFun2 = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun (AppFun2 f y) x) ; - appFunColl = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun f (conjNP x y)) ; - - appFam1 = \F, x -> AppFun F x ; - appFamColl = \F, x, y -> AppFun F (conjNP x y) ; - - conjS = \A, B -> ConjS AndConj (TwoS A B) ; - disjS = \A, B -> ConjS OrConj (TwoS A B) ; - implS = \A, B -> SubjS IfSubj A B ; - - constrTyp1 = \F, A -> AppFun F (IndefManyNP A) ; - - conjNP = \x, y -> ConjNP AndConj (TwoNP x y) ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Resource.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Resource.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ad8e06cc6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Resource.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -interface Resource = reuse Structural ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/ResourceExt.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/ResourceExt.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a900d2607..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/ResourceExt.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,38 +0,0 @@ -incomplete resource ResourceExt = open Resource in { - --- Mostly for compatibility with old API (v 0.4). Also for --- special cases of plural determiners without numerals. --- AR 12/1/2004 - -oper - - PosV : V -> VP = \x -> PosVG (PredV x) ; - NegV : V -> VP = \x -> NegVG (PredV x) ; - PosTV : TV -> NP -> VP = \x,y -> PosVG (PredTV x y) ; - NegTV : TV -> NP -> VP = \x,y -> NegVG (PredTV x y) ; - PosA : AP -> VP = \x -> PosVG (PredAP x) ; - NegA : AP -> VP = \x -> NegVG (PredAP x) ; - PosCN : CN -> VP = \x -> PosVG (PredCN x) ; - NegCN : CN -> VP = \x -> NegVG (PredCN x) ; - - IndefManyNP : CN -> NP = IndefNumNP NoNum ; - DefManyNP : CN -> NP = DefNumNP NoNum ; - ModGenMany : NP -> CN -> NP = ModGenNum NoNum ; - - LocNP : NP -> AdV = PrepNP InPrep ; - - WeNP : NP = WeNumNP NoNum ; - YeNP : NP = YeNumNP NoNum ; - - TheseNP : NP = TheseNumNP NoNum ; - ThoseNP : NP = ThoseNumNP NoNum ; - - AllDet : Det = AllNumDet NoNum ; - WhichsDet : Det = WhichNumDet NoNum ; - SomesDet : Det = SomeNumDet NoNum ; - AnysDet : Det = AnyNumDet NoNum ; - NosDet : Det = NoNumDet NoNum ; - TheseDet : Det = TheseNumDet NoNum ; - ThoseDet : Det = ThoseNumDet NoNum ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Structural.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Structural.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 8849106ca..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/Structural.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,91 +0,0 @@ ---1 GF Resource Grammar API for Structural Words --- --- AR 21/11/2003 --- --- Here we have some words belonging to closed classes and appearing --- in all languages we have considered. --- Sometimes they are not really meaningful, e.g. $TheyNP$ in French --- should really be replaced by masculine and feminine variants. - -abstract Structural = Combinations ** { - -fun - ---! ---2 Determiners and noun phrases --- --- Many plural determiners can take a numeral modifier. So can the plural --- pronouns "we" and "you". - - EveryDet, WhichDet, AllMassDet, -- every, sg which, sg all - SomeDet, AnyDet, NoDet, -- sg some, any, no - MostDet, MostsDet, ManyDet, MuchDet : Det ; -- sg most, pl most, many, much - ThisDet, ThatDet : Det ; -- this, that - - AllNumDet, WhichNumDet, -- pl all, which (86) - SomeNumDet, AnyNumDet, NoNumDet, -- pl some, any, no - TheseNumDet, ThoseNumDet : Num -> Det ; -- these, those (86) - - ThisNP, ThatNP : NP ; -- this, that - TheseNumNP, ThoseNumNP : Num -> NP ; -- these, those (86) - INP, ThouNP, HeNP, SheNP, ItNP : NP ; -- personal pronouns in singular - WeNumNP, YeNumNP : Num -> NP ; -- these pronouns can take numeral - TheyNP : NP ; YouNP : NP ; -- they, the polite you - - EverybodyNP, SomebodyNP, NobodyNP, -- everybody, somebody, nobody - EverythingNP, SomethingNP, NothingNP : NP ; -- everything, something, nothing - ---! ---2 Auxiliary verbs --- --- Depending on language, all, some, or none of there verbs belong to --- a separate class of *auxiliary* verbs. The list is incomplete. - - CanVV, CanKnowVV, MustVV : VV ; -- can (pouvoir,savoir), must - WantVV : VV ; -- want (to do) - ---! ---2 Adverbials --- - - WhenIAdv,WhereIAdv,WhyIAdv,HowIAdv : IAdv ; -- when, where, why, how - EverywhereNP, SomewhereNP,NowhereNP : AdV ; -- everywhere, somewhere, nowhere - VeryAdv, TooAdv : AdA ; -- very, too - AlmostAdv, QuiteAdv : AdA ; -- almost, quite - OtherwiseAdv, ThereforeAdv : AdS ; -- therefore, otherwise - ---! ---2 Conjunctions and subjunctions --- - - AndConj, OrConj : Conj ; -- and, or - BothAnd, EitherOr, NeitherNor : ConjD ; -- both-and, either-or, neither-nor - IfSubj, WhenSubj, AlthoughSubj : Subj ; -- if, when, although - ---! ---2 Prepositions --- --- We have chosen a set of semantic relations expressible --- by prepositions in some languages, by cases or postpositions in --- others. Complement uses of prepositions are not included, and --- should be treated by the use of many-place verbs, adjectives, and --- functions. - - InPrep, OnPrep, ToPrep, FromPrep, -- spatial relations - ThroughPrep, AbovePrep, UnderPrep, - InFrontPrep, BehindPrep, BetweenPrep : Prep ; - BeforePrep, DuringPrep, AfterPrep : Prep ; -- temporal relations - WithPrep, WithoutPrep, ByMeansPrep : Prep ; -- some other relations - PossessPrep : Prep ; -- possessive/genitive - PartPrep : Prep ; -- partitive "of" ("bottle of wine") - AgentPrep : Prep ; -- agent "by" in passive constructions - - ---! ---2 Affirmation and negation --- --- The negative-positive (French "si", German "doch") is missing. - - PhrYes, PhrNo : Phr ; -- yes, no - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestHTML.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestHTML.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 356f71d75..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestHTML.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -abstract TestHTML = Structural ** { - --- a random sample of lexicon to test resource grammar with - -cat HTMLdoc; HTMLtag; - -fun - htmlText: HTMLtag -> HTMLtag -> HTMLdoc; - head, body: HTMLtag; - -} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResource.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResource.gf deleted file mode 100644 index adafdcfbc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResource.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,18 +0,0 @@ -abstract TestResource = Structural ** { - --- a random sample of lexicon to test resource grammar with - -fun - Big, Happy, Small, Old, Young : AdjDeg ; - American, Finnish : Adj1 ; - Married : Adj2 ; - Man, Woman, Car, House, Light, Bar, Bottle, Wine : N ; - Walk, Run : V ; - Send, Wait, Love, Drink, SwitchOn, SwitchOff : TV ; - Give, Prefer : V3 ; - Say, Prove : VS ; - Mother, Uncle : Fun ; - Connection : Fun2 ; - Well, Always : AdV ; - John, Mary : PN ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResourceNum.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResourceNum.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7b279ac51..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/TestResourceNum.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5 +0,0 @@ -abstract TestResourceNum = TestResource, Numerals ** { - - fun UseNumeral : Numeral -> Num ; - -} ; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/additions.txt b/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/additions.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 6d0f7fb8b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/abstract/additions.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,123 +0,0 @@ --- added 19/11/2003 -- 21/11 - --- Combinations.gf -cat - Prep ; -- pre/postposition and/or case e.g. - Num ; -- numeral, e.g. "three", "879" - VV ; -- verb-compl. verb, e.g. "can", "want" - VG ; -- verbal group - -fun - ThereIsCN : CN -> S ; -- "there is a bar", "there are bars" - ThereAreCN : Num -> CN -> S ; -- "there are 86 bars" - PrepNP : Prep -> NP -> AdV ; -- "in London", "after the war" (replace LocNP) - MassNP : CN -> NP ; -- "wine" - PredAdV : AdV -> VP ; -- "is everywhere", "is not in France" - AdjAdv : AP -> AdV ; -- "freely", "more consciously than you" - IsThereCN,AreThereCN : CN -> Qu ; -- "is there a bar", "are there bars" - PosVG,NegVG : VG -> VP ; -- - - - -- merged PosX and NegX to PredX, for the following - PredV : V -> VG ; -- "walk", "doesn't walk" - PredPassV : V -> VG ; -- "is seen", "is not seen" - PredTV : TV -> NP -> VG ; -- "sees John", "doesn't see John" - PredVS : VS -> S -> VG ; -- "says that I run", "doesn't say..." - PredVV : VV -> VG -> VG ; -- "can run", "can't run", "tries to run" - PredV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VG ; -- "prefers wine to beer" - - PredNP : NP -> VG ; -- "is John", "is not John" - PredAdV : AdV -> VG ; -- "is everywhere", "is not in France" - PredAP : AP -> VG ; -- "is old", "isn't old" - PredCN : CN -> VG ; -- "is a man", "isn't a man" - VTrans : TV -> V ; -- "loves" - - - -- changed type signatures: added Num - IndefManyNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "houses", "86 houses" - DefManyNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "the cars", "the 86 cars" - ModGenMany : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ; -- "John's cars", "John's 86 cars" - - UseInt : Int -> Num ; -- "32" --- assumes i > 1 - NoNum : Num ; -- no numeral modifier - - IsThereCN, AreThereCN : CN -> Qu ;-- "is there a bar", "are there bars" - --- from Hajo's work - -AdvAP - -AdvS - -AppFun2 - -CNthatS - -ConsPhr - -ItNP - -NegPassV - -NegV3 - -OnePhr - -OneVP - -OtherwiseAdv - -PosPassV - -PosV3 - -SubjVP - -ThereforeAdv - -TooAdv - -VTrans - -VeryAdv - - --- Structural.gf - --- Some of these are just changes to Num -> Det|NP. - AllDet : Det ; -- sg all - AllsDet, WhichsDet, -- pl all, which (86) - SomesDet, AnysDet, NosDet, -- pl some, any, no - TheseDet, ThoseDet : Num -> Det ; -- these, those (86) - ThisNP, TheseNP : NP ; -- this, that - TheseNP, ThoseNP : Num -> NP ; -- these, those (86) - INP, ThouNP, HeNP, SheNP, ItNP : NP ; -- personal pronouns in singular - WeNP, YeNP : Num -> NP ; -- these pronouns can take numeral - - EverybodyNP, SomebodyNP, NobodyNP, -- everybody, somebody, nobody - EverythingNP, SomethingNP, NothingNP : NP ; -- everything, something, nothing - EverywhereNP, SomewhereNP, NowhereNP : Adv ;-- everywhere, somewhere, nowhere - AlthoughSubj : Subj ; -- although - AlmostAdv, QuiteAdv : AdA ; -- almost, quite - InPrep, OnPrep, ToPrep, FromPrep, -- spatial relations - ThroughPrep, AbovePrep, UnderPrep, - InFrontPrep, BehindPrep, BetweenPrep : Prep ; - BeforePrep, DuringPrep, AfterPrep : Prep ; -- temporal relations - WithPrep, WithoutPrep, ByMeansPrep : Prep ; -- some other relations - PartPrep : Prep ; -- partitive "of" ("bottle of wine") - AgentPrep : Prep ; -- agent "by" in passive constructions - - - -American - -Connection - -Finnish - -Give - -Married - -Prefer - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Combinations.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Combinations.html deleted file mode 100644 index 2ce81d090..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Combinations.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,382 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

-

Abstract Syntax for Multilingual Resource Grammar

- -

-Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 -

-Although concrete syntax differs a lot between different languages, -many structures can be treated as common, on the level -of abstraction that GF provides. -What we will present in the following is a linguistically oriented abstract -syntax that has been successfully defined for the following languages: -

-

  • English -
  • Finnish -
  • French -
  • German -
  • Italian -
  • Russian -
  • Swedish -

    -The three-letter prefixes are used in file names all over the resource -grammar library; we refer to them commonly as X below. -

    - -The grammar has been applied to define language -fragments on technical or near-to-technical domains: database queries, -video recorder dialogue systems, software specifications, and a -health-related phrase book. Each new application helped to identify some -missing structures in the resource and suggested some additions, but the -number of required additions was usually small. - -To use the resource in applications, you need the following -cat and fun rules in oper form, completed by taking the -lincat and lin judgements of a particular language. This is done -by using, instead of this module, the reuse module which has the name -ResourceX. It is located in the subdirectory -grammars/resource/lang where lang is the full name of the language. -

    -  abstract Combinations = PredefAbs ** {
-
    - -

    - -

    Categories

    -

    -The categories of this resource grammar are mostly 'standard' categories -of linguistics. Their is no claim that they correspond to semantic categories -definable in type theory: to define such correspondences is the business -of applications grammars. In general, the correspondence between linguistic -and semantic categories is many-to-many. -

    -Categories that may look special are Adj2, Fun, and TV. They are all -instances of endowing another category with a complement, which can be either -a direct object (whose case may vary) or a prepositional phrase. Prepositional -phrases that are not complements belong to the category -AdV of adverbials. -

    -In each group below, some categories are lexical in the sense of only -containing atomic elements. These elements are not necessarily expressed by -one word in all languages; the essential thing is that they have no -constituents. Thus they have no productions in this part of the -resource grammar. The ParadigmsX grammars provide ways of defining -lexical elements. -

    -Lexical categories are listed before other categories -in each group and divided by an empty line. -

    - -

    Nouns and noun phrases

    -

    -

    -  cat
-    N ;      -- simple common noun,    e.g. "car"
-    PN ;     -- proper name,           e.g. "John", "New York"
-    Fun ;    -- function word,         e.g. "mother (of)"
-    Fun2 ;   -- two-place function,    e.g. "flight (from) (to)"
-  
-    CN ;     -- common noun phrase,    e.g. "red car", "car that John owns"
-    NP ;     -- noun phrase,           e.g. "John", "all cars", "you"
-    Det ;    -- determiner,            e.g. "every", "all"
-    Num ;    -- numeral,               e.g. "three", "879"            
-
    - -

    - -

    Adjectives and adjectival phrases

    -

    -

    -    Adj1 ;   -- one-place adjective,   e.g. "even"
-    Adj2 ;   -- two-place adjective,   e.g. "divisible (by)"
-    AdjDeg ; -- degree adjective,      e.g. "big/bigger/biggest"
-  
-    AP ;     -- adjective phrase,      e.g. "divisible by two", "bigger than John"
-
    - -The difference between Adj1 and AdjDeg is that the former has no -comparison forms. -

    - -

    Verbs and verb phrases

    -

    -

    -    V ;      -- one-place verb,        e.g. "walk"
-    TV ;     -- two-place verb,        e.g. "love", "wait (for)", "switch on"
-    V3 ;     -- three-place verb,      e.g. "give", "prefer (stg) (to stg)"
-    VS ;     -- sentence-compl. verb,  e.g. "say", "prove"
-    VV ;     -- verb-compl. verb,      e.g. "can", "want"
-  
-    VG ;     -- verbal group,          e.g. "switch the light on"
-    VP ;     -- verb phrase,           e.g. "switch the light on", "don't run"
-
    - -

    - -

    Adverbials

    -

    -This group has no lexical categories. -

    -    AdV ;    -- adverbial              e.g. "now", "in the house"
-    AdA ;    -- ad-adjective           e.g. "very"
-    AdS ;    -- sentence adverbial     e.g. "therefore", "otherwise"
-    Prep ;   -- pre/postposition, case e.g. "after", Adessive
-
    - -

    - -

    Sentences and relative clauses

    -

    -This group has no lexical categories. -

    -    S ;      -- sentence,              e.g. "John walks"
-    Slash ;  -- sentence without NP,   e.g. "John waits for (...)"
-    RP ;     -- relative pronoun,      e.g. "which", "the mother of whom"
-    RC ;     -- relative clause,       e.g. "who walks", "that I wait for"
-
    - -

    - -

    Questions and imperatives

    -

    -This group has no lexical categories. -

    -    IP ;     -- interrogative pronoun, e.g. "who", "whose mother", "which yellow car"
-    IAdv ;   -- interrogative adverb., e.g. "when", "why" 
-    Qu ;     -- question,              e.g. "who walks"
-    Imp ;    -- imperative,            e.g. "walk!"
-
    - -

    - -

    Coordination and subordination

    -

    -

    -    Conj ;   -- conjunction,           e.g. "and"
-    ConjD ;  -- distributed conj.      e.g. "both - and"
-    Subj ;   -- subjunction,           e.g. "if", "when"
-  
-    ListS ;  -- list of sentences
-    ListAP ; -- list of adjectival phrases
-    ListNP ; -- list of noun phrases
-
    - -

    - -

    Complete utterances

    -

    -This group has no lexical categories. -

    -    Phr ;    -- full phrase,           e.g. "John walks.","Who walks?", "Wait for me!"
-    Text ;   -- sequence of phrases    e.g. "One is odd. Therefore, two is even."
-
    - -

    - -

    Rules

    -

    -This set of rules is minimal, in the sense of defining the simplest combinations -of categories and not having redundant rules. -When the resource grammar is used as a library, it will often be useful to -access it through an intermediate library that defines more rules as -'macros' for combinations of the ones below. -

    - -

    Nouns and noun phrases

    -

    -

    -  fun 
-    UseN        : N -> CN ;                  -- "car"
-    UsePN       : PN -> NP ;                 -- "John"
-    UseFun      : Fun -> CN ;                -- "successor"
-    UseInt      : Int -> Num ;               -- "32"  --- assumes i > 1
-  
-    SymbPN      : String -> PN ;             -- "x"
-    SymbCN      : CN -> String -> CN ;       -- "number x"
-  
-    ModAdj      : AP -> CN -> CN ;           -- "red car"
-    DetNP       : Det -> CN -> NP ;          -- "every car"
-    MassNP      : CN -> NP ;                 -- "wine"
-    IndefOneNP  : CN -> NP ;                 -- "a car", "cars"
-    IndefNumNP  : Num -> CN -> NP ;          -- "houses", "86 houses"
-    DefOneNP    : CN -> NP ;                 -- "the car"
-    DefNumNP    : Num -> CN -> NP ;          -- "the cars", "the 86 cars"
-    ModGenOne   : NP -> CN -> NP ;           -- "John's car"
-    ModGenNum   : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ;    -- "John's cars", "John's 86 cars"
-    AppFun      : Fun -> NP -> CN ;          -- "successor of zero"
-    AppFun2     : Fun2 -> NP -> Fun ;        -- "flight from Paris"
-    CNthatS     : CN -> S -> CN ;            -- "idea that the Earth is flat"
-    NoNum       : Num ;                      -- no numeral modifier
-
    - -

    - -

    Adjectives and adjectival phrases

    -

    -

    -    AdjP1       : Adj1 -> AP ;               -- "red"
-    PositAdjP   : AdjDeg -> AP ;             -- "old"
-  
-    ComplAdj    : Adj2 -> NP -> AP ;         -- "divisible by two"
-    ComparAdjP  : AdjDeg -> NP -> AP ;       -- "older than John"
-    SuperlNP    : AdjDeg -> CN -> NP ;       -- "the oldest man"
-
    - -

    - -

    Verbs and verb phrases

    -

    -The principal way of forming sentences (S) is by combining a noun phrase -with a verb phrase (the PredVP rule below). In addition to this, verb -phrases have uses in relative clauses and questions. Verb phrases already -have (or have not) a negation, but they are formed from verbal groups -(VG), which have both positive and negative forms. -

    -    PredV       : V  -> VG ;             -- "walk", "doesn't walk"
-    PredPassV   : V  -> VG ;             -- "is seen", "is not seen"
-    PredTV      : TV -> NP -> VG ;       -- "sees John", "doesn't see John"
-    PredVS      : VS -> S  -> VG ;       -- "says that I run", "doesn't say..."
-    PredVV      : VV -> VG -> VG ;       -- "can run", "can't run", "tries to run"
-    PredV3      : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VG ; -- "prefers wine to beer"
-  
-    PredNP      : NP -> VG ;             -- "is John", "is not John"
-    PredAdV     : AdV -> VG ;            -- "is everywhere", "is not in France"
-    PredAP      : AP -> VG ;             -- "is old", "isn't old"
-    PredCN      : CN -> VG ;             -- "is a man", "isn't a man"
-    VTrans      : TV -> V ;              -- "loves"
-  
-    PosVG,NegVG : VG -> VP ;             -- 
-
    - -

    - -

    Adverbs

    -

    -Here is how complex adverbs can be formed and used. -

    -    AdjAdv : AP -> AdV ;                 -- "freely", "more consciously than you"
-    PrepNP : Prep -> NP -> AdV ;         -- "in London", "after the war"
-  
-    AdvVP  : VP -> AdV -> VP ;           -- "always walks", "walks in the park" 
-    AdvCN  : CN -> AdV -> CN ;           -- "house in London", "house today"
-    AdvAP  : AdA -> AP -> AP ;           -- "very good"
-
    - -

    - -

    Sentences and relative clauses

    -

    -

    -    PredVP : NP -> VP -> S ;                     -- "John walks"
-    PosSlashTV,NegSlashTV : NP -> TV -> Slash ;  -- "John sees", "John doesn't see"
-    OneVP : VP -> S ;                            -- "one walks"
-    ThereNP : NP -> S ;                          -- "there is a bar","there are 86 bars"
-  
-    IdRP : RP ;                              -- "which"
-    FunRP : Fun -> RP -> RP ;                -- "the successor of which"
-    RelVP : RP -> VP -> RC ;                 -- "who walks", "who doesn't walk"
-    RelSlash : RP -> Slash -> RC ;           -- "that I wait for"/"for which I wait" 
-    ModRC : CN -> RC -> CN ;                 -- "man who walks"
-    RelSuch : S -> RC ;                      -- "such that it is even"
-
    - -

    - -

    Questions and imperatives

    -

    -

    -    WhoOne, WhoMany : IP ;                   -- "who (is)", "who (are)"
-    WhatOne, WhatMany : IP ;                 -- "what (is)", "what (are)"
-    FunIP : Fun -> IP -> IP ;                -- "the mother of whom"
-    NounIPOne, NounIPMany : CN -> IP ;       -- "which car", "which cars"
-  
-    QuestVP : NP -> VP -> Qu ;               -- "does John walk"; "doesn't John walk"
-    IntVP : IP -> VP -> Qu ;                 -- "who walks"
-    IntSlash : IP -> Slash -> Qu ;           -- "whom does John see"
-    QuestAdv : IAdv -> NP -> VP -> Qu ;      -- "why do you walk"
-    IsThereNP : NP -> Qu ;                   -- "is there a bar", "are there (86) bars"
-  
-    ImperVP : VP -> Imp ;                    -- "be a man"
-  
-    IndicPhrase : S -> Phr ;                 -- "I walk."
-    QuestPhrase : Qu -> Phr ;                -- "Do I walk?"
-    ImperOne, ImperMany : Imp -> Phr ;       -- "Be a man!", "Be men!"
-  
-    AdvS : AdS -> S -> Phr ;                 -- "Therefore, 2 is prime."
-
    - -

    - -

    Coordination

    -

    -We consider n-ary coordination, with n > 1. To this end, we have introduced -a list category ListX for each category X whose expressions we want to -conjoin. Each list category has two constructors, the base case being TwoX. -We have not defined coordination of all possible categories here, -since it can be tricky in many languages. For instance, VP coordination -is linguistically problematic in German because VP is a discontinuous -category. -

    -    ConjS  : Conj -> ListS -> S ;            -- "John walks and Mary runs"
-    ConjAP : Conj -> ListAP -> AP ;          -- "even and prime"
-    ConjNP : Conj -> ListNP -> NP ;          -- "John or Mary"
-  
-    ConjDS  : ConjD -> ListS -> S ;          -- "either John walks or Mary runs"
-    ConjDAP : ConjD -> ListAP -> AP ;        -- "both even and prime"
-    ConjDNP : ConjD -> ListNP -> NP ;        -- "either John or Mary"
-  
-    TwoS  : S -> S -> ListS ;
-    ConsS : ListS -> S -> ListS ;
-  
-    TwoAP  : AP -> AP -> ListAP ;
-    ConsAP : ListAP -> AP -> ListAP ;
-  
-    TwoNP  : NP -> NP -> ListNP ;
-    ConsNP : ListNP -> NP -> ListNP ;
-
    - -

    - -

    Subordination

    -

    -Subjunctions are different from conjunctions, but form -a uniform category among themselves. -

    -    SubjS     : Subj -> S -> S -> S ;        -- "if 2 is odd, 3 is even"
-    SubjImper : Subj -> S -> Imp -> Imp ;    -- "if it is hot, use a glove!"
-    SubjQu    : Subj -> S -> Qu -> Qu ;      -- "if you are new, who are you?"
-    SubjVP    : VP -> Subj -> S -> VP ;      -- "(a man who) sings when he runs"
-
    - -

    - -

    One-word utterances

    -

    -These are, more generally, one-phrase utterances. The list below -is very incomplete. -

    -    PhrNP   : NP -> Phr ;                    -- "Some man.", "John."
-    PhrOneCN, PhrManyCN : CN -> Phr ;        -- "A car.", "Cars."
-    PhrIP   : IAdv -> Phr ;                  -- "Who?"
-    PhrIAdv : IAdv -> Phr ;                  -- "Why?"
-
    - -

    - -

    Text formation

    -

    -A text is a sequence of phrases. It is defined like a non-empty list. -

    -    OnePhr  : Phr -> Text ;
-    ConsPhr : Phr -> Text -> Text ;
-  
-  } ;
-
    - - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsEng.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsEng.html deleted file mode 100644 index b05c0ad39..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsEng.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,211 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -

    English Lexical Paradigms

    -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, Structural.gf. -

    -The main difference with MorphoEng.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, rather -than stems, as string -arguments of the paradigms. -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsEng = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxEng, ResourceEng in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    human    : Gender ;
-    nonhuman : Gender ;
-
    - -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. -
    -    nominative : Case ;
-    genitive   : Case ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: give all four forms and the semantic gender. -In practice the worst case is just: give singular and plural nominative. -
    -  oper
-    mkN  : (man,men,man's,men's : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
-    nMan : (man,men : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
-
    - -Regular nouns, nouns ending with s, y, or o, and nouns with the same -plural form as the singular. -
    -    nReg   : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- dog, dogs
-    nKiss  : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- kiss, kisses
-    nFly   : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- fly, flies
-    nHero  : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- hero, heroes (= nKiss !)
-    nSheep : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- sheep, sheep
-
    - -These use general heuristics, that recognizes the last letter. N.B it -does not get right with boy, rush, since it only looks at one letter. -
    -    nHuman    : Str -> N ;  -- gambler/actress/nanny
-    nNonhuman : Str -> N ;  -- dog/kiss/fly
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is of. -
    -    mkFun : N -> Preposition -> Fun ;
-  
-    funHuman    : Str -> Fun ;  -- the father/mistress/daddy of 
-    funNonhuman : Str -> Fun ;  -- the successor/address/copy of 
-
    - -Proper names, with their regular genitive. -
    -    pnReg : (John : Str) -> PN ;          -- John, John's
-
    - -The most common cases on the higher-level category CN have shortcuts. -The regular y/s variation is taken into account. -
    -    cnNonhuman : Str -> CN ;
-    cnHuman    : Str -> CN ;
-    npReg      : Str -> NP ;
-
    - -In some cases, you may want to make a complex CN into a function. -
    -    mkFunCN  : CN -> Preposition -> Fun ;
-    funOfCN : CN -> Fun ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives just have one form. -
    -    mkAdj1 : (even : Str) -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition as second argument. -
    -    mkAdj2 : (divisible, by : Str) -> Adj2 ;
-
    - -Comparison adjectives have three forms. The common irregular -cases are ones ending with y and a consonant that is duplicated; -the y ending is recognized by the function aReg. -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (good,better,best : Str) -> AdjDeg ;
-  
-    aReg        : (long  : Str) -> AdjDeg ;      -- long, longer, longest
-    aFat        : (fat   : Str) -> AdjDeg ;      -- fat, fatter, fattest
-    aRidiculous : (ridiculous : Str) -> AdjDeg ; -- -/more/most ridiculous
-
    - -On higher level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. -
    -    apReg : Str -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Adverbs

    -Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position not -before the verb. Some can be preverbal (e.g. always). -
    -    mkAdv    : Str -> AdV ;
-    mkAdvPre : Str -> AdV ;
-
    - -Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed. -
    -    mkAdA : Str -> AdA ;
-    mkAdS : Str -> AdS ;
-
    - -Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. -
    -    mkPP : Str -> NP -> AdV ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment now has all verb forms, except the gerund/present participle. -Except for be, the worst case needs four forms: the infinitive and -the third person singular present, the past indicative, and the past participle. -

    -    mkV   : (go, goes, went, gone : Str) -> V ;
-  
-    vReg  : (walk : Str) -> V ;  -- walk, walks
-    vKiss : (kiss : Str) -> V ;  -- kiss, kisses
-    vFly  : (fly  : Str) -> V ;  -- fly, flies
-    vGo   : (go   : Str) -> V ;  -- go, goes (= vKiss !)
-
    - -This generic function recognizes the special cases where the last -character is y, s, or z. It is not right for finish and convey. -
    -    vGen : Str -> V ; -- walk/kiss/fly
-
    - -The verbs be and have are special. -
    -    vBe   : V ;
-    vHave : V ;
-
    - -Verbs with a particle. -
    -    vPart    : (go, goes, went, gone, up : Str) -> V ;
-    vPartReg : (get,      up : Str) -> V ;    
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. -Notice that a particle can already be included in V. -
    -    mkTV  : V -> Str -> TV ;              -- look for, kill
-  
-    tvGen    : (look, for : Str) -> TV ;  -- look for, talk about
-    tvDir    : V                 -> TV ;  -- switch off
-    tvGenDir : (kill      : Str) -> TV ;  -- kill
-
    - -Regular two-place verbs with a particle. -
    -    tvPartReg : Str -> Str -> Str -> TV ; -- get, along, with
-
    - -Ditransitive verbs. -
    -    mkV3     : V -> Str -> Str -> V3 ;    -- speak, with, about
-    v3Dir    : V -> Str -> V3 ;           -- give,_,to
-    v3DirDir : V -> V3 ;                  -- give,_,_
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFin.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFin.html deleted file mode 100644 index 7b2508846..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFin.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,268 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    Finnish Lexical Paradigms

    - -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, Structural.gf. -

    -The main difference with MorphoFin.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, not -stems, as string arguments of the paradigms, not stems. -

    -This is the path to read the grammar from the same directory. -# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsFin = open Prelude, SyntaxFin, ResourceFin in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender, number, and (some) case names, -we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    human    : Gender ;
-    nonhuman : Gender ;
-  
-    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-  
-    nominative : Case ; 
-    genitive   : Case ; 
-    partitive  : Case ; 
-    inessive   : Case ; 
-    elative    : Case ; 
-    illative   : Case ; 
-    adessive   : Case ; 
-    ablative   : Case ; 
-    allative   : Case ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: give ten forms and the semantic gender. -In practice just a couple of forms are needed, to define the different -stems, vowel alternation, and vowel harmony. -
    -  oper
-    mkN : 
-      (talo,talon,talona,taloa,taloon,taloina,taloissa,talojen,taloja,taloihin 
-            : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
-
    - -Nouns with partitive a/ä are a large group. -To determine for grade and vowel alternation, three forms are usually needed: -singular nominative and genitive, and plural partitive. -Examples: talo, kukko, huippu, koira, kukka, syylä, särki... -
    -    nKukko : (kukko,kukon,kukkoja : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -For convenience, we define 1-argument paradigms as producing the -nonhuman gender; the following function changes this: -
    -    humanN : N -> N ;
-
    - -A special case are nouns with no alternations: -the vowel harmony is inferred from the last letter, -which must be one of o, u, ö, y. -
    -    nTalo : (talo : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Another special case are nouns where the last two consonants -undergo regular weak-grade alternation: -kukko - kukon, rutto - ruton, hyppy - hypyn, sampo - sammon, -kunto - kunnon, sisältö - sisällön, . -
    -    nLukko : (lukko : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -arpi - arven, sappi - sapen, kampi - kammen;sylki - syljen -
    -    nArpi  : (arpi : Str) -> N ;
-    nSylki : (sylki : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Foreign words ending in consonants are actually similar to words like -malli/mallin/malleja, with the exception that the i is not attached -to the singular nominative. Examples: linux, savett, screen. -The singular partitive form is used to get the vowel harmony. (N.B. more than -1-syllabic words ending in n would have variant plural genitive and -partitive forms, like sultanien/sultaneiden, which are not covered.) -
    -    nLinux : (linuxia : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Nouns of at least 3 syllables ending with a or ä, like peruna, tavara, -rytinä. -
    -    nPeruna : (peruna : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -The following paradigm covers both nouns ending in an aspirated e, such as -rae, perhe, savuke, and also many ones ending in a consonant -(rengas, kätkyt). The singular nominative and essive are given. -
    -    nRae : (rae, rakeena : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -The following covers nouns with partitive ta/tä, such as -susi, vesi, pieni. To get all stems and the vowel harmony, it takes -the singular nominative, genitive, and essive. -
    -    nSusi : (susi,suden,sutta : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Nouns ending with a long vowel, such as puu, pää, pii, leikkuu, -are inflected according to the following. -
    -    nPuu : (puu : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -One-syllable diphthong nouns, such as suo, tie, työ, are inflected by -the following. -
    -    nSuo : (suo : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Many adjectives but also nouns have the nominative ending nen which in other -cases becomes s: nainen, ihminen, keltainen. -To capture the vowel harmony, we use the partitive form as the argument. -
    -    nNainen : (naista : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -The following covers some nouns ending with a consonant, e.g. -tilaus, kaulin, paimen, laidun. -
    -    nTilaus : (tilaus,tilauksena : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Special case: -
    -    nKulaus : (kulaus : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -The following covers nouns like nauris and adjectives like kallis, tyyris. -The partitive form is taken to get the vowel harmony. -
    -    nNauris : (naurista : Str) -> N ;
-
    - -Separately-written compound nouns, like sambal oelek, Urho Kekkonen, -have only their last part inflected. -
    -    nComp : Str -> N -> N ;
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a case, of which by far the commonest is -the genitive. -
    -    mkFun : N -> Case -> Fun ;
-    fGen  : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names can be formed by using declensions for nouns. -The plural forms are filtered away by the compiler. -
    -    mkPN  : N -> PN ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives are just like nouns. -
    -    mkAdj1 : N -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a case for the second argument. -
    -    mkAdj2 : N -> Case -> Adj2 ;
-
    - -Comparison adjectives have three forms. The comparative and the superlative -are always inflected in the same way, so the nominative of them is actually -enough (except for the superlative paras of hyvä). -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (kiva : N) -> (kivempaa,kivinta : Str) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. -The worst case needs five forms, as shown in the following. -

    -    mkV   : (tulla,tulen,tulee,tulevat,tulkaa,tullaan : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -A simple special case is the one with just one stem and no grade alternation. -It covers e.g. sanoa, valua, kysyä. -
    -    vValua : (valua : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -With two forms, the following function covers a variety of verbs, such as -ottaa, käyttää, löytää, huoltaa, hiihtää, siirtää. -
    -    vKattaa : (kattaa, katan : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -When grade alternation is not present, just a one-form special case is needed -(poistaa, ryystää). -
    -    vOstaa : (ostaa : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -The following covers -juosta, piestä, nousta, rangaista, kävellä, surra, panna. -
    -    vNousta : (nousta, nousen : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -This is for one-syllable diphthong verbs like juoda, syödä. -
    -    vTuoda : (tuoda : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -The verbs be and the negative auxiliary are special. -
    -    vOlla : V ;
-    vEi   : V ;
-
    - -Two-place verbs need a case, and can have a pre- or postposition. -At least one of the latter is empty, []. -
    -    mkTV : V -> Case -> (prep,postp : Str) -> TV ;
-
    - -If both are empty, the following special function can be used. -
    -    tvCase : V -> Case -> TV ;
-
    - -Verbs with a direct (accusative) object -are special, since their complement case is finally decided in syntax. -
    -    tvDir : V -> TV ;
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFre.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFre.html deleted file mode 100644 index 29f8f87ec..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsFre.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,175 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude -

    French Lexical Paradigms

    -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, resource.Abs.gf. -

    -The main difference with MorphoFre.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string -arguments of the paradigms. -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsFre = 
-    open Prelude, (Types = TypesFre), SyntaxFre, MorphoFre, 
-    ResourceFre in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    masculine : Gender ;
-    feminine  : Gender ;
-
    - -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. (Except for -some pronouns, the accusative is equal to the nominative, the -dative is formed by the preposition à, and the genitive by the -preposition de.) -
    -    nominative : Case ;
-    accusative : Case ;
-    dative     : Case ;
-    genitive   : Case ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: two forms (singular + plural), -and the gender. -
    -    mkN  : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ;   -- oeil, yeux, masculine
-
    - -Often it is enough with one form. Some of them have a typical gender. -
    -    nReg    : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- regular, e.g. maison, (maisons,) feminine
-    nEau    : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- eau, (eaux,) feminine
-    nCas    : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- cas, (cas,) masculine
-    nCheval : Str -> N ;           -- cheval, (chevaux, masculine)
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a case and a preposition. The most common is de. -
    -    funPrep : N -> Preposition -> Fun ;
-    funCase : N -> Case -> Fun ;
-    funDe   : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names, with their gender. -
    -    mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ; -- Jean, masculine
-
    - -On the top level, it is maybe CN that is used rather than N, and -NP rather than PN. -
    -    mkCN  : N -> CN ;
-    mkNP  : Str -> Gender -> NP ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives need three forms in the worst case. -A parameter tells if they are pre- or postpositions in modification. -
    -    Position : Type ;
-    prepos   : Position ;  
-    postpos  : Position ;  
-  
-    mkAdj1 : (bon, bonne, bons, bien : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Usually it is enough to give the two singular forms. Fully regular adjectives -only need the masculine singular form. -
    -    adj1Reg  : Str -> Position -> Adj1 ;
-    adj1Cher : (cher, chère : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. -
    -    mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Preposition -> Case -> Adj2 ;  -- divisible par
-
    - -Comparison adjectives may need two adjectives, corresponding to the -positive and other forms. -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (bon, meilleur : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by -the particle plus. -
    -    aReg : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ;     -- lent (, plus lent)
-
    - -On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. -
    -    apReg : Str -> Position -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. -These are examples of standard conjugations are available. The full list -of Bescherelle conjugations is given in MorphoFra.gf, with all forms -(their type is Verbum). The present-tense forms can be extracted by the -function extractVerb. -

    -    vAimer   : Str -> V ;
-    vFinir   : Str -> V ;
-    vDormir  : Str -> V ;
-    vCourir  : Str -> V ;
-    vVenir   : Str -> V ;
-  
-    extractVerb : Verbum -> V ;
-
    - -The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. -
    -    vEtre  : V ;
-    vAvoir : V ;
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that -a particle can be included in a V. -
    -    mkTV  : V -> Preposition -> Case -> TV ;
-    tvDir : V -> TV ;  
-
    - -The idiom with avoir and an invariable noun, such as peur, faim, -and a two-place variant with de + complement. -
    -    avoirChose   : Str -> V ;
-    avoirChoseDe : Str -> TV ;
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsGer.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsGer.html deleted file mode 100644 index 262349ed7..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsGer.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,273 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -

    German Lexical Paradigms

    -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, Resource.gf. -Their original typings via abstract syntax are in -Structural.gf, which also contains documentation. -

    -The main difference with MorphoGer.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string -arguments of the paradigms. -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsGer = 
-    open Prelude, (Morpho=MorphoGer), SyntaxGer, ResourceGer in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    masculine : Gender ;
-    feminine  : Gender ;
-    neuter    : Gender ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. -
    -    nominative : Case ;
-    accusative : Case ;
-    dative     : Case ;
-    genitive   : Case ;
-
    - -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: give all four singular forms, two plural forms (others + dative), -and the gender. -
    -    mkN  : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ; 
-                                   -- mann, mann, manne, mannes, männer, männern
-
    - -Often it is enough with singular and plural nominatives, and singular -genitive. The plural dative -is computed by the heuristic that it is the same as the nominative this -ends with n or s, otherwise n is added. -
    -    nGen : Str -> Str -> Str ->  Gender -> N ; -- punkt,punktes,punkt
-
    - -Here are some common patterns. Singular nominative or two nominatives are needed. -Two forms are needed in case of Umlaut, which would be complicated to define. -For the same reason, we have separate patterns for multisyllable stems. - -The weak masculine pattern nSoldat avoids duplicating the final e. -
    -    nRaum   : (_,_ : Str) -> N ;    -- Raum, (Raumes,) Räume (masc)
-    nTisch  : Str -> N ;            -- Tisch, (Tisches, Tische) (masc)
-    nVater  : (_,_ : Str) -> N ;    -- Vater, (Vaters,) Väter (masc)
-    nFehler : Str -> N ;            -- Fehler, (fehlers, Fehler) (masc)
-    nSoldat : Str -> N ;            -- Soldat (, Soldaten) ; Kunde (, Kunden) (masc)
-
    - -Neuter patterns. -
    -    nBuch   : (_,_ : Str) -> N ;    -- Buch, (Buches, Bücher) (neut)
-    nMesser : Str -> N ;            -- Messer, (Messers, Messer) (neut)
-    nAuto   : Str -> N ;            -- Auto, (Autos, Autos) (neut)
-
    - -Feminine patterns. Duplicated e is avoided in nFrau. -
    -    nHand   : (_,_ : Str) -> N ;    -- Hand, Hände; Mutter, Mütter (fem)
-    nFrau   : Str -> N ;            -- Frau (, Frauen) ; Wiese (, Wiesen) (fem)
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is von. -
    -    mkFun  : N -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ;
-    funVon : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names, with their possibly -irregular genitive. The regular genitive is s, omitted after s. -
    -    mkPN  : (karolus, karoli : Str) -> PN ; -- karolus, karoli
-    pnReg : (Johann : Str) -> PN ;          -- Johann, Johanns ; Johannes, Johannes
-
    - -On the top level, it is maybe CN that is used rather than N, and -NP rather than PN. -
    -    mkCN  : N -> CN ;
-    mkNP  : (karolus,karoli : Str) -> NP ;
-  
-    npReg : Str -> NP ;   -- Johann, Johanns
-
    - -In some cases, you may want to make a complex CN into a function. -
    -    mkFunCN  : CN -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ;
-    funVonCN : CN -> Fun ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives need two forms in the worst case: -the one in predication and the one before the ending e. -
    -    mkAdj1 : (teuer,teur : Str) -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Invariable adjective are a special case. -
    -    adjInvar : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- prima
-
    - -The following heuristic recognizes the the end of the word, and builds -the second form depending on if it is e, er, or something else. -N.B. a contraction is made with er, which works for teuer but not -for bitter. -
    -    adjGen : Str -> Adj1 ;            -- gut; teuer; böse
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. -
    -    mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Str -> Case -> Adj2 ;  -- teilbar, durch, acc
-
    - -Comparison adjectives may need three adjective, corresponding to the -three comparison forms. -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (gut,besser,best : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -In many cases, each of these adjectives is itself regular. Then we only -need three strings. Notice that contraction with er is not performed -(bessere, not bessre). -
    -    aDeg3 : (gut,besser,best : Str) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by -the endings er and st. -
    -    aReg : Str -> AdjDeg ;    -- billig, billiger, billigst
-
    - -The past participle of a verb can be used as an adjective. -
    -    aPastPart : V -> Adj1 ;   -- gefangen
-
    - -On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. The variation in adjGen is taken -into account. -
    -    apReg : Str -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. -It also has the infinitive and the past participles. -The worst case macro needs four forms: : the infinitive and -the third person singular (where Umlaut may occur), the singular imperative, -and the past participle. - -The function recognizes if the stem ends with s or t and performs the -appropriate contractions. -

    -    mkV : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ;   -- geben, gibt, gib, gegeben
-
    - -Regular verbs are those where no Umlaut occurs. -
    -    vReg  : Str -> V ;             -- führen
-
    - -The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. -
    -    vSein  : V ;
-    vHaben : V ;
-
    - -Some irregular verbs. -
    -    vFahren : V ;
-
    - -Verbs with a detachable particle, with regular ones as a special case. -
    -    vPart    :  (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ;     -- sehen, sieht, sieh, gesehen, aus
-    vPartReg :  (_,_     : Str) -> V ;       -- bringen, um
-    mkVPart  :  V -> Str -> V ;              -- vFahren, aus
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that -a particle can be included in a V. -
    -    mkTV     : V   -> Str -> Case -> TV ;    -- hören, zu, dative
-  
-    tvReg    : Str -> Str -> Case -> TV ;    -- hören, zu, dative
-    tvDir    : V -> TV ;                     -- umbringen
-    tvDirReg : Str -> TV ;                   -- lieben
-
    - -Three-place verbs require two prepositions and cases. -
    -    mkV3 : V -> Str -> Case -> Str -> Case -> V3 ;  -- geben,[],dative,[],accusative
-
    - -Sentence-complement verbs are just verbs. -
    -    mkVS : V -> VS ;
-
    - -Verb-complement verbs either need the zu particle or don't. -The ones that don't are usually auxiliary verbs. -
    -    vsAux : V -> VV ;
-    vsZu  : V -> VV ;
-
    - -

    Adverbials

    -

    -Adverbials for modifying verbs, adjectives, and sentences can be formed -from strings. -

    -    mkAdV : Str -> AdV ;
-    mkAdA : Str -> AdA ;
-    mkAdS : Str -> AdS ;
-
    - -Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. -
    -    mkPP : Case -> Str -> NP -> AdV ;
-
    - -One can also use the function ResourceGer.PrepNP with one of the given -prepositions or a preposition formed by giving a string and a case: -
    -    mkPrep : Str -> Case -> Prep ;
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsIta.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsIta.html deleted file mode 100644 index c5131e399..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsIta.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,192 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude -

    Italian Lexical Paradigms

    -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, resource.Abs.gf. -

    -The main difference with MorphoIta.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string -arguments of the paradigms. -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsIta = 
-    open Prelude, (Types = TypesIta), SyntaxIta, MorphoIta, 
-    ResourceIta in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    masculine : Gender ;
-    feminine  : Gender ;
-
    - -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. (Except for -some pronouns, the accusative is equal to the nominative, the -dative is formed by the preposition a, and the genitive by the -preposition di.) -
    -    nominative : Case ;
-    accusative : Case ;
-    dative     : Case ;
-    genitive   : Case ;
-  
-    prep_a   : Case ;
-    prep_di  : Case ;
-    prep_da  : Case ;
-    prep_in  : Case ;
-    prep_su  : Case ;
-    prep_con : Case ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: two forms (singular + plural), -and the gender. -
    -    mkN  : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ;   -- uomo, uomini, masculine
-
    - -Often it is enough with one form. If it ends with -o or a, no gender is needed; if with something else, -the gender must be given. -
    -    nVino  : Str -> N ;           -- vino (, vini, masculine)
-    nRana  : Str -> N ;           -- rana (, rane, feminine)
-    nSale  : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- sale (, sali), masculine
-    nTram  : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- tram (, tram), masculine
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a case and a preposition. The most common is di. -Recall that the prepositions a, di, da, in, su, con are treated -as part of the case (cf. above). -
    -    funPrep : N -> Preposition -> Fun ;
-    funCase : N -> Case -> Fun ;
-    funDi   : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names, with their gender. -
    -    mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ; -- Giovanni, masculine
-
    - -On the top level, it is maybe CN that is used rather than N, and -NP rather than PN. -
    -    mkCN  : N -> CN ;
-    mkNP  : Str -> Gender -> NP ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives need four forms in the worst case. -A parameter tells if they are pre- or postpositions in modification. -
    -    Position : Type ;
-    prepos : Position ;  
-    postpos : Position ;  
-  
-    mkAdj1 : (solo,sola,soli,sole,solamente : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Adjectives ending with o and e, and invariable adjectives, -are the most important regular patterns. -
    -    adj1Solo : (solo : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ;
-    adj1Tale : (tale : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ;
-    adj1Blu  : (blu  : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ;
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. -
    -    mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Preposition -> Case -> Adj2 ;  -- divisibile per
-
    - -Comparison adjectives may need two adjectives, corresponding to the -positive and other forms. -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (buono, migliore : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by -the particle più. -
    -    aSolo : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ;    -- lento (, più lento)
-    aTale : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ;    -- grave (, più grave)
-    aBlu  : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ;    -- blu   (, più blu)
-
    - -On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. -
    -    apSolo : Str -> Position -> AP ;
-    apTale : Str -> Position -> AP ;
-    apBlu  : Str -> Position -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. -The worst case needs nine forms (and is not very user-friendly). -

    -    mkV : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -These are examples of standard conjugations. Other conjugations -can be extracted from the Italian functional morphology, which has full -Bescherelle tables. -
    -    vAmare   : Str -> V ;
-    vDormire : Str -> V ;
-    vFinire  : Str -> V ;
-    vCorrere : (_,_ : Str) -> V ;
-
    - -The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. -
    -    vEssere  : V ;
-    vAvere   : V ;
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that -a particle can be included in a V. -
    -    mkTV  : V -> Preposition -> Case -> TV ;
-    tvDir : V -> TV ;  
-
    - -The idiom with avere and an invariable noun, such as paura, fame, -and a two-place variant with di + complement. -
    -    averCosa   : Str -> V ;
-    averCosaDi : Str -> TV ;
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsRus.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsRus.html deleted file mode 100644 index 2de910e3b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsRus.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,238 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -

    Russian Lexical Paradigms

    - -Aarne Ranta, Janna Khegai 2003 - -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, resource.Abs.gf. - - -The following files are presupposed: -
    -  resource ParadigmsRus = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxRus, ResourceRus in {
-  
-  flags  coding=utf8 ;
-
    - -

    Parameters

    - -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -
    -  oper
-    masculine : Gender ;
-    feminine  : Gender ;
-    neuter    : Gender ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. -
    -    nominative    : Case ;
-    genitive      : Case ;
-    dative        : Case ;
-    accusative    : Case ; 
-    instructive   : Case ;
-    prepositional : Case ;
-
    - -In some (written in English) textbooks accusative case -is put on the second place. However, we follow the case order -standard for Russian textbooks. -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Best case: indeclinabe nouns: кофе, пальто, ВУЗ. -
    -     mkIndeclinableNoun: Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ; 
-
    - -Worst case - give six singular forms: -Nominative, Genetive, Dative, Accusative, Instructive and Prepositional; -corresponding six plural forms and the gender. -May be the number of forms needed can be reduced, -but this requires a separate investigation. -Animacy parameter (determining whether the Accusative form is equal -to the Nominative or the Genetive one) is actually of no help, -since there are a lot of exceptions and the gain is just one form less. -
    -    mkN  : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ; 
-  
-       -- мужчина, мужчины, мужчине, мужчину, мужчиной, мужчине
-       -- мужчины, мужчин, мужчинам, мужчин, мужчинами, мужчинах
-
    - -Here are some common patterns. The list is far from complete. -Feminine patterns. -
    -    nMashina   : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-а", Inst -"машин-ой"
-    nEdinica   : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-а", Inst -"единиц-ей"
-    nZhenchina : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, animate, ending with "-a"
-    nNoga      : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "г_к_х-a"
-    nMalyariya  : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-иÑ"   
-    nTetya     : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, animate, ending with "-Ñ"   
-    nBol       : Str -> N ;    -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-ь"(soft sign)     
-
    - -Neuter patterns. -
    -    nObezbolivauchee : Str -> N ;   -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-ee" 
-    nProizvedenie : Str -> N ;   -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-e" 
-    nChislo : Str -> N ;   -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-o" 
-
    - -Masculine patterns. -
    -    nStomatolog : Str -> N ;    -- masculine, animate, ending with consonant
-  
-                                -- the next two differ only in 
-                                -- plural nominative (= accusative) form(s) :
-    nAdres     : Str -> N ;     -- адреÑ-а
-    nTelefon   : Str -> N ;     -- телефон-ы
-                                -- masculine, inanimate, ending with consonant
-  
-    nNol       : Str -> N ;    -- masculine, inanimate, ending with "-ь" (soft sign)
-    nUroven    : Str -> N ;    -- masculine, inanimate, ending with "-ень"
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is with Genitive. -
    -    mkFun  : N -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ;
-    funGen : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names. -
    -    mkPN  : Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> PN ;          -- "Иван", "Маша"
-
    - -On the top level, it is maybe CN that is used rather than N, and -NP rather than PN. -
    -    mkCN  : N -> CN ;
-    mkNP  : Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> NP ;
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison (only positive degree) one-place adjectives need 28 (4 by 7) -forms in the worst case: -Masculine | Feminine | Neutral | Plural -Nominative -Genitive -Dative -Accusative Inanimate -Accusative Animate -Instructive -Prepositional -Notice that 4 short forms, which exist for some adjectives are not included -in the current description, otherwise there would be 32 forms for -positive degree. -mkAdj1 : ( : Str) -> Adj1 ; -Invariable adjective is a special case. -
    -     adjInvar : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- khaki, mini, hindi, netto
-
    - -Some regular patterns depending on the ending. -
    -     adj1Staruyj : Str -> Adj1 ;             -- ending with "-ый"
-     adj1Malenkij : Str -> Adj1 ;            -- endign with "-ий"
-     adj1Molodoj : Str -> Adj1 ;             -- ending with "-ой", 
-                                             -- plural - молод-ые"
-     adj1Kakoj_Nibud : Str -> Str -> Adj1 ;  -- ending with "-ой", 
-                                             -- plural - "как-ие"
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. -
    -     mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Str -> Case -> Adj2 ;  -- "делим на"
-
    - -Comparison adjectives need a positive adjective -(28 forms without short forms). -Taking only one comparative form (non-syntaxic) and -only one superlative form (syntaxic) we can produce the -comparison adjective with only one extra argument - -non-syntaxic comparative form. -Syntaxic forms are based on the positive forms. -
    -     mkAdjDeg : Adj1 -> Str -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. -
    -     ap : Adj1  -> IsPostfixAdj -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    - -In our lexicon description (Verbum) there are 62 forms: -2 (Voice) by { 1 (infinitive) + [2(number) by 3 (person)](imperative) + -[ [2(Number) by 3(Person)](present) + [2(Number) by 3(Person)](future) + -4(GenNum)(past) ](indicative)+ 4 (GenNum) (subjunctive) } -Participles (Present and Past) and Gerund forms are not included, -since they fuction more like Adjectives and Adverbs correspondingly -rather than verbs. Aspect regarded as an inherent parameter of a verb. -Notice, that some forms are never used for some verbs. Actually, -the majority of verbs do not have many of the forms. -The worst case need 6 forms of the present tense in indicative mood -(Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ³Ñƒ, Ñ‚Ñ‹ бежишь, он бежит, мы бежим, вы бежите, они бегут), -a past form (singular, masculine: Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ¶Ð°Ð»), an imperative form -(singular, second person: беги), an infinitive (бежать). -Inherent aspect should also be specified. -
    -     mkVerbum : Aspect -> (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum ;
-
    - -Common conjugation patterns are two conjugations: -first - verbs ending with -ать/-ÑÑ‚ÑŒ and second - -ить/-еть. -Instead of 6 present forms of the worst case, we only need -a present stem and one ending (singular, first person): -Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±-лю, Ñ Ð¶Ð´-у, etc. To determine where the border -between stem and ending lies it is sufficient to compare -first person from with second person form: -Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±-лю, Ñ‚Ñ‹ люб-ишь. Stems shoud be the same. -So the definition for verb любить looks like: -mkRegVerb Imperfective Second люб лю любил люби любить; -
    -     mkRegVerb :Aspect -> Conjugation -> (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum ; 
-
    - -For writing an application grammar one usualy doesn't need -the whole inflection table, since each verb is used in -a particular context that determines some of the parameters -(Tense and Voice while Aspect is fixed from the beginning) for certain usage. -The V type, that have these parameters fixed. -We can extract the V from the lexicon. -
    -     mkV: Verbum -> Voice -> Tense -> V ;
-     mkPresentV: Verbum -> Voice -> V ;
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that -a particle can be included in a V. -
    -     mkTV     : V   -> Str -> Case -> TV ;   -- "войти в дом"; "в", accusative
-     tvDir    : V -> TV ;                    -- "видеть", "любить"
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsSwe.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsSwe.html deleted file mode 100644 index c233e32c6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/ParadigmsSwe.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,217 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -

    Swedish Lexical Paradigms

    -

    -Aarne Ranta 2003 -

    -This is an API to the user of the resource grammar -for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming -expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. - -Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are -accessed through the resource syntax API, Structural.gf. -

    -The main difference with MorphoSwe.gf is that the types -referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover -had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string -arguments of the paradigms. -

    -The following modules are presupposed: -

    -  resource ParadigmsSwe = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxSwe, ResourceSwe in {
-
    - -

    Parameters

    -

    -To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. -

    -  oper
-    utrum   : Gender ;
-    neutrum : Gender ;
-  
-    masculine    : Sex ;
-    nonmasculine : Sex ;
-
    - -To abstract over case names, we define the following. -
    -    nominative : Case ;
-    genitive   : Case ;
-
    - -To abstract over number names, we define the following. -
    -    singular : Number ;
-    plural   : Number ;
-
    - -

    Nouns

    -Worst case: give all nominative forms and the gender. -The genitive is formed automatically, even when the nominative -ends with an s. -
    -    mkN  : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Sex -> N ; 
-                                   -- man, mannen, män, männen
-
    - -Here are some common patterns, corresponding to school-gramamr declensions. -Except nPojke, nKarl, and nMurare, -they are defined to be nonmasculine, which means that they don't create -the definite adjective form with e but with a. -
    -    nApa    : Str -> N ;   -- apa    (apan, apor, aporna) ; utrum
-    nBil    : Str -> N ;   -- bil    (bilen, bilar, bilarna) ; utrum
-    nKarl   : Str -> N ;   -- karl   (karlen, karlar, karlarna) ; utrum ; masculine
-    nPojke  : Str -> N ;   -- pojke  (pojken, pojkar, pojkarna) ; utrum ; masculine
-    nNyckel : Str -> N ;   -- nyckel (nyckeln, nycklar, nycklarna) ; utrum
-    nRisk   : Str -> N ;   -- risk   (risken, risker, riskerna) ; utrum
-    nDike   : Str -> N ;   -- dike   (diket, diken, dikena) ; neutrum
-    nRep    : Str -> N ;   -- rep    (repet, rep, repen) ; neutrum
-    nPapper : Str -> N ;   -- papper (pappret, papper, pappren) ; neutrum
-    nMurare : Str -> N ;   -- murare (muraren, murare, murarna) ; utrum ; masculine
-    nKikare : Str -> N ;   -- kikare (kikaren, kikare, kikarna) ; utrum
-
    - -Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common ones are av, -på, and till. A preposition is a string. -
    -    mkFun   : N -> Str -> Fun ;
-    funAv   : N -> Fun ;
-    funPaa  : N -> Fun ;
-    funTill : N -> Fun ;
-
    - -Proper names, with their possibly -irregular genitive. The regular genitive is s, omitted after s. -
    -    mkPN  : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ;  -- Karolus, Karoli
-    pnReg : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ;          -- Johan,Johans ; Johannes, Johannes
-    pnS   : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ;          -- "Burger King(s)"
-
    - -On the top level, it is maybe CN that is used rather than N, and -NP rather than PN. -
    -    mkCN  : N -> CN ;
-    mkNP  : (Karolus, Karoli : Str) -> Gender -> NP ;
-  
-    npReg : Str -> Gender -> NP ;   -- Johann, Johanns
-
    - -

    Adjectives

    -Non-comparison one-place adjectives need four forms in the worst case: -strong singular, weak singular, plural. -
    -    mkAdj1 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj1 ; -- liten, litet, lilla, små
-
    - -Special cases needing one form each are: regular adjectives, -adjectives with unstressed e in the last syllable, those -ending with n as a further special case, and invariable -adjectives. -
    -    adjReg    : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- billig (billigt, billiga, billiga)
-    adjNykter : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- nykter (nyktert, nyktra, nyktra) 
-    adjGalen  : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- galen  (galet, galna, galna) 
-    adjInvar  : Str -> Adj1 ;          -- bra
-
    - -Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. -
    -    mkAdj2    : Adj1 -> Str -> Adj2 ;  -- delbar, med
-    mkAdj2Reg : Str  -> Str -> Adj2 ;  -- 
-
    - -Comparison adjectives may need the three four forms for the positive case, plus -three more forms for the comparison cases. -
    -    mkAdjDeg : (liten, litet, lilla, sma, mindre, minst, minsta : Str) -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -Some comparison adjectives are completely regular. -
    -    aReg : Str -> AdjDeg ;
-
    - -On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is -just to use a one-place adjective. The variation in adjGen is taken -into account. -
    -    apReg : Str -> AP ;
-
    - -

    Adverbs

    -Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position not -before the verb. Some can be preverbal (e.g. alltid). -
    -    mkAdv : Str -> AdV ;
-    mkAdvPre : Str -> AdV ;
-
    - -Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed. -
    -    mkAdA : Str -> AdA ;
-    mkAdS : Str -> AdS ;
-
    - -Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. -
    -    mkPP : Str -> NP -> AdV ;
-
    - -

    Verbs

    -

    -The fragment only has present tense so far. -The worst case needs three forms: the infinitive, the indicative, and the -imperative. -

    -    mkV : (_,_,_ : Str) -> V ;   -- vara, är, var; trivas, trivs, trivs
-
    - -The main conjugations need one string each. -
    -    vKoka   : Str -> V ;          -- tala (talar, tala)
-    vSteka  : Str -> V ;          -- leka (leker, lek)
-    vBo     : Str -> V ;          -- bo   (bor, bo)
-  
-    vAndas  : Str -> V ;          -- andas [all forms the same: also "slåss"]
-    vTrivas : Str -> V ;          -- trivas (trivs, trivs)
-
    - -The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. -
    -    vVara  : V ;
-    vHa    : V ;
-
    - -Particle verbs are formed by putting together a verb and a particle. -If the verb already has a particle, it is replaced by the new one. -
    -    mkPartV : V -> Str -> V ;     -- stänga av ;
-
    - -Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. -
    -    mkTV     : V -> Str -> TV ;   -- tycka, om
-    tvDir    : V -> TV ;          -- gilla
-
    - -Ditransitive verbs. -
    -    mkV3     : V -> Str -> Str -> V3 ;   -- prata, med, om
-    v3Dir    : V -> Str -> V3 ;          -- ge,_,till
-    v3DirDir : V -> V3 ;                 -- ge,_,_
-
    - -The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are -hidden from the document. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Predication.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Predication.html deleted file mode 100644 index 8e0fe9342..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Predication.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,106 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    - -

    A Small Predication Library

    -

    -(c) Aarne Ranta 2003 under Gnu GPL. -

    -This library is built on a language-independent API of -resource grammars. It has a common part, the type signatures -(defined here), and language-dependent parts. The user of -the library should only have to look at the type signatures. -

    -  incomplete resource Predication = open Resource, ResourceExt in {
-
    - -We first define a set of predication patterns. -
    -  oper
-    predV1 : V -> NP -> S ;             -- one-place verb: "John walks"
-    predV2 : TV -> NP -> NP -> S ;      -- two-place verb: "John loves Mary"
-    predV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> NP -> S ;-- three-place verb: "John prefers Mary to Jane"
-    predVColl : V -> NP -> NP -> S ;    -- collective verb: "John and Mary fight"
-    predA1 : Adj1 -> NP -> S ;          -- one-place adjective: "John is old"
-    predA2 : Adj2 -> NP -> NP -> S ;    -- two-place adj: "John is married to Mary"
-    predAComp : AdjDeg -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- compar adj: "John is older than Mary"
-    predAColl : Adj1 -> NP -> NP -> S ; -- collective adj: "John and Mary are married"
-    predN1 : N -> NP -> S ;             -- one-place noun: "John is a man"
-    predN2 : Fun -> NP -> NP -> S ;     -- two-place noun: "John is a lover of Mary"
-    predNColl : N -> NP -> NP -> S ;    -- collective noun: "John and Mary are lovers"
-    predAdv : AdV -> NP -> S ;          -- adverb: "Joh is outside"
-
    - -Individual-valued function applications. -
    -    appFun1 : Fun -> NP -> NP ;          -- one-place function: "the successor of x"
-    appFun2 : Fun2 -> NP -> NP -> NP ;   -- two-place function: "the distance from x to y"
-    appFunColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- collective function: "the sum of x and y"
-
    - -Families of types, expressed by common nouns depending on arguments. -
    -    appFam1 : Fun -> NP -> CN ;          -- one-place family: "divisor of x"
-    appFamColl : Fun -> NP -> NP -> CN ; -- collective family: "path between x and y"
-
    - -Type constructor, similar to a family except that the argument is a type. -
    -    constrTyp1 : Fun -> CN -> CN ;
-
    - -Logical connectives on two sentences. -
    -    conjS : S -> S -> S ;
-    disjS : S -> S -> S ;
-    implS : S -> S -> S ;
-
    - -As an auxiliary, we need two-place conjunction of names (John and Mary), -used in collective predication. -
    -    conjNP : NP -> NP -> NP ;
-
    - ---------------------------- --- what follows should be an implementation of the preceding -
    -  oper
-    predV1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosV F) ;
-    predV2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosTV F y) ;
-    predV3 = \F, x, y, z -> PredVP x (PosVG (PredV3 F y z)) ;
-    predVColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosV F) ;
-    predA1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosA (AdjP1 F)) ;
-    predA2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosA (ComplAdj F y)) ;
-    predAComp = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosA (ComparAdjP F y)) ;
-    predAColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosA (AdjP1 F)) ;
-    predN1 = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosCN (UseN F)) ;
-    predN2 = \F, x, y -> PredVP x (PosCN (AppFun F y)) ;
-    predNColl = \F, x, y -> PredVP (conjNP x y) (PosCN (UseN F)) ;
-    predAdv = \F, x -> PredVP x (PosVG (PredAdV F)) ;
-  
-    appFun1 = \f, x -> DefOneNP (AppFun f x) ;
-    appFun2 = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun (AppFun2 f y) x) ;
-    appFunColl = \f, x, y -> DefOneNP (AppFun f (conjNP x y)) ;
-  
-    appFam1 = \F, x -> AppFun F x ;
-    appFamColl = \F, x, y -> AppFun F (conjNP x y) ;
-  
-    conjS = \A, B -> ConjS AndConj (TwoS A B) ;
-    disjS = \A, B -> ConjS OrConj (TwoS A B) ;
-    implS = \A, B -> SubjS IfSubj A B ;
-  
-    constrTyp1 = \F, A -> AppFun F (IndefManyNP A) ;
-  
-    conjNP = \x, y -> ConjNP AndConj (TwoNP x y) ;
-  
-  } ;
-
    - - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Structural.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Structural.html deleted file mode 100644 index 8c600f0cc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/Structural.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ - - - Produced by -gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator. -(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL. - -

    -

    GF Resource Grammar API for Structural Words

    - - -AR 21/11/2003 -

    -Here we have some words belonging to closed classes and appearing -in all languages we have considered. -Sometimes they are not really meaningful, e.g. TheyNP in French -should really be replaced by masculine and feminine variants. -

    -  abstract Structural = Combinations ** {
-  
-  fun
-
    - -

    - -

    Determiners and noun phrases

    -

    -Many plural determiners can take a numeral modifier. So can the plural -pronouns we and you. -

    -    EveryDet, WhichDet, AllMassDet,             -- every, sg which, sg all
-    SomeDet, AnyDet, NoDet,                     -- sg some, any, no
-    MostDet, MostsDet, ManyDet, MuchDet : Det ; -- sg most, pl most, many, much
-    ThisDet, ThatDet : Det ;                    -- this, that
-  
-    AllNumDet, WhichNumDet,                     -- pl all, which (86)
-    SomeNumDet, AnyNumDet, NoNumDet,            -- pl some, any, no
-    TheseNumDet, ThoseNumDet : Num -> Det ;     -- these, those (86)
-  
-    ThisNP, ThatNP : NP ;                       -- this, that
-    TheseNumNP, ThoseNumNP : Num -> NP ;        -- these, those (86)
-    INP, ThouNP, HeNP, SheNP, ItNP : NP ;       -- personal pronouns in singular
-    WeNumNP, YeNumNP : Num -> NP ;              -- these pronouns can take numeral 
-    TheyNP : NP ; YouNP : NP ;                  -- they, the polite you
-  
-    EverybodyNP, SomebodyNP, NobodyNP,          -- everybody, somebody, nobody
-    EverythingNP, SomethingNP, NothingNP : NP ; -- everything, something, nothing
-
    - -

    - -

    Auxiliary verbs

    -

    -Depending on language, all, some, or none of there verbs belong to -a separate class of auxiliary verbs. The list is incomplete. -

    -    CanVV, CanKnowVV, MustVV : VV ;             -- can (pouvoir,savoir), must
-    WantVV : VV ;                               -- want (to do)
-
    - -

    - -

    Adverbials

    -

    -

    -    WhenIAdv,WhereIAdv,WhyIAdv,HowIAdv : IAdv ; -- when, where, why, how
-    EverywhereNP, SomewhereNP,NowhereNP : AdV ; -- everywhere, somewhere, nowhere  
-    VeryAdv, TooAdv : AdA ;                     -- very, too
-    AlmostAdv, QuiteAdv : AdA ;                 -- almost, quite
-    OtherwiseAdv, ThereforeAdv : AdS ;          -- therefore, otherwise            
-
    - -

    - -

    Conjunctions and subjunctions

    -

    -

    -    AndConj, OrConj : Conj ;                    -- and, or
-    BothAnd, EitherOr, NeitherNor : ConjD ;     -- both-and, either-or, neither-nor
-    IfSubj, WhenSubj, AlthoughSubj : Subj ;     -- if, when, although
-
    - -

    - -

    Prepositions

    -

    -We have chosen a set of semantic relations expressible -by prepositions in some languages, by cases or postpositions in -others. Complement uses of prepositions are not included, and -should be treated by the use of many-place verbs, adjectives, and -functions. -

    -    InPrep, OnPrep, ToPrep, FromPrep,           -- spatial relations
-    ThroughPrep, AbovePrep, UnderPrep,
-    InFrontPrep, BehindPrep, BetweenPrep : Prep ;
-    BeforePrep, DuringPrep, AfterPrep : Prep ;  -- temporal relations
-    WithPrep, WithoutPrep, ByMeansPrep : Prep ; -- some other relations
-    PossessPrep : Prep ;                        -- possessive/genitive
-    PartPrep : Prep ;                           -- partitive "of" ("bottle of wine")
-    AgentPrep : Prep ;                          -- agent "by" in passive constructions
-
    - -

    - -

    Affirmation and negation

    -

    -The negative-positive (French si, German doch) is missing. -

    -    PhrYes, PhrNo : Phr ;                       -- yes, no
-  
-  }
-
    - - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-logo.gif b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-logo.gif deleted file mode 100644 index 283534cfa..000000000 Binary files a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-logo.gif and /dev/null differ diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-resource.html b/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-resource.html deleted file mode 100644 index 7bf22c041..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/doc/gf-resource.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,515 +0,0 @@ - - - - -
    - - -

    The GF Resource Grammar Library

    - - -Aarne Ranta -2002-2004 - -

    - -Version 0.7: source package. - -

    - -Current languages: English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Russian, Swedish. - -

    - - -News
    - -24/6/2004 Version 0.7 released together with the release of GF 2.0. - -
    - -13/4/2004 Version 0.6 completed using the module system of GF 2. Also an -extended coverage. The files are placed in separate subdirectories (one -per language) and have different names than before, so that file names -(without the extension .gf) are also legal module names. - -
    - -15/8/2003 Version 0.4 with Finnish added. Some updates of the Russian modules. - -
    - -25/6/2003 Release of GF 1.2 making it more efficient to work with -resource grammars. See -highlights. -Also source package version 0.3 -with some bug fixes. - -
    - -5/6/2003. Russian resource modules by -Janna Khegai. -Cyrillic strings in the files *.RusU.gf use UTF-8 encoding, -which is automatically detected by the Java GUI to GF. However, in web -browsers the encoding must be set manually. - -
    - -3/6/2003. New version of this document, with separate sections -on application and resource grammarians' views and -added documentation -on the type system of each language X -in CombinationsX.gf. - -
    - -23/5/2003. High-level lexicon access also in -French, -Italian, -and -Swedish. - -
    - -23/5/2003. -Italian grammar based on generic Romance modules, shared with French. - -
    - -14/4/2003. High-level access to define a lexicon in -English and German. - -

    - - -Notice. You need GF Version 2.0 or later -to work with these resource grammars. -It is available from the -GF home page. - - - -

    - - -

    Introduction

    - -As programs in general can be divided into -application programs and library programs, -GF grammars can be divided into -application grammars and -resource grammars. -An application grammar is typically built around -a semantic model, which is formalized as the abstract -syntax of the language. Concrete syntax defines -a mapping from the abstract syntax into English or -Swedish or some other language. -A resource grammar is not based on semantics, but its -purpose is to define the linguistic "surface" structures -of some language. The availability of these structures makes it easier to -write application grammars. - - - -

    Abstraction level

    - -Resource grammars -raise the level of abstraction in concrete syntax. -The author of an application grammar is freed from thinking -about inflection, word order, etc, but can use structured -tree-like objects in linearization rules. For instance, to -express the linearization of the arithmetical predicate even -in French, she no longer has to write -
    -  lin Even x = {s =
-      table {
-        m => x.s ++ 
-             table {Ind  => "est" ;  Subj => "soit"} ! m ++
-             table {Masc => "pair" ; Fem  => "paire"} ! x.g
-      }
-    } ;
-
    -but simply -
    -  lin Even = predA1 (adjReg "pair") ;
-
    -The author of the French resource grammar will have defined the -functions predAdj and adjReg in such a way that -they can be used in all applications. The type checker of the GF grammar -compiler guarantees that only grammatically correct combinations -can be formed by the resource grammar functions. - - - -

    Unity of language

    - -In addition to high abstraction level, reusability, and the division -of labour, resource grammars have the virtue of making sense of the -unity of a language such as English: while application grammars -depend on applications, resource grammars depend on language. -What is more, resource grammars for related languages can -share much of their code: to what degree this can be done gives -a measure of how related the languages are. -Thus we find resource grammars to be an interesting linguistic -project in its own right. - - -

    Semantics

    - -We leave it open if we can also explain the semantics -of resource grammar on the general level. The philosophy of GF, -inherited from logical frameworks, -is that semantics is only given to -application grammars. (You can also compare application grammars to Wittgenstein's -"language games"). -This view gives us a lot of freedom in formulating resource grammars. -When describing them, we sometimes say that such-and-such a construction -is likely to be ruled out by semantic reasons; what we mean is that -this will actually happen in application grammars; we do not -mean that GF has no semantic rules. -An example is the question -From which city is every number even or odd?. -The resource grammar makes it possible to form this question, -but it can hardly be correct in any application grammar that has -a rigorous semantics. - - - -

    Programmer's view on resource grammars

    - -The resource grammar library a hierarchical structure. Its main layers are - -The resource infrastructure should not be needed by application grammarians: it should -be enough to use the core resource API, the paradigm modules, and the derived libraries. If -this is not the case, the best solution is to extend the derived resource -libraries or create new ones. - - - -

    Grammaticality guarantee via data abstraction

    - -An important principle is that - -This principle is simultaneously a guidance for resource grammarians -and an argument for the application grammarian to use these libraries. -What we mean by "only using the libraries" is that - -Thus for instance no records, tables, selections or projections should appear -in the rules. What we have achieved then is total data abstraction, -and the grammaticality guarantee can be given. - -

    - -Since the resource grammars are work in progress, their coverage is not -yet sufficient for complete data abstraction. In addition, there may of course -be bugs in the resource grammars that destroy grammaticality. The GF group is -grateful for bug reports, requests, and contributions! - -

    - -The most important exception to total data abstraction in practice -concerns resource lexica. Since it is impossible to have a -full coverage of all the words in a language, users often have to introduce -their own lexical entries, and thereby use literal strings in their GF code. -The safest and most convenient way of using this is via functions -defined in ParadigmsX.gf files. Using these functions guarantees -that the lexical entries created are type-correct. But nothing guards -against misspelling a word, picking a wrong inflectional pattern, or -a wrong inherent feature (such as the gender of a French noun). - - - -

    The resource grammar documentation in gfdoc

    - -All documented GF grammars linked from this page -have been written in GF and then translated to HTML -using a light-weight documentation tool, -gfdoc. The tool is available as a part of the GF -package. The program also has the -flag -latex, which produces output in Latex instead of -HTML. - - - -

    The core resource API

    - -The API is divided into two modules, Combiantions and -its extension Structural. - -

    - -The module Combinations -gives the core resource type signatures of phrasal categories and -syntactic combination rules, together with some explanations -and examples. The examples are so far only in English, but their -equivalents are available in all of the languages for which the -API has been implemented. - -

    - -The module Structural -defines structural words such as determiners, pronouns, -prepositions, and conjunctions. - -

    - -The file Structural.gf cannot be imported directly, but -via the generated files ResourceX.gf for each language X. -In these files, the fun/lin and cat/lincat judgements have been -translated into oper judgements. - - - -

    The lexical paradigm modules

    - -The lexical paradigm modules define, for -each lexical category, a worst-case macro for adding words -of that category by giving a sufficient number of characteristic -forms. In addition, the most common regular paradigms are -included, where it is enough just to give one form to generate -all the others. - -

    - -For example, the English paradigm module has the worst-case macro for nouns, -

    -  mkN : (man,men,man's,men's : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
-
    -taking four forms and a gender (human or nonhuman, -as is also explained in the module). Its application -
    -  mkN "mouse" "mice" "mouse's" "mice's" nonhuman
-
    -defines all information that is needed for the noun mouse. -There are also some regular patterns, for instance, -
    -  nReg  : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- dog, dogs
-  nKiss : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- kiss, kisses
-
    -examples of which are -
    -  nReg "car" nonhuman
-  nKiss "waitress" human
-
    - -

    - -Here are the documented versions of the paradigm modules: -

    - - -

    The derived resource libraries

    - -The core resource grammar is minimal in the sense that it defines the -smallest syntactic combinations and has no redundancy. For applications, it -is usually more convenient to use combinations of the minimal rules. -Some such combinations are given in the predication library, -which defines the simultaneous applications of one- and two-place -verbs and adjectives to all their argument noun phrases. It also -defines some other constructions useful for logical and mathematical -applications. - -

    - -The API of the predication library is the module -Predication. -What is imported is one of the language-dependent modules, -X/PredicationX for each language X. - - - -

    The language-dependent type systems

    - -Sometimes it is useful for the application grammarian to know what the -language-dependent linearizations types are for each category in the -core resource. These types are defined in the files CombinationsX.gf. -They can be translated to documents by gfdoc if desired. - - -

    - -For the sake of uniformity, we have tried to use the same names -of parameter types when applicable. For instance, the gender parameter -is called Gender in every grammar, even though its values -differ. The definitions of the parameter -types are given in the modules TypesX. -The application grammarian following the complete abstraction principle -does not open these modules and cannot hence -use the parameter constructors directly, but rather the -names defined in ParadigmsX. - - - -

    Linguist's view on resource grammars

    - -

    GF and other grammar formalisms

    - -Linguists in particular might be interested in resource -grammars for their own sake, not as basis of applications. -Since few linguists are so far familiar with GF, we refer to the -GF Homepage -and especially to the -GF Tutorial. -What comes here is a brief summary of the relation of GF to -other record-based formalisms. - -

    - -The records of GF are much like feature structures in PATR or HPSG. -The main differences are that -

    -The latter difference explains why a GF record typically carries more -information than a feature structure. For instance, the record describing -the French noun cheval is -
    -  {s = table {Sg => "cheval" ; Pl => "chevaux"} ; g = Masc} ;
-
    -showing the full inflection table of the (abstract) noun cheval. -A PATR record -for the French word cheval would be -
    -  {s = "cheval" ; n = Sg ; g = Masc} ;
-
    -showing just the information that can be gathered from the (concrete) -string cheval. -There is a rather straightforward sense in which the PATR record is an -instance of the GF record. - -

    - -When generating language from syntax trees (or from logical formulas via -syntax trees), the record containing full inflection tables is an efficient -(linear-time) method of producing the correct forms. -This is important when text is generated in real time in -an interactive system. - - - -

    The resource grammar infrastructure

    - -As explained above, the application grammarian's view on resource grammars -is through API modules. They are collections of type signatures of functions. -It is the task of linguists to define these functions. -The definitions are in the end given -in the resource grammar infrastructure. - -

    - -We have divided the core resource grammar for each language X -into the following parts: -

    -To get the most powerful resource grammar for each language, one can use -these files directly. To view these modules, documents can be generated -by gfdoc. - - -

    Compiling and using the resource

    - -If you want to use the resource grammars, -you should download and unpack the -GF grammar package and go to the -directory newresource. -At Chalmers, however, we keep the resource grammars in the -GF CVS archive, in the directory grammars/newresource/, -and you'd better take them that way. The package accessible through www -is usually not quite up to date. - -

    - -To compile the resource into precompiled modules, for all languages, type -

    -  make
-
    -in the resource/ directory. -What you get is a set of gfr and gfc files. -You need never consult any of these files, -but mostly look into resource.Abs.gf for the type -signatures of syntactic structures. - - - -

    Examples of using the resource grammars

    - -

    A test suite

    - -The grammars TestX define a few expressions of each -lexical category and make it possible to test linearization, parsing, -random generation, and editing. - - -

    A database query language

    - -The grammars database/(Database|Restaurant)X.gf -make use of the resource. The RestaurantX.gf -grammars are just one possible application building on the generic -DatabaseX.gf grammars. - - - - -

    Functional morphology

    - -Even though GF is a useful language for describing syntax and semantics, it -is not the optimal choice for morphology. -One reason is the absence of low-level -programming, such as string matching. Another reason is efficiency. -In connection with the resource grammar project, we have started another -project, functional morphology, which uses Haskell to implement -morphology. See the -Functional Morphology Homepage -for more information. - - - -

    Further reading

    - -The paper Modular Grammar Engineering in GF and -a set of slides on the same topic. - - - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/AtomEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/AtomEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 630a7ab93..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/AtomEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ -instance AtomEng of Atom = ResourceExtEng ** open ResourceEng in { - oper SBranch = Str ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/CombinationsEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/CombinationsEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 15c78277a..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/CombinationsEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,198 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level English Resource Grammar: Combination Rules --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the English concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.Eng.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $TypesEng.gf$. - -concrete CombinationsEng of Combinations = open Prelude, SyntaxEng in { - -flags - startcat=Phr ; - lexer=text ; - unlexer=text ; - -lincat - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : Number => Case => Str} - CN = CommNounPhrase ; - -- = CommNoun ** {g : Gender} - NP = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - PN = {s : Case => Str} ; - Det = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNounPhrase ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - Fun2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - Num = {s : Case => Str} ; - - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = {s : AForm => Str} - Adj2 = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - AdjDeg = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - AP = Adjective ** {p : Bool} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VForm => Str ; s1 : Particle} - VG = {s : Bool => VForm => Str ; s2 : Bool => Number => Str ; - isAuxT, isAuxF : Bool} ; - VP = {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Number => Str ; isAux : Bool} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - V3 = TransVerb ** {s4 : Preposition} ; - VS = Verb ; - VV = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - - AdV = {s : Str ; p : Bool} ; - - S = {s : Str} ; - Slash = {s : Bool => Str ; s2 : Preposition} ; - RP = {s : Gender => Number => NPForm => Str} ; - RC = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ; - - IP = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number} ; - Qu = {s : QuestForm => Str} ; - Imp = {s : Number => Str} ; - Phr = {s : Str} ; - Text = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = {s1 : Str ; s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = {s1 : Str ; s2 : Str} ; - ListAP = {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - ListNP = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - ---. - -lin - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet singular noNum ; - ModGenNum = npGenDet plural ; - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase singular ; - IndefNumNP = indefNounPhraseNum plural ; - DefOneNP = defNounPhrase singular ; - DefNumNP = defNounPhraseNum plural ; - MassNP = detNounPhrase (mkDeterminer Sg []) ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - UseInt i = {s = table {Nom => i.s ; Gen => i.s ++ "'s"}} ; --- - NoNum = noNum ; - - SymbPN i = {s = table {Nom => i.s ; Gen => i.s ++ "'s"}} ; --- - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g} ; - - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - PredV = predVerb ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredPassV = passVerb ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - VTrans = transAsVerb ; - - AdjAdv a = advPost (a.s ! AAdv) ; - PrepNP p = prepPhrase p.s ; --- - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = predVerbPhrase (nameNounPhrase (nameReg "one")) ; - ThereNP = thereIs ; - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronWho singular ; - WhoMany = intPronWho plural ; - WhatOne = intPronWhat singular ; - WhatMany = intPronWhat plural ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron singular ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron plural ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - IsThereNP = isThere ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance singular ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance plural ; - - AdvS = advSentence ; - - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase singular ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase plural ; - PhrIP ip = ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = ia ; - - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/LogicEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/LogicEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9f0d8f679..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/LogicEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource LogicEng = Logic with - (Atom = AtomEng), (Resource = ResourceEng) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/MorphoEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/MorphoEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 3061b4e7e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/MorphoEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,215 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - ---1 A Simple English Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $Types.gf$. - -resource MorphoEng = TypesEng ** open Prelude, (Predef=Predef) in { - ---2 Nouns --- --- For conciseness and abstraction, we define a worst-case macro for --- noun inflection. It is used for defining special case that --- only need one string as argument. - -oper - mkNoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = - \man,men, mans, mens -> {s = table { - Sg => table {Nom => man ; Gen => mans} ; - Pl => table {Nom => men ; Gen => mens} - }} ; - - nounReg : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> - mkNoun dog (dog + "s") (dog + "'s") (dog + "s'"); - - nounS : Str -> CommonNoun = \kiss -> - mkNoun kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "'s") (kiss + "es'") ; - - nounY : Str -> CommonNoun = \fl -> - mkNoun (fl + "y") (fl + "ies") (fl + "y's") (fl + "ies'") ; - - nounGen : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> case last dog of { - "y" => nounY "dog" ; - "s" => nounS (init "dog") ; - _ => nounReg "dog" - } ; - ---3 Proper names --- --- Regular proper names are inflected with "'s" in the genitive. - - nameReg : Str -> ProperName = \john -> - {s = table {Nom => john ; Gen => john + "'s"}} ; - - ---2 Pronouns --- --- Here we define personal and relative pronouns. - - mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> Pronoun = \I,me,my,mine,n,p -> - {s = table {NomP => I ; AccP => me ; GenP => my ; GenSP => mine} ; - n = n ; p = p} ; - - pronI = mkPronoun "I" "me" "my" "mine" Sg P1 ; - pronYouSg = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Sg P2 ; -- verb form still OK - pronHe = mkPronoun "he" "him" "his" "his" Sg P3 ; - pronShe = mkPronoun "she" "her" "her" "hers" Sg P3 ; - pronIt = mkPronoun "it" "it" "its" "it" Sg P3 ; - - pronWe = mkPronoun "we" "us" "our" "ours" Pl P1 ; - pronYouPl = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Pl P2 ; - pronThey = mkPronoun "they" "them" "their" "theirs" Pl P3 ; - --- Relative pronouns in the accusative have the 'no pronoun' variant. --- The simple pronouns do not really depend on number. - - relPron : RelPron = {s = table { - NoHum => \\_ => table { - NomP => variants {"that" ; "which"} ; - AccP => variants {"that" ; "which" ; []} ; - GenP => variants {"whose"} ; - GenSP => variants {"which"} - } ; - Hum => \\_ => table { - NomP => variants {"that" ; "who"} ; - AccP => variants {"that" ; "who" ; "whom" ; []} ; - GenP => variants {"whose"} ; - GenSP => variants {"whom"} - } - } - } ; - - ---3 Determiners --- --- We have just a heuristic definition of the indefinite article. --- There are lots of exceptions: consonantic "e" ("euphemism"), consonantic --- "o" ("one-sided"), vocalic "u" ("umbrella"). - - artIndef = pre {"a" ; - "an" / strs {"a" ; "e" ; "i" ; "o" ; "A" ; "E" ; "I" ; "O" }} ; - - artDef = "the" ; - ---2 Adjectives --- --- To form the adjectival and the adverbial forms, two strings are needed --- in the worst case. - - mkAdjective : Str -> Str -> Adjective = \free,freely -> { - s = table { - AAdj => free ; - AAdv => freely - } - } ; - --- However, the ending "iy" is sufficient for most cases. This function --- automatically changes the word-final "y" to "i" ("happy" - "happily"). --- N.B. this is not correct for "shy", but $mkAdjective$ has to be used. - - regAdjective : Str -> Adjective = \free -> - let - y = Predef.dp 1 free - in mkAdjective - free - (ifTok Str y "y" (Predef.tk 1 free + ("ily")) (free + "ly")) ; - --- For the comparison of adjectives, six forms are needed to cover all cases. --- But there is no adjective that actually needs all these. - - mkAdjDegrWorst : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> AdjDegr = - \good,well,better,betterly,best,bestly -> - {s = table { - Pos => (mkAdjective good well).s ; - Comp => (mkAdjective better betterly).s ; - Sup => (mkAdjective best bestly).s - } - } ; - --- What is usually needed for irregular comparisons are just three forms, --- since the adverbial form is the same (in comparative or superlative) --- or formed in the regular way (positive). - - adjDegrIrreg : (_,_,_ : Str) -> AdjDegr = \bad,worse,worst -> - let badly = (regAdjective bad).s ! AAdv - in mkAdjDegrWorst bad badly worse worse worst worst ; - --- Like above, the regular formation takes account of final "y". - - adjDegrReg : Str -> AdjDegr = \happy -> - let happi = ifTok Str (Predef.dp 1 happy) "y" (Predef.tk 1 happy + "i") happy - in adjDegrIrreg happy (happi + "er") (happi + "est") ; - --- Many adjectives are 'inflected' by adding a comparison word. - - adjDegrLong : Str -> AdjDegr = \ridiculous -> - adjDegrIrreg ridiculous ("more" ++ ridiculous) ("most" ++ ridiculous) ; - - ---3 Verbs --- --- Except for "be", the worst case needs four forms. - - mkVerbP3 : (_,_,_,_: Str) -> VerbP3 = \go,goes,went,gone -> - {s = table { - InfImp => go ; - Indic P3 => goes ; - Indic _ => go ; - Past _ => went ; - PPart => gone - } - } ; - - mkVerb : (_,_,_ : Str) -> VerbP3 = \ring,rang,rung -> - mkVerbP3 ring (ring + "s") rang rung ; - - regVerbP3 : Str -> VerbP3 = \walk -> - mkVerb walk (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") ; - - verbP3s : Str -> VerbP3 = \kiss -> - mkVerbP3 kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "ed") (kiss + "ed") ; - - verbP3e : Str -> VerbP3 = \love -> - mkVerbP3 love (love + "s") (love + "d") (love + "d") ; - - verbP3y : Str -> VerbP3 = \cr -> - mkVerbP3 (cr + "y") (cr + "ies") (cr + "ied") (cr + "ied") ; - - verbGen : Str -> VerbP3 = \kill -> case last kill of { - "y" => verbP3y (init "kill") ; - "e" => verbP3y (init "kill") ; - "s" => verbP3s (init "kill") ; - _ => regVerbP3 "kill" - } ; - - verbP3Have = mkVerbP3 "have" "has" "had" "had" ; - - verbP3Do = mkVerbP3 "do" "does" "did" "done" ; - - verbBe : VerbP3 = {s = table { - InfImp => "be" ; - Indic P1 => "am" ; - Indic P2 => "are" ; - Indic P3 => "is" ; - Past Sg => "was" ; - Past Pl => "were" ; - PPart => "been" - }} ; - - verbPart : VerbP3 -> Particle -> Verb = \v,p -> - v ** {s1 = p} ; - - verbNoPart : VerbP3 -> Verb = \v -> verbPart v [] ; - --- The optional negation contraction is a useful macro e.g. for "do". - - contractNot : Str -> Str = \is -> variants {is ++ "not" ; is + "n't"} ; - - dont = contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! InfImp) ; -} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index b3c647d21..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -concrete NumeralsEng of Numerals = open NumeralsResEng in { - -lincat Digit = {s : DForm => Str} ; -lincat Sub10 = {s : DForm => Str} ; - -lin num x = x ; -lin n2 = mkNum "two" "twelve" "twenty" ; -lin n3 = mkNum "three" "thirteen" "thirty" ; -lin n4 = mkNum "four" "fourteen" "forty" ; -lin n5 = mkNum "five" "fifteen" "fifty" ; -lin n6 = regNum "six" ; -lin n7 = regNum "seven" ; -lin n8 = mkNum "eight" "eighteen" "eighty" ; -lin n9 = regNum "nine" ; - -lin pot01 = {s = table {f => "one"}} ; -lin pot0 d = {s = table {f => d.s ! f}} ; -lin pot110 = ss "ten" ; -lin pot111 = ss "eleven" ; -lin pot1to19 d = {s = d.s ! teen} ; -lin pot0as1 n = {s = n.s ! unit} ; -lin pot1 d = {s = d.s ! ten} ; -lin pot1plus d e = {s = d.s ! ten ++ "-" ++ e.s ! unit} ; -lin pot1as2 n = n ; -lin pot2 d = {s = d.s ! unit ++ "hundred"} ; -lin pot2plus d e = {s = d.s ! unit ++ "hundred" ++ "and" ++ e.s} ; -lin pot2as3 n = n ; -lin pot3 n = {s = n.s ++ "thousand"} ; -lin pot3plus n m = {s = n.s ++ "thousand" ++ m.s} ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsResEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsResEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5add134c5..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/NumeralsResEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -resource NumeralsResEng = { - -param DForm = unit | teen | ten ; - -oper mkNum : Str -> Str -> Str -> {s : DForm => Str} = - \two -> \twelve -> \twenty -> - {s = table {unit => two ; teen => twelve ; ten => twenty}} ; -oper regNum : Str -> {s : DForm => Str} = - \six -> mkNum six (six + "teen") (six + "ty") ; -oper ss : Str -> {s : Str} = \s -> {s = s} ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ParadigmsEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/ParadigmsEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 3bddb3f42..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ParadigmsEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,301 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 English Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoEng.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, rather --- than stems, as string --- arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsEng = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxEng, ResourceEng in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type ; - - human : Gender ; - nonhuman : Gender ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: give all four forms and the semantic gender. --- In practice the worst case is just: give singular and plural nominative. - -oper - mkN : (man,men,man's,men's : Str) -> Gender -> N ; - nMan : (man,men : Str) -> Gender -> N ; - --- Regular nouns, nouns ending with "s", "y", or "o", and nouns with the same --- plural form as the singular. - - nReg : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- dog, dogs - nKiss : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- kiss, kisses - nFly : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- fly, flies - nHero : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- hero, heroes (= nKiss !) - nSheep : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- sheep, sheep - --- These use general heuristics, that recognizes the last letter. *N.B* it --- does not get right with "boy", "rush", since it only looks at one letter. - - nHuman : Str -> N ; -- gambler/actress/nanny - nNonhuman : Str -> N ; -- dog/kiss/fly - --- Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is "of". - - mkFun : N -> Preposition -> Fun ; - - funHuman : Str -> Fun ; -- the father/mistress/daddy of - funNonhuman : Str -> Fun ; -- the successor/address/copy of - --- Proper names, with their regular genitive. - - pnReg : (John : Str) -> PN ; -- John, John's - --- The most common cases on the higher-level category $CN$ have shortcuts. --- The regular "y"/"s" variation is taken into account. - - cnNonhuman : Str -> CN ; - cnHuman : Str -> CN ; - npReg : Str -> NP ; - --- In some cases, you may want to make a complex $CN$ into a function. - - mkFunCN : CN -> Preposition -> Fun ; - funOfCN : CN -> Fun ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives just have one form. - - mkAdj1 : (even : Str) -> Adj1 ; - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition as second argument. - - mkAdj2 : (divisible, by : Str) -> Adj2 ; - --- Comparison adjectives have three forms. The common irregular --- cases are ones ending with "y" and a consonant that is duplicated; --- the "y" ending is recognized by the function $aReg$. - - mkAdjDeg : (good,better,best : Str) -> AdjDeg ; - - aReg : (long : Str) -> AdjDeg ; -- long, longer, longest - aFat : (fat : Str) -> AdjDeg ; -- fat, fatter, fattest - aRidiculous : (ridiculous : Str) -> AdjDeg ; -- -/more/most ridiculous - --- On higher level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. - - apReg : Str -> AP ; - ---2 Adverbs - --- Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position not --- before the verb. Some can be preverbal (e.g. "always"). - - mkAdv : Str -> AdV ; - mkAdvPre : Str -> AdV ; - --- Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed. - - mkAdA : Str -> AdA ; - mkAdS : Str -> AdS ; - --- Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. - - mkPP : Str -> NP -> AdV ; - ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment now has all verb forms, except the gerund/present participle. --- Except for "be", the worst case needs four forms: the infinitive and --- the third person singular present, the past indicative, and the past participle. - - mkV : (go, goes, went, gone : Str) -> V ; - - vReg : (walk : Str) -> V ; -- walk, walks - vKiss : (kiss : Str) -> V ; -- kiss, kisses - vFly : (fly : Str) -> V ; -- fly, flies - vGo : (go : Str) -> V ; -- go, goes (= vKiss !) - --- This generic function recognizes the special cases where the last --- character is "y", "s", or "z". It is not right for "finish" and "convey". - - vGen : Str -> V ; -- walk/kiss/fly - --- The verbs "be" and "have" are special. - - vBe : V ; - vHave : V ; - --- Verbs with a particle. - - vPart : (go, goes, went, gone, up : Str) -> V ; - vPartReg : (get, up : Str) -> V ; - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. --- Notice that a particle can already be included in $V$. - - mkTV : V -> Str -> TV ; -- look for, kill - - tvGen : (look, for : Str) -> TV ; -- look for, talk about - tvDir : V -> TV ; -- switch off - tvGenDir : (kill : Str) -> TV ; -- kill - --- Regular two-place verbs with a particle. - - tvPartReg : Str -> Str -> Str -> TV ; -- get, along, with - --- Ditransitive verbs. - - mkV3 : V -> Str -> Str -> V3 ; -- speak, with, about - v3Dir : V -> Str -> V3 ; -- give,_,to - v3DirDir : V -> V3 ; -- give,_,_ - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - - Gender = SyntaxEng.Gender ; - Number = SyntaxEng.Number ; - Case = SyntaxEng.Case ; - human = Hum ; - nonhuman = NoHum ; - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - - nominative = Nom ; - genitive = Nom ; - - mkN = \man,men,man's,men's,g -> - mkNoun man men man's men's ** {g = g ; lock_N = <>} ; - nReg a g = addGenN nounReg a g ; - nKiss n g = addGenN nounS n g ; - nFly = \fly -> addGenN nounY (Predef.tk 1 fly) ; - nMan = \man,men -> mkN man men (man + "'s") (men + "'s") ; - nHero = nKiss ; - nSheep = \sheep -> nMan sheep sheep ; - - nHuman = \s -> nGen s Hum ; - nNonhuman = \s -> nGen s NoHum ; - - nGen : Str -> Gender -> N = \fly,g -> let { - fl = Predef.tk 1 fly ; - y = Predef.dp 1 fly ; - eqy = ifTok (Str -> Gender -> N) y - } in - eqy "y" nFly ( - eqy "s" nKiss ( - eqy "z" nKiss ( - nReg))) fly g ; - - mkFun = \n,p -> n ** {lock_Fun = <> ; s2 = p} ; - funNonhuman = \s -> mkFun (nNonhuman s) "of" ; - funHuman = \s -> mkFun (nHuman s) "of" ; - - pnReg n = nameReg n ** {lock_PN = <>} ; - - cnNonhuman = \s -> UseN (nGen s nonhuman) ; - cnHuman = \s -> UseN (nGen s human) ; - npReg = \s -> UsePN (pnReg s) ; - - mkFunCN = \n,p -> n ** {lock_Fun = <> ; s2 = p} ; - funOfCN = \n -> mkFunCN n "of" ; - - addGenN : (Str -> CommonNoun) -> Str -> Gender -> N = \f -> - \s,g -> f s ** {g = g ; lock_N = <>} ; - - mkAdj1 a = regAdjective a ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - mkAdj2 = \s,p -> regAdjective s ** {s2 = p} ** {lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - mkAdjDeg a b c = adjDegrIrreg a b c ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aReg a = adjDegrReg a ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aFat = \fat -> let {fatt = fat + Predef.dp 1 fat} in - mkAdjDeg fat (fatt + "er") (fatt + "est") ; - aRidiculous a = adjDegrLong a ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - apReg = \s -> AdjP1 (mkAdj1 s) ; - - aGen : Str -> AdjDeg = \s -> case last s of { - "y" => mkAdjDeg s (init s + "ier") (init s + "iest") ; - "e" => mkAdjDeg s (s + "r") (s + "st") ; - _ => aReg s - } ; - - mkAdv a = advPost a ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkAdvPre a = advPre a ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkPP x y = prepPhrase x y ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkAdA a = ss a ** {lock_AdA = <>} ; - mkAdS a = ss a ** {lock_AdS = <>} ; - - mkV = \go,goes,went,gone -> verbNoPart (mkVerbP3 go goes went gone) ** - {lock_V = <>} ; - vReg = \walk -> mkV walk (walk + "s") (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") ; - vKiss = \kiss -> mkV kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "ed") (kiss + "ed") ; - vFly = \cry -> let {cr = Predef.tk 1 cry} in - mkV cry (cr + "ies") (cr + "ied") (cr + "ied") ; - vGo = vKiss ; - - vGen = \fly -> let { - fl = Predef.tk 1 fly ; - y = Predef.dp 1 fly ; - eqy = ifTok (Str -> V) y - } in - eqy "y" vFly ( - eqy "s" vKiss ( - eqy "z" vKiss ( - vReg))) fly ; - - vPart = \go, goes, went, gone, up -> - verbPart (mkVerbP3 go goes went gone) up ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vPartReg = \get, up -> - verbPart (vGen get) up ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - mkTV = \v,p -> v ** {lock_TV = <> ; s3 = p} ; - tvPartReg = \get, along, to -> mkTV (vPartReg get along) to ; - - vBe = verbBe ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - vHave = verbP3Have ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - - tvGen = \s,p -> mkTV (vGen s) p ; - tvDir = \v -> mkTV v [] ; - tvGenDir = \s -> tvDir (vGen s) ; - - mkV3 x y z = mkDitransVerb x y z ** {lock_V3 = <>} ; - v3Dir x y = mkV3 x [] y ; - v3DirDir x = v3Dir x [] ; - - -- these are used in the generated lexicon - noun : Str -> N = nNonhuman ; - - verb2 : Str -> Str -> TV = \v -> mkTV (vGen v) ; - verb3 : Str -> Str -> Str -> V3 = \v -> mkV3 (vGen v) ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/PredicationEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/PredicationEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c561fab5d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/PredicationEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource PredicationEng = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceEng), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtEng) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLex.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLex.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 27a1585c8..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLex.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5968 +0,0 @@ -abstract ResLex = Structural ** { -fun abandon24 : TV ; -fun abbreviate25 : V ; -fun abduct26 : TV ; -fun able28 : AdjDeg ; -fun able29 : AdjDeg ; -fun abolish30 : TV ; -fun abolition31 : N ; -fun abound32 : TV ; -fun absence39 : N ; -fun absent40 : AdjDeg ; -fun absent41 : AdjDeg ; -fun absentee42 : N ; -fun absolute43 : Adj1 ; -fun absolve44 : V3 ; -fun abstract45 : N ; -fun abstract46 : Adj1 ; -fun abstract47 : V ; -fun abundance48 : N ; -fun abundant49 : Adj1 ; -fun academic50 : Adj1 ; -fun accelerate51 : TV ; -fun accept52 : TV ; -fun access53 : TV ; -fun access54 : N ; -fun accessible55 : Adj2 ; -fun accessible56 : Adj2 ; -fun accident57 : N ; -fun accommodate58 : TV ; -fun accompany59 : TV ; -fun accomplish60 : TV ; -fun accord61 : TV ; -fun accordingly62 : AdV ; -fun account63 : N ; -fun account64 : TV ; -fun accumulate65 : TV ; -fun accuracy66 : N ; -fun accurate67 : Adj1 ; -fun accuse68 : V3 ; -fun ache69 : N ; -fun ache70 : TV ; -fun achieve71 : TV ; -fun acknowledge72 : TV ; -fun acknowledge73 : TV ; -fun acquire74 : TV ; -fun acquisition75 : N ; -fun acquisitive76 : Adj1 ; -fun act78 : N ; -fun act79 : V ; -fun activate80 : V ; -fun actor81 : N ; -fun actress82 : N ; -fun actual83 : Adj1 ; -fun acute84 : Adj1 ; -fun adage85 : N ; -fun adapt86 : TV ; -fun add87 : V3 ; -fun addict88 : N ; -fun addict89 : TV ; -fun addition90 : N ; -fun additive91 : N ; -fun address92 : N ; -fun address93 : TV ; -fun adept94 : AdjDeg ; -fun adept95 : AdjDeg ; -fun adequacy96 : N ; -fun adequate97 : Adj2 ; -fun adequate98 : Adj2 ; -fun adhere99 : TV ; -fun adherent100 : N ; -fun adhesive101 : N ; -fun adhesive102 : Adj1 ; -fun adjacency103 : N ; -fun adjacent104 : AdjDeg ; -fun adjacent105 : AdjDeg ; -fun adjective106 : N ; -fun adjoin107 : TV ; -fun adjunct108 : N ; -fun adjust109 : TV ; -fun administer110 : TV ; -fun administration111 : N ; -fun admire112 : TV ; -fun admissible113 : Adj1 ; -fun admission114 : N ; -fun admission115 : N ; -fun admit116 : TV ; -fun admit117 : V3 ; -fun admit118 : TV ; -fun admit119 : TV ; -fun admit120 : TV ; -fun adopt121 : V ; -fun adult122 : N ; -fun adult123 : Adj1 ; -fun advance124 : N ; -fun advance125 : TV ; -fun advantage126 : N ; -fun advent127 : N ; -fun adventure128 : N ; -fun adverb129 : N ; -fun adverbial130 : Adj1 ; -fun adverse131 : Adj1 ; -fun advertise132 : TV ; -fun advice133 : N ; -fun advise134 : TV ; -fun advisor135 : N ; -fun advocate136 : TV ; -fun aerobic137 : Adj1 ; -fun aesthetic138 : Adj1 ; -fun affair139 : N ; -fun affect140 : TV ; -fun affection141 : N ; -fun affix142 : N ; -fun affix143 : V3 ; -fun afflict144 : TV ; -fun afford145 : TV ; -fun afford146 : TV ; -fun afraid147 : AdjDeg ; -fun afraid148 : AdjDeg ; -fun afraid149 : AdjDeg ; -fun africa151 : N ; -fun african152 : Adj1 ; -fun african153 : N ; -fun afternoon157 : N ; -fun afterthought158 : N ; -fun age163 : N ; -fun aged164 : AdjDeg ; -fun agency165 : N ; -fun agenda166 : N ; -fun agent167 : N ; -fun aggravate168 : TV ; -fun aggressive169 : Adj1 ; -fun ago170 : AdV ; -fun agree171 : TV ; -fun aid173 : N ; -fun aid174 : TV ; -fun aide175 : N ; -fun aim176 : N ; -fun aim177 : TV ; -fun aim178 : TV ; -fun air179 : N ; -fun aircraft180 : N ; -fun aircraft181 : N ; -fun akin182 : Adj2 ; -fun akin183 : Adj2 ; -fun alcohol187 : N ; -fun alcoholic188 : Adj1 ; -fun alcoholic189 : N ; -fun algebra190 : N ; -fun algorithm191 : N ; -fun alias192 : N ; -fun align193 : TV ; -fun alike194 : AdjDeg ; -fun alive195 : AdjDeg ; -fun all196 : AdV ; -fun all197 : N ; -fun all198 : AdjDeg ; -fun all199 : AdjDeg ; -fun all200 : AdjDeg ; -fun allege201 : TV ; -fun alley202 : N ; -fun allocate203 : V ; -fun allow204 : TV ; -fun allow205 : TV ; -fun allow206 : TV ; -fun allow207 : TV ; -fun allude208 : TV ; -fun ally209 : N ; -fun ally210 : TV ; -fun almost211 : AdV ; -fun alone213 : AdjDeg ; -fun alphabet216 : N ; -fun alphabetic217 : Adj1 ; -fun alphanumeric218 : Adj1 ; -fun already219 : AdV ; -fun also220 : AdV ; -fun altar221 : N ; -fun alter222 : TV ; -fun alternate223 : TV ; -fun alternative224 : N ; -fun alternatively225 : Adj1 ; -fun always227 : AdV ; -fun amaze229 : TV ; -fun amazing230 : Adj1 ; -fun ambiguity231 : N ; -fun ambiguous232 : Adj1 ; -fun ambition233 : N ; -fun ambitious234 : Adj1 ; -fun amenable235 : Adj2 ; -fun amenable236 : Adj2 ; -fun amend237 : TV ; -fun amenity238 : N ; -fun america239 : N ; -fun american240 : Adj1 ; -fun american241 : N ; -fun amount244 : N ; -fun ampere245 : N ; -fun ampersand246 : N ; -fun amuse247 : TV ; -fun anachronism251 : N ; -fun anachronistic252 : Adj1 ; -fun analogous253 : Adj2 ; -fun analogous254 : Adj2 ; -fun analogue255 : N ; -fun analogy256 : N ; -fun analyse257 : TV ; -fun analysis259 : N ; -fun analytic260 : Adj1 ; -fun anaphor261 : N ; -fun anaphora262 : N ; -fun anaphoric263 : Adj1 ; -fun ancestor265 : N ; -fun ancient266 : Adj1 ; -fun anecdote268 : N ; -fun anger269 : N ; -fun angle270 : N ; -fun angled271 : Adj1 ; -fun angler272 : N ; -fun angling273 : N ; -fun angry274 : AdjDeg ; -fun angry275 : AdjDeg ; -fun angry276 : AdjDeg ; -fun angry277 : AdjDeg ; -fun angry278 : AdjDeg ; -fun animal279 : N ; -fun animate280 : Adj1 ; -fun animate281 : TV ; -fun ankle282 : N ; -fun annotate283 : TV ; -fun announce284 : TV ; -fun announce285 : TV ; -fun annoy286 : TV ; -fun annual287 : Adj1 ; -fun anomalous288 : Adj1 ; -fun anomaly289 : N ; -fun another290 : AdjDeg ; -fun answer291 : N ; -fun answer292 : TV ; -fun ant293 : N ; -fun antecedent294 : N ; -fun anthropomorphic295 : Adj1 ; -fun anthropomorphism296 : N ; -fun antibiotic298 : N ; -fun anticipate299 : TV ; -fun anticipate300 : TV ; -fun anticipate301 : TV ; -fun anxiety302 : N ; -fun anxious303 : Adj2 ; -fun anxious304 : Adj2 ; -fun anxious305 : Adj2 ; -fun any306 : AdjDeg ; -fun anyway311 : AdV ; -fun ape314 : N ; -fun apologetic315 : AdjDeg ; -fun apologetic316 : AdjDeg ; -fun apologise317 : TV ; -fun apologize318 : TV ; -fun appal319 : TV ; -fun apparatus320 : N ; -fun apparent321 : AdjDeg ; -fun apparent322 : AdjDeg ; -fun apparition323 : N ; -fun appeal324 : TV ; -fun appeal325 : N ; -fun appear326 : TV ; -fun appear327 : V3 ; -fun appear328 : TV ; -fun appear329 : TV ; -fun append330 : V3 ; -fun appendices331 : N ; -fun appendix332 : N ; -fun apple333 : N ; -fun applicable334 : AdjDeg ; -fun applicable335 : AdjDeg ; -fun applicant336 : N ; -fun apply337 : V3 ; -fun apply338 : TV ; -fun appoint339 : TV ; -fun appoint340 : TV ; -fun appoint341 : TV ; -fun appointment342 : N ; -fun apposite343 : Adj1 ; -fun appraise344 : TV ; -fun appreciate345 : V ; -fun apprehend346 : TV ; -fun apprehension347 : N ; -fun apprehensive348 : Adj1 ; -fun approach349 : TV ; -fun approach350 : N ; -fun approbation351 : N ; -fun appropriate352 : AdjDeg ; -fun appropriate353 : AdjDeg ; -fun approve354 : TV ; -fun approximate355 : Adj1 ; -fun approximate356 : TV ; -fun april357 : N ; -fun apse358 : N ; -fun apt359 : AdjDeg ; -fun apt360 : AdjDeg ; -fun aptitude361 : N ; -fun arabian362 : Adj1 ; -fun arabic363 : Adj1 ; -fun arbitrary364 : Adj1 ; -fun arc365 : N ; -fun arch367 : N ; -fun archetype368 : N ; -fun architect369 : N ; -fun architecture370 : N ; -fun area373 : N ; -fun arena374 : N ; -fun argue378 : TV ; -fun argument379 : N ; -fun argument380 : N ; -fun arise381 : V ; -fun arithmetic383 : N ; -fun arm384 : N ; -fun arm385 : TV ; -fun armour386 : N ; -fun armoury387 : N ; -fun arms388 : N ; -fun army389 : N ; -fun arouse392 : TV ; -fun arrange393 : V ; -fun arrange394 : TV ; -fun arrange395 : TV ; -fun arrange396 : TV ; -fun array397 : N ; -fun arrest398 : TV ; -fun arrive399 : V ; -fun arrive400 : TV ; -fun arrow401 : N ; -fun art402 : N ; -fun artefact403 : N ; -fun article404 : N ; -fun articulate405 : V ; -fun artificial406 : Adj1 ; -fun artist407 : N ; -fun ascend412 : TV ; -fun ascend413 : TV ; -fun ascent414 : N ; -fun ascertain415 : TV ; -fun ascribe416 : V3 ; -fun ash417 : N ; -fun ashamed418 : AdjDeg ; -fun ashamed419 : AdjDeg ; -fun asia420 : N ; -fun ask421 : TV ; -fun ask422 : V3 ; -fun ask423 : V3 ; -fun ask424 : TV ; -fun ask425 : TV ; -fun ask426 : TV ; -fun ask427 : TV ; -fun ask428 : TV ; -fun ask429 : TV ; -fun ask430 : TV ; -fun asleep431 : AdjDeg ; -fun aspect432 : N ; -fun aspire433 : TV ; -fun aspire434 : TV ; -fun aspirin435 : N ; -fun ass436 : N ; -fun assault437 : N ; -fun assault438 : TV ; -fun assemble439 : TV ; -fun assembly440 : N ; -fun assent441 : TV ; -fun assert442 : TV ; -fun assess443 : TV ; -fun assign444 : V3 ; -fun assimilate445 : TV ; -fun assist446 : TV ; -fun assist447 : TV ; -fun assist448 : TV ; -fun assist449 : TV ; -fun assistant450 : N ; -fun associate451 : V3 ; -fun association452 : N ; -fun assume453 : TV ; -fun assume454 : TV ; -fun assumption455 : N ; -fun assure456 : TV ; -fun asterisk457 : N ; -fun asthma458 : N ; -fun asthmatic459 : Adj1 ; -fun asthmatically460 : AdV ; -fun astonish461 : TV ; -fun astray462 : AdjDeg ; -fun astronomer463 : N ; -fun astronomy464 : N ; -fun asymmetry465 : N ; -fun atlas471 : N ; -fun atmosphere472 : N ; -fun atom473 : N ; -fun attach476 : TV ; -fun attach477 : V3 ; -fun attach478 : TV ; -fun attack479 : TV ; -fun attack480 : N ; -fun attain481 : TV ; -fun attempt482 : N ; -fun attempt483 : TV ; -fun attend484 : TV ; -fun attention485 : N ; -fun attentive486 : AdjDeg ; -fun attentive487 : AdjDeg ; -fun attitude488 : N ; -fun attract489 : V ; -fun attribute490 : N ; -fun attribute491 : V3 ; -fun audible492 : Adj2 ; -fun audience493 : N ; -fun augment494 : TV ; -fun august495 : N ; -fun aunt496 : N ; -fun australia497 : N ; -fun australian498 : Adj1 ; -fun austria499 : N ; -fun author500 : N ; -fun authority501 : N ; -fun authorize502 : TV ; -fun automate504 : V ; -fun automatic505 : Adj1 ; -fun automatically506 : AdV ; -fun automaton507 : N ; -fun autonomous508 : Adj1 ; -fun autonomy509 : N ; -fun autumn510 : N ; -fun auxiliary511 : Adj1 ; -fun auxiliary512 : N ; -fun avail513 : TV ; -fun available514 : Adj1 ; -fun avenue515 : N ; -fun average516 : Adj1 ; -fun average517 : N ; -fun average518 : TV ; -fun avoid519 : TV ; -fun avoid520 : TV ; -fun avowed521 : Adj1 ; -fun await522 : TV ; -fun awake523 : AdjDeg ; -fun awaken524 : TV ; -fun award525 : V ; -fun aware526 : AdjDeg ; -fun aware527 : AdjDeg ; -fun awful529 : Adj1 ; -fun awkward530 : AdjDeg ; -fun axe531 : N ; -fun axiom533 : N ; -fun axiomatic534 : Adj1 ; -fun axiomatize535 : TV ; -fun axis536 : N ; -fun baby537 : N ; -fun back538 : N ; -fun background539 : N ; -fun backing540 : N ; -fun backtrack541 : TV ; -fun backward542 : Adj1 ; -fun bacterial545 : Adj1 ; -fun bacterium546 : N ; -fun bad547 : Adj1 ; -fun bag548 : N ; -fun bake549 : TV ; -fun bake550 : TV ; -fun balance551 : V ; -fun ball552 : N ; -fun ballad553 : N ; -fun banal554 : Adj1 ; -fun banana555 : N ; -fun band556 : N ; -fun bang557 : N ; -fun banish558 : TV ; -fun bank559 : N ; -fun bar560 : N ; -fun bar561 : TV ; -fun bare562 : AdjDeg ; -fun bare563 : TV ; -fun bark564 : N ; -fun bark565 : V ; -fun barn566 : N ; -fun baron567 : N ; -fun barrel568 : N ; -fun base569 : N ; -fun base570 : V3 ; -fun basic572 : Adj1 ; -fun basically573 : AdV ; -fun basin574 : N ; -fun basis575 : N ; -fun basis576 : N ; -fun basis577 : N ; -fun basket578 : N ; -fun bat579 : N ; -fun batch580 : N ; -fun bath581 : N ; -fun bathe582 : V ; -fun batsman583 : N ; -fun battle585 : N ; -fun be586 : V ; -fun beach587 : N ; -fun beak588 : N ; -fun beam589 : N ; -fun bean590 : N ; -fun bear591 : N ; -fun bear592 : TV ; -fun beard593 : N ; -fun beast594 : N ; -fun beat595 : TV ; -fun beat596 : TV ; -fun beauty598 : N ; -fun become602 : TV ; -fun become603 : TV ; -fun bed604 : N ; -fun bee605 : N ; -fun beer607 : N ; -fun beg611 : TV ; -fun begin613 : TV ; -fun beginning614 : N ; -fun behalf616 : N ; -fun behave617 : V ; -fun behaviour618 : N ; -fun being621 : N ; -fun belief622 : N ; -fun belief623 : N ; -fun belief624 : N ; -fun believe625 : TV ; -fun believe626 : TV ; -fun believe627 : TV ; -fun believe628 : TV ; -fun believe629 : TV ; -fun bell630 : N ; -fun belong631 : TV ; -fun beloved632 : AdjDeg ; -fun beloved633 : AdjDeg ; -fun belt635 : N ; -fun bench636 : N ; -fun bend637 : V ; -fun beneficial639 : AdjDeg ; -fun beneficial640 : AdjDeg ; -fun benefit641 : N ; -fun berry644 : N ; -fun bet648 : N ; -fun betray649 : TV ; -fun bias655 : TV ; -fun bible656 : N ; -fun biblical657 : AdjDeg ; -fun bibliography658 : N ; -fun biconditional659 : V ; -fun bicycle660 : N ; -fun bidirectional661 : Adj1 ; -fun big662 : AdjDeg ; -fun bike663 : N ; -fun bill664 : N ; -fun bill665 : N ; -fun billion666 : N ; -fun bin667 : N ; -fun binary668 : Adj1 ; -fun bind669 : TV ; -fun binding670 : N ; -fun bird671 : N ; -fun birth672 : N ; -fun birthday673 : N ; -fun bisect674 : V ; -fun bisector675 : N ; -fun bit676 : N ; -fun bite678 : TV ; -fun bitter680 : Adj1 ; -fun bizarre682 : Adj1 ; -fun black683 : AdjDeg ; -fun blackboard684 : N ; -fun blade685 : N ; -fun blame686 : V3 ; -fun blame687 : N ; -fun blame688 : N ; -fun blank689 : AdjDeg ; -fun blank690 : N ; -fun bleed693 : V ; -fun blind695 : AdjDeg ; -fun blind696 : TV ; -fun block697 : N ; -fun block698 : TV ; -fun blood699 : N ; -fun blow700 : N ; -fun blow701 : V ; -fun blue703 : AdjDeg ; -fun bluff704 : TV ; -fun board705 : N ; -fun boat706 : N ; -fun body707 : N ; -fun boil708 : TV ; -fun bold709 : AdjDeg ; -fun bomb710 : N ; -fun bomb711 : TV ; -fun bombard712 : TV ; -fun bond713 : N ; -fun bond714 : V3 ; -fun bone715 : N ; -fun bonus716 : N ; -fun book717 : N ; -fun bookkeeping718 : N ; -fun boolean719 : Adj1 ; -fun boorish720 : Adj1 ; -fun boost721 : TV ; -fun boot722 : N ; -fun bootstrap723 : N ; -fun border724 : N ; -fun border725 : TV ; -fun bore726 : N ; -fun bore727 : TV ; -fun borrow731 : V3 ; -fun boss732 : N ; -fun both735 : AdjDeg ; -fun bother736 : V ; -fun bother737 : V ; -fun bother738 : TV ; -fun bother739 : TV ; -fun bottle740 : N ; -fun bottom741 : N ; -fun bough742 : N ; -fun bound745 : Adj2 ; -fun bound748 : TV ; -fun boundary749 : N ; -fun bounded750 : Adj1 ; -fun bow751 : N ; -fun bowl752 : N ; -fun box753 : N ; -fun boy754 : N ; -fun brace755 : N ; -fun bracket756 : N ; -fun bracket757 : TV ; -fun brain758 : N ; -fun branch759 : V ; -fun brand760 : N ; -fun brandy761 : N ; -fun brass762 : N ; -fun brave763 : AdjDeg ; -fun breach764 : N ; -fun breach765 : TV ; -fun bread766 : N ; -fun breadth767 : N ; -fun break768 : N ; -fun break769 : TV ; -fun breakage770 : N ; -fun breakfast771 : N ; -fun breath772 : N ; -fun breathe773 : TV ; -fun breed774 : V ; -fun breed775 : N ; -fun breeze776 : N ; -fun brew777 : TV ; -fun brick778 : N ; -fun bridge779 : N ; -fun bridge780 : TV ; -fun brief781 : AdjDeg ; -fun briefs782 : N ; -fun bright783 : AdjDeg ; -fun brilliant785 : AdjDeg ; -fun bring786 : TV ; -fun bristle787 : N ; -fun britain788 : N ; -fun british789 : Adj1 ; -fun broach790 : TV ; -fun broad791 : AdjDeg ; -fun broadcast792 : N ; -fun bronchitis795 : N ; -fun brother796 : N ; -fun brother797 : N ; -fun brown800 : AdjDeg ; -fun bruise801 : N ; -fun bruise802 : TV ; -fun brute803 : N ; -fun bucket804 : N ; -fun bud805 : N ; -fun bud806 : TV ; -fun buffer807 : N ; -fun buffer808 : TV ; -fun bug809 : N ; -fun build810 : TV ; -fun building811 : N ; -fun bullet814 : N ; -fun bully815 : N ; -fun bully816 : TV ; -fun bun817 : N ; -fun bunch818 : N ; -fun bundle819 : N ; -fun burden820 : N ; -fun burn821 : TV ; -fun burst825 : V ; -fun burst826 : V ; -fun bury827 : TV ; -fun bus828 : N ; -fun bush829 : N ; -fun business830 : N ; -fun busy831 : AdjDeg ; -fun butter833 : N ; -fun butter834 : TV ; -fun butterfly835 : N ; -fun button836 : N ; -fun buy837 : TV ; -fun buzz838 : V ; -fun cabinet842 : N ; -fun cable843 : N ; -fun cage844 : N ; -fun cake845 : N ; -fun calculate846 : V ; -fun calculus847 : N ; -fun call848 : N ; -fun call849 : TV ; -fun calm850 : AdjDeg ; -fun cam851 : N ; -fun cambridge852 : N ; -fun camel854 : N ; -fun camera855 : N ; -fun camp856 : N ; -fun campaign857 : N ; -fun can858 : N ; -fun can859 : V3 ; -fun can860 : TV ; -fun canada861 : N ; -fun canadian862 : AdjDeg ; -fun cancel863 : TV ; -fun cancer864 : N ; -fun candid865 : Adj1 ; -fun candidate866 : N ; -fun candle867 : N ; -fun cannon868 : N ; -fun canonical870 : Adj1 ; -fun cap872 : N ; -fun capable873 : Adj2 ; -fun capable874 : Adj2 ; -fun capacity875 : N ; -fun capital876 : N ; -fun captain877 : N ; -fun captain878 : N ; -fun capture879 : TV ; -fun car880 : N ; -fun card881 : N ; -fun cardboard882 : N ; -fun cardinal883 : Adj1 ; -fun cardinal884 : N ; -fun care885 : V ; -fun care886 : N ; -fun career887 : N ; -fun carriage888 : N ; -fun carry889 : TV ; -fun cart890 : N ; -fun cartesian891 : Adj1 ; -fun carve892 : TV ; -fun case893 : N ; -fun cash894 : N ; -fun cast895 : N ; -fun cast897 : TV ; -fun cast898 : V ; -fun castle899 : N ; -fun casual900 : Adj1 ; -fun cat901 : N ; -fun catch902 : N ; -fun catch903 : TV ; -fun categorical904 : Adj1 ; -fun category905 : N ; -fun cater906 : TV ; -fun cattle907 : N ; -fun cause910 : N ; -fun cause911 : TV ; -fun caution912 : N ; -fun cautious913 : Adj1 ; -fun cave914 : N ; -fun caviar915 : N ; -fun cease916 : V ; -fun ceiling917 : N ; -fun cell918 : N ; -fun cellar919 : N ; -fun cement920 : N ; -fun cement921 : N ; -fun census922 : N ; -fun cent923 : N ; -fun centaur924 : N ; -fun center925 : N ; -fun centre926 : N ; -fun centre927 : TV ; -fun century928 : N ; -fun ceremonial929 : Adj1 ; -fun ceremony930 : N ; -fun certain931 : Adj2 ; -fun certain932 : Adj2 ; -fun certain933 : Adj2 ; -fun certain934 : AdjDeg ; -fun certainty935 : N ; -fun certainty936 : N ; -fun certify937 : TV ; -fun certitude938 : N ; -fun chain939 : N ; -fun chain940 : V3 ; -fun chair941 : N ; -fun chairman942 : N ; -fun chairmen943 : N ; -fun chairwoman944 : N ; -fun chairwomen945 : N ; -fun chalk946 : N ; -fun challenge947 : N ; -fun challenge948 : N ; -fun chance949 : N ; -fun chancellor950 : N ; -fun change951 : V ; -fun change952 : N ; -fun change953 : TV ; -fun channel954 : N ; -fun chap955 : N ; -fun chapter956 : N ; -fun char957 : TV ; -fun character958 : N ; -fun characteristic959 : N ; -fun characteristic960 : AdjDeg ; -fun characteristic961 : AdjDeg ; -fun characteristically962 : Adj1 ; -fun characterize963 : TV ; -fun charge964 : N ; -fun charge965 : V3 ; -fun charitable966 : Adj1 ; -fun charity967 : N ; -fun charm968 : N ; -fun charm969 : TV ; -fun charming970 : Adj1 ; -fun chart971 : N ; -fun chase972 : TV ; -fun chaste973 : AdjDeg ; -fun cheap974 : AdjDeg ; -fun cheat975 : N ; -fun cheat976 : TV ; -fun check977 : N ; -fun check978 : TV ; -fun checkmate979 : N ; -fun cheek980 : N ; -fun cheer981 : V ; -fun cheer982 : N ; -fun cheerful983 : Adj1 ; -fun cheese984 : N ; -fun chemical985 : AdjDeg ; -fun chemist986 : N ; -fun chemistry987 : N ; -fun cheque988 : N ; -fun chequered989 : Adj1 ; -fun chess990 : N ; -fun chest991 : N ; -fun chicken992 : N ; -fun chief993 : N ; -fun chief994 : AdjDeg ; -fun child995 : N ; -fun children996 : N ; -fun chimney997 : N ; -fun chin998 : N ; -fun china999 : N ; -fun chinaman1000 : N ; -fun chinese1001 : Adj1 ; -fun chocolate1002 : N ; -fun choice1003 : N ; -fun choose1004 : TV ; -fun christian1007 : N ; -fun christmas1008 : N ; -fun chronic1009 : Adj1 ; -fun chronology1010 : N ; -fun chunk1011 : N ; -fun church1012 : N ; -fun churn1013 : N ; -fun churn1014 : TV ; -fun churn1015 : TV ; -fun cigar1016 : N ; -fun cigarette1017 : N ; -fun cinema1018 : N ; -fun circle1019 : N ; -fun circuit1020 : N ; -fun circular1021 : Adj1 ; -fun circulate1022 : V ; -fun circumscribe1023 : TV ; -fun circumstance1024 : N ; -fun circumvent1025 : V ; -fun cite1026 : TV ; -fun citizen1027 : N ; -fun city1028 : N ; -fun civilize1029 : TV ; -fun clad1030 : Adj2 ; -fun clad1031 : Adj2 ; -fun claim1032 : TV ; -fun claim1033 : N ; -fun clan1034 : N ; -fun clap1035 : V ; -fun clap1036 : N ; -fun clarify1037 : TV ; -fun clarity1038 : N ; -fun clash1039 : TV ; -fun class1040 : N ; -fun class1041 : TV ; -fun classic1042 : Adj1 ; -fun classify1043 : TV ; -fun clause1044 : N ; -fun clay1045 : N ; -fun clean1046 : AdjDeg ; -fun clean1047 : TV ; -fun clear1048 : TV ; -fun clear1049 : AdjDeg ; -fun clear1050 : AdjDeg ; -fun cleave1051 : TV ; -fun cleaver1052 : N ; -fun cleft1053 : N ; -fun clerk1056 : N ; -fun clever1057 : AdjDeg ; -fun client1058 : N ; -fun cliff1059 : N ; -fun climate1060 : N ; -fun climax1061 : N ; -fun climb1062 : TV ; -fun clinic1063 : N ; -fun clip1064 : N ; -fun clitic1065 : N ; -fun clock1066 : N ; -fun clog1067 : N ; -fun close1068 : TV ; -fun close1069 : AdjDeg ; -fun close1070 : AdjDeg ; -fun closet1071 : N ; -fun closure1072 : N ; -fun cloth1073 : N ; -fun clothe1074 : TV ; -fun clothes1075 : N ; -fun clothing1076 : N ; -fun cloud1077 : N ; -fun club1079 : N ; -fun clue1080 : N ; -fun clumsy1081 : AdjDeg ; -fun clutter1082 : N ; -fun coach1084 : N ; -fun coach1085 : TV ; -fun coal1086 : N ; -fun coalesce1087 : TV ; -fun coarse1088 : AdjDeg ; -fun coast1089 : N ; -fun coast1090 : TV ; -fun coaster1091 : N ; -fun coat1092 : N ; -fun cocktail1093 : N ; -fun cocoa1094 : N ; -fun coconut1095 : N ; -fun code1096 : N ; -fun code1097 : TV ; -fun coefficient1098 : N ; -fun coerce1099 : V ; -fun coffee1100 : N ; -fun cog1101 : N ; -fun cognition1102 : N ; -fun cognitive1103 : Adj1 ; -fun coherence1104 : N ; -fun coherent1105 : Adj1 ; -fun coin1106 : N ; -fun coincide1107 : TV ; -fun coincidence1108 : N ; -fun coincidental1109 : Adj1 ; -fun cold1110 : AdjDeg ; -fun cold1111 : N ; -fun collaborate1112 : TV ; -fun collapse1113 : N ; -fun collapse1114 : TV ; -fun collar1115 : N ; -fun colleague1116 : N ; -fun collect1117 : V3 ; -fun college1118 : N ; -fun collide1119 : V ; -fun collinear1120 : Adj1 ; -fun collision1121 : N ; -fun colon1122 : N ; -fun colony1123 : N ; -fun colour1124 : N ; -fun colour1125 : TV ; -fun column1126 : N ; -fun comb1127 : N ; -fun combat1128 : N ; -fun combinator1129 : N ; -fun combine1130 : V3 ; -fun come1131 : TV ; -fun comedy1132 : N ; -fun comfort1133 : N ; -fun comfort1134 : TV ; -fun comfortable1135 : Adj1 ; -fun comma1136 : N ; -fun command1137 : N ; -fun command1138 : TV ; -fun commence1139 : V ; -fun comment1140 : N ; -fun comment1141 : TV ; -fun commerce1142 : N ; -fun commercial1143 : N ; -fun commission1144 : TV ; -fun commission1145 : N ; -fun commit1146 : V ; -fun committee1147 : N ; -fun commodity1148 : N ; -fun common1149 : AdjDeg ; -fun commonsense1150 : Adj1 ; -fun commonwealth1151 : N ; -fun commune1152 : N ; -fun communicate1153 : TV ; -fun community1154 : N ; -fun commutative1155 : Adj1 ; -fun commutator1156 : N ; -fun compact1157 : Adj1 ; -fun companion1158 : N ; -fun company1159 : N ; -fun comparative1160 : Adj1 ; -fun comparative1161 : N ; -fun compare1162 : V3 ; -fun comparison1163 : N ; -fun compass1164 : V ; -fun compatible1165 : AdjDeg ; -fun compatible1166 : AdjDeg ; -fun compel1167 : TV ; -fun compensate1168 : TV ; -fun compete1169 : TV ; -fun competence1170 : N ; -fun competent1171 : Adj1 ; -fun competition1172 : N ; -fun competitor1173 : N ; -fun compile1174 : TV ; -fun complain1175 : TV ; -fun complaint1176 : N ; -fun complement1177 : N ; -fun complement1178 : TV ; -fun complementary1179 : AdjDeg ; -fun complementary1180 : AdjDeg ; -fun complete1181 : Adj1 ; -fun complete1182 : TV ; -fun complex1183 : Adj1 ; -fun complex1184 : N ; -fun complicate1185 : TV ; -fun compliment1186 : N ; -fun compliment1187 : TV ; -fun comply1188 : TV ; -fun component1189 : N ; -fun compose1190 : TV ; -fun composite1191 : Adj1 ; -fun composition1192 : N ; -fun compound1193 : Adj1 ; -fun compound1194 : N ; -fun compound1195 : TV ; -fun comprehend1196 : TV ; -fun comprehensible1197 : AdjDeg ; -fun comprehensible1198 : AdjDeg ; -fun comprehension1199 : N ; -fun comprehensive1200 : Adj1 ; -fun compress1201 : TV ; -fun comprise1202 : TV ; -fun compromise1203 : V ; -fun compute1204 : TV ; -fun computer1205 : N ; -fun concatenate1206 : V ; -fun concave1207 : AdjDeg ; -fun conceal1208 : TV ; -fun concede1209 : TV ; -fun conceive1210 : TV ; -fun concentrate1211 : TV ; -fun concept1212 : N ; -fun conception1213 : N ; -fun conceptual1214 : Adj1 ; -fun concern1215 : N ; -fun concern1216 : TV ; -fun concert1218 : N ; -fun concerted1219 : Adj1 ; -fun concession1220 : N ; -fun concise1221 : Adj1 ; -fun conclude1222 : TV ; -fun conclusion1223 : N ; -fun conclusive1224 : Adj1 ; -fun concomitant1225 : Adj1 ; -fun concrete1226 : Adj1 ; -fun concrete1227 : N ; -fun concur1228 : TV ; -fun concurrent1229 : Adj1 ; -fun condemn1230 : TV ; -fun condition1231 : N ; -fun condition1232 : TV ; -fun conditional1233 : N ; -fun conducive1234 : AdjDeg ; -fun conduct1235 : N ; -fun conduct1236 : TV ; -fun confer1237 : TV ; -fun conference1238 : N ; -fun confess1239 : TV ; -fun confidence1240 : N ; -fun confident1241 : Adj1 ; -fun configure1242 : TV ; -fun confine1243 : V3 ; -fun confirm1244 : TV ; -fun conflate1245 : V ; -fun conflict1246 : TV ; -fun confluence1247 : N ; -fun confluent1248 : Adj1 ; -fun conform1249 : TV ; -fun confound1250 : TV ; -fun confounded1251 : Adj1 ; -fun confront1252 : V3 ; -fun confuse1253 : V ; -fun congruence1254 : N ; -fun congruent1255 : Adj1 ; -fun conjecture1256 : TV ; -fun conjoin1257 : TV ; -fun conjunct1258 : N ; -fun conjunction1259 : N ; -fun conjunctive1260 : Adj1 ; -fun connect1261 : TV ; -fun connective1262 : N ; -fun conquer1263 : TV ; -fun conqueror1264 : N ; -fun conquest1265 : N ; -fun conscience1266 : N ; -fun conscious1267 : Adj2 ; -fun conscious1268 : Adj2 ; -fun consecutive1269 : Adj1 ; -fun consensus1270 : N ; -fun consequence1271 : N ; -fun consequent1272 : Adj1 ; -fun conservative1273 : Adj1 ; -fun conserve1274 : TV ; -fun consider1275 : TV ; -fun consider1276 : V3 ; -fun consider1277 : TV ; -fun consider1278 : TV ; -fun considerate1279 : Adj1 ; -fun consist1280 : TV ; -fun consistency1281 : N ; -fun consistent1282 : AdjDeg ; -fun consistent1283 : AdjDeg ; -fun consonant1284 : Adj2 ; -fun consonant1285 : Adj2 ; -fun consonant1286 : N ; -fun constant1287 : Adj1 ; -fun constant1288 : N ; -fun constellation1289 : N ; -fun constituency1290 : N ; -fun constituent1291 : N ; -fun constitute1292 : TV ; -fun constrain1293 : TV ; -fun constraint1294 : N ; -fun constrict1295 : TV ; -fun construct1296 : V ; -fun constructor1297 : N ; -fun construe1298 : TV ; -fun consult1299 : TV ; -fun consume1300 : TV ; -fun consumption1301 : N ; -fun contact1302 : N ; -fun contact1303 : TV ; -fun contagion1304 : N ; -fun contagious1305 : Adj1 ; -fun contain1306 : TV ; -fun contaminate1307 : TV ; -fun contemplate1308 : TV ; -fun contemporary1309 : Adj1 ; -fun contemporary1310 : N ; -fun contend1311 : TV ; -fun content1312 : Adj2 ; -fun content1313 : Adj2 ; -fun contented1314 : AdjDeg ; -fun contented1315 : AdjDeg ; -fun contention1316 : N ; -fun contents1317 : N ; -fun context1318 : N ; -fun contextual1319 : Adj1 ; -fun contiguous1320 : AdjDeg ; -fun contiguous1321 : AdjDeg ; -fun contingency1322 : N ; -fun contingent1323 : AdjDeg ; -fun contingent1324 : AdjDeg ; -fun continual1325 : Adj1 ; -fun continue1326 : TV ; -fun continue1327 : TV ; -fun continuity1328 : N ; -fun continuous1329 : Adj1 ; -fun continuum1330 : N ; -fun contour1331 : N ; -fun contract1332 : V ; -fun contract1333 : N ; -fun contradict1334 : TV ; -fun contrary1335 : AdjDeg ; -fun contrary1336 : AdjDeg ; -fun contrast1337 : N ; -fun contrast1338 : V3 ; -fun contrastive1339 : Adj1 ; -fun contravene1340 : TV ; -fun contribute1341 : TV ; -fun control1342 : N ; -fun control1343 : TV ; -fun controversial1344 : Adj1 ; -fun controversy1345 : N ; -fun convenience1346 : N ; -fun convenient1347 : Adj1 ; -fun convention1348 : N ; -fun converge1349 : TV ; -fun convergence1350 : N ; -fun conversation1351 : N ; -fun converse1352 : Adj1 ; -fun converse1353 : TV ; -fun conversion1354 : N ; -fun convert1355 : V3 ; -fun convey1356 : TV ; -fun convict1357 : N ; -fun convict1358 : TV ; -fun conviction1359 : N ; -fun convince1360 : V3 ; -fun convincing1361 : Adj1 ; -fun convoluted1362 : Adj1 ; -fun cook1363 : N ; -fun cook1364 : TV ; -fun cool1365 : AdjDeg ; -fun cool1366 : TV ; -fun coordinate1367 : TV ; -fun cope1368 : TV ; -fun copper1369 : N ; -fun copula1370 : N ; -fun copy1371 : N ; -fun copy1372 : TV ; -fun copyright1373 : N ; -fun cord1374 : N ; -fun corn1375 : N ; -fun corner1376 : N ; -fun corollary1377 : N ; -fun corporation1379 : N ; -fun corpus1380 : N ; -fun correct1381 : Adj1 ; -fun correct1382 : TV ; -fun correlate1383 : TV ; -fun correspond1384 : TV ; -fun correspondence1385 : N ; -fun corresponding1386 : Adj1 ; -fun cosmetic1387 : Adj1 ; -fun cost1388 : N ; -fun cost1389 : TV ; -fun cost1390 : TV ; -fun costly1391 : AdjDeg ; -fun costume1392 : N ; -fun cotton1393 : N ; -fun cough1394 : V ; -fun cough1395 : N ; -fun could1396 : V3 ; -fun council1398 : N ; -fun councillor1399 : N ; -fun count1401 : TV ; -fun counterfactual1402 : Adj1 ; -fun counterintuitive1403 : Adj1 ; -fun country1404 : N ; -fun county1405 : N ; -fun couple1406 : N ; -fun couple1407 : TV ; -fun courage1408 : N ; -fun course1409 : N ; -fun court1410 : N ; -fun court1411 : TV ; -fun court1412 : TV ; -fun courteous1413 : Adj1 ; -fun courtesy1414 : N ; -fun cover1415 : N ; -fun cover1416 : TV ; -fun covert1417 : Adj1 ; -fun cow1418 : N ; -fun coward1419 : N ; -fun crab1420 : N ; -fun crack1421 : N ; -fun crack1422 : TV ; -fun craft1423 : N ; -fun crafty1424 : AdjDeg ; -fun crag1425 : N ; -fun crash1426 : V ; -fun crate1427 : N ; -fun crater1428 : N ; -fun crave1429 : TV ; -fun crawl1430 : TV ; -fun crayfish1431 : N ; -fun crayon1432 : N ; -fun craze1433 : N ; -fun crazy1434 : AdjDeg ; -fun cream1435 : N ; -fun create1436 : V ; -fun creator1437 : N ; -fun creature1438 : N ; -fun credit1439 : N ; -fun creep1440 : TV ; -fun cricket1443 : N ; -fun crime1444 : N ; -fun criminal1445 : Adj1 ; -fun criminal1446 : N ; -fun crisis1448 : N ; -fun criterion1450 : N ; -fun critic1451 : N ; -fun criticise1452 : TV ; -fun criticism1453 : N ; -fun criticize1454 : TV ; -fun critique1455 : N ; -fun crochet1456 : N ; -fun crochet1457 : TV ; -fun crochet1458 : TV ; -fun crop1459 : N ; -fun crop1460 : TV ; -fun cross1461 : AdjDeg ; -fun cross1462 : N ; -fun cross1463 : TV ; -fun crow1464 : V ; -fun crow1465 : N ; -fun crowd1466 : N ; -fun crown1467 : N ; -fun crown1468 : TV ; -fun crucial1469 : Adj1 ; -fun crude1470 : AdjDeg ; -fun cruel1471 : AdjDeg ; -fun cruel1472 : AdjDeg ; -fun cruelty1473 : N ; -fun crush1474 : TV ; -fun cry1475 : V ; -fun cry1476 : N ; -fun cub1477 : N ; -fun cube1478 : N ; -fun cubic1479 : Adj1 ; -fun cue1480 : N ; -fun cue1481 : TV ; -fun culprit1482 : N ; -fun cultivate1483 : TV ; -fun culture1484 : N ; -fun cumbersome1485 : Adj1 ; -fun cumulative1486 : Adj1 ; -fun cunning1487 : Adj1 ; -fun cup1488 : N ; -fun cupboard1489 : N ; -fun curb1490 : TV ; -fun cure1491 : N ; -fun cure1492 : V3 ; -fun curiosity1493 : N ; -fun curious1494 : Adj1 ; -fun curl1495 : V ; -fun curl1496 : N ; -fun current1497 : Adj1 ; -fun current1498 : N ; -fun curriculum1499 : N ; -fun curse1500 : N ; -fun curse1501 : TV ; -fun curtain1502 : N ; -fun curvature1503 : N ; -fun curve1504 : V ; -fun curve1505 : N ; -fun custard1506 : N ; -fun custom1507 : N ; -fun cut1508 : N ; -fun cut1509 : TV ; -fun cut1510 : TV ; -fun cut1511 : TV ; -fun cycle1512 : V ; -fun cyclic1513 : Adj1 ; -fun cynic1514 : N ; -fun dagger1515 : N ; -fun daily1516 : Adj1 ; -fun damage1517 : N ; -fun damage1518 : TV ; -fun dance1519 : N ; -fun dance1520 : TV ; -fun danger1521 : N ; -fun dangle1522 : TV ; -fun dare1523 : V3 ; -fun dare1524 : TV ; -fun dark1528 : N ; -fun dark1529 : AdjDeg ; -fun darken1530 : TV ; -fun darken1531 : TV ; -fun database1533 : N ; -fun date1534 : N ; -fun dative1535 : Adj1 ; -fun datum1536 : N ; -fun daughter1537 : N ; -fun day1538 : N ; -fun dead1540 : AdjDeg ; -fun deaf1541 : AdjDeg ; -fun deal1542 : N ; -fun deal1543 : TV ; -fun dear1546 : AdjDeg ; -fun dear1547 : AdjDeg ; -fun death1548 : N ; -fun debate1549 : N ; -fun debate1550 : TV ; -fun debt1551 : N ; -fun debtor1552 : N ; -fun debug1553 : TV ; -fun decade1554 : N ; -fun decay1555 : V ; -fun deceive1556 : TV ; -fun december1557 : N ; -fun deception1558 : N ; -fun deceptive1559 : Adj1 ; -fun decide1560 : TV ; -fun decimal1561 : Adj1 ; -fun decimal1562 : N ; -fun decision1563 : N ; -fun decisive1564 : Adj1 ; -fun declare1565 : TV ; -fun declare1566 : TV ; -fun decompose1567 : TV ; -fun decomposition1568 : N ; -fun decrease1569 : V ; -fun decrease1570 : N ; -fun decrement1571 : TV ; -fun dedicate1572 : V3 ; -fun deduce1573 : TV ; -fun deducible1574 : Adj1 ; -fun deed1575 : N ; -fun deep1576 : AdjDeg ; -fun deer1577 : N ; -fun defeat1578 : N ; -fun defeat1579 : TV ; -fun defect1580 : N ; -fun defect1581 : TV ; -fun defence1582 : N ; -fun defend1583 : TV ; -fun defense1584 : N ; -fun defensible1585 : Adj1 ; -fun defer1586 : TV ; -fun deficiency1587 : N ; -fun deficient1588 : Adj1 ; -fun define1589 : TV ; -fun definite1590 : AdjDeg ; -fun definition1591 : N ; -fun definitive1592 : Adj1 ; -fun deform1593 : TV ; -fun defy1594 : TV ; -fun degrade1595 : TV ; -fun degree1596 : N ; -fun delay1597 : N ; -fun delay1598 : TV ; -fun delete1599 : V ; -fun deliberate1600 : Adj1 ; -fun delicacy1601 : N ; -fun delicate1602 : Adj1 ; -fun delight1603 : N ; -fun delight1604 : TV ; -fun delimit1605 : TV ; -fun delineate1606 : TV ; -fun deliver1607 : TV ; -fun delve1608 : TV ; -fun demand1609 : N ; -fun demand1610 : TV ; -fun demonstrate1611 : TV ; -fun denial1612 : N ; -fun denote1613 : TV ; -fun dense1614 : AdjDeg ; -fun deny1615 : TV ; -fun depart1616 : TV ; -fun department1617 : N ; -fun departure1618 : N ; -fun depend1619 : TV ; -fun dependence1620 : N ; -fun dependency1621 : N ; -fun dependent1622 : N ; -fun dependent1623 : AdjDeg ; -fun dependent1624 : AdjDeg ; -fun depict1625 : TV ; -fun deploy1626 : TV ; -fun deposit1627 : N ; -fun deposit1628 : TV ; -fun depress1629 : V ; -fun depressing1630 : Adj1 ; -fun depth1631 : N ; -fun derivative1632 : N ; -fun derive1633 : TV ; -fun descend1634 : TV ; -fun descendant1635 : N ; -fun descent1636 : N ; -fun describe1637 : TV ; -fun description1638 : N ; -fun descriptive1639 : Adj1 ; -fun desert1640 : N ; -fun deserve1641 : TV ; -fun design1642 : N ; -fun design1643 : TV ; -fun designate1644 : TV ; -fun desire1645 : N ; -fun desire1646 : TV ; -fun desire1647 : TV ; -fun desire1648 : TV ; -fun desk1649 : N ; -fun despair1650 : N ; -fun despair1651 : TV ; -fun despair1652 : TV ; -fun desperate1653 : AdjDeg ; -fun desperate1654 : AdjDeg ; -fun desperation1655 : N ; -fun destination1656 : N ; -fun destiny1657 : N ; -fun destroy1658 : TV ; -fun destruction1659 : N ; -fun destructive1660 : Adj1 ; -fun detach1661 : TV ; -fun detail1662 : N ; -fun detailed1663 : Adj1 ; -fun detect1664 : TV ; -fun deteriorate1665 : TV ; -fun determinate1666 : Adj1 ; -fun determine1667 : TV ; -fun determinism1668 : N ; -fun deterministic1669 : Adj1 ; -fun determinize1670 : TV ; -fun detract1671 : TV ; -fun develop1672 : TV ; -fun deviance1673 : N ; -fun deviant1674 : AdjDeg ; -fun deviate1675 : V ; -fun devil1676 : N ; -fun devise1677 : TV ; -fun devote1678 : V3 ; -fun devour1679 : TV ; -fun diagnose1680 : TV ; -fun diagnosis1681 : N ; -fun diagnostic1682 : Adj1 ; -fun diagonal1683 : Adj1 ; -fun diagonal1684 : N ; -fun diagram1685 : N ; -fun diagrammatic1686 : Adj1 ; -fun diagrammatically1687 : AdV ; -fun dialect1688 : N ; -fun dialogue1689 : N ; -fun diamond1690 : N ; -fun dice1691 : N ; -fun dichotomy1692 : N ; -fun dictionary1693 : N ; -fun die1696 : V ; -fun die1697 : N ; -fun differ1698 : TV ; -fun difference1699 : N ; -fun different1700 : Adj2 ; -fun different1701 : Adj2 ; -fun differentiate1702 : V ; -fun difficult1703 : Adj2 ; -fun difficult1704 : Adj2 ; -fun difficulty1705 : N ; -fun diffuse1706 : Adj1 ; -fun diffuse1707 : V ; -fun dig1708 : TV ; -fun digest1709 : N ; -fun digest1710 : TV ; -fun digit1711 : N ; -fun digital1712 : Adj1 ; -fun dilate1713 : V ; -fun dimension1714 : N ; -fun diminish1715 : TV ; -fun dine1716 : V ; -fun dinner1717 : N ; -fun dire1718 : AdjDeg ; -fun direct1719 : Adj1 ; -fun direct1720 : V3 ; -fun direction1721 : N ; -fun director1722 : N ; -fun directory1723 : N ; -fun dirt1724 : N ; -fun disable1726 : TV ; -fun disadvantage1727 : N ; -fun disambiguate1728 : TV ; -fun disarm1729 : TV ; -fun disarmament1730 : N ; -fun disappoint1731 : TV ; -fun disaster1732 : N ; -fun disastrous1733 : Adj1 ; -fun disbelief1734 : N ; -fun disc1735 : N ; -fun discard1736 : TV ; -fun discern1737 : TV ; -fun discipline1738 : N ; -fun disciplined1739 : Adj1 ; -fun discontinuity1740 : N ; -fun discontinuous1741 : Adj1 ; -fun discourage1742 : TV ; -fun discourse1743 : N ; -fun discover1744 : TV ; -fun discover1745 : TV ; -fun discovery1746 : N ; -fun discrepancy1747 : N ; -fun discrete1748 : AdjDeg ; -fun discriminate1749 : V ; -fun discuss1750 : V ; -fun discussion1751 : N ; -fun discussion1752 : N ; -fun discussion1753 : N ; -fun discussion1754 : N ; -fun disease1755 : N ; -fun diseased1756 : Adj1 ; -fun disguise1757 : V ; -fun disguise1758 : N ; -fun disguise1759 : TV ; -fun dish1760 : N ; -fun dishonest1761 : Adj1 ; -fun disillusion1762 : TV ; -fun disjoint1763 : Adj1 ; -fun disjunct1764 : N ; -fun disjunction1765 : N ; -fun disjunctive1766 : Adj1 ; -fun disk1767 : N ; -fun dislocate1768 : TV ; -fun dismiss1769 : TV ; -fun disparate1770 : Adj1 ; -fun dispense1771 : TV ; -fun dispensible1772 : Adj1 ; -fun display1773 : N ; -fun display1774 : TV ; -fun dispose1775 : TV ; -fun disproportionate1776 : Adj1 ; -fun dispute1777 : N ; -fun dispute1778 : TV ; -fun disquieting1779 : Adj1 ; -fun disrupt1780 : TV ; -fun dissatisfaction1781 : N ; -fun dissatisfied1782 : Adj1 ; -fun dissent1783 : V ; -fun dissertation1784 : N ; -fun dissimilar1785 : Adj2 ; -fun dissimilar1786 : Adj2 ; -fun distance1787 : N ; -fun distant1788 : Adj2 ; -fun distant1789 : Adj2 ; -fun distinct1790 : AdjDeg ; -fun distinct1791 : AdjDeg ; -fun distinction1792 : N ; -fun distinctive1793 : Adj1 ; -fun distinguish1794 : V3 ; -fun distract1795 : V3 ; -fun distribute1796 : V ; -fun district1797 : N ; -fun disturb1798 : TV ; -fun ditch1799 : N ; -fun ditransitive1800 : Adj1 ; -fun dive1801 : N ; -fun dive1802 : TV ; -fun diverse1803 : Adj1 ; -fun divide1804 : TV ; -fun dividend1805 : N ; -fun divine1806 : Adj1 ; -fun divisible1807 : Adj1 ; -fun division1808 : N ; -fun divisor1809 : N ; -fun divorce1810 : V3 ; -fun do1811 : V ; -fun do1812 : TV ; -fun doctor1813 : N ; -fun document1814 : N ; -fun document1815 : TV ; -fun dog1820 : N ; -fun dollar1821 : N ; -fun dolt1822 : N ; -fun domain1824 : N ; -fun dome1825 : N ; -fun dominance1826 : N ; -fun dominant1827 : Adj1 ; -fun dominate1828 : V ; -fun donate1829 : V3 ; -fun donkey1831 : N ; -fun doom1835 : N ; -fun doomed1836 : Adj1 ; -fun doomsday1837 : N ; -fun door1838 : N ; -fun dormancy1839 : N ; -fun dormant1840 : AdjDeg ; -fun dosage1841 : N ; -fun dose1842 : N ; -fun dose1843 : V3 ; -fun dot1844 : N ; -fun double1845 : Adj1 ; -fun double1846 : TV ; -fun doubt1847 : TV ; -fun doubt1848 : TV ; -fun doubt1849 : N ; -fun dour1850 : AdjDeg ; -fun dove1851 : N ; -fun down1852 : N ; -fun downward1855 : AdV ; -fun doze1856 : TV ; -fun dozen1857 : N ; -fun draft1858 : N ; -fun drag1859 : N ; -fun drag1860 : TV ; -fun drain1861 : N ; -fun drain1862 : TV ; -fun dram1863 : N ; -fun drama1864 : N ; -fun dramatic1865 : Adj1 ; -fun dramatically1866 : AdV ; -fun dramatist1867 : N ; -fun drastic1869 : Adj1 ; -fun drastically1870 : AdV ; -fun draught1871 : N ; -fun draw1872 : TV ; -fun drawback1873 : N ; -fun drawer1874 : N ; -fun dread1876 : N ; -fun dread1877 : TV ; -fun dreadful1878 : Adj1 ; -fun dream1879 : N ; -fun dream1880 : TV ; -fun dress1883 : V ; -fun dress1884 : N ; -fun drill1886 : N ; -fun drill1887 : TV ; -fun drink1888 : N ; -fun drink1889 : TV ; -fun drive1890 : V ; -fun drop1892 : N ; -fun drop1893 : TV ; -fun drought1894 : N ; -fun drown1896 : V ; -fun drug1897 : N ; -fun drum1898 : N ; -fun drunk1899 : AdjDeg ; -fun dry1901 : AdjDeg ; -fun dry1902 : TV ; -fun dual1903 : Adj1 ; -fun dubious1904 : Adj1 ; -fun duck1905 : N ; -fun duck1906 : TV ; -fun due1907 : AdjDeg ; -fun due1908 : AdjDeg ; -fun duel1909 : N ; -fun dull1912 : AdjDeg ; -fun dumb1913 : AdjDeg ; -fun dummy1914 : N ; -fun dump1915 : N ; -fun dump1916 : TV ; -fun dumpling1917 : N ; -fun duplicate1918 : V ; -fun dust1920 : N ; -fun dutch1921 : Adj1 ; -fun duty1922 : N ; -fun dwarf1923 : N ; -fun dwarf1924 : TV ; -fun dwell1925 : TV ; -fun dwelling1926 : N ; -fun dwelt1927 : TV ; -fun dwelt1928 : TV ; -fun dynamic1929 : Adj1 ; -fun dynamically1930 : AdV ; -fun dynamism1931 : N ; -fun dynamo1932 : N ; -fun each1933 : AdjDeg ; -fun each1934 : N ; -fun eager1935 : Adj2 ; -fun eager1936 : Adj2 ; -fun ear1937 : N ; -fun earl1938 : N ; -fun early1939 : AdjDeg ; -fun earn1940 : TV ; -fun earth1943 : N ; -fun ease1944 : N ; -fun east1945 : N ; -fun east1946 : AdjDeg ; -fun east1947 : AdjDeg ; -fun eastern1948 : AdjDeg ; -fun easy1949 : AdjDeg ; -fun easy1950 : AdjDeg ; -fun eat1951 : TV ; -fun ebb1953 : TV ; -fun echo1954 : N ; -fun echo1955 : TV ; -fun economic1956 : Adj1 ; -fun economical1957 : Adj1 ; -fun economy1958 : N ; -fun edge1961 : N ; -fun edible1962 : Adj1 ; -fun edinburgh1963 : N ; -fun edit1964 : TV ; -fun edition1965 : N ; -fun editor1966 : N ; -fun educate1967 : TV ; -fun effect1969 : N ; -fun effect1970 : TV ; -fun effective1971 : AdjDeg ; -fun efficacy1972 : N ; -fun efficient1974 : Adj1 ; -fun effort1975 : N ; -fun egg1976 : N ; -fun eight1977 : AdjDeg ; -fun eighteen1978 : AdjDeg ; -fun eighteenth1979 : AdjDeg ; -fun eighth1980 : AdjDeg ; -fun eightieth1981 : AdjDeg ; -fun eighty1982 : AdjDeg ; -fun either1983 : AdjDeg ; -fun either1985 : AdjDeg ; -fun elaborate1986 : Adj1 ; -fun elaborate1987 : V ; -fun elastic1988 : AdjDeg ; -fun elbow1989 : N ; -fun elect1992 : TV ; -fun electric1993 : Adj1 ; -fun electricity1994 : N ; -fun electron1995 : N ; -fun electronic1996 : Adj1 ; -fun elegance1997 : N ; -fun elegant1998 : Adj1 ; -fun element1999 : N ; -fun elephant2000 : N ; -fun elephantine2001 : Adj1 ; -fun elevate2002 : TV ; -fun eleven2003 : AdjDeg ; -fun eleventh2004 : AdjDeg ; -fun elicit2005 : TV ; -fun eligible2006 : Adj2 ; -fun eligible2007 : Adj2 ; -fun eliminate2008 : TV ; -fun ellipse2009 : N ; -fun ellipsis2010 : N ; -fun elliptical2011 : Adj1 ; -fun elucidate2014 : TV ; -fun elude2015 : TV ; -fun elusive2016 : Adj1 ; -fun embarrass2017 : TV ; -fun embassy2018 : N ; -fun embed2019 : V3 ; -fun embody2020 : TV ; -fun embrace2021 : N ; -fun embrace2022 : TV ; -fun embrace2023 : TV ; -fun emerge2024 : TV ; -fun emergency2025 : N ; -fun emergent2026 : Adj1 ; -fun emphasis2027 : N ; -fun emphasise2028 : TV ; -fun emphasise2029 : TV ; -fun emphasize2030 : TV ; -fun emphasize2031 : TV ; -fun emphatic2032 : Adj1 ; -fun emphatically2033 : AdV ; -fun empire2034 : N ; -fun empirical2035 : Adj1 ; -fun empiricism2036 : N ; -fun empiricist2037 : N ; -fun employ2038 : TV ; -fun empty2039 : AdjDeg ; -fun empty2040 : TV ; -fun emulate2041 : V ; -fun enable2043 : TV ; -fun encapsulate2044 : V ; -fun enchant2045 : TV ; -fun enclose2046 : TV ; -fun enclosure2047 : N ; -fun encode2048 : TV ; -fun encompass2049 : TV ; -fun encounter2050 : TV ; -fun encourage2051 : TV ; -fun encrypt2052 : V ; -fun encumber2053 : TV ; -fun encyclopaedia2054 : N ; -fun encyclopaedic2055 : Adj1 ; -fun end2056 : N ; -fun end2057 : TV ; -fun endeavour2058 : TV ; -fun ending2059 : N ; -fun endow2060 : V3 ; -fun enemy2061 : N ; -fun energetic2062 : Adj1 ; -fun energetically2063 : AdV ; -fun energy2064 : N ; -fun enforce2065 : TV ; -fun engage2066 : TV ; -fun engender2067 : TV ; -fun engine2068 : N ; -fun engineer2069 : N ; -fun engineer2070 : TV ; -fun england2071 : N ; -fun english2072 : Adj1 ; -fun engross2073 : TV ; -fun engulf2074 : TV ; -fun enhance2075 : TV ; -fun enjoy2076 : TV ; -fun enlarge2077 : TV ; -fun enormous2078 : Adj1 ; -fun enough2079 : N ; -fun enough2080 : AdjDeg ; -fun enough2081 : AdjDeg ; -fun enough2082 : AdjDeg ; -fun enquire2083 : TV ; -fun enrich2084 : TV ; -fun ensure2085 : TV ; -fun entail2086 : TV ; -fun enter2087 : TV ; -fun enterprise2088 : N ; -fun enterprising2089 : Adj1 ; -fun entertain2090 : TV ; -fun enthusiast2091 : N ; -fun entire2092 : Adj1 ; -fun entitle2093 : V3 ; -fun entity2094 : N ; -fun entrance2095 : N ; -fun entrance2096 : TV ; -fun entropy2097 : N ; -fun entrust2098 : V3 ; -fun entry2099 : N ; -fun enumerate2100 : V ; -fun envelope2101 : N ; -fun environment2102 : N ; -fun envisage2103 : TV ; -fun envy2104 : N ; -fun envy2105 : TV ; -fun epistemology2106 : N ; -fun equal2107 : N ; -fun equal2108 : TV ; -fun equal2109 : AdjDeg ; -fun equal2110 : AdjDeg ; -fun equate2111 : V ; -fun equation2112 : N ; -fun equidistant2113 : Adj1 ; -fun equip2114 : TV ; -fun equipment2115 : N ; -fun equivalence2116 : N ; -fun equivalent2117 : V ; -fun equivalent2118 : AdjDeg ; -fun equivalent2119 : AdjDeg ; -fun ergonomic2122 : Adj1 ; -fun ergonomically2123 : AdV ; -fun erroneous2124 : Adj1 ; -fun error2125 : N ; -fun escape2126 : TV ; -fun eschew2127 : TV ; -fun esoteric2129 : Adj1 ; -fun especially2130 : AdV ; -fun espouse2131 : TV ; -fun essay2133 : N ; -fun essence2134 : N ; -fun essential2135 : Adj1 ; -fun establish2137 : TV ; -fun establishment2138 : N ; -fun estate2139 : N ; -fun estimate2140 : TV ; -fun euclidean2141 : Adj1 ; -fun europe2142 : N ; -fun european2143 : Adj1 ; -fun european2144 : N ; -fun evade2145 : TV ; -fun evaluable2146 : Adj1 ; -fun evaluate2147 : TV ; -fun even2148 : AdV ; -fun even2149 : AdjDeg ; -fun evening2150 : N ; -fun event2151 : N ; -fun eventual2152 : Adj1 ; -fun ever2153 : AdV ; -fun every2154 : AdjDeg ; -fun everyday2155 : Adj1 ; -fun everyone2156 : N ; -fun everyone2157 : N ; -fun everything2158 : N ; -fun evidence2160 : N ; -fun evident2161 : AdjDeg ; -fun evident2162 : AdjDeg ; -fun evil2163 : AdjDeg ; -fun evocation2164 : N ; -fun evoke2165 : TV ; -fun evolution2166 : N ; -fun evolve2167 : TV ; -fun exacerbate2169 : TV ; -fun exact2170 : AdjDeg ; -fun exaggerate2171 : TV ; -fun exaggerate2172 : TV ; -fun exalt2173 : TV ; -fun examination2174 : N ; -fun examine2175 : TV ; -fun example2176 : N ; -fun excede2177 : TV ; -fun exceed2178 : TV ; -fun excellence2179 : N ; -fun excellent2180 : Adj1 ; -fun exception2182 : N ; -fun excess2183 : N ; -fun excessive2184 : Adj1 ; -fun exchange2185 : N ; -fun exchange2186 : V3 ; -fun excite2187 : TV ; -fun exclude2188 : TV ; -fun exclusion2189 : N ; -fun exclusive2190 : AdjDeg ; -fun exclusive2191 : AdjDeg ; -fun excursion2192 : N ; -fun excuse2193 : TV ; -fun excuse2194 : N ; -fun execute2195 : TV ; -fun exemplar2196 : N ; -fun exemplify2197 : TV ; -fun exercise2198 : N ; -fun exert2199 : TV ; -fun exhaust2200 : V ; -fun exhibit2201 : N ; -fun exhibit2202 : TV ; -fun exhort2203 : TV ; -fun exist2204 : V ; -fun existence2205 : N ; -fun existent2206 : Adj1 ; -fun exit2207 : N ; -fun exit2208 : TV ; -fun exophoric2209 : Adj1 ; -fun expand2210 : TV ; -fun expansion2211 : N ; -fun expect2212 : TV ; -fun expect2213 : TV ; -fun expect2214 : TV ; -fun expedient2215 : N ; -fun expel2216 : TV ; -fun expend2217 : TV ; -fun expenditure2218 : N ; -fun expense2219 : N ; -fun expensive2220 : Adj1 ; -fun experience2221 : N ; -fun experience2222 : TV ; -fun experiment2223 : N ; -fun experiment2224 : TV ; -fun expert2225 : N ; -fun expertise2226 : N ; -fun expire2227 : TV ; -fun expiry2228 : N ; -fun explain2229 : V3 ; -fun explanation2230 : N ; -fun explanatory2231 : Adj1 ; -fun explicate2232 : TV ; -fun explicit2233 : Adj1 ; -fun explode2234 : V ; -fun exploit2235 : TV ; -fun explore2236 : TV ; -fun explore2237 : TV ; -fun explosion2238 : N ; -fun explosive2239 : Adj1 ; -fun explosive2240 : N ; -fun exponent2241 : N ; -fun exponential2242 : Adj1 ; -fun exponential2243 : N ; -fun expose2244 : TV ; -fun exposure2245 : V ; -fun express2246 : Adj1 ; -fun express2247 : TV ; -fun expressible2248 : AdjDeg ; -fun expressible2249 : AdjDeg ; -fun expression2250 : N ; -fun expressly2251 : AdV ; -fun expulsion2252 : N ; -fun expunge2253 : TV ; -fun extant2254 : Adj1 ; -fun extend2255 : TV ; -fun extensible2256 : Adj1 ; -fun extension2257 : N ; -fun extensive2258 : Adj1 ; -fun extent2259 : N ; -fun external2260 : Adj1 ; -fun extra2261 : Adj1 ; -fun extract2262 : V ; -fun extraneous2263 : Adj1 ; -fun extravagance2264 : N ; -fun extravagant2265 : Adj1 ; -fun extreme2266 : Adj1 ; -fun extrinsic2267 : Adj1 ; -fun extrinsically2268 : AdV ; -fun eye2269 : N ; -fun face2270 : N ; -fun face2271 : TV ; -fun face2272 : V3 ; -fun facet2273 : N ; -fun facetious2274 : Adj1 ; -fun facilitate2275 : TV ; -fun facility2276 : N ; -fun fact2277 : N ; -fun factive2278 : Adj1 ; -fun factive2279 : N ; -fun factor2280 : N ; -fun factor2281 : TV ; -fun factorial2282 : N ; -fun factory2283 : N ; -fun factual2284 : Adj1 ; -fun faculty2285 : N ; -fun fail2286 : TV ; -fun failure2287 : N ; -fun faint2288 : AdjDeg ; -fun fair2289 : AdjDeg ; -fun fair2290 : N ; -fun fairy2291 : N ; -fun faith2292 : N ; -fun fall2293 : N ; -fun fall2294 : TV ; -fun false2296 : AdjDeg ; -fun falsehood2297 : N ; -fun fame2298 : N ; -fun familiar2299 : AdjDeg ; -fun familiar2300 : AdjDeg ; -fun family2301 : N ; -fun fan2302 : N ; -fun fancy2303 : AdjDeg ; -fun fancy2304 : TV ; -fun far2305 : AdjDeg ; -fun far2306 : AdjDeg ; -fun farce2307 : N ; -fun fare2308 : N ; -fun farm2309 : N ; -fun farm2310 : TV ; -fun fashion2315 : N ; -fun fashionable2316 : Adj1 ; -fun fast2317 : AdjDeg ; -fun fasten2318 : V3 ; -fun fat2319 : N ; -fun fat2320 : AdjDeg ; -fun fate2321 : N ; -fun father2322 : N ; -fun fatigue2323 : N ; -fun fatigue2324 : TV ; -fun fault2325 : N ; -fun favor2326 : N ; -fun favor2327 : TV ; -fun favour2328 : N ; -fun favour2329 : TV ; -fun favourable2330 : AdjDeg ; -fun favourable2331 : AdjDeg ; -fun favourite2332 : Adj1 ; -fun fear2333 : N ; -fun fear2334 : TV ; -fun feasible2335 : Adj1 ; -fun feast2336 : N ; -fun feather2337 : N ; -fun feature2338 : N ; -fun feature2339 : TV ; -fun february2340 : N ; -fun federal2343 : Adj1 ; -fun federation2344 : N ; -fun fee2345 : N ; -fun feed2346 : TV ; -fun feedback2347 : N ; -fun feel2348 : TV ; -fun feeling2349 : N ; -fun felix2351 : N ; -fun fellow2353 : N ; -fun felt2354 : N ; -fun female2357 : Adj1 ; -fun fence2358 : N ; -fun fertilize2359 : TV ; -fun fertilizer2360 : N ; -fun fetch2361 : V3 ; -fun fetter2362 : TV ; -fun fever2363 : N ; -fun few2365 : AdjDeg ; -fun fiction2366 : N ; -fun fictional2367 : Adj1 ; -fun fido2368 : N ; -fun field2369 : N ; -fun fierce2370 : AdjDeg ; -fun fifteen2371 : AdjDeg ; -fun fifteenth2372 : AdjDeg ; -fun fifth2373 : AdjDeg ; -fun fiftieth2374 : AdjDeg ; -fun fifty2375 : AdjDeg ; -fun fig2376 : N ; -fun fight2377 : N ; -fun fight2378 : TV ; -fun fight2379 : TV ; -fun figure2380 : N ; -fun file2381 : N ; -fun file2382 : TV ; -fun fill2383 : TV ; -fun fill2384 : V3 ; -fun film2385 : N ; -fun film2386 : TV ; -fun filter2387 : N ; -fun filter2388 : TV ; -fun fin2389 : N ; -fun final2390 : Adj1 ; -fun financial2392 : Adj1 ; -fun find2393 : TV ; -fun findings2394 : N ; -fun fine2395 : AdjDeg ; -fun fine2396 : N ; -fun fine2397 : TV ; -fun finger2398 : N ; -fun fingerprint2399 : N ; -fun finish2400 : N ; -fun finish2401 : TV ; -fun finish2402 : TV ; -fun finite2403 : Adj1 ; -fun fir2404 : N ; -fun fire2405 : N ; -fun fire2406 : TV ; -fun firm2407 : N ; -fun firm2408 : AdjDeg ; -fun first2409 : AdjDeg ; -fun firstly2410 : AdV ; -fun fish2411 : N ; -fun fish2412 : N ; -fun fish2413 : TV ; -fun fisherman2414 : N ; -fun fishermen2415 : N ; -fun fit2416 : TV ; -fun fit2417 : AdjDeg ; -fun fit2418 : AdjDeg ; -fun five2419 : AdjDeg ; -fun fix2420 : V3 ; -fun flag2421 : N ; -fun flame2422 : N ; -fun flash2423 : N ; -fun flash2424 : V ; -fun flat2425 : AdjDeg ; -fun flat2426 : N ; -fun flavour2427 : N ; -fun flaw2428 : N ; -fun flawed2429 : Adj1 ; -fun flesh2430 : N ; -fun flexible2432 : Adj1 ; -fun flight2433 : N ; -fun flip2434 : TV ; -fun float2435 : V ; -fun flood2436 : N ; -fun flood2437 : TV ; -fun floor2438 : N ; -fun flour2439 : N ; -fun flourish2440 : TV ; -fun flourish2441 : TV ; -fun flow2442 : N ; -fun flower2443 : N ; -fun flu2445 : N ; -fun fluid2446 : Adj1 ; -fun fluid2447 : N ; -fun flux2448 : N ; -fun fly2449 : N ; -fun fly2450 : TV ; -fun foam2451 : N ; -fun foam2452 : TV ; -fun focal2453 : Adj1 ; -fun focus2454 : N ; -fun focus2455 : TV ; -fun focus2456 : TV ; -fun fog2457 : N ; -fun foist2458 : V3 ; -fun fold2459 : N ; -fun fold2460 : TV ; -fun follow2461 : TV ; -fun fond2462 : AdjDeg ; -fun food2463 : N ; -fun fool2464 : N ; -fun fool2465 : TV ; -fun foolish2466 : Adj1 ; -fun foot2467 : N ; -fun football2468 : N ; -fun foray2472 : N ; -fun forbid2474 : TV ; -fun force2476 : N ; -fun force2477 : TV ; -fun forcible2478 : Adj1 ; -fun forearm2479 : N ; -fun forego2480 : TV ; -fun foreground2482 : N ; -fun forehead2483 : N ; -fun foreign2484 : Adj1 ; -fun foreigner2485 : N ; -fun forerunner2486 : N ; -fun foresee2488 : TV ; -fun forest2490 : N ; -fun forestall2491 : TV ; -fun forget2495 : TV ; -fun forgive2496 : V3 ; -fun forgo2498 : TV ; -fun fork2502 : N ; -fun form2503 : N ; -fun form2504 : TV ; -fun formal2505 : Adj1 ; -fun formalism2506 : N ; -fun format2507 : N ; -fun formation2508 : N ; -fun former2509 : Adj1 ; -fun formula2510 : N ; -fun formulate2512 : TV ; -fun fort2513 : N ; -fun forthcoming2515 : Adj1 ; -fun forthwith2516 : AdV ; -fun fortieth2517 : AdjDeg ; -fun fortnight2518 : N ; -fun fortuitous2519 : Adj1 ; -fun fortunate2520 : Adj1 ; -fun fortune2521 : N ; -fun forty2522 : AdjDeg ; -fun forum2523 : N ; -fun forward2524 : Adj1 ; -fun found2531 : TV ; -fun foundation2533 : N ; -fun fountain2534 : N ; -fun four2535 : AdjDeg ; -fun fourteen2536 : AdjDeg ; -fun fourteenth2537 : AdjDeg ; -fun fourth2538 : AdjDeg ; -fun fox2539 : N ; -fun fraction2540 : N ; -fun fracture2541 : N ; -fun fracture2542 : TV ; -fun fragment2543 : N ; -fun fragment2544 : TV ; -fun fragmentary2545 : Adj1 ; -fun frame2546 : N ; -fun frame2547 : TV ; -fun framework2548 : N ; -fun france2549 : N ; -fun franz2550 : N ; -fun free2551 : AdjDeg ; -fun free2552 : TV ; -fun freedom2553 : N ; -fun freeze2554 : TV ; -fun french2555 : AdjDeg ; -fun frequency2556 : N ; -fun frequent2557 : Adj1 ; -fun fresh2558 : AdjDeg ; -fun friction2559 : N ; -fun friday2560 : N ; -fun friend2561 : N ; -fun friendly2562 : AdjDeg ; -fun friendly2563 : AdjDeg ; -fun fright2564 : N ; -fun frighten2565 : TV ; -fun frill2566 : N ; -fun fringe2567 : N ; -fun front2570 : Adj1 ; -fun front2571 : N ; -fun fruit2574 : N ; -fun fry2575 : TV ; -fun fulfil2578 : V ; -fun full2579 : AdjDeg ; -fun fun2580 : N ; -fun function2581 : N ; -fun function2582 : TV ; -fun functor2583 : N ; -fun fund2584 : N ; -fun fundamental2585 : Adj1 ; -fun funeral2586 : N ; -fun funereal2587 : Adj1 ; -fun fungus2589 : N ; -fun funny2590 : AdjDeg ; -fun fur2591 : N ; -fun furnish2592 : V3 ; -fun furniture2593 : N ; -fun fuss2598 : N ; -fun future2599 : Adj1 ; -fun future2600 : N ; -fun fuzzy2601 : Adj1 ; -fun gag2602 : N ; -fun gag2603 : TV ; -fun gain2604 : N ; -fun gain2605 : TV ; -fun galactic2606 : Adj1 ; -fun galaxy2607 : N ; -fun gale2608 : N ; -fun gallon2609 : N ; -fun gamble2610 : V ; -fun game2611 : N ; -fun gap2612 : N ; -fun gape2613 : TV ; -fun gape2614 : TV ; -fun garage2615 : N ; -fun garden2616 : N ; -fun garment2617 : N ; -fun gas2618 : N ; -fun gaseous2619 : Adj1 ; -fun gate2620 : N ; -fun gather2621 : V ; -fun gauge2622 : N ; -fun gauge2623 : TV ; -fun gay2626 : AdjDeg ; -fun gaze2627 : TV ; -fun gaze2628 : N ; -fun gear2629 : N ; -fun gear2630 : TV ; -fun generable2632 : Adj1 ; -fun general2633 : Adj1 ; -fun general2634 : N ; -fun generate2635 : TV ; -fun generation2636 : N ; -fun generator2637 : N ; -fun generic2638 : Adj1 ; -fun generosity2639 : N ; -fun generous2640 : AdjDeg ; -fun generous2641 : AdjDeg ; -fun genitive2642 : Adj1 ; -fun genius2643 : N ; -fun gentle2644 : AdjDeg ; -fun gentleman2645 : N ; -fun gentlemen2646 : N ; -fun gently2647 : AdV ; -fun genuine2648 : Adj1 ; -fun genus2649 : N ; -fun geography2650 : N ; -fun geology2651 : N ; -fun geometry2652 : N ; -fun german2653 : Adj1 ; -fun germane2654 : Adj1 ; -fun germanic2655 : Adj1 ; -fun germany2656 : N ; -fun gerund2657 : N ; -fun gesture2658 : TV ; -fun gesture2659 : N ; -fun get2660 : TV ; -fun gift2661 : N ; -fun gin2662 : N ; -fun giraffe2663 : N ; -fun girl2664 : N ; -fun gist2665 : N ; -fun give2666 : V3 ; -fun give2667 : V3 ; -fun glad2670 : AdjDeg ; -fun glad2671 : AdjDeg ; -fun glad2672 : AdjDeg ; -fun glance2673 : N ; -fun glance2674 : TV ; -fun glass2675 : N ; -fun glasses2676 : N ; -fun glean2677 : TV ; -fun global2678 : Adj1 ; -fun globe2679 : N ; -fun glory2680 : N ; -fun gloss2681 : N ; -fun gloss2682 : TV ; -fun glow2683 : N ; -fun glow2684 : TV ; -fun gnat2685 : N ; -fun gnu2686 : N ; -fun go2687 : TV ; -fun goat2688 : N ; -fun god2689 : N ; -fun goddess2690 : N ; -fun gold2691 : N ; -fun golden2692 : AdjDeg ; -fun good2694 : Adj1 ; -fun goods2695 : N ; -fun goose2696 : N ; -fun gore2697 : N ; -fun gorilla2698 : N ; -fun gory2699 : AdjDeg ; -fun gospel2700 : N ; -fun govern2702 : V ; -fun government2703 : N ; -fun grab2704 : TV ; -fun grace2705 : N ; -fun grade2707 : N ; -fun gradual2708 : Adj1 ; -fun graft2709 : N ; -fun graft2710 : TV ; -fun graham2711 : N ; -fun grain2712 : N ; -fun gram2713 : N ; -fun grammar2714 : N ; -fun grammatical2715 : Adj1 ; -fun grand2716 : AdjDeg ; -fun grandfather2717 : N ; -fun grandmother2718 : N ; -fun grant2719 : N ; -fun grant2720 : TV ; -fun grape2721 : N ; -fun graph2722 : N ; -fun graphic2723 : Adj1 ; -fun grasp2724 : N ; -fun grasp2725 : TV ; -fun grass2726 : N ; -fun grateful2727 : AdjDeg ; -fun grateful2728 : AdjDeg ; -fun grateful2729 : AdjDeg ; -fun gratuitous2730 : Adj1 ; -fun grave2731 : N ; -fun gravitation2732 : N ; -fun gravity2733 : N ; -fun gravy2734 : N ; -fun gray2735 : AdjDeg ; -fun grease2736 : N ; -fun great2738 : AdjDeg ; -fun greece2739 : N ; -fun greed2740 : N ; -fun greek2741 : Adj1 ; -fun greek2742 : N ; -fun green2743 : N ; -fun greet2744 : TV ; -fun gregarious2745 : Adj1 ; -fun grey2747 : AdjDeg ; -fun grid2748 : N ; -fun grief2749 : N ; -fun grieve2750 : V ; -fun grill2751 : TV ; -fun grim2752 : AdjDeg ; -fun grime2753 : N ; -fun grin2754 : N ; -fun grin2755 : TV ; -fun grind2756 : TV ; -fun grip2757 : N ; -fun grip2758 : TV ; -fun grit2759 : N ; -fun grog2760 : N ; -fun gross2761 : AdjDeg ; -fun ground2762 : N ; -fun group2765 : N ; -fun group2766 : TV ; -fun grove2767 : N ; -fun grow2768 : TV ; -fun grow2769 : TV ; -fun growth2773 : N ; -fun guarantee2774 : N ; -fun guarantee2775 : TV ; -fun guard2776 : N ; -fun guard2777 : TV ; -fun guess2778 : N ; -fun guess2779 : TV ; -fun guest2780 : N ; -fun guide2781 : N ; -fun guide2782 : TV ; -fun guideline2783 : N ; -fun guilt2784 : N ; -fun guinea2785 : N ; -fun guise2786 : N ; -fun gun2787 : N ; -fun habit2788 : N ; -fun habitual2789 : Adj1 ; -fun hail2796 : N ; -fun hair2797 : N ; -fun half2798 : AdV ; -fun half2799 : Adj1 ; -fun half2800 : N ; -fun half2801 : AdjDeg ; -fun hall2802 : N ; -fun halt2803 : N ; -fun halt2804 : TV ; -fun halt2805 : TV ; -fun halve2806 : TV ; -fun hamburger2808 : N ; -fun hammer2809 : N ; -fun hammer2810 : TV ; -fun hamper2811 : TV ; -fun hand2812 : N ; -fun hand2813 : V3 ; -fun hand2814 : V3 ; -fun handicap2815 : N ; -fun handicap2816 : TV ; -fun handkerchief2817 : N ; -fun handle2818 : N ; -fun handle2819 : TV ; -fun handsome2820 : Adj1 ; -fun hang2821 : TV ; -fun hang2822 : TV ; -fun happen2823 : V ; -fun happen2824 : TV ; -fun happening2825 : N ; -fun happy2826 : AdjDeg ; -fun happy2827 : AdjDeg ; -fun harbour2828 : N ; -fun hard2829 : AdjDeg ; -fun hard2830 : AdjDeg ; -fun hardly2831 : AdV ; -fun hardware2832 : N ; -fun harm2833 : N ; -fun harm2834 : TV ; -fun harmonium2835 : N ; -fun harmony2836 : N ; -fun harness2837 : N ; -fun harness2838 : V3 ; -fun hash2842 : N ; -fun hash2843 : TV ; -fun haste2847 : N ; -fun hasty2848 : Adj1 ; -fun hat2849 : N ; -fun hate2850 : TV ; -fun hatred2851 : N ; -fun have2852 : TV ; -fun have2853 : TV ; -fun haven2854 : N ; -fun having2857 : V ; -fun hazard2858 : N ; -fun haze2859 : N ; -fun he2860 : N ; -fun head2861 : N ; -fun head2862 : TV ; -fun heading2863 : N ; -fun heal2864 : TV ; -fun health2865 : N ; -fun healthy2866 : AdjDeg ; -fun heap2867 : N ; -fun hear2868 : TV ; -fun heart2871 : N ; -fun hearth2872 : N ; -fun heat2873 : V ; -fun heath2874 : N ; -fun heathen2875 : N ; -fun heave2876 : TV ; -fun heaven2877 : N ; -fun heavy2878 : AdjDeg ; -fun heel2879 : N ; -fun height2880 : N ; -fun helicopter2883 : N ; -fun help2884 : N ; -fun help2885 : TV ; -fun hemlock2886 : N ; -fun hen2887 : N ; -fun her2890 : N ; -fun herd2891 : N ; -fun herring2893 : N ; -fun herself2895 : AdjDeg ; -fun heterogeneity2896 : N ; -fun heterogeneous2897 : Adj1 ; -fun heuristic2898 : Adj1 ; -fun heuristic2899 : N ; -fun heuristically2900 : AdV ; -fun hide2905 : TV ; -fun hide2906 : TV ; -fun hierarchy2907 : N ; -fun high2908 : AdjDeg ; -fun highlight2909 : N ; -fun highlight2910 : TV ; -fun hill2911 : N ; -fun him2912 : N ; -fun hind2914 : Adj1 ; -fun hinder2915 : TV ; -fun hindrance2916 : N ; -fun hinge2917 : N ; -fun hint2918 : N ; -fun hint2919 : TV ; -fun hire2920 : TV ; -fun history2923 : N ; -fun hit2924 : TV ; -fun hit2925 : TV ; -fun hit2926 : TV ; -fun hitherto2928 : AdV ; -fun hoax2929 : N ; -fun hoax2930 : TV ; -fun hold2931 : TV ; -fun hole2932 : N ; -fun holiday2933 : N ; -fun hollow2934 : AdjDeg ; -fun holy2935 : AdjDeg ; -fun home2936 : N ; -fun homogeneous2937 : Adj1 ; -fun homomorphism2938 : N ; -fun hone2939 : TV ; -fun honest2940 : Adj1 ; -fun honesty2941 : N ; -fun honey2942 : N ; -fun honour2944 : N ; -fun honour2945 : TV ; -fun honourable2946 : Adj1 ; -fun hook2948 : N ; -fun hook2949 : TV ; -fun hop2950 : N ; -fun hop2951 : TV ; -fun hope2952 : N ; -fun hope2953 : TV ; -fun hope2954 : TV ; -fun horizon2955 : N ; -fun horizontal2956 : Adj1 ; -fun horn2957 : N ; -fun horrendous2958 : Adj1 ; -fun horrible2959 : Adj1 ; -fun horrify2960 : TV ; -fun horror2961 : N ; -fun horse2962 : N ; -fun hospitable2963 : AdjDeg ; -fun hospitable2964 : AdjDeg ; -fun hospital2965 : N ; -fun hospitality2966 : N ; -fun host2967 : N ; -fun host2968 : TV ; -fun hot2969 : AdjDeg ; -fun hotel2970 : N ; -fun hour2971 : N ; -fun house2972 : N ; -fun house2973 : TV ; -fun household2974 : Adj1 ; -fun household2975 : N ; -fun huge2980 : AdjDeg ; -fun hum2981 : N ; -fun hum2982 : TV ; -fun human2983 : Adj1 ; -fun human2984 : N ; -fun humble2985 : AdjDeg ; -fun humility2986 : N ; -fun humor2987 : N ; -fun humour2988 : N ; -fun hunch2989 : TV ; -fun hundred2990 : N ; -fun hundred2991 : N ; -fun hundredth2992 : AdjDeg ; -fun hunger2994 : N ; -fun hunger2995 : TV ; -fun hungry2996 : AdjDeg ; -fun hungry2997 : AdjDeg ; -fun hunt2998 : N ; -fun hunt2999 : TV ; -fun huntsman3000 : N ; -fun hurry3002 : V ; -fun hurry3003 : N ; -fun hurt3006 : TV ; -fun hurt3007 : TV ; -fun hurt3008 : V ; -fun hurt3009 : V ; -fun husband3010 : N ; -fun hut3011 : N ; -fun hybrid3012 : Adj1 ; -fun hydrogen3013 : N ; -fun hygiene3014 : N ; -fun hypotheses3015 : N ; -fun hypothesis3016 : N ; -fun hypothesize3017 : TV ; -fun hypothetical3018 : Adj1 ; -fun i3019 : N ; -fun ice3021 : N ; -fun iceland3022 : N ; -fun icelandic3023 : Adj1 ; -fun icon3024 : N ; -fun idea3025 : N ; -fun ideal3026 : Adj1 ; -fun identical3027 : AdjDeg ; -fun identical3028 : AdjDeg ; -fun identify3029 : TV ; -fun identity3030 : N ; -fun idiocy3031 : N ; -fun idiom3032 : N ; -fun idiomatic3033 : Adj1 ; -fun idiot3034 : N ; -fun idle3035 : AdjDeg ; -fun idle3036 : TV ; -fun ignore3039 : TV ; -fun ill3040 : AdjDeg ; -fun illegal3041 : Adj1 ; -fun illegitimacy3042 : N ; -fun illegitimate3043 : Adj1 ; -fun illocutionary3044 : Adj1 ; -fun illogical3045 : Adj1 ; -fun illuminate3046 : TV ; -fun illusion3047 : N ; -fun illusory3048 : Adj1 ; -fun illustrate3049 : V ; -fun image3050 : N ; -fun imaginary3051 : Adj1 ; -fun imagine3052 : TV ; -fun imagine3053 : TV ; -fun imbalance3054 : N ; -fun imitate3055 : V ; -fun immaterial3056 : Adj1 ; -fun immediacy3057 : N ; -fun immediate3058 : Adj1 ; -fun immense3059 : Adj1 ; -fun immigrant3060 : N ; -fun immigration3061 : N ; -fun immoderate3062 : Adj1 ; -fun immodest3063 : Adj1 ; -fun immodesty3064 : N ; -fun immune3065 : Adj2 ; -fun impair3066 : TV ; -fun impart3067 : V3 ; -fun impartial3068 : Adj1 ; -fun impatience3069 : N ; -fun impatient3070 : AdjDeg ; -fun impatient3071 : AdjDeg ; -fun impenetrable3072 : Adj1 ; -fun imperative3073 : AdjDeg ; -fun imperative3074 : AdjDeg ; -fun imperfect3075 : Adj1 ; -fun imperfection3076 : N ; -fun imperial3077 : Adj1 ; -fun imperious3078 : Adj1 ; -fun impersonal3079 : Adj1 ; -fun impertinent3080 : Adj1 ; -fun impinge3081 : TV ; -fun implausible3082 : Adj1 ; -fun implement3083 : TV ; -fun implicate3084 : TV ; -fun implicature3085 : N ; -fun implicit3086 : AdjDeg ; -fun implicit3087 : AdjDeg ; -fun imply3088 : TV ; -fun impolite3089 : AdjDeg ; -fun impolite3090 : AdjDeg ; -fun import3091 : N ; -fun import3092 : TV ; -fun importance3093 : N ; -fun important3094 : AdjDeg ; -fun important3095 : AdjDeg ; -fun important3096 : AdjDeg ; -fun impose3097 : V3 ; -fun imposition3098 : N ; -fun impossible3099 : AdjDeg ; -fun impossible3100 : AdjDeg ; -fun impossible3101 : AdjDeg ; -fun impossible3102 : AdjDeg ; -fun imprecise3103 : Adj1 ; -fun imprecision3104 : N ; -fun impress3105 : TV ; -fun improbable3106 : Adj1 ; -fun improve3107 : V ; -fun impure3108 : AdjDeg ; -fun inability3115 : N ; -fun inaccuracy3116 : N ; -fun inactive3117 : Adj1 ; -fun inadequacy3118 : N ; -fun inadequecy3119 : N ; -fun incapacitate3120 : V ; -fun incarnation3121 : N ; -fun inch3122 : N ; -fun incident3123 : N ; -fun incidental3124 : Adj1 ; -fun incisive3125 : Adj1 ; -fun incline3126 : TV ; -fun inclined3127 : Adj2 ; -fun include3128 : TV ; -fun inclusion3130 : N ; -fun inclusive3131 : Adj1 ; -fun incoherence3132 : N ; -fun income3133 : N ; -fun inconceivable3134 : AdjDeg ; -fun inconsistency3135 : N ; -fun incontestable3136 : AdjDeg ; -fun incontestable3137 : AdjDeg ; -fun inconvenience3138 : N ; -fun inconvenience3139 : TV ; -fun incorporate3140 : V ; -fun incorporate3141 : TV ; -fun incorrigible3142 : Adj1 ; -fun increase3143 : N ; -fun increase3144 : TV ; -fun increase3145 : TV ; -fun increment3146 : N ; -fun increment3147 : TV ; -fun incur3148 : TV ; -fun indeed3149 : AdV ; -fun indefinite3150 : AdjDeg ; -fun independence3151 : N ; -fun independent3152 : Adj1 ; -fun indeterminacy3153 : N ; -fun index3154 : N ; -fun index3155 : TV ; -fun india3156 : N ; -fun indian3157 : AdjDeg ; -fun indicate3158 : TV ; -fun indigestion3160 : N ; -fun indirect3161 : Adj1 ; -fun indiscriminate3162 : Adj1 ; -fun indistinguishable3163 : AdjDeg ; -fun individual3164 : Adj1 ; -fun individual3165 : N ; -fun indoor3166 : Adj1 ; -fun induce3167 : TV ; -fun induct3168 : TV ; -fun indulge3169 : TV ; -fun indulgent3170 : Adj1 ; -fun industry3171 : N ; -fun inescapable3172 : Adj1 ; -fun inevitable3173 : Adj1 ; -fun infect3174 : TV ; -fun infection3175 : N ; -fun infectious3176 : Adj1 ; -fun infer3177 : V3 ; -fun inference3178 : N ; -fun inferior3179 : Adj2 ; -fun inferior3180 : Adj2 ; -fun infinite3181 : Adj1 ; -fun infinitesimal3182 : Adj1 ; -fun infinitive3183 : Adj1 ; -fun infix3184 : N ; -fun inflate3185 : TV ; -fun inflation3186 : N ; -fun inflect3187 : V ; -fun influence3188 : N ; -fun influence3189 : TV ; -fun inform3190 : V3 ; -fun informal3191 : Adj1 ; -fun informant3192 : N ; -fun information3193 : N ; -fun ingenious3195 : Adj1 ; -fun ingenuity3196 : N ; -fun ingredient3197 : N ; -fun inhabit3198 : TV ; -fun inherent3199 : AdjDeg ; -fun inherent3200 : AdjDeg ; -fun inherit3201 : V3 ; -fun inheritance3202 : N ; -fun inhibit3203 : V ; -fun initial3204 : Adj1 ; -fun initialize3205 : TV ; -fun initiate3206 : V ; -fun inject3207 : V3 ; -fun injunction3208 : N ; -fun injure3209 : TV ; -fun injury3210 : N ; -fun ink3211 : N ; -fun inn3212 : N ; -fun innate3213 : AdjDeg ; -fun innate3214 : AdjDeg ; -fun inner3215 : Adj1 ; -fun innermost3216 : AdjDeg ; -fun innocuous3217 : Adj1 ; -fun innovation3218 : N ; -fun input3219 : N ; -fun inquire3220 : TV ; -fun inquire3221 : V3 ; -fun inquiry3222 : N ; -fun inscribe3223 : TV ; -fun inscription3224 : N ; -fun insect3225 : N ; -fun insert3226 : TV ; -fun inside3228 : N ; -fun insight3229 : N ; -fun insist3230 : TV ; -fun insistence3231 : N ; -fun insistence3232 : N ; -fun insistent3233 : AdjDeg ; -fun inspect3234 : TV ; -fun inspector3235 : N ; -fun inspire3236 : TV ; -fun instability3237 : N ; -fun install3238 : TV ; -fun instance3239 : N ; -fun instant3240 : N ; -fun instantiate3241 : TV ; -fun instantly3242 : AdV ; -fun instigate3244 : V ; -fun instil3245 : V3 ; -fun instinct3246 : N ; -fun institute3247 : V ; -fun institute3248 : N ; -fun institution3249 : N ; -fun instruct3250 : TV ; -fun instrument3251 : N ; -fun insulate3252 : V3 ; -fun insult3253 : N ; -fun insult3254 : TV ; -fun insurance3255 : N ; -fun insure3256 : TV ; -fun intact3257 : Adj1 ; -fun integer3258 : N ; -fun integral3259 : Adj1 ; -fun integrate3260 : V ; -fun intellectual3261 : Adj1 ; -fun intelligence3262 : N ; -fun intelligent3263 : Adj1 ; -fun intelligible3264 : Adj1 ; -fun intend3265 : TV ; -fun intense3266 : Adj1 ; -fun intension3267 : N ; -fun intention3268 : N ; -fun inter3270 : TV ; -fun interdisciplinary3271 : Adj1 ; -fun interest3272 : N ; -fun interest3273 : TV ; -fun interface3274 : N ; -fun interfere3275 : TV ; -fun interference3276 : N ; -fun interject3277 : V ; -fun intermediate3278 : Adj1 ; -fun internal3279 : Adj1 ; -fun international3280 : Adj1 ; -fun interpolate3281 : V ; -fun interpret3282 : TV ; -fun interrogate3284 : V ; -fun interrogative3285 : Adj1 ; -fun interrupt3286 : V ; -fun intersect3287 : V ; -fun interval3288 : N ; -fun intervene3289 : TV ; -fun intimacy3290 : N ; -fun intimate3291 : Adj1 ; -fun intimate3292 : V ; -fun intonation3294 : N ; -fun intractable3296 : Adj1 ; -fun intransitive3297 : Adj1 ; -fun intravenous3298 : Adj1 ; -fun intricacy3299 : N ; -fun intricate3300 : Adj1 ; -fun intrigue3301 : N ; -fun intrigue3302 : TV ; -fun intrinsic3303 : Adj1 ; -fun intrinsically3304 : AdV ; -fun introduce3305 : V3 ; -fun introduction3306 : N ; -fun introspection3307 : N ; -fun introspective3308 : Adj1 ; -fun intrude3309 : V ; -fun intrusion3310 : N ; -fun intuition3311 : N ; -fun intuitive3312 : Adj1 ; -fun invade3313 : TV ; -fun invalid3314 : N ; -fun invalidate3315 : TV ; -fun invaluable3316 : Adj1 ; -fun invariable3317 : Adj1 ; -fun invariant3318 : Adj1 ; -fun invasion3319 : N ; -fun invent3320 : TV ; -fun inverse3321 : Adj1 ; -fun inversion3322 : N ; -fun invert3323 : TV ; -fun invest3324 : V3 ; -fun investigate3325 : TV ; -fun invisible3326 : AdjDeg ; -fun invisible3327 : AdjDeg ; -fun invite3328 : V3 ; -fun invocation3329 : N ; -fun invoke3330 : TV ; -fun involve3331 : TV ; -fun ireland3334 : N ; -fun irish3335 : Adj1 ; -fun iron3336 : N ; -fun iron3337 : TV ; -fun irony3338 : N ; -fun irrational3339 : Adj1 ; -fun irregular3340 : Adj1 ; -fun irrelevant3341 : Adj1 ; -fun irremediable3342 : Adj1 ; -fun irrespective3343 : Adj2 ; -fun irretrievable3344 : Adj1 ; -fun irritant3345 : N ; -fun irritate3346 : V ; -fun island3352 : N ; -fun isolable3356 : Adj1 ; -fun isolate3357 : TV ; -fun isomorphic3358 : Adj1 ; -fun issue3359 : V ; -fun issue3360 : N ; -fun it3362 : N ; -fun it3363 : N ; -fun italy3364 : N ; -fun item3365 : N ; -fun itemize3366 : TV ; -fun iterate3367 : TV ; -fun itself3369 : N ; -fun january3374 : N ; -fun japan3375 : N ; -fun japanese3376 : Adj1 ; -fun jaundice3377 : N ; -fun jaundiced3378 : Adj1 ; -fun jaw3379 : N ; -fun jealous3380 : AdjDeg ; -fun jealous3381 : AdjDeg ; -fun jealousy3382 : N ; -fun jew3383 : N ; -fun jewel3384 : N ; -fun jeweller3385 : N ; -fun jewellery3386 : N ; -fun job3387 : N ; -fun john3388 : N ; -fun join3389 : V3 ; -fun joint3390 : N ; -fun joke3391 : N ; -fun joke3392 : TV ; -fun journal3393 : N ; -fun journalism3394 : N ; -fun journalist3395 : N ; -fun journey3396 : N ; -fun joy3397 : N ; -fun judge3398 : N ; -fun judge3399 : TV ; -fun judge3400 : V3 ; -fun judgment3401 : N ; -fun judicious3402 : Adj1 ; -fun juggle3403 : TV ; -fun juggle3404 : TV ; -fun juice3405 : N ; -fun july3406 : N ; -fun jumble3407 : TV ; -fun jump3408 : V ; -fun jump3409 : N ; -fun june3410 : N ; -fun junk3411 : N ; -fun just3412 : Adj1 ; -fun justice3413 : N ; -fun justify3414 : TV ; -fun juxtapose3415 : TV ; -fun juxtaposition3416 : N ; -fun keen3417 : AdjDeg ; -fun keen3418 : AdjDeg ; -fun keen3419 : AdjDeg ; -fun keep3420 : TV ; -fun kennel3421 : N ; -fun kettle3424 : N ; -fun key3425 : N ; -fun kick3426 : N ; -fun kick3427 : TV ; -fun kidney3428 : N ; -fun kill3429 : TV ; -fun kill3430 : V3 ; -fun kilogram3431 : N ; -fun kilometre3432 : N ; -fun kim3433 : N ; -fun kind3434 : N ; -fun kind3435 : AdjDeg ; -fun kind3436 : AdjDeg ; -fun king3437 : N ; -fun kingdom3438 : N ; -fun kiss3439 : N ; -fun kiss3440 : TV ; -fun kiss3441 : TV ; -fun kitchen3442 : N ; -fun knee3443 : N ; -fun kneel3444 : TV ; -fun knife3448 : N ; -fun knob3450 : N ; -fun knock3451 : N ; -fun knock3452 : TV ; -fun knock3453 : TV ; -fun knocker3454 : N ; -fun knot3455 : N ; -fun knot3456 : TV ; -fun know3457 : TV ; -fun knowledge3458 : N ; -fun knowledge3459 : N ; -fun label3461 : N ; -fun label3462 : TV ; -fun laboratory3463 : N ; -fun laborious3464 : Adj1 ; -fun labour3465 : N ; -fun labour3466 : TV ; -fun lace3467 : N ; -fun lace3468 : TV ; -fun lack3469 : N ; -fun lack3470 : TV ; -fun lacuna3471 : N ; -fun ladder3472 : N ; -fun lady3473 : N ; -fun lake3477 : N ; -fun lamb3478 : N ; -fun lament3479 : N ; -fun lament3480 : TV ; -fun lamp3481 : N ; -fun land3482 : N ; -fun land3483 : TV ; -fun lane3484 : N ; -fun language3485 : N ; -fun lapse3486 : TV ; -fun large3487 : AdjDeg ; -fun last3488 : Adj1 ; -fun last3489 : V ; -fun late3490 : AdjDeg ; -fun lately3491 : AdV ; -fun latitude3492 : N ; -fun latter3493 : AdjDeg ; -fun lattice3494 : N ; -fun laugh3495 : N ; -fun laugh3496 : TV ; -fun laughter3497 : N ; -fun law3498 : N ; -fun lawn3499 : N ; -fun lawyer3500 : N ; -fun lax3501 : AdjDeg ; -fun lay3503 : V3 ; -fun layer3504 : N ; -fun layer3505 : TV ; -fun laze3506 : TV ; -fun lazy3507 : AdjDeg ; -fun lead3508 : N ; -fun lead3509 : TV ; -fun leaf3510 : N ; -fun league3511 : N ; -fun lean3512 : TV ; -fun leap3515 : V ; -fun learn3516 : TV ; -fun leather3520 : N ; -fun leave3521 : TV ; -fun leave3522 : TV ; -fun lecture3524 : N ; -fun lecture3525 : TV ; -fun lee3528 : N ; -fun left3529 : Adj1 ; -fun leftmost3534 : AdjDeg ; -fun leftward3535 : Adj1 ; -fun leg3536 : N ; -fun legacy3537 : N ; -fun legal3538 : Adj1 ; -fun legible3539 : Adj1 ; -fun legitimate3540 : Adj1 ; -fun legitimize3541 : TV ; -fun lemon3542 : N ; -fun lend3543 : V3 ; -fun length3544 : N ; -fun lengthen3545 : TV ; -fun lesson3549 : N ; -fun let3550 : TV ; -fun let3551 : TV ; -fun let3552 : TV ; -fun lethal3553 : Adj1 ; -fun letter3554 : N ; -fun level3555 : Adj1 ; -fun level3556 : N ; -fun level3557 : TV ; -fun lexical3558 : Adj1 ; -fun lexicalist3559 : Adj1 ; -fun lexicon3560 : N ; -fun liable3561 : Adj2 ; -fun liable3562 : Adj2 ; -fun liable3563 : Adj2 ; -fun liar3564 : N ; -fun liberal3565 : Adj1 ; -fun liberate3566 : V ; -fun libertine3567 : N ; -fun liberty3568 : N ; -fun library3569 : N ; -fun licence3570 : N ; -fun license3571 : TV ; -fun lid3572 : N ; -fun lie3573 : V ; -fun lie3574 : TV ; -fun life3575 : N ; -fun lift3576 : N ; -fun lift3577 : TV ; -fun light3578 : AdjDeg ; -fun light3579 : N ; -fun light3580 : TV ; -fun lightning3581 : N ; -fun like3583 : Adj1 ; -fun like3584 : TV ; -fun like3585 : TV ; -fun like3586 : TV ; -fun likelihood3587 : N ; -fun likely3588 : Adj2 ; -fun likely3589 : Adj2 ; -fun likely3590 : Adj2 ; -fun limb3591 : N ; -fun lime3592 : N ; -fun limit3593 : N ; -fun limit3594 : TV ; -fun line3595 : N ; -fun line3596 : TV ; -fun linear3597 : Adj1 ; -fun linguist3598 : N ; -fun linguistic3599 : Adj1 ; -fun linguistics3600 : N ; -fun link3601 : N ; -fun link3602 : V3 ; -fun lion3603 : N ; -fun lip3604 : N ; -fun liquefaction3605 : N ; -fun liquefy3606 : V ; -fun liquid3607 : Adj1 ; -fun liquid3608 : N ; -fun lisp3609 : N ; -fun lisp3610 : N ; -fun list3611 : N ; -fun list3612 : TV ; -fun listen3613 : TV ; -fun liszt3614 : N ; -fun literal3617 : Adj1 ; -fun literary3618 : Adj1 ; -fun literature3619 : N ; -fun litre3620 : N ; -fun little3621 : N ; -fun little3622 : AdjDeg ; -fun live3623 : AdjDeg ; -fun live3624 : TV ; -fun load3625 : N ; -fun load3626 : TV ; -fun loaf3627 : N ; -fun loan3628 : V3 ; -fun lobster3630 : N ; -fun local3631 : Adj1 ; -fun locate3632 : TV ; -fun location3633 : N ; -fun locative3634 : Adj1 ; -fun lock3635 : N ; -fun lock3636 : TV ; -fun log3637 : N ; -fun logarithm3638 : N ; -fun logic3639 : N ; -fun loiter3640 : TV ; -fun london3641 : N ; -fun lonely3642 : AdjDeg ; -fun long3643 : AdV ; -fun long3644 : AdjDeg ; -fun long3645 : TV ; -fun longwinded3646 : Adj1 ; -fun look3647 : N ; -fun look3648 : V3 ; -fun look3649 : TV ; -fun loop3650 : N ; -fun loophole3651 : N ; -fun loose3652 : AdjDeg ; -fun lord3653 : N ; -fun lore3654 : N ; -fun lose3655 : TV ; -fun loss3656 : N ; -fun lot3659 : N ; -fun lottery3660 : N ; -fun loud3661 : AdjDeg ; -fun lounge3662 : TV ; -fun love3663 : N ; -fun love3664 : TV ; -fun lovely3665 : AdjDeg ; -fun low3666 : AdjDeg ; -fun lower3667 : TV ; -fun loyal3668 : AdjDeg ; -fun loyal3669 : AdjDeg ; -fun loyalty3670 : N ; -fun luck3671 : N ; -fun lump3672 : N ; -fun lung3673 : N ; -fun lunge3674 : TV ; -fun lurk3675 : TV ; -fun lush3676 : AdjDeg ; -fun luxury3677 : N ; -fun machine3679 : N ; -fun machinery3680 : N ; -fun mad3681 : AdjDeg ; -fun mad3682 : AdjDeg ; -fun mad3683 : AdjDeg ; -fun made3686 : AdjDeg ; -fun magazine3687 : N ; -fun magic3688 : Adj1 ; -fun magic3689 : N ; -fun magnet3690 : N ; -fun magnetic3691 : Adj1 ; -fun magnitude3692 : N ; -fun mail3693 : N ; -fun mail3694 : V3 ; -fun main3695 : Adj1 ; -fun mainstream3696 : Adj1 ; -fun maintain3697 : TV ; -fun maintain3698 : TV ; -fun maintenance3699 : N ; -fun major3700 : Adj1 ; -fun majority3701 : N ; -fun make3702 : TV ; -fun male3703 : Adj1 ; -fun malign3704 : TV ; -fun malignant3705 : Adj1 ; -fun mammal3706 : N ; -fun man3707 : N ; -fun man3708 : TV ; -fun manage3709 : TV ; -fun manage3710 : TV ; -fun manager3711 : N ; -fun mandatory3712 : Adj1 ; -fun manifest3713 : Adj1 ; -fun manifest3714 : N ; -fun manifest3715 : TV ; -fun manifestation3716 : N ; -fun manipulate3717 : TV ; -fun manner3718 : N ; -fun manners3719 : N ; -fun manoeuvre3720 : N ; -fun manoeuvre3721 : TV ; -fun manoeuvre3722 : TV ; -fun manual3723 : Adj1 ; -fun manual3724 : N ; -fun manufacture3725 : TV ; -fun manuscript3726 : N ; -fun many3728 : AdjDeg ; -fun map3729 : N ; -fun map3730 : V3 ; -fun mapping3731 : N ; -fun march3732 : N ; -fun march3733 : N ; -fun margin3734 : N ; -fun marginal3735 : Adj1 ; -fun marine3736 : Adj1 ; -fun mark3737 : N ; -fun mark3738 : TV ; -fun market3739 : N ; -fun marking3740 : N ; -fun marriage3741 : N ; -fun marry3742 : TV ; -fun mars3743 : N ; -fun mary3744 : N ; -fun mass3745 : N ; -fun massive3746 : Adj1 ; -fun master3747 : N ; -fun master3748 : TV ; -fun mat3749 : N ; -fun match3750 : N ; -fun match3751 : TV ; -fun material3752 : Adj1 ; -fun material3753 : N ; -fun mathematical3754 : Adj1 ; -fun mathematician3755 : N ; -fun mathematics3756 : N ; -fun matrix3758 : N ; -fun matter3759 : N ; -fun matter3760 : TV ; -fun mature3761 : AdjDeg ; -fun mature3762 : TV ; -fun maxim3763 : N ; -fun maximal3764 : Adj1 ; -fun maximize3765 : TV ; -fun maximum3766 : N ; -fun may3767 : N ; -fun may3768 : V3 ; -fun maybe3769 : AdV ; -fun mayor3770 : N ; -fun me3771 : N ; -fun meal3772 : N ; -fun mean3773 : AdjDeg ; -fun mean3774 : TV ; -fun mean3775 : TV ; -fun meaning3776 : N ; -fun means3777 : N ; -fun meanwhile3780 : AdV ; -fun measure3781 : N ; -fun measure3782 : TV ; -fun meat3783 : N ; -fun mechanic3784 : V ; -fun mechanical3785 : Adj1 ; -fun mechanism3786 : N ; -fun mechanize3787 : TV ; -fun mediate3788 : V ; -fun medical3789 : Adj1 ; -fun medicine3790 : N ; -fun medium3791 : Adj1 ; -fun medium3792 : N ; -fun meet3793 : TV ; -fun meeting3794 : N ; -fun melody3795 : N ; -fun melt3796 : V ; -fun member3797 : N ; -fun memorable3798 : Adj1 ; -fun memorial3799 : N ; -fun memory3800 : N ; -fun memory3801 : N ; -fun mend3803 : TV ; -fun mental3805 : Adj1 ; -fun mention3806 : N ; -fun mention3807 : TV ; -fun mercy3808 : N ; -fun mere3809 : AdjDeg ; -fun merge3810 : TV ; -fun merit3811 : N ; -fun merry3812 : AdjDeg ; -fun mess3813 : N ; -fun message3814 : N ; -fun messenger3815 : N ; -fun metal3818 : N ; -fun metaphor3819 : N ; -fun method3820 : N ; -fun methodical3821 : Adj1 ; -fun methodology3822 : N ; -fun metre3823 : N ; -fun metric3824 : Adj1 ; -fun microbiology3826 : N ; -fun microphone3827 : N ; -fun microscope3828 : N ; -fun middle3830 : Adj1 ; -fun middle3831 : N ; -fun might3832 : V3 ; -fun mighty3834 : AdjDeg ; -fun migrate3835 : V ; -fun mild3836 : AdjDeg ; -fun mile3837 : N ; -fun military3838 : Adj1 ; -fun milk3839 : N ; -fun mill3840 : N ; -fun mill3841 : TV ; -fun million3842 : N ; -fun millionth3843 : AdjDeg ; -fun mimic3844 : N ; -fun mimic3845 : TV ; -fun mind3846 : N ; -fun mind3847 : TV ; -fun mind3848 : TV ; -fun mine3850 : N ; -fun mine3851 : TV ; -fun mineral3852 : N ; -fun minim3854 : N ; -fun minimal3855 : Adj1 ; -fun minimize3856 : TV ; -fun minimum3857 : N ; -fun minister3858 : N ; -fun ministry3859 : N ; -fun ministry3860 : N ; -fun minor3861 : Adj1 ; -fun minor3862 : N ; -fun minute3863 : Adj1 ; -fun minute3864 : N ; -fun mirror3865 : N ; -fun miscellaneous3867 : Adj1 ; -fun misconception3868 : N ; -fun misery3869 : N ; -fun mislead3870 : TV ; -fun misled3871 : TV ; -fun misled3872 : TV ; -fun misplace3873 : TV ; -fun miss3875 : TV ; -fun missile3876 : N ; -fun mist3877 : N ; -fun mistake3878 : N ; -fun mistake3879 : V3 ; -fun mix3882 : V3 ; -fun mixture3883 : N ; -fun mnemonic3884 : Adj1 ; -fun mode3885 : N ; -fun model3886 : Adj1 ; -fun model3887 : N ; -fun model3888 : TV ; -fun moderate3889 : Adj1 ; -fun moderate3890 : V ; -fun modern3891 : Adj1 ; -fun modest3892 : Adj1 ; -fun modesty3893 : N ; -fun modify3894 : TV ; -fun modular3895 : Adj1 ; -fun module3896 : N ; -fun molasses3897 : N ; -fun molecular3898 : Adj1 ; -fun molecule3899 : N ; -fun moment3900 : N ; -fun momentary3901 : Adj1 ; -fun momentous3902 : Adj1 ; -fun momentum3903 : N ; -fun monday3904 : N ; -fun money3905 : N ; -fun monitor3906 : N ; -fun monitor3907 : TV ; -fun monkey3908 : N ; -fun monotonic3909 : Adj1 ; -fun monotonically3910 : AdV ; -fun month3911 : N ; -fun moon3912 : N ; -fun moral3913 : Adj1 ; -fun moral3914 : N ; -fun more3916 : AdjDeg ; -fun morning3917 : N ; -fun morpheme3918 : N ; -fun morphology3919 : N ; -fun morphosyntactic3920 : Adj1 ; -fun mortal3921 : Adj1 ; -fun mortise3922 : N ; -fun mosque3923 : N ; -fun mosquito3924 : N ; -fun most3926 : AdjDeg ; -fun mostly3927 : AdV ; -fun mother3928 : N ; -fun motion3929 : N ; -fun motivate3930 : TV ; -fun motive3931 : N ; -fun motor3932 : N ; -fun mould3933 : N ; -fun mould3934 : TV ; -fun mountain3935 : N ; -fun mouse3936 : N ; -fun mouth3937 : N ; -fun move3938 : V ; -fun much3942 : AdjDeg ; -fun mud3943 : N ; -fun muesli3944 : N ; -fun multifarious3945 : Adj1 ; -fun multiple3946 : Adj1 ; -fun multiplicity3947 : N ; -fun multiply3948 : V3 ; -fun multitude3949 : N ; -fun mundane3950 : Adj1 ; -fun murder3951 : N ; -fun muscle3952 : N ; -fun muscular3953 : Adj1 ; -fun music3954 : N ; -fun musical3955 : N ; -fun must3956 : V3 ; -fun mutter3958 : TV ; -fun mutual3959 : Adj1 ; -fun mystery3962 : N ; -fun myth3963 : N ; -fun mythical3964 : Adj1 ; -fun mythology3965 : N ; -fun nail3966 : N ; -fun naive3967 : Adj1 ; -fun name3968 : N ; -fun name3969 : TV ; -fun namely3970 : AdV ; -fun narrow3971 : AdjDeg ; -fun narrow3972 : TV ; -fun nasty3973 : AdjDeg ; -fun nation3974 : N ; -fun native3975 : Adj1 ; -fun native3976 : N ; -fun nature3977 : N ; -fun navigator3979 : N ; -fun navy3980 : N ; -fun near3981 : AdjDeg ; -fun near3982 : AdjDeg ; -fun neat3984 : AdjDeg ; -fun necessary3985 : AdjDeg ; -fun necessary3986 : AdjDeg ; -fun necessary3987 : AdjDeg ; -fun necessitate3988 : TV ; -fun necessity3989 : N ; -fun neck3990 : N ; -fun need3991 : N ; -fun need3992 : TV ; -fun needle3993 : N ; -fun negate3995 : V ; -fun negative3996 : Adj1 ; -fun negative3997 : N ; -fun neglect3998 : N ; -fun neglect3999 : TV ; -fun negligence4000 : N ; -fun negligent4001 : Adj1 ; -fun negligible4002 : Adj1 ; -fun negotiate4003 : TV ; -fun neighbour4004 : N ; -fun neither4007 : AdjDeg ; -fun nephew4008 : N ; -fun nerve4009 : N ; -fun nervous4010 : Adj1 ; -fun nest4012 : N ; -fun nest4013 : TV ; -fun net4014 : N ; -fun network4015 : N ; -fun neutral4016 : Adj1 ; -fun never4017 : AdV ; -fun nevertheless4018 : AdV ; -fun new4019 : AdjDeg ; -fun news4020 : N ; -fun newspaper4021 : N ; -fun newton4022 : N ; -fun next4023 : Adj1 ; -fun nibble4024 : TV ; -fun nice4025 : AdjDeg ; -fun nicety4026 : N ; -fun nigeria4027 : N ; -fun night4028 : N ; -fun nine4029 : AdjDeg ; -fun nineteen4030 : AdjDeg ; -fun nineteenth4031 : AdjDeg ; -fun ninetieth4032 : AdjDeg ; -fun ninety4033 : AdjDeg ; -fun ninth4034 : AdjDeg ; -fun nip4035 : TV ; -fun no4036 : AdjDeg ; -fun noble4037 : AdjDeg ; -fun nobleman4038 : N ; -fun noblemen4039 : N ; -fun nod4041 : TV ; -fun nod4042 : TV ; -fun node4043 : N ; -fun noise4044 : N ; -fun nominal4045 : Adj1 ; -fun nominate4046 : TV ; -fun nominative4047 : Adj1 ; -fun none4050 : AdjDeg ; -fun nonetheless4051 : AdV ; -fun nonsense4052 : N ; -fun nonsensical4053 : Adj1 ; -fun normal4056 : Adj1 ; -fun normative4057 : Adj1 ; -fun north4058 : N ; -fun north4059 : AdjDeg ; -fun north4060 : AdjDeg ; -fun northern4061 : Adj1 ; -fun nose4062 : N ; -fun not4064 : AdV ; -fun notation4065 : N ; -fun note4066 : N ; -fun note4067 : TV ; -fun notice4069 : N ; -fun notice4070 : TV ; -fun notice4071 : TV ; -fun notion4072 : N ; -fun notoriety4073 : N ; -fun notorious4074 : AdjDeg ; -fun notorious4075 : AdjDeg ; -fun noun4077 : N ; -fun novel4078 : Adj1 ; -fun novel4079 : N ; -fun novelty4080 : N ; -fun november4081 : N ; -fun novice4082 : N ; -fun now4084 : AdV ; -fun nuclear4086 : AdjDeg ; -fun nucleus4087 : N ; -fun nudge4088 : N ; -fun nudge4089 : TV ; -fun nuisance4090 : N ; -fun number4091 : N ; -fun numeral4092 : N ; -fun numeric4093 : Adj1 ; -fun numerical4094 : Adj1 ; -fun numerous4095 : Adj1 ; -fun nurse4096 : N ; -fun nurse4097 : TV ; -fun nut4098 : N ; -fun nutrient4099 : N ; -fun nutrition4100 : N ; -fun nutritious4101 : Adj1 ; -fun nylon4102 : N ; -fun oaf4103 : N ; -fun oak4104 : N ; -fun oar4105 : N ; -fun oath4106 : N ; -fun oats4107 : N ; -fun obey4108 : TV ; -fun object4109 : N ; -fun object4110 : TV ; -fun objectionable4111 : Adj1 ; -fun objective4112 : Adj1 ; -fun objective4113 : N ; -fun obligation4114 : N ; -fun obligatory4115 : AdjDeg ; -fun obligatory4116 : AdjDeg ; -fun oblige4117 : TV ; -fun oblique4118 : Adj1 ; -fun obscure4119 : Adj1 ; -fun obscure4120 : TV ; -fun observe4121 : TV ; -fun obstacle4122 : N ; -fun obstruct4123 : TV ; -fun obstruction4124 : V ; -fun obtain4125 : TV ; -fun obvious4126 : Adj2 ; -fun obvious4127 : Adj2 ; -fun occasion4128 : N ; -fun occupation4129 : N ; -fun occupy4130 : TV ; -fun occur4131 : TV ; -fun occurrence4132 : V ; -fun ocean4133 : N ; -fun october4134 : N ; -fun odd4135 : AdjDeg ; -fun odds4136 : N ; -fun offence4141 : N ; -fun offend4142 : TV ; -fun offense4143 : N ; -fun offensive4144 : Adj1 ; -fun offer4145 : TV ; -fun offer4146 : N ; -fun office4147 : N ; -fun officer4148 : N ; -fun official4149 : N ; -fun offset4150 : TV ; -fun often4151 : AdV ; -fun oil4152 : N ; -fun oil4153 : TV ; -fun old4154 : AdjDeg ; -fun old4155 : N ; -fun omission4156 : N ; -fun omit4157 : TV ; -fun omniscient4158 : Adj1 ; -fun once4162 : AdV ; -fun one4165 : AdjDeg ; -fun onerous4166 : Adj1 ; -fun onion4168 : N ; -fun only4169 : AdV ; -fun only4170 : Adj1 ; -fun ontology4172 : N ; -fun opacity4173 : N ; -fun opaque4174 : Adj1 ; -fun open4175 : Adj1 ; -fun open4176 : V ; -fun opening4177 : N ; -fun operand4178 : N ; -fun operate4179 : TV ; -fun operation4180 : N ; -fun operator4181 : N ; -fun opinion4182 : N ; -fun opponent4183 : N ; -fun opportune4184 : Adj1 ; -fun opportunistic4185 : Adj1 ; -fun opportunity4186 : N ; -fun oppose4187 : TV ; -fun opposite4188 : Adj1 ; -fun opposition4190 : N ; -fun optimal4191 : Adj1 ; -fun optimism4192 : N ; -fun optimist4193 : N ; -fun optimize4194 : TV ; -fun optimum4195 : V ; -fun option4196 : N ; -fun oral4199 : AdjDeg ; -fun orange4200 : Adj1 ; -fun orange4201 : N ; -fun order4202 : N ; -fun order4203 : TV ; -fun order4204 : TV ; -fun ordering4205 : N ; -fun orderly4206 : Adj1 ; -fun ordinary4207 : Adj1 ; -fun ore4208 : N ; -fun organ4209 : N ; -fun organic4210 : Adj1 ; -fun organically4211 : AdV ; -fun organization4212 : N ; -fun organize4213 : TV ; -fun orient4214 : N ; -fun orient4215 : TV ; -fun origin4216 : N ; -fun original4217 : Adj1 ; -fun original4218 : N ; -fun originate4219 : V ; -fun orthography4220 : N ; -fun ostensible4222 : Adj1 ; -fun ostensive4223 : Adj1 ; -fun ostentation4224 : N ; -fun ostentatious4225 : Adj1 ; -fun other4226 : Adj1 ; -fun other4227 : N ; -fun ought4230 : TV ; -fun outdated4238 : Adj1 ; -fun outdoor4239 : Adj1 ; -fun outdoors4240 : N ; -fun outer4241 : Adj1 ; -fun outermost4242 : AdjDeg ; -fun outlaw4243 : N ; -fun outlaw4244 : TV ; -fun outline4245 : N ; -fun outline4246 : TV ; -fun outrage4247 : N ; -fun outrage4248 : TV ; -fun outside4250 : N ; -fun outstanding4252 : Adj1 ; -fun over4254 : N ; -fun overflow4256 : N ; -fun overflow4257 : TV ; -fun overflow4258 : TV ; -fun overlap4259 : TV ; -fun overt4260 : Adj1 ; -fun overture4261 : N ; -fun overwhelm4262 : TV ; -fun owe4263 : V3 ; -fun own4264 : Adj1 ; -fun own4265 : TV ; -fun ox4266 : N ; -fun oxford4268 : N ; -fun oxygen4269 : N ; -fun pace4270 : N ; -fun pack4271 : TV ; -fun package4272 : N ; -fun package4273 : TV ; -fun packet4274 : N ; -fun page4275 : N ; -fun pain4278 : N ; -fun painstaking4279 : Adj1 ; -fun paint4280 : N ; -fun paint4281 : TV ; -fun pair4282 : N ; -fun pair4283 : V3 ; -fun palace4284 : N ; -fun pale4285 : AdjDeg ; -fun pamper4286 : TV ; -fun pamphlet4287 : N ; -fun pan4288 : N ; -fun panacea4289 : N ; -fun pane4290 : N ; -fun panel4291 : N ; -fun panelling4292 : N ; -fun panic4293 : V ; -fun panic4294 : N ; -fun pantry4295 : N ; -fun paper4296 : N ; -fun paper4297 : TV ; -fun paradigm4298 : N ; -fun paradox4299 : N ; -fun paragraph4300 : N ; -fun parallel4301 : N ; -fun parallel4302 : TV ; -fun parallel4303 : AdjDeg ; -fun parallel4304 : AdjDeg ; -fun parameter4305 : N ; -fun paraphrase4306 : N ; -fun paraphrase4307 : TV ; -fun parasite4308 : N ; -fun parasitic4309 : Adj1 ; -fun parasol4310 : N ; -fun parcel4311 : N ; -fun parent4312 : N ; -fun parenthesis4314 : N ; -fun parenthesize4315 : TV ; -fun parenthetical4316 : Adj1 ; -fun paris4317 : N ; -fun parity4318 : N ; -fun park4319 : N ; -fun park4320 : TV ; -fun parliament4321 : N ; -fun parse4322 : TV ; -fun parsimony4323 : N ; -fun part4324 : N ; -fun participant4325 : N ; -fun participate4326 : V ; -fun particle4327 : N ; -fun particular4328 : Adj1 ; -fun partition4329 : N ; -fun partition4330 : TV ; -fun partly4331 : AdV ; -fun partner4332 : N ; -fun party4333 : N ; -fun pass4334 : V3 ; -fun passage4335 : N ; -fun passenger4336 : N ; -fun passion4337 : N ; -fun passionate4338 : Adj1 ; -fun passive4339 : Adj1 ; -fun past4340 : Adj1 ; -fun past4341 : N ; -fun paste4342 : N ; -fun paste4343 : V3 ; -fun pastry4344 : N ; -fun pasty4345 : N ; -fun pat4346 : TV ; -fun path4347 : N ; -fun pathology4348 : N ; -fun patience4349 : N ; -fun patient4350 : N ; -fun patient4351 : AdjDeg ; -fun patient4352 : AdjDeg ; -fun pattern4353 : N ; -fun paucity4354 : N ; -fun pause4355 : TV ; -fun pause4356 : N ; -fun pay4357 : N ; -fun pay4358 : TV ; -fun pea4359 : N ; -fun peace4360 : N ; -fun peak4361 : N ; -fun pear4362 : N ; -fun peculiar4363 : AdjDeg ; -fun peculiar4364 : AdjDeg ; -fun pedagogical4365 : Adj1 ; -fun pedant4366 : N ; -fun pedantic4367 : Adj1 ; -fun pedantically4368 : Adj1 ; -fun pelvic4369 : Adj1 ; -fun pelvis4370 : N ; -fun pen4371 : N ; -fun penal4372 : Adj1 ; -fun penalize4373 : TV ; -fun penalty4374 : N ; -fun pence4375 : N ; -fun pencil4376 : N ; -fun pending4377 : Adj1 ; -fun penetrate4378 : TV ; -fun penny4380 : N ; -fun people4381 : N ; -fun people4382 : N ; -fun pepper4383 : N ; -fun perceive4384 : TV ; -fun perception4385 : N ; -fun perceptive4386 : Adj1 ; -fun perceptual4387 : Adj1 ; -fun percolate4388 : TV ; -fun percolator4389 : N ; -fun peremptory4390 : Adj1 ; -fun perfect4391 : Adj1 ; -fun perform4392 : V ; -fun perhaps4393 : AdV ; -fun period4394 : N ; -fun peripheral4395 : Adj1 ; -fun periphery4396 : N ; -fun perjure4397 : TV ; -fun permanent4398 : Adj1 ; -fun permissible4399 : Adj1 ; -fun permission4400 : N ; -fun permissive4401 : Adj1 ; -fun permit4402 : N ; -fun permit4403 : TV ; -fun permute4404 : TV ; -fun perpetual4405 : Adj1 ; -fun perpetuate4406 : TV ; -fun perpetuity4407 : N ; -fun persimmon4408 : N ; -fun persist4409 : TV ; -fun persistence4410 : N ; -fun persistent4411 : Adj1 ; -fun person4412 : N ; -fun personal4413 : Adj1 ; -fun perspective4414 : N ; -fun perspicuous4415 : Adj1 ; -fun persuade4416 : V3 ; -fun persuade4417 : TV ; -fun persuasion4418 : N ; -fun persuasive4419 : Adj1 ; -fun perverse4420 : Adj1 ; -fun perversion4421 : N ; -fun pervert4422 : N ; -fun pervert4423 : TV ; -fun pet4424 : N ; -fun petrol4425 : N ; -fun phenomenon4428 : N ; -fun philosopher4429 : N ; -fun philosophy4430 : N ; -fun phone4431 : N ; -fun phone4432 : TV ; -fun phonemic4433 : Adj1 ; -fun phonetic4434 : Adj1 ; -fun phonetically4435 : AdV ; -fun phonetics4436 : N ; -fun phonology4437 : N ; -fun phonotactic4438 : Adj1 ; -fun photo4439 : N ; -fun photograph4440 : N ; -fun photograph4441 : TV ; -fun photography4442 : N ; -fun phrase4443 : N ; -fun physical4444 : Adj1 ; -fun physician4445 : N ; -fun physics4446 : N ; -fun pianist4447 : N ; -fun piano4448 : N ; -fun pick4449 : N ; -fun pick4450 : TV ; -fun pick4451 : V3 ; -fun picnic4452 : N ; -fun picnic4453 : TV ; -fun picture4454 : N ; -fun picture4455 : TV ; -fun piece4456 : N ; -fun pierce4457 : TV ; -fun pig4458 : N ; -fun pigeon4459 : N ; -fun pilchard4460 : N ; -fun pile4461 : N ; -fun pilfer4462 : TV ; -fun pill4463 : N ; -fun pillar4464 : N ; -fun pillow4465 : N ; -fun pilot4466 : N ; -fun pilot4467 : TV ; -fun pin4468 : N ; -fun pin4469 : V3 ; -fun pink4470 : AdjDeg ; -fun pipe4471 : N ; -fun pistol4472 : N ; -fun pit4473 : N ; -fun pitch4474 : N ; -fun pitch4475 : TV ; -fun pitchfork4476 : N ; -fun pith4477 : N ; -fun pity4478 : TV ; -fun pity4479 : N ; -fun place4480 : N ; -fun place4481 : TV ; -fun place4482 : V3 ; -fun plague4483 : N ; -fun plague4484 : TV ; -fun plain4485 : AdjDeg ; -fun plain4486 : N ; -fun plan4487 : TV ; -fun plan4488 : N ; -fun planar4489 : Adj1 ; -fun plane4490 : N ; -fun planet4491 : N ; -fun plant4492 : N ; -fun plastic4493 : Adj1 ; -fun plastic4494 : N ; -fun plate4495 : N ; -fun plateau4496 : N ; -fun platypus4497 : N ; -fun plausible4498 : Adj1 ; -fun play4499 : N ; -fun play4500 : TV ; -fun play4501 : TV ; -fun play4502 : TV ; -fun pleasant4503 : Adj1 ; -fun please4504 : TV ; -fun pleasure4505 : N ; -fun pledge4506 : N ; -fun pledge4507 : TV ; -fun plenty4508 : N ; -fun plot4509 : N ; -fun plot4510 : TV ; -fun plug4511 : N ; -fun plum4512 : N ; -fun plumber4513 : N ; -fun plume4514 : N ; -fun plummet4515 : TV ; -fun plump4516 : AdjDeg ; -fun plunge4517 : TV ; -fun plural4518 : Adj1 ; -fun plural4519 : N ; -fun pocket4520 : N ; -fun pocket4521 : TV ; -fun poem4522 : N ; -fun poet4523 : N ; -fun poetry4524 : N ; -fun point4525 : N ; -fun point4526 : TV ; -fun poison4527 : N ; -fun poison4528 : TV ; -fun poland4529 : N ; -fun polar4530 : Adj1 ; -fun pole4531 : N ; -fun police4532 : N ; -fun policeman4533 : N ; -fun policy4535 : N ; -fun polish4536 : Adj1 ; -fun polish4537 : N ; -fun polish4538 : TV ; -fun polite4539 : AdjDeg ; -fun polite4540 : AdjDeg ; -fun political4541 : Adj1 ; -fun politician4542 : N ; -fun politics4543 : N ; -fun pollute4544 : TV ; -fun ponder4545 : TV ; -fun pool4546 : N ; -fun poor4547 : N ; -fun poor4548 : AdjDeg ; -fun pop4549 : N ; -fun popular4550 : AdjDeg ; -fun popular4551 : AdjDeg ; -fun populated4552 : AdjDeg ; -fun populated4553 : AdjDeg ; -fun population4554 : N ; -fun porcupine4555 : N ; -fun pore4556 : N ; -fun pore4557 : TV ; -fun pork4558 : N ; -fun porosity4559 : N ; -fun porous4560 : Adj1 ; -fun porpoise4561 : N ; -fun port4562 : N ; -fun portable4563 : Adj1 ; -fun portion4564 : N ; -fun pose4565 : N ; -fun pose4566 : TV ; -fun position4567 : N ; -fun positive4568 : AdjDeg ; -fun positive4569 : AdjDeg ; -fun positively4570 : AdV ; -fun possess4571 : TV ; -fun possession4572 : N ; -fun possible4573 : AdjDeg ; -fun possible4574 : AdjDeg ; -fun possible4575 : AdjDeg ; -fun post4577 : N ; -fun post4578 : V3 ; -fun posterior4579 : Adj1 ; -fun postman4580 : N ; -fun postmen4581 : N ; -fun postpone4582 : TV ; -fun postulate4583 : TV ; -fun pot4584 : N ; -fun potato4585 : N ; -fun potency4586 : N ; -fun potent4587 : Adj1 ; -fun potential4588 : Adj1 ; -fun pound4589 : N ; -fun pound4590 : TV ; -fun pour4591 : V3 ; -fun powder4592 : N ; -fun power4593 : N ; -fun power4594 : TV ; -fun practical4595 : Adj1 ; -fun practice4596 : N ; -fun practise4597 : TV ; -fun practitioner4598 : N ; -fun pragmatic4599 : Adj1 ; -fun pragmatically4600 : AdV ; -fun pragmatics4601 : N ; -fun praise4602 : N ; -fun praise4603 : TV ; -fun pray4604 : TV ; -fun prayer4605 : N ; -fun precarious4607 : Adj1 ; -fun precede4608 : TV ; -fun precedence4609 : N ; -fun precedent4610 : N ; -fun precious4611 : Adj1 ; -fun precise4612 : Adj1 ; -fun precision4613 : N ; -fun preclude4614 : TV ; -fun precursor4615 : N ; -fun predecessor4616 : N ; -fun predicate4617 : N ; -fun predicate4618 : TV ; -fun predict4619 : TV ; -fun predilection4620 : N ; -fun preface4621 : N ; -fun prefer4622 : V3 ; -fun prefer4623 : TV ; -fun prefer4624 : TV ; -fun prefer4625 : TV ; -fun preference4626 : N ; -fun pregnancy4627 : N ; -fun pregnant4628 : Adj1 ; -fun prejudice4629 : N ; -fun prejudiced4630 : Adj1 ; -fun preliminary4631 : Adj1 ; -fun premise4632 : N ; -fun preoccupation4633 : N ; -fun preoccupied4634 : AdjDeg ; -fun preoccupy4635 : TV ; -fun prepare4636 : V3 ; -fun preposition4637 : N ; -fun prerequisite4638 : N ; -fun prescribe4639 : TV ; -fun prescription4640 : N ; -fun prescriptive4641 : Adj1 ; -fun presence4642 : N ; -fun present4643 : Adj1 ; -fun present4644 : N ; -fun present4645 : V3 ; -fun preserve4646 : V3 ; -fun preside4647 : TV ; -fun presidency4648 : N ; -fun president4649 : N ; -fun press4650 : TV ; -fun pressure4651 : N ; -fun prestige4652 : N ; -fun presume4653 : TV ; -fun presumption4654 : N ; -fun presumptuous4655 : Adj1 ; -fun presuppose4656 : TV ; -fun presupposition4657 : N ; -fun pretence4658 : N ; -fun pretend4659 : TV ; -fun pretty4660 : AdjDeg ; -fun prevent4661 : TV ; -fun previous4662 : Adj1 ; -fun price4663 : N ; -fun prick4664 : V ; -fun prickle4665 : N ; -fun pride4666 : N ; -fun priest4667 : N ; -fun prim4668 : AdjDeg ; -fun primary4669 : Adj1 ; -fun primitive4672 : Adj1 ; -fun prince4673 : N ; -fun principal4674 : Adj1 ; -fun principle4675 : N ; -fun principled4676 : Adj1 ; -fun print4677 : TV ; -fun prior4678 : N ; -fun prior4679 : AdjDeg ; -fun prior4680 : AdjDeg ; -fun priority4681 : N ; -fun prison4682 : N ; -fun privacy4683 : N ; -fun private4684 : Adj1 ; -fun privilege4685 : N ; -fun prize4686 : N ; -fun probability4687 : N ; -fun probable4688 : AdjDeg ; -fun probable4689 : AdjDeg ; -fun probe4690 : N ; -fun probe4691 : TV ; -fun problem4692 : N ; -fun problematic4693 : Adj1 ; -fun procedure4694 : N ; -fun proceed4695 : V ; -fun proceedings4696 : N ; -fun process4697 : N ; -fun process4698 : TV ; -fun procession4699 : N ; -fun processor4700 : N ; -fun produce4701 : N ; -fun produce4702 : TV ; -fun product4703 : N ; -fun profession4704 : N ; -fun professor4706 : N ; -fun proficiency4707 : N ; -fun proficient4708 : Adj2 ; -fun profit4709 : N ; -fun profitable4710 : Adj1 ; -fun profound4711 : Adj1 ; -fun profundity4712 : N ; -fun profuse4713 : Adj1 ; -fun profusion4714 : N ; -fun prognosis4715 : N ; -fun program4716 : N ; -fun program4717 : TV ; -fun programme4718 : N ; -fun progress4719 : V ; -fun progress4720 : N ; -fun prohibit4721 : TV ; -fun project4722 : N ; -fun project4723 : TV ; -fun proliferate4724 : TV ; -fun prolong4725 : TV ; -fun prominence4726 : N ; -fun prominent4727 : Adj1 ; -fun promise4728 : TV ; -fun promote4729 : TV ; -fun prompt4730 : AdjDeg ; -fun prompt4731 : N ; -fun prompt4732 : TV ; -fun promulgate4733 : TV ; -fun prone4734 : AdjDeg ; -fun prone4735 : AdjDeg ; -fun pronominal4736 : Adj1 ; -fun pronoun4737 : N ; -fun pronounce4738 : TV ; -fun pronunciation4739 : N ; -fun proof4742 : N ; -fun propagate4743 : TV ; -fun propensity4744 : N ; -fun proper4745 : Adj1 ; -fun property4746 : N ; -fun proponent4747 : N ; -fun proportion4748 : N ; -fun propose4749 : TV ; -fun propose4750 : TV ; -fun proposition4751 : N ; -fun prose4752 : N ; -fun prosody4753 : N ; -fun prospect4754 : N ; -fun prospect4755 : TV ; -fun prospective4756 : Adj1 ; -fun prospector4757 : N ; -fun protect4758 : V3 ; -fun protest4759 : N ; -fun protest4760 : TV ; -fun protocol4761 : N ; -fun prototype4762 : N ; -fun proud4763 : AdjDeg ; -fun proud4764 : AdjDeg ; -fun prove4765 : TV ; -fun proven4766 : Adj1 ; -fun provide4768 : V3 ; -fun provision4769 : N ; -fun prune4770 : N ; -fun prune4771 : TV ; -fun psychology4773 : N ; -fun pub4774 : N ; -fun public4775 : Adj1 ; -fun public4776 : N ; -fun publication4777 : N ; -fun publicity4778 : N ; -fun publish4779 : TV ; -fun pull4780 : TV ; -fun pulley4781 : N ; -fun pulpit4782 : N ; -fun pump4783 : N ; -fun punch4784 : N ; -fun punch4785 : TV ; -fun punctual4786 : Adj1 ; -fun punctuate4787 : TV ; -fun punish4788 : TV ; -fun punitive4789 : Adj1 ; -fun pupil4790 : N ; -fun purchase4791 : V ; -fun pure4792 : AdjDeg ; -fun purge4793 : N ; -fun purple4794 : AdjDeg ; -fun purpose4795 : N ; -fun purse4796 : N ; -fun pursue4797 : TV ; -fun pursuit4798 : N ; -fun purveyor4799 : N ; -fun push4800 : TV ; -fun put4801 : V3 ; -fun put4802 : V3 ; -fun put4803 : V3 ; -fun puzzle4804 : V ; -fun puzzle4805 : V ; -fun puzzle4806 : N ; -fun puzzle4807 : TV ; -fun pyramid4808 : N ; -fun quadruple4809 : N ; -fun quail4810 : N ; -fun qualify4811 : TV ; -fun qualitative4812 : Adj1 ; -fun quality4813 : N ; -fun quantify4814 : TV ; -fun quantitative4815 : Adj1 ; -fun quantity4816 : N ; -fun quarrel4817 : N ; -fun quarter4818 : N ; -fun quartet4819 : N ; -fun queen4820 : N ; -fun queer4821 : AdjDeg ; -fun query4822 : N ; -fun query4823 : TV ; -fun quest4824 : N ; -fun question4825 : N ; -fun question4826 : TV ; -fun quibble4827 : TV ; -fun quick4828 : AdjDeg ; -fun quiet4829 : AdjDeg ; -fun quiet4830 : N ; -fun quilt4831 : N ; -fun quit4832 : TV ; -fun quite4833 : AdV ; -fun quiz4834 : N ; -fun quote4836 : TV ; -fun rabbit4837 : N ; -fun rabid4838 : Adj1 ; -fun rabies4839 : N ; -fun race4840 : N ; -fun race4841 : TV ; -fun rack4842 : N ; -fun radar4843 : N ; -fun radical4844 : Adj1 ; -fun radii4845 : N ; -fun radio4846 : N ; -fun radish4847 : N ; -fun radius4848 : N ; -fun rage4849 : N ; -fun raid4850 : TV ; -fun rail4851 : N ; -fun railway4852 : N ; -fun rain4853 : V ; -fun rain4854 : N ; -fun raise4855 : TV ; -fun raisin4856 : N ; -fun random4858 : Adj1 ; -fun range4861 : N ; -fun range4862 : TV ; -fun rank4863 : N ; -fun rank4864 : TV ; -fun rapid4865 : Adj1 ; -fun rare4866 : AdjDeg ; -fun rat4867 : N ; -fun rate4868 : N ; -fun rather4869 : AdV ; -fun ratio4870 : N ; -fun ration4871 : N ; -fun ration4872 : TV ; -fun rational4873 : Adj1 ; -fun rationale4874 : N ; -fun raw4875 : AdjDeg ; -fun ray4876 : N ; -fun razor4877 : N ; -fun reach4879 : TV ; -fun read4880 : TV ; -fun read4881 : TV ; -fun read4882 : TV ; -fun ready4883 : AdjDeg ; -fun ready4884 : AdjDeg ; -fun real4885 : Adj1 ; -fun realist4886 : N ; -fun realistic4887 : Adj1 ; -fun realistically4888 : AdV ; -fun realize4889 : TV ; -fun realm4890 : N ; -fun rear4891 : Adj1 ; -fun rear4892 : N ; -fun reason4893 : V ; -fun reason4894 : N ; -fun reasonable4895 : Adj1 ; -fun rebut4896 : TV ; -fun recapitulate4897 : TV ; -fun recede4898 : V ; -fun receipt4899 : N ; -fun receive4900 : V3 ; -fun recency4901 : N ; -fun recent4902 : Adj1 ; -fun reception4903 : N ; -fun recession4904 : N ; -fun recipe4905 : N ; -fun recipient4906 : N ; -fun reciprocal4907 : Adj1 ; -fun reciprocate4908 : V ; -fun recite4909 : TV ; -fun recognise4910 : TV ; -fun recognition4911 : N ; -fun recognize4912 : TV ; -fun recommend4913 : TV ; -fun reconcile4914 : TV ; -fun record4915 : N ; -fun record4916 : TV ; -fun recourse4917 : N ; -fun recover4918 : TV ; -fun recovery4919 : N ; -fun rectify4920 : TV ; -fun recursion4921 : N ; -fun recursive4922 : Adj1 ; -fun red4923 : AdjDeg ; -fun redeem4924 : TV ; -fun reduce4925 : TV ; -fun reducible4926 : Adj2 ; -fun reducible4927 : Adj2 ; -fun redundancy4928 : N ; -fun redundant4929 : Adj1 ; -fun reed4930 : N ; -fun refer4931 : TV ; -fun reference4932 : N ; -fun referent4933 : N ; -fun referral4934 : N ; -fun refine4935 : TV ; -fun reflect4936 : V ; -fun reflexive4937 : Adj1 ; -fun refractor4938 : N ; -fun refractory4939 : Adj1 ; -fun refresh4940 : TV ; -fun refuse4941 : N ; -fun refuse4942 : TV ; -fun refute4943 : TV ; -fun regard4944 : N ; -fun regard4945 : TV ; -fun regime4946 : N ; -fun regiment4947 : N ; -fun regiment4948 : TV ; -fun region4949 : N ; -fun regress4950 : TV ; -fun regular4951 : Adj1 ; -fun regulate4952 : TV ; -fun regulation4953 : N ; -fun reinforce4954 : TV ; -fun reject4955 : TV ; -fun rejoice4956 : V ; -fun relate4957 : V3 ; -fun related4958 : AdjDeg ; -fun related4959 : AdjDeg ; -fun relation4960 : N ; -fun relative4961 : N ; -fun relax4962 : TV ; -fun release4963 : TV ; -fun relegate4964 : V3 ; -fun relevance4965 : N ; -fun relevant4966 : AdjDeg ; -fun relevant4967 : AdjDeg ; -fun reliable4968 : Adj1 ; -fun relief4969 : N ; -fun relieve4970 : TV ; -fun religion4971 : N ; -fun religious4972 : Adj1 ; -fun relinquish4973 : TV ; -fun reluctance4974 : N ; -fun reluctant4975 : AdjDeg ; -fun reluctant4976 : AdjDeg ; -fun rely4977 : TV ; -fun remain4978 : TV ; -fun remainder4979 : N ; -fun remains4980 : N ; -fun remark4981 : N ; -fun remedial4982 : Adj1 ; -fun remedy4983 : N ; -fun remedy4984 : TV ; -fun remember4985 : TV ; -fun remind4986 : V3 ; -fun remind4987 : TV ; -fun reminder4988 : N ; -fun reminiscent4989 : Adj2 ; -fun reminiscent4990 : Adj2 ; -fun remnant4991 : N ; -fun remote4992 : AdjDeg ; -fun remove4993 : V3 ; -fun renaissance4994 : N ; -fun render4995 : V3 ; -fun rendition4996 : N ; -fun renew4997 : TV ; -fun renounce4998 : TV ; -fun rent4999 : N ; -fun rent5000 : TV ; -fun renunciation5001 : N ; -fun repair5002 : N ; -fun repair5003 : TV ; -fun repeat5004 : TV ; -fun repercussion5005 : N ; -fun repetition5006 : N ; -fun repetitious5007 : Adj1 ; -fun repetitive5008 : Adj1 ; -fun replace5009 : TV ; -fun replica5010 : N ; -fun replicate5011 : TV ; -fun reply5012 : N ; -fun reply5013 : TV ; -fun report5014 : N ; -fun report5015 : TV ; -fun report5016 : TV ; -fun reprehend5017 : TV ; -fun reprehensible5018 : Adj1 ; -fun represent5019 : TV ; -fun representative5020 : Adj1 ; -fun representative5021 : N ; -fun reprove5022 : TV ; -fun reptile5023 : N ; -fun republic5024 : N ; -fun request5025 : TV ; -fun request5026 : N ; -fun require5027 : TV ; -fun require5028 : V3 ; -fun requisite5029 : Adj1 ; -fun rescue5030 : TV ; -fun resemble5031 : TV ; -fun reset5032 : TV ; -fun reside5033 : TV ; -fun residence5034 : N ; -fun resident5035 : N ; -fun residue5036 : N ; -fun resist5037 : TV ; -fun resistant5038 : Adj2 ; -fun resistence5039 : N ; -fun resolute5040 : Adj1 ; -fun resolution5041 : N ; -fun resolve5042 : TV ; -fun resort5043 : N ; -fun resort5044 : TV ; -fun resource5045 : N ; -fun respect5046 : N ; -fun respect5047 : TV ; -fun respective5048 : Adj1 ; -fun respiration5049 : N ; -fun respiratory5050 : Adj1 ; -fun respond5051 : TV ; -fun response5052 : N ; -fun responsible5053 : AdjDeg ; -fun responsible5054 : AdjDeg ; -fun rest5055 : N ; -fun rest5056 : TV ; -fun restaurant5057 : N ; -fun restore5058 : V3 ; -fun restrain5059 : TV ; -fun restraint5060 : N ; -fun restrict5061 : V ; -fun result5062 : N ; -fun result5063 : TV ; -fun resume5064 : TV ; -fun resumption5065 : V ; -fun resurgence5066 : N ; -fun resurgent5067 : Adj1 ; -fun resurrect5068 : TV ; -fun retain5069 : TV ; -fun retention5070 : N ; -fun retract5071 : V ; -fun retrieve5072 : TV ; -fun return5073 : N ; -fun return5074 : TV ; -fun return5075 : TV ; -fun revamp5076 : TV ; -fun reveal5077 : TV ; -fun revel5078 : TV ; -fun revelation5079 : N ; -fun revenge5080 : N ; -fun revenue5081 : N ; -fun reverse5082 : TV ; -fun reverse5083 : N ; -fun reversible5084 : Adj1 ; -fun revise5085 : V ; -fun revive5086 : TV ; -fun revocation5087 : N ; -fun revoke5088 : TV ; -fun revolution5089 : N ; -fun revolve5090 : TV ; -fun reward5091 : TV ; -fun reward5092 : N ; -fun rhetoric5093 : N ; -fun rice5094 : N ; -fun rich5095 : AdjDeg ; -fun rid5096 : V3 ; -fun ride5098 : N ; -fun ride5099 : TV ; -fun ridiculous5100 : Adj1 ; -fun right5101 : Adj1 ; -fun right5102 : N ; -fun rigid5103 : AdjDeg ; -fun rigorous5104 : Adj1 ; -fun rigour5105 : N ; -fun ring5106 : N ; -fun ring5107 : TV ; -fun ring5108 : TV ; -fun ripe5109 : AdjDeg ; -fun rise5110 : N ; -fun rise5111 : TV ; -fun risk5113 : N ; -fun risk5114 : TV ; -fun rite5115 : N ; -fun rival5116 : Adj1 ; -fun rival5117 : N ; -fun rivalry5118 : N ; -fun river5119 : N ; -fun road5120 : N ; -fun roam5121 : TV ; -fun roast5122 : Adj1 ; -fun roast5123 : TV ; -fun rob5124 : TV ; -fun robot5125 : N ; -fun robust5126 : Adj1 ; -fun rock5127 : N ; -fun rock5128 : TV ; -fun rock5129 : TV ; -fun rod5130 : N ; -fun role5132 : N ; -fun roll5133 : V ; -fun romance5134 : N ; -fun romantic5135 : Adj1 ; -fun romantic5136 : N ; -fun roof5137 : N ; -fun room5138 : N ; -fun root5139 : N ; -fun rope5140 : N ; -fun rose5142 : N ; -fun rot5143 : TV ; -fun rotten5144 : AdjDeg ; -fun rough5145 : AdjDeg ; -fun round5146 : AdjDeg ; -fun route5147 : N ; -fun routine5148 : Adj1 ; -fun routine5149 : N ; -fun row5150 : N ; -fun row5151 : TV ; -fun royal5152 : AdjDeg ; -fun royalty5153 : N ; -fun rub5154 : V ; -fun rubber5155 : N ; -fun rubbish5156 : N ; -fun rude5157 : AdjDeg ; -fun rude5158 : AdjDeg ; -fun rudimentary5159 : Adj1 ; -fun ruin5160 : N ; -fun ruin5161 : TV ; -fun rule5162 : N ; -fun rule5163 : TV ; -fun ruler5164 : N ; -fun rump5165 : N ; -fun run5166 : N ; -fun run5167 : TV ; -fun run5168 : TV ; -fun rush5171 : N ; -fun russian5172 : Adj1 ; -fun russian5173 : N ; -fun sabbatical5179 : Adj1 ; -fun sad5180 : AdjDeg ; -fun safe5181 : N ; -fun safe5182 : AdjDeg ; -fun safe5183 : AdjDeg ; -fun safety5184 : N ; -fun sail5187 : N ; -fun saint5188 : N ; -fun saintly5189 : AdjDeg ; -fun sake5190 : N ; -fun salad5191 : N ; -fun sale5192 : N ; -fun salient5193 : Adj1 ; -fun saline5194 : Adj1 ; -fun salt5195 : N ; -fun same5196 : Adj1 ; -fun sample5197 : N ; -fun sanction5198 : N ; -fun sanction5199 : TV ; -fun sand5200 : N ; -fun sandy5201 : N ; -fun sane5202 : AdjDeg ; -fun satanic5209 : Adj1 ; -fun satisfaction5210 : N ; -fun satisfactory5211 : Adj1 ; -fun satisfy5212 : TV ; -fun saturday5213 : N ; -fun sauce5214 : N ; -fun saucer5215 : N ; -fun saucy5216 : AdjDeg ; -fun sausage5217 : N ; -fun save5218 : TV ; -fun savings5219 : N ; -fun saw5220 : N ; -fun saw5222 : TV ; -fun say5224 : TV ; -fun scale5225 : N ; -fun scan5226 : TV ; -fun scarce5227 : AdjDeg ; -fun scare5228 : TV ; -fun scatter5229 : TV ; -fun scenario5230 : N ; -fun scene5231 : N ; -fun sceptic5232 : N ; -fun schedule5233 : N ; -fun schedule5234 : TV ; -fun schema5235 : N ; -fun schematic5237 : AdjDeg ; -fun scheme5238 : N ; -fun scholastic5239 : Adj1 ; -fun school5240 : N ; -fun science5241 : N ; -fun scientific5242 : Adj1 ; -fun scientist5243 : N ; -fun scissors5244 : N ; -fun scold5245 : V ; -fun scope5246 : N ; -fun score5247 : N ; -fun score5248 : TV ; -fun score5249 : N ; -fun scramble5250 : TV ; -fun scratch5251 : N ; -fun scratch5252 : TV ; -fun screen5253 : N ; -fun screw5254 : N ; -fun screw5255 : V3 ; -fun screw5256 : TV ; -fun script5257 : N ; -fun scrupulous5258 : Adj1 ; -fun scrutiny5259 : N ; -fun sea5260 : N ; -fun search5261 : N ; -fun search5262 : TV ; -fun search5263 : TV ; -fun season5264 : N ; -fun season5265 : TV ; -fun seat5266 : N ; -fun second5267 : AdjDeg ; -fun second5268 : N ; -fun secrecy5269 : N ; -fun secret5270 : Adj2 ; -fun secret5271 : N ; -fun secretary5272 : N ; -fun section5273 : N ; -fun secure5274 : TV ; -fun secure5275 : AdjDeg ; -fun secure5276 : AdjDeg ; -fun see5277 : TV ; -fun seed5278 : N ; -fun seek5279 : TV ; -fun seem5280 : TV ; -fun seem5281 : V3 ; -fun seem5282 : TV ; -fun segment5284 : N ; -fun segment5285 : TV ; -fun seize5286 : TV ; -fun seldom5287 : AdV ; -fun select5288 : V ; -fun self5289 : N ; -fun sell5290 : TV ; -fun selves5291 : N ; -fun semantic5292 : Adj1 ; -fun semantics5293 : N ; -fun send5295 : V3 ; -fun send5296 : V3 ; -fun sensation5297 : N ; -fun sense5298 : N ; -fun sense5299 : TV ; -fun sense5300 : TV ; -fun sensible5301 : Adj1 ; -fun sensitive5302 : AdjDeg ; -fun sensitive5303 : AdjDeg ; -fun sensory5304 : Adj1 ; -fun sentence5309 : N ; -fun separate5310 : TV ; -fun separate5311 : V3 ; -fun separate5312 : AdjDeg ; -fun separate5313 : AdjDeg ; -fun september5314 : N ; -fun sequel5315 : N ; -fun sequence5316 : N ; -fun serial5317 : Adj1 ; -fun series5318 : N ; -fun serious5319 : Adj1 ; -fun servant5320 : N ; -fun serve5321 : TV ; -fun service5322 : N ; -fun session5323 : N ; -fun set5325 : N ; -fun set5326 : TV ; -fun set5327 : V ; -fun setting5328 : N ; -fun settle5329 : TV ; -fun seven5330 : AdjDeg ; -fun seventeen5331 : AdjDeg ; -fun seventeenth5332 : AdjDeg ; -fun seventh5333 : AdjDeg ; -fun seventy5335 : AdjDeg ; -fun several5336 : N ; -fun several5337 : AdjDeg ; -fun severe5338 : Adj1 ; -fun sew5339 : TV ; -fun sew5340 : TV ; -fun sex5345 : N ; -fun sexual5346 : Adj1 ; -fun shade5347 : N ; -fun shade5348 : TV ; -fun shadow5349 : N ; -fun shake5350 : N ; -fun shake5351 : TV ; -fun shake5352 : TV ; -fun shall5355 : V ; -fun shallow5356 : AdjDeg ; -fun shame5357 : N ; -fun shape5359 : TV ; -fun share5360 : N ; -fun share5361 : V3 ; -fun sharp5362 : AdjDeg ; -fun shatter5363 : TV ; -fun shave5364 : N ; -fun shave5365 : TV ; -fun shave5366 : TV ; -fun shaven5367 : Adj1 ; -fun she5368 : N ; -fun shear5369 : TV ; -fun shears5370 : N ; -fun shed5371 : N ; -fun shed5372 : TV ; -fun shed5373 : TV ; -fun shed5374 : TV ; -fun sheep5375 : N ; -fun sheer5376 : AdjDeg ; -fun sheet5377 : N ; -fun shelf5378 : N ; -fun shell5379 : N ; -fun shelve5380 : TV ; -fun shift5382 : TV ; -fun shine5383 : V ; -fun ship5385 : N ; -fun shirt5386 : N ; -fun shock5387 : N ; -fun shock5388 : TV ; -fun shoe5389 : N ; -fun shoot5394 : TV ; -fun shop5395 : N ; -fun shore5396 : N ; -fun short5397 : AdjDeg ; -fun shortcoming5398 : N ; -fun shot5399 : N ; -fun should5402 : V ; -fun shoulder5403 : N ; -fun shoulder5404 : TV ; -fun shout5406 : N ; -fun shout5407 : TV ; -fun show5408 : N ; -fun show5409 : V3 ; -fun shrug5412 : TV ; -fun shrug5413 : TV ; -fun shrug5414 : N ; -fun shut5415 : TV ; -fun shut5416 : TV ; -fun shut5417 : TV ; -fun sibling5418 : N ; -fun sick5419 : AdjDeg ; -fun side5420 : N ; -fun sidestep5421 : TV ; -fun sideways5423 : Adj1 ; -fun sight5424 : N ; -fun sign5425 : N ; -fun sign5426 : TV ; -fun signal5427 : N ; -fun signal5428 : TV ; -fun signature5429 : N ; -fun significance5430 : N ; -fun significant5431 : Adj1 ; -fun signify5432 : TV ; -fun silence5433 : N ; -fun silent5434 : Adj1 ; -fun silk5435 : Adj1 ; -fun silk5436 : N ; -fun silly5437 : AdjDeg ; -fun silver5438 : N ; -fun similar5439 : AdjDeg ; -fun similar5440 : AdjDeg ; -fun simple5441 : AdjDeg ; -fun simplicity5442 : N ; -fun simulate5443 : TV ; -fun simultaneous5444 : Adj1 ; -fun sincere5448 : Adj1 ; -fun sing5449 : TV ; -fun sing5450 : TV ; -fun single5451 : Adj1 ; -fun singular5452 : Adj1 ; -fun sink5453 : TV ; -fun sink5454 : TV ; -fun sister5456 : N ; -fun sit5457 : TV ; -fun sit5458 : TV ; -fun site5459 : N ; -fun situation5460 : N ; -fun six5461 : AdjDeg ; -fun sixteen5462 : AdjDeg ; -fun sixteenth5463 : AdjDeg ; -fun sixth5464 : AdjDeg ; -fun sixtieth5465 : AdjDeg ; -fun sixty5466 : AdjDeg ; -fun size5467 : N ; -fun skate5468 : N ; -fun skate5469 : TV ; -fun skeletal5470 : Adj1 ; -fun skeleton5471 : N ; -fun sketch5472 : N ; -fun sketch5473 : TV ; -fun skilful5474 : Adj1 ; -fun skill5475 : N ; -fun skilled5476 : Adj1 ; -fun skin5477 : N ; -fun skip5478 : TV ; -fun skip5479 : TV ; -fun skirt5480 : N ; -fun sky5481 : N ; -fun slash5482 : N ; -fun slave5483 : N ; -fun sledge5484 : N ; -fun sleep5485 : N ; -fun sleep5486 : TV ; -fun slide5489 : TV ; -fun slight5490 : AdjDeg ; -fun slight5491 : N ; -fun slim5492 : AdjDeg ; -fun slim5493 : TV ; -fun slip5494 : V ; -fun slip5495 : N ; -fun slipper5496 : N ; -fun slippery5497 : AdjDeg ; -fun sloe5498 : N ; -fun slope5499 : N ; -fun slot5500 : N ; -fun slow5501 : AdjDeg ; -fun small5502 : AdjDeg ; -fun smart5503 : AdjDeg ; -fun smell5504 : N ; -fun smell5505 : TV ; -fun smell5506 : TV ; -fun smelt5508 : TV ; -fun smile5512 : N ; -fun smile5513 : TV ; -fun smoke5514 : N ; -fun smoke5515 : TV ; -fun smooth5516 : AdjDeg ; -fun smooth5517 : TV ; -fun snake5518 : N ; -fun snap5519 : TV ; -fun snap5520 : TV ; -fun snapshot5521 : N ; -fun snow5522 : V ; -fun snow5523 : N ; -fun soap5525 : N ; -fun social5526 : Adj1 ; -fun society5527 : N ; -fun sock5528 : N ; -fun sodium5529 : N ; -fun soft5530 : AdjDeg ; -fun software5531 : N ; -fun soil5532 : N ; -fun soldier5535 : N ; -fun sole5536 : Adj1 ; -fun sole5537 : N ; -fun solemn5538 : Adj1 ; -fun solid5539 : AdjDeg ; -fun solid5540 : N ; -fun soliloquy5542 : N ; -fun solo5543 : Adj1 ; -fun solo5544 : N ; -fun solution5545 : N ; -fun solve5546 : TV ; -fun some5548 : AdjDeg ; -fun somewhat5554 : AdV ; -fun son5556 : N ; -fun song5557 : N ; -fun soon5559 : AdV ; -fun sophisticated5560 : Adj1 ; -fun sophistication5561 : N ; -fun sore5562 : AdjDeg ; -fun sore5563 : N ; -fun sorrow5564 : N ; -fun sorry5565 : AdjDeg ; -fun sorry5566 : AdjDeg ; -fun sorry5567 : AdjDeg ; -fun sort5568 : N ; -fun sort5569 : TV ; -fun soul5572 : N ; -fun sound5573 : AdjDeg ; -fun sound5574 : N ; -fun sound5575 : TV ; -fun soup5576 : N ; -fun sour5577 : AdjDeg ; -fun source5578 : N ; -fun south5579 : N ; -fun south5580 : AdjDeg ; -fun south5581 : AdjDeg ; -fun southern5582 : Adj1 ; -fun space5583 : N ; -fun spade5584 : N ; -fun spain5585 : N ; -fun span5587 : TV ; -fun spanish5588 : AdjDeg ; -fun spare5589 : Adj1 ; -fun spare5590 : V3 ; -fun sparrow5591 : N ; -fun spate5592 : N ; -fun spatial5593 : Adj1 ; -fun speak5594 : TV ; -fun spear5595 : N ; -fun spear5596 : TV ; -fun special5597 : Adj1 ; -fun specialist5598 : N ; -fun specific5599 : AdjDeg ; -fun specific5600 : AdjDeg ; -fun specifically5601 : AdV ; -fun specify5602 : TV ; -fun spectacle5603 : N ; -fun spectacles5604 : N ; -fun spectacular5605 : Adj1 ; -fun spectra5606 : N ; -fun spectral5607 : Adj1 ; -fun spectrum5608 : N ; -fun speculate5609 : TV ; -fun sped5610 : TV ; -fun sped5611 : TV ; -fun speech5612 : N ; -fun speed5613 : N ; -fun spell5614 : N ; -fun spell5615 : TV ; -fun spell5616 : TV ; -fun spend5621 : TV ; -fun spin5624 : TV ; -fun spin5625 : TV ; -fun spinster5626 : N ; -fun spirit5627 : N ; -fun spite5628 : N ; -fun splendid5629 : Adj1 ; -fun splendour5630 : N ; -fun split5632 : V ; -fun split5633 : N ; -fun split5634 : V ; -fun spoil5635 : TV ; -fun spoke5639 : N ; -fun spokesman5641 : N ; -fun spoon5642 : N ; -fun sport5643 : N ; -fun spot5644 : N ; -fun spot5645 : TV ; -fun spread5648 : TV ; -fun spread5649 : V ; -fun spring5650 : N ; -fun spring5651 : TV ; -fun spur5654 : N ; -fun spurious5655 : Adj1 ; -fun square5656 : AdjDeg ; -fun square5657 : N ; -fun stable5658 : AdjDeg ; -fun stable5659 : N ; -fun stack5660 : N ; -fun stack5661 : TV ; -fun staff5662 : N ; -fun staff5663 : TV ; -fun stag5664 : N ; -fun stage5665 : N ; -fun stage5666 : TV ; -fun stain5667 : N ; -fun stain5668 : TV ; -fun stair5669 : N ; -fun stake5670 : N ; -fun stamp5671 : N ; -fun stance5672 : N ; -fun stand5673 : V ; -fun standard5674 : Adj1 ; -fun standard5675 : N ; -fun star5677 : N ; -fun stare5678 : N ; -fun stare5679 : TV ; -fun start5680 : N ; -fun start5681 : TV ; -fun start5682 : TV ; -fun startle5683 : TV ; -fun state5684 : N ; -fun state5685 : V3 ; -fun static5686 : Adj1 ; -fun station5687 : N ; -fun stationary5688 : Adj1 ; -fun stationer5689 : N ; -fun stationery5690 : N ; -fun statistic5691 : N ; -fun statistical5692 : Adj1 ; -fun statistics5693 : N ; -fun statistics5694 : N ; -fun stative5695 : Adj1 ; -fun statue5696 : N ; -fun stature5697 : N ; -fun status5698 : N ; -fun stay5699 : N ; -fun stay5700 : TV ; -fun steady5701 : AdjDeg ; -fun steal5702 : V3 ; -fun steam5703 : N ; -fun steam5704 : TV ; -fun steel5705 : N ; -fun steel5706 : TV ; -fun steep5707 : AdjDeg ; -fun steeple5708 : N ; -fun steer5709 : N ; -fun steer5710 : TV ; -fun stem5711 : N ; -fun stem5712 : TV ; -fun step5713 : N ; -fun step5714 : TV ; -fun sterile5715 : Adj1 ; -fun stick5716 : N ; -fun stick5717 : TV ; -fun sticky5718 : AdjDeg ; -fun stiff5719 : AdjDeg ; -fun still5720 : AdV ; -fun still5721 : AdjDeg ; -fun sting5722 : N ; -fun sting5723 : TV ; -fun stipulate5724 : TV ; -fun stitch5725 : N ; -fun stitch5726 : TV ; -fun stock5727 : N ; -fun stock5728 : TV ; -fun stocking5729 : N ; -fun stomach5732 : N ; -fun stone5733 : N ; -fun stool5736 : N ; -fun stoop5737 : V ; -fun stop5738 : N ; -fun stop5739 : TV ; -fun stop5740 : TV ; -fun storage5741 : N ; -fun store5742 : N ; -fun store5743 : TV ; -fun storm5744 : N ; -fun story5745 : N ; -fun straight5746 : AdjDeg ; -fun straightforward5747 : Adj1 ; -fun strain5748 : N ; -fun strain5749 : TV ; -fun strand5750 : TV ; -fun strange5751 : AdjDeg ; -fun stranger5752 : N ; -fun strategy5754 : N ; -fun stratum5755 : N ; -fun straw5756 : N ; -fun strawberry5757 : N ; -fun stray5758 : AdjDeg ; -fun stray5759 : TV ; -fun stream5760 : N ; -fun streamlined5761 : Adj1 ; -fun street5762 : N ; -fun strength5763 : N ; -fun strengthen5764 : TV ; -fun stress5765 : N ; -fun stress5766 : TV ; -fun stretch5767 : V ; -fun strew5768 : TV ; -fun strict5771 : AdjDeg ; -fun strident5772 : Adj1 ; -fun strike5773 : TV ; -fun string5774 : N ; -fun strip5775 : N ; -fun strip5776 : TV ; -fun strive5777 : TV ; -fun stroke5779 : N ; -fun stroke5780 : TV ; -fun strong5781 : AdjDeg ; -fun structuralism5785 : N ; -fun structuralist5786 : N ; -fun structure5787 : N ; -fun struggle5788 : N ; -fun struggle5789 : TV ; -fun student5792 : N ; -fun study5793 : V ; -fun study5794 : N ; -fun stuff5795 : N ; -fun stuff5796 : TV ; -fun stupid5799 : AdjDeg ; -fun stupor5800 : N ; -fun stutter5801 : TV ; -fun style5802 : N ; -fun stylistic5803 : Adj1 ; -fun suave5804 : AdjDeg ; -fun subcategorize5806 : TV ; -fun subjacency5807 : N ; -fun subjacent5808 : Adj2 ; -fun subjacent5809 : Adj2 ; -fun subject5810 : V3 ; -fun subject5811 : N ; -fun subjective5812 : Adj1 ; -fun submarine5813 : Adj1 ; -fun submarine5814 : N ; -fun submission5815 : N ; -fun submit5816 : TV ; -fun subordinate5817 : Adj1 ; -fun subordinate5818 : TV ; -fun subsequent5819 : Adj1 ; -fun subservient5820 : Adj1 ; -fun substance5821 : N ; -fun substantial5822 : Adj1 ; -fun substantive5823 : Adj1 ; -fun substitute5824 : V3 ; -fun substitute5825 : N ; -fun subsume5826 : TV ; -fun subsumption5827 : N ; -fun subtle5828 : AdjDeg ; -fun subtlety5829 : N ; -fun subtract5830 : V3 ; -fun succeed5831 : TV ; -fun success5832 : N ; -fun succession5833 : N ; -fun successive5834 : Adj1 ; -fun successor5835 : N ; -fun succinct5836 : Adj1 ; -fun succumb5837 : TV ; -fun such5838 : AdjDeg ; -fun suck5839 : TV ; -fun sudden5840 : Adj1 ; -fun sue5841 : N ; -fun suffer5842 : TV ; -fun suffice5843 : TV ; -fun sufficient5844 : Adj1 ; -fun suffix5845 : TV ; -fun suffix5846 : N ; -fun sugar5847 : N ; -fun suggest5848 : TV ; -fun suit5849 : TV ; -fun suit5850 : N ; -fun suitable5851 : Adj1 ; -fun suite5852 : N ; -fun sum5853 : N ; -fun summer5854 : N ; -fun sun5855 : N ; -fun sunday5856 : N ; -fun sunshine5861 : N ; -fun super5863 : Adj1 ; -fun superficial5864 : Adj1 ; -fun superior5865 : Adj1 ; -fun supersede5866 : TV ; -fun supervisor5867 : N ; -fun supper5868 : N ; -fun supplement5869 : TV ; -fun supplement5870 : N ; -fun supplementary5871 : Adj1 ; -fun suppletion5872 : N ; -fun suppletive5873 : Adj1 ; -fun supply5874 : TV ; -fun supply5875 : V3 ; -fun supply5876 : V3 ; -fun supply5877 : N ; -fun support5878 : TV ; -fun support5879 : N ; -fun suppose5880 : TV ; -fun supposition5881 : N ; -fun suppress5882 : TV ; -fun sure5883 : AdjDeg ; -fun sure5884 : AdjDeg ; -fun sure5885 : AdjDeg ; -fun surface5886 : TV ; -fun surface5887 : N ; -fun surgeon5888 : N ; -fun surgery5889 : N ; -fun surgical5890 : Adj1 ; -fun surmount5891 : TV ; -fun surprise5892 : V ; -fun surprise5893 : V ; -fun surprise5894 : TV ; -fun surprise5895 : N ; -fun surround5896 : TV ; -fun survey5897 : TV ; -fun survey5898 : N ; -fun survive5899 : TV ; -fun susceptible5900 : Adj1 ; -fun suspect5901 : TV ; -fun suspect5902 : TV ; -fun suspect5903 : N ; -fun suspend5904 : TV ; -fun suspense5905 : N ; -fun suspicion5906 : N ; -fun suspicious5907 : Adj1 ; -fun sustain5908 : TV ; -fun sustenance5909 : N ; -fun swallow5910 : TV ; -fun swan5912 : N ; -fun swap5914 : V3 ; -fun swear5915 : TV ; -fun swede5916 : N ; -fun sweden5917 : N ; -fun swedish5918 : AdjDeg ; -fun sweep5919 : TV ; -fun sweet5920 : N ; -fun swell5921 : V ; -fun swift5925 : AdjDeg ; -fun swift5926 : N ; -fun swim5927 : V ; -fun swim5928 : N ; -fun swing5929 : V ; -fun swiss5930 : Adj1 ; -fun switch5931 : TV ; -fun switch5932 : N ; -fun switzerland5933 : N ; -fun sword5935 : N ; -fun syllabic5940 : Adj1 ; -fun syllable5941 : N ; -fun syllogism5942 : N ; -fun symbol5943 : N ; -fun symmetry5944 : N ; -fun sympathetic5945 : AdjDeg ; -fun sympathetic5946 : AdjDeg ; -fun sympathy5947 : N ; -fun symptom5948 : N ; -fun symptomatic5949 : Adj2 ; -fun symptomatic5950 : Adj2 ; -fun synchronous5951 : Adj1 ; -fun synonym5952 : N ; -fun synonymous5953 : AdjDeg ; -fun synonymous5954 : AdjDeg ; -fun synonymy5955 : N ; -fun synopsis5956 : N ; -fun synoptic5957 : Adj1 ; -fun syntactic5958 : Adj1 ; -fun syntax5959 : N ; -fun synthesis5961 : N ; -fun synthesize5962 : TV ; -fun synthetic5963 : Adj1 ; -fun system5964 : N ; -fun systematic5965 : Adj1 ; -fun systematically5966 : Adj1 ; -fun systematize5967 : TV ; -fun table5968 : N ; -fun tabular5969 : Adj1 ; -fun tabulate5970 : TV ; -fun tacit5971 : Adj1 ; -fun tack5972 : N ; -fun tackle5973 : TV ; -fun tact5974 : N ; -fun tactic5975 : N ; -fun tag5976 : TV ; -fun tag5977 : N ; -fun tail5978 : N ; -fun tailor5979 : N ; -fun take5980 : TV ; -fun tale5982 : N ; -fun talent5983 : N ; -fun talented5984 : Adj1 ; -fun talk5985 : TV ; -fun talk5986 : N ; -fun tall5987 : AdjDeg ; -fun tame5988 : AdjDeg ; -fun tangent5989 : N ; -fun tangle5990 : TV ; -fun tank5991 : N ; -fun tap5992 : TV ; -fun tap5993 : N ; -fun tape5994 : TV ; -fun tape5995 : N ; -fun target5996 : N ; -fun task5997 : N ; -fun taste5998 : TV ; -fun taste5999 : TV ; -fun taste6000 : N ; -fun tautology6003 : N ; -fun tax6004 : TV ; -fun tax6005 : N ; -fun taxi6006 : N ; -fun taxonomy6007 : N ; -fun tea6008 : N ; -fun teach6009 : TV ; -fun team6010 : N ; -fun tear6011 : TV ; -fun tear6012 : N ; -fun tease6013 : TV ; -fun technical6014 : Adj1 ; -fun technique6016 : N ; -fun technology6017 : N ; -fun tedious6018 : Adj1 ; -fun tedium6019 : N ; -fun teem6020 : TV ; -fun telegram6022 : N ; -fun telegraph6023 : TV ; -fun telegraph6024 : N ; -fun telephone6025 : TV ; -fun telephone6026 : N ; -fun telescope6027 : N ; -fun television6028 : N ; -fun tell6029 : V3 ; -fun temper6030 : V3 ; -fun temper6031 : N ; -fun temperature6032 : N ; -fun template6033 : N ; -fun temple6034 : N ; -fun temporal6035 : Adj1 ; -fun temporary6036 : Adj1 ; -fun tempt6037 : TV ; -fun ten6038 : AdjDeg ; -fun tend6039 : TV ; -fun tendency6040 : N ; -fun tender6041 : AdjDeg ; -fun tenet6042 : N ; -fun tennis6043 : N ; -fun tenon6044 : N ; -fun tenor6045 : N ; -fun tense6046 : AdjDeg ; -fun tense6047 : N ; -fun tensed6048 : Adj1 ; -fun tension6049 : N ; -fun tent6050 : N ; -fun tentative6051 : Adj1 ; -fun tenth6052 : AdjDeg ; -fun term6053 : V3 ; -fun term6054 : N ; -fun terminal6055 : Adj1 ; -fun terminal6056 : N ; -fun terminate6057 : TV ; -fun terminology6058 : N ; -fun terrace6059 : N ; -fun terrestrial6060 : Adj1 ; -fun terrible6061 : Adj1 ; -fun terrify6062 : TV ; -fun territory6063 : N ; -fun terror6064 : N ; -fun terse6065 : AdjDeg ; -fun test6066 : TV ; -fun test6067 : N ; -fun testimony6068 : N ; -fun text6069 : N ; -fun textbook6070 : N ; -fun thank6072 : TV ; -fun thanks6073 : N ; -fun that6077 : N ; -fun that6078 : N ; -fun theatre6080 : N ; -fun theatrical6081 : Adj1 ; -fun thematic6085 : Adj1 ; -fun thematically6086 : AdV ; -fun theme6087 : N ; -fun theorem6090 : N ; -fun theoretic6091 : Adj1 ; -fun theoretical6092 : Adj1 ; -fun theoretically6093 : AdV ; -fun theory6094 : N ; -fun therapeutic6095 : Adj1 ; -fun therapy6096 : N ; -fun there6097 : N ; -fun theses6102 : N ; -fun thesis6103 : N ; -fun thick6105 : AdjDeg ; -fun thief6106 : N ; -fun thigh6107 : N ; -fun thin6108 : AdjDeg ; -fun thing6109 : N ; -fun think6110 : TV ; -fun third6111 : AdjDeg ; -fun third6112 : N ; -fun thirst6113 : N ; -fun thirteen6114 : AdjDeg ; -fun thirteenth6115 : AdjDeg ; -fun thirtieth6116 : AdjDeg ; -fun thirty6117 : AdjDeg ; -fun thorough6120 : Adj1 ; -fun thought6125 : N ; -fun thousand6127 : N ; -fun thousandth6128 : AdjDeg ; -fun thread6129 : N ; -fun threat6130 : N ; -fun threaten6131 : V3 ; -fun three6132 : AdjDeg ; -fun threshold6133 : N ; -fun throat6135 : N ; -fun throw6138 : V3 ; -fun throw6139 : N ; -fun thrust6141 : V3 ; -fun thrust6142 : N ; -fun thumb6143 : N ; -fun thunder6144 : N ; -fun thursday6145 : N ; -fun ticket6147 : N ; -fun tidy6148 : TV ; -fun tidy6149 : AdjDeg ; -fun tie6150 : V3 ; -fun tie6151 : N ; -fun tiger6152 : N ; -fun tight6153 : AdjDeg ; -fun till6154 : TV ; -fun till6155 : N ; -fun time6157 : TV ; -fun time6158 : N ; -fun timely6159 : AdjDeg ; -fun timetable6160 : N ; -fun tin6161 : N ; -fun tinker6162 : TV ; -fun tinker6163 : N ; -fun tip6164 : N ; -fun tire6165 : TV ; -fun title6166 : N ; -fun to6167 : V ; -fun toad6170 : N ; -fun toast6171 : N ; -fun toast6172 : TV ; -fun tobacco6173 : N ; -fun toe6175 : N ; -fun token6178 : N ; -fun tolerance6181 : N ; -fun tolerate6182 : TV ; -fun toll6183 : TV ; -fun toll6184 : N ; -fun tomato6185 : N ; -fun tomb6186 : N ; -fun ton6188 : N ; -fun tone6189 : N ; -fun tongs6190 : N ; -fun tongue6191 : N ; -fun tonne6193 : N ; -fun tool6196 : N ; -fun tooth6197 : N ; -fun top6198 : N ; -fun topic6199 : N ; -fun topology6200 : N ; -fun torrent6203 : N ; -fun torrential6204 : Adj1 ; -fun toss6205 : TV ; -fun total6206 : Adj1 ; -fun total6207 : N ; -fun touch6208 : TV ; -fun touch6209 : N ; -fun tough6210 : AdjDeg ; -fun tough6211 : AdjDeg ; -fun tour6212 : TV ; -fun tour6213 : N ; -fun tourist6214 : N ; -fun tow6215 : TV ; -fun tower6217 : N ; -fun town6218 : N ; -fun toxic6219 : Adj1 ; -fun toy6220 : N ; -fun trace6221 : TV ; -fun trace6222 : N ; -fun track6223 : TV ; -fun track6224 : N ; -fun tract6225 : N ; -fun tractable6226 : Adj1 ; -fun trade6227 : N ; -fun tradition6228 : N ; -fun traffic6229 : N ; -fun traffic6230 : TV ; -fun tragedy6231 : N ; -fun tragic6232 : Adj1 ; -fun train6233 : TV ; -fun train6234 : N ; -fun tramp6235 : N ; -fun tranquil6236 : Adj1 ; -fun transaction6238 : N ; -fun transcendental6239 : Adj1 ; -fun transcribe6240 : TV ; -fun transcript6241 : N ; -fun transcription6242 : N ; -fun transfer6243 : V3 ; -fun transform6244 : TV ; -fun transience6245 : N ; -fun transient6246 : Adj1 ; -fun transistor6247 : N ; -fun transit6248 : N ; -fun transitive6249 : Adj1 ; -fun transitory6250 : Adj1 ; -fun translate6251 : V3 ; -fun transmit6252 : TV ; -fun transparency6253 : N ; -fun transparent6254 : Adj1 ; -fun transport6255 : TV ; -fun transport6256 : N ; -fun trap6257 : TV ; -fun trap6258 : N ; -fun travel6259 : TV ; -fun travel6260 : N ; -fun traverse6261 : TV ; -fun tray6262 : N ; -fun treat6263 : TV ; -fun treatment6264 : N ; -fun treble6265 : Adj1 ; -fun treble6266 : TV ; -fun tree6267 : N ; -fun tremble6268 : V ; -fun triangle6269 : N ; -fun triangular6270 : Adj1 ; -fun tribe6271 : N ; -fun trick6272 : TV ; -fun trick6273 : N ; -fun trifle6274 : TV ; -fun trifle6275 : N ; -fun trigger6276 : TV ; -fun trigger6277 : N ; -fun trip6278 : TV ; -fun trip6279 : N ; -fun triple6280 : Adj1 ; -fun triple6281 : TV ; -fun triple6282 : N ; -fun triple6283 : N ; -fun triumph6284 : TV ; -fun triumph6285 : N ; -fun trivial6286 : Adj1 ; -fun troops6287 : N ; -fun tropic6288 : N ; -fun trouble6289 : TV ; -fun trouble6290 : N ; -fun troublesome6291 : Adj1 ; -fun trousers6292 : N ; -fun truck6293 : N ; -fun true6294 : AdjDeg ; -fun truncate6295 : TV ; -fun trunk6296 : N ; -fun trust6297 : TV ; -fun trust6298 : N ; -fun truth6299 : N ; -fun try6300 : TV ; -fun try6301 : TV ; -fun tub6302 : N ; -fun tube6303 : N ; -fun tuck6304 : V3 ; -fun tuesday6305 : N ; -fun tuition6306 : N ; -fun tumble6307 : TV ; -fun tune6308 : TV ; -fun tune6309 : N ; -fun turn6310 : V3 ; -fun turn6311 : V3 ; -fun turn6312 : TV ; -fun turn6313 : N ; -fun turtle6314 : N ; -fun tutor6315 : N ; -fun twelfth6316 : AdjDeg ; -fun twelve6317 : AdjDeg ; -fun twentieth6318 : AdjDeg ; -fun twenty6319 : AdjDeg ; -fun twice6320 : AdV ; -fun twiddle6321 : TV ; -fun twin6322 : N ; -fun twist6323 : TV ; -fun twist6324 : N ; -fun two6325 : AdjDeg ; -fun type6326 : TV ; -fun type6327 : N ; -fun typical6328 : AdjDeg ; -fun typical6329 : AdjDeg ; -fun tyre6330 : N ; -fun ugly6331 : AdjDeg ; -fun ulcer6332 : N ; -fun ultimate6333 : Adj1 ; -fun ultimatum6334 : N ; -fun unary6337 : Adj1 ; -fun uncertainty6338 : N ; -fun uncle6339 : N ; -fun undergraduate6342 : N ; -fun underline6343 : TV ; -fun undermine6344 : TV ; -fun underneath6347 : N ; -fun underscore6348 : N ; -fun understand6349 : TV ; -fun undo6353 : TV ; -fun undoubtedly6355 : AdV ; -fun ungainly6356 : Adj1 ; -fun uniform6357 : Adj1 ; -fun uniform6358 : N ; -fun unify6359 : TV ; -fun union6360 : N ; -fun unique6361 : Adj1 ; -fun unit6362 : N ; -fun unitary6363 : Adj1 ; -fun unite6364 : TV ; -fun unity6365 : N ; -fun universe6366 : N ; -fun university6367 : N ; -fun unleash6368 : TV ; -fun unplug6369 : TV ; -fun unprecedented6370 : Adj1 ; -fun unusual6373 : Adj1 ; -fun unwieldy6374 : AdjDeg ; -fun unwitting6375 : Adj1 ; -fun upper6381 : Adj1 ; -fun upright6382 : Adj1 ; -fun upset6383 : TV ; -fun upset6384 : TV ; -fun upset6385 : TV ; -fun urge6388 : TV ; -fun urge6389 : N ; -fun urgency6390 : N ; -fun urgent6391 : AdjDeg ; -fun us6392 : N ; -fun usage6393 : N ; -fun use6394 : TV ; -fun use6395 : N ; -fun used6396 : AdjDeg ; -fun usual6397 : Adj1 ; -fun utility6398 : N ; -fun utilize6399 : TV ; -fun utter6400 : Adj1 ; -fun utter6401 : TV ; -fun utterance6402 : N ; -fun vacuous6403 : Adj1 ; -fun vacuum6404 : N ; -fun vague6405 : AdjDeg ; -fun valence6406 : N ; -fun valency6407 : N ; -fun valid6408 : Adj1 ; -fun validate6409 : TV ; -fun valley6410 : N ; -fun valuable6411 : Adj1 ; -fun value6412 : TV ; -fun value6413 : N ; -fun van6414 : N ; -fun vanilla6415 : N ; -fun vanish6416 : TV ; -fun variable6417 : Adj1 ; -fun variable6418 : N ; -fun variant6419 : N ; -fun variation6420 : N ; -fun variety6421 : N ; -fun various6422 : Adj1 ; -fun varnish6423 : TV ; -fun varnish6424 : N ; -fun vary6425 : V ; -fun vase6426 : N ; -fun vast6427 : AdjDeg ; -fun vector6428 : N ; -fun vegetable6429 : N ; -fun vegetation6430 : N ; -fun vehicle6431 : N ; -fun velocity6432 : N ; -fun verb6433 : N ; -fun verbose6434 : AdjDeg ; -fun verdict6435 : N ; -fun verify6436 : TV ; -fun versatile6437 : Adj1 ; -fun verse6438 : N ; -fun version6439 : N ; -fun vertex6440 : N ; -fun vertical6441 : Adj1 ; -fun vessel6444 : N ; -fun vet6445 : N ; -fun viable6446 : Adj1 ; -fun vice6448 : N ; -fun victim6449 : N ; -fun victor6450 : N ; -fun victory6451 : N ; -fun vie6452 : TV ; -fun view6453 : TV ; -fun view6454 : N ; -fun vigorous6455 : Adj1 ; -fun village6456 : N ; -fun vindicate6457 : TV ; -fun vine6458 : N ; -fun vineyard6459 : N ; -fun violate6460 : TV ; -fun violence6461 : N ; -fun violent6462 : Adj1 ; -fun viral6463 : Adj1 ; -fun virtual6464 : Adj1 ; -fun virtue6465 : N ; -fun virus6466 : N ; -fun visible6467 : AdjDeg ; -fun visible6468 : AdjDeg ; -fun vision6469 : N ; -fun visit6470 : TV ; -fun visit6471 : N ; -fun visual6472 : Adj1 ; -fun vital6473 : Adj1 ; -fun vitiate6474 : TV ; -fun vocabulary6475 : N ; -fun voice6476 : N ; -fun volatile6477 : Adj1 ; -fun vole6478 : N ; -fun volt6479 : N ; -fun volume6480 : N ; -fun voluntary6481 : Adj1 ; -fun volunteer6482 : TV ; -fun volunteer6483 : TV ; -fun volunteer6484 : N ; -fun vote6485 : TV ; -fun vote6486 : N ; -fun vow6487 : TV ; -fun vow6488 : TV ; -fun vow6489 : N ; -fun vowel6490 : N ; -fun voyage6491 : N ; -fun vulgar6492 : Adj1 ; -fun wag6493 : TV ; -fun wages6494 : N ; -fun waist6495 : N ; -fun waistcoat6496 : N ; -fun wait6497 : TV ; -fun wait6498 : N ; -fun wake6499 : TV ; -fun walk6500 : TV ; -fun walk6501 : N ; -fun wall6502 : N ; -fun wan6503 : AdjDeg ; -fun wander6504 : TV ; -fun want6505 : TV ; -fun want6506 : TV ; -fun war6507 : N ; -fun ward6509 : N ; -fun warm6510 : TV ; -fun warm6511 : AdjDeg ; -fun warn6512 : TV ; -fun warning6513 : N ; -fun wash6517 : V ; -fun waste6521 : Adj1 ; -fun waste6522 : TV ; -fun waste6523 : N ; -fun watch6524 : TV ; -fun watch6525 : N ; -fun water6526 : N ; -fun wave6527 : TV ; -fun wave6528 : N ; -fun wax6529 : N ; -fun way6530 : N ; -fun we6531 : N ; -fun weak6532 : AdjDeg ; -fun wealth6533 : N ; -fun weapon6534 : N ; -fun wear6535 : TV ; -fun weather6536 : N ; -fun weave6537 : TV ; -fun wedding6538 : N ; -fun wedge6539 : N ; -fun wednesday6540 : N ; -fun weed6541 : N ; -fun week6542 : N ; -fun weep6543 : V ; -fun weigh6544 : TV ; -fun weigh6545 : TV ; -fun weight6546 : N ; -fun welcome6547 : Adj1 ; -fun welcome6548 : V3 ; -fun welcome6549 : N ; -fun welfare6550 : N ; -fun well6551 : AdV ; -fun well6552 : Adj1 ; -fun well6553 : N ; -fun west6562 : N ; -fun west6563 : AdjDeg ; -fun west6564 : AdjDeg ; -fun western6565 : Adj1 ; -fun wet6566 : AdjDeg ; -fun wheat6571 : N ; -fun wheel6572 : N ; -fun wheeled6573 : Adj1 ; -fun whelk6574 : N ; -fun whim6589 : N ; -fun whine6590 : TV ; -fun whine6591 : N ; -fun whisky6593 : N ; -fun whisper6594 : N ; -fun whisper6595 : TV ; -fun whisper6596 : TV ; -fun whistle6597 : V ; -fun white6598 : AdjDeg ; -fun whole6602 : Adj1 ; -fun whole6603 : AdjDeg ; -fun wholly6604 : AdV ; -fun wicked6612 : Adj1 ; -fun wide6613 : AdjDeg ; -fun widow6614 : N ; -fun width6615 : N ; -fun wife6616 : N ; -fun wild6617 : AdjDeg ; -fun will6618 : V ; -fun will6619 : N ; -fun willing6620 : Adj2 ; -fun willing6621 : Adj2 ; -fun win6622 : TV ; -fun wind6623 : TV ; -fun wind6624 : TV ; -fun wind6625 : N ; -fun window6626 : N ; -fun wine6627 : N ; -fun wing6628 : N ; -fun winter6629 : N ; -fun wire6630 : N ; -fun wisdom6631 : N ; -fun wise6633 : AdjDeg ; -fun wish6634 : TV ; -fun wish6635 : TV ; -fun wish6636 : N ; -fun witch6637 : N ; -fun witheld6641 : V ; -fun withold6644 : TV ; -fun withstand6646 : TV ; -fun witness6649 : TV ; -fun witness6650 : N ; -fun woman6654 : N ; -fun wonder6658 : TV ; -fun wonder6659 : N ; -fun wood6661 : N ; -fun wooden6662 : Adj1 ; -fun wool6663 : N ; -fun word6664 : N ; -fun work6667 : N ; -fun work6668 : V ; -fun world6669 : N ; -fun worm6670 : N ; -fun worry6672 : V ; -fun worry6673 : V ; -fun worry6674 : TV ; -fun worry6675 : TV ; -fun worry6676 : N ; -fun worship6678 : TV ; -fun worthless6681 : Adj1 ; -fun worthwhile6682 : Adj1 ; -fun worthy6683 : AdjDeg ; -fun worthy6684 : AdjDeg ; -fun would6685 : V ; -fun wound6689 : TV ; -fun wound6692 : N ; -fun wrap6695 : TV ; -fun wreck6696 : TV ; -fun wreck6697 : N ; -fun wrinkle6698 : N ; -fun wrist6699 : N ; -fun write6700 : TV ; -fun wrong6702 : Adj1 ; -fun wry6704 : AdjDeg ; -fun yard6706 : N ; -fun year6707 : N ; -fun yellow6708 : N ; -fun yellow6709 : AdjDeg ; -fun yet6711 : AdV ; -fun yield6712 : TV ; -fun yield6713 : N ; -fun you6714 : N ; -fun young6715 : AdjDeg ; -fun youth6720 : N ; -fun zero6721 : AdjDeg ; -fun zinc6722 : N ; -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLexEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLexEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 62d6e9a8d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResLexEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5977 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete ResLexEng of ResLex = StructuralEng ** open ParadigmsEng in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=textlit ; parser=chart ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - --- adapted from a word list by Alan Black. Not to be used for military purposes. - -lin abandon24 = verb2 "abandon" "" ; -lin abbreviate25 = vGen "abbreviate" ; -lin abduct26 = verb2 "abduct" "" ; -lin able28 = aGen "able" ; -lin able29 = aGen "able" ; -lin abolish30 = verb2 "abolish" "" ; -lin abolition31 = noun "abolition" ; -lin abound32 = verb2 "abound" "" ; -lin absence39 = noun "absence" ; -lin absent40 = aGen "absent" ; -lin absent41 = aGen "absent" ; -lin absentee42 = noun "absentee" ; -lin absolute43 = mkAdj1 "absolute" ; -lin absolve44 = verb3 "absolve" "" "from" ; -lin abstract45 = noun "abstract" ; -lin abstract46 = mkAdj1 "abstract" ; -lin abstract47 = vGen "abstract" ; -lin abundance48 = noun "abundance" ; -lin abundant49 = mkAdj1 "abundant" ; -lin academic50 = mkAdj1 "academic" ; -lin accelerate51 = verb2 "accelerate" "" ; -lin accept52 = verb2 "accept" "" ; -lin access53 = verb2 "access" "" ; -lin access54 = noun "access" ; -lin accessible55 = mkAdj2 "accessible" "" ; -lin accessible56 = mkAdj2 "accessible" "to" ; -lin accident57 = noun "accident" ; -lin accommodate58 = verb2 "accommodate" "" ; -lin accompany59 = verb2 "accompany" "" ; -lin accomplish60 = verb2 "accomplish" "" ; -lin accord61 = verb2 "accord" "with" ; -lin accordingly62 = mkAdv "accordingly" ; -lin account63 = noun "account" ; -lin account64 = verb2 "account" "for" ; -lin accumulate65 = verb2 "accumulate" "" ; -lin accuracy66 = noun "accuracy" ; -lin accurate67 = mkAdj1 "accurate" ; -lin accuse68 = verb3 "accuse" "" "of" ; -lin ache69 = noun "ache" ; -lin ache70 = verb2 "ache" "" ; -lin achieve71 = verb2 "achieve" "" ; -lin acknowledge72 = verb2 "acknowledge" "" ; -lin acknowledge73 = verb2 "acknowledge" "" ; -lin acquire74 = verb2 "acquire" "" ; -lin acquisition75 = noun "acquisition" ; -lin acquisitive76 = mkAdj1 "acquisitive" ; -lin act78 = noun "act" ; -lin act79 = vGen "act" ; -lin activate80 = vGen "activate" ; -lin actor81 = noun "actor" ; -lin actress82 = noun "actress" ; -lin actual83 = mkAdj1 "actual" ; -lin acute84 = mkAdj1 "acute" ; -lin adage85 = noun "adage" ; -lin adapt86 = verb2 "adapt" "" ; -lin add87 = verb3 "add" "" "to" ; -lin addict88 = noun "addict" ; -lin addict89 = verb2 "addict" "" ; -lin addition90 = noun "addition" ; -lin additive91 = noun "additive" ; -lin address92 = noun "address" ; -lin address93 = verb2 "address" "" ; -lin adept94 = aGen "adept" ; -lin adept95 = aGen "adept" ; -lin adequacy96 = noun "adequacy" ; -lin adequate97 = mkAdj2 "adequate" "" ; -lin adequate98 = mkAdj2 "adequate" "for" ; -lin adhere99 = verb2 "adhere" "to" ; -lin adherent100 = noun "adherent" ; -lin adhesive101 = noun "adhesive" ; -lin adhesive102 = mkAdj1 "adhesive" ; -lin adjacency103 = noun "adjacency" ; -lin adjacent104 = aGen "adjacent" ; -lin adjacent105 = aGen "adjacent" ; -lin adjective106 = noun "adjective" ; -lin adjoin107 = verb2 "adjoin" "" ; -lin adjunct108 = noun "adjunct" ; -lin adjust109 = verb2 "adjust" "" ; -lin administer110 = verb2 "administer" "" ; -lin administration111 = noun "administration" ; -lin admire112 = verb2 "admire" "" ; -lin admissible113 = mkAdj1 "admissible" ; -lin admission114 = noun "admission" ; -lin admission115 = noun "admission" ; -lin admit116 = verb2 "admit" "" ; -lin admit117 = verb3 "admit" "" "to" ; -lin admit118 = verb2 "admit" "" ; -lin admit119 = verb2 "admit" "of" ; -lin admit120 = verb2 "admit" "" ; -lin adopt121 = vGen "adopt" ; -lin adult122 = noun "adult" ; -lin adult123 = mkAdj1 "adult" ; -lin advance124 = noun "advance" ; -lin advance125 = verb2 "advance" "" ; -lin advantage126 = noun "advantage" ; -lin advent127 = noun "advent" ; -lin adventure128 = noun "adventure" ; -lin adverb129 = noun "adverb" ; -lin adverbial130 = mkAdj1 "adverbial" ; -lin adverse131 = mkAdj1 "adverse" ; -lin advertise132 = verb2 "advertise" "" ; -lin advice133 = noun "advice" ; -lin advise134 = verb2 "advise" "" ; -lin advisor135 = noun "advisor" ; -lin advocate136 = verb2 "advocate" "" ; -lin aerobic137 = mkAdj1 "aerobic" ; -lin aesthetic138 = mkAdj1 "aesthetic" ; -lin affair139 = noun "affair" ; -lin affect140 = verb2 "affect" "" ; -lin affection141 = noun "affection" ; -lin affix142 = noun "affix" ; -lin affix143 = verb3 "affix" "" "with" ; -lin afflict144 = verb2 "afflict" "" ; -lin afford145 = verb2 "afford" "" ; -lin afford146 = verb2 "afford" "" ; -lin afraid147 = aGen "afraid" ; -lin afraid148 = aGen "afraid" ; -lin afraid149 = aGen "afraid" ; -lin africa151 = noun "africa" ; -lin african152 = mkAdj1 "african" ; -lin african153 = noun "african" ; -lin afternoon157 = noun "afternoon" ; -lin afterthought158 = noun "afterthought" ; -lin age163 = noun "age" ; -lin aged164 = aGen "aged" ; -lin agency165 = noun "agency" ; -lin agenda166 = noun "agenda" ; -lin agent167 = noun "agent" ; -lin aggravate168 = verb2 "aggravate" "" ; -lin aggressive169 = mkAdj1 "aggressive" ; -lin ago170 = mkAdv "ago" ; -lin agree171 = verb2 "agree" "with" ; -lin aid173 = noun "aid" ; -lin aid174 = verb2 "aid" "" ; -lin aide175 = noun "aide" ; -lin aim176 = noun "aim" ; -lin aim177 = verb2 "aim" "at" ; -lin aim178 = verb2 "aim" "to" ; -lin air179 = noun "air" ; -lin aircraft180 = noun "aircraft" ; -lin aircraft181 = noun "aircraft" ; -lin akin182 = mkAdj2 "akin" "" ; -lin akin183 = mkAdj2 "akin" "to" ; -lin alcohol187 = noun "alcohol" ; -lin alcoholic188 = mkAdj1 "alcoholic" ; -lin alcoholic189 = noun "alcoholic" ; -lin algebra190 = noun "algebra" ; -lin algorithm191 = noun "algorithm" ; -lin alias192 = noun "alias" ; -lin align193 = verb2 "align" "" ; -lin alike194 = aGen "alike" ; -lin alive195 = aGen "alive" ; -lin all196 = mkAdv "all" ; -lin all197 = noun "all" ; -lin all198 = aGen "all" ; -lin all199 = aGen "all" ; -lin all200 = aGen "all" ; -lin allege201 = verb2 "allege" "" ; -lin alley202 = noun "alley" ; -lin allocate203 = vGen "allocate" ; -lin allow204 = verb2 "allow" "" ; -lin allow205 = verb2 "allow" "" ; -lin allow206 = verb2 "allow" "for" ; -lin allow207 = verb2 "allow" "of" ; -lin allude208 = verb2 "allude" "to" ; -lin ally209 = noun "ally" ; -lin ally210 = verb2 "ally" "with" ; -lin almost211 = mkAdv "almost" ; -lin alone213 = aGen "alone" ; -lin alphabet216 = noun "alphabet" ; -lin alphabetic217 = mkAdj1 "alphabetic" ; -lin alphanumeric218 = mkAdj1 "alphanumeric" ; -lin already219 = mkAdv "already" ; -lin also220 = mkAdv "also" ; -lin altar221 = noun "altar" ; -lin alter222 = verb2 "alter" "" ; -lin alternate223 = verb2 "alternate" "with" ; -lin alternative224 = noun "alternative" ; -lin alternatively225 = mkAdj1 "alternatively" ; -lin always227 = mkAdv "always" ; -lin amaze229 = verb2 "amaze" "" ; -lin amazing230 = mkAdj1 "amazing" ; -lin ambiguity231 = noun "ambiguity" ; -lin ambiguous232 = mkAdj1 "ambiguous" ; -lin ambition233 = noun "ambition" ; -lin ambitious234 = mkAdj1 "ambitious" ; -lin amenable235 = mkAdj2 "amenable" "" ; -lin amenable236 = mkAdj2 "amenable" "to" ; -lin amend237 = verb2 "amend" "" ; -lin amenity238 = noun "amenity" ; -lin america239 = noun "america" ; -lin american240 = mkAdj1 "american" ; -lin american241 = noun "american" ; -lin amount244 = noun "amount" ; -lin ampere245 = noun "ampere" ; -lin ampersand246 = noun "ampersand" ; -lin amuse247 = verb2 "amuse" "" ; -lin anachronism251 = noun "anachronism" ; -lin anachronistic252 = mkAdj1 "anachronistic" ; -lin analogous253 = mkAdj2 "analogous" "" ; -lin analogous254 = mkAdj2 "analogous" "to" ; -lin analogue255 = noun "analogue" ; -lin analogy256 = noun "analogy" ; -lin analyse257 = verb2 "analyse" "" ; -lin analysis259 = noun "analysis" ; -lin analytic260 = mkAdj1 "analytic" ; -lin anaphor261 = noun "anaphor" ; -lin anaphora262 = noun "anaphora" ; -lin anaphoric263 = mkAdj1 "anaphoric" ; -lin ancestor265 = noun "ancestor" ; -lin ancient266 = mkAdj1 "ancient" ; -lin anecdote268 = noun "anecdote" ; -lin anger269 = noun "anger" ; -lin angle270 = noun "angle" ; -lin angled271 = mkAdj1 "angled" ; -lin angler272 = noun "angler" ; -lin angling273 = noun "angling" ; -lin angry274 = aGen "angry" ; -lin angry275 = aGen "angry" ; -lin angry276 = aGen "angry" ; -lin angry277 = aGen "angry" ; -lin angry278 = aGen "angry" ; -lin animal279 = noun "animal" ; -lin animate280 = mkAdj1 "animate" ; -lin animate281 = verb2 "animate" "" ; -lin ankle282 = noun "ankle" ; -lin annotate283 = verb2 "annotate" "" ; -lin announce284 = verb2 "announce" "" ; -lin announce285 = verb2 "announce" "" ; -lin annoy286 = verb2 "annoy" "" ; -lin annual287 = mkAdj1 "annual" ; -lin anomalous288 = mkAdj1 "anomalous" ; -lin anomaly289 = noun "anomaly" ; -lin another290 = aGen "another" ; -lin answer291 = noun "answer" ; -lin answer292 = verb2 "answer" "" ; -lin ant293 = noun "ant" ; -lin antecedent294 = noun "antecedent" ; -lin anthropomorphic295 = mkAdj1 "anthropomorphic" ; -lin anthropomorphism296 = noun "anthropomorphism" ; -lin antibiotic298 = noun "antibiotic" ; -lin anticipate299 = verb2 "anticipate" "" ; -lin anticipate300 = verb2 "anticipate" "" ; -lin anticipate301 = verb2 "anticipate" "" ; -lin anxiety302 = noun "anxiety" ; -lin anxious303 = mkAdj2 "anxious" "" ; -lin anxious304 = mkAdj2 "anxious" "about" ; -lin anxious305 = mkAdj2 "anxious" "" ; -lin any306 = aGen "any" ; -lin anyway311 = mkAdv "anyway" ; -lin ape314 = noun "ape" ; -lin apologetic315 = aGen "apologetic" ; -lin apologetic316 = aGen "apologetic" ; -lin apologise317 = verb2 "apologise" "for" ; -lin apologize318 = verb2 "apologize" "for" ; -lin appal319 = verb2 "appal" "" ; -lin apparatus320 = noun "apparatus" ; -lin apparent321 = aGen "apparent" ; -lin apparent322 = aGen "apparent" ; -lin apparition323 = noun "apparition" ; -lin appeal324 = verb2 "appeal" "to" ; -lin appeal325 = noun "appeal" ; -lin appear326 = verb2 "appear" "" ; -lin appear327 = verb3 "appear" "" "" ; -lin appear328 = verb2 "appear" "" ; -lin appear329 = verb2 "appear" "" ; -lin append330 = verb3 "append" "" "to" ; -lin appendices331 = noun "appendices" ; -lin appendix332 = noun "appendix" ; -lin apple333 = noun "apple" ; -lin applicable334 = aGen "applicable" ; -lin applicable335 = aGen "applicable" ; -lin applicant336 = noun "applicant" ; -lin apply337 = verb3 "apply" "" "to" ; -lin apply338 = verb2 "apply" "for" ; -lin appoint339 = verb2 "appoint" "" ; -lin appoint340 = verb2 "appoint" "" ; -lin appoint341 = verb2 "appoint" "" ; -lin appointment342 = noun "appointment" ; -lin apposite343 = mkAdj1 "apposite" ; -lin appraise344 = verb2 "appraise" "" ; -lin appreciate345 = vGen "appreciate" ; -lin apprehend346 = verb2 "apprehend" "" ; -lin apprehension347 = noun "apprehension" ; -lin apprehensive348 = mkAdj1 "apprehensive" ; -lin approach349 = verb2 "approach" "" ; -lin approach350 = noun "approach" ; -lin approbation351 = noun "approbation" ; -lin appropriate352 = aGen "appropriate" ; -lin appropriate353 = aGen "appropriate" ; -lin approve354 = verb2 "approve" "of" ; -lin approximate355 = mkAdj1 "approximate" ; -lin approximate356 = verb2 "approximate" "to" ; -lin april357 = noun "april" ; -lin apse358 = noun "apse" ; -lin apt359 = aGen "apt" ; -lin apt360 = aGen "apt" ; -lin aptitude361 = noun "aptitude" ; -lin arabian362 = mkAdj1 "arabian" ; -lin arabic363 = mkAdj1 "arabic" ; -lin arbitrary364 = mkAdj1 "arbitrary" ; -lin arc365 = noun "arc" ; -lin arch367 = noun "arch" ; -lin archetype368 = noun "archetype" ; -lin architect369 = noun "architect" ; -lin architecture370 = noun "architecture" ; -lin area373 = noun "area" ; -lin arena374 = noun "arena" ; -lin argue378 = verb2 "argue" "" ; -lin argument379 = noun "argument" ; -lin argument380 = noun "argument" ; -lin arise381 = vGen "arise" ; -lin arithmetic383 = noun "arithmetic" ; -lin arm384 = noun "arm" ; -lin arm385 = verb2 "arm" "" ; -lin armour386 = noun "armour" ; -lin armoury387 = noun "armoury" ; -lin arms388 = noun "arms" ; -lin army389 = noun "army" ; -lin arouse392 = verb2 "arouse" "" ; -lin arrange393 = vGen "arrange" ; -lin arrange394 = verb2 "arrange" "" ; -lin arrange395 = verb2 "arrange" "" ; -lin arrange396 = verb2 "arrange" "" ; -lin array397 = noun "array" ; -lin arrest398 = verb2 "arrest" "" ; -lin arrive399 = vGen "arrive" ; -lin arrive400 = verb2 "arrive" "at" ; -lin arrow401 = noun "arrow" ; -lin art402 = noun "art" ; -lin artefact403 = noun "artefact" ; -lin article404 = noun "article" ; -lin articulate405 = vGen "articulate" ; -lin artificial406 = mkAdj1 "artificial" ; -lin artist407 = noun "artist" ; -lin ascend412 = verb2 "ascend" "" ; -lin ascend413 = verb2 "ascend" "" ; -lin ascent414 = noun "ascent" ; -lin ascertain415 = verb2 "ascertain" "" ; -lin ascribe416 = verb3 "ascribe" "" "to" ; -lin ash417 = noun "ash" ; -lin ashamed418 = aGen "ashamed" ; -lin ashamed419 = aGen "ashamed" ; -lin asia420 = noun "asia" ; -lin ask421 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask422 = verb3 "ask" "" "for" ; -lin ask423 = verb3 "ask" "" "to" ; -lin ask424 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask425 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask426 = verb2 "ask" "for" ; -lin ask427 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask428 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask429 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin ask430 = verb2 "ask" "" ; -lin asleep431 = aGen "asleep" ; -lin aspect432 = noun "aspect" ; -lin aspire433 = verb2 "aspire" "to" ; -lin aspire434 = verb2 "aspire" "" ; -lin aspirin435 = noun "aspirin" ; -lin ass436 = noun "ass" ; -lin assault437 = noun "assault" ; -lin assault438 = verb2 "assault" "" ; -lin assemble439 = verb2 "assemble" "" ; -lin assembly440 = noun "assembly" ; -lin assent441 = verb2 "assent" "to" ; -lin assert442 = verb2 "assert" "" ; -lin assess443 = verb2 "assess" "" ; -lin assign444 = verb3 "assign" "" "to" ; -lin assimilate445 = verb2 "assimilate" "" ; -lin assist446 = verb2 "assist" "" ; -lin assist447 = verb2 "assist" "" ; -lin assist448 = verb2 "assist" "" ; -lin assist449 = verb2 "assist" "at" ; -lin assistant450 = noun "assistant" ; -lin associate451 = verb3 "associate" "" "with" ; -lin association452 = noun "association" ; -lin assume453 = verb2 "assume" "" ; -lin assume454 = verb2 "assume" "" ; -lin assumption455 = noun "assumption" ; -lin assure456 = verb2 "assure" "" ; -lin asterisk457 = noun "asterisk" ; -lin asthma458 = noun "asthma" ; -lin asthmatic459 = mkAdj1 "asthmatic" ; -lin asthmatically460 = mkAdv "asthmatically" ; -lin astonish461 = verb2 "astonish" "" ; -lin astray462 = aGen "astray" ; -lin astronomer463 = noun "astronomer" ; -lin astronomy464 = noun "astronomy" ; -lin asymmetry465 = noun "asymmetry" ; -lin atlas471 = noun "atlas" ; -lin atmosphere472 = noun "atmosphere" ; -lin atom473 = noun "atom" ; -lin attach476 = verb2 "attach" "" ; -lin attach477 = verb3 "attach" "" "to" ; -lin attach478 = verb2 "attach" "to" ; -lin attack479 = verb2 "attack" "" ; -lin attack480 = noun "attack" ; -lin attain481 = verb2 "attain" "" ; -lin attempt482 = noun "attempt" ; -lin attempt483 = verb2 "attempt" "" ; -lin attend484 = verb2 "attend" "to" ; -lin attention485 = noun "attention" ; -lin attentive486 = aGen "attentive" ; -lin attentive487 = aGen "attentive" ; -lin attitude488 = noun "attitude" ; -lin attract489 = vGen "attract" ; -lin attribute490 = noun "attribute" ; -lin attribute491 = verb3 "attribute" "" "to" ; -lin audible492 = mkAdj2 "audible" "" ; -lin audience493 = noun "audience" ; -lin augment494 = verb2 "augment" "" ; -lin august495 = noun "august" ; -lin aunt496 = noun "aunt" ; -lin australia497 = noun "australia" ; -lin australian498 = mkAdj1 "australian" ; -lin austria499 = noun "austria" ; -lin author500 = noun "author" ; -lin authority501 = noun "authority" ; -lin authorize502 = verb2 "authorize" "" ; -lin automate504 = vGen "automate" ; -lin automatic505 = mkAdj1 "automatic" ; -lin automatically506 = mkAdv "automatically" ; -lin automaton507 = noun "automaton" ; -lin autonomous508 = mkAdj1 "autonomous" ; -lin autonomy509 = noun "autonomy" ; -lin autumn510 = noun "autumn" ; -lin auxiliary511 = mkAdj1 "auxiliary" ; -lin auxiliary512 = noun "auxiliary" ; -lin avail513 = verb2 "avail" "" ; -lin available514 = mkAdj1 "available" ; -lin avenue515 = noun "avenue" ; -lin average516 = mkAdj1 "average" ; -lin average517 = noun "average" ; -lin average518 = verb2 "average" "" ; -lin avoid519 = verb2 "avoid" "" ; -lin avoid520 = verb2 "avoid" "" ; -lin avowed521 = mkAdj1 "avowed" ; -lin await522 = verb2 "await" "" ; -lin awake523 = aGen "awake" ; -lin awaken524 = verb2 "awaken" "" ; -lin award525 = vGen "award" ; -lin aware526 = aGen "aware" ; -lin aware527 = aGen "aware" ; -lin awful529 = mkAdj1 "awful" ; -lin awkward530 = aGen "awkward" ; -lin axe531 = noun "axe" ; -lin axiom533 = noun "axiom" ; -lin axiomatic534 = mkAdj1 "axiomatic" ; -lin axiomatize535 = verb2 "axiomatize" "" ; -lin axis536 = noun "axis" ; -lin baby537 = noun "baby" ; -lin back538 = noun "back" ; -lin background539 = noun "background" ; -lin backing540 = noun "backing" ; -lin backtrack541 = verb2 "backtrack" "" ; -lin backward542 = mkAdj1 "backward" ; -lin bacterial545 = mkAdj1 "bacterial" ; -lin bacterium546 = noun "bacterium" ; -lin bad547 = mkAdj1 "bad" ; -lin bag548 = noun "bag" ; -lin bake549 = verb2 "bake" "" ; -lin bake550 = verb2 "bake" "" ; -lin balance551 = vGen "balance" ; -lin ball552 = noun "ball" ; -lin ballad553 = noun "ballad" ; -lin banal554 = mkAdj1 "banal" ; -lin banana555 = noun "banana" ; -lin band556 = noun "band" ; -lin bang557 = noun "bang" ; -lin banish558 = verb2 "banish" "" ; -lin bank559 = noun "bank" ; -lin bar560 = noun "bar" ; -lin bar561 = verb2 "bar" "" ; -lin bare562 = aGen "bare" ; -lin bare563 = verb2 "bare" "" ; -lin bark564 = noun "bark" ; -lin bark565 = vGen "bark" ; -lin barn566 = noun "barn" ; -lin baron567 = noun "baron" ; -lin barrel568 = noun "barrel" ; -lin base569 = noun "base" ; -lin base570 = verb3 "base" "" "loc" ; -lin basic572 = mkAdj1 "basic" ; -lin basically573 = mkAdv "basically" ; -lin basin574 = noun "basin" ; -lin basis575 = noun "basis" ; -lin basis576 = noun "basis" ; -lin basis577 = noun "basis" ; -lin basket578 = noun "basket" ; -lin bat579 = noun "bat" ; -lin batch580 = noun "batch" ; -lin bath581 = noun "bath" ; -lin bathe582 = vGen "bathe" ; -lin batsman583 = noun "batsman" ; -lin battle585 = noun "battle" ; -lin be586 = vGen "be" ; -lin beach587 = noun "beach" ; -lin beak588 = noun "beak" ; -lin beam589 = noun "beam" ; -lin bean590 = noun "bean" ; -lin bear591 = noun "bear" ; -lin bear592 = verb2 "bear" "" ; -lin beard593 = noun "beard" ; -lin beast594 = noun "beast" ; -lin beat595 = verb2 "beat" "" ; -lin beat596 = verb2 "beat" "" ; -lin beauty598 = noun "beauty" ; -lin become602 = verb2 "become" "" ; -lin become603 = verb2 "become" "" ; -lin bed604 = noun "bed" ; -lin bee605 = noun "bee" ; -lin beer607 = noun "beer" ; -lin beg611 = verb2 "beg" "" ; -lin begin613 = verb2 "begin" "" ; -lin beginning614 = noun "beginning" ; -lin behalf616 = noun "behalf" ; -lin behave617 = vGen "behave" ; -lin behaviour618 = noun "behaviour" ; -lin being621 = noun "being" ; -lin belief622 = noun "belief" ; -lin belief623 = noun "belief" ; -lin belief624 = noun "belief" ; -lin believe625 = verb2 "believe" "" ; -lin believe626 = verb2 "believe" "in" ; -lin believe627 = verb2 "believe" "" ; -lin believe628 = verb2 "believe" "" ; -lin believe629 = verb2 "believe" "" ; -lin bell630 = noun "bell" ; -lin belong631 = verb2 "belong" "" ; -lin beloved632 = aGen "beloved" ; -lin beloved633 = aGen "beloved" ; -lin belt635 = noun "belt" ; -lin bench636 = noun "bench" ; -lin bend637 = vGen "bend" ; -lin beneficial639 = aGen "beneficial" ; -lin beneficial640 = aGen "beneficial" ; -lin benefit641 = noun "benefit" ; -lin berry644 = noun "berry" ; -lin bet648 = noun "bet" ; -lin betray649 = verb2 "betray" "" ; -lin bias655 = verb2 "bias" "" ; -lin bible656 = noun "bible" ; -lin biblical657 = aGen "biblical" ; -lin bibliography658 = noun "bibliography" ; -lin biconditional659 = vGen "biconditional" ; -lin bicycle660 = noun "bicycle" ; -lin bidirectional661 = mkAdj1 "bidirectional" ; -lin big662 = aGen "big" ; -lin bike663 = noun "bike" ; -lin bill664 = noun "bill" ; -lin bill665 = noun "bill" ; -lin billion666 = noun "billion" ; -lin bin667 = noun "bin" ; -lin binary668 = mkAdj1 "binary" ; -lin bind669 = verb2 "bind" "" ; -lin binding670 = noun "binding" ; -lin bird671 = noun "bird" ; -lin birth672 = noun "birth" ; -lin birthday673 = noun "birthday" ; -lin bisect674 = vGen "bisect" ; -lin bisector675 = noun "bisector" ; -lin bit676 = noun "bit" ; -lin bite678 = verb2 "bite" "" ; -lin bitter680 = mkAdj1 "bitter" ; -lin bizarre682 = mkAdj1 "bizarre" ; -lin black683 = aGen "black" ; -lin blackboard684 = noun "blackboard" ; -lin blade685 = noun "blade" ; -lin blame686 = verb3 "blame" "" "for" ; -lin blame687 = noun "blame" ; -lin blame688 = noun "blame" ; -lin blank689 = aGen "blank" ; -lin blank690 = noun "blank" ; -lin bleed693 = vGen "bleed" ; -lin blind695 = aGen "blind" ; -lin blind696 = verb2 "blind" "" ; -lin block697 = noun "block" ; -lin block698 = verb2 "block" "" ; -lin blood699 = noun "blood" ; -lin blow700 = noun "blow" ; -lin blow701 = vGen "blow" ; -lin blue703 = aGen "blue" ; -lin bluff704 = verb2 "bluff" "" ; -lin board705 = noun "board" ; -lin boat706 = noun "boat" ; -lin body707 = noun "body" ; -lin boil708 = verb2 "boil" "" ; -lin bold709 = aGen "bold" ; -lin bomb710 = noun "bomb" ; -lin bomb711 = verb2 "bomb" "" ; -lin bombard712 = verb2 "bombard" "" ; -lin bond713 = noun "bond" ; -lin bond714 = verb3 "bond" "" "to" ; -lin bone715 = noun "bone" ; -lin bonus716 = noun "bonus" ; -lin book717 = noun "book" ; -lin bookkeeping718 = noun "bookkeeping" ; -lin boolean719 = mkAdj1 "boolean" ; -lin boorish720 = mkAdj1 "boorish" ; -lin boost721 = verb2 "boost" "" ; -lin boot722 = noun "boot" ; -lin bootstrap723 = noun "bootstrap" ; -lin border724 = noun "border" ; -lin border725 = verb2 "border" "" ; -lin bore726 = noun "bore" ; -lin bore727 = verb2 "bore" "" ; -lin borrow731 = verb3 "borrow" "" "from" ; -lin boss732 = noun "boss" ; -lin both735 = aGen "both" ; -lin bother736 = vGen "bother" ; -lin bother737 = vGen "bother" ; -lin bother738 = verb2 "bother" "" ; -lin bother739 = verb2 "bother" "about" ; -lin bottle740 = noun "bottle" ; -lin bottom741 = noun "bottom" ; -lin bough742 = noun "bough" ; -lin bound745 = mkAdj2 "bound" "for" ; -lin bound748 = verb2 "bound" "" ; -lin boundary749 = noun "boundary" ; -lin bounded750 = mkAdj1 "bounded" ; -lin bow751 = noun "bow" ; -lin bowl752 = noun "bowl" ; -lin box753 = noun "box" ; -lin boy754 = noun "boy" ; -lin brace755 = noun "brace" ; -lin bracket756 = noun "bracket" ; -lin bracket757 = verb2 "bracket" "" ; -lin brain758 = noun "brain" ; -lin branch759 = vGen "branch" ; -lin brand760 = noun "brand" ; -lin brandy761 = noun "brandy" ; -lin brass762 = noun "brass" ; -lin brave763 = aGen "brave" ; -lin breach764 = noun "breach" ; -lin breach765 = verb2 "breach" "" ; -lin bread766 = noun "bread" ; -lin breadth767 = noun "breadth" ; -lin break768 = noun "break" ; -lin break769 = verb2 "break" "" ; -lin breakage770 = noun "breakage" ; -lin breakfast771 = noun "breakfast" ; -lin breath772 = noun "breath" ; -lin breathe773 = verb2 "breathe" "" ; -lin breed774 = vGen "breed" ; -lin breed775 = noun "breed" ; -lin breeze776 = noun "breeze" ; -lin brew777 = verb2 "brew" "" ; -lin brick778 = noun "brick" ; -lin bridge779 = noun "bridge" ; -lin bridge780 = verb2 "bridge" "" ; -lin brief781 = aGen "brief" ; -lin briefs782 = noun "briefs" ; -lin bright783 = aGen "bright" ; -lin brilliant785 = aGen "brilliant" ; -lin bring786 = verb2 "bring" "" ; -lin bristle787 = noun "bristle" ; -lin britain788 = noun "britain" ; -lin british789 = mkAdj1 "british" ; -lin broach790 = verb2 "broach" "" ; -lin broad791 = aGen "broad" ; -lin broadcast792 = noun "broadcast" ; -lin bronchitis795 = noun "bronchitis" ; -lin brother796 = noun "brother" ; -lin brother797 = noun "brother" ; -lin brown800 = aGen "brown" ; -lin bruise801 = noun "bruise" ; -lin bruise802 = verb2 "bruise" "" ; -lin brute803 = noun "brute" ; -lin bucket804 = noun "bucket" ; -lin bud805 = noun "bud" ; -lin bud806 = verb2 "bud" "" ; -lin buffer807 = noun "buffer" ; -lin buffer808 = verb2 "buffer" "" ; -lin bug809 = noun "bug" ; -lin build810 = verb2 "build" "" ; -lin building811 = noun "building" ; -lin bullet814 = noun "bullet" ; -lin bully815 = noun "bully" ; -lin bully816 = verb2 "bully" "" ; -lin bun817 = noun "bun" ; -lin bunch818 = noun "bunch" ; -lin bundle819 = noun "bundle" ; -lin burden820 = noun "burden" ; -lin burn821 = verb2 "burn" "" ; -lin burst825 = vGen "burst" ; -lin burst826 = vGen "burst" ; -lin bury827 = verb2 "bury" "" ; -lin bus828 = noun "bus" ; -lin bush829 = noun "bush" ; -lin business830 = noun "business" ; -lin busy831 = aGen "busy" ; -lin butter833 = noun "butter" ; -lin butter834 = verb2 "butter" "" ; -lin butterfly835 = noun "butterfly" ; -lin button836 = noun "button" ; -lin buy837 = verb2 "buy" "" ; -lin buzz838 = vGen "buzz" ; -lin cabinet842 = noun "cabinet" ; -lin cable843 = noun "cable" ; -lin cage844 = noun "cage" ; -lin cake845 = noun "cake" ; -lin calculate846 = vGen "calculate" ; -lin calculus847 = noun "calculus" ; -lin call848 = noun "call" ; -lin call849 = verb2 "call" "" ; -lin calm850 = aGen "calm" ; -lin cam851 = noun "cam" ; -lin cambridge852 = noun "cambridge" ; -lin camel854 = noun "camel" ; -lin camera855 = noun "camera" ; -lin camp856 = noun "camp" ; -lin campaign857 = noun "campaign" ; -lin can858 = noun "can" ; -lin can859 = verb3 "can" "" "" ; -lin can860 = verb2 "can" "" ; -lin canada861 = noun "canada" ; -lin canadian862 = aGen "canadian" ; -lin cancel863 = verb2 "cancel" "" ; -lin cancer864 = noun "cancer" ; -lin candid865 = mkAdj1 "candid" ; -lin candidate866 = noun "candidate" ; -lin candle867 = noun "candle" ; -lin cannon868 = noun "cannon" ; -lin canonical870 = mkAdj1 "canonical" ; -lin cap872 = noun "cap" ; -lin capable873 = mkAdj2 "capable" "" ; -lin capable874 = mkAdj2 "capable" "of" ; -lin capacity875 = noun "capacity" ; -lin capital876 = noun "capital" ; -lin captain877 = noun "captain" ; -lin captain878 = noun "captain" ; -lin capture879 = verb2 "capture" "" ; -lin car880 = noun "car" ; -lin card881 = noun "card" ; -lin cardboard882 = noun "cardboard" ; -lin cardinal883 = mkAdj1 "cardinal" ; -lin cardinal884 = noun "cardinal" ; -lin care885 = vGen "care" ; -lin care886 = noun "care" ; -lin career887 = noun "career" ; -lin carriage888 = noun "carriage" ; -lin carry889 = verb2 "carry" "" ; -lin cart890 = noun "cart" ; -lin cartesian891 = mkAdj1 "cartesian" ; -lin carve892 = verb2 "carve" "" ; -lin case893 = noun "case" ; -lin cash894 = noun "cash" ; -lin cast895 = noun "cast" ; -lin cast897 = verb2 "cast" "" ; -lin cast898 = vGen "cast" ; -lin castle899 = noun "castle" ; -lin casual900 = mkAdj1 "casual" ; -lin cat901 = noun "cat" ; -lin catch902 = noun "catch" ; -lin catch903 = verb2 "catch" "" ; -lin categorical904 = mkAdj1 "categorical" ; -lin category905 = noun "category" ; -lin cater906 = verb2 "cater" "for" ; -lin cattle907 = noun "cattle" ; -lin cause910 = noun "cause" ; -lin cause911 = verb2 "cause" "" ; -lin caution912 = noun "caution" ; -lin cautious913 = mkAdj1 "cautious" ; -lin cave914 = noun "cave" ; -lin caviar915 = noun "caviar" ; -lin cease916 = vGen "cease" ; -lin ceiling917 = noun "ceiling" ; -lin cell918 = noun "cell" ; -lin cellar919 = noun "cellar" ; -lin cement920 = noun "cement" ; -lin cement921 = noun "cement" ; -lin census922 = noun "census" ; -lin cent923 = noun "cent" ; -lin centaur924 = noun "centaur" ; -lin center925 = noun "center" ; -lin centre926 = noun "centre" ; -lin centre927 = verb2 "centre" "" ; -lin century928 = noun "century" ; -lin ceremonial929 = mkAdj1 "ceremonial" ; -lin ceremony930 = noun "ceremony" ; -lin certain931 = mkAdj2 "certain" "" ; -lin certain932 = mkAdj2 "certain" "of" ; -lin certain933 = mkAdj2 "certain" "" ; -lin certain934 = aGen "certain" ; -lin certainty935 = noun "certainty" ; -lin certainty936 = noun "certainty" ; -lin certify937 = verb2 "certify" "" ; -lin certitude938 = noun "certitude" ; -lin chain939 = noun "chain" ; -lin chain940 = verb3 "chain" "" "to" ; -lin chair941 = noun "chair" ; -lin chairman942 = noun "chairman" ; -lin chairmen943 = noun "chairmen" ; -lin chairwoman944 = noun "chairwoman" ; -lin chairwomen945 = noun "chairwomen" ; -lin chalk946 = noun "chalk" ; -lin challenge947 = noun "challenge" ; -lin challenge948 = noun "challenge" ; -lin chance949 = noun "chance" ; -lin chancellor950 = noun "chancellor" ; -lin change951 = vGen "change" ; -lin change952 = noun "change" ; -lin change953 = verb2 "change" "" ; -lin channel954 = noun "channel" ; -lin chap955 = noun "chap" ; -lin chapter956 = noun "chapter" ; -lin char957 = verb2 "char" "" ; -lin character958 = noun "character" ; -lin characteristic959 = noun "characteristic" ; -lin characteristic960 = aGen "characteristic" ; -lin characteristic961 = aGen "characteristic" ; -lin characteristically962 = mkAdj1 "characteristically" ; -lin characterize963 = verb2 "characterize" "" ; -lin charge964 = noun "charge" ; -lin charge965 = verb3 "charge" "" "with" ; -lin charitable966 = mkAdj1 "charitable" ; -lin charity967 = noun "charity" ; -lin charm968 = noun "charm" ; -lin charm969 = verb2 "charm" "" ; -lin charming970 = mkAdj1 "charming" ; -lin chart971 = noun "chart" ; -lin chase972 = verb2 "chase" "" ; -lin chaste973 = aGen "chaste" ; -lin cheap974 = aGen "cheap" ; -lin cheat975 = noun "cheat" ; -lin cheat976 = verb2 "cheat" "" ; -lin check977 = noun "check" ; -lin check978 = verb2 "check" "" ; -lin checkmate979 = noun "checkmate" ; -lin cheek980 = noun "cheek" ; -lin cheer981 = vGen "cheer" ; -lin cheer982 = noun "cheer" ; -lin cheerful983 = mkAdj1 "cheerful" ; -lin cheese984 = noun "cheese" ; -lin chemical985 = aGen "chemical" ; -lin chemist986 = noun "chemist" ; -lin chemistry987 = noun "chemistry" ; -lin cheque988 = noun "cheque" ; -lin chequered989 = mkAdj1 "chequered" ; -lin chess990 = noun "chess" ; -lin chest991 = noun "chest" ; -lin chicken992 = noun "chicken" ; -lin chief993 = noun "chief" ; -lin chief994 = aGen "chief" ; -lin child995 = noun "child" ; -lin children996 = noun "children" ; -lin chimney997 = noun "chimney" ; -lin chin998 = noun "chin" ; -lin china999 = noun "china" ; -lin chinaman1000 = noun "chinaman" ; -lin chinese1001 = mkAdj1 "chinese" ; -lin chocolate1002 = noun "chocolate" ; -lin choice1003 = noun "choice" ; -lin choose1004 = verb2 "choose" "" ; -lin christian1007 = noun "christian" ; -lin christmas1008 = noun "christmas" ; -lin chronic1009 = mkAdj1 "chronic" ; -lin chronology1010 = noun "chronology" ; -lin chunk1011 = noun "chunk" ; -lin church1012 = noun "church" ; -lin churn1013 = noun "churn" ; -lin churn1014 = verb2 "churn" "" ; -lin churn1015 = verb2 "churn" "" ; -lin cigar1016 = noun "cigar" ; -lin cigarette1017 = noun "cigarette" ; -lin cinema1018 = noun "cinema" ; -lin circle1019 = noun "circle" ; -lin circuit1020 = noun "circuit" ; -lin circular1021 = mkAdj1 "circular" ; -lin circulate1022 = vGen "circulate" ; -lin circumscribe1023 = verb2 "circumscribe" "" ; -lin circumstance1024 = noun "circumstance" ; -lin circumvent1025 = vGen "circumvent" ; -lin cite1026 = verb2 "cite" "" ; -lin citizen1027 = noun "citizen" ; -lin city1028 = noun "city" ; -lin civilize1029 = verb2 "civilize" "" ; -lin clad1030 = mkAdj2 "clad" "" ; -lin clad1031 = mkAdj2 "clad" "in" ; -lin claim1032 = verb2 "claim" "" ; -lin claim1033 = noun "claim" ; -lin clan1034 = noun "clan" ; -lin clap1035 = vGen "clap" ; -lin clap1036 = noun "clap" ; -lin clarify1037 = verb2 "clarify" "" ; -lin clarity1038 = noun "clarity" ; -lin clash1039 = verb2 "clash" "with" ; -lin class1040 = noun "class" ; -lin class1041 = verb2 "class" "" ; -lin classic1042 = mkAdj1 "classic" ; -lin classify1043 = verb2 "classify" "" ; -lin clause1044 = noun "clause" ; -lin clay1045 = noun "clay" ; -lin clean1046 = aGen "clean" ; -lin clean1047 = verb2 "clean" "" ; -lin clear1048 = verb2 "clear" "" ; -lin clear1049 = aGen "clear" ; -lin clear1050 = aGen "clear" ; -lin cleave1051 = verb2 "cleave" "" ; -lin cleaver1052 = noun "cleaver" ; -lin cleft1053 = noun "cleft" ; -lin clerk1056 = noun "clerk" ; -lin clever1057 = aGen "clever" ; -lin client1058 = noun "client" ; -lin cliff1059 = noun "cliff" ; -lin climate1060 = noun "climate" ; -lin climax1061 = noun "climax" ; -lin climb1062 = verb2 "climb" "" ; -lin clinic1063 = noun "clinic" ; -lin clip1064 = noun "clip" ; -lin clitic1065 = noun "clitic" ; -lin clock1066 = noun "clock" ; -lin clog1067 = noun "clog" ; -lin close1068 = verb2 "close" "" ; -lin close1069 = aGen "close" ; -lin close1070 = aGen "close" ; -lin closet1071 = noun "closet" ; -lin closure1072 = noun "closure" ; -lin cloth1073 = noun "cloth" ; -lin clothe1074 = verb2 "clothe" "" ; -lin clothes1075 = noun "clothes" ; -lin clothing1076 = noun "clothing" ; -lin cloud1077 = noun "cloud" ; -lin club1079 = noun "club" ; -lin clue1080 = noun "clue" ; -lin clumsy1081 = aGen "clumsy" ; -lin clutter1082 = noun "clutter" ; -lin coach1084 = noun "coach" ; -lin coach1085 = verb2 "coach" "" ; -lin coal1086 = noun "coal" ; -lin coalesce1087 = verb2 "coalesce" "" ; -lin coarse1088 = aGen "coarse" ; -lin coast1089 = noun "coast" ; -lin coast1090 = verb2 "coast" "" ; -lin coaster1091 = noun "coaster" ; -lin coat1092 = noun "coat" ; -lin cocktail1093 = noun "cocktail" ; -lin cocoa1094 = noun "cocoa" ; -lin coconut1095 = noun "coconut" ; -lin code1096 = noun "code" ; -lin code1097 = verb2 "code" "" ; -lin coefficient1098 = noun "coefficient" ; -lin coerce1099 = vGen "coerce" ; -lin coffee1100 = noun "coffee" ; -lin cog1101 = noun "cog" ; -lin cognition1102 = noun "cognition" ; -lin cognitive1103 = mkAdj1 "cognitive" ; -lin coherence1104 = noun "coherence" ; -lin coherent1105 = mkAdj1 "coherent" ; -lin coin1106 = noun "coin" ; -lin coincide1107 = verb2 "coincide" "with" ; -lin coincidence1108 = noun "coincidence" ; -lin coincidental1109 = mkAdj1 "coincidental" ; -lin cold1110 = aGen "cold" ; -lin cold1111 = noun "cold" ; -lin collaborate1112 = verb2 "collaborate" "" ; -lin collapse1113 = noun "collapse" ; -lin collapse1114 = verb2 "collapse" "" ; -lin collar1115 = noun "collar" ; -lin colleague1116 = noun "colleague" ; -lin collect1117 = verb3 "collect" "" "from" ; -lin college1118 = noun "college" ; -lin collide1119 = vGen "collide" ; -lin collinear1120 = mkAdj1 "collinear" ; -lin collision1121 = noun "collision" ; -lin colon1122 = noun "colon" ; -lin colony1123 = noun "colony" ; -lin colour1124 = noun "colour" ; -lin colour1125 = verb2 "colour" "" ; -lin column1126 = noun "column" ; -lin comb1127 = noun "comb" ; -lin combat1128 = noun "combat" ; -lin combinator1129 = noun "combinator" ; -lin combine1130 = verb3 "combine" "" "with" ; -lin come1131 = verb2 "come" "" ; -lin comedy1132 = noun "comedy" ; -lin comfort1133 = noun "comfort" ; -lin comfort1134 = verb2 "comfort" "" ; -lin comfortable1135 = mkAdj1 "comfortable" ; -lin comma1136 = noun "comma" ; -lin command1137 = noun "command" ; -lin command1138 = verb2 "command" "" ; -lin commence1139 = vGen "commence" ; -lin comment1140 = noun "comment" ; -lin comment1141 = verb2 "comment" "on" ; -lin commerce1142 = noun "commerce" ; -lin commercial1143 = noun "commercial" ; -lin commission1144 = verb2 "commission" "" ; -lin commission1145 = noun "commission" ; -lin commit1146 = vGen "commit" ; -lin committee1147 = noun "committee" ; -lin commodity1148 = noun "commodity" ; -lin common1149 = aGen "common" ; -lin commonsense1150 = mkAdj1 "commonsense" ; -lin commonwealth1151 = noun "commonwealth" ; -lin commune1152 = noun "commune" ; -lin communicate1153 = verb2 "communicate" "with" ; -lin community1154 = noun "community" ; -lin commutative1155 = mkAdj1 "commutative" ; -lin commutator1156 = noun "commutator" ; -lin compact1157 = mkAdj1 "compact" ; -lin companion1158 = noun "companion" ; -lin company1159 = noun "company" ; -lin comparative1160 = mkAdj1 "comparative" ; -lin comparative1161 = noun "comparative" ; -lin compare1162 = verb3 "compare" "" "with" ; -lin comparison1163 = noun "comparison" ; -lin compass1164 = vGen "compass" ; -lin compatible1165 = aGen "compatible" ; -lin compatible1166 = aGen "compatible" ; -lin compel1167 = verb2 "compel" "" ; -lin compensate1168 = verb2 "compensate" "for" ; -lin compete1169 = verb2 "compete" "with" ; -lin competence1170 = noun "competence" ; -lin competent1171 = mkAdj1 "competent" ; -lin competition1172 = noun "competition" ; -lin competitor1173 = noun "competitor" ; -lin compile1174 = verb2 "compile" "" ; -lin complain1175 = verb2 "complain" "about" ; -lin complaint1176 = noun "complaint" ; -lin complement1177 = noun "complement" ; -lin complement1178 = verb2 "complement" "" ; -lin complementary1179 = aGen "complementary" ; -lin complementary1180 = aGen "complementary" ; -lin complete1181 = mkAdj1 "complete" ; -lin complete1182 = verb2 "complete" "" ; -lin complex1183 = mkAdj1 "complex" ; -lin complex1184 = noun "complex" ; -lin complicate1185 = verb2 "complicate" "" ; -lin compliment1186 = noun "compliment" ; -lin compliment1187 = verb2 "compliment" "" ; -lin comply1188 = verb2 "comply" "with" ; -lin component1189 = noun "component" ; -lin compose1190 = verb2 "compose" "" ; -lin composite1191 = mkAdj1 "composite" ; -lin composition1192 = noun "composition" ; -lin compound1193 = mkAdj1 "compound" ; -lin compound1194 = noun "compound" ; -lin compound1195 = verb2 "compound" "" ; -lin comprehend1196 = verb2 "comprehend" "" ; -lin comprehensible1197 = aGen "comprehensible" ; -lin comprehensible1198 = aGen "comprehensible" ; -lin comprehension1199 = noun "comprehension" ; -lin comprehensive1200 = mkAdj1 "comprehensive" ; -lin compress1201 = verb2 "compress" "" ; -lin comprise1202 = verb2 "comprise" "" ; -lin compromise1203 = vGen "compromise" ; -lin compute1204 = verb2 "compute" "" ; -lin computer1205 = noun "computer" ; -lin concatenate1206 = vGen "concatenate" ; -lin concave1207 = aGen "concave" ; -lin conceal1208 = verb2 "conceal" "" ; -lin concede1209 = verb2 "concede" "" ; -lin conceive1210 = verb2 "conceive" "of" ; -lin concentrate1211 = verb2 "concentrate" "" ; -lin concept1212 = noun "concept" ; -lin conception1213 = noun "conception" ; -lin conceptual1214 = mkAdj1 "conceptual" ; -lin concern1215 = noun "concern" ; -lin concern1216 = verb2 "concern" "" ; -lin concert1218 = noun "concert" ; -lin concerted1219 = mkAdj1 "concerted" ; -lin concession1220 = noun "concession" ; -lin concise1221 = mkAdj1 "concise" ; -lin conclude1222 = verb2 "conclude" "" ; -lin conclusion1223 = noun "conclusion" ; -lin conclusive1224 = mkAdj1 "conclusive" ; -lin concomitant1225 = mkAdj1 "concomitant" ; -lin concrete1226 = mkAdj1 "concrete" ; -lin concrete1227 = noun "concrete" ; -lin concur1228 = verb2 "concur" "" ; -lin concurrent1229 = mkAdj1 "concurrent" ; -lin condemn1230 = verb2 "condemn" "" ; -lin condition1231 = noun "condition" ; -lin condition1232 = verb2 "condition" "" ; -lin conditional1233 = noun "conditional" ; -lin conducive1234 = aGen "conducive" ; -lin conduct1235 = noun "conduct" ; -lin conduct1236 = verb2 "conduct" "" ; -lin confer1237 = verb2 "confer" "with" ; -lin conference1238 = noun "conference" ; -lin confess1239 = verb2 "confess" "" ; -lin confidence1240 = noun "confidence" ; -lin confident1241 = mkAdj1 "confident" ; -lin configure1242 = verb2 "configure" "" ; -lin confine1243 = verb3 "confine" "" "to" ; -lin confirm1244 = verb2 "confirm" "" ; -lin conflate1245 = vGen "conflate" ; -lin conflict1246 = verb2 "conflict" "with" ; -lin confluence1247 = noun "confluence" ; -lin confluent1248 = mkAdj1 "confluent" ; -lin conform1249 = verb2 "conform" "to" ; -lin confound1250 = verb2 "confound" "" ; -lin confounded1251 = mkAdj1 "confounded" ; -lin confront1252 = verb3 "confront" "" "with" ; -lin confuse1253 = vGen "confuse" ; -lin congruence1254 = noun "congruence" ; -lin congruent1255 = mkAdj1 "congruent" ; -lin conjecture1256 = verb2 "conjecture" "" ; -lin conjoin1257 = verb2 "conjoin" "" ; -lin conjunct1258 = noun "conjunct" ; -lin conjunction1259 = noun "conjunction" ; -lin conjunctive1260 = mkAdj1 "conjunctive" ; -lin connect1261 = verb2 "connect" "" ; -lin connective1262 = noun "connective" ; -lin conquer1263 = verb2 "conquer" "" ; -lin conqueror1264 = noun "conqueror" ; -lin conquest1265 = noun "conquest" ; -lin conscience1266 = noun "conscience" ; -lin conscious1267 = mkAdj2 "conscious" "" ; -lin conscious1268 = mkAdj2 "conscious" "of" ; -lin consecutive1269 = mkAdj1 "consecutive" ; -lin consensus1270 = noun "consensus" ; -lin consequence1271 = noun "consequence" ; -lin consequent1272 = mkAdj1 "consequent" ; -lin conservative1273 = mkAdj1 "conservative" ; -lin conserve1274 = verb2 "conserve" "" ; -lin consider1275 = verb2 "consider" "" ; -lin consider1276 = verb3 "consider" "" "" ; -lin consider1277 = verb2 "consider" "" ; -lin consider1278 = verb2 "consider" "" ; -lin considerate1279 = mkAdj1 "considerate" ; -lin consist1280 = verb2 "consist" "of" ; -lin consistency1281 = noun "consistency" ; -lin consistent1282 = aGen "consistent" ; -lin consistent1283 = aGen "consistent" ; -lin consonant1284 = mkAdj2 "consonant" "" ; -lin consonant1285 = mkAdj2 "consonant" "with" ; -lin consonant1286 = noun "consonant" ; -lin constant1287 = mkAdj1 "constant" ; -lin constant1288 = noun "constant" ; -lin constellation1289 = noun "constellation" ; -lin constituency1290 = noun "constituency" ; -lin constituent1291 = noun "constituent" ; -lin constitute1292 = verb2 "constitute" "" ; -lin constrain1293 = verb2 "constrain" "" ; -lin constraint1294 = noun "constraint" ; -lin constrict1295 = verb2 "constrict" "" ; -lin construct1296 = vGen "construct" ; -lin constructor1297 = noun "constructor" ; -lin construe1298 = verb2 "construe" "" ; -lin consult1299 = verb2 "consult" "" ; -lin consume1300 = verb2 "consume" "" ; -lin consumption1301 = noun "consumption" ; -lin contact1302 = noun "contact" ; -lin contact1303 = verb2 "contact" "" ; -lin contagion1304 = noun "contagion" ; -lin contagious1305 = mkAdj1 "contagious" ; -lin contain1306 = verb2 "contain" "" ; -lin contaminate1307 = verb2 "contaminate" "" ; -lin contemplate1308 = verb2 "contemplate" "" ; -lin contemporary1309 = mkAdj1 "contemporary" ; -lin contemporary1310 = noun "contemporary" ; -lin contend1311 = verb2 "contend" "" ; -lin content1312 = mkAdj2 "content" "" ; -lin content1313 = mkAdj2 "content" "with" ; -lin contented1314 = aGen "contented" ; -lin contented1315 = aGen "contented" ; -lin contention1316 = noun "contention" ; -lin contents1317 = noun "contents" ; -lin context1318 = noun "context" ; -lin contextual1319 = mkAdj1 "contextual" ; -lin contiguous1320 = aGen "contiguous" ; -lin contiguous1321 = aGen "contiguous" ; -lin contingency1322 = noun "contingency" ; -lin contingent1323 = aGen "contingent" ; -lin contingent1324 = aGen "contingent" ; -lin continual1325 = mkAdj1 "continual" ; -lin continue1326 = verb2 "continue" "" ; -lin continue1327 = verb2 "continue" "" ; -lin continuity1328 = noun "continuity" ; -lin continuous1329 = mkAdj1 "continuous" ; -lin continuum1330 = noun "continuum" ; -lin contour1331 = noun "contour" ; -lin contract1332 = vGen "contract" ; -lin contract1333 = noun "contract" ; -lin contradict1334 = verb2 "contradict" "" ; -lin contrary1335 = aGen "contrary" ; -lin contrary1336 = aGen "contrary" ; -lin contrast1337 = noun "contrast" ; -lin contrast1338 = verb3 "contrast" "" "with" ; -lin contrastive1339 = mkAdj1 "contrastive" ; -lin contravene1340 = verb2 "contravene" "" ; -lin contribute1341 = verb2 "contribute" "to" ; -lin control1342 = noun "control" ; -lin control1343 = verb2 "control" "" ; -lin controversial1344 = mkAdj1 "controversial" ; -lin controversy1345 = noun "controversy" ; -lin convenience1346 = noun "convenience" ; -lin convenient1347 = mkAdj1 "convenient" ; -lin convention1348 = noun "convention" ; -lin converge1349 = verb2 "converge" "" ; -lin convergence1350 = noun "convergence" ; -lin conversation1351 = noun "conversation" ; -lin converse1352 = mkAdj1 "converse" ; -lin converse1353 = verb2 "converse" "with" ; -lin conversion1354 = noun "conversion" ; -lin convert1355 = verb3 "convert" "" "to" ; -lin convey1356 = verb2 "convey" "" ; -lin convict1357 = noun "convict" ; -lin convict1358 = verb2 "convict" "" ; -lin conviction1359 = noun "conviction" ; -lin convince1360 = verb3 "convince" "" "" ; -lin convincing1361 = mkAdj1 "convincing" ; -lin convoluted1362 = mkAdj1 "convoluted" ; -lin cook1363 = noun "cook" ; -lin cook1364 = verb2 "cook" "" ; -lin cool1365 = aGen "cool" ; -lin cool1366 = verb2 "cool" "" ; -lin coordinate1367 = verb2 "coordinate" "" ; -lin cope1368 = verb2 "cope" "with" ; -lin copper1369 = noun "copper" ; -lin copula1370 = noun "copula" ; -lin copy1371 = noun "copy" ; -lin copy1372 = verb2 "copy" "" ; -lin copyright1373 = noun "copyright" ; -lin cord1374 = noun "cord" ; -lin corn1375 = noun "corn" ; -lin corner1376 = noun "corner" ; -lin corollary1377 = noun "corollary" ; -lin corporation1379 = noun "corporation" ; -lin corpus1380 = noun "corpus" ; -lin correct1381 = mkAdj1 "correct" ; -lin correct1382 = verb2 "correct" "" ; -lin correlate1383 = verb2 "correlate" "" ; -lin correspond1384 = verb2 "correspond" "to" ; -lin correspondence1385 = noun "correspondence" ; -lin corresponding1386 = mkAdj1 "corresponding" ; -lin cosmetic1387 = mkAdj1 "cosmetic" ; -lin cost1388 = noun "cost" ; -lin cost1389 = verb2 "cost" "" ; -lin cost1390 = verb2 "cost" "" ; -lin costly1391 = aGen "costly" ; -lin costume1392 = noun "costume" ; -lin cotton1393 = noun "cotton" ; -lin cough1394 = vGen "cough" ; -lin cough1395 = noun "cough" ; -lin could1396 = verb3 "could" "" "" ; -lin council1398 = noun "council" ; -lin councillor1399 = noun "councillor" ; -lin count1401 = verb2 "count" "" ; -lin counterfactual1402 = mkAdj1 "counterfactual" ; -lin counterintuitive1403 = mkAdj1 "counterintuitive" ; -lin country1404 = noun "country" ; -lin county1405 = noun "county" ; -lin couple1406 = noun "couple" ; -lin couple1407 = verb2 "couple" "" ; -lin courage1408 = noun "courage" ; -lin course1409 = noun "course" ; -lin court1410 = noun "court" ; -lin court1411 = verb2 "court" "" ; -lin court1412 = verb2 "court" "" ; -lin courteous1413 = mkAdj1 "courteous" ; -lin courtesy1414 = noun "courtesy" ; -lin cover1415 = noun "cover" ; -lin cover1416 = verb2 "cover" "" ; -lin covert1417 = mkAdj1 "covert" ; -lin cow1418 = noun "cow" ; -lin coward1419 = noun "coward" ; -lin crab1420 = noun "crab" ; -lin crack1421 = noun "crack" ; -lin crack1422 = verb2 "crack" "" ; -lin craft1423 = noun "craft" ; -lin crafty1424 = aGen "crafty" ; -lin crag1425 = noun "crag" ; -lin crash1426 = vGen "crash" ; -lin crate1427 = noun "crate" ; -lin crater1428 = noun "crater" ; -lin crave1429 = verb2 "crave" "" ; -lin crawl1430 = verb2 "crawl" "" ; -lin crayfish1431 = noun "crayfish" ; -lin crayon1432 = noun "crayon" ; -lin craze1433 = noun "craze" ; -lin crazy1434 = aGen "crazy" ; -lin cream1435 = noun "cream" ; -lin create1436 = vGen "create" ; -lin creator1437 = noun "creator" ; -lin creature1438 = noun "creature" ; -lin credit1439 = noun "credit" ; -lin creep1440 = verb2 "creep" "" ; -lin cricket1443 = noun "cricket" ; -lin crime1444 = noun "crime" ; -lin criminal1445 = mkAdj1 "criminal" ; -lin criminal1446 = noun "criminal" ; -lin crisis1448 = noun "crisis" ; -lin criterion1450 = noun "criterion" ; -lin critic1451 = noun "critic" ; -lin criticise1452 = verb2 "criticise" "" ; -lin criticism1453 = noun "criticism" ; -lin criticize1454 = verb2 "criticize" "" ; -lin critique1455 = noun "critique" ; -lin crochet1456 = noun "crochet" ; -lin crochet1457 = verb2 "crochet" "" ; -lin crochet1458 = verb2 "crochet" "" ; -lin crop1459 = noun "crop" ; -lin crop1460 = verb2 "crop" "" ; -lin cross1461 = aGen "cross" ; -lin cross1462 = noun "cross" ; -lin cross1463 = verb2 "cross" "" ; -lin crow1464 = vGen "crow" ; -lin crow1465 = noun "crow" ; -lin crowd1466 = noun "crowd" ; -lin crown1467 = noun "crown" ; -lin crown1468 = verb2 "crown" "" ; -lin crucial1469 = mkAdj1 "crucial" ; -lin crude1470 = aGen "crude" ; -lin cruel1471 = aGen "cruel" ; -lin cruel1472 = aGen "cruel" ; -lin cruelty1473 = noun "cruelty" ; -lin crush1474 = verb2 "crush" "" ; -lin cry1475 = vGen "cry" ; -lin cry1476 = noun "cry" ; -lin cub1477 = noun "cub" ; -lin cube1478 = noun "cube" ; -lin cubic1479 = mkAdj1 "cubic" ; -lin cue1480 = noun "cue" ; -lin cue1481 = verb2 "cue" "" ; -lin culprit1482 = noun "culprit" ; -lin cultivate1483 = verb2 "cultivate" "" ; -lin culture1484 = noun "culture" ; -lin cumbersome1485 = mkAdj1 "cumbersome" ; -lin cumulative1486 = mkAdj1 "cumulative" ; -lin cunning1487 = mkAdj1 "cunning" ; -lin cup1488 = noun "cup" ; -lin cupboard1489 = noun "cupboard" ; -lin curb1490 = verb2 "curb" "" ; -lin cure1491 = noun "cure" ; -lin cure1492 = verb3 "cure" "" "of" ; -lin curiosity1493 = noun "curiosity" ; -lin curious1494 = mkAdj1 "curious" ; -lin curl1495 = vGen "curl" ; -lin curl1496 = noun "curl" ; -lin current1497 = mkAdj1 "current" ; -lin current1498 = noun "current" ; -lin curriculum1499 = noun "curriculum" ; -lin curse1500 = noun "curse" ; -lin curse1501 = verb2 "curse" "" ; -lin curtain1502 = noun "curtain" ; -lin curvature1503 = noun "curvature" ; -lin curve1504 = vGen "curve" ; -lin curve1505 = noun "curve" ; -lin custard1506 = noun "custard" ; -lin custom1507 = noun "custom" ; -lin cut1508 = noun "cut" ; -lin cut1509 = verb2 "cut" "" ; -lin cut1510 = verb2 "cut" "" ; -lin cut1511 = verb2 "cut" "" ; -lin cycle1512 = vGen "cycle" ; -lin cyclic1513 = mkAdj1 "cyclic" ; -lin cynic1514 = noun "cynic" ; -lin dagger1515 = noun "dagger" ; -lin daily1516 = mkAdj1 "daily" ; -lin damage1517 = noun "damage" ; -lin damage1518 = verb2 "damage" "" ; -lin dance1519 = noun "dance" ; -lin dance1520 = verb2 "dance" "" ; -lin danger1521 = noun "danger" ; -lin dangle1522 = verb2 "dangle" "" ; -lin dare1523 = verb3 "dare" "" "" ; -lin dare1524 = verb2 "dare" "" ; -lin dark1528 = noun "dark" ; -lin dark1529 = aGen "dark" ; -lin darken1530 = verb2 "darken" "" ; -lin darken1531 = verb2 "darken" "" ; -lin database1533 = noun "database" ; -lin date1534 = noun "date" ; -lin dative1535 = mkAdj1 "dative" ; -lin datum1536 = noun "datum" ; -lin daughter1537 = noun "daughter" ; -lin day1538 = noun "day" ; -lin dead1540 = aGen "dead" ; -lin deaf1541 = aGen "deaf" ; -lin deal1542 = noun "deal" ; -lin deal1543 = verb2 "deal" "with" ; -lin dear1546 = aGen "dear" ; -lin dear1547 = aGen "dear" ; -lin death1548 = noun "death" ; -lin debate1549 = noun "debate" ; -lin debate1550 = verb2 "debate" "" ; -lin debt1551 = noun "debt" ; -lin debtor1552 = noun "debtor" ; -lin debug1553 = verb2 "debug" "" ; -lin decade1554 = noun "decade" ; -lin decay1555 = vGen "decay" ; -lin deceive1556 = verb2 "deceive" "" ; -lin december1557 = noun "december" ; -lin deception1558 = noun "deception" ; -lin deceptive1559 = mkAdj1 "deceptive" ; -lin decide1560 = verb2 "decide" "" ; -lin decimal1561 = mkAdj1 "decimal" ; -lin decimal1562 = noun "decimal" ; -lin decision1563 = noun "decision" ; -lin decisive1564 = mkAdj1 "decisive" ; -lin declare1565 = verb2 "declare" "" ; -lin declare1566 = verb2 "declare" "" ; -lin decompose1567 = verb2 "decompose" "" ; -lin decomposition1568 = noun "decomposition" ; -lin decrease1569 = vGen "decrease" ; -lin decrease1570 = noun "decrease" ; -lin decrement1571 = verb2 "decrement" "" ; -lin dedicate1572 = verb3 "dedicate" "" "to" ; -lin deduce1573 = verb2 "deduce" "" ; -lin deducible1574 = mkAdj1 "deducible" ; -lin deed1575 = noun "deed" ; -lin deep1576 = aGen "deep" ; -lin deer1577 = noun "deer" ; -lin defeat1578 = noun "defeat" ; -lin defeat1579 = verb2 "defeat" "" ; -lin defect1580 = noun "defect" ; -lin defect1581 = verb2 "defect" "" ; -lin defence1582 = noun "defence" ; -lin defend1583 = verb2 "defend" "" ; -lin defense1584 = noun "defense" ; -lin defensible1585 = mkAdj1 "defensible" ; -lin defer1586 = verb2 "defer" "" ; -lin deficiency1587 = noun "deficiency" ; -lin deficient1588 = mkAdj1 "deficient" ; -lin define1589 = verb2 "define" "" ; -lin definite1590 = aGen "definite" ; -lin definition1591 = noun "definition" ; -lin definitive1592 = mkAdj1 "definitive" ; -lin deform1593 = verb2 "deform" "" ; -lin defy1594 = verb2 "defy" "" ; -lin degrade1595 = verb2 "degrade" "" ; -lin degree1596 = noun "degree" ; -lin delay1597 = noun "delay" ; -lin delay1598 = verb2 "delay" "" ; -lin delete1599 = vGen "delete" ; -lin deliberate1600 = mkAdj1 "deliberate" ; -lin delicacy1601 = noun "delicacy" ; -lin delicate1602 = mkAdj1 "delicate" ; -lin delight1603 = noun "delight" ; -lin delight1604 = verb2 "delight" "" ; -lin delimit1605 = verb2 "delimit" "" ; -lin delineate1606 = verb2 "delineate" "" ; -lin deliver1607 = verb2 "deliver" "" ; -lin delve1608 = verb2 "delve" "" ; -lin demand1609 = noun "demand" ; -lin demand1610 = verb2 "demand" "" ; -lin demonstrate1611 = verb2 "demonstrate" "" ; -lin denial1612 = noun "denial" ; -lin denote1613 = verb2 "denote" "" ; -lin dense1614 = aGen "dense" ; -lin deny1615 = verb2 "deny" "" ; -lin depart1616 = verb2 "depart" "from" ; -lin department1617 = noun "department" ; -lin departure1618 = noun "departure" ; -lin depend1619 = verb2 "depend" "on" ; -lin dependence1620 = noun "dependence" ; -lin dependency1621 = noun "dependency" ; -lin dependent1622 = noun "dependent" ; -lin dependent1623 = aGen "dependent" ; -lin dependent1624 = aGen "dependent" ; -lin depict1625 = verb2 "depict" "" ; -lin deploy1626 = verb2 "deploy" "" ; -lin deposit1627 = noun "deposit" ; -lin deposit1628 = verb2 "deposit" "" ; -lin depress1629 = vGen "depress" ; -lin depressing1630 = mkAdj1 "depressing" ; -lin depth1631 = noun "depth" ; -lin derivative1632 = noun "derivative" ; -lin derive1633 = verb2 "derive" "from" ; -lin descend1634 = verb2 "descend" "" ; -lin descendant1635 = noun "descendant" ; -lin descent1636 = noun "descent" ; -lin describe1637 = verb2 "describe" "" ; -lin description1638 = noun "description" ; -lin descriptive1639 = mkAdj1 "descriptive" ; -lin desert1640 = noun "desert" ; -lin deserve1641 = verb2 "deserve" "" ; -lin design1642 = noun "design" ; -lin design1643 = verb2 "design" "" ; -lin designate1644 = verb2 "designate" "" ; -lin desire1645 = noun "desire" ; -lin desire1646 = verb2 "desire" "" ; -lin desire1647 = verb2 "desire" "" ; -lin desire1648 = verb2 "desire" "" ; -lin desk1649 = noun "desk" ; -lin despair1650 = noun "despair" ; -lin despair1651 = verb2 "despair" "" ; -lin despair1652 = verb2 "despair" "of" ; -lin desperate1653 = aGen "desperate" ; -lin desperate1654 = aGen "desperate" ; -lin desperation1655 = noun "desperation" ; -lin destination1656 = noun "destination" ; -lin destiny1657 = noun "destiny" ; -lin destroy1658 = verb2 "destroy" "" ; -lin destruction1659 = noun "destruction" ; -lin destructive1660 = mkAdj1 "destructive" ; -lin detach1661 = verb2 "detach" "" ; -lin detail1662 = noun "detail" ; -lin detailed1663 = mkAdj1 "detailed" ; -lin detect1664 = verb2 "detect" "" ; -lin deteriorate1665 = verb2 "deteriorate" "" ; -lin determinate1666 = mkAdj1 "determinate" ; -lin determine1667 = verb2 "determine" "" ; -lin determinism1668 = noun "determinism" ; -lin deterministic1669 = mkAdj1 "deterministic" ; -lin determinize1670 = verb2 "determinize" "" ; -lin detract1671 = verb2 "detract" "from" ; -lin develop1672 = verb2 "develop" "" ; -lin deviance1673 = noun "deviance" ; -lin deviant1674 = aGen "deviant" ; -lin deviate1675 = vGen "deviate" ; -lin devil1676 = noun "devil" ; -lin devise1677 = verb2 "devise" "" ; -lin devote1678 = verb3 "devote" "" "to" ; -lin devour1679 = verb2 "devour" "" ; -lin diagnose1680 = verb2 "diagnose" "" ; -lin diagnosis1681 = noun "diagnosis" ; -lin diagnostic1682 = mkAdj1 "diagnostic" ; -lin diagonal1683 = mkAdj1 "diagonal" ; -lin diagonal1684 = noun "diagonal" ; -lin diagram1685 = noun "diagram" ; -lin diagrammatic1686 = mkAdj1 "diagrammatic" ; -lin diagrammatically1687 = mkAdv "diagrammatically" ; -lin dialect1688 = noun "dialect" ; -lin dialogue1689 = noun "dialogue" ; -lin diamond1690 = noun "diamond" ; -lin dice1691 = noun "dice" ; -lin dichotomy1692 = noun "dichotomy" ; -lin dictionary1693 = noun "dictionary" ; -lin die1696 = vGen "die" ; -lin die1697 = noun "die" ; -lin differ1698 = verb2 "differ" "from" ; -lin difference1699 = noun "difference" ; -lin different1700 = mkAdj2 "different" "" ; -lin different1701 = mkAdj2 "different" "from" ; -lin differentiate1702 = vGen "differentiate" ; -lin difficult1703 = mkAdj2 "difficult" "" ; -lin difficult1704 = mkAdj2 "difficult" "" ; --- -lin difficulty1705 = noun "difficulty" ; -lin diffuse1706 = mkAdj1 "diffuse" ; -lin diffuse1707 = vGen "diffuse" ; -lin dig1708 = verb2 "dig" "" ; -lin digest1709 = noun "digest" ; -lin digest1710 = verb2 "digest" "" ; -lin digit1711 = noun "digit" ; -lin digital1712 = mkAdj1 "digital" ; -lin dilate1713 = vGen "dilate" ; -lin dimension1714 = noun "dimension" ; -lin diminish1715 = verb2 "diminish" "" ; -lin dine1716 = vGen "dine" ; -lin dinner1717 = noun "dinner" ; -lin dire1718 = aGen "dire" ; -lin direct1719 = mkAdj1 "direct" ; -lin direct1720 = verb3 "direct" "" "to" ; -lin direction1721 = noun "direction" ; -lin director1722 = noun "director" ; -lin directory1723 = noun "directory" ; -lin dirt1724 = noun "dirt" ; -lin disable1726 = verb2 "disable" "" ; -lin disadvantage1727 = noun "disadvantage" ; -lin disambiguate1728 = verb2 "disambiguate" "" ; -lin disarm1729 = verb2 "disarm" "" ; -lin disarmament1730 = noun "disarmament" ; -lin disappoint1731 = verb2 "disappoint" "" ; -lin disaster1732 = noun "disaster" ; -lin disastrous1733 = mkAdj1 "disastrous" ; -lin disbelief1734 = noun "disbelief" ; -lin disc1735 = noun "disc" ; -lin discard1736 = verb2 "discard" "" ; -lin discern1737 = verb2 "discern" "" ; -lin discipline1738 = noun "discipline" ; -lin disciplined1739 = mkAdj1 "disciplined" ; -lin discontinuity1740 = noun "discontinuity" ; -lin discontinuous1741 = mkAdj1 "discontinuous" ; -lin discourage1742 = verb2 "discourage" "" ; -lin discourse1743 = noun "discourse" ; -lin discover1744 = verb2 "discover" "" ; -lin discover1745 = verb2 "discover" "" ; -lin discovery1746 = noun "discovery" ; -lin discrepancy1747 = noun "discrepancy" ; -lin discrete1748 = aGen "discrete" ; -lin discriminate1749 = vGen "discriminate" ; -lin discuss1750 = vGen "discuss" ; -lin discussion1751 = noun "discussion" ; -lin discussion1752 = noun "discussion" ; -lin discussion1753 = noun "discussion" ; -lin discussion1754 = noun "discussion" ; -lin disease1755 = noun "disease" ; -lin diseased1756 = mkAdj1 "diseased" ; -lin disguise1757 = vGen "disguise" ; -lin disguise1758 = noun "disguise" ; -lin disguise1759 = verb2 "disguise" "" ; -lin dish1760 = noun "dish" ; -lin dishonest1761 = mkAdj1 "dishonest" ; -lin disillusion1762 = verb2 "disillusion" "" ; -lin disjoint1763 = mkAdj1 "disjoint" ; -lin disjunct1764 = noun "disjunct" ; -lin disjunction1765 = noun "disjunction" ; -lin disjunctive1766 = mkAdj1 "disjunctive" ; -lin disk1767 = noun "disk" ; -lin dislocate1768 = verb2 "dislocate" "" ; -lin dismiss1769 = verb2 "dismiss" "" ; -lin disparate1770 = mkAdj1 "disparate" ; -lin dispense1771 = verb2 "dispense" "with" ; -lin dispensible1772 = mkAdj1 "dispensible" ; -lin display1773 = noun "display" ; -lin display1774 = verb2 "display" "" ; -lin dispose1775 = verb2 "dispose" "of" ; -lin disproportionate1776 = mkAdj1 "disproportionate" ; -lin dispute1777 = noun "dispute" ; -lin dispute1778 = verb2 "dispute" "" ; -lin disquieting1779 = mkAdj1 "disquieting" ; -lin disrupt1780 = verb2 "disrupt" "" ; -lin dissatisfaction1781 = noun "dissatisfaction" ; -lin dissatisfied1782 = mkAdj1 "dissatisfied" ; -lin dissent1783 = vGen "dissent" ; -lin dissertation1784 = noun "dissertation" ; -lin dissimilar1785 = mkAdj2 "dissimilar" "" ; -lin dissimilar1786 = mkAdj2 "dissimilar" "to" ; -lin distance1787 = noun "distance" ; -lin distant1788 = mkAdj2 "distant" "" ; -lin distant1789 = mkAdj2 "distant" "from" ; -lin distinct1790 = aGen "distinct" ; -lin distinct1791 = aGen "distinct" ; -lin distinction1792 = noun "distinction" ; -lin distinctive1793 = mkAdj1 "distinctive" ; -lin distinguish1794 = verb3 "distinguish" "" "from" ; -lin distract1795 = verb3 "distract" "" "from" ; -lin distribute1796 = vGen "distribute" ; -lin district1797 = noun "district" ; -lin disturb1798 = verb2 "disturb" "" ; -lin ditch1799 = noun "ditch" ; -lin ditransitive1800 = mkAdj1 "ditransitive" ; -lin dive1801 = noun "dive" ; -lin dive1802 = verb2 "dive" "" ; -lin diverse1803 = mkAdj1 "diverse" ; -lin divide1804 = verb2 "divide" "" ; -lin dividend1805 = noun "dividend" ; -lin divine1806 = mkAdj1 "divine" ; -lin divisible1807 = mkAdj1 "divisible" ; -lin division1808 = noun "division" ; -lin divisor1809 = noun "divisor" ; -lin divorce1810 = verb3 "divorce" "" "from" ; -lin do1811 = vGen "do" ; -lin do1812 = verb2 "do" "" ; -lin doctor1813 = noun "doctor" ; -lin document1814 = noun "document" ; -lin document1815 = verb2 "document" "" ; -lin dog1820 = noun "dog" ; -lin dollar1821 = noun "dollar" ; -lin dolt1822 = noun "dolt" ; -lin domain1824 = noun "domain" ; -lin dome1825 = noun "dome" ; -lin dominance1826 = noun "dominance" ; -lin dominant1827 = mkAdj1 "dominant" ; -lin dominate1828 = vGen "dominate" ; -lin donate1829 = verb3 "donate" "" "to" ; -lin donkey1831 = noun "donkey" ; -lin doom1835 = noun "doom" ; -lin doomed1836 = mkAdj1 "doomed" ; -lin doomsday1837 = noun "doomsday" ; -lin door1838 = noun "door" ; -lin dormancy1839 = noun "dormancy" ; -lin dormant1840 = aGen "dormant" ; -lin dosage1841 = noun "dosage" ; -lin dose1842 = noun "dose" ; -lin dose1843 = verb3 "dose" "" "with" ; -lin dot1844 = noun "dot" ; -lin double1845 = mkAdj1 "double" ; -lin double1846 = verb2 "double" "" ; -lin doubt1847 = verb2 "doubt" "" ; -lin doubt1848 = verb2 "doubt" "" ; -lin doubt1849 = noun "doubt" ; -lin dour1850 = aGen "dour" ; -lin dove1851 = noun "dove" ; -lin down1852 = noun "down" ; -lin downward1855 = mkAdv "downward" ; -lin doze1856 = verb2 "doze" "" ; -lin dozen1857 = noun "dozen" ; -lin draft1858 = noun "draft" ; -lin drag1859 = noun "drag" ; -lin drag1860 = verb2 "drag" "" ; -lin drain1861 = noun "drain" ; -lin drain1862 = verb2 "drain" "" ; -lin dram1863 = noun "dram" ; -lin drama1864 = noun "drama" ; -lin dramatic1865 = mkAdj1 "dramatic" ; -lin dramatically1866 = mkAdv "dramatically" ; -lin dramatist1867 = noun "dramatist" ; -lin drastic1869 = mkAdj1 "drastic" ; -lin drastically1870 = mkAdv "drastically" ; -lin draught1871 = noun "draught" ; -lin draw1872 = verb2 "draw" "" ; -lin drawback1873 = noun "drawback" ; -lin drawer1874 = noun "drawer" ; -lin dread1876 = noun "dread" ; -lin dread1877 = verb2 "dread" "" ; -lin dreadful1878 = mkAdj1 "dreadful" ; -lin dream1879 = noun "dream" ; -lin dream1880 = verb2 "dream" "" ; -lin dress1883 = vGen "dress" ; -lin dress1884 = noun "dress" ; -lin drill1886 = noun "drill" ; -lin drill1887 = verb2 "drill" "" ; -lin drink1888 = noun "drink" ; -lin drink1889 = verb2 "drink" "" ; -lin drive1890 = vGen "drive" ; -lin drop1892 = noun "drop" ; -lin drop1893 = verb2 "drop" "" ; -lin drought1894 = noun "drought" ; -lin drown1896 = vGen "drown" ; -lin drug1897 = noun "drug" ; -lin drum1898 = noun "drum" ; -lin drunk1899 = aGen "drunk" ; -lin dry1901 = aGen "dry" ; -lin dry1902 = verb2 "dry" "" ; -lin dual1903 = mkAdj1 "dual" ; -lin dubious1904 = mkAdj1 "dubious" ; -lin duck1905 = noun "duck" ; -lin duck1906 = verb2 "duck" "" ; -lin due1907 = aGen "due" ; -lin due1908 = aGen "due" ; -lin duel1909 = noun "duel" ; -lin dull1912 = aGen "dull" ; -lin dumb1913 = aGen "dumb" ; -lin dummy1914 = noun "dummy" ; -lin dump1915 = noun "dump" ; -lin dump1916 = verb2 "dump" "" ; -lin dumpling1917 = noun "dumpling" ; -lin duplicate1918 = vGen "duplicate" ; -lin dust1920 = noun "dust" ; -lin dutch1921 = mkAdj1 "dutch" ; -lin duty1922 = noun "duty" ; -lin dwarf1923 = noun "dwarf" ; -lin dwarf1924 = verb2 "dwarf" "" ; -lin dwell1925 = verb2 "dwell" "" ; -lin dwelling1926 = noun "dwelling" ; -lin dwelt1927 = verb2 "dwelt" "on" ; -lin dwelt1928 = verb2 "dwelt" "on" ; -lin dynamic1929 = mkAdj1 "dynamic" ; -lin dynamically1930 = mkAdv "dynamically" ; -lin dynamism1931 = noun "dynamism" ; -lin dynamo1932 = noun "dynamo" ; -lin each1933 = aGen "each" ; -lin each1934 = noun "each" ; -lin eager1935 = mkAdj2 "eager" "" ; -lin eager1936 = mkAdj2 "eager" "" ; -lin ear1937 = noun "ear" ; -lin earl1938 = noun "earl" ; -lin early1939 = aGen "early" ; -lin earn1940 = verb2 "earn" "" ; -lin earth1943 = noun "earth" ; -lin ease1944 = noun "ease" ; -lin east1945 = noun "east" ; -lin east1946 = aGen "east" ; -lin east1947 = aGen "east" ; -lin eastern1948 = aGen "eastern" ; -lin easy1949 = aGen "easy" ; -lin easy1950 = aGen "easy" ; -lin eat1951 = verb2 "eat" "" ; -lin ebb1953 = verb2 "ebb" "" ; -lin echo1954 = noun "echo" ; -lin echo1955 = verb2 "echo" "" ; -lin economic1956 = mkAdj1 "economic" ; -lin economical1957 = mkAdj1 "economical" ; -lin economy1958 = noun "economy" ; -lin edge1961 = noun "edge" ; -lin edible1962 = mkAdj1 "edible" ; -lin edinburgh1963 = noun "edinburgh" ; -lin edit1964 = verb2 "edit" "" ; -lin edition1965 = noun "edition" ; -lin editor1966 = noun "editor" ; -lin educate1967 = verb2 "educate" "" ; -lin effect1969 = noun "effect" ; -lin effect1970 = verb2 "effect" "" ; -lin effective1971 = aGen "effective" ; -lin efficacy1972 = noun "efficacy" ; -lin efficient1974 = mkAdj1 "efficient" ; -lin effort1975 = noun "effort" ; -lin egg1976 = noun "egg" ; -lin eight1977 = aGen "eight" ; -lin eighteen1978 = aGen "eighteen" ; -lin eighteenth1979 = aGen "eighteenth" ; -lin eighth1980 = aGen "eighth" ; -lin eightieth1981 = aGen "eightieth" ; -lin eighty1982 = aGen "eighty" ; -lin either1983 = aGen "either" ; -lin either1985 = aGen "either" ; -lin elaborate1986 = mkAdj1 "elaborate" ; -lin elaborate1987 = vGen "elaborate" ; -lin elastic1988 = aGen "elastic" ; -lin elbow1989 = noun "elbow" ; -lin elect1992 = verb2 "elect" "" ; -lin electric1993 = mkAdj1 "electric" ; -lin electricity1994 = noun "electricity" ; -lin electron1995 = noun "electron" ; -lin electronic1996 = mkAdj1 "electronic" ; -lin elegance1997 = noun "elegance" ; -lin elegant1998 = mkAdj1 "elegant" ; -lin element1999 = noun "element" ; -lin elephant2000 = noun "elephant" ; -lin elephantine2001 = mkAdj1 "elephantine" ; -lin elevate2002 = verb2 "elevate" "" ; -lin eleven2003 = aGen "eleven" ; -lin eleventh2004 = aGen "eleventh" ; -lin elicit2005 = verb2 "elicit" "" ; -lin eligible2006 = mkAdj2 "eligible" "" ; -lin eligible2007 = mkAdj2 "eligible" "for" ; -lin eliminate2008 = verb2 "eliminate" "" ; -lin ellipse2009 = noun "ellipse" ; -lin ellipsis2010 = noun "ellipsis" ; -lin elliptical2011 = mkAdj1 "elliptical" ; -lin elucidate2014 = verb2 "elucidate" "" ; -lin elude2015 = verb2 "elude" "" ; -lin elusive2016 = mkAdj1 "elusive" ; -lin embarrass2017 = verb2 "embarrass" "" ; -lin embassy2018 = noun "embassy" ; -lin embed2019 = verb3 "embed" "" "in" ; -lin embody2020 = verb2 "embody" "" ; -lin embrace2021 = noun "embrace" ; -lin embrace2022 = verb2 "embrace" "" ; -lin embrace2023 = verb2 "embrace" "" ; -lin emerge2024 = verb2 "emerge" "" ; -lin emergency2025 = noun "emergency" ; -lin emergent2026 = mkAdj1 "emergent" ; -lin emphasis2027 = noun "emphasis" ; -lin emphasise2028 = verb2 "emphasise" "" ; -lin emphasise2029 = verb2 "emphasise" "" ; -lin emphasize2030 = verb2 "emphasize" "" ; -lin emphasize2031 = verb2 "emphasize" "" ; -lin emphatic2032 = mkAdj1 "emphatic" ; -lin emphatically2033 = mkAdv "emphatically" ; -lin empire2034 = noun "empire" ; -lin empirical2035 = mkAdj1 "empirical" ; -lin empiricism2036 = noun "empiricism" ; -lin empiricist2037 = noun "empiricist" ; -lin employ2038 = verb2 "employ" "" ; -lin empty2039 = aGen "empty" ; -lin empty2040 = verb2 "empty" "" ; -lin emulate2041 = vGen "emulate" ; -lin enable2043 = verb2 "enable" "" ; -lin encapsulate2044 = vGen "encapsulate" ; -lin enchant2045 = verb2 "enchant" "" ; -lin enclose2046 = verb2 "enclose" "" ; -lin enclosure2047 = noun "enclosure" ; -lin encode2048 = verb2 "encode" "" ; -lin encompass2049 = verb2 "encompass" "" ; -lin encounter2050 = verb2 "encounter" "" ; -lin encourage2051 = verb2 "encourage" "" ; -lin encrypt2052 = vGen "encrypt" ; -lin encumber2053 = verb2 "encumber" "" ; -lin encyclopaedia2054 = noun "encyclopaedia" ; -lin encyclopaedic2055 = mkAdj1 "encyclopaedic" ; -lin end2056 = noun "end" ; -lin end2057 = verb2 "end" "" ; -lin endeavour2058 = verb2 "endeavour" "" ; -lin ending2059 = noun "ending" ; -lin endow2060 = verb3 "endow" "" "with" ; -lin enemy2061 = noun "enemy" ; -lin energetic2062 = mkAdj1 "energetic" ; -lin energetically2063 = mkAdv "energetically" ; -lin energy2064 = noun "energy" ; -lin enforce2065 = verb2 "enforce" "" ; -lin engage2066 = verb2 "engage" "" ; -lin engender2067 = verb2 "engender" "" ; -lin engine2068 = noun "engine" ; -lin engineer2069 = noun "engineer" ; -lin engineer2070 = verb2 "engineer" "" ; -lin england2071 = noun "england" ; -lin english2072 = mkAdj1 "english" ; -lin engross2073 = verb2 "engross" "" ; -lin engulf2074 = verb2 "engulf" "" ; -lin enhance2075 = verb2 "enhance" "" ; -lin enjoy2076 = verb2 "enjoy" "" ; -lin enlarge2077 = verb2 "enlarge" "" ; -lin enormous2078 = mkAdj1 "enormous" ; -lin enough2079 = noun "enough" ; -lin enough2080 = aGen "enough" ; -lin enough2081 = aGen "enough" ; -lin enough2082 = aGen "enough" ; -lin enquire2083 = verb2 "enquire" "about" ; -lin enrich2084 = verb2 "enrich" "" ; -lin ensure2085 = verb2 "ensure" "" ; -lin entail2086 = verb2 "entail" "" ; -lin enter2087 = verb2 "enter" "" ; -lin enterprise2088 = noun "enterprise" ; -lin enterprising2089 = mkAdj1 "enterprising" ; -lin entertain2090 = verb2 "entertain" "" ; -lin enthusiast2091 = noun "enthusiast" ; -lin entire2092 = mkAdj1 "entire" ; -lin entitle2093 = verb3 "entitle" "" "to" ; -lin entity2094 = noun "entity" ; -lin entrance2095 = noun "entrance" ; -lin entrance2096 = verb2 "entrance" "" ; -lin entropy2097 = noun "entropy" ; -lin entrust2098 = verb3 "entrust" "" "to" ; -lin entry2099 = noun "entry" ; -lin enumerate2100 = vGen "enumerate" ; -lin envelope2101 = noun "envelope" ; -lin environment2102 = noun "environment" ; -lin envisage2103 = verb2 "envisage" "" ; -lin envy2104 = noun "envy" ; -lin envy2105 = verb2 "envy" "" ; -lin epistemology2106 = noun "epistemology" ; -lin equal2107 = noun "equal" ; -lin equal2108 = verb2 "equal" "" ; -lin equal2109 = aGen "equal" ; -lin equal2110 = aGen "equal" ; -lin equate2111 = vGen "equate" ; -lin equation2112 = noun "equation" ; -lin equidistant2113 = mkAdj1 "equidistant" ; -lin equip2114 = verb2 "equip" "" ; -lin equipment2115 = noun "equipment" ; -lin equivalence2116 = noun "equivalence" ; -lin equivalent2117 = vGen "equivalent" ; -lin equivalent2118 = aGen "equivalent" ; -lin equivalent2119 = aGen "equivalent" ; -lin ergonomic2122 = mkAdj1 "ergonomic" ; -lin ergonomically2123 = mkAdv "ergonomically" ; -lin erroneous2124 = mkAdj1 "erroneous" ; -lin error2125 = noun "error" ; -lin escape2126 = verb2 "escape" "from" ; -lin eschew2127 = verb2 "eschew" "" ; -lin esoteric2129 = mkAdj1 "esoteric" ; -lin especially2130 = mkAdv "especially" ; -lin espouse2131 = verb2 "espouse" "" ; -lin essay2133 = noun "essay" ; -lin essence2134 = noun "essence" ; -lin essential2135 = mkAdj1 "essential" ; -lin establish2137 = verb2 "establish" "" ; -lin establishment2138 = noun "establishment" ; -lin estate2139 = noun "estate" ; -lin estimate2140 = verb2 "estimate" "" ; -lin euclidean2141 = mkAdj1 "euclidean" ; -lin europe2142 = noun "europe" ; -lin european2143 = mkAdj1 "european" ; -lin european2144 = noun "european" ; -lin evade2145 = verb2 "evade" "" ; -lin evaluable2146 = mkAdj1 "evaluable" ; -lin evaluate2147 = verb2 "evaluate" "" ; -lin even2148 = mkAdv "even" ; -lin even2149 = aGen "even" ; -lin evening2150 = noun "evening" ; -lin event2151 = noun "event" ; -lin eventual2152 = mkAdj1 "eventual" ; -lin ever2153 = mkAdv "ever" ; -lin every2154 = aGen "every" ; -lin everyday2155 = mkAdj1 "everyday" ; -lin everyone2156 = noun "everyone" ; -lin everyone2157 = noun "everyone" ; -lin everything2158 = noun "everything" ; -lin evidence2160 = noun "evidence" ; -lin evident2161 = aGen "evident" ; -lin evident2162 = aGen "evident" ; -lin evil2163 = aGen "evil" ; -lin evocation2164 = noun "evocation" ; -lin evoke2165 = verb2 "evoke" "" ; -lin evolution2166 = noun "evolution" ; -lin evolve2167 = verb2 "evolve" "" ; -lin exacerbate2169 = verb2 "exacerbate" "" ; -lin exact2170 = aGen "exact" ; -lin exaggerate2171 = verb2 "exaggerate" "" ; -lin exaggerate2172 = verb2 "exaggerate" "" ; -lin exalt2173 = verb2 "exalt" "" ; -lin examination2174 = noun "examination" ; -lin examine2175 = verb2 "examine" "" ; -lin example2176 = noun "example" ; -lin excede2177 = verb2 "excede" "" ; -lin exceed2178 = verb2 "exceed" "" ; -lin excellence2179 = noun "excellence" ; -lin excellent2180 = mkAdj1 "excellent" ; -lin exception2182 = noun "exception" ; -lin excess2183 = noun "excess" ; -lin excessive2184 = mkAdj1 "excessive" ; -lin exchange2185 = noun "exchange" ; -lin exchange2186 = verb3 "exchange" "" "for" ; -lin excite2187 = verb2 "excite" "" ; -lin exclude2188 = verb2 "exclude" "" ; -lin exclusion2189 = noun "exclusion" ; -lin exclusive2190 = aGen "exclusive" ; -lin exclusive2191 = aGen "exclusive" ; -lin excursion2192 = noun "excursion" ; -lin excuse2193 = verb2 "excuse" "" ; -lin excuse2194 = noun "excuse" ; -lin execute2195 = verb2 "execute" "" ; -lin exemplar2196 = noun "exemplar" ; -lin exemplify2197 = verb2 "exemplify" "" ; -lin exercise2198 = noun "exercise" ; -lin exert2199 = verb2 "exert" "" ; -lin exhaust2200 = vGen "exhaust" ; -lin exhibit2201 = noun "exhibit" ; -lin exhibit2202 = verb2 "exhibit" "" ; -lin exhort2203 = verb2 "exhort" "" ; -lin exist2204 = vGen "exist" ; -lin existence2205 = noun "existence" ; -lin existent2206 = mkAdj1 "existent" ; -lin exit2207 = noun "exit" ; -lin exit2208 = verb2 "exit" "from" ; -lin exophoric2209 = mkAdj1 "exophoric" ; -lin expand2210 = verb2 "expand" "" ; -lin expansion2211 = noun "expansion" ; -lin expect2212 = verb2 "expect" "" ; -lin expect2213 = verb2 "expect" "" ; -lin expect2214 = verb2 "expect" "" ; -lin expedient2215 = noun "expedient" ; -lin expel2216 = verb2 "expel" "" ; -lin expend2217 = verb2 "expend" "" ; -lin expenditure2218 = noun "expenditure" ; -lin expense2219 = noun "expense" ; -lin expensive2220 = mkAdj1 "expensive" ; -lin experience2221 = noun "experience" ; -lin experience2222 = verb2 "experience" "" ; -lin experiment2223 = noun "experiment" ; -lin experiment2224 = verb2 "experiment" "" ; -lin expert2225 = noun "expert" ; -lin expertise2226 = noun "expertise" ; -lin expire2227 = verb2 "expire" "" ; -lin expiry2228 = noun "expiry" ; -lin explain2229 = verb3 "explain" "" "to" ; -lin explanation2230 = noun "explanation" ; -lin explanatory2231 = mkAdj1 "explanatory" ; -lin explicate2232 = verb2 "explicate" "" ; -lin explicit2233 = mkAdj1 "explicit" ; -lin explode2234 = vGen "explode" ; -lin exploit2235 = verb2 "exploit" "" ; -lin explore2236 = verb2 "explore" "" ; -lin explore2237 = verb2 "explore" "" ; -lin explosion2238 = noun "explosion" ; -lin explosive2239 = mkAdj1 "explosive" ; -lin explosive2240 = noun "explosive" ; -lin exponent2241 = noun "exponent" ; -lin exponential2242 = mkAdj1 "exponential" ; -lin exponential2243 = noun "exponential" ; -lin expose2244 = verb2 "expose" "" ; -lin exposure2245 = vGen "exposure" ; -lin express2246 = mkAdj1 "express" ; -lin express2247 = verb2 "express" "" ; -lin expressible2248 = aGen "expressible" ; -lin expressible2249 = aGen "expressible" ; -lin expression2250 = noun "expression" ; -lin expressly2251 = mkAdv "expressly" ; -lin expulsion2252 = noun "expulsion" ; -lin expunge2253 = verb2 "expunge" "" ; -lin extant2254 = mkAdj1 "extant" ; -lin extend2255 = verb2 "extend" "" ; -lin extensible2256 = mkAdj1 "extensible" ; -lin extension2257 = noun "extension" ; -lin extensive2258 = mkAdj1 "extensive" ; -lin extent2259 = noun "extent" ; -lin external2260 = mkAdj1 "external" ; -lin extra2261 = mkAdj1 "extra" ; -lin extract2262 = vGen "extract" ; -lin extraneous2263 = mkAdj1 "extraneous" ; -lin extravagance2264 = noun "extravagance" ; -lin extravagant2265 = mkAdj1 "extravagant" ; -lin extreme2266 = mkAdj1 "extreme" ; -lin extrinsic2267 = mkAdj1 "extrinsic" ; -lin extrinsically2268 = mkAdv "extrinsically" ; -lin eye2269 = noun "eye" ; -lin face2270 = noun "face" ; -lin face2271 = verb2 "face" "" ; -lin face2272 = verb3 "face" "" "with" ; -lin facet2273 = noun "facet" ; -lin facetious2274 = mkAdj1 "facetious" ; -lin facilitate2275 = verb2 "facilitate" "" ; -lin facility2276 = noun "facility" ; -lin fact2277 = noun "fact" ; -lin factive2278 = mkAdj1 "factive" ; -lin factive2279 = noun "factive" ; -lin factor2280 = noun "factor" ; -lin factor2281 = verb2 "factor" "" ; -lin factorial2282 = noun "factorial" ; -lin factory2283 = noun "factory" ; -lin factual2284 = mkAdj1 "factual" ; -lin faculty2285 = noun "faculty" ; -lin fail2286 = verb2 "fail" "" ; -lin failure2287 = noun "failure" ; -lin faint2288 = aGen "faint" ; -lin fair2289 = aGen "fair" ; -lin fair2290 = noun "fair" ; -lin fairy2291 = noun "fairy" ; -lin faith2292 = noun "faith" ; -lin fall2293 = noun "fall" ; -lin fall2294 = verb2 "fall" "" ; -lin false2296 = aGen "false" ; -lin falsehood2297 = noun "falsehood" ; -lin fame2298 = noun "fame" ; -lin familiar2299 = aGen "familiar" ; -lin familiar2300 = aGen "familiar" ; -lin family2301 = noun "family" ; -lin fan2302 = noun "fan" ; -lin fancy2303 = aGen "fancy" ; -lin fancy2304 = verb2 "fancy" "" ; -lin far2305 = aGen "far" ; -lin far2306 = aGen "far" ; -lin farce2307 = noun "farce" ; -lin fare2308 = noun "fare" ; -lin farm2309 = noun "farm" ; -lin farm2310 = verb2 "farm" "" ; -lin fashion2315 = noun "fashion" ; -lin fashionable2316 = mkAdj1 "fashionable" ; -lin fast2317 = aGen "fast" ; -lin fasten2318 = verb3 "fasten" "" "to" ; -lin fat2319 = noun "fat" ; -lin fat2320 = aGen "fat" ; -lin fate2321 = noun "fate" ; -lin father2322 = noun "father" ; -lin fatigue2323 = noun "fatigue" ; -lin fatigue2324 = verb2 "fatigue" "" ; -lin fault2325 = noun "fault" ; -lin favor2326 = noun "favor" ; -lin favor2327 = verb2 "favor" "" ; -lin favour2328 = noun "favour" ; -lin favour2329 = verb2 "favour" "" ; -lin favourable2330 = aGen "favourable" ; -lin favourable2331 = aGen "favourable" ; -lin favourite2332 = mkAdj1 "favourite" ; -lin fear2333 = noun "fear" ; -lin fear2334 = verb2 "fear" "" ; -lin feasible2335 = mkAdj1 "feasible" ; -lin feast2336 = noun "feast" ; -lin feather2337 = noun "feather" ; -lin feature2338 = noun "feature" ; -lin feature2339 = verb2 "feature" "" ; -lin february2340 = noun "february" ; -lin federal2343 = mkAdj1 "federal" ; -lin federation2344 = noun "federation" ; -lin fee2345 = noun "fee" ; -lin feed2346 = verb2 "feed" "" ; -lin feedback2347 = noun "feedback" ; -lin feel2348 = verb2 "feel" "" ; -lin feeling2349 = noun "feeling" ; -lin felix2351 = noun "felix" ; -lin fellow2353 = noun "fellow" ; -lin felt2354 = noun "felt" ; -lin female2357 = mkAdj1 "female" ; -lin fence2358 = noun "fence" ; -lin fertilize2359 = verb2 "fertilize" "" ; -lin fertilizer2360 = noun "fertilizer" ; -lin fetch2361 = verb3 "fetch" "" "from" ; -lin fetter2362 = verb2 "fetter" "" ; -lin fever2363 = noun "fever" ; -lin few2365 = aGen "few" ; -lin fiction2366 = noun "fiction" ; -lin fictional2367 = mkAdj1 "fictional" ; -lin fido2368 = noun "fido" ; -lin field2369 = noun "field" ; -lin fierce2370 = aGen "fierce" ; -lin fifteen2371 = aGen "fifteen" ; -lin fifteenth2372 = aGen "fifteenth" ; -lin fifth2373 = aGen "fifth" ; -lin fiftieth2374 = aGen "fiftieth" ; -lin fifty2375 = aGen "fifty" ; -lin fig2376 = noun "fig" ; -lin fight2377 = noun "fight" ; -lin fight2378 = verb2 "fight" "" ; -lin fight2379 = verb2 "fight" "" ; -lin figure2380 = noun "figure" ; -lin file2381 = noun "file" ; -lin file2382 = verb2 "file" "" ; -lin fill2383 = verb2 "fill" "" ; -lin fill2384 = verb3 "fill" "" "" ; -lin film2385 = noun "film" ; -lin film2386 = verb2 "film" "" ; -lin filter2387 = noun "filter" ; -lin filter2388 = verb2 "filter" "" ; -lin fin2389 = noun "fin" ; -lin final2390 = mkAdj1 "final" ; -lin financial2392 = mkAdj1 "financial" ; -lin find2393 = verb2 "find" "" ; -lin findings2394 = noun "findings" ; -lin fine2395 = aGen "fine" ; -lin fine2396 = noun "fine" ; -lin fine2397 = verb2 "fine" "" ; -lin finger2398 = noun "finger" ; -lin fingerprint2399 = noun "fingerprint" ; -lin finish2400 = noun "finish" ; -lin finish2401 = verb2 "finish" "" ; -lin finish2402 = verb2 "finish" "" ; -lin finite2403 = mkAdj1 "finite" ; -lin fir2404 = noun "fir" ; -lin fire2405 = noun "fire" ; -lin fire2406 = verb2 "fire" "" ; -lin firm2407 = noun "firm" ; -lin firm2408 = aGen "firm" ; -lin first2409 = aGen "first" ; -lin firstly2410 = mkAdv "firstly" ; -lin fish2411 = noun "fish" ; -lin fish2412 = noun "fish" ; -lin fish2413 = verb2 "fish" "" ; -lin fisherman2414 = noun "fisherman" ; -lin fishermen2415 = noun "fishermen" ; -lin fit2416 = verb2 "fit" "" ; -lin fit2417 = aGen "fit" ; -lin fit2418 = aGen "fit" ; -lin five2419 = aGen "five" ; -lin fix2420 = verb3 "fix" "" "to" ; -lin flag2421 = noun "flag" ; -lin flame2422 = noun "flame" ; -lin flash2423 = noun "flash" ; -lin flash2424 = vGen "flash" ; -lin flat2425 = aGen "flat" ; -lin flat2426 = noun "flat" ; -lin flavour2427 = noun "flavour" ; -lin flaw2428 = noun "flaw" ; -lin flawed2429 = mkAdj1 "flawed" ; -lin flesh2430 = noun "flesh" ; -lin flexible2432 = mkAdj1 "flexible" ; -lin flight2433 = noun "flight" ; -lin flip2434 = verb2 "flip" "" ; -lin float2435 = vGen "float" ; -lin flood2436 = noun "flood" ; -lin flood2437 = verb2 "flood" "" ; -lin floor2438 = noun "floor" ; -lin flour2439 = noun "flour" ; -lin flourish2440 = verb2 "flourish" "" ; -lin flourish2441 = verb2 "flourish" "" ; -lin flow2442 = noun "flow" ; -lin flower2443 = noun "flower" ; -lin flu2445 = noun "flu" ; -lin fluid2446 = mkAdj1 "fluid" ; -lin fluid2447 = noun "fluid" ; -lin flux2448 = noun "flux" ; -lin fly2449 = noun "fly" ; -lin fly2450 = verb2 "fly" "" ; -lin foam2451 = noun "foam" ; -lin foam2452 = verb2 "foam" "" ; -lin focal2453 = mkAdj1 "focal" ; -lin focus2454 = noun "focus" ; -lin focus2455 = verb2 "focus" "" ; -lin focus2456 = verb2 "focus" "on" ; -lin fog2457 = noun "fog" ; -lin foist2458 = verb3 "foist" "" "on" ; -lin fold2459 = noun "fold" ; -lin fold2460 = verb2 "fold" "" ; -lin follow2461 = verb2 "follow" "" ; -lin fond2462 = aGen "fond" ; -lin food2463 = noun "food" ; -lin fool2464 = noun "fool" ; -lin fool2465 = verb2 "fool" "" ; -lin foolish2466 = mkAdj1 "foolish" ; -lin foot2467 = noun "foot" ; -lin football2468 = noun "football" ; -lin foray2472 = noun "foray" ; -lin forbid2474 = verb2 "forbid" "" ; -lin force2476 = noun "force" ; -lin force2477 = verb2 "force" "" ; -lin forcible2478 = mkAdj1 "forcible" ; -lin forearm2479 = noun "forearm" ; -lin forego2480 = verb2 "forego" "" ; -lin foreground2482 = noun "foreground" ; -lin forehead2483 = noun "forehead" ; -lin foreign2484 = mkAdj1 "foreign" ; -lin foreigner2485 = noun "foreigner" ; -lin forerunner2486 = noun "forerunner" ; -lin foresee2488 = verb2 "foresee" "" ; -lin forest2490 = noun "forest" ; -lin forestall2491 = verb2 "forestall" "" ; -lin forget2495 = verb2 "forget" "" ; -lin forgive2496 = verb3 "forgive" "" "for" ; -lin forgo2498 = verb2 "forgo" "" ; -lin fork2502 = noun "fork" ; -lin form2503 = noun "form" ; -lin form2504 = verb2 "form" "" ; -lin formal2505 = mkAdj1 "formal" ; -lin formalism2506 = noun "formalism" ; -lin format2507 = noun "format" ; -lin formation2508 = noun "formation" ; -lin former2509 = mkAdj1 "former" ; -lin formula2510 = noun "formula" ; -lin formulate2512 = verb2 "formulate" "" ; -lin fort2513 = noun "fort" ; -lin forthcoming2515 = mkAdj1 "forthcoming" ; -lin forthwith2516 = mkAdv "forthwith" ; -lin fortieth2517 = aGen "fortieth" ; -lin fortnight2518 = noun "fortnight" ; -lin fortuitous2519 = mkAdj1 "fortuitous" ; -lin fortunate2520 = mkAdj1 "fortunate" ; -lin fortune2521 = noun "fortune" ; -lin forty2522 = aGen "forty" ; -lin forum2523 = noun "forum" ; -lin forward2524 = mkAdj1 "forward" ; -lin found2531 = verb2 "found" "" ; -lin foundation2533 = noun "foundation" ; -lin fountain2534 = noun "fountain" ; -lin four2535 = aGen "four" ; -lin fourteen2536 = aGen "fourteen" ; -lin fourteenth2537 = aGen "fourteenth" ; -lin fourth2538 = aGen "fourth" ; -lin fox2539 = noun "fox" ; -lin fraction2540 = noun "fraction" ; -lin fracture2541 = noun "fracture" ; -lin fracture2542 = verb2 "fracture" "" ; -lin fragment2543 = noun "fragment" ; -lin fragment2544 = verb2 "fragment" "" ; -lin fragmentary2545 = mkAdj1 "fragmentary" ; -lin frame2546 = noun "frame" ; -lin frame2547 = verb2 "frame" "" ; -lin framework2548 = noun "framework" ; -lin france2549 = noun "france" ; -lin franz2550 = noun "franz" ; -lin free2551 = aGen "free" ; -lin free2552 = verb2 "free" "" ; -lin freedom2553 = noun "freedom" ; -lin freeze2554 = verb2 "freeze" "" ; -lin french2555 = aGen "french" ; -lin frequency2556 = noun "frequency" ; -lin frequent2557 = mkAdj1 "frequent" ; -lin fresh2558 = aGen "fresh" ; -lin friction2559 = noun "friction" ; -lin friday2560 = noun "friday" ; -lin friend2561 = noun "friend" ; -lin friendly2562 = aGen "friendly" ; -lin friendly2563 = aGen "friendly" ; -lin fright2564 = noun "fright" ; -lin frighten2565 = verb2 "frighten" "" ; -lin frill2566 = noun "frill" ; -lin fringe2567 = noun "fringe" ; -lin front2570 = mkAdj1 "front" ; -lin front2571 = noun "front" ; -lin fruit2574 = noun "fruit" ; -lin fry2575 = verb2 "fry" "" ; -lin fulfil2578 = vGen "fulfil" ; -lin full2579 = aGen "full" ; -lin fun2580 = noun "fun" ; -lin function2581 = noun "function" ; -lin function2582 = verb2 "function" "" ; -lin functor2583 = noun "functor" ; -lin fund2584 = noun "fund" ; -lin fundamental2585 = mkAdj1 "fundamental" ; -lin funeral2586 = noun "funeral" ; -lin funereal2587 = mkAdj1 "funereal" ; -lin fungus2589 = noun "fungus" ; -lin funny2590 = aGen "funny" ; -lin fur2591 = noun "fur" ; -lin furnish2592 = verb3 "furnish" "" "with" ; -lin furniture2593 = noun "furniture" ; -lin fuss2598 = noun "fuss" ; -lin future2599 = mkAdj1 "future" ; -lin future2600 = noun "future" ; -lin fuzzy2601 = mkAdj1 "fuzzy" ; -lin gag2602 = noun "gag" ; -lin gag2603 = verb2 "gag" "" ; -lin gain2604 = noun "gain" ; -lin gain2605 = verb2 "gain" "" ; -lin galactic2606 = mkAdj1 "galactic" ; -lin galaxy2607 = noun "galaxy" ; -lin gale2608 = noun "gale" ; -lin gallon2609 = noun "gallon" ; -lin gamble2610 = vGen "gamble" ; -lin game2611 = noun "game" ; -lin gap2612 = noun "gap" ; -lin gape2613 = verb2 "gape" "" ; -lin gape2614 = verb2 "gape" "at" ; -lin garage2615 = noun "garage" ; -lin garden2616 = noun "garden" ; -lin garment2617 = noun "garment" ; -lin gas2618 = noun "gas" ; -lin gaseous2619 = mkAdj1 "gaseous" ; -lin gate2620 = noun "gate" ; -lin gather2621 = vGen "gather" ; -lin gauge2622 = noun "gauge" ; -lin gauge2623 = verb2 "gauge" "" ; -lin gay2626 = aGen "gay" ; -lin gaze2627 = verb2 "gaze" "at" ; -lin gaze2628 = noun "gaze" ; -lin gear2629 = noun "gear" ; -lin gear2630 = verb2 "gear" "" ; -lin generable2632 = mkAdj1 "generable" ; -lin general2633 = mkAdj1 "general" ; -lin general2634 = noun "general" ; -lin generate2635 = verb2 "generate" "" ; -lin generation2636 = noun "generation" ; -lin generator2637 = noun "generator" ; -lin generic2638 = mkAdj1 "generic" ; -lin generosity2639 = noun "generosity" ; -lin generous2640 = aGen "generous" ; -lin generous2641 = aGen "generous" ; -lin genitive2642 = mkAdj1 "genitive" ; -lin genius2643 = noun "genius" ; -lin gentle2644 = aGen "gentle" ; -lin gentleman2645 = noun "gentleman" ; -lin gentlemen2646 = noun "gentlemen" ; -lin gently2647 = mkAdv "gently" ; -lin genuine2648 = mkAdj1 "genuine" ; -lin genus2649 = noun "genus" ; -lin geography2650 = noun "geography" ; -lin geology2651 = noun "geology" ; -lin geometry2652 = noun "geometry" ; -lin german2653 = mkAdj1 "german" ; -lin germane2654 = mkAdj1 "germane" ; -lin germanic2655 = mkAdj1 "germanic" ; -lin germany2656 = noun "germany" ; -lin gerund2657 = noun "gerund" ; -lin gesture2658 = verb2 "gesture" "" ; -lin gesture2659 = noun "gesture" ; -lin get2660 = verb2 "get" "" ; -lin gift2661 = noun "gift" ; -lin gin2662 = noun "gin" ; -lin giraffe2663 = noun "giraffe" ; -lin girl2664 = noun "girl" ; -lin gist2665 = noun "gist" ; -lin give2666 = verb3 "give" "" "" ; -lin give2667 = verb3 "give" "" "to" ; -lin glad2670 = aGen "glad" ; -lin glad2671 = aGen "glad" ; -lin glad2672 = aGen "glad" ; -lin glance2673 = noun "glance" ; -lin glance2674 = verb2 "glance" "at" ; -lin glass2675 = noun "glass" ; -lin glasses2676 = noun "glasses" ; -lin glean2677 = verb2 "glean" "" ; -lin global2678 = mkAdj1 "global" ; -lin globe2679 = noun "globe" ; -lin glory2680 = noun "glory" ; -lin gloss2681 = noun "gloss" ; -lin gloss2682 = verb2 "gloss" "" ; -lin glow2683 = noun "glow" ; -lin glow2684 = verb2 "glow" "" ; -lin gnat2685 = noun "gnat" ; -lin gnu2686 = noun "gnu" ; -lin go2687 = verb2 "go" "" ; -lin goat2688 = noun "goat" ; -lin god2689 = noun "god" ; -lin goddess2690 = noun "goddess" ; -lin gold2691 = noun "gold" ; -lin golden2692 = aGen "golden" ; -lin good2694 = mkAdj1 "good" ; -lin goods2695 = noun "goods" ; -lin goose2696 = noun "goose" ; -lin gore2697 = noun "gore" ; -lin gorilla2698 = noun "gorilla" ; -lin gory2699 = aGen "gory" ; -lin gospel2700 = noun "gospel" ; -lin govern2702 = vGen "govern" ; -lin government2703 = noun "government" ; -lin grab2704 = verb2 "grab" "" ; -lin grace2705 = noun "grace" ; -lin grade2707 = noun "grade" ; -lin gradual2708 = mkAdj1 "gradual" ; -lin graft2709 = noun "graft" ; -lin graft2710 = verb2 "graft" "" ; -lin graham2711 = noun "graham" ; -lin grain2712 = noun "grain" ; -lin gram2713 = noun "gram" ; -lin grammar2714 = noun "grammar" ; -lin grammatical2715 = mkAdj1 "grammatical" ; -lin grand2716 = aGen "grand" ; -lin grandfather2717 = noun "grandfather" ; -lin grandmother2718 = noun "grandmother" ; -lin grant2719 = noun "grant" ; -lin grant2720 = verb2 "grant" "" ; -lin grape2721 = noun "grape" ; -lin graph2722 = noun "graph" ; -lin graphic2723 = mkAdj1 "graphic" ; -lin grasp2724 = noun "grasp" ; -lin grasp2725 = verb2 "grasp" "" ; -lin grass2726 = noun "grass" ; -lin grateful2727 = aGen "grateful" ; -lin grateful2728 = aGen "grateful" ; -lin grateful2729 = aGen "grateful" ; -lin gratuitous2730 = mkAdj1 "gratuitous" ; -lin grave2731 = noun "grave" ; -lin gravitation2732 = noun "gravitation" ; -lin gravity2733 = noun "gravity" ; -lin gravy2734 = noun "gravy" ; -lin gray2735 = aGen "gray" ; -lin grease2736 = noun "grease" ; -lin great2738 = aGen "great" ; -lin greece2739 = noun "greece" ; -lin greed2740 = noun "greed" ; -lin greek2741 = mkAdj1 "greek" ; -lin greek2742 = noun "greek" ; -lin green2743 = noun "green" ; -lin greet2744 = verb2 "greet" "" ; -lin gregarious2745 = mkAdj1 "gregarious" ; -lin grey2747 = aGen "grey" ; -lin grid2748 = noun "grid" ; -lin grief2749 = noun "grief" ; -lin grieve2750 = vGen "grieve" ; -lin grill2751 = verb2 "grill" "" ; -lin grim2752 = aGen "grim" ; -lin grime2753 = noun "grime" ; -lin grin2754 = noun "grin" ; -lin grin2755 = verb2 "grin" "" ; -lin grind2756 = verb2 "grind" "" ; -lin grip2757 = noun "grip" ; -lin grip2758 = verb2 "grip" "" ; -lin grit2759 = noun "grit" ; -lin grog2760 = noun "grog" ; -lin gross2761 = aGen "gross" ; -lin ground2762 = noun "ground" ; -lin group2765 = noun "group" ; -lin group2766 = verb2 "group" "" ; -lin grove2767 = noun "grove" ; -lin grow2768 = verb2 "grow" "" ; -lin grow2769 = verb2 "grow" "" ; -lin growth2773 = noun "growth" ; -lin guarantee2774 = noun "guarantee" ; -lin guarantee2775 = verb2 "guarantee" "" ; -lin guard2776 = noun "guard" ; -lin guard2777 = verb2 "guard" "" ; -lin guess2778 = noun "guess" ; -lin guess2779 = verb2 "guess" "" ; -lin guest2780 = noun "guest" ; -lin guide2781 = noun "guide" ; -lin guide2782 = verb2 "guide" "" ; -lin guideline2783 = noun "guideline" ; -lin guilt2784 = noun "guilt" ; -lin guinea2785 = noun "guinea" ; -lin guise2786 = noun "guise" ; -lin gun2787 = noun "gun" ; -lin habit2788 = noun "habit" ; -lin habitual2789 = mkAdj1 "habitual" ; -lin hail2796 = noun "hail" ; -lin hair2797 = noun "hair" ; -lin half2798 = mkAdv "half" ; -lin half2799 = mkAdj1 "half" ; -lin half2800 = noun "half" ; -lin half2801 = aGen "half" ; -lin hall2802 = noun "hall" ; -lin halt2803 = noun "halt" ; -lin halt2804 = verb2 "halt" "" ; -lin halt2805 = verb2 "halt" "" ; -lin halve2806 = verb2 "halve" "" ; -lin hamburger2808 = noun "hamburger" ; -lin hammer2809 = noun "hammer" ; -lin hammer2810 = verb2 "hammer" "" ; -lin hamper2811 = verb2 "hamper" "" ; -lin hand2812 = noun "hand" ; -lin hand2813 = verb3 "hand" "" "" ; -lin hand2814 = verb3 "hand" "" "to" ; -lin handicap2815 = noun "handicap" ; -lin handicap2816 = verb2 "handicap" "" ; -lin handkerchief2817 = noun "handkerchief" ; -lin handle2818 = noun "handle" ; -lin handle2819 = verb2 "handle" "" ; -lin handsome2820 = mkAdj1 "handsome" ; -lin hang2821 = verb2 "hang" "" ; -lin hang2822 = verb2 "hang" "" ; -lin happen2823 = vGen "happen" ; -lin happen2824 = verb2 "happen" "" ; -lin happening2825 = noun "happening" ; -lin happy2826 = aGen "happy" ; -lin happy2827 = aGen "happy" ; -lin harbour2828 = noun "harbour" ; -lin hard2829 = aGen "hard" ; -lin hard2830 = aGen "hard" ; -lin hardly2831 = mkAdv "hardly" ; -lin hardware2832 = noun "hardware" ; -lin harm2833 = noun "harm" ; -lin harm2834 = verb2 "harm" "" ; -lin harmonium2835 = noun "harmonium" ; -lin harmony2836 = noun "harmony" ; -lin harness2837 = noun "harness" ; -lin harness2838 = verb3 "harness" "" "to" ; -lin hash2842 = noun "hash" ; -lin hash2843 = verb2 "hash" "" ; -lin haste2847 = noun "haste" ; -lin hasty2848 = mkAdj1 "hasty" ; -lin hat2849 = noun "hat" ; -lin hate2850 = verb2 "hate" "" ; -lin hatred2851 = noun "hatred" ; -lin have2852 = verb2 "have" "" ; -lin have2853 = verb2 "have" "" ; -lin haven2854 = noun "haven" ; -lin having2857 = vGen "having" ; -lin hazard2858 = noun "hazard" ; -lin haze2859 = noun "haze" ; -lin he2860 = noun "he" ; -lin head2861 = noun "head" ; -lin head2862 = verb2 "head" "" ; -lin heading2863 = noun "heading" ; -lin heal2864 = verb2 "heal" "" ; -lin health2865 = noun "health" ; -lin healthy2866 = aGen "healthy" ; -lin heap2867 = noun "heap" ; -lin hear2868 = verb2 "hear" "" ; -lin heart2871 = noun "heart" ; -lin hearth2872 = noun "hearth" ; -lin heat2873 = vGen "heat" ; -lin heath2874 = noun "heath" ; -lin heathen2875 = noun "heathen" ; -lin heave2876 = verb2 "heave" "" ; -lin heaven2877 = noun "heaven" ; -lin heavy2878 = aGen "heavy" ; -lin heel2879 = noun "heel" ; -lin height2880 = noun "height" ; -lin helicopter2883 = noun "helicopter" ; -lin help2884 = noun "help" ; -lin help2885 = verb2 "help" "" ; -lin hemlock2886 = noun "hemlock" ; -lin hen2887 = noun "hen" ; -lin her2890 = noun "her" ; -lin herd2891 = noun "herd" ; -lin herring2893 = noun "herring" ; -lin herself2895 = aGen "herself" ; -lin heterogeneity2896 = noun "heterogeneity" ; -lin heterogeneous2897 = mkAdj1 "heterogeneous" ; -lin heuristic2898 = mkAdj1 "heuristic" ; -lin heuristic2899 = noun "heuristic" ; -lin heuristically2900 = mkAdv "heuristically" ; -lin hide2905 = verb2 "hide" "" ; -lin hide2906 = verb2 "hide" "" ; -lin hierarchy2907 = noun "hierarchy" ; -lin high2908 = aGen "high" ; -lin highlight2909 = noun "highlight" ; -lin highlight2910 = verb2 "highlight" "" ; -lin hill2911 = noun "hill" ; -lin him2912 = noun "him" ; -lin hind2914 = mkAdj1 "hind" ; -lin hinder2915 = verb2 "hinder" "" ; -lin hindrance2916 = noun "hindrance" ; -lin hinge2917 = noun "hinge" ; -lin hint2918 = noun "hint" ; -lin hint2919 = verb2 "hint" "at" ; -lin hire2920 = verb2 "hire" "" ; -lin history2923 = noun "history" ; -lin hit2924 = verb2 "hit" "" ; -lin hit2925 = verb2 "hit" "" ; -lin hit2926 = verb2 "hit" "" ; -lin hitherto2928 = mkAdv "hitherto" ; -lin hoax2929 = noun "hoax" ; -lin hoax2930 = verb2 "hoax" "" ; -lin hold2931 = verb2 "hold" "" ; -lin hole2932 = noun "hole" ; -lin holiday2933 = noun "holiday" ; -lin hollow2934 = aGen "hollow" ; -lin holy2935 = aGen "holy" ; -lin home2936 = noun "home" ; -lin homogeneous2937 = mkAdj1 "homogeneous" ; -lin homomorphism2938 = noun "homomorphism" ; -lin hone2939 = verb2 "hone" "" ; -lin honest2940 = mkAdj1 "honest" ; -lin honesty2941 = noun "honesty" ; -lin honey2942 = noun "honey" ; -lin honour2944 = noun "honour" ; -lin honour2945 = verb2 "honour" "" ; -lin honourable2946 = mkAdj1 "honourable" ; -lin hook2948 = noun "hook" ; -lin hook2949 = verb2 "hook" "" ; -lin hop2950 = noun "hop" ; -lin hop2951 = verb2 "hop" "" ; -lin hope2952 = noun "hope" ; -lin hope2953 = verb2 "hope" "for" ; -lin hope2954 = verb2 "hope" "" ; -lin horizon2955 = noun "horizon" ; -lin horizontal2956 = mkAdj1 "horizontal" ; -lin horn2957 = noun "horn" ; -lin horrendous2958 = mkAdj1 "horrendous" ; -lin horrible2959 = mkAdj1 "horrible" ; -lin horrify2960 = verb2 "horrify" "" ; -lin horror2961 = noun "horror" ; -lin horse2962 = noun "horse" ; -lin hospitable2963 = aGen "hospitable" ; -lin hospitable2964 = aGen "hospitable" ; -lin hospital2965 = noun "hospital" ; -lin hospitality2966 = noun "hospitality" ; -lin host2967 = noun "host" ; -lin host2968 = verb2 "host" "" ; -lin hot2969 = aGen "hot" ; -lin hotel2970 = noun "hotel" ; -lin hour2971 = noun "hour" ; -lin house2972 = noun "house" ; -lin house2973 = verb2 "house" "" ; -lin household2974 = mkAdj1 "household" ; -lin household2975 = noun "household" ; -lin huge2980 = aGen "huge" ; -lin hum2981 = noun "hum" ; -lin hum2982 = verb2 "hum" "" ; -lin human2983 = mkAdj1 "human" ; -lin human2984 = noun "human" ; -lin humble2985 = aGen "humble" ; -lin humility2986 = noun "humility" ; -lin humor2987 = noun "humor" ; -lin humour2988 = noun "humour" ; -lin hunch2989 = verb2 "hunch" "" ; -lin hundred2990 = noun "hundred" ; -lin hundred2991 = noun "hundred" ; -lin hundredth2992 = aGen "hundredth" ; -lin hunger2994 = noun "hunger" ; -lin hunger2995 = verb2 "hunger" "for" ; -lin hungry2996 = aGen "hungry" ; -lin hungry2997 = aGen "hungry" ; -lin hunt2998 = noun "hunt" ; -lin hunt2999 = verb2 "hunt" "" ; -lin huntsman3000 = noun "huntsman" ; -lin hurry3002 = vGen "hurry" ; -lin hurry3003 = noun "hurry" ; -lin hurt3006 = verb2 "hurt" "" ; -lin hurt3007 = verb2 "hurt" "" ; -lin hurt3008 = vGen "hurt" ; -lin hurt3009 = vGen "hurt" ; -lin husband3010 = noun "husband" ; -lin hut3011 = noun "hut" ; -lin hybrid3012 = mkAdj1 "hybrid" ; -lin hydrogen3013 = noun "hydrogen" ; -lin hygiene3014 = noun "hygiene" ; -lin hypotheses3015 = noun "hypotheses" ; -lin hypothesis3016 = noun "hypothesis" ; -lin hypothesize3017 = verb2 "hypothesize" "" ; -lin hypothetical3018 = mkAdj1 "hypothetical" ; -lin i3019 = noun "i" ; -lin ice3021 = noun "ice" ; -lin iceland3022 = noun "iceland" ; -lin icelandic3023 = mkAdj1 "icelandic" ; -lin icon3024 = noun "icon" ; -lin idea3025 = noun "idea" ; -lin ideal3026 = mkAdj1 "ideal" ; -lin identical3027 = aGen "identical" ; -lin identical3028 = aGen "identical" ; -lin identify3029 = verb2 "identify" "" ; -lin identity3030 = noun "identity" ; -lin idiocy3031 = noun "idiocy" ; -lin idiom3032 = noun "idiom" ; -lin idiomatic3033 = mkAdj1 "idiomatic" ; -lin idiot3034 = noun "idiot" ; -lin idle3035 = aGen "idle" ; -lin idle3036 = verb2 "idle" "" ; -lin ignore3039 = verb2 "ignore" "" ; -lin ill3040 = aGen "ill" ; -lin illegal3041 = mkAdj1 "illegal" ; -lin illegitimacy3042 = noun "illegitimacy" ; -lin illegitimate3043 = mkAdj1 "illegitimate" ; -lin illocutionary3044 = mkAdj1 "illocutionary" ; -lin illogical3045 = mkAdj1 "illogical" ; -lin illuminate3046 = verb2 "illuminate" "" ; -lin illusion3047 = noun "illusion" ; -lin illusory3048 = mkAdj1 "illusory" ; -lin illustrate3049 = vGen "illustrate" ; -lin image3050 = noun "image" ; -lin imaginary3051 = mkAdj1 "imaginary" ; -lin imagine3052 = verb2 "imagine" "" ; -lin imagine3053 = verb2 "imagine" "" ; -lin imbalance3054 = noun "imbalance" ; -lin imitate3055 = vGen "imitate" ; -lin immaterial3056 = mkAdj1 "immaterial" ; -lin immediacy3057 = noun "immediacy" ; -lin immediate3058 = mkAdj1 "immediate" ; -lin immense3059 = mkAdj1 "immense" ; -lin immigrant3060 = noun "immigrant" ; -lin immigration3061 = noun "immigration" ; -lin immoderate3062 = mkAdj1 "immoderate" ; -lin immodest3063 = mkAdj1 "immodest" ; -lin immodesty3064 = noun "immodesty" ; -lin immune3065 = mkAdj2 "immune" "to" ; -lin impair3066 = verb2 "impair" "" ; -lin impart3067 = verb3 "impart" "" "to" ; -lin impartial3068 = mkAdj1 "impartial" ; -lin impatience3069 = noun "impatience" ; -lin impatient3070 = aGen "impatient" ; -lin impatient3071 = aGen "impatient" ; -lin impenetrable3072 = mkAdj1 "impenetrable" ; -lin imperative3073 = aGen "imperative" ; -lin imperative3074 = aGen "imperative" ; -lin imperfect3075 = mkAdj1 "imperfect" ; -lin imperfection3076 = noun "imperfection" ; -lin imperial3077 = mkAdj1 "imperial" ; -lin imperious3078 = mkAdj1 "imperious" ; -lin impersonal3079 = mkAdj1 "impersonal" ; -lin impertinent3080 = mkAdj1 "impertinent" ; -lin impinge3081 = verb2 "impinge" "on" ; -lin implausible3082 = mkAdj1 "implausible" ; -lin implement3083 = verb2 "implement" "" ; -lin implicate3084 = verb2 "implicate" "" ; -lin implicature3085 = noun "implicature" ; -lin implicit3086 = aGen "implicit" ; -lin implicit3087 = aGen "implicit" ; -lin imply3088 = verb2 "imply" "" ; -lin impolite3089 = aGen "impolite" ; -lin impolite3090 = aGen "impolite" ; -lin import3091 = noun "import" ; -lin import3092 = verb2 "import" "" ; -lin importance3093 = noun "importance" ; -lin important3094 = aGen "important" ; -lin important3095 = aGen "important" ; -lin important3096 = aGen "important" ; -lin impose3097 = verb3 "impose" "" "on" ; -lin imposition3098 = noun "imposition" ; -lin impossible3099 = aGen "impossible" ; -lin impossible3100 = aGen "impossible" ; -lin impossible3101 = aGen "impossible" ; -lin impossible3102 = aGen "impossible" ; -lin imprecise3103 = mkAdj1 "imprecise" ; -lin imprecision3104 = noun "imprecision" ; -lin impress3105 = verb2 "impress" "" ; -lin improbable3106 = mkAdj1 "improbable" ; -lin improve3107 = vGen "improve" ; -lin impure3108 = aGen "impure" ; -lin inability3115 = noun "inability" ; -lin inaccuracy3116 = noun "inaccuracy" ; -lin inactive3117 = mkAdj1 "inactive" ; -lin inadequacy3118 = noun "inadequacy" ; -lin inadequecy3119 = noun "inadequecy" ; -lin incapacitate3120 = vGen "incapacitate" ; -lin incarnation3121 = noun "incarnation" ; -lin inch3122 = noun "inch" ; -lin incident3123 = noun "incident" ; -lin incidental3124 = mkAdj1 "incidental" ; -lin incisive3125 = mkAdj1 "incisive" ; -lin incline3126 = verb2 "incline" "" ; -lin inclined3127 = mkAdj2 "inclined" "to" ; -lin include3128 = verb2 "include" "" ; -lin inclusion3130 = noun "inclusion" ; -lin inclusive3131 = mkAdj1 "inclusive" ; -lin incoherence3132 = noun "incoherence" ; -lin income3133 = noun "income" ; -lin inconceivable3134 = aGen "inconceivable" ; -lin inconsistency3135 = noun "inconsistency" ; -lin incontestable3136 = aGen "incontestable" ; -lin incontestable3137 = aGen "incontestable" ; -lin inconvenience3138 = noun "inconvenience" ; -lin inconvenience3139 = verb2 "inconvenience" "" ; -lin incorporate3140 = vGen "incorporate" ; -lin incorporate3141 = verb2 "incorporate" "" ; -lin incorrigible3142 = mkAdj1 "incorrigible" ; -lin increase3143 = noun "increase" ; -lin increase3144 = verb2 "increase" "" ; -lin increase3145 = verb2 "increase" "" ; -lin increment3146 = noun "increment" ; -lin increment3147 = verb2 "increment" "" ; -lin incur3148 = verb2 "incur" "" ; -lin indeed3149 = mkAdv "indeed" ; -lin indefinite3150 = aGen "indefinite" ; -lin independence3151 = noun "independence" ; -lin independent3152 = mkAdj1 "independent" ; -lin indeterminacy3153 = noun "indeterminacy" ; -lin index3154 = noun "index" ; -lin index3155 = verb2 "index" "" ; -lin india3156 = noun "india" ; -lin indian3157 = aGen "indian" ; -lin indicate3158 = verb2 "indicate" "" ; -lin indigestion3160 = noun "indigestion" ; -lin indirect3161 = mkAdj1 "indirect" ; -lin indiscriminate3162 = mkAdj1 "indiscriminate" ; -lin indistinguishable3163 = aGen "indistinguishable" ; -lin individual3164 = mkAdj1 "individual" ; -lin individual3165 = noun "individual" ; -lin indoor3166 = mkAdj1 "indoor" ; -lin induce3167 = verb2 "induce" "" ; -lin induct3168 = verb2 "induct" "" ; -lin indulge3169 = verb2 "indulge" "in" ; -lin indulgent3170 = mkAdj1 "indulgent" ; -lin industry3171 = noun "industry" ; -lin inescapable3172 = mkAdj1 "inescapable" ; -lin inevitable3173 = mkAdj1 "inevitable" ; -lin infect3174 = verb2 "infect" "" ; -lin infection3175 = noun "infection" ; -lin infectious3176 = mkAdj1 "infectious" ; -lin infer3177 = verb3 "infer" "" "from" ; -lin inference3178 = noun "inference" ; -lin inferior3179 = mkAdj2 "inferior" "" ; -lin inferior3180 = mkAdj2 "inferior" "to" ; -lin infinite3181 = mkAdj1 "infinite" ; -lin infinitesimal3182 = mkAdj1 "infinitesimal" ; -lin infinitive3183 = mkAdj1 "infinitive" ; -lin infix3184 = noun "infix" ; -lin inflate3185 = verb2 "inflate" "" ; -lin inflation3186 = noun "inflation" ; -lin inflect3187 = vGen "inflect" ; -lin influence3188 = noun "influence" ; -lin influence3189 = verb2 "influence" "" ; -lin inform3190 = verb3 "inform" "" "" ; -lin informal3191 = mkAdj1 "informal" ; -lin informant3192 = noun "informant" ; -lin information3193 = noun "information" ; -lin ingenious3195 = mkAdj1 "ingenious" ; -lin ingenuity3196 = noun "ingenuity" ; -lin ingredient3197 = noun "ingredient" ; -lin inhabit3198 = verb2 "inhabit" "" ; -lin inherent3199 = aGen "inherent" ; -lin inherent3200 = aGen "inherent" ; -lin inherit3201 = verb3 "inherit" "" "from" ; -lin inheritance3202 = noun "inheritance" ; -lin inhibit3203 = vGen "inhibit" ; -lin initial3204 = mkAdj1 "initial" ; -lin initialize3205 = verb2 "initialize" "" ; -lin initiate3206 = vGen "initiate" ; -lin inject3207 = verb3 "inject" "" "with" ; -lin injunction3208 = noun "injunction" ; -lin injure3209 = verb2 "injure" "" ; -lin injury3210 = noun "injury" ; -lin ink3211 = noun "ink" ; -lin inn3212 = noun "inn" ; -lin innate3213 = aGen "innate" ; -lin innate3214 = aGen "innate" ; -lin inner3215 = mkAdj1 "inner" ; -lin innermost3216 = aGen "innermost" ; -lin innocuous3217 = mkAdj1 "innocuous" ; -lin innovation3218 = noun "innovation" ; -lin input3219 = noun "input" ; -lin inquire3220 = verb2 "inquire" "about" ; -lin inquire3221 = verb3 "inquire" "" "" ; -lin inquiry3222 = noun "inquiry" ; -lin inscribe3223 = verb2 "inscribe" "" ; -lin inscription3224 = noun "inscription" ; -lin insect3225 = noun "insect" ; -lin insert3226 = verb2 "insert" "" ; -lin inside3228 = noun "inside" ; -lin insight3229 = noun "insight" ; -lin insist3230 = verb2 "insist" "" ; -lin insistence3231 = noun "insistence" ; -lin insistence3232 = noun "insistence" ; -lin insistent3233 = aGen "insistent" ; -lin inspect3234 = verb2 "inspect" "" ; -lin inspector3235 = noun "inspector" ; -lin inspire3236 = verb2 "inspire" "" ; -lin instability3237 = noun "instability" ; -lin install3238 = verb2 "install" "" ; -lin instance3239 = noun "instance" ; -lin instant3240 = noun "instant" ; -lin instantiate3241 = verb2 "instantiate" "" ; -lin instantly3242 = mkAdv "instantly" ; -lin instigate3244 = vGen "instigate" ; -lin instil3245 = verb3 "instil" "" "in" ; -lin instinct3246 = noun "instinct" ; -lin institute3247 = vGen "institute" ; -lin institute3248 = noun "institute" ; -lin institution3249 = noun "institution" ; -lin instruct3250 = verb2 "instruct" "" ; -lin instrument3251 = noun "instrument" ; -lin insulate3252 = verb3 "insulate" "" "from" ; -lin insult3253 = noun "insult" ; -lin insult3254 = verb2 "insult" "" ; -lin insurance3255 = noun "insurance" ; -lin insure3256 = verb2 "insure" "" ; -lin intact3257 = mkAdj1 "intact" ; -lin integer3258 = noun "integer" ; -lin integral3259 = mkAdj1 "integral" ; -lin integrate3260 = vGen "integrate" ; -lin intellectual3261 = mkAdj1 "intellectual" ; -lin intelligence3262 = noun "intelligence" ; -lin intelligent3263 = mkAdj1 "intelligent" ; -lin intelligible3264 = mkAdj1 "intelligible" ; -lin intend3265 = verb2 "intend" "" ; -lin intense3266 = mkAdj1 "intense" ; -lin intension3267 = noun "intension" ; -lin intention3268 = noun "intention" ; -lin inter3270 = verb2 "inter" "" ; -lin interdisciplinary3271 = mkAdj1 "interdisciplinary" ; -lin interest3272 = noun "interest" ; -lin interest3273 = verb2 "interest" "" ; -lin interface3274 = noun "interface" ; -lin interfere3275 = verb2 "interfere" "with" ; -lin interference3276 = noun "interference" ; -lin interject3277 = vGen "interject" ; -lin intermediate3278 = mkAdj1 "intermediate" ; -lin internal3279 = mkAdj1 "internal" ; -lin international3280 = mkAdj1 "international" ; -lin interpolate3281 = vGen "interpolate" ; -lin interpret3282 = verb2 "interpret" "" ; -lin interrogate3284 = vGen "interrogate" ; -lin interrogative3285 = mkAdj1 "interrogative" ; -lin interrupt3286 = vGen "interrupt" ; -lin intersect3287 = vGen "intersect" ; -lin interval3288 = noun "interval" ; -lin intervene3289 = verb2 "intervene" "" ; -lin intimacy3290 = noun "intimacy" ; -lin intimate3291 = mkAdj1 "intimate" ; -lin intimate3292 = vGen "intimate" ; -lin intonation3294 = noun "intonation" ; -lin intractable3296 = mkAdj1 "intractable" ; -lin intransitive3297 = mkAdj1 "intransitive" ; -lin intravenous3298 = mkAdj1 "intravenous" ; -lin intricacy3299 = noun "intricacy" ; -lin intricate3300 = mkAdj1 "intricate" ; -lin intrigue3301 = noun "intrigue" ; -lin intrigue3302 = verb2 "intrigue" "" ; -lin intrinsic3303 = mkAdj1 "intrinsic" ; -lin intrinsically3304 = mkAdv "intrinsically" ; -lin introduce3305 = verb3 "introduce" "" "to" ; -lin introduction3306 = noun "introduction" ; -lin introspection3307 = noun "introspection" ; -lin introspective3308 = mkAdj1 "introspective" ; -lin intrude3309 = vGen "intrude" ; -lin intrusion3310 = noun "intrusion" ; -lin intuition3311 = noun "intuition" ; -lin intuitive3312 = mkAdj1 "intuitive" ; -lin invade3313 = verb2 "invade" "" ; -lin invalid3314 = noun "invalid" ; -lin invalidate3315 = verb2 "invalidate" "" ; -lin invaluable3316 = mkAdj1 "invaluable" ; -lin invariable3317 = mkAdj1 "invariable" ; -lin invariant3318 = mkAdj1 "invariant" ; -lin invasion3319 = noun "invasion" ; -lin invent3320 = verb2 "invent" "" ; -lin inverse3321 = mkAdj1 "inverse" ; -lin inversion3322 = noun "inversion" ; -lin invert3323 = verb2 "invert" "" ; -lin invest3324 = verb3 "invest" "" "with" ; -lin investigate3325 = verb2 "investigate" "" ; -lin invisible3326 = aGen "invisible" ; -lin invisible3327 = aGen "invisible" ; -lin invite3328 = verb3 "invite" "" "to" ; -lin invocation3329 = noun "invocation" ; -lin invoke3330 = verb2 "invoke" "" ; -lin involve3331 = verb2 "involve" "" ; -lin ireland3334 = noun "ireland" ; -lin irish3335 = mkAdj1 "irish" ; -lin iron3336 = noun "iron" ; -lin iron3337 = verb2 "iron" "" ; -lin irony3338 = noun "irony" ; -lin irrational3339 = mkAdj1 "irrational" ; -lin irregular3340 = mkAdj1 "irregular" ; -lin irrelevant3341 = mkAdj1 "irrelevant" ; -lin irremediable3342 = mkAdj1 "irremediable" ; -lin irrespective3343 = mkAdj2 "irrespective" "of" ; -lin irretrievable3344 = mkAdj1 "irretrievable" ; -lin irritant3345 = noun "irritant" ; -lin irritate3346 = vGen "irritate" ; -lin island3352 = noun "island" ; -lin isolable3356 = mkAdj1 "isolable" ; -lin isolate3357 = verb2 "isolate" "" ; -lin isomorphic3358 = mkAdj1 "isomorphic" ; -lin issue3359 = vGen "issue" ; -lin issue3360 = noun "issue" ; -lin it3362 = noun "it" ; -lin it3363 = noun "it" ; -lin italy3364 = noun "italy" ; -lin item3365 = noun "item" ; -lin itemize3366 = verb2 "itemize" "" ; -lin iterate3367 = verb2 "iterate" "" ; -lin itself3369 = noun "itself" ; -lin january3374 = noun "january" ; -lin japan3375 = noun "japan" ; -lin japanese3376 = mkAdj1 "japanese" ; -lin jaundice3377 = noun "jaundice" ; -lin jaundiced3378 = mkAdj1 "jaundiced" ; -lin jaw3379 = noun "jaw" ; -lin jealous3380 = aGen "jealous" ; -lin jealous3381 = aGen "jealous" ; -lin jealousy3382 = noun "jealousy" ; -lin jew3383 = noun "jew" ; -lin jewel3384 = noun "jewel" ; -lin jeweller3385 = noun "jeweller" ; -lin jewellery3386 = noun "jewellery" ; -lin job3387 = noun "job" ; -lin john3388 = noun "john" ; -lin join3389 = verb3 "join" "" "to" ; -lin joint3390 = noun "joint" ; -lin joke3391 = noun "joke" ; -lin joke3392 = verb2 "joke" "" ; -lin journal3393 = noun "journal" ; -lin journalism3394 = noun "journalism" ; -lin journalist3395 = noun "journalist" ; -lin journey3396 = noun "journey" ; -lin joy3397 = noun "joy" ; -lin judge3398 = noun "judge" ; -lin judge3399 = verb2 "judge" "" ; -lin judge3400 = verb3 "judge" "" "" ; -lin judgment3401 = noun "judgment" ; -lin judicious3402 = mkAdj1 "judicious" ; -lin juggle3403 = verb2 "juggle" "" ; -lin juggle3404 = verb2 "juggle" "" ; -lin juice3405 = noun "juice" ; -lin july3406 = noun "july" ; -lin jumble3407 = verb2 "jumble" "" ; -lin jump3408 = vGen "jump" ; -lin jump3409 = noun "jump" ; -lin june3410 = noun "june" ; -lin junk3411 = noun "junk" ; -lin just3412 = mkAdj1 "just" ; -lin justice3413 = noun "justice" ; -lin justify3414 = verb2 "justify" "" ; -lin juxtapose3415 = verb2 "juxtapose" "" ; -lin juxtaposition3416 = noun "juxtaposition" ; -lin keen3417 = aGen "keen" ; -lin keen3418 = aGen "keen" ; -lin keen3419 = aGen "keen" ; -lin keep3420 = verb2 "keep" "" ; -lin kennel3421 = noun "kennel" ; -lin kettle3424 = noun "kettle" ; -lin key3425 = noun "key" ; -lin kick3426 = noun "kick" ; -lin kick3427 = verb2 "kick" "" ; -lin kidney3428 = noun "kidney" ; -lin kill3429 = verb2 "kill" "" ; -lin kill3430 = verb3 "kill" "" "" ; -lin kilogram3431 = noun "kilogram" ; -lin kilometre3432 = noun "kilometre" ; -lin kim3433 = noun "kim" ; -lin kind3434 = noun "kind" ; -lin kind3435 = aGen "kind" ; -lin kind3436 = aGen "kind" ; -lin king3437 = noun "king" ; -lin kingdom3438 = noun "kingdom" ; -lin kiss3439 = noun "kiss" ; -lin kiss3440 = verb2 "kiss" "" ; -lin kiss3441 = verb2 "kiss" "" ; -lin kitchen3442 = noun "kitchen" ; -lin knee3443 = noun "knee" ; -lin kneel3444 = verb2 "kneel" "" ; -lin knife3448 = noun "knife" ; -lin knob3450 = noun "knob" ; -lin knock3451 = noun "knock" ; -lin knock3452 = verb2 "knock" "" ; -lin knock3453 = verb2 "knock" "" ; -lin knocker3454 = noun "knocker" ; -lin knot3455 = noun "knot" ; -lin knot3456 = verb2 "knot" "" ; -lin know3457 = verb2 "know" "" ; -lin knowledge3458 = noun "knowledge" ; -lin knowledge3459 = noun "knowledge" ; -lin label3461 = noun "label" ; -lin label3462 = verb2 "label" "" ; -lin laboratory3463 = noun "laboratory" ; -lin laborious3464 = mkAdj1 "laborious" ; -lin labour3465 = noun "labour" ; -lin labour3466 = verb2 "labour" "" ; -lin lace3467 = noun "lace" ; -lin lace3468 = verb2 "lace" "" ; -lin lack3469 = noun "lack" ; -lin lack3470 = verb2 "lack" "" ; -lin lacuna3471 = noun "lacuna" ; -lin ladder3472 = noun "ladder" ; -lin lady3473 = noun "lady" ; -lin lake3477 = noun "lake" ; -lin lamb3478 = noun "lamb" ; -lin lament3479 = noun "lament" ; -lin lament3480 = verb2 "lament" "" ; -lin lamp3481 = noun "lamp" ; -lin land3482 = noun "land" ; -lin land3483 = verb2 "land" "" ; -lin lane3484 = noun "lane" ; -lin language3485 = noun "language" ; -lin lapse3486 = verb2 "lapse" "" ; -lin large3487 = aGen "large" ; -lin last3488 = mkAdj1 "last" ; -lin last3489 = vGen "last" ; -lin late3490 = aGen "late" ; -lin lately3491 = mkAdv "lately" ; -lin latitude3492 = noun "latitude" ; -lin latter3493 = aGen "latter" ; -lin lattice3494 = noun "lattice" ; -lin laugh3495 = noun "laugh" ; -lin laugh3496 = verb2 "laugh" "at" ; -lin laughter3497 = noun "laughter" ; -lin law3498 = noun "law" ; -lin lawn3499 = noun "lawn" ; -lin lawyer3500 = noun "lawyer" ; -lin lax3501 = aGen "lax" ; -lin lay3503 = verb3 "lay" "" "loc" ; -lin layer3504 = noun "layer" ; -lin layer3505 = verb2 "layer" "" ; -lin laze3506 = verb2 "laze" "" ; -lin lazy3507 = aGen "lazy" ; -lin lead3508 = noun "lead" ; -lin lead3509 = verb2 "lead" "" ; -lin leaf3510 = noun "leaf" ; -lin league3511 = noun "league" ; -lin lean3512 = verb2 "lean" "on" ; -lin leap3515 = vGen "leap" ; -lin learn3516 = verb2 "learn" "" ; -lin leather3520 = noun "leather" ; -lin leave3521 = verb2 "leave" "" ; -lin leave3522 = verb2 "leave" "" ; -lin lecture3524 = noun "lecture" ; -lin lecture3525 = verb2 "lecture" "" ; -lin lee3528 = noun "lee" ; -lin left3529 = mkAdj1 "left" ; -lin leftmost3534 = aGen "leftmost" ; -lin leftward3535 = mkAdj1 "leftward" ; -lin leg3536 = noun "leg" ; -lin legacy3537 = noun "legacy" ; -lin legal3538 = mkAdj1 "legal" ; -lin legible3539 = mkAdj1 "legible" ; -lin legitimate3540 = mkAdj1 "legitimate" ; -lin legitimize3541 = verb2 "legitimize" "" ; -lin lemon3542 = noun "lemon" ; -lin lend3543 = verb3 "lend" "" "to" ; -lin length3544 = noun "length" ; -lin lengthen3545 = verb2 "lengthen" "" ; -lin lesson3549 = noun "lesson" ; -lin let3550 = verb2 "let" "" ; -lin let3551 = verb2 "let" "" ; -lin let3552 = verb2 "let" "" ; -lin lethal3553 = mkAdj1 "lethal" ; -lin letter3554 = noun "letter" ; -lin level3555 = mkAdj1 "level" ; -lin level3556 = noun "level" ; -lin level3557 = verb2 "level" "" ; -lin lexical3558 = mkAdj1 "lexical" ; -lin lexicalist3559 = mkAdj1 "lexicalist" ; -lin lexicon3560 = noun "lexicon" ; -lin liable3561 = mkAdj2 "liable" "" ; -lin liable3562 = mkAdj2 "liable" "to" ; -lin liable3563 = mkAdj2 "liable" "" ; -lin liar3564 = noun "liar" ; -lin liberal3565 = mkAdj1 "liberal" ; -lin liberate3566 = vGen "liberate" ; -lin libertine3567 = noun "libertine" ; -lin liberty3568 = noun "liberty" ; -lin library3569 = noun "library" ; -lin licence3570 = noun "licence" ; -lin license3571 = verb2 "license" "" ; -lin lid3572 = noun "lid" ; -lin lie3573 = vGen "lie" ; -lin lie3574 = verb2 "lie" "" ; -lin life3575 = noun "life" ; -lin lift3576 = noun "lift" ; -lin lift3577 = verb2 "lift" "" ; -lin light3578 = aGen "light" ; -lin light3579 = noun "light" ; -lin light3580 = verb2 "light" "" ; -lin lightning3581 = noun "lightning" ; -lin like3583 = mkAdj1 "like" ; -lin like3584 = verb2 "like" "" ; -lin like3585 = verb2 "like" "" ; -lin like3586 = verb2 "like" "" ; -lin likelihood3587 = noun "likelihood" ; -lin likely3588 = mkAdj2 "likely" "" ; -lin likely3589 = mkAdj2 "likely" "" ; -lin likely3590 = mkAdj2 "likely" "" ; -lin limb3591 = noun "limb" ; -lin lime3592 = noun "lime" ; -lin limit3593 = noun "limit" ; -lin limit3594 = verb2 "limit" "" ; -lin line3595 = noun "line" ; -lin line3596 = verb2 "line" "" ; -lin linear3597 = mkAdj1 "linear" ; -lin linguist3598 = noun "linguist" ; -lin linguistic3599 = mkAdj1 "linguistic" ; -lin linguistics3600 = noun "linguistics" ; -lin link3601 = noun "link" ; -lin link3602 = verb3 "link" "" "to" ; -lin lion3603 = noun "lion" ; -lin lip3604 = noun "lip" ; -lin liquefaction3605 = noun "liquefaction" ; -lin liquefy3606 = vGen "liquefy" ; -lin liquid3607 = mkAdj1 "liquid" ; -lin liquid3608 = noun "liquid" ; -lin lisp3609 = noun "lisp" ; -lin lisp3610 = noun "lisp" ; -lin list3611 = noun "list" ; -lin list3612 = verb2 "list" "" ; -lin listen3613 = verb2 "listen" "to" ; -lin liszt3614 = noun "liszt" ; -lin literal3617 = mkAdj1 "literal" ; -lin literary3618 = mkAdj1 "literary" ; -lin literature3619 = noun "literature" ; -lin litre3620 = noun "litre" ; -lin little3621 = noun "little" ; -lin little3622 = aGen "little" ; -lin live3623 = aGen "live" ; -lin live3624 = verb2 "live" "" ; -lin load3625 = noun "load" ; -lin load3626 = verb2 "load" "" ; -lin loaf3627 = noun "loaf" ; -lin loan3628 = verb3 "loan" "" "to" ; -lin lobster3630 = noun "lobster" ; -lin local3631 = mkAdj1 "local" ; -lin locate3632 = verb2 "locate" "" ; -lin location3633 = noun "location" ; -lin locative3634 = mkAdj1 "locative" ; -lin lock3635 = noun "lock" ; -lin lock3636 = verb2 "lock" "" ; -lin log3637 = noun "log" ; -lin logarithm3638 = noun "logarithm" ; -lin logic3639 = noun "logic" ; -lin loiter3640 = verb2 "loiter" "" ; -lin london3641 = noun "london" ; -lin lonely3642 = aGen "lonely" ; -lin long3643 = mkAdv "long" ; -lin long3644 = aGen "long" ; -lin long3645 = verb2 "long" "for" ; -lin longwinded3646 = mkAdj1 "longwinded" ; -lin look3647 = noun "look" ; -lin look3648 = verb3 "look" "" "" ; -lin look3649 = verb2 "look" "for" ; -lin loop3650 = noun "loop" ; -lin loophole3651 = noun "loophole" ; -lin loose3652 = aGen "loose" ; -lin lord3653 = noun "lord" ; -lin lore3654 = noun "lore" ; -lin lose3655 = verb2 "lose" "" ; -lin loss3656 = noun "loss" ; -lin lot3659 = noun "lot" ; -lin lottery3660 = noun "lottery" ; -lin loud3661 = aGen "loud" ; -lin lounge3662 = verb2 "lounge" "" ; -lin love3663 = noun "love" ; -lin love3664 = verb2 "love" "" ; -lin lovely3665 = aGen "lovely" ; -lin low3666 = aGen "low" ; -lin lower3667 = verb2 "lower" "" ; -lin loyal3668 = aGen "loyal" ; -lin loyal3669 = aGen "loyal" ; -lin loyalty3670 = noun "loyalty" ; -lin luck3671 = noun "luck" ; -lin lump3672 = noun "lump" ; -lin lung3673 = noun "lung" ; -lin lunge3674 = verb2 "lunge" "" ; -lin lurk3675 = verb2 "lurk" "" ; -lin lush3676 = aGen "lush" ; -lin luxury3677 = noun "luxury" ; -lin machine3679 = noun "machine" ; -lin machinery3680 = noun "machinery" ; -lin mad3681 = aGen "mad" ; -lin mad3682 = aGen "mad" ; -lin mad3683 = aGen "mad" ; -lin made3686 = aGen "made" ; -lin magazine3687 = noun "magazine" ; -lin magic3688 = mkAdj1 "magic" ; -lin magic3689 = noun "magic" ; -lin magnet3690 = noun "magnet" ; -lin magnetic3691 = mkAdj1 "magnetic" ; -lin magnitude3692 = noun "magnitude" ; -lin mail3693 = noun "mail" ; -lin mail3694 = verb3 "mail" "" "to" ; -lin main3695 = mkAdj1 "main" ; -lin mainstream3696 = mkAdj1 "mainstream" ; -lin maintain3697 = verb2 "maintain" "" ; -lin maintain3698 = verb2 "maintain" "" ; -lin maintenance3699 = noun "maintenance" ; -lin major3700 = mkAdj1 "major" ; -lin majority3701 = noun "majority" ; -lin make3702 = verb2 "make" "" ; -lin male3703 = mkAdj1 "male" ; -lin malign3704 = verb2 "malign" "" ; -lin malignant3705 = mkAdj1 "malignant" ; -lin mammal3706 = noun "mammal" ; -lin man3707 = noun "man" ; -lin man3708 = verb2 "man" "" ; -lin manage3709 = verb2 "manage" "" ; -lin manage3710 = verb2 "manage" "" ; -lin manager3711 = noun "manager" ; -lin mandatory3712 = mkAdj1 "mandatory" ; -lin manifest3713 = mkAdj1 "manifest" ; -lin manifest3714 = noun "manifest" ; -lin manifest3715 = verb2 "manifest" "" ; -lin manifestation3716 = noun "manifestation" ; -lin manipulate3717 = verb2 "manipulate" "" ; -lin manner3718 = noun "manner" ; -lin manners3719 = noun "manners" ; -lin manoeuvre3720 = noun "manoeuvre" ; -lin manoeuvre3721 = verb2 "manoeuvre" "" ; -lin manoeuvre3722 = verb2 "manoeuvre" "" ; -lin manual3723 = mkAdj1 "manual" ; -lin manual3724 = noun "manual" ; -lin manufacture3725 = verb2 "manufacture" "" ; -lin manuscript3726 = noun "manuscript" ; -lin many3728 = aGen "many" ; -lin map3729 = noun "map" ; -lin map3730 = verb3 "map" "" "to" ; -lin mapping3731 = noun "mapping" ; -lin march3732 = noun "march" ; -lin march3733 = noun "march" ; -lin margin3734 = noun "margin" ; -lin marginal3735 = mkAdj1 "marginal" ; -lin marine3736 = mkAdj1 "marine" ; -lin mark3737 = noun "mark" ; -lin mark3738 = verb2 "mark" "" ; -lin market3739 = noun "market" ; -lin marking3740 = noun "marking" ; -lin marriage3741 = noun "marriage" ; -lin marry3742 = verb2 "marry" "" ; -lin mars3743 = noun "mars" ; -lin mary3744 = noun "mary" ; -lin mass3745 = noun "mass" ; -lin massive3746 = mkAdj1 "massive" ; -lin master3747 = noun "master" ; -lin master3748 = verb2 "master" "" ; -lin mat3749 = noun "mat" ; -lin match3750 = noun "match" ; -lin match3751 = verb2 "match" "" ; -lin material3752 = mkAdj1 "material" ; -lin material3753 = noun "material" ; -lin mathematical3754 = mkAdj1 "mathematical" ; -lin mathematician3755 = noun "mathematician" ; -lin mathematics3756 = noun "mathematics" ; -lin matrix3758 = noun "matrix" ; -lin matter3759 = noun "matter" ; -lin matter3760 = verb2 "matter" "" ; -lin mature3761 = aGen "mature" ; -lin mature3762 = verb2 "mature" "" ; -lin maxim3763 = noun "maxim" ; -lin maximal3764 = mkAdj1 "maximal" ; -lin maximize3765 = verb2 "maximize" "" ; -lin maximum3766 = noun "maximum" ; -lin may3767 = noun "may" ; -lin may3768 = verb3 "may" "" "" ; -lin maybe3769 = mkAdv "maybe" ; -lin mayor3770 = noun "mayor" ; -lin me3771 = noun "me" ; -lin meal3772 = noun "meal" ; -lin mean3773 = aGen "mean" ; -lin mean3774 = verb2 "mean" "" ; -lin mean3775 = verb2 "mean" "" ; -lin meaning3776 = noun "meaning" ; -lin means3777 = noun "means" ; -lin meanwhile3780 = mkAdv "meanwhile" ; -lin measure3781 = noun "measure" ; -lin measure3782 = verb2 "measure" "" ; -lin meat3783 = noun "meat" ; -lin mechanic3784 = vGen "mechanic" ; -lin mechanical3785 = mkAdj1 "mechanical" ; -lin mechanism3786 = noun "mechanism" ; -lin mechanize3787 = verb2 "mechanize" "" ; -lin mediate3788 = vGen "mediate" ; -lin medical3789 = mkAdj1 "medical" ; -lin medicine3790 = noun "medicine" ; -lin medium3791 = mkAdj1 "medium" ; -lin medium3792 = noun "medium" ; -lin meet3793 = verb2 "meet" "" ; -lin meeting3794 = noun "meeting" ; -lin melody3795 = noun "melody" ; -lin melt3796 = vGen "melt" ; -lin member3797 = noun "member" ; -lin memorable3798 = mkAdj1 "memorable" ; -lin memorial3799 = noun "memorial" ; -lin memory3800 = noun "memory" ; -lin memory3801 = noun "memory" ; -lin mend3803 = verb2 "mend" "" ; -lin mental3805 = mkAdj1 "mental" ; -lin mention3806 = noun "mention" ; -lin mention3807 = verb2 "mention" "" ; -lin mercy3808 = noun "mercy" ; -lin mere3809 = aGen "mere" ; -lin merge3810 = verb2 "merge" "" ; -lin merit3811 = noun "merit" ; -lin merry3812 = aGen "merry" ; -lin mess3813 = noun "mess" ; -lin message3814 = noun "message" ; -lin messenger3815 = noun "messenger" ; -lin metal3818 = noun "metal" ; -lin metaphor3819 = noun "metaphor" ; -lin method3820 = noun "method" ; -lin methodical3821 = mkAdj1 "methodical" ; -lin methodology3822 = noun "methodology" ; -lin metre3823 = noun "metre" ; -lin metric3824 = mkAdj1 "metric" ; -lin microbiology3826 = noun "microbiology" ; -lin microphone3827 = noun "microphone" ; -lin microscope3828 = noun "microscope" ; -lin middle3830 = mkAdj1 "middle" ; -lin middle3831 = noun "middle" ; -lin might3832 = verb3 "might" "" "" ; -lin mighty3834 = aGen "mighty" ; -lin migrate3835 = vGen "migrate" ; -lin mild3836 = aGen "mild" ; -lin mile3837 = noun "mile" ; -lin military3838 = mkAdj1 "military" ; -lin milk3839 = noun "milk" ; -lin mill3840 = noun "mill" ; -lin mill3841 = verb2 "mill" "" ; -lin million3842 = noun "million" ; -lin millionth3843 = aGen "millionth" ; -lin mimic3844 = noun "mimic" ; -lin mimic3845 = verb2 "mimic" "" ; -lin mind3846 = noun "mind" ; -lin mind3847 = verb2 "mind" "" ; -lin mind3848 = verb2 "mind" "" ; -lin mine3850 = noun "mine" ; -lin mine3851 = verb2 "mine" "" ; -lin mineral3852 = noun "mineral" ; -lin minim3854 = noun "minim" ; -lin minimal3855 = mkAdj1 "minimal" ; -lin minimize3856 = verb2 "minimize" "" ; -lin minimum3857 = noun "minimum" ; -lin minister3858 = noun "minister" ; -lin ministry3859 = noun "ministry" ; -lin ministry3860 = noun "ministry" ; -lin minor3861 = mkAdj1 "minor" ; -lin minor3862 = noun "minor" ; -lin minute3863 = mkAdj1 "minute" ; -lin minute3864 = noun "minute" ; -lin mirror3865 = noun "mirror" ; -lin miscellaneous3867 = mkAdj1 "miscellaneous" ; -lin misconception3868 = noun "misconception" ; -lin misery3869 = noun "misery" ; -lin mislead3870 = verb2 "mislead" "" ; -lin misled3871 = verb2 "misled" "" ; -lin misled3872 = verb2 "misled" "" ; -lin misplace3873 = verb2 "misplace" "" ; -lin miss3875 = verb2 "miss" "" ; -lin missile3876 = noun "missile" ; -lin mist3877 = noun "mist" ; -lin mistake3878 = noun "mistake" ; -lin mistake3879 = verb3 "mistake" "" "for" ; -lin mix3882 = verb3 "mix" "" "with" ; -lin mixture3883 = noun "mixture" ; -lin mnemonic3884 = mkAdj1 "mnemonic" ; -lin mode3885 = noun "mode" ; -lin model3886 = mkAdj1 "model" ; -lin model3887 = noun "model" ; -lin model3888 = verb2 "model" "" ; -lin moderate3889 = mkAdj1 "moderate" ; -lin moderate3890 = vGen "moderate" ; -lin modern3891 = mkAdj1 "modern" ; -lin modest3892 = mkAdj1 "modest" ; -lin modesty3893 = noun "modesty" ; -lin modify3894 = verb2 "modify" "" ; -lin modular3895 = mkAdj1 "modular" ; -lin module3896 = noun "module" ; -lin molasses3897 = noun "molasses" ; -lin molecular3898 = mkAdj1 "molecular" ; -lin molecule3899 = noun "molecule" ; -lin moment3900 = noun "moment" ; -lin momentary3901 = mkAdj1 "momentary" ; -lin momentous3902 = mkAdj1 "momentous" ; -lin momentum3903 = noun "momentum" ; -lin monday3904 = noun "monday" ; -lin money3905 = noun "money" ; -lin monitor3906 = noun "monitor" ; -lin monitor3907 = verb2 "monitor" "" ; -lin monkey3908 = noun "monkey" ; -lin monotonic3909 = mkAdj1 "monotonic" ; -lin monotonically3910 = mkAdv "monotonically" ; -lin month3911 = noun "month" ; -lin moon3912 = noun "moon" ; -lin moral3913 = mkAdj1 "moral" ; -lin moral3914 = noun "moral" ; -lin more3916 = aGen "more" ; -lin morning3917 = noun "morning" ; -lin morpheme3918 = noun "morpheme" ; -lin morphology3919 = noun "morphology" ; -lin morphosyntactic3920 = mkAdj1 "morphosyntactic" ; -lin mortal3921 = mkAdj1 "mortal" ; -lin mortise3922 = noun "mortise" ; -lin mosque3923 = noun "mosque" ; -lin mosquito3924 = noun "mosquito" ; -lin most3926 = aGen "most" ; -lin mostly3927 = mkAdv "mostly" ; -lin mother3928 = noun "mother" ; -lin motion3929 = noun "motion" ; -lin motivate3930 = verb2 "motivate" "" ; -lin motive3931 = noun "motive" ; -lin motor3932 = noun "motor" ; -lin mould3933 = noun "mould" ; -lin mould3934 = verb2 "mould" "" ; -lin mountain3935 = noun "mountain" ; -lin mouse3936 = noun "mouse" ; -lin mouth3937 = noun "mouth" ; -lin move3938 = vGen "move" ; -lin much3942 = aGen "much" ; -lin mud3943 = noun "mud" ; -lin muesli3944 = noun "muesli" ; -lin multifarious3945 = mkAdj1 "multifarious" ; -lin multiple3946 = mkAdj1 "multiple" ; -lin multiplicity3947 = noun "multiplicity" ; -lin multiply3948 = verb3 "multiply" "" "by" ; -lin multitude3949 = noun "multitude" ; -lin mundane3950 = mkAdj1 "mundane" ; -lin murder3951 = noun "murder" ; -lin muscle3952 = noun "muscle" ; -lin muscular3953 = mkAdj1 "muscular" ; -lin music3954 = noun "music" ; -lin musical3955 = noun "musical" ; -lin must3956 = verb3 "must" "" "" ; -lin mutter3958 = verb2 "mutter" "about" ; -lin mutual3959 = mkAdj1 "mutual" ; -lin mystery3962 = noun "mystery" ; -lin myth3963 = noun "myth" ; -lin mythical3964 = mkAdj1 "mythical" ; -lin mythology3965 = noun "mythology" ; -lin nail3966 = noun "nail" ; -lin naive3967 = mkAdj1 "naive" ; -lin name3968 = noun "name" ; -lin name3969 = verb2 "name" "" ; -lin namely3970 = mkAdv "namely" ; -lin narrow3971 = aGen "narrow" ; -lin narrow3972 = verb2 "narrow" "" ; -lin nasty3973 = aGen "nasty" ; -lin nation3974 = noun "nation" ; -lin native3975 = mkAdj1 "native" ; -lin native3976 = noun "native" ; -lin nature3977 = noun "nature" ; -lin navigator3979 = noun "navigator" ; -lin navy3980 = noun "navy" ; -lin near3981 = aGen "near" ; -lin near3982 = aGen "near" ; -lin neat3984 = aGen "neat" ; -lin necessary3985 = aGen "necessary" ; -lin necessary3986 = aGen "necessary" ; -lin necessary3987 = aGen "necessary" ; -lin necessitate3988 = verb2 "necessitate" "" ; -lin necessity3989 = noun "necessity" ; -lin neck3990 = noun "neck" ; -lin need3991 = noun "need" ; -lin need3992 = verb2 "need" "" ; -lin needle3993 = noun "needle" ; -lin negate3995 = vGen "negate" ; -lin negative3996 = mkAdj1 "negative" ; -lin negative3997 = noun "negative" ; -lin neglect3998 = noun "neglect" ; -lin neglect3999 = verb2 "neglect" "" ; -lin negligence4000 = noun "negligence" ; -lin negligent4001 = mkAdj1 "negligent" ; -lin negligible4002 = mkAdj1 "negligible" ; -lin negotiate4003 = verb2 "negotiate" "with" ; -lin neighbour4004 = noun "neighbour" ; -lin neither4007 = aGen "neither" ; -lin nephew4008 = noun "nephew" ; -lin nerve4009 = noun "nerve" ; -lin nervous4010 = mkAdj1 "nervous" ; -lin nest4012 = noun "nest" ; -lin nest4013 = verb2 "nest" "in" ; -lin net4014 = noun "net" ; -lin network4015 = noun "network" ; -lin neutral4016 = mkAdj1 "neutral" ; -lin never4017 = mkAdv "never" ; -lin nevertheless4018 = mkAdv "nevertheless" ; -lin new4019 = aGen "new" ; -lin news4020 = noun "news" ; -lin newspaper4021 = noun "newspaper" ; -lin newton4022 = noun "newton" ; -lin next4023 = mkAdj1 "next" ; -lin nibble4024 = verb2 "nibble" "" ; -lin nice4025 = aGen "nice" ; -lin nicety4026 = noun "nicety" ; -lin nigeria4027 = noun "nigeria" ; -lin night4028 = noun "night" ; -lin nine4029 = aGen "nine" ; -lin nineteen4030 = aGen "nineteen" ; -lin nineteenth4031 = aGen "nineteenth" ; -lin ninetieth4032 = aGen "ninetieth" ; -lin ninety4033 = aGen "ninety" ; -lin ninth4034 = aGen "ninth" ; -lin nip4035 = verb2 "nip" "" ; -lin no4036 = aGen "no" ; -lin noble4037 = aGen "noble" ; -lin nobleman4038 = noun "nobleman" ; -lin noblemen4039 = noun "noblemen" ; -lin nod4041 = verb2 "nod" "" ; -lin nod4042 = verb2 "nod" "" ; -lin node4043 = noun "node" ; -lin noise4044 = noun "noise" ; -lin nominal4045 = mkAdj1 "nominal" ; -lin nominate4046 = verb2 "nominate" "" ; -lin nominative4047 = mkAdj1 "nominative" ; -lin none4050 = aGen "none" ; -lin nonetheless4051 = mkAdv "nonetheless" ; -lin nonsense4052 = noun "nonsense" ; -lin nonsensical4053 = mkAdj1 "nonsensical" ; -lin normal4056 = mkAdj1 "normal" ; -lin normative4057 = mkAdj1 "normative" ; -lin north4058 = noun "north" ; -lin north4059 = aGen "north" ; -lin north4060 = aGen "north" ; -lin northern4061 = mkAdj1 "northern" ; -lin nose4062 = noun "nose" ; -lin not4064 = mkAdv "not" ; -lin notation4065 = noun "notation" ; -lin note4066 = noun "note" ; -lin note4067 = verb2 "note" "" ; -lin notice4069 = noun "notice" ; -lin notice4070 = verb2 "notice" "" ; -lin notice4071 = verb2 "notice" "" ; -lin notion4072 = noun "notion" ; -lin notoriety4073 = noun "notoriety" ; -lin notorious4074 = aGen "notorious" ; -lin notorious4075 = aGen "notorious" ; -lin noun4077 = noun "noun" ; -lin novel4078 = mkAdj1 "novel" ; -lin novel4079 = noun "novel" ; -lin novelty4080 = noun "novelty" ; -lin november4081 = noun "november" ; -lin novice4082 = noun "novice" ; -lin now4084 = mkAdv "now" ; -lin nuclear4086 = aGen "nuclear" ; -lin nucleus4087 = noun "nucleus" ; -lin nudge4088 = noun "nudge" ; -lin nudge4089 = verb2 "nudge" "" ; -lin nuisance4090 = noun "nuisance" ; -lin number4091 = noun "number" ; -lin numeral4092 = noun "numeral" ; -lin numeric4093 = mkAdj1 "numeric" ; -lin numerical4094 = mkAdj1 "numerical" ; -lin numerous4095 = mkAdj1 "numerous" ; -lin nurse4096 = noun "nurse" ; -lin nurse4097 = verb2 "nurse" "" ; -lin nut4098 = noun "nut" ; -lin nutrient4099 = noun "nutrient" ; -lin nutrition4100 = noun "nutrition" ; -lin nutritious4101 = mkAdj1 "nutritious" ; -lin nylon4102 = noun "nylon" ; -lin oaf4103 = noun "oaf" ; -lin oak4104 = noun "oak" ; -lin oar4105 = noun "oar" ; -lin oath4106 = noun "oath" ; -lin oats4107 = noun "oats" ; -lin obey4108 = verb2 "obey" "" ; -lin object4109 = noun "object" ; -lin object4110 = verb2 "object" "to" ; -lin objectionable4111 = mkAdj1 "objectionable" ; -lin objective4112 = mkAdj1 "objective" ; -lin objective4113 = noun "objective" ; -lin obligation4114 = noun "obligation" ; -lin obligatory4115 = aGen "obligatory" ; -lin obligatory4116 = aGen "obligatory" ; -lin oblige4117 = verb2 "oblige" "" ; -lin oblique4118 = mkAdj1 "oblique" ; -lin obscure4119 = mkAdj1 "obscure" ; -lin obscure4120 = verb2 "obscure" "" ; -lin observe4121 = verb2 "observe" "" ; -lin obstacle4122 = noun "obstacle" ; -lin obstruct4123 = verb2 "obstruct" "" ; -lin obstruction4124 = vGen "obstruction" ; -lin obtain4125 = verb2 "obtain" "" ; -lin obvious4126 = mkAdj2 "obvious" "" ; -lin obvious4127 = mkAdj2 "obvious" "" ; -lin occasion4128 = noun "occasion" ; -lin occupation4129 = noun "occupation" ; -lin occupy4130 = verb2 "occupy" "" ; -lin occur4131 = verb2 "occur" "" ; -lin occurrence4132 = vGen "occurrence" ; -lin ocean4133 = noun "ocean" ; -lin october4134 = noun "october" ; -lin odd4135 = aGen "odd" ; -lin odds4136 = noun "odds" ; -lin offence4141 = noun "offence" ; -lin offend4142 = verb2 "offend" "" ; -lin offense4143 = noun "offense" ; -lin offensive4144 = mkAdj1 "offensive" ; -lin offer4145 = verb2 "offer" "" ; -lin offer4146 = noun "offer" ; -lin office4147 = noun "office" ; -lin officer4148 = noun "officer" ; -lin official4149 = noun "official" ; -lin offset4150 = verb2 "offset" "" ; -lin often4151 = mkAdv "often" ; -lin oil4152 = noun "oil" ; -lin oil4153 = verb2 "oil" "" ; -lin old4154 = aGen "old" ; -lin old4155 = noun "old" ; -lin omission4156 = noun "omission" ; -lin omit4157 = verb2 "omit" "" ; -lin omniscient4158 = mkAdj1 "omniscient" ; -lin once4162 = mkAdv "once" ; -lin one4165 = aGen "one" ; -lin onerous4166 = mkAdj1 "onerous" ; -lin onion4168 = noun "onion" ; -lin only4169 = mkAdv "only" ; -lin only4170 = mkAdj1 "only" ; -lin ontology4172 = noun "ontology" ; -lin opacity4173 = noun "opacity" ; -lin opaque4174 = mkAdj1 "opaque" ; -lin open4175 = mkAdj1 "open" ; -lin open4176 = vGen "open" ; -lin opening4177 = noun "opening" ; -lin operand4178 = noun "operand" ; -lin operate4179 = verb2 "operate" "" ; -lin operation4180 = noun "operation" ; -lin operator4181 = noun "operator" ; -lin opinion4182 = noun "opinion" ; -lin opponent4183 = noun "opponent" ; -lin opportune4184 = mkAdj1 "opportune" ; -lin opportunistic4185 = mkAdj1 "opportunistic" ; -lin opportunity4186 = noun "opportunity" ; -lin oppose4187 = verb2 "oppose" "" ; -lin opposite4188 = mkAdj1 "opposite" ; -lin opposition4190 = noun "opposition" ; -lin optimal4191 = mkAdj1 "optimal" ; -lin optimism4192 = noun "optimism" ; -lin optimist4193 = noun "optimist" ; -lin optimize4194 = verb2 "optimize" "" ; -lin optimum4195 = vGen "optimum" ; -lin option4196 = noun "option" ; -lin oral4199 = aGen "oral" ; -lin orange4200 = mkAdj1 "orange" ; -lin orange4201 = noun "orange" ; -lin order4202 = noun "order" ; -lin order4203 = verb2 "order" "" ; -lin order4204 = verb2 "order" "" ; -lin ordering4205 = noun "ordering" ; -lin orderly4206 = mkAdj1 "orderly" ; -lin ordinary4207 = mkAdj1 "ordinary" ; -lin ore4208 = noun "ore" ; -lin organ4209 = noun "organ" ; -lin organic4210 = mkAdj1 "organic" ; -lin organically4211 = mkAdv "organically" ; -lin organization4212 = noun "organization" ; -lin organize4213 = verb2 "organize" "" ; -lin orient4214 = noun "orient" ; -lin orient4215 = verb2 "orient" "" ; -lin origin4216 = noun "origin" ; -lin original4217 = mkAdj1 "original" ; -lin original4218 = noun "original" ; -lin originate4219 = vGen "originate" ; -lin orthography4220 = noun "orthography" ; -lin ostensible4222 = mkAdj1 "ostensible" ; -lin ostensive4223 = mkAdj1 "ostensive" ; -lin ostentation4224 = noun "ostentation" ; -lin ostentatious4225 = mkAdj1 "ostentatious" ; -lin other4226 = mkAdj1 "other" ; -lin other4227 = noun "other" ; -lin ought4230 = verb2 "ought" "" ; -lin outdated4238 = mkAdj1 "outdated" ; -lin outdoor4239 = mkAdj1 "outdoor" ; -lin outdoors4240 = noun "outdoors" ; -lin outer4241 = mkAdj1 "outer" ; -lin outermost4242 = aGen "outermost" ; -lin outlaw4243 = noun "outlaw" ; -lin outlaw4244 = verb2 "outlaw" "" ; -lin outline4245 = noun "outline" ; -lin outline4246 = verb2 "outline" "" ; -lin outrage4247 = noun "outrage" ; -lin outrage4248 = verb2 "outrage" "" ; -lin outside4250 = noun "outside" ; -lin outstanding4252 = mkAdj1 "outstanding" ; -lin over4254 = noun "over" ; -lin overflow4256 = noun "overflow" ; -lin overflow4257 = verb2 "overflow" "" ; -lin overflow4258 = verb2 "overflow" "" ; -lin overlap4259 = verb2 "overlap" "" ; -lin overt4260 = mkAdj1 "overt" ; -lin overture4261 = noun "overture" ; -lin overwhelm4262 = verb2 "overwhelm" "" ; -lin owe4263 = verb3 "owe" "" "" ; -lin own4264 = mkAdj1 "own" ; -lin own4265 = verb2 "own" "" ; -lin ox4266 = noun "ox" ; -lin oxford4268 = noun "oxford" ; -lin oxygen4269 = noun "oxygen" ; -lin pace4270 = noun "pace" ; -lin pack4271 = verb2 "pack" "" ; -lin package4272 = noun "package" ; -lin package4273 = verb2 "package" "" ; -lin packet4274 = noun "packet" ; -lin page4275 = noun "page" ; -lin pain4278 = noun "pain" ; -lin painstaking4279 = mkAdj1 "painstaking" ; -lin paint4280 = noun "paint" ; -lin paint4281 = verb2 "paint" "" ; -lin pair4282 = noun "pair" ; -lin pair4283 = verb3 "pair" "" "with" ; -lin palace4284 = noun "palace" ; -lin pale4285 = aGen "pale" ; -lin pamper4286 = verb2 "pamper" "" ; -lin pamphlet4287 = noun "pamphlet" ; -lin pan4288 = noun "pan" ; -lin panacea4289 = noun "panacea" ; -lin pane4290 = noun "pane" ; -lin panel4291 = noun "panel" ; -lin panelling4292 = noun "panelling" ; -lin panic4293 = vGen "panic" ; -lin panic4294 = noun "panic" ; -lin pantry4295 = noun "pantry" ; -lin paper4296 = noun "paper" ; -lin paper4297 = verb2 "paper" "" ; -lin paradigm4298 = noun "paradigm" ; -lin paradox4299 = noun "paradox" ; -lin paragraph4300 = noun "paragraph" ; -lin parallel4301 = noun "parallel" ; -lin parallel4302 = verb2 "parallel" "" ; -lin parallel4303 = aGen "parallel" ; -lin parallel4304 = aGen "parallel" ; -lin parameter4305 = noun "parameter" ; -lin paraphrase4306 = noun "paraphrase" ; -lin paraphrase4307 = verb2 "paraphrase" "" ; -lin parasite4308 = noun "parasite" ; -lin parasitic4309 = mkAdj1 "parasitic" ; -lin parasol4310 = noun "parasol" ; -lin parcel4311 = noun "parcel" ; -lin parent4312 = noun "parent" ; -lin parenthesis4314 = noun "parenthesis" ; -lin parenthesize4315 = verb2 "parenthesize" "" ; -lin parenthetical4316 = mkAdj1 "parenthetical" ; -lin paris4317 = noun "paris" ; -lin parity4318 = noun "parity" ; -lin park4319 = noun "park" ; -lin park4320 = verb2 "park" "" ; -lin parliament4321 = noun "parliament" ; -lin parse4322 = verb2 "parse" "" ; -lin parsimony4323 = noun "parsimony" ; -lin part4324 = noun "part" ; -lin participant4325 = noun "participant" ; -lin participate4326 = vGen "participate" ; -lin particle4327 = noun "particle" ; -lin particular4328 = mkAdj1 "particular" ; -lin partition4329 = noun "partition" ; -lin partition4330 = verb2 "partition" "" ; -lin partly4331 = mkAdv "partly" ; -lin partner4332 = noun "partner" ; -lin party4333 = noun "party" ; -lin pass4334 = verb3 "pass" "" "to" ; -lin passage4335 = noun "passage" ; -lin passenger4336 = noun "passenger" ; -lin passion4337 = noun "passion" ; -lin passionate4338 = mkAdj1 "passionate" ; -lin passive4339 = mkAdj1 "passive" ; -lin past4340 = mkAdj1 "past" ; -lin past4341 = noun "past" ; -lin paste4342 = noun "paste" ; -lin paste4343 = verb3 "paste" "" "to" ; -lin pastry4344 = noun "pastry" ; -lin pasty4345 = noun "pasty" ; -lin pat4346 = verb2 "pat" "" ; -lin path4347 = noun "path" ; -lin pathology4348 = noun "pathology" ; -lin patience4349 = noun "patience" ; -lin patient4350 = noun "patient" ; -lin patient4351 = aGen "patient" ; -lin patient4352 = aGen "patient" ; -lin pattern4353 = noun "pattern" ; -lin paucity4354 = noun "paucity" ; -lin pause4355 = verb2 "pause" "" ; -lin pause4356 = noun "pause" ; -lin pay4357 = noun "pay" ; -lin pay4358 = verb2 "pay" "for" ; -lin pea4359 = noun "pea" ; -lin peace4360 = noun "peace" ; -lin peak4361 = noun "peak" ; -lin pear4362 = noun "pear" ; -lin peculiar4363 = aGen "peculiar" ; -lin peculiar4364 = aGen "peculiar" ; -lin pedagogical4365 = mkAdj1 "pedagogical" ; -lin pedant4366 = noun "pedant" ; -lin pedantic4367 = mkAdj1 "pedantic" ; -lin pedantically4368 = mkAdj1 "pedantically" ; -lin pelvic4369 = mkAdj1 "pelvic" ; -lin pelvis4370 = noun "pelvis" ; -lin pen4371 = noun "pen" ; -lin penal4372 = mkAdj1 "penal" ; -lin penalize4373 = verb2 "penalize" "" ; -lin penalty4374 = noun "penalty" ; -lin pence4375 = noun "pence" ; -lin pencil4376 = noun "pencil" ; -lin pending4377 = mkAdj1 "pending" ; -lin penetrate4378 = verb2 "penetrate" "" ; -lin penny4380 = noun "penny" ; -lin people4381 = noun "people" ; -lin people4382 = noun "people" ; -lin pepper4383 = noun "pepper" ; -lin perceive4384 = verb2 "perceive" "" ; -lin perception4385 = noun "perception" ; -lin perceptive4386 = mkAdj1 "perceptive" ; -lin perceptual4387 = mkAdj1 "perceptual" ; -lin percolate4388 = verb2 "percolate" "" ; -lin percolator4389 = noun "percolator" ; -lin peremptory4390 = mkAdj1 "peremptory" ; -lin perfect4391 = mkAdj1 "perfect" ; -lin perform4392 = vGen "perform" ; -lin perhaps4393 = mkAdv "perhaps" ; -lin period4394 = noun "period" ; -lin peripheral4395 = mkAdj1 "peripheral" ; -lin periphery4396 = noun "periphery" ; -lin perjure4397 = verb2 "perjure" "" ; -lin permanent4398 = mkAdj1 "permanent" ; -lin permissible4399 = mkAdj1 "permissible" ; -lin permission4400 = noun "permission" ; -lin permissive4401 = mkAdj1 "permissive" ; -lin permit4402 = noun "permit" ; -lin permit4403 = verb2 "permit" "" ; -lin permute4404 = verb2 "permute" "" ; -lin perpetual4405 = mkAdj1 "perpetual" ; -lin perpetuate4406 = verb2 "perpetuate" "" ; -lin perpetuity4407 = noun "perpetuity" ; -lin persimmon4408 = noun "persimmon" ; -lin persist4409 = verb2 "persist" "" ; -lin persistence4410 = noun "persistence" ; -lin persistent4411 = mkAdj1 "persistent" ; -lin person4412 = noun "person" ; -lin personal4413 = mkAdj1 "personal" ; -lin perspective4414 = noun "perspective" ; -lin perspicuous4415 = mkAdj1 "perspicuous" ; -lin persuade4416 = verb3 "persuade" "" "" ; -lin persuade4417 = verb2 "persuade" "" ; -lin persuasion4418 = noun "persuasion" ; -lin persuasive4419 = mkAdj1 "persuasive" ; -lin perverse4420 = mkAdj1 "perverse" ; -lin perversion4421 = noun "perversion" ; -lin pervert4422 = noun "pervert" ; -lin pervert4423 = verb2 "pervert" "" ; -lin pet4424 = noun "pet" ; -lin petrol4425 = noun "petrol" ; -lin phenomenon4428 = noun "phenomenon" ; -lin philosopher4429 = noun "philosopher" ; -lin philosophy4430 = noun "philosophy" ; -lin phone4431 = noun "phone" ; -lin phone4432 = verb2 "phone" "" ; -lin phonemic4433 = mkAdj1 "phonemic" ; -lin phonetic4434 = mkAdj1 "phonetic" ; -lin phonetically4435 = mkAdv "phonetically" ; -lin phonetics4436 = noun "phonetics" ; -lin phonology4437 = noun "phonology" ; -lin phonotactic4438 = mkAdj1 "phonotactic" ; -lin photo4439 = noun "photo" ; -lin photograph4440 = noun "photograph" ; -lin photograph4441 = verb2 "photograph" "" ; -lin photography4442 = noun "photography" ; -lin phrase4443 = noun "phrase" ; -lin physical4444 = mkAdj1 "physical" ; -lin physician4445 = noun "physician" ; -lin physics4446 = noun "physics" ; -lin pianist4447 = noun "pianist" ; -lin piano4448 = noun "piano" ; -lin pick4449 = noun "pick" ; -lin pick4450 = verb2 "pick" "" ; -lin pick4451 = verb3 "pick" "" "" ; -lin picnic4452 = noun "picnic" ; -lin picnic4453 = verb2 "picnic" "" ; -lin picture4454 = noun "picture" ; -lin picture4455 = verb2 "picture" "" ; -lin piece4456 = noun "piece" ; -lin pierce4457 = verb2 "pierce" "" ; -lin pig4458 = noun "pig" ; -lin pigeon4459 = noun "pigeon" ; -lin pilchard4460 = noun "pilchard" ; -lin pile4461 = noun "pile" ; -lin pilfer4462 = verb2 "pilfer" "" ; -lin pill4463 = noun "pill" ; -lin pillar4464 = noun "pillar" ; -lin pillow4465 = noun "pillow" ; -lin pilot4466 = noun "pilot" ; -lin pilot4467 = verb2 "pilot" "" ; -lin pin4468 = noun "pin" ; -lin pin4469 = verb3 "pin" "" "to" ; -lin pink4470 = aGen "pink" ; -lin pipe4471 = noun "pipe" ; -lin pistol4472 = noun "pistol" ; -lin pit4473 = noun "pit" ; -lin pitch4474 = noun "pitch" ; -lin pitch4475 = verb2 "pitch" "" ; -lin pitchfork4476 = noun "pitchfork" ; -lin pith4477 = noun "pith" ; -lin pity4478 = verb2 "pity" "" ; -lin pity4479 = noun "pity" ; -lin place4480 = noun "place" ; -lin place4481 = verb2 "place" "" ; -lin place4482 = verb3 "place" "" "in" ; -lin plague4483 = noun "plague" ; -lin plague4484 = verb2 "plague" "" ; -lin plain4485 = aGen "plain" ; -lin plain4486 = noun "plain" ; -lin plan4487 = verb2 "plan" "" ; -lin plan4488 = noun "plan" ; -lin planar4489 = mkAdj1 "planar" ; -lin plane4490 = noun "plane" ; -lin planet4491 = noun "planet" ; -lin plant4492 = noun "plant" ; -lin plastic4493 = mkAdj1 "plastic" ; -lin plastic4494 = noun "plastic" ; -lin plate4495 = noun "plate" ; -lin plateau4496 = noun "plateau" ; -lin platypus4497 = noun "platypus" ; -lin plausible4498 = mkAdj1 "plausible" ; -lin play4499 = noun "play" ; -lin play4500 = verb2 "play" "" ; -lin play4501 = verb2 "play" "" ; -lin play4502 = verb2 "play" "with" ; -lin pleasant4503 = mkAdj1 "pleasant" ; -lin please4504 = verb2 "please" "" ; -lin pleasure4505 = noun "pleasure" ; -lin pledge4506 = noun "pledge" ; -lin pledge4507 = verb2 "pledge" "" ; -lin plenty4508 = noun "plenty" ; -lin plot4509 = noun "plot" ; -lin plot4510 = verb2 "plot" "" ; -lin plug4511 = noun "plug" ; -lin plum4512 = noun "plum" ; -lin plumber4513 = noun "plumber" ; -lin plume4514 = noun "plume" ; -lin plummet4515 = verb2 "plummet" "" ; -lin plump4516 = aGen "plump" ; -lin plunge4517 = verb2 "plunge" "" ; -lin plural4518 = mkAdj1 "plural" ; -lin plural4519 = noun "plural" ; -lin pocket4520 = noun "pocket" ; -lin pocket4521 = verb2 "pocket" "" ; -lin poem4522 = noun "poem" ; -lin poet4523 = noun "poet" ; -lin poetry4524 = noun "poetry" ; -lin point4525 = noun "point" ; -lin point4526 = verb2 "point" "to" ; -lin poison4527 = noun "poison" ; -lin poison4528 = verb2 "poison" "" ; -lin poland4529 = noun "poland" ; -lin polar4530 = mkAdj1 "polar" ; -lin pole4531 = noun "pole" ; -lin police4532 = noun "police" ; -lin policeman4533 = noun "policeman" ; -lin policy4535 = noun "policy" ; -lin polish4536 = mkAdj1 "polish" ; -lin polish4537 = noun "polish" ; -lin polish4538 = verb2 "polish" "" ; -lin polite4539 = aGen "polite" ; -lin polite4540 = aGen "polite" ; -lin political4541 = mkAdj1 "political" ; -lin politician4542 = noun "politician" ; -lin politics4543 = noun "politics" ; -lin pollute4544 = verb2 "pollute" "" ; -lin ponder4545 = verb2 "ponder" "" ; -lin pool4546 = noun "pool" ; -lin poor4547 = noun "poor" ; -lin poor4548 = aGen "poor" ; -lin pop4549 = noun "pop" ; -lin popular4550 = aGen "popular" ; -lin popular4551 = aGen "popular" ; -lin populated4552 = aGen "populated" ; -lin populated4553 = aGen "populated" ; -lin population4554 = noun "population" ; -lin porcupine4555 = noun "porcupine" ; -lin pore4556 = noun "pore" ; -lin pore4557 = verb2 "pore" "over" ; -lin pork4558 = noun "pork" ; -lin porosity4559 = noun "porosity" ; -lin porous4560 = mkAdj1 "porous" ; -lin porpoise4561 = noun "porpoise" ; -lin port4562 = noun "port" ; -lin portable4563 = mkAdj1 "portable" ; -lin portion4564 = noun "portion" ; -lin pose4565 = noun "pose" ; -lin pose4566 = verb2 "pose" "" ; -lin position4567 = noun "position" ; -lin positive4568 = aGen "positive" ; -lin positive4569 = aGen "positive" ; -lin positively4570 = mkAdv "positively" ; -lin possess4571 = verb2 "possess" "" ; -lin possession4572 = noun "possession" ; -lin possible4573 = aGen "possible" ; -lin possible4574 = aGen "possible" ; -lin possible4575 = aGen "possible" ; -lin post4577 = noun "post" ; -lin post4578 = verb3 "post" "" "to" ; -lin posterior4579 = mkAdj1 "posterior" ; -lin postman4580 = noun "postman" ; -lin postmen4581 = noun "postmen" ; -lin postpone4582 = verb2 "postpone" "" ; -lin postulate4583 = verb2 "postulate" "" ; -lin pot4584 = noun "pot" ; -lin potato4585 = noun "potato" ; -lin potency4586 = noun "potency" ; -lin potent4587 = mkAdj1 "potent" ; -lin potential4588 = mkAdj1 "potential" ; -lin pound4589 = noun "pound" ; -lin pound4590 = verb2 "pound" "" ; -lin pour4591 = verb3 "pour" "" "loc" ; -lin powder4592 = noun "powder" ; -lin power4593 = noun "power" ; -lin power4594 = verb2 "power" "" ; -lin practical4595 = mkAdj1 "practical" ; -lin practice4596 = noun "practice" ; -lin practise4597 = verb2 "practise" "" ; -lin practitioner4598 = noun "practitioner" ; -lin pragmatic4599 = mkAdj1 "pragmatic" ; -lin pragmatically4600 = mkAdv "pragmatically" ; -lin pragmatics4601 = noun "pragmatics" ; -lin praise4602 = noun "praise" ; -lin praise4603 = verb2 "praise" "" ; -lin pray4604 = verb2 "pray" "to" ; -lin prayer4605 = noun "prayer" ; -lin precarious4607 = mkAdj1 "precarious" ; -lin precede4608 = verb2 "precede" "" ; -lin precedence4609 = noun "precedence" ; -lin precedent4610 = noun "precedent" ; -lin precious4611 = mkAdj1 "precious" ; -lin precise4612 = mkAdj1 "precise" ; -lin precision4613 = noun "precision" ; -lin preclude4614 = verb2 "preclude" "" ; -lin precursor4615 = noun "precursor" ; -lin predecessor4616 = noun "predecessor" ; -lin predicate4617 = noun "predicate" ; -lin predicate4618 = verb2 "predicate" "" ; -lin predict4619 = verb2 "predict" "" ; -lin predilection4620 = noun "predilection" ; -lin preface4621 = noun "preface" ; -lin prefer4622 = verb3 "prefer" "" "to" ; -lin prefer4623 = verb2 "prefer" "" ; -lin prefer4624 = verb2 "prefer" "" ; -lin prefer4625 = verb2 "prefer" "" ; -lin preference4626 = noun "preference" ; -lin pregnancy4627 = noun "pregnancy" ; -lin pregnant4628 = mkAdj1 "pregnant" ; -lin prejudice4629 = noun "prejudice" ; -lin prejudiced4630 = mkAdj1 "prejudiced" ; -lin preliminary4631 = mkAdj1 "preliminary" ; -lin premise4632 = noun "premise" ; -lin preoccupation4633 = noun "preoccupation" ; -lin preoccupied4634 = aGen "preoccupied" ; -lin preoccupy4635 = verb2 "preoccupy" "" ; -lin prepare4636 = verb3 "prepare" "" "for" ; -lin preposition4637 = noun "preposition" ; -lin prerequisite4638 = noun "prerequisite" ; -lin prescribe4639 = verb2 "prescribe" "" ; -lin prescription4640 = noun "prescription" ; -lin prescriptive4641 = mkAdj1 "prescriptive" ; -lin presence4642 = noun "presence" ; -lin present4643 = mkAdj1 "present" ; -lin present4644 = noun "present" ; -lin present4645 = verb3 "present" "" "with" ; -lin preserve4646 = verb3 "preserve" "" "from" ; -lin preside4647 = verb2 "preside" "" ; -lin presidency4648 = noun "presidency" ; -lin president4649 = noun "president" ; -lin press4650 = verb2 "press" "" ; -lin pressure4651 = noun "pressure" ; -lin prestige4652 = noun "prestige" ; -lin presume4653 = verb2 "presume" "" ; -lin presumption4654 = noun "presumption" ; -lin presumptuous4655 = mkAdj1 "presumptuous" ; -lin presuppose4656 = verb2 "presuppose" "" ; -lin presupposition4657 = noun "presupposition" ; -lin pretence4658 = noun "pretence" ; -lin pretend4659 = verb2 "pretend" "" ; -lin pretty4660 = aGen "pretty" ; -lin prevent4661 = verb2 "prevent" "" ; -lin previous4662 = mkAdj1 "previous" ; -lin price4663 = noun "price" ; -lin prick4664 = vGen "prick" ; -lin prickle4665 = noun "prickle" ; -lin pride4666 = noun "pride" ; -lin priest4667 = noun "priest" ; -lin prim4668 = aGen "prim" ; -lin primary4669 = mkAdj1 "primary" ; -lin primitive4672 = mkAdj1 "primitive" ; -lin prince4673 = noun "prince" ; -lin principal4674 = mkAdj1 "principal" ; -lin principle4675 = noun "principle" ; -lin principled4676 = mkAdj1 "principled" ; -lin print4677 = verb2 "print" "" ; -lin prior4678 = noun "prior" ; -lin prior4679 = aGen "prior" ; -lin prior4680 = aGen "prior" ; -lin priority4681 = noun "priority" ; -lin prison4682 = noun "prison" ; -lin privacy4683 = noun "privacy" ; -lin private4684 = mkAdj1 "private" ; -lin privilege4685 = noun "privilege" ; -lin prize4686 = noun "prize" ; -lin probability4687 = noun "probability" ; -lin probable4688 = aGen "probable" ; -lin probable4689 = aGen "probable" ; -lin probe4690 = noun "probe" ; -lin probe4691 = verb2 "probe" "" ; -lin problem4692 = noun "problem" ; -lin problematic4693 = mkAdj1 "problematic" ; -lin procedure4694 = noun "procedure" ; -lin proceed4695 = vGen "proceed" ; -lin proceedings4696 = noun "proceedings" ; -lin process4697 = noun "process" ; -lin process4698 = verb2 "process" "" ; -lin procession4699 = noun "procession" ; -lin processor4700 = noun "processor" ; -lin produce4701 = noun "produce" ; -lin produce4702 = verb2 "produce" "" ; -lin product4703 = noun "product" ; -lin profession4704 = noun "profession" ; -lin professor4706 = noun "professor" ; -lin proficiency4707 = noun "proficiency" ; -lin proficient4708 = mkAdj2 "proficient" "in" ; -lin profit4709 = noun "profit" ; -lin profitable4710 = mkAdj1 "profitable" ; -lin profound4711 = mkAdj1 "profound" ; -lin profundity4712 = noun "profundity" ; -lin profuse4713 = mkAdj1 "profuse" ; -lin profusion4714 = noun "profusion" ; -lin prognosis4715 = noun "prognosis" ; -lin program4716 = noun "program" ; -lin program4717 = verb2 "program" "" ; -lin programme4718 = noun "programme" ; -lin progress4719 = vGen "progress" ; -lin progress4720 = noun "progress" ; -lin prohibit4721 = verb2 "prohibit" "" ; -lin project4722 = noun "project" ; -lin project4723 = verb2 "project" "" ; -lin proliferate4724 = verb2 "proliferate" "" ; -lin prolong4725 = verb2 "prolong" "" ; -lin prominence4726 = noun "prominence" ; -lin prominent4727 = mkAdj1 "prominent" ; -lin promise4728 = verb2 "promise" "" ; -lin promote4729 = verb2 "promote" "" ; -lin prompt4730 = aGen "prompt" ; -lin prompt4731 = noun "prompt" ; -lin prompt4732 = verb2 "prompt" "" ; -lin promulgate4733 = verb2 "promulgate" "" ; -lin prone4734 = aGen "prone" ; -lin prone4735 = aGen "prone" ; -lin pronominal4736 = mkAdj1 "pronominal" ; -lin pronoun4737 = noun "pronoun" ; -lin pronounce4738 = verb2 "pronounce" "" ; -lin pronunciation4739 = noun "pronunciation" ; -lin proof4742 = noun "proof" ; -lin propagate4743 = verb2 "propagate" "" ; -lin propensity4744 = noun "propensity" ; -lin proper4745 = mkAdj1 "proper" ; -lin property4746 = noun "property" ; -lin proponent4747 = noun "proponent" ; -lin proportion4748 = noun "proportion" ; -lin propose4749 = verb2 "propose" "" ; -lin propose4750 = verb2 "propose" "" ; -lin proposition4751 = noun "proposition" ; -lin prose4752 = noun "prose" ; -lin prosody4753 = noun "prosody" ; -lin prospect4754 = noun "prospect" ; -lin prospect4755 = verb2 "prospect" "for" ; -lin prospective4756 = mkAdj1 "prospective" ; -lin prospector4757 = noun "prospector" ; -lin protect4758 = verb3 "protect" "" "from" ; -lin protest4759 = noun "protest" ; -lin protest4760 = verb2 "protest" "against" ; -lin protocol4761 = noun "protocol" ; -lin prototype4762 = noun "prototype" ; -lin proud4763 = aGen "proud" ; -lin proud4764 = aGen "proud" ; -lin prove4765 = verb2 "prove" "" ; -lin proven4766 = mkAdj1 "proven" ; -lin provide4768 = verb3 "provide" "" "for" ; -lin provision4769 = noun "provision" ; -lin prune4770 = noun "prune" ; -lin prune4771 = verb2 "prune" "" ; -lin psychology4773 = noun "psychology" ; -lin pub4774 = noun "pub" ; -lin public4775 = mkAdj1 "public" ; -lin public4776 = noun "public" ; -lin publication4777 = noun "publication" ; -lin publicity4778 = noun "publicity" ; -lin publish4779 = verb2 "publish" "" ; -lin pull4780 = verb2 "pull" "" ; -lin pulley4781 = noun "pulley" ; -lin pulpit4782 = noun "pulpit" ; -lin pump4783 = noun "pump" ; -lin punch4784 = noun "punch" ; -lin punch4785 = verb2 "punch" "" ; -lin punctual4786 = mkAdj1 "punctual" ; -lin punctuate4787 = verb2 "punctuate" "" ; -lin punish4788 = verb2 "punish" "" ; -lin punitive4789 = mkAdj1 "punitive" ; -lin pupil4790 = noun "pupil" ; -lin purchase4791 = vGen "purchase" ; -lin pure4792 = aGen "pure" ; -lin purge4793 = noun "purge" ; -lin purple4794 = aGen "purple" ; -lin purpose4795 = noun "purpose" ; -lin purse4796 = noun "purse" ; -lin pursue4797 = verb2 "pursue" "" ; -lin pursuit4798 = noun "pursuit" ; -lin purveyor4799 = noun "purveyor" ; -lin push4800 = verb2 "push" "" ; -lin put4801 = verb3 "put" "" "loc" ; -lin put4802 = verb3 "put" "" "loc" ; -lin put4803 = verb3 "put" "" "loc" ; -lin puzzle4804 = vGen "puzzle" ; -lin puzzle4805 = vGen "puzzle" ; -lin puzzle4806 = noun "puzzle" ; -lin puzzle4807 = verb2 "puzzle" "" ; -lin pyramid4808 = noun "pyramid" ; -lin quadruple4809 = noun "quadruple" ; -lin quail4810 = noun "quail" ; -lin qualify4811 = verb2 "qualify" "for" ; -lin qualitative4812 = mkAdj1 "qualitative" ; -lin quality4813 = noun "quality" ; -lin quantify4814 = verb2 "quantify" "" ; -lin quantitative4815 = mkAdj1 "quantitative" ; -lin quantity4816 = noun "quantity" ; -lin quarrel4817 = noun "quarrel" ; -lin quarter4818 = noun "quarter" ; -lin quartet4819 = noun "quartet" ; -lin queen4820 = noun "queen" ; -lin queer4821 = aGen "queer" ; -lin query4822 = noun "query" ; -lin query4823 = verb2 "query" "" ; -lin quest4824 = noun "quest" ; -lin question4825 = noun "question" ; -lin question4826 = verb2 "question" "" ; -lin quibble4827 = verb2 "quibble" "about" ; -lin quick4828 = aGen "quick" ; -lin quiet4829 = aGen "quiet" ; -lin quiet4830 = noun "quiet" ; -lin quilt4831 = noun "quilt" ; -lin quit4832 = verb2 "quit" "" ; -lin quite4833 = mkAdv "quite" ; -lin quiz4834 = noun "quiz" ; -lin quote4836 = verb2 "quote" "" ; -lin rabbit4837 = noun "rabbit" ; -lin rabid4838 = mkAdj1 "rabid" ; -lin rabies4839 = noun "rabies" ; -lin race4840 = noun "race" ; -lin race4841 = verb2 "race" "" ; -lin rack4842 = noun "rack" ; -lin radar4843 = noun "radar" ; -lin radical4844 = mkAdj1 "radical" ; -lin radii4845 = noun "radii" ; -lin radio4846 = noun "radio" ; -lin radish4847 = noun "radish" ; -lin radius4848 = noun "radius" ; -lin rage4849 = noun "rage" ; -lin raid4850 = verb2 "raid" "" ; -lin rail4851 = noun "rail" ; -lin railway4852 = noun "railway" ; -lin rain4853 = vGen "rain" ; -lin rain4854 = noun "rain" ; -lin raise4855 = verb2 "raise" "" ; -lin raisin4856 = noun "raisin" ; -lin random4858 = mkAdj1 "random" ; -lin range4861 = noun "range" ; -lin range4862 = verb2 "range" "over" ; -lin rank4863 = noun "rank" ; -lin rank4864 = verb2 "rank" "" ; -lin rapid4865 = mkAdj1 "rapid" ; -lin rare4866 = aGen "rare" ; -lin rat4867 = noun "rat" ; -lin rate4868 = noun "rate" ; -lin rather4869 = mkAdv "rather" ; -lin ratio4870 = noun "ratio" ; -lin ration4871 = noun "ration" ; -lin ration4872 = verb2 "ration" "" ; -lin rational4873 = mkAdj1 "rational" ; -lin rationale4874 = noun "rationale" ; -lin raw4875 = aGen "raw" ; -lin ray4876 = noun "ray" ; -lin razor4877 = noun "razor" ; -lin reach4879 = verb2 "reach" "" ; -lin read4880 = verb2 "read" "" ; -lin read4881 = verb2 "read" "" ; -lin read4882 = verb2 "read" "" ; -lin ready4883 = aGen "ready" ; -lin ready4884 = aGen "ready" ; -lin real4885 = mkAdj1 "real" ; -lin realist4886 = noun "realist" ; -lin realistic4887 = mkAdj1 "realistic" ; -lin realistically4888 = mkAdv "realistically" ; -lin realize4889 = verb2 "realize" "" ; -lin realm4890 = noun "realm" ; -lin rear4891 = mkAdj1 "rear" ; -lin rear4892 = noun "rear" ; -lin reason4893 = vGen "reason" ; -lin reason4894 = noun "reason" ; -lin reasonable4895 = mkAdj1 "reasonable" ; -lin rebut4896 = verb2 "rebut" "" ; -lin recapitulate4897 = verb2 "recapitulate" "" ; -lin recede4898 = vGen "recede" ; -lin receipt4899 = noun "receipt" ; -lin receive4900 = verb3 "receive" "" "from" ; -lin recency4901 = noun "recency" ; -lin recent4902 = mkAdj1 "recent" ; -lin reception4903 = noun "reception" ; -lin recession4904 = noun "recession" ; -lin recipe4905 = noun "recipe" ; -lin recipient4906 = noun "recipient" ; -lin reciprocal4907 = mkAdj1 "reciprocal" ; -lin reciprocate4908 = vGen "reciprocate" ; -lin recite4909 = verb2 "recite" "" ; -lin recognise4910 = verb2 "recognise" "" ; -lin recognition4911 = noun "recognition" ; -lin recognize4912 = verb2 "recognize" "" ; -lin recommend4913 = verb2 "recommend" "" ; -lin reconcile4914 = verb2 "reconcile" "" ; -lin record4915 = noun "record" ; -lin record4916 = verb2 "record" "" ; -lin recourse4917 = noun "recourse" ; -lin recover4918 = verb2 "recover" "" ; -lin recovery4919 = noun "recovery" ; -lin rectify4920 = verb2 "rectify" "" ; -lin recursion4921 = noun "recursion" ; -lin recursive4922 = mkAdj1 "recursive" ; -lin red4923 = aGen "red" ; -lin redeem4924 = verb2 "redeem" "" ; -lin reduce4925 = verb2 "reduce" "" ; -lin reducible4926 = mkAdj2 "reducible" "" ; -lin reducible4927 = mkAdj2 "reducible" "to" ; -lin redundancy4928 = noun "redundancy" ; -lin redundant4929 = mkAdj1 "redundant" ; -lin reed4930 = noun "reed" ; -lin refer4931 = verb2 "refer" "to" ; -lin reference4932 = noun "reference" ; -lin referent4933 = noun "referent" ; -lin referral4934 = noun "referral" ; -lin refine4935 = verb2 "refine" "" ; -lin reflect4936 = vGen "reflect" ; -lin reflexive4937 = mkAdj1 "reflexive" ; -lin refractor4938 = noun "refractor" ; -lin refractory4939 = mkAdj1 "refractory" ; -lin refresh4940 = verb2 "refresh" "" ; -lin refuse4941 = noun "refuse" ; -lin refuse4942 = verb2 "refuse" "" ; -lin refute4943 = verb2 "refute" "" ; -lin regard4944 = noun "regard" ; -lin regard4945 = verb2 "regard" "" ; -lin regime4946 = noun "regime" ; -lin regiment4947 = noun "regiment" ; -lin regiment4948 = verb2 "regiment" "" ; -lin region4949 = noun "region" ; -lin regress4950 = verb2 "regress" "" ; -lin regular4951 = mkAdj1 "regular" ; -lin regulate4952 = verb2 "regulate" "" ; -lin regulation4953 = noun "regulation" ; -lin reinforce4954 = verb2 "reinforce" "" ; -lin reject4955 = verb2 "reject" "" ; -lin rejoice4956 = vGen "rejoice" ; -lin relate4957 = verb3 "relate" "" "to" ; -lin related4958 = aGen "related" ; -lin related4959 = aGen "related" ; -lin relation4960 = noun "relation" ; -lin relative4961 = noun "relative" ; -lin relax4962 = verb2 "relax" "" ; -lin release4963 = verb2 "release" "" ; -lin relegate4964 = verb3 "relegate" "" "to" ; -lin relevance4965 = noun "relevance" ; -lin relevant4966 = aGen "relevant" ; -lin relevant4967 = aGen "relevant" ; -lin reliable4968 = mkAdj1 "reliable" ; -lin relief4969 = noun "relief" ; -lin relieve4970 = verb2 "relieve" "" ; -lin religion4971 = noun "religion" ; -lin religious4972 = mkAdj1 "religious" ; -lin relinquish4973 = verb2 "relinquish" "" ; -lin reluctance4974 = noun "reluctance" ; -lin reluctant4975 = aGen "reluctant" ; -lin reluctant4976 = aGen "reluctant" ; -lin rely4977 = verb2 "rely" "on" ; -lin remain4978 = verb2 "remain" "" ; -lin remainder4979 = noun "remainder" ; -lin remains4980 = noun "remains" ; -lin remark4981 = noun "remark" ; -lin remedial4982 = mkAdj1 "remedial" ; -lin remedy4983 = noun "remedy" ; -lin remedy4984 = verb2 "remedy" "" ; -lin remember4985 = verb2 "remember" "" ; -lin remind4986 = verb3 "remind" "" "" ; -lin remind4987 = verb2 "remind" "" ; -lin reminder4988 = noun "reminder" ; -lin reminiscent4989 = mkAdj2 "reminiscent" "" ; -lin reminiscent4990 = mkAdj2 "reminiscent" "of" ; -lin remnant4991 = noun "remnant" ; -lin remote4992 = aGen "remote" ; -lin remove4993 = verb3 "remove" "" "from" ; -lin renaissance4994 = noun "renaissance" ; -lin render4995 = verb3 "render" "" "" ; -lin rendition4996 = noun "rendition" ; -lin renew4997 = verb2 "renew" "" ; -lin renounce4998 = verb2 "renounce" "" ; -lin rent4999 = noun "rent" ; -lin rent5000 = verb2 "rent" "" ; -lin renunciation5001 = noun "renunciation" ; -lin repair5002 = noun "repair" ; -lin repair5003 = verb2 "repair" "" ; -lin repeat5004 = verb2 "repeat" "" ; -lin repercussion5005 = noun "repercussion" ; -lin repetition5006 = noun "repetition" ; -lin repetitious5007 = mkAdj1 "repetitious" ; -lin repetitive5008 = mkAdj1 "repetitive" ; -lin replace5009 = verb2 "replace" "" ; -lin replica5010 = noun "replica" ; -lin replicate5011 = verb2 "replicate" "" ; -lin reply5012 = noun "reply" ; -lin reply5013 = verb2 "reply" "to" ; -lin report5014 = noun "report" ; -lin report5015 = verb2 "report" "" ; -lin report5016 = verb2 "report" "" ; -lin reprehend5017 = verb2 "reprehend" "" ; -lin reprehensible5018 = mkAdj1 "reprehensible" ; -lin represent5019 = verb2 "represent" "" ; -lin representative5020 = mkAdj1 "representative" ; -lin representative5021 = noun "representative" ; -lin reprove5022 = verb2 "reprove" "" ; -lin reptile5023 = noun "reptile" ; -lin republic5024 = noun "republic" ; -lin request5025 = verb2 "request" "" ; -lin request5026 = noun "request" ; -lin require5027 = verb2 "require" "" ; -lin require5028 = verb3 "require" "" "" ; -lin requisite5029 = mkAdj1 "requisite" ; -lin rescue5030 = verb2 "rescue" "" ; -lin resemble5031 = verb2 "resemble" "" ; -lin reset5032 = verb2 "reset" "" ; -lin reside5033 = verb2 "reside" "" ; -lin residence5034 = noun "residence" ; -lin resident5035 = noun "resident" ; -lin residue5036 = noun "residue" ; -lin resist5037 = verb2 "resist" "" ; -lin resistant5038 = mkAdj2 "resistant" "to" ; -lin resistence5039 = noun "resistence" ; -lin resolute5040 = mkAdj1 "resolute" ; -lin resolution5041 = noun "resolution" ; -lin resolve5042 = verb2 "resolve" "" ; -lin resort5043 = noun "resort" ; -lin resort5044 = verb2 "resort" "to" ; -lin resource5045 = noun "resource" ; -lin respect5046 = noun "respect" ; -lin respect5047 = verb2 "respect" "" ; -lin respective5048 = mkAdj1 "respective" ; -lin respiration5049 = noun "respiration" ; -lin respiratory5050 = mkAdj1 "respiratory" ; -lin respond5051 = verb2 "respond" "to" ; -lin response5052 = noun "response" ; -lin responsible5053 = aGen "responsible" ; -lin responsible5054 = aGen "responsible" ; -lin rest5055 = noun "rest" ; -lin rest5056 = verb2 "rest" "" ; -lin restaurant5057 = noun "restaurant" ; -lin restore5058 = verb3 "restore" "" "to" ; -lin restrain5059 = verb2 "restrain" "" ; -lin restraint5060 = noun "restraint" ; -lin restrict5061 = vGen "restrict" ; -lin result5062 = noun "result" ; -lin result5063 = verb2 "result" "" ; -lin resume5064 = verb2 "resume" "" ; -lin resumption5065 = vGen "resumption" ; -lin resurgence5066 = noun "resurgence" ; -lin resurgent5067 = mkAdj1 "resurgent" ; -lin resurrect5068 = verb2 "resurrect" "" ; -lin retain5069 = verb2 "retain" "" ; -lin retention5070 = noun "retention" ; -lin retract5071 = vGen "retract" ; -lin retrieve5072 = verb2 "retrieve" "" ; -lin return5073 = noun "return" ; -lin return5074 = verb2 "return" "" ; -lin return5075 = verb2 "return" "to" ; -lin revamp5076 = verb2 "revamp" "" ; -lin reveal5077 = verb2 "reveal" "" ; -lin revel5078 = verb2 "revel" "in" ; -lin revelation5079 = noun "revelation" ; -lin revenge5080 = noun "revenge" ; -lin revenue5081 = noun "revenue" ; -lin reverse5082 = verb2 "reverse" "" ; -lin reverse5083 = noun "reverse" ; -lin reversible5084 = mkAdj1 "reversible" ; -lin revise5085 = vGen "revise" ; -lin revive5086 = verb2 "revive" "" ; -lin revocation5087 = noun "revocation" ; -lin revoke5088 = verb2 "revoke" "" ; -lin revolution5089 = noun "revolution" ; -lin revolve5090 = verb2 "revolve" "" ; -lin reward5091 = verb2 "reward" "" ; -lin reward5092 = noun "reward" ; -lin rhetoric5093 = noun "rhetoric" ; -lin rice5094 = noun "rice" ; -lin rich5095 = aGen "rich" ; -lin rid5096 = verb3 "rid" "" "of" ; -lin ride5098 = noun "ride" ; -lin ride5099 = verb2 "ride" "" ; -lin ridiculous5100 = mkAdj1 "ridiculous" ; -lin right5101 = mkAdj1 "right" ; -lin right5102 = noun "right" ; -lin rigid5103 = aGen "rigid" ; -lin rigorous5104 = mkAdj1 "rigorous" ; -lin rigour5105 = noun "rigour" ; -lin ring5106 = noun "ring" ; -lin ring5107 = verb2 "ring" "" ; -lin ring5108 = verb2 "ring" "" ; -lin ripe5109 = aGen "ripe" ; -lin rise5110 = noun "rise" ; -lin rise5111 = verb2 "rise" "" ; -lin risk5113 = noun "risk" ; -lin risk5114 = verb2 "risk" "" ; -lin rite5115 = noun "rite" ; -lin rival5116 = mkAdj1 "rival" ; -lin rival5117 = noun "rival" ; -lin rivalry5118 = noun "rivalry" ; -lin river5119 = noun "river" ; -lin road5120 = noun "road" ; -lin roam5121 = verb2 "roam" "" ; -lin roast5122 = mkAdj1 "roast" ; -lin roast5123 = verb2 "roast" "" ; -lin rob5124 = verb2 "rob" "" ; -lin robot5125 = noun "robot" ; -lin robust5126 = mkAdj1 "robust" ; -lin rock5127 = noun "rock" ; -lin rock5128 = verb2 "rock" "" ; -lin rock5129 = verb2 "rock" "" ; -lin rod5130 = noun "rod" ; -lin role5132 = noun "role" ; -lin roll5133 = vGen "roll" ; -lin romance5134 = noun "romance" ; -lin romantic5135 = mkAdj1 "romantic" ; -lin romantic5136 = noun "romantic" ; -lin roof5137 = noun "roof" ; -lin room5138 = noun "room" ; -lin root5139 = noun "root" ; -lin rope5140 = noun "rope" ; -lin rose5142 = noun "rose" ; -lin rot5143 = verb2 "rot" "" ; -lin rotten5144 = aGen "rotten" ; -lin rough5145 = aGen "rough" ; -lin round5146 = aGen "round" ; -lin route5147 = noun "route" ; -lin routine5148 = mkAdj1 "routine" ; -lin routine5149 = noun "routine" ; -lin row5150 = noun "row" ; -lin row5151 = verb2 "row" "" ; -lin royal5152 = aGen "royal" ; -lin royalty5153 = noun "royalty" ; -lin rub5154 = vGen "rub" ; -lin rubber5155 = noun "rubber" ; -lin rubbish5156 = noun "rubbish" ; -lin rude5157 = aGen "rude" ; -lin rude5158 = aGen "rude" ; -lin rudimentary5159 = mkAdj1 "rudimentary" ; -lin ruin5160 = noun "ruin" ; -lin ruin5161 = verb2 "ruin" "" ; -lin rule5162 = noun "rule" ; -lin rule5163 = verb2 "rule" "" ; -lin ruler5164 = noun "ruler" ; -lin rump5165 = noun "rump" ; -lin run5166 = noun "run" ; -lin run5167 = verb2 "run" "" ; -lin run5168 = verb2 "run" "" ; -lin rush5171 = noun "rush" ; -lin russian5172 = mkAdj1 "russian" ; -lin russian5173 = noun "russian" ; -lin sabbatical5179 = mkAdj1 "sabbatical" ; -lin sad5180 = aGen "sad" ; -lin safe5181 = noun "safe" ; -lin safe5182 = aGen "safe" ; -lin safe5183 = aGen "safe" ; -lin safety5184 = noun "safety" ; -lin sail5187 = noun "sail" ; -lin saint5188 = noun "saint" ; -lin saintly5189 = aGen "saintly" ; -lin sake5190 = noun "sake" ; -lin salad5191 = noun "salad" ; -lin sale5192 = noun "sale" ; -lin salient5193 = mkAdj1 "salient" ; -lin saline5194 = mkAdj1 "saline" ; -lin salt5195 = noun "salt" ; -lin same5196 = mkAdj1 "same" ; -lin sample5197 = noun "sample" ; -lin sanction5198 = noun "sanction" ; -lin sanction5199 = verb2 "sanction" "" ; -lin sand5200 = noun "sand" ; -lin sandy5201 = noun "sandy" ; -lin sane5202 = aGen "sane" ; -lin satanic5209 = mkAdj1 "satanic" ; -lin satisfaction5210 = noun "satisfaction" ; -lin satisfactory5211 = mkAdj1 "satisfactory" ; -lin satisfy5212 = verb2 "satisfy" "" ; -lin saturday5213 = noun "saturday" ; -lin sauce5214 = noun "sauce" ; -lin saucer5215 = noun "saucer" ; -lin saucy5216 = aGen "saucy" ; -lin sausage5217 = noun "sausage" ; -lin save5218 = verb2 "save" "" ; -lin savings5219 = noun "savings" ; -lin saw5220 = noun "saw" ; -lin saw5222 = verb2 "saw" "" ; -lin say5224 = verb2 "say" "" ; -lin scale5225 = noun "scale" ; -lin scan5226 = verb2 "scan" "" ; -lin scarce5227 = aGen "scarce" ; -lin scare5228 = verb2 "scare" "" ; -lin scatter5229 = verb2 "scatter" "" ; -lin scenario5230 = noun "scenario" ; -lin scene5231 = noun "scene" ; -lin sceptic5232 = noun "sceptic" ; -lin schedule5233 = noun "schedule" ; -lin schedule5234 = verb2 "schedule" "" ; -lin schema5235 = noun "schema" ; -lin schematic5237 = aGen "schematic" ; -lin scheme5238 = noun "scheme" ; -lin scholastic5239 = mkAdj1 "scholastic" ; -lin school5240 = noun "school" ; -lin science5241 = noun "science" ; -lin scientific5242 = mkAdj1 "scientific" ; -lin scientist5243 = noun "scientist" ; -lin scissors5244 = noun "scissors" ; -lin scold5245 = vGen "scold" ; -lin scope5246 = noun "scope" ; -lin score5247 = noun "score" ; -lin score5248 = verb2 "score" "" ; -lin score5249 = noun "score" ; -lin scramble5250 = verb2 "scramble" "" ; -lin scratch5251 = noun "scratch" ; -lin scratch5252 = verb2 "scratch" "" ; -lin screen5253 = noun "screen" ; -lin screw5254 = noun "screw" ; -lin screw5255 = verb3 "screw" "" "to" ; -lin screw5256 = verb2 "screw" "" ; -lin script5257 = noun "script" ; -lin scrupulous5258 = mkAdj1 "scrupulous" ; -lin scrutiny5259 = noun "scrutiny" ; -lin sea5260 = noun "sea" ; -lin search5261 = noun "search" ; -lin search5262 = verb2 "search" "" ; -lin search5263 = verb2 "search" "for" ; -lin season5264 = noun "season" ; -lin season5265 = verb2 "season" "" ; -lin seat5266 = noun "seat" ; -lin second5267 = aGen "second" ; -lin second5268 = noun "second" ; -lin secrecy5269 = noun "secrecy" ; -lin secret5270 = mkAdj2 "secret" "from" ; -lin secret5271 = noun "secret" ; -lin secretary5272 = noun "secretary" ; -lin section5273 = noun "section" ; -lin secure5274 = verb2 "secure" "" ; -lin secure5275 = aGen "secure" ; -lin secure5276 = aGen "secure" ; -lin see5277 = verb2 "see" "" ; -lin seed5278 = noun "seed" ; -lin seek5279 = verb2 "seek" "" ; -lin seem5280 = verb2 "seem" "" ; -lin seem5281 = verb3 "seem" "" "" ; -lin seem5282 = verb2 "seem" "" ; -lin segment5284 = noun "segment" ; -lin segment5285 = verb2 "segment" "" ; -lin seize5286 = verb2 "seize" "" ; -lin seldom5287 = mkAdv "seldom" ; -lin select5288 = vGen "select" ; -lin self5289 = noun "self" ; -lin sell5290 = verb2 "sell" "" ; -lin selves5291 = noun "selves" ; -lin semantic5292 = mkAdj1 "semantic" ; -lin semantics5293 = noun "semantics" ; -lin send5295 = verb3 "send" "" "" ; -lin send5296 = verb3 "send" "" "to" ; -lin sensation5297 = noun "sensation" ; -lin sense5298 = noun "sense" ; -lin sense5299 = verb2 "sense" "" ; -lin sense5300 = verb2 "sense" "" ; -lin sensible5301 = mkAdj1 "sensible" ; -lin sensitive5302 = aGen "sensitive" ; -lin sensitive5303 = aGen "sensitive" ; -lin sensory5304 = mkAdj1 "sensory" ; -lin sentence5309 = noun "sentence" ; -lin separate5310 = verb2 "separate" "" ; -lin separate5311 = verb3 "separate" "" "from" ; -lin separate5312 = aGen "separate" ; -lin separate5313 = aGen "separate" ; -lin september5314 = noun "september" ; -lin sequel5315 = noun "sequel" ; -lin sequence5316 = noun "sequence" ; -lin serial5317 = mkAdj1 "serial" ; -lin series5318 = noun "series" ; -lin serious5319 = mkAdj1 "serious" ; -lin servant5320 = noun "servant" ; -lin serve5321 = verb2 "serve" "" ; -lin service5322 = noun "service" ; -lin session5323 = noun "session" ; -lin set5325 = noun "set" ; -lin set5326 = verb2 "set" "" ; -lin set5327 = vGen "set" ; -lin setting5328 = noun "setting" ; -lin settle5329 = verb2 "settle" "" ; -lin seven5330 = aGen "seven" ; -lin seventeen5331 = aGen "seventeen" ; -lin seventeenth5332 = aGen "seventeenth" ; -lin seventh5333 = aGen "seventh" ; -lin seventy5335 = aGen "seventy" ; -lin several5336 = noun "several" ; -lin several5337 = aGen "several" ; -lin severe5338 = mkAdj1 "severe" ; -lin sew5339 = verb2 "sew" "" ; -lin sew5340 = verb2 "sew" "" ; -lin sex5345 = noun "sex" ; -lin sexual5346 = mkAdj1 "sexual" ; -lin shade5347 = noun "shade" ; -lin shade5348 = verb2 "shade" "" ; -lin shadow5349 = noun "shadow" ; -lin shake5350 = noun "shake" ; -lin shake5351 = verb2 "shake" "" ; -lin shake5352 = verb2 "shake" "" ; -lin shall5355 = vGen "shall" ; -lin shallow5356 = aGen "shallow" ; -lin shame5357 = noun "shame" ; -lin shape5359 = verb2 "shape" "" ; -lin share5360 = noun "share" ; -lin share5361 = verb3 "share" "" "with" ; -lin sharp5362 = aGen "sharp" ; -lin shatter5363 = verb2 "shatter" "" ; -lin shave5364 = noun "shave" ; -lin shave5365 = verb2 "shave" "" ; -lin shave5366 = verb2 "shave" "" ; -lin shaven5367 = mkAdj1 "shaven" ; -lin she5368 = noun "she" ; -lin shear5369 = verb2 "shear" "" ; -lin shears5370 = noun "shears" ; -lin shed5371 = noun "shed" ; -lin shed5372 = verb2 "shed" "" ; -lin shed5373 = verb2 "shed" "" ; -lin shed5374 = verb2 "shed" "" ; -lin sheep5375 = noun "sheep" ; -lin sheer5376 = aGen "sheer" ; -lin sheet5377 = noun "sheet" ; -lin shelf5378 = noun "shelf" ; -lin shell5379 = noun "shell" ; -lin shelve5380 = verb2 "shelve" "" ; -lin shift5382 = verb2 "shift" "" ; -lin shine5383 = vGen "shine" ; -lin ship5385 = noun "ship" ; -lin shirt5386 = noun "shirt" ; -lin shock5387 = noun "shock" ; -lin shock5388 = verb2 "shock" "" ; -lin shoe5389 = noun "shoe" ; -lin shoot5394 = verb2 "shoot" "" ; -lin shop5395 = noun "shop" ; -lin shore5396 = noun "shore" ; -lin short5397 = aGen "short" ; -lin shortcoming5398 = noun "shortcoming" ; -lin shot5399 = noun "shot" ; -lin should5402 = vGen "should" ; -lin shoulder5403 = noun "shoulder" ; -lin shoulder5404 = verb2 "shoulder" "" ; -lin shout5406 = noun "shout" ; -lin shout5407 = verb2 "shout" "" ; -lin show5408 = noun "show" ; -lin show5409 = verb3 "show" "" "" ; -lin shrug5412 = verb2 "shrug" "" ; -lin shrug5413 = verb2 "shrug" "" ; -lin shrug5414 = noun "shrug" ; -lin shut5415 = verb2 "shut" "" ; -lin shut5416 = verb2 "shut" "" ; -lin shut5417 = verb2 "shut" "" ; -lin sibling5418 = noun "sibling" ; -lin sick5419 = aGen "sick" ; -lin side5420 = noun "side" ; -lin sidestep5421 = verb2 "sidestep" "" ; -lin sideways5423 = mkAdj1 "sideways" ; -lin sight5424 = noun "sight" ; -lin sign5425 = noun "sign" ; -lin sign5426 = verb2 "sign" "" ; -lin signal5427 = noun "signal" ; -lin signal5428 = verb2 "signal" "" ; -lin signature5429 = noun "signature" ; -lin significance5430 = noun "significance" ; -lin significant5431 = mkAdj1 "significant" ; -lin signify5432 = verb2 "signify" "" ; -lin silence5433 = noun "silence" ; -lin silent5434 = mkAdj1 "silent" ; -lin silk5435 = mkAdj1 "silk" ; -lin silk5436 = noun "silk" ; -lin silly5437 = aGen "silly" ; -lin silver5438 = noun "silver" ; -lin similar5439 = aGen "similar" ; -lin similar5440 = aGen "similar" ; -lin simple5441 = aGen "simple" ; -lin simplicity5442 = noun "simplicity" ; -lin simulate5443 = verb2 "simulate" "" ; -lin simultaneous5444 = mkAdj1 "simultaneous" ; -lin sincere5448 = mkAdj1 "sincere" ; -lin sing5449 = verb2 "sing" "" ; -lin sing5450 = verb2 "sing" "" ; -lin single5451 = mkAdj1 "single" ; -lin singular5452 = mkAdj1 "singular" ; -lin sink5453 = verb2 "sink" "" ; -lin sink5454 = verb2 "sink" "" ; -lin sister5456 = noun "sister" ; -lin sit5457 = verb2 "sit" "" ; -lin sit5458 = verb2 "sit" "" ; -lin site5459 = noun "site" ; -lin situation5460 = noun "situation" ; -lin six5461 = aGen "six" ; -lin sixteen5462 = aGen "sixteen" ; -lin sixteenth5463 = aGen "sixteenth" ; -lin sixth5464 = aGen "sixth" ; -lin sixtieth5465 = aGen "sixtieth" ; -lin sixty5466 = aGen "sixty" ; -lin size5467 = noun "size" ; -lin skate5468 = noun "skate" ; -lin skate5469 = verb2 "skate" "" ; -lin skeletal5470 = mkAdj1 "skeletal" ; -lin skeleton5471 = noun "skeleton" ; -lin sketch5472 = noun "sketch" ; -lin sketch5473 = verb2 "sketch" "" ; -lin skilful5474 = mkAdj1 "skilful" ; -lin skill5475 = noun "skill" ; -lin skilled5476 = mkAdj1 "skilled" ; -lin skin5477 = noun "skin" ; -lin skip5478 = verb2 "skip" "" ; -lin skip5479 = verb2 "skip" "" ; -lin skirt5480 = noun "skirt" ; -lin sky5481 = noun "sky" ; -lin slash5482 = noun "slash" ; -lin slave5483 = noun "slave" ; -lin sledge5484 = noun "sledge" ; -lin sleep5485 = noun "sleep" ; -lin sleep5486 = verb2 "sleep" "" ; -lin slide5489 = verb2 "slide" "" ; -lin slight5490 = aGen "slight" ; -lin slight5491 = noun "slight" ; -lin slim5492 = aGen "slim" ; -lin slim5493 = verb2 "slim" "" ; -lin slip5494 = vGen "slip" ; -lin slip5495 = noun "slip" ; -lin slipper5496 = noun "slipper" ; -lin slippery5497 = aGen "slippery" ; -lin sloe5498 = noun "sloe" ; -lin slope5499 = noun "slope" ; -lin slot5500 = noun "slot" ; -lin slow5501 = aGen "slow" ; -lin small5502 = aGen "small" ; -lin smart5503 = aGen "smart" ; -lin smell5504 = noun "smell" ; -lin smell5505 = verb2 "smell" "" ; -lin smell5506 = verb2 "smell" "" ; -lin smelt5508 = verb2 "smelt" "" ; -lin smile5512 = noun "smile" ; -lin smile5513 = verb2 "smile" "" ; -lin smoke5514 = noun "smoke" ; -lin smoke5515 = verb2 "smoke" "" ; -lin smooth5516 = aGen "smooth" ; -lin smooth5517 = verb2 "smooth" "" ; -lin snake5518 = noun "snake" ; -lin snap5519 = verb2 "snap" "" ; -lin snap5520 = verb2 "snap" "" ; -lin snapshot5521 = noun "snapshot" ; -lin snow5522 = vGen "snow" ; -lin snow5523 = noun "snow" ; -lin soap5525 = noun "soap" ; -lin social5526 = mkAdj1 "social" ; -lin society5527 = noun "society" ; -lin sock5528 = noun "sock" ; -lin sodium5529 = noun "sodium" ; -lin soft5530 = aGen "soft" ; -lin software5531 = noun "software" ; -lin soil5532 = noun "soil" ; -lin soldier5535 = noun "soldier" ; -lin sole5536 = mkAdj1 "sole" ; -lin sole5537 = noun "sole" ; -lin solemn5538 = mkAdj1 "solemn" ; -lin solid5539 = aGen "solid" ; -lin solid5540 = noun "solid" ; -lin soliloquy5542 = noun "soliloquy" ; -lin solo5543 = mkAdj1 "solo" ; -lin solo5544 = noun "solo" ; -lin solution5545 = noun "solution" ; -lin solve5546 = verb2 "solve" "" ; -lin some5548 = aGen "some" ; -lin somewhat5554 = mkAdv "somewhat" ; -lin son5556 = noun "son" ; -lin song5557 = noun "song" ; -lin soon5559 = mkAdv "soon" ; -lin sophisticated5560 = mkAdj1 "sophisticated" ; -lin sophistication5561 = noun "sophistication" ; -lin sore5562 = aGen "sore" ; -lin sore5563 = noun "sore" ; -lin sorrow5564 = noun "sorrow" ; -lin sorry5565 = aGen "sorry" ; -lin sorry5566 = aGen "sorry" ; -lin sorry5567 = aGen "sorry" ; -lin sort5568 = noun "sort" ; -lin sort5569 = verb2 "sort" "" ; -lin soul5572 = noun "soul" ; -lin sound5573 = aGen "sound" ; -lin sound5574 = noun "sound" ; -lin sound5575 = verb2 "sound" "" ; -lin soup5576 = noun "soup" ; -lin sour5577 = aGen "sour" ; -lin source5578 = noun "source" ; -lin south5579 = noun "south" ; -lin south5580 = aGen "south" ; -lin south5581 = aGen "south" ; -lin southern5582 = mkAdj1 "southern" ; -lin space5583 = noun "space" ; -lin spade5584 = noun "spade" ; -lin spain5585 = noun "spain" ; -lin span5587 = verb2 "span" "" ; -lin spanish5588 = aGen "spanish" ; -lin spare5589 = mkAdj1 "spare" ; -lin spare5590 = verb3 "spare" "" "" ; -lin sparrow5591 = noun "sparrow" ; -lin spate5592 = noun "spate" ; -lin spatial5593 = mkAdj1 "spatial" ; -lin speak5594 = verb2 "speak" "" ; -lin spear5595 = noun "spear" ; -lin spear5596 = verb2 "spear" "" ; -lin special5597 = mkAdj1 "special" ; -lin specialist5598 = noun "specialist" ; -lin specific5599 = aGen "specific" ; -lin specific5600 = aGen "specific" ; -lin specifically5601 = mkAdv "specifically" ; -lin specify5602 = verb2 "specify" "" ; -lin spectacle5603 = noun "spectacle" ; -lin spectacles5604 = noun "spectacles" ; -lin spectacular5605 = mkAdj1 "spectacular" ; -lin spectra5606 = noun "spectra" ; -lin spectral5607 = mkAdj1 "spectral" ; -lin spectrum5608 = noun "spectrum" ; -lin speculate5609 = verb2 "speculate" "" ; -lin sped5610 = verb2 "sped" "" ; -lin sped5611 = verb2 "sped" "" ; -lin speech5612 = noun "speech" ; -lin speed5613 = noun "speed" ; -lin spell5614 = noun "spell" ; -lin spell5615 = verb2 "spell" "" ; -lin spell5616 = verb2 "spell" "" ; -lin spend5621 = verb2 "spend" "" ; -lin spin5624 = verb2 "spin" "" ; -lin spin5625 = verb2 "spin" "" ; -lin spinster5626 = noun "spinster" ; -lin spirit5627 = noun "spirit" ; -lin spite5628 = noun "spite" ; -lin splendid5629 = mkAdj1 "splendid" ; -lin splendour5630 = noun "splendour" ; -lin split5632 = vGen "split" ; -lin split5633 = noun "split" ; -lin split5634 = vGen "split" ; -lin spoil5635 = verb2 "spoil" "" ; -lin spoke5639 = noun "spoke" ; -lin spokesman5641 = noun "spokesman" ; -lin spoon5642 = noun "spoon" ; -lin sport5643 = noun "sport" ; -lin spot5644 = noun "spot" ; -lin spot5645 = verb2 "spot" "" ; -lin spread5648 = verb2 "spread" "" ; -lin spread5649 = vGen "spread" ; -lin spring5650 = noun "spring" ; -lin spring5651 = verb2 "spring" "" ; -lin spur5654 = noun "spur" ; -lin spurious5655 = mkAdj1 "spurious" ; -lin square5656 = aGen "square" ; -lin square5657 = noun "square" ; -lin stable5658 = aGen "stable" ; -lin stable5659 = noun "stable" ; -lin stack5660 = noun "stack" ; -lin stack5661 = verb2 "stack" "" ; -lin staff5662 = noun "staff" ; -lin staff5663 = verb2 "staff" "" ; -lin stag5664 = noun "stag" ; -lin stage5665 = noun "stage" ; -lin stage5666 = verb2 "stage" "" ; -lin stain5667 = noun "stain" ; -lin stain5668 = verb2 "stain" "" ; -lin stair5669 = noun "stair" ; -lin stake5670 = noun "stake" ; -lin stamp5671 = noun "stamp" ; -lin stance5672 = noun "stance" ; -lin stand5673 = vGen "stand" ; -lin standard5674 = mkAdj1 "standard" ; -lin standard5675 = noun "standard" ; -lin star5677 = noun "star" ; -lin stare5678 = noun "stare" ; -lin stare5679 = verb2 "stare" "at" ; -lin start5680 = noun "start" ; -lin start5681 = verb2 "start" "" ; -lin start5682 = verb2 "start" "" ; -lin startle5683 = verb2 "startle" "" ; -lin state5684 = noun "state" ; -lin state5685 = verb3 "state" "" "" ; -lin static5686 = mkAdj1 "static" ; -lin station5687 = noun "station" ; -lin stationary5688 = mkAdj1 "stationary" ; -lin stationer5689 = noun "stationer" ; -lin stationery5690 = noun "stationery" ; -lin statistic5691 = noun "statistic" ; -lin statistical5692 = mkAdj1 "statistical" ; -lin statistics5693 = noun "statistics" ; -lin statistics5694 = noun "statistics" ; -lin stative5695 = mkAdj1 "stative" ; -lin statue5696 = noun "statue" ; -lin stature5697 = noun "stature" ; -lin status5698 = noun "status" ; -lin stay5699 = noun "stay" ; -lin stay5700 = verb2 "stay" "" ; -lin steady5701 = aGen "steady" ; -lin steal5702 = verb3 "steal" "" "from" ; -lin steam5703 = noun "steam" ; -lin steam5704 = verb2 "steam" "" ; -lin steel5705 = noun "steel" ; -lin steel5706 = verb2 "steel" "" ; -lin steep5707 = aGen "steep" ; -lin steeple5708 = noun "steeple" ; -lin steer5709 = noun "steer" ; -lin steer5710 = verb2 "steer" "" ; -lin stem5711 = noun "stem" ; -lin stem5712 = verb2 "stem" "" ; -lin step5713 = noun "step" ; -lin step5714 = verb2 "step" "" ; -lin sterile5715 = mkAdj1 "sterile" ; -lin stick5716 = noun "stick" ; -lin stick5717 = verb2 "stick" "to" ; -lin sticky5718 = aGen "sticky" ; -lin stiff5719 = aGen "stiff" ; -lin still5720 = mkAdv "still" ; -lin still5721 = aGen "still" ; -lin sting5722 = noun "sting" ; -lin sting5723 = verb2 "sting" "" ; -lin stipulate5724 = verb2 "stipulate" "" ; -lin stitch5725 = noun "stitch" ; -lin stitch5726 = verb2 "stitch" "" ; -lin stock5727 = noun "stock" ; -lin stock5728 = verb2 "stock" "" ; -lin stocking5729 = noun "stocking" ; -lin stomach5732 = noun "stomach" ; -lin stone5733 = noun "stone" ; -lin stool5736 = noun "stool" ; -lin stoop5737 = vGen "stoop" ; -lin stop5738 = noun "stop" ; -lin stop5739 = verb2 "stop" "" ; -lin stop5740 = verb2 "stop" "" ; -lin storage5741 = noun "storage" ; -lin store5742 = noun "store" ; -lin store5743 = verb2 "store" "" ; -lin storm5744 = noun "storm" ; -lin story5745 = noun "story" ; -lin straight5746 = aGen "straight" ; -lin straightforward5747 = mkAdj1 "straightforward" ; -lin strain5748 = noun "strain" ; -lin strain5749 = verb2 "strain" "" ; -lin strand5750 = verb2 "strand" "" ; -lin strange5751 = aGen "strange" ; -lin stranger5752 = noun "stranger" ; -lin strategy5754 = noun "strategy" ; -lin stratum5755 = noun "stratum" ; -lin straw5756 = noun "straw" ; -lin strawberry5757 = noun "strawberry" ; -lin stray5758 = aGen "stray" ; -lin stray5759 = verb2 "stray" "" ; -lin stream5760 = noun "stream" ; -lin streamlined5761 = mkAdj1 "streamlined" ; -lin street5762 = noun "street" ; -lin strength5763 = noun "strength" ; -lin strengthen5764 = verb2 "strengthen" "" ; -lin stress5765 = noun "stress" ; -lin stress5766 = verb2 "stress" "" ; -lin stretch5767 = vGen "stretch" ; -lin strew5768 = verb2 "strew" "" ; -lin strict5771 = aGen "strict" ; -lin strident5772 = mkAdj1 "strident" ; -lin strike5773 = verb2 "strike" "" ; -lin string5774 = noun "string" ; -lin strip5775 = noun "strip" ; -lin strip5776 = verb2 "strip" "" ; -lin strive5777 = verb2 "strive" "for" ; -lin stroke5779 = noun "stroke" ; -lin stroke5780 = verb2 "stroke" "" ; -lin strong5781 = aGen "strong" ; -lin structuralism5785 = noun "structuralism" ; -lin structuralist5786 = noun "structuralist" ; -lin structure5787 = noun "structure" ; -lin struggle5788 = noun "struggle" ; -lin struggle5789 = verb2 "struggle" "with" ; -lin student5792 = noun "student" ; -lin study5793 = vGen "study" ; -lin study5794 = noun "study" ; -lin stuff5795 = noun "stuff" ; -lin stuff5796 = verb2 "stuff" "" ; -lin stupid5799 = aGen "stupid" ; -lin stupor5800 = noun "stupor" ; -lin stutter5801 = verb2 "stutter" "" ; -lin style5802 = noun "style" ; -lin stylistic5803 = mkAdj1 "stylistic" ; -lin suave5804 = aGen "suave" ; -lin subcategorize5806 = verb2 "subcategorize" "" ; -lin subjacency5807 = noun "subjacency" ; -lin subjacent5808 = mkAdj2 "subjacent" "" ; -lin subjacent5809 = mkAdj2 "subjacent" "to" ; -lin subject5810 = verb3 "subject" "" "to" ; -lin subject5811 = noun "subject" ; -lin subjective5812 = mkAdj1 "subjective" ; -lin submarine5813 = mkAdj1 "submarine" ; -lin submarine5814 = noun "submarine" ; -lin submission5815 = noun "submission" ; -lin submit5816 = verb2 "submit" "to" ; -lin subordinate5817 = mkAdj1 "subordinate" ; -lin subordinate5818 = verb2 "subordinate" "" ; -lin subsequent5819 = mkAdj1 "subsequent" ; -lin subservient5820 = mkAdj1 "subservient" ; -lin substance5821 = noun "substance" ; -lin substantial5822 = mkAdj1 "substantial" ; -lin substantive5823 = mkAdj1 "substantive" ; -lin substitute5824 = verb3 "substitute" "" "for" ; -lin substitute5825 = noun "substitute" ; -lin subsume5826 = verb2 "subsume" "" ; -lin subsumption5827 = noun "subsumption" ; -lin subtle5828 = aGen "subtle" ; -lin subtlety5829 = noun "subtlety" ; -lin subtract5830 = verb3 "subtract" "" "from" ; -lin succeed5831 = verb2 "succeed" "in" ; -lin success5832 = noun "success" ; -lin succession5833 = noun "succession" ; -lin successive5834 = mkAdj1 "successive" ; -lin successor5835 = noun "successor" ; -lin succinct5836 = mkAdj1 "succinct" ; -lin succumb5837 = verb2 "succumb" "to" ; -lin such5838 = aGen "such" ; -lin suck5839 = verb2 "suck" "" ; -lin sudden5840 = mkAdj1 "sudden" ; -lin sue5841 = noun "sue" ; -lin suffer5842 = verb2 "suffer" "from" ; -lin suffice5843 = verb2 "suffice" "" ; -lin sufficient5844 = mkAdj1 "sufficient" ; -lin suffix5845 = verb2 "suffix" "" ; -lin suffix5846 = noun "suffix" ; -lin sugar5847 = noun "sugar" ; -lin suggest5848 = verb2 "suggest" "" ; -lin suit5849 = verb2 "suit" "" ; -lin suit5850 = noun "suit" ; -lin suitable5851 = mkAdj1 "suitable" ; -lin suite5852 = noun "suite" ; -lin sum5853 = noun "sum" ; -lin summer5854 = noun "summer" ; -lin sun5855 = noun "sun" ; -lin sunday5856 = noun "sunday" ; -lin sunshine5861 = noun "sunshine" ; -lin super5863 = mkAdj1 "super" ; -lin superficial5864 = mkAdj1 "superficial" ; -lin superior5865 = mkAdj1 "superior" ; -lin supersede5866 = verb2 "supersede" "" ; -lin supervisor5867 = noun "supervisor" ; -lin supper5868 = noun "supper" ; -lin supplement5869 = verb2 "supplement" "" ; -lin supplement5870 = noun "supplement" ; -lin supplementary5871 = mkAdj1 "supplementary" ; -lin suppletion5872 = noun "suppletion" ; -lin suppletive5873 = mkAdj1 "suppletive" ; -lin supply5874 = verb2 "supply" "" ; -lin supply5875 = verb3 "supply" "" "to" ; -lin supply5876 = verb3 "supply" "" "with" ; -lin supply5877 = noun "supply" ; -lin support5878 = verb2 "support" "" ; -lin support5879 = noun "support" ; -lin suppose5880 = verb2 "suppose" "" ; -lin supposition5881 = noun "supposition" ; -lin suppress5882 = verb2 "suppress" "" ; -lin sure5883 = aGen "sure" ; -lin sure5884 = aGen "sure" ; -lin sure5885 = aGen "sure" ; -lin surface5886 = verb2 "surface" "" ; -lin surface5887 = noun "surface" ; -lin surgeon5888 = noun "surgeon" ; -lin surgery5889 = noun "surgery" ; -lin surgical5890 = mkAdj1 "surgical" ; -lin surmount5891 = verb2 "surmount" "" ; -lin surprise5892 = vGen "surprise" ; -lin surprise5893 = vGen "surprise" ; -lin surprise5894 = verb2 "surprise" "" ; -lin surprise5895 = noun "surprise" ; -lin surround5896 = verb2 "surround" "" ; -lin survey5897 = verb2 "survey" "" ; -lin survey5898 = noun "survey" ; -lin survive5899 = verb2 "survive" "" ; -lin susceptible5900 = mkAdj1 "susceptible" ; -lin suspect5901 = verb2 "suspect" "" ; -lin suspect5902 = verb2 "suspect" "" ; -lin suspect5903 = noun "suspect" ; -lin suspend5904 = verb2 "suspend" "" ; -lin suspense5905 = noun "suspense" ; -lin suspicion5906 = noun "suspicion" ; -lin suspicious5907 = mkAdj1 "suspicious" ; -lin sustain5908 = verb2 "sustain" "" ; -lin sustenance5909 = noun "sustenance" ; -lin swallow5910 = verb2 "swallow" "" ; -lin swan5912 = noun "swan" ; -lin swap5914 = verb3 "swap" "" "for" ; -lin swear5915 = verb2 "swear" "" ; -lin swede5916 = noun "swede" ; -lin sweden5917 = noun "sweden" ; -lin swedish5918 = aGen "swedish" ; -lin sweep5919 = verb2 "sweep" "" ; -lin sweet5920 = noun "sweet" ; -lin swell5921 = vGen "swell" ; -lin swift5925 = aGen "swift" ; -lin swift5926 = noun "swift" ; -lin swim5927 = vGen "swim" ; -lin swim5928 = noun "swim" ; -lin swing5929 = vGen "swing" ; -lin swiss5930 = mkAdj1 "swiss" ; -lin switch5931 = verb2 "switch" "" ; -lin switch5932 = noun "switch" ; -lin switzerland5933 = noun "switzerland" ; -lin sword5935 = noun "sword" ; -lin syllabic5940 = mkAdj1 "syllabic" ; -lin syllable5941 = noun "syllable" ; -lin syllogism5942 = noun "syllogism" ; -lin symbol5943 = noun "symbol" ; -lin symmetry5944 = noun "symmetry" ; -lin sympathetic5945 = aGen "sympathetic" ; -lin sympathetic5946 = aGen "sympathetic" ; -lin sympathy5947 = noun "sympathy" ; -lin symptom5948 = noun "symptom" ; -lin symptomatic5949 = mkAdj2 "symptomatic" "" ; -lin symptomatic5950 = mkAdj2 "symptomatic" "of" ; -lin synchronous5951 = mkAdj1 "synchronous" ; -lin synonym5952 = noun "synonym" ; -lin synonymous5953 = aGen "synonymous" ; -lin synonymous5954 = aGen "synonymous" ; -lin synonymy5955 = noun "synonymy" ; -lin synopsis5956 = noun "synopsis" ; -lin synoptic5957 = mkAdj1 "synoptic" ; -lin syntactic5958 = mkAdj1 "syntactic" ; -lin syntax5959 = noun "syntax" ; -lin synthesis5961 = noun "synthesis" ; -lin synthesize5962 = verb2 "synthesize" "" ; -lin synthetic5963 = mkAdj1 "synthetic" ; -lin system5964 = noun "system" ; -lin systematic5965 = mkAdj1 "systematic" ; -lin systematically5966 = mkAdj1 "systematically" ; -lin systematize5967 = verb2 "systematize" "" ; -lin table5968 = noun "table" ; -lin tabular5969 = mkAdj1 "tabular" ; -lin tabulate5970 = verb2 "tabulate" "" ; -lin tacit5971 = mkAdj1 "tacit" ; -lin tack5972 = noun "tack" ; -lin tackle5973 = verb2 "tackle" "" ; -lin tact5974 = noun "tact" ; -lin tactic5975 = noun "tactic" ; -lin tag5976 = verb2 "tag" "" ; -lin tag5977 = noun "tag" ; -lin tail5978 = noun "tail" ; -lin tailor5979 = noun "tailor" ; -lin take5980 = verb2 "take" "" ; -lin tale5982 = noun "tale" ; -lin talent5983 = noun "talent" ; -lin talented5984 = mkAdj1 "talented" ; -lin talk5985 = verb2 "talk" "about" ; -lin talk5986 = noun "talk" ; -lin tall5987 = aGen "tall" ; -lin tame5988 = aGen "tame" ; -lin tangent5989 = noun "tangent" ; -lin tangle5990 = verb2 "tangle" "" ; -lin tank5991 = noun "tank" ; -lin tap5992 = verb2 "tap" "" ; -lin tap5993 = noun "tap" ; -lin tape5994 = verb2 "tape" "" ; -lin tape5995 = noun "tape" ; -lin target5996 = noun "target" ; -lin task5997 = noun "task" ; -lin taste5998 = verb2 "taste" "" ; -lin taste5999 = verb2 "taste" "of" ; -lin taste6000 = noun "taste" ; -lin tautology6003 = noun "tautology" ; -lin tax6004 = verb2 "tax" "" ; -lin tax6005 = noun "tax" ; -lin taxi6006 = noun "taxi" ; -lin taxonomy6007 = noun "taxonomy" ; -lin tea6008 = noun "tea" ; -lin teach6009 = verb2 "teach" "" ; -lin team6010 = noun "team" ; -lin tear6011 = verb2 "tear" "" ; -lin tear6012 = noun "tear" ; -lin tease6013 = verb2 "tease" "" ; -lin technical6014 = mkAdj1 "technical" ; -lin technique6016 = noun "technique" ; -lin technology6017 = noun "technology" ; -lin tedious6018 = mkAdj1 "tedious" ; -lin tedium6019 = noun "tedium" ; -lin teem6020 = verb2 "teem" "with" ; -lin telegram6022 = noun "telegram" ; -lin telegraph6023 = verb2 "telegraph" "" ; -lin telegraph6024 = noun "telegraph" ; -lin telephone6025 = verb2 "telephone" "" ; -lin telephone6026 = noun "telephone" ; -lin telescope6027 = noun "telescope" ; -lin television6028 = noun "television" ; -lin tell6029 = verb3 "tell" "" "" ; -lin temper6030 = verb3 "temper" "" "with" ; -lin temper6031 = noun "temper" ; -lin temperature6032 = noun "temperature" ; -lin template6033 = noun "template" ; -lin temple6034 = noun "temple" ; -lin temporal6035 = mkAdj1 "temporal" ; -lin temporary6036 = mkAdj1 "temporary" ; -lin tempt6037 = verb2 "tempt" "" ; -lin ten6038 = aGen "ten" ; -lin tend6039 = verb2 "tend" "" ; -lin tendency6040 = noun "tendency" ; -lin tender6041 = aGen "tender" ; -lin tenet6042 = noun "tenet" ; -lin tennis6043 = noun "tennis" ; -lin tenon6044 = noun "tenon" ; -lin tenor6045 = noun "tenor" ; -lin tense6046 = aGen "tense" ; -lin tense6047 = noun "tense" ; -lin tensed6048 = mkAdj1 "tensed" ; -lin tension6049 = noun "tension" ; -lin tent6050 = noun "tent" ; -lin tentative6051 = mkAdj1 "tentative" ; -lin tenth6052 = aGen "tenth" ; -lin term6053 = verb3 "term" "" "" ; -lin term6054 = noun "term" ; -lin terminal6055 = mkAdj1 "terminal" ; -lin terminal6056 = noun "terminal" ; -lin terminate6057 = verb2 "terminate" "" ; -lin terminology6058 = noun "terminology" ; -lin terrace6059 = noun "terrace" ; -lin terrestrial6060 = mkAdj1 "terrestrial" ; -lin terrible6061 = mkAdj1 "terrible" ; -lin terrify6062 = verb2 "terrify" "" ; -lin territory6063 = noun "territory" ; -lin terror6064 = noun "terror" ; -lin terse6065 = aGen "terse" ; -lin test6066 = verb2 "test" "" ; -lin test6067 = noun "test" ; -lin testimony6068 = noun "testimony" ; -lin text6069 = noun "text" ; -lin textbook6070 = noun "textbook" ; -lin thank6072 = verb2 "thank" "" ; -lin thanks6073 = noun "thanks" ; -lin that6077 = noun "that" ; -lin that6078 = noun "that" ; -lin theatre6080 = noun "theatre" ; -lin theatrical6081 = mkAdj1 "theatrical" ; -lin thematic6085 = mkAdj1 "thematic" ; -lin thematically6086 = mkAdv "thematically" ; -lin theme6087 = noun "theme" ; -lin theorem6090 = noun "theorem" ; -lin theoretic6091 = mkAdj1 "theoretic" ; -lin theoretical6092 = mkAdj1 "theoretical" ; -lin theoretically6093 = mkAdv "theoretically" ; -lin theory6094 = noun "theory" ; -lin therapeutic6095 = mkAdj1 "therapeutic" ; -lin therapy6096 = noun "therapy" ; -lin there6097 = noun "there" ; -lin theses6102 = noun "theses" ; -lin thesis6103 = noun "thesis" ; -lin thick6105 = aGen "thick" ; -lin thief6106 = noun "thief" ; -lin thigh6107 = noun "thigh" ; -lin thin6108 = aGen "thin" ; -lin thing6109 = noun "thing" ; -lin think6110 = verb2 "think" "" ; -lin third6111 = aGen "third" ; -lin third6112 = noun "third" ; -lin thirst6113 = noun "thirst" ; -lin thirteen6114 = aGen "thirteen" ; -lin thirteenth6115 = aGen "thirteenth" ; -lin thirtieth6116 = aGen "thirtieth" ; -lin thirty6117 = aGen "thirty" ; -lin thorough6120 = mkAdj1 "thorough" ; -lin thought6125 = noun "thought" ; -lin thousand6127 = noun "thousand" ; -lin thousandth6128 = aGen "thousandth" ; -lin thread6129 = noun "thread" ; -lin threat6130 = noun "threat" ; -lin threaten6131 = verb3 "threaten" "" "with" ; -lin three6132 = aGen "three" ; -lin threshold6133 = noun "threshold" ; -lin throat6135 = noun "throat" ; -lin throw6138 = verb3 "throw" "" "loc" ; -lin throw6139 = noun "throw" ; -lin thrust6141 = verb3 "thrust" "" "loc" ; -lin thrust6142 = noun "thrust" ; -lin thumb6143 = noun "thumb" ; -lin thunder6144 = noun "thunder" ; -lin thursday6145 = noun "thursday" ; -lin ticket6147 = noun "ticket" ; -lin tidy6148 = verb2 "tidy" "" ; -lin tidy6149 = aGen "tidy" ; -lin tie6150 = verb3 "tie" "" "to" ; -lin tie6151 = noun "tie" ; -lin tiger6152 = noun "tiger" ; -lin tight6153 = aGen "tight" ; -lin till6154 = verb2 "till" "" ; -lin till6155 = noun "till" ; -lin time6157 = verb2 "time" "" ; -lin time6158 = noun "time" ; -lin timely6159 = aGen "timely" ; -lin timetable6160 = noun "timetable" ; -lin tin6161 = noun "tin" ; -lin tinker6162 = verb2 "tinker" "with" ; -lin tinker6163 = noun "tinker" ; -lin tip6164 = noun "tip" ; -lin tire6165 = verb2 "tire" "of" ; -lin title6166 = noun "title" ; -lin to6167 = vGen "to" ; -lin toad6170 = noun "toad" ; -lin toast6171 = noun "toast" ; -lin toast6172 = verb2 "toast" "" ; -lin tobacco6173 = noun "tobacco" ; -lin toe6175 = noun "toe" ; -lin token6178 = noun "token" ; -lin tolerance6181 = noun "tolerance" ; -lin tolerate6182 = verb2 "tolerate" "" ; -lin toll6183 = verb2 "toll" "" ; -lin toll6184 = noun "toll" ; -lin tomato6185 = noun "tomato" ; -lin tomb6186 = noun "tomb" ; -lin ton6188 = noun "ton" ; -lin tone6189 = noun "tone" ; -lin tongs6190 = noun "tongs" ; -lin tongue6191 = noun "tongue" ; -lin tonne6193 = noun "tonne" ; -lin tool6196 = noun "tool" ; -lin tooth6197 = noun "tooth" ; -lin top6198 = noun "top" ; -lin topic6199 = noun "topic" ; -lin topology6200 = noun "topology" ; -lin torrent6203 = noun "torrent" ; -lin torrential6204 = mkAdj1 "torrential" ; -lin toss6205 = verb2 "toss" "" ; -lin total6206 = mkAdj1 "total" ; -lin total6207 = noun "total" ; -lin touch6208 = verb2 "touch" "" ; -lin touch6209 = noun "touch" ; -lin tough6210 = aGen "tough" ; -lin tough6211 = aGen "tough" ; -lin tour6212 = verb2 "tour" "" ; -lin tour6213 = noun "tour" ; -lin tourist6214 = noun "tourist" ; -lin tow6215 = verb2 "tow" "" ; -lin tower6217 = noun "tower" ; -lin town6218 = noun "town" ; -lin toxic6219 = mkAdj1 "toxic" ; -lin toy6220 = noun "toy" ; -lin trace6221 = verb2 "trace" "" ; -lin trace6222 = noun "trace" ; -lin track6223 = verb2 "track" "" ; -lin track6224 = noun "track" ; -lin tract6225 = noun "tract" ; -lin tractable6226 = mkAdj1 "tractable" ; -lin trade6227 = noun "trade" ; -lin tradition6228 = noun "tradition" ; -lin traffic6229 = noun "traffic" ; -lin traffic6230 = verb2 "traffic" "in" ; -lin tragedy6231 = noun "tragedy" ; -lin tragic6232 = mkAdj1 "tragic" ; -lin train6233 = verb2 "train" "" ; -lin train6234 = noun "train" ; -lin tramp6235 = noun "tramp" ; -lin tranquil6236 = mkAdj1 "tranquil" ; -lin transaction6238 = noun "transaction" ; -lin transcendental6239 = mkAdj1 "transcendental" ; -lin transcribe6240 = verb2 "transcribe" "" ; -lin transcript6241 = noun "transcript" ; -lin transcription6242 = noun "transcription" ; -lin transfer6243 = verb3 "transfer" "" "to" ; -lin transform6244 = verb2 "transform" "" ; -lin transience6245 = noun "transience" ; -lin transient6246 = mkAdj1 "transient" ; -lin transistor6247 = noun "transistor" ; -lin transit6248 = noun "transit" ; -lin transitive6249 = mkAdj1 "transitive" ; -lin transitory6250 = mkAdj1 "transitory" ; -lin translate6251 = verb3 "translate" "" "into" ; -lin transmit6252 = verb2 "transmit" "" ; -lin transparency6253 = noun "transparency" ; -lin transparent6254 = mkAdj1 "transparent" ; -lin transport6255 = verb2 "transport" "" ; -lin transport6256 = noun "transport" ; -lin trap6257 = verb2 "trap" "" ; -lin trap6258 = noun "trap" ; -lin travel6259 = verb2 "travel" "" ; -lin travel6260 = noun "travel" ; -lin traverse6261 = verb2 "traverse" "" ; -lin tray6262 = noun "tray" ; -lin treat6263 = verb2 "treat" "" ; -lin treatment6264 = noun "treatment" ; -lin treble6265 = mkAdj1 "treble" ; -lin treble6266 = verb2 "treble" "" ; -lin tree6267 = noun "tree" ; -lin tremble6268 = vGen "tremble" ; -lin triangle6269 = noun "triangle" ; -lin triangular6270 = mkAdj1 "triangular" ; -lin tribe6271 = noun "tribe" ; -lin trick6272 = verb2 "trick" "" ; -lin trick6273 = noun "trick" ; -lin trifle6274 = verb2 "trifle" "with" ; -lin trifle6275 = noun "trifle" ; -lin trigger6276 = verb2 "trigger" "" ; -lin trigger6277 = noun "trigger" ; -lin trip6278 = verb2 "trip" "" ; -lin trip6279 = noun "trip" ; -lin triple6280 = mkAdj1 "triple" ; -lin triple6281 = verb2 "triple" "" ; -lin triple6282 = noun "triple" ; -lin triple6283 = noun "triple" ; -lin triumph6284 = verb2 "triumph" "" ; -lin triumph6285 = noun "triumph" ; -lin trivial6286 = mkAdj1 "trivial" ; -lin troops6287 = noun "troops" ; -lin tropic6288 = noun "tropic" ; -lin trouble6289 = verb2 "trouble" "" ; -lin trouble6290 = noun "trouble" ; -lin troublesome6291 = mkAdj1 "troublesome" ; -lin trousers6292 = noun "trousers" ; -lin truck6293 = noun "truck" ; -lin true6294 = aGen "true" ; -lin truncate6295 = verb2 "truncate" "" ; -lin trunk6296 = noun "trunk" ; -lin trust6297 = verb2 "trust" "" ; -lin trust6298 = noun "trust" ; -lin truth6299 = noun "truth" ; -lin try6300 = verb2 "try" "" ; -lin try6301 = verb2 "try" "" ; -lin tub6302 = noun "tub" ; -lin tube6303 = noun "tube" ; -lin tuck6304 = verb3 "tuck" "" "" ; -lin tuesday6305 = noun "tuesday" ; -lin tuition6306 = noun "tuition" ; -lin tumble6307 = verb2 "tumble" "" ; -lin tune6308 = verb2 "tune" "" ; -lin tune6309 = noun "tune" ; -lin turn6310 = verb3 "turn" "" "" ; -lin turn6311 = verb3 "turn" "" "" ; -lin turn6312 = verb2 "turn" "" ; -lin turn6313 = noun "turn" ; -lin turtle6314 = noun "turtle" ; -lin tutor6315 = noun "tutor" ; -lin twelfth6316 = aGen "twelfth" ; -lin twelve6317 = aGen "twelve" ; -lin twentieth6318 = aGen "twentieth" ; -lin twenty6319 = aGen "twenty" ; -lin twice6320 = mkAdv "twice" ; -lin twiddle6321 = verb2 "twiddle" "" ; -lin twin6322 = noun "twin" ; -lin twist6323 = verb2 "twist" "" ; -lin twist6324 = noun "twist" ; -lin two6325 = aGen "two" ; -lin type6326 = verb2 "type" "" ; -lin type6327 = noun "type" ; -lin typical6328 = aGen "typical" ; -lin typical6329 = aGen "typical" ; -lin tyre6330 = noun "tyre" ; -lin ugly6331 = aGen "ugly" ; -lin ulcer6332 = noun "ulcer" ; -lin ultimate6333 = mkAdj1 "ultimate" ; -lin ultimatum6334 = noun "ultimatum" ; -lin unary6337 = mkAdj1 "unary" ; -lin uncertainty6338 = noun "uncertainty" ; -lin uncle6339 = noun "uncle" ; -lin undergraduate6342 = noun "undergraduate" ; -lin underline6343 = verb2 "underline" "" ; -lin undermine6344 = verb2 "undermine" "" ; -lin underneath6347 = noun "underneath" ; -lin underscore6348 = noun "underscore" ; -lin understand6349 = verb2 "understand" "" ; -lin undo6353 = verb2 "undo" "" ; -lin undoubtedly6355 = mkAdv "undoubtedly" ; -lin ungainly6356 = mkAdj1 "ungainly" ; -lin uniform6357 = mkAdj1 "uniform" ; -lin uniform6358 = noun "uniform" ; -lin unify6359 = verb2 "unify" "" ; -lin union6360 = noun "union" ; -lin unique6361 = mkAdj1 "unique" ; -lin unit6362 = noun "unit" ; -lin unitary6363 = mkAdj1 "unitary" ; -lin unite6364 = verb2 "unite" "" ; -lin unity6365 = noun "unity" ; -lin universe6366 = noun "universe" ; -lin university6367 = noun "university" ; -lin unleash6368 = verb2 "unleash" "" ; -lin unplug6369 = verb2 "unplug" "" ; -lin unprecedented6370 = mkAdj1 "unprecedented" ; -lin unusual6373 = mkAdj1 "unusual" ; -lin unwieldy6374 = aGen "unwieldy" ; -lin unwitting6375 = mkAdj1 "unwitting" ; -lin upper6381 = mkAdj1 "upper" ; -lin upright6382 = mkAdj1 "upright" ; -lin upset6383 = verb2 "upset" "" ; -lin upset6384 = verb2 "upset" "" ; -lin upset6385 = verb2 "upset" "" ; -lin urge6388 = verb2 "urge" "" ; -lin urge6389 = noun "urge" ; -lin urgency6390 = noun "urgency" ; -lin urgent6391 = aGen "urgent" ; -lin us6392 = noun "us" ; -lin usage6393 = noun "usage" ; -lin use6394 = verb2 "use" "" ; -lin use6395 = noun "use" ; -lin used6396 = aGen "used" ; -lin usual6397 = mkAdj1 "usual" ; -lin utility6398 = noun "utility" ; -lin utilize6399 = verb2 "utilize" "" ; -lin utter6400 = mkAdj1 "utter" ; -lin utter6401 = verb2 "utter" "" ; -lin utterance6402 = noun "utterance" ; -lin vacuous6403 = mkAdj1 "vacuous" ; -lin vacuum6404 = noun "vacuum" ; -lin vague6405 = aGen "vague" ; -lin valence6406 = noun "valence" ; -lin valency6407 = noun "valency" ; -lin valid6408 = mkAdj1 "valid" ; -lin validate6409 = verb2 "validate" "" ; -lin valley6410 = noun "valley" ; -lin valuable6411 = mkAdj1 "valuable" ; -lin value6412 = verb2 "value" "" ; -lin value6413 = noun "value" ; -lin van6414 = noun "van" ; -lin vanilla6415 = noun "vanilla" ; -lin vanish6416 = verb2 "vanish" "" ; -lin variable6417 = mkAdj1 "variable" ; -lin variable6418 = noun "variable" ; -lin variant6419 = noun "variant" ; -lin variation6420 = noun "variation" ; -lin variety6421 = noun "variety" ; -lin various6422 = mkAdj1 "various" ; -lin varnish6423 = verb2 "varnish" "" ; -lin varnish6424 = noun "varnish" ; -lin vary6425 = vGen "vary" ; -lin vase6426 = noun "vase" ; -lin vast6427 = aGen "vast" ; -lin vector6428 = noun "vector" ; -lin vegetable6429 = noun "vegetable" ; -lin vegetation6430 = noun "vegetation" ; -lin vehicle6431 = noun "vehicle" ; -lin velocity6432 = noun "velocity" ; -lin verb6433 = noun "verb" ; -lin verbose6434 = aGen "verbose" ; -lin verdict6435 = noun "verdict" ; -lin verify6436 = verb2 "verify" "" ; -lin versatile6437 = mkAdj1 "versatile" ; -lin verse6438 = noun "verse" ; -lin version6439 = noun "version" ; -lin vertex6440 = noun "vertex" ; -lin vertical6441 = mkAdj1 "vertical" ; -lin vessel6444 = noun "vessel" ; -lin vet6445 = noun "vet" ; -lin viable6446 = mkAdj1 "viable" ; -lin vice6448 = noun "vice" ; -lin victim6449 = noun "victim" ; -lin victor6450 = noun "victor" ; -lin victory6451 = noun "victory" ; -lin vie6452 = verb2 "vie" "with" ; -lin view6453 = verb2 "view" "" ; -lin view6454 = noun "view" ; -lin vigorous6455 = mkAdj1 "vigorous" ; -lin village6456 = noun "village" ; -lin vindicate6457 = verb2 "vindicate" "" ; -lin vine6458 = noun "vine" ; -lin vineyard6459 = noun "vineyard" ; -lin violate6460 = verb2 "violate" "" ; -lin violence6461 = noun "violence" ; -lin violent6462 = mkAdj1 "violent" ; -lin viral6463 = mkAdj1 "viral" ; -lin virtual6464 = mkAdj1 "virtual" ; -lin virtue6465 = noun "virtue" ; -lin virus6466 = noun "virus" ; -lin visible6467 = aGen "visible" ; -lin visible6468 = aGen "visible" ; -lin vision6469 = noun "vision" ; -lin visit6470 = verb2 "visit" "" ; -lin visit6471 = noun "visit" ; -lin visual6472 = mkAdj1 "visual" ; -lin vital6473 = mkAdj1 "vital" ; -lin vitiate6474 = verb2 "vitiate" "" ; -lin vocabulary6475 = noun "vocabulary" ; -lin voice6476 = noun "voice" ; -lin volatile6477 = mkAdj1 "volatile" ; -lin vole6478 = noun "vole" ; -lin volt6479 = noun "volt" ; -lin volume6480 = noun "volume" ; -lin voluntary6481 = mkAdj1 "voluntary" ; -lin volunteer6482 = verb2 "volunteer" "" ; -lin volunteer6483 = verb2 "volunteer" "for" ; -lin volunteer6484 = noun "volunteer" ; -lin vote6485 = verb2 "vote" "for" ; -lin vote6486 = noun "vote" ; -lin vow6487 = verb2 "vow" "" ; -lin vow6488 = verb2 "vow" "" ; -lin vow6489 = noun "vow" ; -lin vowel6490 = noun "vowel" ; -lin voyage6491 = noun "voyage" ; -lin vulgar6492 = mkAdj1 "vulgar" ; -lin wag6493 = verb2 "wag" "" ; -lin wages6494 = noun "wages" ; -lin waist6495 = noun "waist" ; -lin waistcoat6496 = noun "waistcoat" ; -lin wait6497 = verb2 "wait" "for" ; -lin wait6498 = noun "wait" ; -lin wake6499 = verb2 "wake" "" ; -lin walk6500 = verb2 "walk" "" ; -lin walk6501 = noun "walk" ; -lin wall6502 = noun "wall" ; -lin wan6503 = aGen "wan" ; -lin wander6504 = verb2 "wander" "" ; -lin want6505 = verb2 "want" "" ; -lin want6506 = verb2 "want" "" ; -lin war6507 = noun "war" ; -lin ward6509 = noun "ward" ; -lin warm6510 = verb2 "warm" "" ; -lin warm6511 = aGen "warm" ; -lin warn6512 = verb2 "warn" "" ; -lin warning6513 = noun "warning" ; -lin wash6517 = vGen "wash" ; -lin waste6521 = mkAdj1 "waste" ; -lin waste6522 = verb2 "waste" "" ; -lin waste6523 = noun "waste" ; -lin watch6524 = verb2 "watch" "" ; -lin watch6525 = noun "watch" ; -lin water6526 = noun "water" ; -lin wave6527 = verb2 "wave" "to" ; -lin wave6528 = noun "wave" ; -lin wax6529 = noun "wax" ; -lin way6530 = noun "way" ; -lin we6531 = noun "we" ; -lin weak6532 = aGen "weak" ; -lin wealth6533 = noun "wealth" ; -lin weapon6534 = noun "weapon" ; -lin wear6535 = verb2 "wear" "" ; -lin weather6536 = noun "weather" ; -lin weave6537 = verb2 "weave" "" ; -lin wedding6538 = noun "wedding" ; -lin wedge6539 = noun "wedge" ; -lin wednesday6540 = noun "wednesday" ; -lin weed6541 = noun "weed" ; -lin week6542 = noun "week" ; -lin weep6543 = vGen "weep" ; -lin weigh6544 = verb2 "weigh" "" ; -lin weigh6545 = verb2 "weigh" "" ; -lin weight6546 = noun "weight" ; -lin welcome6547 = mkAdj1 "welcome" ; -lin welcome6548 = verb3 "welcome" "" "to" ; -lin welcome6549 = noun "welcome" ; -lin welfare6550 = noun "welfare" ; -lin well6551 = mkAdv "well" ; -lin well6552 = mkAdj1 "well" ; -lin well6553 = noun "well" ; -lin west6562 = noun "west" ; -lin west6563 = aGen "west" ; -lin west6564 = aGen "west" ; -lin western6565 = mkAdj1 "western" ; -lin wet6566 = aGen "wet" ; -lin wheat6571 = noun "wheat" ; -lin wheel6572 = noun "wheel" ; -lin wheeled6573 = mkAdj1 "wheeled" ; -lin whelk6574 = noun "whelk" ; -lin whim6589 = noun "whim" ; -lin whine6590 = verb2 "whine" "" ; -lin whine6591 = noun "whine" ; -lin whisky6593 = noun "whisky" ; -lin whisper6594 = noun "whisper" ; -lin whisper6595 = verb2 "whisper" "" ; -lin whisper6596 = verb2 "whisper" "" ; -lin whistle6597 = vGen "whistle" ; -lin white6598 = aGen "white" ; -lin whole6602 = mkAdj1 "whole" ; -lin whole6603 = aGen "whole" ; -lin wholly6604 = mkAdv "wholly" ; -lin wicked6612 = mkAdj1 "wicked" ; -lin wide6613 = aGen "wide" ; -lin widow6614 = noun "widow" ; -lin width6615 = noun "width" ; -lin wife6616 = noun "wife" ; -lin wild6617 = aGen "wild" ; -lin will6618 = vGen "will" ; -lin will6619 = noun "will" ; -lin willing6620 = mkAdj2 "willing" "" ; -lin willing6621 = mkAdj2 "willing" "" ; -lin win6622 = verb2 "win" "" ; -lin wind6623 = verb2 "wind" "" ; -lin wind6624 = verb2 "wind" "" ; -lin wind6625 = noun "wind" ; -lin window6626 = noun "window" ; -lin wine6627 = noun "wine" ; -lin wing6628 = noun "wing" ; -lin winter6629 = noun "winter" ; -lin wire6630 = noun "wire" ; -lin wisdom6631 = noun "wisdom" ; -lin wise6633 = aGen "wise" ; -lin wish6634 = verb2 "wish" "for" ; -lin wish6635 = verb2 "wish" "" ; -lin wish6636 = noun "wish" ; -lin witch6637 = noun "witch" ; -lin witheld6641 = vGen "witheld" ; -lin withold6644 = verb2 "withold" "" ; -lin withstand6646 = verb2 "withstand" "" ; -lin witness6649 = verb2 "witness" "" ; -lin witness6650 = noun "witness" ; -lin woman6654 = noun "woman" ; -lin wonder6658 = verb2 "wonder" "" ; -lin wonder6659 = noun "wonder" ; -lin wood6661 = noun "wood" ; -lin wooden6662 = mkAdj1 "wooden" ; -lin wool6663 = noun "wool" ; -lin word6664 = noun "word" ; -lin work6667 = noun "work" ; -lin work6668 = vGen "work" ; -lin world6669 = noun "world" ; -lin worm6670 = noun "worm" ; -lin worry6672 = vGen "worry" ; -lin worry6673 = vGen "worry" ; -lin worry6674 = verb2 "worry" "" ; -lin worry6675 = verb2 "worry" "about" ; -lin worry6676 = noun "worry" ; -lin worship6678 = verb2 "worship" "" ; -lin worthless6681 = mkAdj1 "worthless" ; -lin worthwhile6682 = mkAdj1 "worthwhile" ; -lin worthy6683 = aGen "worthy" ; -lin worthy6684 = aGen "worthy" ; -lin would6685 = vGen "would" ; -lin wound6689 = verb2 "wound" "" ; -lin wound6692 = noun "wound" ; -lin wrap6695 = verb2 "wrap" "" ; -lin wreck6696 = verb2 "wreck" "" ; -lin wreck6697 = noun "wreck" ; -lin wrinkle6698 = noun "wrinkle" ; -lin wrist6699 = noun "wrist" ; -lin write6700 = verb2 "write" "" ; -lin wrong6702 = mkAdj1 "wrong" ; -lin wry6704 = aGen "wry" ; -lin yard6706 = noun "yard" ; -lin year6707 = noun "year" ; -lin yellow6708 = noun "yellow" ; -lin yellow6709 = aGen "yellow" ; -lin yet6711 = mkAdv "yet" ; -lin yield6712 = verb2 "yield" "" ; -lin yield6713 = noun "yield" ; -lin you6714 = noun "you" ; -lin young6715 = aGen "young" ; -lin youth6720 = noun "youth" ; -lin zero6721 = aGen "zero" ; -lin zinc6722 = noun "zinc" ; -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index edbac6b5e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceEng of Resource = reuse StructuralEng ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceExtEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceExtEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index cc48b2169..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/ResourceExtEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtEng = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceEng) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/StructuralEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/StructuralEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 261d65fa0..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/StructuralEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,104 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level English Resource Grammar: Structural Words --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- -concrete StructuralEng of Structural = - CombinationsEng ** open Prelude, SyntaxEng in { - lin - INP = pronI ; - ThouNP = pronYouSg ; - HeNP = pronHe ; - SheNP = pronShe ; - ItNP = pronIt ; - WeNumNP = pronWithNum pronWe ; - YeNumNP = pronWithNum pronYouPl ; - YouNP = pronYouSg ; - TheyNP = pronThey ; - - EveryDet = everyDet ; - AllMassDet = mkDeterminer Sg "all" ; --- all the missing - AllNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "all" ; - WhichDet = whichDet ; - WhichNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "which" ; - MostsDet = mostDet ; - MostDet = mkDeterminer Sg "most" ; - SomeDet = mkDeterminer Sg "some" ; - SomeNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "some" ; - AnyDet = mkDeterminer Sg "any" ; - AnyNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "any" ; - NoDet = mkDeterminer Sg "no" ; - NoNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "no" ; - ManyDet = mkDeterminer Pl "many" ; - MuchDet = mkDeterminer Sg ["a lot of"] ; --- - ThisDet = mkDeterminer Sg "this" ; - TheseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "these" ; - ThatDet = mkDeterminer Sg "that" ; - ThoseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "those" ; - - ThisNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "this") ; - ThatNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "that") ; - TheseNumNP n = nameNounPhrasePl {s = \\c => "these" ++ n.s ! c} ; - ThoseNumNP n = nameNounPhrasePl {s = \\c => "those" ++ n.s ! c} ; - - EverybodyNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "everybody") ; - SomebodyNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "somebody") ; - NobodyNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "nobody") ; - EverythingNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "everything") ; - SomethingNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "something") ; - NothingNP = nameNounPhrase (nameReg "nothing") ; - - CanVV = vvCan ; - CanKnowVV = vvCan ; - MustVV = vvMust ; - WantVV = verbNoPart (regVerbP3 "want") ** {isAux = False} ; - - HowIAdv = ss "how" ; - WhenIAdv = ss "when" ; - WhereIAdv = ss "where" ; - WhyIAdv = ss "why" ; - EverywhereNP = advPost "everywhere" ; - SomewhereNP = advPost "somewhere" ; - NowhereNP = advPost "nowhere" ; - - AndConj = ss "and" ** {n = Pl} ; - OrConj = ss "or" ** {n = Sg} ; - BothAnd = sd2 "both" "and" ** {n = Pl} ; - EitherOr = sd2 "either" "or" ** {n = Sg} ; - NeitherNor = sd2 "neither" "nor" ** {n = Sg} ; - IfSubj = ss "if" ; - WhenSubj = ss "when" ; - AlthoughSubj = ss "although" ; - - PhrYes = ss "Yes." ; - PhrNo = ss "No." ; - - VeryAdv = ss "very" ; - TooAdv = ss "too" ; - AlmostAdv = ss "almost" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "quite" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "otherwise" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "therefore" ; - - InPrep = ss "in" ; - OnPrep = ss "on" ; - ToPrep = ss "to" ; - ThroughPrep = ss "through" ; - AbovePrep = ss "above" ; - UnderPrep = ss "under" ; - InFrontPrep = ss ["in front of"] ; - BehindPrep = ss "behind" ; - BetweenPrep = ss "between" ; - FromPrep = ss "from" ; - BeforePrep = ss "before" ; - DuringPrep = ss "during" ; - AfterPrep = ss "after" ; - WithPrep = ss "with" ; - WithoutPrep = ss "without" ; - ByMeansPrep = ss "by" ; - PossessPrep = ss "of" ; - PartPrep = ss "of" ; - AgentPrep = ss "by" ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/SyntaxEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/SyntaxEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 38855c8a6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/SyntaxEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1094 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - ---1 A Small English Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in English. --- --- The following files are presupposed: - -resource SyntaxEng = MorphoEng ** open Prelude, (CO = Coordination) in { - ---2 Common Nouns --- --- Simple common nouns are defined as the type $CommNoun$ in $morpho.Deu.gf$. - ---3 Common noun phrases - --- To the common nouns of morphology, --- we add natural gender (human/nonhuman) which is needed in syntactic --- combinations (e.g. "man who runs" - "program which runs"). - -oper - CommNoun = CommonNoun ** {g : Gender} ; - - CommNounPhrase = CommNoun ; - - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \man -> - man ; - - cnGen : CommonNoun -> Gender -> CommNoun = \cn,g -> - cn ** {g = g} ; - - cnHum : CommonNoun -> CommNoun = \cn -> - cnGen cn Hum ; - cnNoHum : CommonNoun -> CommNoun = \cn -> - cnGen cn NoHum ; - ---2 Noun phrases --- --- The worst case is pronouns, which have inflection in the possessive forms. --- Proper names are a special case. - - NounPhrase : Type = Pronoun ; - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase = \john -> - {s = \\c => john.s ! toCase c ; n = Sg ; p = P3} ; - - nameNounPhrasePl : ProperName -> NounPhrase = \john -> - {s = \\c => john.s ! toCase c ; n = Pl ; p = P3} ; - --- The following construction has to be refined for genitive forms: --- "we two", "us two" are OK, but "our two" is not. - - Numeral : Type = {s : Case => Str} ; - - pronWithNum : Pronoun -> Numeral -> Pronoun = \we,two -> - {s = \\c => we.s ! c ++ two.s ! toCase c ; n = we.n ; p = we.p} ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = \\_ => []} ; - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners are inflected according to the nouns they determine. --- The determiner is not inflected. - - Determiner : Type = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \every, man -> - {s = \\c => every.s ++ man.s ! every.n ! toCase c ; - n = every.n ; - p = P3 - } ; - - mkDeterminer : Number -> Str -> Determiner = \n,the -> - mkDeterminerNum n the noNum ; - - mkDeterminerNum : Number -> Str -> Numeral -> Determiner = \n,det,two -> - {s = det ++ two.s ! Nom ; - n = n - } ; - - everyDet = mkDeterminer Sg "every" ; - allDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "all" ; - mostDet = mkDeterminer Pl "most" ; - aDet = mkDeterminer Sg artIndef ; - plDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl [] ; - theSgDet = mkDeterminer Sg "the" ; - thePlDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "the" ; - anySgDet = mkDeterminer Sg "any" ; - anyPlDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "any" ; - - whichSgDet = mkDeterminer Sg "which" ; - whichPlDet = mkDeterminerNum Pl "which" ; - - whichDet = whichSgDet ; --- API - - indefNoun : Number -> CommNoun -> Str = \n,man -> - (indefNounPhrase n man).s ! NomP ; - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n -> - indefNounPhraseNum n noNum ; - - indefNounPhraseNum : Number -> Numeral ->CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,two,man -> - {s = \\c => case n of { - Sg => artIndef ++ two.s ! Nom ++ man.s ! n ! toCase c ; - Pl => two.s ! Nom ++ man.s ! n ! toCase c - } ; - n = n ; p = P3 - } ; - - defNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n -> - defNounPhraseNum n noNum ; - defNounPhraseNum : Number -> Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,two,car -> - {s = \\c => artDef ++ two.s ! Nom ++ car.s ! n ! toCase c ; - n = n ; - p = P3 - } ; - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "my house" - "my houses". --- --- We have the variation "the car of John / the car of John's / John's car" - - npGenDet : Number -> Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,two,john,car -> - {s = \\c => variants { - artDef ++ two.s ! Nom ++ car.s ! n ! Nom ++ "of" ++ john.s ! GenSP ; - john.s ! GenP ++ two.s ! Nom ++ car.s ! n ! toCase c - } ; - n = n ; - p = P3 - } ; - --- *Bare plural noun phrases* like "men", "good cars", are built without a --- determiner word. - - plurDet : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \cn -> - {s = \\c => cn.s ! plural ! toCase c ; - p = P3 ; - n = Pl - } ; - --- Constructions like "the idea that two is even" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have "a suggestion that...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \idea,x -> - {s = \\n,c => idea.s ! n ! c ++ "that" ++ x.s ; - g = idea.g - } ; - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectival phrases have a parameter $p$ telling if they are prefixed ($True$) or --- postfixed (complex APs). - - AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ** {p : Bool} ; - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \new -> new ** {p = True} ; - - simpleAdjPhrase : Str -> AdjPhrase = \French -> - adj2adjPhrase (regAdjective French) ; - - ---3 Comparison adjectives --- --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("big"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \big -> - adj2adjPhrase {s = big.s ! Pos} ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("bigger then you"). - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \big, you -> - {s = \\a => big.s ! Comp ! a ++ "than" ++ you.s ! NomP ; - p = False - } ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a modified noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain ("the biggest house"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNoun -> NounPhrase = \big, house -> - {s = \\c => "the" ++ big.s ! Sup ! AAdj ++ house.s ! Sg ! toCase c ; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 - } ; - - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a preposition used before --- the complement. - - Preposition = Str ; - - AdjCompl = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \related,john -> - {s = \\a => related.s ! a ++ related.s2 ++ john.s ! AccP ; - p = False - } ; - - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("John is old") --- and in modification ("an old man"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. --- --- Modification must pay attention to pre- and post-noun --- adjectives: "big car"/"car bigger than X" - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \big, car -> - {s = \\n => if_then_else (Case => Str) big.p - (\\c => big.s ! AAdj ++ car.s ! n ! c) - (table {Nom => car.s ! n ! Nom ++ big.s ! AAdj ; Gen => variants {}}) ; - g = car.g - } ; - - ---2 Function expressions - --- A function expression is a common noun together with the --- preposition prefixed to its argument ("mother of x"). --- The type is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs. - - Function = CommNounPhrase ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "mother/mothers of John". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "the mother of John", "the mothers of John", --- "the mothers of John and Mary", and "the mother of John and Mary" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \mother,john -> - {s = \\n => table { - Gen => nonExist ; --- ? - _ => mother.s ! n ! Nom ++ mother.s2 ++ john.s ! GenSP - } ; - g = mother.g - } ; - --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = - noun2CommNounPhrase ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to the original function application --- producing "John's mother" and "the mother of John". It does not appear in the --- resource grammar API any longer. - - appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll, mother,john -> - let {n = john.n ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n} in - variants { - defNounPhrase nf (appFunComm mother john) ; - npGenDet nf noNum john mother - } ; - --- The commonest case is functions with the preposition "of". - - funOf : CommNoun -> Function = \mother -> - mother ** {s2 = "of"} ; - - funOfReg : Str -> Gender -> Function = \mother,g -> - funOf (nounReg mother ** {g = g}) ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - --- There application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \train, paris -> - {s = \\n,c => train.s ! n ! c ++ train.s2 ++ paris.s ! AccP ; - g = train.g ; - s2 = train.s3 - } ; - - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 Verb phrases --- --- The syntactic verb phrase form type, which includes compound tenses, --- is defined as follows. - - param - - Anteriority = Simul | Anter ; - - Tense = Pres | Pas | Fut ; - - VerbForm = - VInd Tense Anteriority Number Person - | VCond Anteriority - | VInf Anteriority - | VImp ; - --- This is how the syntactic verb phrase forms are realized as --- inflectional forms of verbs. - - oper - -{- - VGrp : Type = {s,s2 : Str ; isAux : Bool} - - inflVerb : - VerbP3 -> Bool -> VerbForm -> VGrp = - \verb,b,v -> let - simple : Bool -> Str -> VGrp = \s -> {s = s ; s2 = [] ; isAux = False} ; - s = if_then_Str b - (walk.s ! v ++ walk.s1) - (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - -s ; s2 = [] ; isAux = False} ; - - in case v of { - VInd Pres Simul n p => simple b (indicVerb verb p n) ; - VInd Pas Simul n p => simple b (verb.s ! Past n) ; - VInd Fut Simul n p => compos (will b) infin ; - VInd t Anter n p => compos (have b t) pastp ; - VCond a => compos (would b) infin ; - - - - indicVerb : VerbP3 -> Person -> Number -> Str = \v,p,n -> case n of { - Sg => v.s ! Indic p ; - Pl => v.s ! Indic P2 - } ; - predVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \walk -> - {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b - (walk.s ! v ++ walk.s1) - (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_Str b - [] - (walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s1) ; - isAuxT = False ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - VerbGrp = { - s : Bool => VerbForm => Str ; - s2 : Bool => Number => Str ; - isAuxT : Bool ; - isAuxF : Bool - } ; --} - --- Verb phrases are discontinuous: the two parts of a verb phrase are --- (s) an inflected verb, (s2) infinitive and complement. --- For instance: "doesn't" - "walk" ; "isn't" - "old" ; "is" - "a man" --- There's also a parameter telling if the verb is an auxiliary: --- this is needed in question. - - VerbGroup = { - s : Bool => VForm => Str ; - s2 : Bool => Number => Str ; - isAuxT : Bool ; - isAuxF : Bool - } ; - - VerbPhrase = VerbP3 ** {s2 : Number => Str ; isAux : Bool} ; - - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vg -> { - s = vg.s ! b ; - s2 = vg.s2 ! b ; - isAux = if_then_else Bool b vg.isAuxT vg.isAuxF - } ; - --- From the inflection table, we selecting the finite form as function --- of person and number: - - indicVerb : VerbP3 -> Person -> Number -> Str = \v,p,n -> case n of { - Sg => v.s ! Indic p ; - Pl => v.s ! Indic P2 - } ; - --- A simple verb can be made into a verb phrase with an empty complement. --- There are two versions, depending on if we want to negate the verb. --- N.B. negation is *not* a function applicable to a verb phrase, since --- double negations with "don't" are not grammatical. - - predVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \walk -> - {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b - (walk.s ! v ++ walk.s1) - (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_Str b - [] - (walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s1) ; - isAuxT = False ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - --- Sometimes we want to extract the verb part of a verb phrase. - - verbOfPhrase : VerbPhrase -> VerbP3 = \v -> {s = v.s} ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives ("is old"), --- common nouns ("is a man"), and noun phrases ("ist John"). --- The third rule is overgenerating: "is every man" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. - - predAdjective : Adjective -> VerbGroup = \old -> - {s = beOrNotBe ; - s2 = \\_,_ => old.s ! AAdj ; - isAuxT, isAuxF = True - } ; - - predCommNoun : CommNoun -> VerbGroup = \man -> - {s = beOrNotBe ; - s2 = \\_,n => indefNoun n man ; - isAuxT, isAuxF = True - } ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \john -> - {s = beOrNotBe ; - s2 = \\_,_ => john.s ! NomP ; - isAuxT, isAuxF = True - } ; - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \elsewhere -> - {s = beOrNotBe ; - s2 = \\_,_ => elsewhere.s ; - isAuxT, isAuxF = True - } ; - --- We use an auxiliary giving all forms of "be". - - beOrNotBe : Bool => VForm => Str = \\b => - if_then_else (VForm => Str) b - verbBe.s - (table { - InfImp => contractNot "do" ++ "be" ; - Indic P1 => "am" ++ "not" ; - v => contractNot (verbBe.s ! v) - }) ; - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a preposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object*. - - TransVerb : Type = Verb ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - --- The rule for using transitive verbs is the complementization rule. --- Particles produce free variation: before or after the complement --- ("I switch on the TV" / "I switch the TV on"). - - complTransVerb : TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \lookat,john -> - let lookatjohn = bothWays lookat.s1 (lookat.s3 ++ john.s ! AccP) - in {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b (lookat.s ! v) (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_Str b lookatjohn (lookat.s ! InfImp ++ lookatjohn) ; - isAuxT = False ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - - --- Verbs that take direct object and a particle: - mkTransVerbPart : VerbP3 -> Str -> TransVerb = \turn,off -> - {s = turn.s ; s1 = off ; s3 = []} ; - --- Verbs that take prepositional object, no particle: - mkTransVerb : VerbP3 -> Str -> TransVerb = \wait,for -> - {s = wait.s ; s1 = [] ; s3 = for} ; - --- Verbs that take direct object, no particle: - mkTransVerbDir : VerbP3 -> TransVerb = \love -> - mkTransVerbPart love [] ; - --- Transitive verbs with accusative objects can be used passively. --- The function does not check that the verb is transitive. --- Therefore, the function can also be used for "he is swum", etc. --- The syntax is the same as for adjectival predication. - - passVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \love -> - predAdjective (adj2adjPhrase (regAdjective (love.s ! PPart))) ; - --- Transitive verbs can also be used reflexively. --- But to formalize this we must make verb phrases depend on a person parameter. - ---- reflTransVerb : TransVerb -> VerbGroup = \love -> - - --- Transitive verbs can be used elliptically as verbs. The semantics --- is left to applications. The definition is trivial, due to record --- subtyping. - - transAsVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \love -> - love ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s4 : Preposition} ; - - mkDitransVerb : Verb -> Preposition -> Preposition -> DitransVerb = \v,p1,p2 -> - v ** {s3 = p1 ; s4 = p2} ; - - complDitransVerb : DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = - \give,you,beer -> - let - youbeer = give.s1 ++ give.s3 ++ you.s ! AccP ++ give.s4 ++ beer.s ! AccP - in - {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b (give.s ! v) (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_Str b youbeer (give.s ! InfImp ++ youbeer) ; - isAuxT = False ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials are not inflected (we ignore comparison, and treat --- compared adverbials as separate expressions; this could be done another way). --- We distinguish between post- and pre-verbal adverbs. - - Adverb : Type = SS ** {p : Bool} ; - - advPre : Str -> Adverb = \seldom -> ss seldom ** {p = False} ; - advPost : Str -> Adverb = \well -> ss well ** {p = True} ; - --- N.B. this rule generates the cyclic parsing rule $VP#2 ::= VP#2$ --- and cannot thus be parsed. - - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \sings, well -> - let {postp = orB well.p sings.isAux} in - { - s = \\v => (if_then_else Str postp [] well.s) ++ sings.s ! v ; - s2 = \\n => sings.s2 ! n ++ (if_then_else Str postp well.s []) ; - isAux = sings.isAux - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : SS -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \very, good -> - {s = \\a => very.s ++ good.s ! a ; - p = good.p - } ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions. --- The rule for creating locative noun phrases by the preposition "in" --- is a little shaky, since other prepositions may be preferred ("on", "at"). - - prepPhrase : Preposition -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \on, it -> - advPost (on ++ it.s ! AccP) ; - - locativeNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Adverb = - prepPhrase "in" ; - --- This is a source of the "mann with a telescope" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "cars always" (while "cars today" is OK). --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. --- --- N.B. the genitive case created in this way would not make sense. - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \car,today -> - {s = \\n => table { - Nom => car.s ! n ! Nom ++ today.s ; - Gen => nonExist - } ; - g = car.g - } ; - - ---2 Sentences --- --- Sentences are not inflected in this fragment of English without tense. - - Sentence : Type = SS ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. It takes care of --- agreement between subject and verb. Recall that the VP may already --- contain negation. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = \john,walks -> - ss (john.s ! NomP ++ indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walks) john.p john.n ++ - walks.s2 ! john.n) ; - - - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. - - SentenceVerb : Type = Verb ; - --- To generate "says that John walks" / "doesn't say that John walks": - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = \say,johnruns -> - let {thatjohnruns = optStr "that" ++ johnruns.s} in - {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b (say.s ! v) (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_Str b thatjohnruns (say.s ! InfImp ++ thatjohnruns) ; - isAuxT = False ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- They can be auxiliaries ("can", "must") or ordinary verbs --- ("try"); this distinction cannot be done in the multilingual --- API and leads to some anomalies in English, such as the necessity --- to create the infinitive form "to be able to" for "can" so that --- the construction can be iterated, and the corresponding complication --- in the parameter structure. - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - --- To generate "can walk"/"can't walk"; "tries to walk"/"does not try to walk": --- The contraction of "not" is not provided, since it would require changing --- the verb parameter type. - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \try,run -> - let - taux = try.isAux ; - to = if_then_Str taux [] "to" ; - dont = table VForm {v => if_then_Str taux - (try.s ! v ++ "not") -- can not - (contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! v)) -- doesn't ... - } ; - trnot = if_then_Str taux - [] -- - (try.s ! InfImp ++ try.s1) ; -- ... try - in - {s = \\b,v => if_then_Str b - (try.s ! v ++ try.s1) - (dont ! v) ; - s2 = \\b,v => if_then_Str b - (to ++ run.s ! True ! InfImp ++ run.s2 ! True ! v) - (trnot ++ run.s ! True ! InfImp ++ run.s2 ! True ! v) ; - isAuxT = taux ; - isAuxF = True - } ; - --- The three most important example auxiliaries. - - mkVerbAux : (_,_,_,_: Str) -> VerbVerb = \beable, can, could, beenable -> - {s = table { - InfImp => beable ; - Indic _ => can ; - Past _ => could ; - PPart => beenable - } ; - s1 = [] ; - isAux = True - } ; - - vvCan : VerbVerb = mkVerbAux ["be able to"] "can" "could" ["been able to"] ; - vvMust : VerbVerb = mkVerbAux ["have to"] "must" ["had to"] ["had to"] ; - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has a similar relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. --- However, we need something more to distinguish its use in direct questions: --- not just "you see" but ("whom") "do you see". --- --- The particle always follows the verb, but the preposition can fly: --- "whom you make it up with" / "with whom you make it up". - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase = {s : Bool => Str ; s2 : Preposition} ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b,You,lookat -> - let {you = You.s ! NomP ; - looks = indicVerb {s = lookat.s} You.p You.n ; - look = lookat.s ! InfImp ; - do = indicVerb verbP3Do You.p You.n ; - dont = contractNot do ; - up = lookat.s1 - } in - {s = table { - True => if_then_else Str b do dont ++ you ++ look ++ up ; - False => you ++ if_then_else Str b looks (dont ++ look) ++ up - } ; - s2 = lookat.s3 - } ; - - - thereIs : NounPhrase -> Sentence = \abar -> - predVerbPhrase - (case abar.n of { - Sg => nameNounPhrase (nameReg "there") ; - Pl => {s = \\_ => "there" ; n = Pl ; p = P3} - }) - (predVerbGroup True (predNounPhrase abar)) ; - - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- --- As described in $types.Eng.gf$, relative pronouns are inflected in --- gender (human/nonhuman), number, and case. --- --- We get the simple relative pronoun ("who"/"which"/"whom"/"whose"/"that"/$""$) --- from $morpho.Eng.gf$. - - identRelPron : RelPron = relPron ; - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \mother,which -> - {s = \\g,n,c => "the" ++ mother.s ! n ! Nom ++ - mother.s2 ++ which.s ! g ! n ! GenSP - } ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("who walks") and --- slash expressions ("whom you see", "on which you sit" / "that you sit on"). - - RelClause : Type = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ; - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \who,walks -> - {s = \\g, n => who.s ! g ! n ! NomP ++ - indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walks) P3 n ++ walks.s2 ! n - } ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \who,yousee -> - {s = \\g,n => - let {youSee = yousee.s ! False} in - variants { - who.s ! g ! n ! AccP ++ youSee ++ yousee.s2 ; - yousee.s2 ++ who.s ! g ! n ! GenSP ++ youSee - } - } ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "number x such that x is even". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\_,_ => "such" ++ "that" ++ A.s} ; - --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. No comma is used before these relative clause. - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = \man,whoruns -> - {s = \\n,c => man.s ! n ! c ++ whoruns.s ! man.g ! n ; - g = man.g - } ; - - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are --- noun-phrase-like. - - IntPron : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number} ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. - - funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = \mother,which -> - {s = \\c => "the" ++ mother.s ! which.n ! Nom ++ mother.s2 ++ which.s ! GenSP ; - n = which.n - } ; - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "which house", "who", "what". - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron = \n, car -> - {s = \\c => "which" ++ car.s ! n ! toCase c ; - n = n - } ; - - intPronWho : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = table { - NomP => "who" ; - AccP => variants {"who" ; "whom"} ; - GenP => "whose" ; - GenSP => "whom" - } ; - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = table { - GenP => "what's" ; - _ => "what" - } ; - n = num - } ; - - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean whole phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ++ ".") ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! DirQ ++ "?") ; - - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct ("are you happy") or indirect --- ("if/whether you are happy"). - -param - QuestForm = DirQ | IndirQ ; - -oper - Question = SS1 QuestForm ; - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are used both independently --- ("does John walk" / "if John walks") --- and after interrogative adverbials --- ("why does John walk" / "why John walks"). --- --- It is economical to handle with all these cases by the one --- rule, $questVerbPhrase'$. The word ("ob" / "whether") never appears --- if there is an adverbial. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - questVerbPhrase' False ; - - questVerbPhrase' : Bool -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \adv,john,walk -> - {s = table { - DirQ => if_then_else Str walk.isAux - (indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walk) john.p john.n ++ - john.s ! NomP ++ walk.s2 ! john.n) - (indicVerb verbP3Do john.p john.n ++ - john.s ! NomP ++ walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s2 ! john.n) ; - IndirQ => if_then_else Str adv [] (variants {"if" ; "whether"}) ++ - (predVerbPhrase john walk).s - } - } ; - - isThere : NounPhrase -> Question = \abar -> - questVerbPhrase - (case abar.n of { - Sg => nameNounPhrase (nameReg "there") ; - Pl => {s = \\_ => "there" ; n = Pl ; p = P3} - }) - (predVerbGroup True (predNounPhrase abar)) ; - - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences, --- others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences. - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \who,walk -> - {s = \\_ => who.s ! NomP ++ indicVerb (verbOfPhrase walk) P3 who.n ++ - walk.s2 ! who.n - } ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \who,yousee -> - {s = \\q => - let {youSee = case q of { - DirQ => yousee.s ! True ; - IndirQ => yousee.s ! False - } - } in - variants { - who.s ! AccP ++ youSee ++ yousee.s2 ; - yousee.s2 ++ who.s ! GenSP ++ youSee - } - } ; - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "when", "where", "how", "why", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - - prepIntAdverb : Preposition -> IntPron -> IntAdverb = \at, whom -> - ss (at ++ whom.s ! AccP) ; - --- A question adverbial can be applied to anything, and whether this makes --- sense is a semantic question. - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \why, you, walk -> - {s = \\q => why.s ++ (questVerbPhrase' True you walk).s ! q} ; - - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. - - Imperative = SS1 Number ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \walk -> - {s = \\n => walk.s ! InfImp ++ walk.s2 ! n} ; - - imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I -> - ss (I.s ! n ++ "!") ; - ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "otherwise", "therefore", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase. - - advSentence : SS -> Sentence -> Utterance = \hence,itiseven -> - ss (hence.s ++ itiseven.s ++ ".") ; - - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("and", "or") or distributed ("both - and", "either - or"). --- --- The conjunction has an inherent number, which is used when conjoining --- noun phrases: "John and Mary are..." vs. "John or Mary is..."; in the --- case of "or", the result is however plural if any of the disjuncts is. - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. - - ListSentence : Type = SD2 ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = CO.twoSS ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consSS CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "du rauchst, er trinkt und ich esse". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctX c xs) ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part (e.g. "either") in front of the first element, the second --- part ("or") between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctDistrX c xs) ; - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is a prefix adjective --- if and only if all elements are prefix. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable AForm x y ** {p = andB x.p y.p} ; - - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable AForm CO.comma xs x ** {p = andB xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable NPForm x y ** {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; p = conjPerson x.p y.p} ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable NPForm CO.comma xs x ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; p = conjPerson xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p} ; - --- We have to define a calculus of numbers of persons. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - --- For persons, we let the latter argument win ("either you or I am absent" --- but "either I or you are absent"). This is not quite clear. - - conjPerson : Person -> Person -> Person = \_,p -> - p ; - - - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("when", "if", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentences, an imperatives, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. --- --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. --- "if you smoke I get angry" --- and "I get angry if you smoke". - - Subjunction = SS ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = - \if, A, B -> - ss (subjunctVariants if A.s B.s) ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\n => subjunctVariants if A.s (B.s ! n)} ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\q => subjunctVariants if A.s (B.s ! q)} ; - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Str -> Str -> Str = \if,A,B -> - variants {if.s ++ A ++ "," ++ B ; B ++ "," ++ if.s ++ A} ; - - subjunctVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \V, if, A -> - adVerbPhrase V (advPost (if.s ++ A.s)) ; - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \john -> - postfixSS "." (defaultNounPhrase john) ; - - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,car -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n car) ; - - useRegularName : SS -> NounPhrase = \john -> - nameNounPhrase (nameReg john.s) ; - --- Here are some default forms. - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \john -> - ss (john.s ! NomP) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \whoareyou -> - ss (whoareyou.s ! DirQ) ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> - x ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index f1e2c719e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,50 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceEng of TestResource = StructuralEng ** open SyntaxEng, ParadigmsEng in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=textlit ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - Big = adjDegrIrreg "big" "bigger" "biggest"; - Happy = adjDegrReg "happy" ; - Small = adjDegrReg "small" ; - Old = adjDegrReg "old" ; - Young = adjDegrReg "young" ; - American = regAdjective "American" ; - Finnish = regAdjective "Finnish" ; - Married = regAdjective "married" ** {s2 = "to"} ; - Man = cnHum (mkNoun "man" "men" "man's" "men's") ; - Woman = cnHum (mkNoun "woman" "women" "woman's" "women's") ; - Car = cnNoHum (nounReg "car") ; - House = cnNoHum (nounReg "house") ; - Light = cnNoHum (nounReg "light") ; - Bar = cnNoHum (nounReg "bar") ; - Bottle = cnNoHum (nounReg "bottle") ; - Wine = cnNoHum (nounReg "wine") ; - Walk = verbNoPart (regVerbP3 "walk") ; - Run = verbNoPart (mkVerb "run" "ran" "run") ; - Say = verbNoPart (mkVerb "say" "said" "said") ; - Prove = verbNoPart (regVerbP3 "prove") ; - Send = mkTransVerbDir (verbNoPart (mkVerb "send" "sent" "sent")) ; - Love = mkTransVerbDir (verbNoPart (verbP3e "love")) ; - Wait = mkTransVerb (verbNoPart (regVerbP3 "wait")) "for" ; - Drink = mkTransVerbDir (verbNoPart (mkVerb "drink" "drank" "drunk")) ; - Give = mkDitransVerb (verbNoPart (mkVerb "give" "gave" "given")) [] [] ; - Prefer = mkDitransVerb - (verbNoPart (mkVerb "prefer" "preferred" "preferred")) [] "to" ; - Mother = funOfReg "mother" human ; - Uncle = funOfReg "uncle" human ; - Connection = cnNoHum (nounReg "connection") ** {s2 = "from" ; s3 = "to"} ; - - Always = advPre "always" ; - Well = advPost "well" ; - - SwitchOn = mkTransVerbPart (verbP3s "switch") "on" ; - SwitchOff = mkTransVerbPart (verbP3s "switch") "off" ; - - John = nameReg "John" ; - Mary = nameReg "Mary" ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceNumEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceNumEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a8c19c825..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TestResourceNumEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,7 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceNumEng of TestResourceNum = TestResourceEng, NumeralsEng ** { - - lin UseNumeral n = {s = \\_ => n.s} ; ---- Case - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TypesEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/english/TypesEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 6b355aacc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/english/TypesEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,104 +0,0 @@ ---1 English Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for English morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of English. It is aimed --- to be complete w.r.t. the description of word forms. --- However, it only includes those parameters that are needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. --- --- We use the language-independent prelude. - -resource TypesEng = open Prelude in { - --- ---2 Enumerated parameter types --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. - -param - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Gender = NoHum | Hum ; - Case = Nom | Gen ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ; - --- For data abstraction, we define - -oper - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are often hierarchical. The alternative would be cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this would usually overgenerate. --- - ---3 Common nouns --- --- Common nouns are inflected in number and case. - - CommonNoun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str} ; - - --- ---3 Adjectives --- --- The major division is between the comparison degrees, but it --- is also good to leave room for adjectives that cannon be compared. --- It is, however, productive to form an adverbial from any adjective. - -param AForm = AAdj | AAdv ; - -oper - Adjective : Type = SS1 AForm ; - AdjDegr = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - ---3 Verbs --- --- We treat the full conjugation now. --- The present tense is made to depend on person, which correspond to forms --- in the singular; plural forms are uniformly equal to the 2nd person singular. - -param - VForm = InfImp | Indic Person | Past Number | PPart ; - -oper - VerbP3 : Type = {s : VForm => Str} ; - --- A full verb can moreover have a particle. - - Particle : Type = Str ; - Verb = VerbP3 ** {s1 : Particle} ; - --- ---3 Pronouns --- --- For pronouns, we need four case forms: "I" - "me" - "my" - "mine". - -param - NPForm = NomP | AccP | GenP | GenSP ; - -oper - Pronoun : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - --- Coercions between pronoun cases and ordinaty cases. - - toCase : NPForm -> Case = \c -> case c of {GenP => Gen ; _ => Nom} ; - toNPForm : Case -> NPForm = \c -> case c of {Gen => GenP ; _ => NomP} ; --- - ---3 Proper names --- --- Proper names only need two cases. - - ProperName : Type = SS1 Case ; - ---3 Relative pronouns --- --- Relative pronouns are inflected in gender (human/nonhuman), number, and case. - - RelPron : Type = {s : Gender => Number => NPForm => Str} ; -} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/examples/ResourceExamples.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/examples/ResourceExamples.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 1b8e020bc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/examples/ResourceExamples.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,81 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -abstract ResourceExamples = TestResource ** { - --- sentence examples to test resource grammar with - -fun - ex1,ex2,ex3,ex4,ex5,ex6,ex7,ex8,ex9,ex10,ex11:Text; - ex12,ex13,ex14,ex15,ex16,ex17,ex18,ex19,ex20,ex21,ex22: Text; - -def - ex1 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (PredVP (ModGenNum NoNum (YeNumNP NoNum) - (AdvCN (UseFun - Mother) Always)) (PosVG (PredVS Prove (PredVP (YeNumNP NoNum) (PosVG - (PredAP (PositAdjP Small)))))))); - ex2 = OnePhr (ImperMany (SubjImper WhenSubj (PredVP (YeNumNP - NoNum)(PosVG (PredAP - (PositAdjP Young)))) (ImperVP (PosVG (PredV Walk))))); - - ex3 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (QuestAdv WhyIAdv TheyNP (NegVG (PredTV Love - (UsePN Mary))))); - ex4 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (QuestVP (WeNumNP NoNum) (PosVG (PredNP (IndefNumNP - NoNum (UseN Man)))))); - ex5 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (PredVP INP (PosVG (PredTV Love (ConjNP AndConj - (TwoNP (IndefNumNP NoNum (ModAdj (PositAdjP Old) (UseN House))) - (IndefNumNP NoNum (ModAdj (PositAdjP Young) (UseN Woman))))))))); - ex6 = OnePhr (ImperOne (ImperVP (PosVG (PredNP (IndefOneNP (UseN Man)))))); - ex7 = ConsPhr PhrYes (ConsPhr (PhrOneCN (ModAdj (AdjP1 American) (ModRC - (UseN Wine) (RelSlash IdRP (PosSlashTV INP Wait))))) - (ConsPhr (PhrNP (DefNumNP (UseInt 2) (UseN Bottle))) - (ConsPhr (PhrIAdv WhereIAdv) (ConsPhr (PhrIAdv HowIAdv) - (OnePhr (PhrIP WhenIAdv)))))); - ex8 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (OneVP (PosVG (PredV3 Prefer (IndefOneNP (AppFun (AppFun2 Connection - (DefOneNP (UseN House))) (IndefOneNP (UseN Bar))))(ModGenNum - (UseInt 2) (MassNP (UseN Wine)) (UseN Bottle)))))); - ex9 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (IntVP WhoOne (AdvVP (SubjVP (PosVG (PredAP (AdvAP - VeryAdv (PositAdjP Happy)))) WhenSubj (ThereNP (DetNP - ManyDet (UseN Light)))) Always))); - - ex10 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (PredVP (ModGenOne INP (UseFun Mother)) (NegVG - (PredAP (ComplAdj Married (ModGenOne (UsePN John) (UseFun Uncle))))))); - - ex11 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (IsThereNP (SuperlNP Happy (UseN Man)))); - - ex12 = OnePhr (PhrOneCN (CNthatS (UseN Woman) (PredVP SheNP (PosVG (PredCN - (ModRC (UseN Woman) (RelVP IdRP (PosVG (PredVV WantVV - (PredAdV (AdjAdv (ComparAdjP Big EverythingNP)))))))))))); - - ex13 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (SubjS IfSubj (PredVP SomebodyNP (PosVG - (PredTV Send (MassNP (UseN Wine))))) (PredVP - EverybodyNP (PosVG (PredV (VTrans Drink)))))); - ex14 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (SubjS IfSubj (PredVP SomebodyNP (PosVG - (PredTV Send (MassNP (UseN Wine))))) (PredVP - EverybodyNP (PosVG (PredV (VTrans Drink)))))); - ex15 = OnePhr (AdvS ThereforeAdv (PredVP ThisNP (PosVG (PredNP (IndefOneNP (ModRC - (UseN House)(RelSuch (PredVP TheyNP (NegVG (PredVV CanKnowVV - (PredAdV (PrepNP WithPrep YouNP)))))))))))); - ex16 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (PredVP ThatNP (PosVG (PredCN (ModRC (UseN Woman) - (RelVP (FunRP Uncle IdRP) (PosVG (PredVS Say (PredVP (UsePN John) - (PosVG (PredTV Love (UsePN Mary)))))))))))); - ex17 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (IntVP (FunIP Mother (NounIPOne (UseN Woman))) - (PosVG (PredV Run)))); - ex18 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (ConjS AndConj (ConsS (TwoS (OneVP (PosVG - (PredV Run))) (OneVP (PosVG (PredV Walk)))) (OneVP (PosVG - (PredV (VTrans Wait))))))); - ex19 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (ConjDS EitherOr (TwoS (PredVP (UsePN John) (PosVG (PredV Walk))) (PredVP - (UsePN Mary ) (PosVG (PredV Run)))))); - - ex20 = OnePhr (QuestPhrase (QuestVP SomebodyNP (PosVG (PredVV CanKnowVV (PredAP (ConjAP - OrConj (ConsAP (TwoAP (PositAdjP Young) (PositAdjP Big)) - (PositAdjP Happy)))))))); - ex21 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase (PredVP (IndefOneNP (UseN House))(PosVG (PredVV - CanVV (PredAP (ConjDAP BothAnd (TwoAP (PositAdjP Big) (PositAdjP - Small)))))))); - ex22 = OnePhr (IndicPhrase ( PredVP HeNP (NegVG (PredV3 Give (ConjDNP NeitherNor (ConsNP (TwoNP (IndefNumNP - NoNum (UseN Woman)) (IndefOneNP (UseN Wine))) (IndefOneNP (UseN Car)))) - NobodyNP)))); - -} ; - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/CombinationsFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/CombinationsFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 677fe5dcb..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/CombinationsFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,199 +0,0 @@ ---1 The Top-Level Finnish Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the Finnish concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.Fin.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $TypesFin.gf$. - -concrete CombinationsFin of Combinations = open Prelude, SyntaxFin in { - -flags - startcat=Phr ; - lexer=unglue ; - unlexer=glue ; - -lincat - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : NForm => Str ; g : Gender} - CN = CommNounPhrase ; - NP = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : NPPerson} ; - PN = {s : Case => Str} ; - Det = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number ; isNum : Bool} ; - Num = {s : NPForm => Str ; isNum : Bool} ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNounPhrase ** {c : NPForm} ; - Fun2 = Function ** {c2 : NPForm} ; - - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = CommonNoun - Adj2 = Adjective ** {c : NPForm} ; - AdjDeg = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - AP = {s : AdjPos => AForm => Str} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VForm => Str} - VP = Verb ** {s2 : VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - VG = {s,s2 : Bool => VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s3, s4 : Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - V3 = TransVerb ** {s5, s6 : Str ; c2 : ComplCase} ; - VS = Verb ; - VV = Verb ** {c : ComplCase} ; - - AdV = {s : Str} ; - Prep = {s : Str ; c : Case ; isPrep : Bool} ; - - - S = Sentence ; - -- = {s : Str} ; - Slash = Sentence ** {s2 : Str ; c : Case} ; - - RP = {s : Number => Case => Str} ; - RC = {s : Number => Str} ; - - IP = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number} ; - Qu = {s : Str} ; - Imp = {s : Number => Str} ; - Phr = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = {s1 : Str ; s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = {s1 : Str ; s2 : Str} ; - ListAP = {s1,s2 : AdjPos => AForm => Str} ; - ListNP = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : NPPerson} ; - ---. - -lin - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet singular ; - ModGenNum = npGenDetNum ; - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase singular ; - IndefNumNP = nounPhraseNum False ; - DefOneNP = defNounPhrase singular ; - DefNumNP = nounPhraseNum True ; - MassNP = partNounPhrase singular ; - NoNum = noNum ; - UseInt i = {s = \\_ => i.s ; isNum = True} ; --- case endings sometimes needed - - SymbPN i = {s = \\_ => i.s} ; --- case endings often needed - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\f,n,c => cn.s ! f ! n ! c ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g} ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - PredV = predVerb ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredPassV = passVerb ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - VTrans = transAsVerb ; - - AdjAdv a = ss (a.s ! AAttr ! AAdv) ; --- also APred? - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - PrepNP = prepPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = passPredVerbPhrase ; - ThereNP = onNounPhrase ; - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronWho singular ; - WhoMany = intPronWho plural ; - WhatOne = intPronWhat singular ; - WhatMany = intPronWhat plural ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron singular ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron plural ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IsThereNP = onkoNounPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance singular ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance plural ; - - AdvS = advSentence ; - -lin - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase singular ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase plural ; - PhrIP ip = ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = ia ; - - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; - - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/MorphoFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/MorphoFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a66fbaf96..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/MorphoFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,881 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - ---1 A Simple Finnish Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $TypesFin.gf$. - -resource MorphoFin = TypesFin ** open Prelude in { - ---2 Nouns --- - -oper - --- worst-case macro - - mkSubst : Str -> (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = - \a,vesi,vede,vete,vetta,veteen,vetii,vesii,vesien,vesia,vesiin -> - {s = table { - NCase Sg Nom => vesi ; - NCase Sg Gen => vede + "n" ; - NCase Sg Part => vetta ; - NCase Sg Transl => vede + "ksi" ; - NCase Sg Ess => vete + ("n" + a) ; - NCase Sg Iness => vede + ("ss" + a) ; - NCase Sg Elat => vede + ("st" + a) ; - NCase Sg Illat => veteen ; - NCase Sg Adess => vede + ("ll" + a) ; - NCase Sg Ablat => vede + ("lt" + a) ; - NCase Sg Allat => vede + "lle" ; - NCase Sg Abess => vede + ("tt" + a) ; - - NCase Pl Nom => vede + "t" ; - NCase Pl Gen => vesien ; - NCase Pl Part => vesia ; - NCase Pl Transl => vesii + "ksi" ; - NCase Pl Ess => vetii + ("n" + a) ; - NCase Pl Iness => vesii + ("ss" + a) ; - NCase Pl Elat => vesii + ("st" + a) ; - NCase Pl Illat => vesiin ; - NCase Pl Adess => vesii + ("ll" + a) ; - NCase Pl Ablat => vesii + ("lt" + a) ; - NCase Pl Allat => vesii + "lle" ; - NCase Pl Abess => vesii + ("tt" + a) ; - - NPossNom => vete ; - NPossGenPl => Predef.tk 1 vesien ; - NPossTransl Sg => vede + "kse" ; - NPossTransl Pl => vesii + "kse" ; - NPossIllat Sg => Predef.tk 1 veteen ; - NPossIllat Pl => Predef.tk 1 vesiin - } - } ; - --- A user-friendly variant takes existing forms and infers the vowel harmony. - - mkNoun : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = - \talo,talon,talona,taloa,taloon,taloina,taloissa,talojen,taloja,taloihin -> - mkSubst (ifTok Str (Predef.dp 1 talona) "a" "a" "ä") - talo (Predef.tk 1 talon) (Predef.tk 2 talona) taloa taloon - (Predef.tk 2 taloina) (Predef.tk 3 taloissa) talojen taloja taloihin ; - --- Here some useful special cases; more will be given in $paradigms.Fin.gf$. --- --- Nouns with partitive "a"/"ä" ; --- to account for grade and vowel alternation, three forms are usually enough --- Examples: "talo", "kukko", "huippu", "koira", "kukka", "syylä",... - - sKukko : (_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \kukko,kukon,kukkoja -> - let { - o = Predef.dp 1 kukko ; - a = Predef.dp 1 kukkoja ; - kukkoj = Predef.tk 1 kukkoja ; - i = Predef.dp 1 kukkoj ; - ifi = ifTok Str i "i" ; - kukkoi = ifi kukkoj (Predef.tk 1 kukkoj) ; - e = Predef.dp 1 kukkoi ; - kukoi = Predef.tk 2 kukon + Predef.dp 1 kukkoi - } - in - mkSubst a - kukko - (Predef.tk 1 kukon) - kukko - (kukko + a) - (kukko + o + "n") - (kukkoi + ifi "" "i") - (kukoi + ifi "" "i") - (ifTok Str e "e" (Predef.tk 1 kukkoi + "ien") (kukkoi + ifi "en" "jen")) - kukkoja - (kukkoi + ifi "in" "ihin") ; - - sLukko : Str -> CommonNoun = \lukko -> - let a = getHarmony (last lukko) - in - sKukko lukko (weakGrade lukko + "n") (lukko + "j" + a) ; - --- The special case with no alternations: the vowel harmony is inferred from the --- last letter - which must be one of "o", "u", "ö", "y". - - sTalo : Str -> CommonNoun = \talo -> - let {a = getHarmony (Predef.dp 1 talo)} in - sKukko talo (talo + "n") (talo + ("j" + a)) ; - - sBaari : Str -> CommonNoun = \baaria -> - let - baari = Predef.tk 1 baaria ; - baar = Predef.tk 1 baari ; - a = getHarmony (Predef.dp 1 baaria) - in - sKukko baari (baari + "n") (baar + ("ej" + a)) ; - - sKorpi : (_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \korpi,korven,korpena -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 korpena ; - korpe = Predef.tk 2 korpena ; - korve = Predef.tk 1 korven ; - korvi = Predef.tk 1 korve + "i" - } - in - mkSubst a - korpi - korve - korpe - (korpe + a) - (korpe + "en") - korpi - korvi - (korpi + "en") - (korpi + a) - (korpi + "in") ; - - sArpi : Str -> CommonNoun = \arpi -> - sKorpi arpi (init (weakGrade arpi) + "en") (init arpi + "ena") ; - sSylki : Str -> CommonNoun = \sylki -> - sKorpi sylki (init (weakGrade sylki) + "en") (init sylki + "enä") ; - ---- This is not quite right. - - sKoira : Str -> CommonNoun = \koira -> - let a = getHarmony (last koira) in - sKorpi koira (koira + "n") (koira + "n" + a) ; - --- Loan words ending in consonants are actually similar to words like --- "malli"/"mallin"/"malleja", with the exception that the "i" is not attached --- to the singular nominative. - - sLinux : Str -> CommonNoun = \linuxia -> - let { - linux = Predef.tk 2 linuxia ; - a = getHarmony (Predef.dp 1 linuxia) ; - linuxi = linux + "i" - } in - mkSubst a - linux - linuxi - linuxi - (linuxi + a) - (linuxi + "in") - (linux + "ei") - (linux + "ei") - (linux + "ien") - (linux + "eja") - (linux + "eihin") ; - --- Nouns of at least 3 syllables ending with "a" or "ä", like "peruna", "rytinä". - - sPeruna : Str -> CommonNoun = \peruna -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 peruna ; - perun = Predef.tk 1 peruna ; - perunoi = perun + (ifTok Str a "a" "o" "ö" + "i") - } - in - mkSubst a - peruna - peruna - peruna - (peruna + a) - (peruna + a + "n") - perunoi - perunoi - (perunoi + "den") - (perunoi + ("t" + a)) - (perunoi + "hin") ; - --- Surpraisingly, making the test for the partitive, this not only covers --- "rae", "perhe", "savuke", but also "rengas", "lyhyt" (except $Sg Illat$), etc. - - sRae : (_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \rae,rakeena -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 rakeena ; - rakee = Predef.tk 2 rakeena ; - rakei = Predef.tk 1 rakee + "i" ; - raet = rae + (ifTok Str (Predef.dp 1 rae) "e" "t" []) - } - in - mkSubst a - rae - rakee - rakee - (raet + ("t" + a)) - (rakee + "seen") - rakei - rakei - (rakei + "den") - (rakei + ("t" + a)) - (rakei + "siin") ; - - sSusi : (_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \susi,suden,sutena -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 sutena ; - sude = Predef.tk 1 suden ; - sute = Predef.tk 2 sutena - } - in - mkSubst a - susi - sude - sute - (Predef.tk 1 sute + ("t" + a)) - (sute + "en") - susi - susi - (susi + "en") - (susi + a) - (susi + "in") ; - - sPuu : Str -> CommonNoun = \puu -> - let { - u = Predef.dp 1 puu ; - a = getHarmony u ; - pu = Predef.tk 1 puu ; - pui = pu + "i" - } - in - mkSubst a - puu - puu - puu - (puu + ("t" + a)) - (puu + ("h" + u + "n")) - pui - pui - (pui + "den") - (pui + ("t" + a)) - (pui + "hin") ; - - sSuo : Str -> CommonNoun = \suo -> - let { - o = Predef.dp 1 suo ; - a = getHarmony o ; - soi = Predef.tk 2 suo + (o + "i") - } - in - mkSubst a - suo - suo - suo - (suo + ("t" + a)) - (suo + ("h" + o + "n")) - soi - soi - (soi + "den") - (soi + ("t" + a)) - (soi + "hin") ; - --- Here in fact it is handy to use the partitive form as the only stem. - - sNainen : Str -> CommonNoun = \naista -> - let { - nainen = Predef.tk 3 naista + "nen" ; - nais = Predef.tk 2 naista ; - naise = nais + "e" ; - naisi = nais + "i" ; - a = Predef.dp 1 naista - } - in - mkSubst a - nainen - naise - naise - (nais + ("t" + a)) - (nais + "een") - naisi - naisi - (nais + "ten") - (nais + ("i" + a)) - (nais + "iin") ; - --- The following covers: "tilaus", "kaulin", "paimen", "laidun", "sammal", --- "kyynel" (excep $Sg Iness$ for the last two?). - - sTilaus : (_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \tilaus, tilauksena -> - let { - tilauks = Predef.tk 3 tilauksena ; - tilaukse = tilauks + "e" ; - tilauksi = tilauks + "i" ; - a = Predef.dp 1 tilauksena - } - in - mkSubst a - tilaus - tilaukse - tilaukse - (tilaus + ("t" + a)) - (tilauks + "een") - tilauksi - tilauksi - (tilaus + "ten") - (tilauks + ("i" + a)) - (tilauks + "iin") ; - --- Some words have the three grades ("rakkaus","rakkauden","rakkautena"), which --- are however derivable from the stem. - - sRakkaus : Str -> CommonNoun = \rakkaus -> - let { - rakkau = Predef.tk 1 rakkaus ; - rakkaut = rakkau + "t" ; - rakkaute = rakkau + "te" ; - rakkaude = rakkau + "de" ; - rakkauksi = rakkau + "ksi" ; - u = Predef.dp 1 rakkau ; - a = ifTok Str u "u" "a" "ä" - } - in - mkSubst a - rakkaus - rakkaude - rakkaute - (rakkaut + ("t" + a)) - (rakkaut + "een") - rakkauksi - rakkauksi - (rakkauksi + "en") - (rakkauksi + a) - (rakkauksi + "in") ; - --- The following covers nouns like "nauris" and adjectives like "kallis", "tyyris". - - sNauris : (_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = \naurista -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 naurista ; - nauris = Predef.tk 2 naurista ; - nauri = Predef.tk 3 naurista ; - i = Predef.dp 1 nauri ; - naurii = nauri + i ; - naurei = nauri + "i" - } - in - mkSubst a - nauris - naurii - naurii - (nauris + ("t" + a)) - (naurii + "seen") - naurei - naurei - (naurei + "den") - (naurei + ("t" + a)) - (naurei + "siin") ; - --- The following two are used for adjective comparison. - - sSuurempi : Str -> CommonNoun = \suurempaa -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 suurempaa ; - suure = Predef.tk 4 suurempaa ; - suurempi = suure + "mpi" ; - suurempa = suure + ("mp" + a) ; - suuremm = suure + "mm" - } - in - mkSubst a - suurempi - (suuremm + a) - suurempa - (suurempa + a) - (suurempa + (a + "n")) - suurempi - (suuremm + "i") - (suurempi + "en") - (suurempi + a) - (suurempi + "in") ; - - sSuurin : Str -> CommonNoun = \suurinta -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 suurinta ; - suuri = Predef.tk 3 suurinta ; - suurin = suuri + "n" ; - suurimma = suuri + ("mm" + a) ; - suurimpa = suuri + ("mp" + a) ; - suurimpi = suuri + "mpi" ; - suurimmi = suuri + "mmi" - } - in - mkSubst a - suurin - suurimma - suurimpa - (suurin + ("t" + a)) - (suurimpa + (a + "n")) - suurimpi - suurimmi - (suurimpi + "en") - (suurimpi + a) - (suurimpi + "in") ; - --- This auxiliary resolves vowel harmony from a given letter. - -getHarmony : Str -> Str = \u -> case u of { - "a" => "a" ; - "o" => "a" ; - "u" => "a" ; - _ => "ä" - } ; - - --- The following function defines how grade alternation works if it is active. --- In general, *whether there is* grade alternation must be given in the lexicon --- (cf. "auto" - "auton", not "audon"). - - weakGrade : Str -> Str = \kukko -> - let { - kukk = init kukko ; - ku = Predef.tk 3 kukko ; - kul = Predef.tk 2 kukko ; - kk = init (Predef.dp 3 kukko) ; - k = last kk ; - o = last kukko ; - kuk = case kk of { - "kk" => ku + "k" ; - "pp" => ku + "p" ; - "tt" => ku + "t" ; - "nk" => ku + "ng" ; - "nt" => ku + "nn" ; - "mp" => ku + "mm" ; - "rt" => ku + "rr" ; - "lt" => ku + "ll" ; - "lk" => kul + case o of { - "i" => "j" ; - _ => "" - } ; - "rk" => kul + case o of { - "i" => "j" ; - _ => "" - } ; - "hk" => kukk ; -- *tahko-tahon - "sk" => kukk ; -- *lasku-lasvun - "sp" => kukk ; -- *raspi-rasvin - "st" => kukk ; -- *lastu-lasdun - _ => case k of { - "k" => case o of { - "u" => kul + "v" ; - _ => kul - }; - "p" => kul + "v" ; - "t" => kul + "d" ; - _ => kukk - } - } - } - in kuk + o ; - - ---3 Proper names --- --- Proper names are similar to common nouns in the singular. - - mkProperName : CommonNoun -> ProperName = \jussi -> - {s = \\c => jussi.s ! NCase Sg c} ; - ---2 Pronouns --- --- Here we define personal and relative pronouns. - - mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> Pronoun = - \mina, minun, minua, minuna, minuun, n, p -> - let { - minu = Predef.tk 2 minuna ; - a = Predef.dp 1 minuna - } in - {s = table { - PCase Nom => mina ; - PCase Gen => minun ; - PCase Part => minua ; - PCase Transl => minu + "ksi" ; - PCase Ess => minuna ; - PCase Iness => minu + ("ss" + a) ; - PCase Elat => minu + ("st" + a) ; - PCase Illat => minuun ; - PCase Adess => minu + ("ll" + a) ; - PCase Ablat => minu + ("lt" + a) ; - PCase Allat => minu + "lle" ; - PCase Abess => minu + ("tt" + a) ; - PAcc => Predef.tk 1 minun + "t" - } ; - n = n ; p = p} ; - - pronMina = mkPronoun "minä" "minun" "minua" "minuna" "minuun" Sg P1 ; - pronSina = mkPronoun "sinä" "sinun" "sinua" "sinuna" "sinuun" Sg P2 ; - pronHan = mkPronoun "hän" "hänen" "häntä" "hänenä" "häneen" Sg P3 ; - pronMe = mkPronoun "me" "meidän" "meitä" "meinä" "meihin" Pl P1 ; - pronTe = mkPronoun "te" "teidän" "teitä" "teinä" "teihin" Pl P2 ; - pronHe = mkPronoun "he" "heidän" "heitä" "heinä" "heihin" Pl P3 ; - pronNe = mkPronoun "ne" "niiden" "niitä" "niinä" "niihin" Pl P3 ; - - pronTama = mkPronoun "tämä" "tämän" "tätä" "tänä" "tähän" Sg P3 ; - pronNama = mkPronoun "nämä" "näiden" "näitä" "näinä" "näihin" Pl P3 ; - pronTuo = mkPronoun "tuo" "tuon" "tuota" "tuona" "tuohon" Sg P3 ; - pronNuo = mkPronoun "nuo" "noiden" "noita" "noina" "noihin" Pl P3 ; - --- The non-human pronoun "se" ('it') is even more irregular, --- Its accusative cases do not --- have a special form with "t", but have the normal genitive/nominative variation. --- We use the type $ProperName$ for "se", because of the accusative but also --- because the person and number are as for proper names. - - pronSe : ProperName = { - s = table { - Nom => "se" ; - Gen => "sen" ; - Part => "sitä" ; - Transl => "siksi" ; - Ess => "sinä" ; - Iness => "siinä" ; - Elat => "siitä" ; - Illat => "siihen" ; - Adess => "sillä" ; - Ablat => "siltä" ; - Allat => "sille" ; - Abess => "sittä" - } ; - } ; - --- The possessive suffixes will be needed in syntax. It will show up --- as a separate word ("auto &+ ni"), which needs unlexing. Unlexing also --- has to fix the vowel harmony in cases like "äiti &+ nsä". - - suff : Str -> Str = \ni -> BIND ++ ni ; - - possSuffix : Number => Person => Str = \\n,p => - suff (case of { - => "ni" ; - => "si" ; - => "nsa" ; - => "mme" ; - => "nne" ; - => "nsa" - } ) ; - --- The relative pronoun, "joka", is inflected in case and number, --- like common nouns, but it does not take possessive suffixes. --- The inflextion shows a surprising similarity with "suo". - - relPron : RelPron = - let {jo = sSuo "jo"} in {s = - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "joka" ; - Gen => "jonka" ; - c => jo.s ! NCase Sg c - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "jotka" ; - c => "j" + (jo.s ! NCase Pl c) - } - } - } ; - - mikaInt : Number => Case => Str = - let { - mi = sSuo "mi" - } in - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "mikä" ; - Gen => "minkä" ; - c => mi.s ! NCase Sg c - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "mitkä" ; - Gen => "mittenkä" ; - c => mi.s ! NCase Sg c - } - } ; - - kukaInt : Number => Case => Str = - let { - ku = sRae "kuka" "kenenä" ; - ket = sRae "kuka" "keinä"} in - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "kuka" ; - Part => "ketä" ; - Illat => "keneen" ; - c => ku.s ! NCase Sg c - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "ketkä" ; - Illat => "keihin" ; - c => ket.s ! NCase Pl c - } - } ; - - mikaanPron : Number => Case => Str = \\n,c => - case of { - => "mikään" ; - <_,Part> => "mitään" ; - => "minkään" ; - => "mitkään" ; - => "mittenkään" ; - <_,Ess> => "minään" ; - <_,Iness> => "missään" ; - <_,Elat> => "mistään" ; - <_,Adess> => "millään" ; - <_,Ablat> => "miltään" ; - _ => mikaInt ! n ! c + "kään" - } ; - - kukaanPron : Number => Case => Str = - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "kukaan" ; - Part => "ketään" ; - Ess => "kenään" ; - Iness => "kessään" ; - Elat => "kestään" ; - Illat => "kehenkään" ; - Adess => "kellään" ; - Ablat => "keltään" ; - c => kukaInt ! Sg ! c + "kään" - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "ketkään" ; - Part => "keitään" ; - Ess => "keinään" ; - Iness => "keissään" ; - Elat => "keistään" ; - Adess => "keillään" ; - Ablat => "keiltään" ; - c => kukaInt ! Pl ! c + "kään" - } - } ; - - jokuPron : Number => Case => Str = - let - ku = sPuu "ku" ; - kui = sPuu "kuu" - in - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "joku" ; - Gen => "jonkun" ; - c => relPron.s ! Sg ! c + ku.s ! NCase Sg c - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "jotkut" ; - c => relPron.s ! Pl ! c + kui.s ! NCase Pl c - } - } ; - - jokinPron : Number => Case => Str = - table { - Sg => table { - Nom => "jokin" ; - Gen => "jonkin" ; - c => relPron.s ! Sg ! c + "kin" - } ; - Pl => table { - Nom => "jotkin" ; - c => relPron.s ! Pl ! c + "kin" - } - } ; - -moniPron : Case => Str = caseTable singular (sSusi "moni" "monen" "monena") ; - -caseTable : Number -> CommonNoun -> Case => Str = \n,cn -> - \\c => cn.s ! NCase n c ; - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- To form an adjective, it is usually enough to give a noun declension: the --- adverbial form is regular. - - noun2adj : CommonNoun -> Adjective = noun2adjComp True ; - - noun2adjComp : Bool -> CommonNoun -> Adjective = \isPos,tuore -> - let - tuoreesti = Predef.tk 1 (tuore.s ! NCase Sg Gen) + "sti" ; - tuoreemmin = Predef.tk 2 (tuore.s ! NCase Sg Gen) + "in" - in {s = table { - AN f => tuore.s ! f ; - AAdv => if_then_Str isPos tuoreesti tuoreemmin - } - } ; - --- For the comparison of adjectives, three noun declensions --- are needed in the worst case. - - mkAdjDegr : (_,_,_ : Adjective) -> AdjDegr = \hyva,parempi,paras -> - {s = table { - Pos => hyva.s ; - Comp => parempi.s ; - Sup => paras.s - } - } ; - --- However, it is usually enough to give the positive declension and --- the characteristic forms of comparative and superlative. - - regAdjDegr : CommonNoun -> Str -> Str -> AdjDegr = \kiva, kivempaa, kivinta -> - mkAdjDegr - (noun2adj kiva) - (noun2adjComp False (sSuurempi kivempaa)) - (noun2adjComp False (sSuurin kivinta)) ; - - ---3 Verbs --- - - mkVerb : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb = - \tulla,tulen,tulee,tulevat,tulkaa,tullaan -> - let { - tule = Predef.tk 1 tulen ; - a = Predef.dp 1 tulkaa - } in - {s = table { - Inf => tulla ; - Ind Sg P1 => tulen ; - Ind Sg P2 => tule + "t" ; - Ind Sg P3 => tulee ; - Ind Pl P1 => tule + "mme" ; - Ind Pl P2 => tule + "tte" ; - Ind Pl P3 => tulevat ; - Imper Sg => tule ; - Imper Pl => tulkaa ; - ImpNegPl => Predef.tk 2 tulkaa + (ifTok Str a "a" "o" "ö") ; - Pass True => tullaan ; - Pass False => Predef.tk 2 tullaan - } - } ; - --- For "harppoa", "hukkua", "löytyä", with grade alternation. - - vHukkua : (_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \hukkua,huku -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 hukkua ; - hukku = Predef.tk 1 hukkua ; - u = Predef.dp 1 huku - } in - mkVerb - hukkua - (huku + "n") - (hukku + u) - (hukku + (("v" + a) + "t")) - (hukku + (("k" + a) + a)) - (huku + ((("t" + a) + a) + "n")) ; - --- For cases without alternation: "sanoa", "valua", "kysyä". - - vSanoa : Str -> Verb = \sanoa -> - vHukkua sanoa (Predef.tk 1 sanoa) ; - --- For "ottaa", "käyttää", "löytää", "huoltaa", "hiihtää", "siirtää". - - vOttaa : (_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \ottaa,otan -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 ottaa ; - ota = Predef.tk 1 otan ; - otta = Predef.tk 1 ottaa ; - ote = Predef.tk 1 ota + "e" - } in - mkVerb - ottaa - (ota + "n") - ottaa - (otta + (("v" + a) + "t")) - (otta + (("k" + a) + a)) - (ote + ((("t" + a) + a) + "n")) ; - --- For "poistaa", "ryystää". - - vPoistaa : Str -> Verb = \poistaa -> - vOttaa poistaa (Predef.tk 1 poistaa + "n") ; - --- For "osata", "lisätä" - - vOsata : Str -> Verb = \osata -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 osata ; - osa = Predef.tk 2 osata - } in - mkVerb - osata - (osa + (a + "n")) - (osa + a) - (osa + ((("a" + "v") + a) + "t")) - (osa + ((("t" + "k") + a) + a)) - (osata + (a + "n")) ; - --- For "juosta", "piestä", "nousta", "rangaista", "kävellä", "surra", "panna". - - vJuosta : (_,_ : Str) -> Verb = \juosta,juoksen -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 juosta ; - juokse = Predef.tk 1 juoksen ; - juos = Predef.tk 2 juosta - } in - mkVerb - juosta - juoksen - (juokse + "e") - (juokse + (("v" + a) + "t")) - (juos + (("k" + a) + a)) - (juosta + (a + "n")) ; - --- For "juoda", "syödä". - - vJuoda : Str -> Verb = \juoda -> - let { - a = Predef.dp 1 juoda ; - juo = Predef.tk 2 juoda - } in - mkVerb - juoda - (juo + "n") - juo - (juo + (("v" + a) + "t")) - (juo + (("k" + a) + a)) - (juoda + (a + "n")) ; - - - verbOlla : Verb = mkVerb "olla" "olen" "on" "ovat" "olkaa" "ollaan" ; - --- The negating operator "ei" is actually a verb, which has present --- active indicative and imperative forms, but no infinitive. - - verbEi : Verb = - let {ei = mkVerb nonExist "en" "ei" "eivät" "älkää" "ei"} in - {s = table { - Ind Pl P3 => "eivät" ; - v => ei.s ! v - } - } ; - - ---2 Some structural words - - kuinConj = "kuin" ; - - conjEtta = "että" ; - advSiten = "siten" ; - - mikakukaInt : Gender => Number => Case => Str = - table { - NonHuman => mikaInt ; - Human => kukaInt - } ; - - kaikkiPron : Number -> Case => Str = \n -> - let {kaiket = caseTable n (sKorpi "kaikki" "kaiken" "kaikkena")} in - table { - Nom => "kaikki" ; - c => kaiket ! c - } ; - - stopPunct = "." ; - commaPunct = "," ; - questPunct = "?" ; - exclPunct = "!" ; - - koPart = suff "ko" ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ea22ec6ba..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,300 +0,0 @@ ---1 Finnish Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoFin.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, not --- stems, as string arguments of the paradigms, not stems. --- --- This is the path to read the grammar from the same directory. ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsFin = open Prelude, SyntaxFin, ResourceFin in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender, number, and (some) case names, --- we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type; - - human : Gender ; - nonhuman : Gender ; - - Number : Type; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - - Case : Type ; - nominative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - partitive : Case ; - inessive : Case ; - elative : Case ; - illative : Case ; - adessive : Case ; - ablative : Case ; - allative : Case ; - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: give ten forms and the semantic gender. --- In practice just a couple of forms are needed, to define the different --- stems, vowel alternation, and vowel harmony. - -oper - mkN : - (talo,talon,talona,taloa,taloon,taloina,taloissa,talojen,taloja,taloihin - : Str) -> Gender -> N ; - --- Nouns with partitive "a"/"ä" are a large group. --- To determine for grade and vowel alternation, three forms are usually needed: --- singular nominative and genitive, and plural partitive. --- Examples: "talo", "kukko", "huippu", "koira", "kukka", "syylä", "särki"... - - nKukko : (kukko,kukon,kukkoja : Str) -> N ; - --- For convenience, we define 1-argument paradigms as producing the --- nonhuman gender; the following function changes this: - - humanN : N -> N ; - --- A special case are nouns with no alternations: --- the vowel harmony is inferred from the last letter, --- which must be one of "o", "u", "ö", "y". - - nTalo : (talo : Str) -> N ; - --- Another special case are nouns where the last two consonants --- undergo regular weak-grade alternation: --- "kukko - kukon", "rutto - ruton", "hyppy - hypyn", "sampo - sammon", --- "kunto - kunnon", "sisältö - sisällön", . - - nLukko : (lukko : Str) -> N ; - --- "arpi - arven", "sappi - sapen", "kampi - kammen";"sylki - syljen" - - nArpi : (arpi : Str) -> N ; - nSylki : (sylki : Str) -> N ; - --- Foreign words ending in consonants are actually similar to words like --- "malli"/"mallin"/"malleja", with the exception that the "i" is not attached --- to the singular nominative. Examples: "linux", "savett", "screen". --- The singular partitive form is used to get the vowel harmony. (N.B. more than --- 1-syllabic words ending in "n" would have variant plural genitive and --- partitive forms, like "sultanien"/"sultaneiden", which are not covered.) - - nLinux : (linuxia : Str) -> N ; - --- Nouns of at least 3 syllables ending with "a" or "ä", like "peruna", "tavara", --- "rytinä". - - nPeruna : (peruna : Str) -> N ; - --- The following paradigm covers both nouns ending in an aspirated "e", such as --- "rae", "perhe", "savuke", and also many ones ending in a consonant --- ("rengas", "kätkyt"). The singular nominative and essive are given. - - nRae : (rae, rakeena : Str) -> N ; - --- The following covers nouns with partitive "ta"/"tä", such as --- "susi", "vesi", "pieni". To get all stems and the vowel harmony, it takes --- the singular nominative, genitive, and essive. - - nSusi : (susi,suden,sutta : Str) -> N ; - --- Nouns ending with a long vowel, such as "puu", "pää", "pii", "leikkuu", --- are inflected according to the following. - - nPuu : (puu : Str) -> N ; - --- One-syllable diphthong nouns, such as "suo", "tie", "työ", are inflected by --- the following. - - nSuo : (suo : Str) -> N ; - --- Many adjectives but also nouns have the nominative ending "nen" which in other --- cases becomes "s": "nainen", "ihminen", "keltainen". --- To capture the vowel harmony, we use the partitive form as the argument. - - nNainen : (naista : Str) -> N ; - --- The following covers some nouns ending with a consonant, e.g. --- "tilaus", "kaulin", "paimen", "laidun". - - nTilaus : (tilaus,tilauksena : Str) -> N ; - --- Special case: - - nKulaus : (kulaus : Str) -> N ; - --- The following covers nouns like "nauris" and adjectives like "kallis", "tyyris". --- The partitive form is taken to get the vowel harmony. - - nNauris : (naurista : Str) -> N ; - --- Separately-written compound nouns, like "sambal oelek", "Urho Kekkonen", --- have only their last part inflected. - - nComp : Str -> N -> N ; - --- Nouns used as functions need a case, of which by far the commonest is --- the genitive. - - mkFun : N -> Case -> Fun ; - fGen : N -> Fun ; - --- Proper names can be formed by using declensions for nouns. --- The plural forms are filtered away by the compiler. - - mkPN : N -> PN ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives are just like nouns. - - mkAdj1 : N -> Adj1 ; - --- Two-place adjectives need a case for the second argument. - - mkAdj2 : N -> Case -> Adj2 ; - --- Comparison adjectives have three forms. The comparative and the superlative --- are always inflected in the same way, so the nominative of them is actually --- enough (except for the superlative "paras" of "hyvä"). - - mkAdjDeg : (kiva : N) -> (kivempaa,kivinta : Str) -> AdjDeg ; - - ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. --- The worst case needs five forms, as shown in the following. - - mkV : (tulla,tulen,tulee,tulevat,tulkaa,tullaan : Str) -> V ; - --- A simple special case is the one with just one stem and no grade alternation. --- It covers e.g. "sanoa", "valua", "kysyä". - - vValua : (valua : Str) -> V ; - --- With two forms, the following function covers a variety of verbs, such as --- "ottaa", "käyttää", "löytää", "huoltaa", "hiihtää", "siirtää". - - vKattaa : (kattaa, katan : Str) -> V ; - --- When grade alternation is not present, just a one-form special case is needed --- ("poistaa", "ryystää"). - - vOstaa : (ostaa : Str) -> V ; - --- The following covers --- "juosta", "piestä", "nousta", "rangaista", "kävellä", "surra", "panna". - - vNousta : (nousta, nousen : Str) -> V ; - --- This is for one-syllable diphthong verbs like "juoda", "syödä". - - vTuoda : (tuoda : Str) -> V ; - --- The verbs "be" and the negative auxiliary are special. - - vOlla : V ; - vEi : V ; - --- Two-place verbs need a case, and can have a pre- or postposition. --- At least one of the latter is empty, $[]$. - - mkTV : V -> Case -> (prep,postp : Str) -> TV ; - --- If both are empty, the following special function can be used. - - tvCase : V -> Case -> TV ; - --- Verbs with a direct (accusative) object --- are special, since their complement case is finally decided in syntax. - - tvDir : V -> TV ; - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - Gender = SyntaxFin.Gender ; - Case = SyntaxFin.Case ; - Number = SyntaxFin.Number ; - - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - - human = Human ; - nonhuman = NonHuman ; - - nominative = Nom ; - genitive = Gen ; - partitive = Part ; - inessive = Iness ; - elative = Elat ; - illative = Illat ; - adessive = Adess ; - ablative = Ablat ; - allative = Allat ; - - mkN = \a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k -> - mkNoun a b c d e f g h i j ** {g = k ; lock_N = <>} ; - - nKukko = \a,b,c -> sKukko a b c ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - - humanN = \n -> {s = n.s ; lock_N = n.lock_N ; g = human} ; - - nLukko = \a -> sLukko a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nTalo = \a -> sTalo a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nArpi = \a -> sArpi a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nSylki = \a -> sSylki a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nLinux = \a -> sLinux a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nPeruna = \a -> sPeruna a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nRae = \a,b -> sRae a b ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nSusi = \a,b,c -> sSusi a b c ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nPuu = \a -> sPuu a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nSuo = \a -> sSuo a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nNainen = \a -> sNainen a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nTilaus = \a,b -> sTilaus a b ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - nKulaus = \a -> nTilaus a (init a + "ksen" + getHarmony (last - (init a))) ; - nNauris = \a -> sNauris a ** {g = nonhuman ; lock_N = <>} ; - - - nComp = \s,n -> {s = \\c => s ++ n.s ! c ; g = n.g ; lock_N = <>} ; - mkFun = \n,c -> n2n n ** {c = NPCase c ; lock_Fun = <>} ; - fGen = \n -> mkFun n genitive ; - mkPN n = mkProperName n ** {lock_PN = <>} ; - - mkAdj1 = \x -> noun2adj x ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - mkAdj2 = \x,c -> mkAdj1 x ** {c = NPCase c ; lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - mkAdjDeg x y z = regAdjDegr x y z ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - - mkV a b c d e f = mkVerb a b c d e f ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vValua v = vSanoa v ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vKattaa v u = vOttaa v u ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vOstaa v = vPoistaa v ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vNousta v u = vJuosta v u ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vTuoda v = vJuoda v ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vOlla = verbOlla ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vEi = verbEi ** {lock_V = <>} ; - ----- mkTV = \v,c,p,o -> v ** {s3 = p ; s4 = o ; c = c ; lock_TV = <>} ; - tvCase = \v,c -> mkTV v c [] [] ; - tvDir v = mkTransVerbDir v ** {lock_TV = <>} ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/PredicationFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/PredicationFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 8f4873fd7..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/PredicationFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource PredicationFin = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceFin), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtFin) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceExtFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceExtFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 85a02b09e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceExtFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtFin = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceFin) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 499e1b3fc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/ResourceFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceFin of Resource = reuse StructuralFin ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/StructuralFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/StructuralFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 743157d0e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/StructuralFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,149 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Finnish Resource Grammar: Structural Words --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- -concrete StructuralFin of Structural = - CombinationsFin ** open Prelude, SyntaxFin in { - lin - - INP = pronNounPhrase pronMina ; - ThouNP = pronNounPhrase pronSina ; - HeNP = pronNounPhrase pronHan ; - SheNP = pronNounPhrase pronHan ; - WeNumNP = pronWithNum pronMe ; - YeNumNP = pronWithNum pronTe ; - YouNP = pronNounPhrase pronTe ; - TheyNP = pronNounPhrase pronHe ; --- ne - - ItNP = nameNounPhrase pronSe ; - ThisNP = pronNounPhraseNP pronTama ; - ThatNP = pronNounPhraseNP pronTuo ; - TheseNumNP = pronWithNum pronNama ; - ThoseNumNP = pronWithNum pronNuo ; - - EverybodyNP = { - s = \\f => kaikkiPron Pl ! (npForm2Case Pl f) ; -- näin kaikki - n = Pl ; - p = NP3 - } ; - EverythingNP = { - s = \\f => kaikkiPron Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; -- näin kaiken - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - - SomebodyNP = { - s = \\f => jokuPron ! Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - SomethingNP = { - s = \\f => jokinPron ! Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; -- näin kaiken - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - ---- This two don't work in Finnish except out of context ---- ("kenet tapasitte - emme ketään"). - - NobodyNP = { - s = \\f => "ei" ++ kukaanPron ! Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - NothingNP = { - s = \\f => "ei" ++ mikaanPron ! Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - - EveryDet = jokainenDet ; - AllMassDet = mkDeterminer singular (kaikkiPron Sg) ; - AllNumDet = kaikkiDet ; - WhichDet = mikaDet ; - WhichNumDet n = mkDeterminerGenNum n (mikaInt ! Pl) (kukaInt ! Pl) ; - MostDet = mkDeterminer singular (caseTable singular (sSuurin "enintä")) ; - MostsDet = useimmatDet ; - ManyDet = mkDeterminer singular moniPron ; - MuchDet = mkDeterminer singular (caseTable singular (sNauris "runsasta")) ; - ---- The following 4 only work this way in Finnish if used outside sentences ---- with a verb. - - AnyDet = mkDeterminerGen Sg (mikaanPron ! Sg) (kukaanPron ! Sg) ; - AnyNumDet n = mkDeterminerGenNum n (mikaanPron ! Pl) (kukaanPron ! Pl) ; - NoDet = mkDeterminerGen Sg - (\\c => "ei" ++ mikaanPron ! Sg ! c) - (\\c => "ei" ++ kukaanPron ! Sg ! c) ; - NoNumDet n = mkDeterminerGenNum n - (\\c => "ei" ++ mikaanPron ! Pl ! c) - (\\c => "ei" ++ kukaanPron ! Pl ! c) ; - - ThisDet = mkDeterminer Sg (\\c => pronTama.s ! PCase c) ; - ThatDet = mkDeterminer Sg (\\c => pronTuo.s ! PCase c) ; - TheseNumDet n = mkDeterminerNum n (\\c => pronNama.s ! PCase c) ; - ThoseNumDet n = mkDeterminerNum n (\\c => pronNuo.s ! PCase c) ; - - SomeDet = mkDeterminerGen Sg (jokinPron ! Sg) (jokuPron ! Sg) ; - SomeNumDet n = mkDeterminerGenNum n (jokinPron ! Pl) (jokuPron ! Pl) ; - - HowIAdv = ss "kuinka" ; - WhenIAdv = ss "koska" ; - WhereIAdv = ss "missä" ; - WhyIAdv = ss "miksi" ; - - AndConj = ss "ja" ** {n = Pl} ; - OrConj = ss "tai" ** {n = Sg} ; - BothAnd = sd2 "sekä" "että" ** {n = Pl} ; - EitherOr = sd2 "joko" "tai" ** {n = Sg} ; - NeitherNor = sd2 "ei" "eikä" ** {n = Sg} ; - IfSubj = ss "jos" ; - WhenSubj = ss "kun" ; - AlthoughSubj = ss "vaikka" ; - - PhrYes = ss ("Kyllä" ++ stopPunct) ; - PhrNo = ss ("Ei" ++ stopPunct) ; - - VeryAdv = ss "hyvin" ; - TooAdv = ss "liian" ; - - OtherwiseAdv = ss "muuten" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "siksi" ; - - CanVV = nomVerbVerb (vJuoda "voida") ; - CanKnowVV = nomVerbVerb (vOsata "osata") ; - MustVV = vHukkua "täytyä" "täydy" ** {c = CCase Gen} ; - WantVV = nomVerbVerb (vOsata "haluta") ; - - EverywhereNP = ss "kaikkialla" ; - SomewhereNP = ss "jossain" ; - NowhereNP = ss ["ei missään"] ; - - AlthoughSubj = ss "vaikka" ; - - AlmostAdv = ss "melkein" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "aika" ; - - InPrep = prepCase Iness ; - OnPrep = prepCase Adess ; - ToPrep = prepCase Illat ; --- allat - ThroughPrep = prepPostpGen "kautta" ; - AbovePrep = prepPostpGen "yläpuolella" ; - UnderPrep = prepPostpGen "alla" ; - InFrontPrep = prepPostpGen "edessä" ; - BehindPrep = prepPostpGen "takana" ; - BetweenPrep = prepPostpGen "välissä" ; - FromPrep = prepCase Elat ; --- ablat - BeforePrep = prepPrep "ennen" Part ; - DuringPrep = prepPostpGen "aikana" ; - AfterPrep = prepPostpGen "jälkeen" ; - WithPrep = prepPostpGen "kanssa" ; - WithoutPrep = prepPrep "ilman" Part ; - ByMeansPrep = prepPostpGen "avulla" ; - PossessPrep = prepCase Gen ; - PartPrep = prepCase Part ; - AgentPrep = prepPostpGen "toimesta" ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7798b5543..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1160 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Small Finnish Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in Finnish. --- --- The following files are presupposed: - -resource SyntaxFin = MorphoFin ** open Prelude, (CO = Coordination) in { - ---2 Common Nouns --- --- Simple common nouns are defined as the type $CommNoun$ in $MorphoFin$. - ---3 Common noun phrases - --- In Finnish, common noun phrases behave like simple common nouns, except that --- we need a kind of a *gender* parameter telling if the noun is human or not. --- This parameter regulates determiners such as "joku"/"jokin" ('some') and --- "kuka"/"mikä" ('which'). --- --- A subtle reason forces us to distinguish the parameters of common noun phrases --- from those of morphological common nouns: the parameter value $NPossNom$ is --- syntactically applicable to each of $Sg Nom$, $Pl Nom$, $Sg Gen$. In morphology, --- these forms are always the same ("autoni"), but with complex common nouns, we --- have three different forms: "iso autoni", "isot autoni", "ison autoni". - -oper - CommNoun = {s : NForm => Str ; g : Gender} ; - - CommNounPhrase = {s : Bool => Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \man -> - useCN man ** {g = man.g} ; - - n2n = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - - useCN : CommonNoun -> {s : Bool => Number => Case => Str} = \auto -> - {s = table { - True => \\n,c => case of { - <_, Nom> => auto.s ! NPossNom ; - => auto.s ! NPossNom ; - => auto.s ! NPossGenPl ; - <_,Transl> => auto.s ! NPossTransl n ; - <_,Illat> => auto.s ! NPossIllat n ; - _ => auto.s ! NCase n c - } ; - False => \\n,c => auto.s ! NCase n c - } - } ; - - cnNoHum : CommonNoun -> CommNoun = \cn -> cn ** {g = NonHuman} ; - cnHum : CommonNoun -> CommNoun = \cn -> cn ** {g = Human} ; - ---2 Noun phrases --- --- Two forms of *virtual accusative* are needed for nouns in singular, --- the nominative and the genitive one ("ostan talon"/"osta talo"). --- For nouns in plural, only a nominative accusative exist. Pronouns --- have a uniform, special accusative form ("minut", etc). - -param - NPForm = NPCase Case | NPAccNom | NPAccGen ; - --- The *person* of a noun phrase is also special, to steer the use of --- possessive suffixes. It expresses a distinction between pronominal and --- non-pronominal noun phrases. The pronominal ones impose possessive suffixes --- in genitival constructions ("minun taloni", "hänen talonsa"), the non-pronominal --- ones don't ("Jussin talo"). As for verbal agreement, non-pronominal noun --- phrases are third-person. - - NPPerson = NP3 | NPP Person ; - -oper - np2Person : NPPerson -> Person = \n -> case n of { - NP3 => P3 ; - NPP p => p - } ; - -oper - npForm2Case : Number -> NPForm -> Case = \n,f -> case f of { - NPCase c => c ; - NPAccNom => Nom ; - NPAccGen => case n of { - Sg => Gen ; - Pl => Nom - } - } ; - - npForm2PForm : NPForm -> PForm = \f -> case f of { - NPCase c => PCase c ; - _ => PAcc - } ; - - NounPhrase : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : NPPerson} ; - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase = \jussi -> - {s = \\f => jussi.s ! npForm2Case Sg f ; n = Sg ; p = NP3} ; - - singularNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \cn -> - {s = \\f => cn.s ! False ! Sg ! (npForm2Case Sg f) ; n = Sg ; p = NP3} ; - - pluralNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \cn -> - {s = \\f => cn.s ! False ! Pl ! (npForm2Case Pl f) ; n = Pl ; p = NP3} ; - - pronNounPhrase : Pronoun -> NounPhrase = \pron -> - {s = \\f => pron.s ! npForm2PForm f ; n = pron.n ; p = NPP pron.p} ; - - pronNounPhraseNP : Pronoun -> NounPhrase = \pron -> - {s = table { - NPAccNom => pron.s ! PCase Nom ; - NPAccGen => pron.s ! PCase Gen ; - f => pron.s ! npForm2PForm f - } ; - n = pron.n ; - p = NPP pron.p - } ; - --- *Partitive noun phrases* use the partitive instead of the nominative --- and accusative forms. - - npForm2CasePart : NPForm -> Case = \f -> case f of { - NPCase Nom => Part ; - NPCase c => c ; - _ => Part - } ; - - partNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n, cn -> - {s = \\f => cn.s ! False ! n ! (npForm2CasePart f) ; n = n ; p = NP3} ; - - Numeral : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; isNum : Bool} ; - - pronWithNum : Pronoun -> Numeral -> NounPhrase = \me,kaksi -> - let meihin = pronNounPhraseNP me - in - {s = \\c => meihin.s ! c ++ kaksi.s ! c ; - n = me.n ; - p = NPP me.p --- meidän kahden talo (*talomme) - } ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = \\_ => [] ; isNum = False} ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Most determiners are inflected like nouns. They have an inherent number --- that is given to the noun that is being determined. - - Determiner : Type = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number ; isNum : Bool} ; - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \joku, mies -> - {s = \\f => let {c = npForm2Case joku.n f} in - joku.s ! mies.g ! c ++ - mkCaseNum joku.isNum joku.n c (mies.s ! False) ; - n = joku.n ; - p = NP3 - } ; - - mkCaseNum : Bool -> Number -> Case -> (Number => Case => Str) -> Str = - \isNum, n, c, mies -> - case of { - => mies ! Sg ! Part ; -- kolme miestä - => mies ! Sg ! c ; -- kolmelle miehelle - _ => mies ! n ! c - } ; - - mkDeterminerGen : Number -> (_,_ : Case => Str) -> Determiner = \n,mika,kuka -> - {s = table { - NonHuman => mika ; - Human => kuka - } ; - n = n ; - isNum = False - } ; - - mkDeterminerGenNum : Numeral -> (_,_ : Case => Str) -> Determiner = - \n,mika,kuka -> - {s = table { - NonHuman => \\c => mika ! c ++ n.s ! NPCase c ; - Human => \\c => kuka ! c ++ n.s ! NPCase c - } ; - n = Pl ; - isNum = n.isNum - } ; - - mkDeterminer : Number -> (Case => Str) -> Determiner = \n,kaikki -> - mkDeterminerGen n kaikki kaikki ; - - mkDeterminerNum : Numeral -> (Case => Str) -> Determiner = \n,kaikki -> - mkDeterminerGenNum n kaikki kaikki ; - - jokainenDet = mkDeterminer Sg (caseTable Sg (sNainen "jokaista")) ; - kaikkiDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \n -> mkDeterminerNum n (kaikkiPron Pl) ; - useimmatDet = mkDeterminer Pl (caseTable Pl (sSuurin "useinta")) ; - mikaDet = mkDeterminerGen Sg (mikaInt ! Sg) (kukaInt ! Sg) ; - mitkaDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \n -> - mkDeterminerGenNum n (mikaInt ! Pl) (kukaInt ! Pl) ; - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,mies -> - case n of { - Sg => singularNounPhrase mies ; -- mies - Pl => partNounPhrase plural mies -- miehiä - } ; - --- The definite and indefinite numeral phrases differ in case, and a numeral --- creates partitive for the nominative. - - nounPhraseNum : Bool -> Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \isDef,n,mies -> - case n.isNum of { - True => { - s = table { - NPCase Nom => n.s ! NPCase Nom ++ mies.s ! False ! Sg ! Part ; - c => n.s ! c ++ mies.s ! False ! Sg ! npForm2Case Sg c - } ; - n = if_then_else Number isDef Pl Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - _ => if_then_else NounPhrase isDef - (pluralNounPhrase mies) - (partNounPhrase plural mies) - } ; - - defNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,mies -> - case n of { - Sg => singularNounPhrase mies ; - Pl => pluralNounPhrase mies - } ; - - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "Jussin talo" - "Jussin talot". --- The NP person of the 'owner' decides if there is a possessive suffix. - - npGenDet : Number -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,jussi,talo -> - {s = \\c => jussi.s ! NPCase Gen ++ - ifPossSuffix talo jussi.p jussi.n (npForm2Case n c) ; - n = n ; - p = NP3 - } ; - - npGenDetNum : Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \viisi,jussi,talo -> - {s = \\c => jussi.s ! NPCase Gen ++ viisi.s ! c ++ - ifPossSuffix talo jussi.p jussi.n ( - case viisi.isNum of { - True => Part ; - _ => npForm2Case Pl c - } - ) ; - n = Pl ; - p = NP3 - } ; - - ifPossSuffix : CommNounPhrase -> NPPerson -> Number -> Case -> Str = - \talo,np,n,c -> case np of { - NP3 => talo.s ! False ! n ! c ; - NPP p => talo.s ! True ! n ! c ++ possSuffix ! n ! p - } ; - --- *Bare plural noun phrases*, like "koivut" in "koivut ovat valkoisia", --- are similar to definite plurals. - - plurDet : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = pluralNounPhrase ; - --- Constructions like "huomio että kaksi on parillinen" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have --- "kaikki ehdotukset että...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \idea,x -> - {s = \\p,n,c => idea.s ! p ! n ! c ++ "että" ++ x.s ; - g = idea.g - } ; - --- The existential structure is simple. - - onNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Sentence = \kaljaa -> - ss (kaljaa.s ! NPCase Nom ++ "on") ; - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectival phrases are used either as attributes or in predicative position. --- In the attributive position, all cases occur; in the predicative position, only --- the nominative, partitive, translative, and essive - but we ignore this --- restriction for simplicity. The important thing with the parameter is to --- regulate the word order of complex adjectival phrases: cf. predicative --- "(kuusi on) jaollinen kolmella" vs. attributive "kolmella jaollinen (luku)". --- In comparatives, the whole construction is affected: "suurempi kuin kolme" --- vs. "kolmea suurempi". (Actually, in the predicative position, the two --- are in free variation, the distinguished one being the normal choice: --- "kuusi on kolmella jaollinen" is possible, but not quite neutral.) - -param - AdjPos = APred | AAttr ; - -oper - AdjPhrase : Type = {s : AdjPos => AForm => Str} ; - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \uusi -> - {s = \\_ => uusi.s} ; - - ---3 Comparison adjectives --- --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("iso"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \iso -> - adj2adjPhrase {s = iso.s ! Pos} ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("isompi kuin te"/"teitä isompi"). - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \iso, te -> - {s = let {teitaisompi : AForm => Str = - \\a => te.s ! NPCase Part ++ iso.s ! Comp ! a} in - table { - APred => variants { - \\a => iso.s ! Comp ! a ++ kuinConj ++ te.s ! NPCase Nom ; - teitaisompi - } ; - AAttr => teitaisompi - } - } ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a modified noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain ("isoin talo"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \iso,talo -> - {s = \\np => let {c = npForm2Case Sg np} in - iso.s ! Sup ! AN (NCase Sg c) ++ talo.s ! False ! Sg ! c ; - n = Sg ; - p = NP3 - } ; - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a case used after (or before) --- the complement. The case can be the genitival accusative, which is different --- in the singular and the plural ("rajan ylittävä"/"rajat ylittävä"). --- The order of the adjective and its argument depends on the case: the local --- cases favour Adj + Noun in the predicative position ("hyvä painissa", --- "tyytyväinen vaalitulokseen", "jaollinen kolmella"), which is not a possible --- order for the accusative case. - - AdjCompl = Adjective ** {c : NPForm} ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \hyva,paini -> - let { - hyvat : AForm => Str = \\a => hyva.s ! a ; - painissa : Str = paini.s ! hyva.c - } - in - {s = table { - AAttr => \\a => painissa ++ hyvat ! a ; - APred => \\a => if_then_else Str - (isLocalNPForm hyva.c) - (variants { - hyvat ! a ++ painissa ; - painissa ++ hyvat ! a - } - ) - (painissa ++ hyvat ! a) - } - } ; - - isLocalNPForm : NPForm -> Bool = \c -> case c of { - NPCase Iness => True ; - NPCase Elat => True ; - NPCase Illat => True ; - NPCase Adess => True ; - NPCase Ablat => True ; - NPCase Allat => True ; - _ => False - } ; - - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("Jussi on iso") --- and in modification ("iso mies"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. --- --- Modification uses the attributive form of an adjectival phrase. --- The adjective always comes before the noun. The possessive suffix is --- given to the noun. - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \iso,mies -> - {s = \\p,n,c => iso.s ! AAttr ! AN (NCase n c) ++ mies.s ! p ! n ! c ; - g = mies.g - } ; - ---2 Function expressions - --- A function expression is a common noun together with the --- case taken by its argument ("x'n vaimo"). --- The type is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs; --- but here the genitive is by far the commonest case. The possessive suffix --- is then needed with pronominal arguments. - - Function = CommNounPhrase ** {c : NPForm} ; - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "Jussi vaimo/vaimot". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "Jussi vaimo", "Jussin vaimot", --- "Jussin ja Marin äidit", and "Jussin ja Marin äiti" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \vaimo, jussi -> - {s = \\p,n,c => case vaimo.c of { - NPCase Gen => jussi.s ! NPCase Gen ++ - ifPossSuffix vaimo jussi.p jussi.n c ; - h => vaimo.s ! False ! n ! c ++ jussi.s ! h - } ; - g = vaimo.g - } ; - --- Notice the switched word order in other cases than the genitive, e.g. --- "veli Jussille". --- --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = \x -> x ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to function application --- producing "John's mother" and "the mother of John". It does not appear in the --- resource grammar API as a primitive. - - appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll, vaimo,jussi -> - let {n = jussi.n ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n} in - npGenDet nf jussi vaimo ; - --- The commonest case is functions with the genitive case. - - funGen : CommNounPhrase -> Function = \vaimo -> - vaimo ** {c = NPCase Gen} ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {c2 : NPForm} ; - --- There application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \juna, turku -> - {s = \\p,n,c => juna.s ! False ! n ! c ++ turku.s ! juna.c ; - g = juna.g ; - c = juna.c2 - } ; - - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 Verb phrases --- --- Verb phrases are discontinuous: the two parts of a verb phrase are --- (s) an inflected verb, (s2) a complement. --- For instance: "on" - "kaunis" ; "ei" - "ole kaunis" ; "sisältää" - "rikkiä". --- Moreover, a subject case is needed, because of passive and 'have' verb --- phrases ("minä uin" ; "minut valitaan" ; "minua odotetaan" ; "minulla on jano"). - - VerbPhrase = Verb ** {s2 : VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - VerbGroup = {s,s2 : Bool => VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vg -> { - s = vg.s ! b ; - s2 = vg.s2 ! b ; - c = vg.c - } ; - - vp2vg : (Bool -> VerbPhrase) -> VerbGroup = \f -> { - s = \\b => (f b).s ; - s2 = \\b => (f b).s2 ; - c = (f True).c - } ; - --- The normal subject case is the nominative. - - nomVerbPhrase : (p,n : {s,s2 : VForm => Str}) -> VerbGroup = \pos,neg -> - {s = table {True => pos.s ; False => neg.s} ; - s2 = table {True => pos.s2 ; False => neg.s2} ; - c = CCase Nom - } ; - --- From the inflection table, we select the finite form as function --- of person and number: - - indicVerb : Verb -> Person -> Number -> Str = \v,p,n -> - v.s ! Ind n p ; - --- A simple verb can be made into a verb phrase with an empty complement, e.g. --- "ui" - []. --- There are two versions, depending on if we want to negate the verb. --- In the negated form, the negative verb "ei" becomes the verb, and the --- complement is a special infinite form of the verb (usually similar to the --- 2nd person singular imperative): "ei" - "ui". --- --- N.B. negation is *not* a function applicable to a verb phrase, since --- double negations with "ei" are not grammatical. - - predVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \walk -> - let { - noCompl : {s2 : VForm => Str} = {s2 = \\_ => []} ; - infCompl : {s2 : VForm => Str} = {s2 = table { - Imper Pl => walk.s ! ImpNegPl ; - _ => walk.s ! vFormNeg - } - } - } - in - nomVerbPhrase (walk ** noCompl) (verbEi ** infCompl) ; - --- (N.B. local definitions workaround for poor type inference in GF 1.2). - --- Sometimes we want to extract the verb part of a verb phrase. Not strictly --- necessary since this is a consequence of record subtyping. - - verbOfPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Verb = \v -> {s = v.s} ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives ("on vanha"), --- common nouns ("on mies"), and noun phrases ("on Jussi"). --- The third rule is overgenerating: "on jokainen mies" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. --- --- For adjectives and common nouns, notice the case difference in the complement --- depending on number: "on kaunis" - "ovat kauniita". We ignore the forms --- "on kaunista", used with mass terms, and "ovat kauniit", used in --- constructions of the "plurale tantum" kind. The adjective rule can be defined --- in terms of the common noun rule. - - predAdjective : AdjPhrase -> VerbGroup = \iso -> - let - isot : CommNounPhrase = { - s = \\_,n,c => iso.s ! APred ! AN (NCase n c) ; - g = NonHuman - } - in predCommNoun isot ; - - predCommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \mies -> - let { - miehia : VForm => Str = \\v => case vform2number v of { - Sg => mies.s ! False ! Sg ! Nom ; - Pl => mies.s ! False ! Pl ! Part - } ; - olemiehia : VForm => Str = - \\v => verbOlla.s ! vFormNeg ++ miehia ! v - } - in nomVerbPhrase (verbOlla ** {s2 = miehia}) (verbEi ** {s2 = olemiehia}) ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \jussi -> - let {jussia : Bool => Number => Case => Str = \\_,_,_ => jussi.s ! NPCase Nom} - in predCommNoun {s = jussia ; g = Human} ; --- gender does not matter - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \pois -> - let {poissa : Bool => Number => Case => Str = \\_,_,_ => pois.s} - in predCommNoun {s = poissa ; g = NonHuman} ; --- gender does not matter - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a case and, possibly, a preposition --- or a postposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object*. - -param - ComplCase = CCase Case | CAcc ; - -oper - TransVerb : Type = Verb ** {s3, s4 : Str ; c : ComplCase} ; - --- The rule for using transitive verbs is the complementization rule. --- --- N.B. One or both of the pre- and postposition are empty. - - complTransVerb : TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \ostaa,talo -> - let { - ostan = predVerb ostaa ; - talon : Bool => VForm => Str = \\b,v => - ostaa.s3 ++ talo.s ! complementCase b ostaa.c v ++ ostaa.s4 - } - in - {s = ostan.s ; - s2 = \\b,v => ostan.s2 ! b ! v ++ talon ! b ! v ; - c = CCase Nom - } ; - --- N.B. If the case is accusative, it becomes partitive in negated verb phrases. --- The choice between the nominative and genitive accusatives depends on the verb --- form. - - complementCase : Bool -> ComplCase -> VForm -> NPForm = \b,c,v -> case c of { - CCase k => NPCase k ; - CAcc => case b of { - True => case v of { - Inf => NPAccNom ; - Ind _ _ => NPAccGen ; - Imper _ => NPAccNom ; - ImpNegPl => NPCase Part ; - Pass True => NPAccNom ; - Pass False => NPCase Part - } ; - _ => NPCase Part - } - } ; - --- Verbs that take their object with a case other than the accusative, --- without pre- or postposition: - - mkTransVerbCase : Verb -> Case -> TransVerb = \nauraa,c -> - nauraa ** {s3 = [] ; s4 = [] ; c = CCase c} ; - --- Verbs that take direct object with the accusative: - - mkTransVerbDir : Verb -> TransVerb = \ostaa -> - ostaa ** {s3 = [] ; s4 = [] ; c = CAcc} ; - --- Most two-place verbs can be used passively; the object case need not be --- the accusative, and it becomes the subject case in the passive sentence. - - passTransVerb : TransVerb -> VerbGroup = \tavata -> - {s = \\b,_ => if_then_else Str b (tavata.s ! Pass b) "ei" ; - s2 = \\b,_ => if_then_else Str b [] (tavata.s ! Pass b) ; - c = tavata.c - } ; - --- The API function does not demand that the verb is two-place. --- Therefore, we can only give it the accusative case, as default. - - passVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \uida -> - passTransVerb (mkTransVerbDir uida) ; - --- Transitive verbs can be used elliptically as verbs. The semantics --- is left to applications. The definition is trivial, due to record --- subtyping. - - transAsVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \juoda -> - juoda ; - --- The 'real' Finnish passive is unpersonal, equivalent to the --- "man" construction in German. It is formed by inflecting the --- bare verb phrase in passive, and putting the complement before --- the verb ("auttaa minua" - "minua autetaan"). - - passPredVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Sentence = \auttaaminua -> - let {p = Pass True} in - {s = auttaaminua.s2 ! p ++ auttaaminua.s ! p} ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s5, s6 : Str ; c2 : ComplCase} ; - - complDitransVerb : DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = - \ostaa,talo,me -> - let { - ostan = predVerb ostaa ; - talon : Bool => VForm => Str = \\b,v => - ostaa.s3 ++ talo.s ! complementCase b ostaa.c v ++ ostaa.s4 ; - meille : Bool => VForm => Str = \\b,v => - ostaa.s5 ++ me.s ! complementCase b ostaa.c2 v ++ ostaa.s6 - } - in { - s = ostan.s ; - s2 = \\b,v => ostan.s2 ! b ! v ++ talon ! b ! v ++ meille ! b ! v ; - c = CCase Nom - } ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials are not inflected (we ignore comparison, and treat --- compared adverbials as separate expressions; this could be done another way). - - Adverb : Type = SS ; - --- This rule adds the adverbial as a prefix or a suffix to the complement, --- in free variation. - - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \laulaa, hyvin -> - {s = laulaa.s ; - s2 = \\v => bothWays (laulaa.s2 ! v) hyvin.s ; - c = laulaa.c - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : Adverb -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \liian, iso -> - {s = \\p,a => liian.s ++ iso.s ! p ! a - } ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by case, prepositions, or postpositions. - - Preposition : Type = {s : Str ; c : Case ; isPrep : Bool} ; - - prepPrep : Str -> Case -> Preposition = \ennen,gen -> - {s = ennen ; c = gen ; isPrep = True} ; - - prepPostp : Str -> Case -> Preposition = \takana,gen -> - {s = takana ; c = gen ; isPrep = False} ; - - prepPostpGen : Str -> Preposition = \takana -> - prepPostp takana Gen ; - - prepCase : Case -> Preposition = \iness -> - {s = [] ; c = iness ; isPrep = False} ; - - prepPhrase : Preposition -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \takana, talo -> - let talon = talo.s ! NPCase takana.c - in ss (if_then_Str takana.isPrep (takana.s ++ talon) (talon ++ takana.s)) ; - --- This is a source of the "mann with a telescope" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "autot aina" (while "autot tänään" is OK). --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \auto,nyt -> - {s = \\b,n,c => auto.s ! b ! n ! c ++ nyt.s ; - g = auto.g - } ; - ---2 Sentences --- --- Sentences are not inflected in this fragment of Finnish without tense. - - Sentence : Type = SS ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. It takes care of --- agreement between subject and verb. Recall that the VP may already --- contain negation. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = \jussi,uida -> - let { - p = np2Person jussi.p ; - c = complementCase True uida.c Inf --- True,Inf don't matter here - } - in - ss (jussi.s ! c ++ uida.s ! Ind jussi.n p ++ uida.s2 ! Ind jussi.n p) ; - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. - - SentenceVerb : Type = Verb ; - --- To generate "sanoo että Jussi ui" / "ei sano että Jussi ui" - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = - \sanoa,jussiui -> - let { - sanon = predVerb sanoa - } - in { - s = sanon.s ; - s2 = \\b,v => sanon.s2 ! b ! v ++ conjEtta ++ jussiui.s ; - c = CCase Nom - } ; - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Verb-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- In Finnish, they can be ordinary verbs ("haluta", "yrittää"), but --- also verbs with a special subject case ("täytyy", "on pakko"). - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ** {c : ComplCase} ; - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \haluta, uida -> - let - hc = haluta.c ; - haluan = case hc of { - CCase Nom => predVerb haluta ; - _ => predVerb {s = table { - Imper Sg => haluta.s ! Imper Sg ; - ImpNegPl => haluta.s ! ImpNegPl ; - _ => haluta.s ! Ind Sg P3 - } - } - } - in { - s = haluan.s ; - s2 = \\b,v => haluan.s2 ! b ! v ++ uida.s ! True ! Inf ++ - uida.s2 ! True ! Inf ; - c = hc - } ; - -nomVerbVerb : Verb -> VerbVerb = \v -> v ** {c = CCase Nom} ; - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has a similar relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. --- --- Interestingly, the distinction between prepositions and postpositions --- neutralizes: even prepositions are attached after relative and interrogative --- pronouns: "jota ennen" cf. "ennen talvea". Otherwise, the category and --- the rules are very similar to transitive verbs. Notice that the case gets --- fixed by the Boolean parameter and the subject. - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase = Sentence ** {s2 : Str ; c : Case} ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b,jussi,ostaa -> - predVerbPhrase jussi (predVerbGroup b (predVerb ostaa)) ** { - s2 = ostaa.s3 ++ ostaa.s4 ; - c = npForm2Case jussi.n - (complementCase b ostaa.c (Ind jussi.n (np2Person jussi.p))) - } ; - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- --- As described in $types.Fin.gf$, relative pronouns are inflected like --- common nouns, in number and case. --- --- We get the simple relative pronoun "joka" from $morpho.Fin.gf$. - - identRelPron : RelPron = relPron ; - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \vaimo, joka -> - {s = \\n,c => joka.s ! n ! npForm2Case n vaimo.c ++ vaimo.s ! False ! n ! c} ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("joka ui") and --- slash expressions ("jonka sinä näet", "jonka kautta sinä käyt"). - - RelClause : Type = {s : Number => Str} ; - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \joka,ui -> - {s = \\n => joka.s ! n ! npForm2Case n (complementCase True ui.c Inf) ++ - ui.s ! Ind n P3 ++ ui.s2 ! Ind n P3} ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \joka,saat -> - {s = \\n => joka.s ! n ! saat.c ++ saat.s2 ++ saat.s} ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "luku x siten että x on parillinen". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\_ => advSiten ++ conjEtta ++ A.s} ; - --- N.B. the construction "sellainen että" is not possible with the present --- typing of the relative clause, since it should also be inflected in --- case. Ordinary relative clauses have a fixed case. --- --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. We use no comma before these relative clauses, even though --- conservative standard Finnish does. - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = \mies,jokaui -> - {s = \\b,n,c => mies.s ! b ! n ! c ++ jokaui.s ! n ; - g = mies.g - } ; - --- N.B: the possessive suffix, if attached here, comes to wrong place! Solution: --- make $CommNounPhrase$ discontinuos. - - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are like common nouns (and adjectives), --- interrogative pronouns are like noun phrases, having a fixed number. --- They also need to handle an NP-like accusative case. But person is --- not needed, since it is uniformly $NP3$. - - IntPron : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number} ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. - - funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = \vaimo,kuka -> - {s = \\c => kuka.s ! vaimo.c ++ - vaimo.s ! False ! kuka.n ! npForm2Case kuka.n c ; - n = kuka.n - } ; - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "mikä talo" / "kuka mies", "kuka", "mikä". The construction with a noun --- is the reason why nouns in Finnish need a gender. - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron = \n, talo -> - {s = \\c => let {nc = npForm2Case n c} in - mikakukaInt ! talo.g ! n ! nc ++ talo.s ! False ! n ! nc ; - n = n - } ; - - intPronWho : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = \\c => mikakukaInt ! Human ! num ! (npForm2Case num c) ; - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = \\c => mikakukaInt ! NonHuman ! num ! (npForm2Case num c) ; - n = num - } ; - - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean complete phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ++ stopPunct) ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ++ questPunct) ; - - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct or indirect, but the forms in Finnish are --- always identical. So we don't need a $QuestForm$ parameter as in other languages. - -oper - Question = SS ; - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are formed by inversed predication, with the clitic "ko" / "kö" --- particle attached to the verb part of the verb phrase. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \jussi,ui -> - let {np = Ind jussi.n (np2Person jussi.p)} in - ss (ui.s ! np ++ koPart ++ jussi.s ! complementCase True ui.c Inf ++ ui.s2 ! np); - - onkoNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Question = \kaljaa -> - ss ("onko" ++ kaljaa.s ! NPCase Nom) ; - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences --- ("kuka ui?") others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences ("kenet sinä tapaat?"). - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \kuka,ui -> - predVerbPhrase (kuka ** {p = NP3}) ui ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \kuka,tapaat -> - ss (kuka.s ! NPCase tapaat.c ++ tapaat.s2 ++ tapaat.s) ; - - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "koska", "missä", "kuinka", "miksi", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding cases and postpositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases; notice that even prepositions are used as postpositions --- when attached to interrogative pronouns. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - - prepIntAdverb : Str -> Case -> IntPron -> IntAdverb = \ennen,c,kuka -> - ss (kuka.s ! NPCase c ++ ennen) ; - --- A question adverbial can be applied to anything, and whether this makes --- sense is a semantic question. The syntax is very simple: just prefix the --- adverbial to the predication. - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \miksi, jussi, ui -> - cc2 miksi (predVerbPhrase jussi ui) ; - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. - - Imperative = SS1 Number ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \ui -> - {s = \\n => ui.s ! Imper n ++ ui.s2 ! Imper n} ; - - imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I -> - ss (I.s ! n ++ exclPunct) ; - ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "muuten", "siksi", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase. - - advSentence : Adverb -> Sentence -> Utterance = \siksi,sataa -> - ss (siksi.s ++ sataa.s ++ ".") ; - - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("ja", "tai") or distributed ("sekä - että", "joko - tai"). --- --- The conjunction has an inherent number, which is used when conjoining --- noun phrases: "Jussi ja Mari ovat..." vs. "Jussi tai Mari on..."; in the --- case of "tai", the result is however plural if any of the disjuncts is. - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. - - ListSentence : Type = SD2 ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = CO.twoSS ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consSS CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "du rauchst, er trinkt und ich esse". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctX c xs) ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part (e.g. "either") in front of the first element, the second --- part ("or") between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctDistrX c xs) ; - - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. Parameters are passed to components. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : AdjPos => AForm => Str} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable2 AdjPos AForm x y ; - - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable2 AdjPos AForm CO.comma xs x ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable2 AdjPos AForm c xs ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable2 AdjPos AForm c xs ; - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : NPPerson} ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable NPForm x y ** {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; p = conjPerson x.p y.p} ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable NPForm CO.comma xs x ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; p = conjPerson xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p} ; - --- We have to define a calculus of numbers of persons. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - --- For persons, we let the latter argument win ("either you or I am absent" --- but "either I or you are absent"). This is not quite clear. - - conjPerson : NPPerson -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \_,p -> - p ; - - - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("kun", "jos", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentences, an imperatives, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. --- --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. --- "jos poltat minä suutun" --- and "minä suutun jos poltat". - - Subjunction = SS ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = - \if, A, B -> - ss (subjunctVariants if A.s B.s) ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\n => subjunctVariants if A.s (B.s ! n)} ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = - \if, A, B -> - {s = subjunctVariants if A.s B.s} ; - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Str -> Str -> Str = \if,A,B -> - variants {if.s ++ A ++ commaPunct ++ B ; B ++ commaPunct ++ if.s ++ A} ; - - subjunctVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \V, if, A -> - adVerbPhrase V (ss (if.s ++ A.s)) ; - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \john -> - postfixSS stopPunct (defaultNounPhrase john) ; - - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,car -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n car) ; - --- Here are some default forms. - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \john -> - ss (john.s ! NPCase Nom) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \whoareyou -> - whoareyou ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> - x ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TestResourceFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TestResourceFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d50d623a4..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TestResourceFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,60 +0,0 @@ --- use this path to read the grammar from the same directory ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceFin of TestResource = - StructuralFin ** open Prelude, SyntaxFin in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=unglue ; unlexer=glue ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - Big = regAdjDegr (sTalo "iso") "isompaa" "isointa" ; - Small = regAdjDegr (sSusi "pieni" "pienen" "pienenä") "pienempää" "pienintä" ; - Old = regAdjDegr (sKukko "vanha" "vanhan" "vanhoja") "vanhempaa" "vanhinta" ; - Young = regAdjDegr (sSusi "nuori" "nuoren" "nuorena") "nuorempaa" "nuorinta" ; - American = noun2adj (sNainen "amerikkalaista") ; - Finnish = noun2adj (sNainen "suomalaista") ; - Happy = regAdjDegr (sNainen "onnellista") "onnellisempaa" "onnellisinta" ; - - Married = noun2adj (sKukko "vihitty" "vihityn" "vihittyjä") ** {c = NPCase Illat} ; - --- naimisissa ! - - Man = cnHum (mkNoun "mies" "miehen" "miehenä" "miestä" "mieheen" "miehinä" - "miehissä" "miesten" "miehiä" "miehiin") ; - Woman = cnHum (sNainen "naista") ; - Bottle = cnNoHum (sTalo "pullo") ; - Car = cnNoHum (sTalo "auto") ; - House = cnNoHum (sTalo "talo") ; - Bar = cnNoHum (sBaari "baaria") ; - Wine = cnNoHum (sBaari "viiniä") ; - Light = cnNoHum (sTalo "valo") ; - - Walk = vJuosta "kävellä" "kävelen" ; - Run = vJuosta "juosta" "juoksen" ; - Say = vSanoa "sanoa" ; - Prove = vPoistaa "todistaa" ; - Send = mkTransVerbDir (vOttaa "lähettää" "lähetän") ; - Drink = mkTransVerbDir (vJuoda "juoda") ; - Love = mkTransVerbCase (vPoistaa "rakastaa") Part ; - Wait = mkTransVerbCase (vOttaa "odottaa" "odotan") Part ; - Give = mkTransVerbDir (vOttaa "antaa" "annan") ** - {s5 = [] ; s6 = [] ; c2 = CCase Allat} ; - Prefer = mkTransVerbDir (vOttaa "asettaa" "asetan") ** - {s5 = [] ; s6 = "edelle" ; c2 = CCase Gen} ; --- pitää paremp(a/i)na - - Mother = funGen (n2n (cnHum (sKukko "äiti" "äidin" "äitejä"))) ; - Uncle = funGen (n2n (cnHum (sKukko "setä" "sedän" "setiä"))) ; --- eno! - Connection = n2n (cnNoHum (sRakkaus "yhteys")) ** - {c = NPCase Elat ; c2 = NPCase Illat} ; --- Tampereelle ! - - Always = ss "aina" ; - Well = ss "hyvin" ; - - SwitchOn = mkTransVerbDir (vOttaa "sytyttää" "sytytän") ; - SwitchOff = mkTransVerbDir (vOttaa "sammuttaa" "sammutan") ; - - John = mkProperName (sKukko "Jussi" "Jussin" "Jusseja") ; - Mary = mkProperName (sKukko "Mari" "Marin" "Mareja") ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TypesFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TypesFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index f24f1505c..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/finnish/TypesFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,130 +0,0 @@ ---1 Finnish Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for Finnish morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Finnish. It is aimed --- to be complete w.r.t. the description of word forms. --- However, it only includes those parameters that are needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. --- --- We use the language-independent prelude. - -resource TypesFin = open Prelude in { - --- ---2 Enumerated parameter types --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. The accusative cases are only --- defined in syntax; in morphology, there is a special accusative for --- pronouns. - -param - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Case = Nom | Gen | Part | Transl | Ess - | Iness | Elat | Illat | Adess | Ablat | Allat - | Abess ; ---- | Comit | Instruct ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ; - Gender = NonHuman | Human ; - --- For data abstraction, we define - -oper - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are often hierarchical. The alternative would be cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this would usually overgenerate. --- - ---3 Common nouns --- --- Common nouns are inflected in number and noun case. In noun case, we include --- forms used in connection with possessive suffixes. - -param - NForm = NCase Number Case - | NPossNom | NPossGenPl | NPossTransl Number | NPossIllat Number ; - -oper - CommonNoun : Type = {s : NForm => Str} ; - - useNForm : NForm -> (Number => Case => Str) -> Str = \nf,f -> case nf of { - NCase n c => f ! n ! c ; - NPossNom => f ! Sg ! Nom ; ---- "iso autoni"; also "isot autoni" etc - NPossGenPl => f ! Pl ! Gen ; - NPossTransl n => f ! n ! Transl ; - NPossIllat n => f ! n ! Illat - } ; - - --- ---3 Adjectives --- --- The major division is between the comparison degrees, but it --- is also good to leave room for adjectives that cannon be compared. --- Such adjectives are like common nouns, except for the adverbial form. - -param - AForm = AN NForm | AAdv ; - -oper - Adjective : Type = {s : AForm => Str} ; - AdjDegr : Type = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - ---3 Verbs --- --- We limit the grammar so far to verbs in the infinitive, second-person --- imperative, and present tense indicative active and passive. --- A special form is needed for --- the negated plural imperative. - -param - VForm = - Inf - | Ind Number Person - | Imper Number - | ImpNegPl - | Pass Bool - ; - -oper - Verb : Type = SS1 VForm ; - - vFormNeg = Imper Sg ; - - vform2number : VForm -> Number = \v -> case v of { - Ind n _ => n ; - Imper n => n ; - ImpNegPl => Pl ; - _ => Sg --- - } ; - --- ---3 Pronouns --- --- For pronouns, we need the noun case forms, plus an accusative. - -param - PForm = PCase Case | PAcc ; - -oper - Pronoun : Type = {s : PForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - ---3 Proper names --- --- Proper names only need case forms. - - ProperName : Type = SS1 Case ; - - ---3 Relative pronouns --- --- Relative pronouns are inflected like nouns, except for possessive suffixes. - - RelPron : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str} ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/CombinationsFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/CombinationsFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 920fc4133..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/CombinationsFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete CombinationsFre of Combinations = - CombinationsRomance with (SyntaxRomance=SyntaxFre) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/MorphoFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/MorphoFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9306d82ba..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/MorphoFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1237 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../../prelude - ---1 A Simple French Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002--2003 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns. --- The patterns for verbs contain the complete "Bescherelle" conjugation --- tables. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $types.Fra.gf$. - -resource MorphoFre = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, TypesFre in { - - ---3 Front vowels --- --- In verb conjugation, we will need the concept of frontal vowel. - -oper - voyelleFront : Strs = strs {"e" ; "i" ; "y" ; "é" ; "è"} ; - preVoyelleFront : (_,_ : Str) -> Str = \t,u -> pre {t ; u / voyelleFront} ; - - ---2 Nouns --- --- The following macro is useful for creating the forms of number-dependent --- tables, such as common nouns. - - numForms : Str -> Str -> Number => Str = \bon,bons -> - table {Sg => bon ; Pl => bons} ; - --- For example, the regular noun forms are defined as follows: - - nomReg : Str -> Number => Str = \bu -> numForms bu (bu + "s") ; - --- Common nouns are inflected in number and have an inherent gender. - - mkCNom : (Number => Str) -> Gender -> CNom = \mecmecs,gen -> - {s = mecmecs ; g = gen} ; - - mkCNomIrreg : Str -> Str -> Gender -> CNom = \mec,mecs -> - mkCNom (numForms mec mecs) ; - - mkCNomReg : Str -> Gender -> CNom = \mec -> - mkCNom (nomReg mec) ; - - mkCNomNiveau : Str -> Gender -> CNom = \niveau -> - mkCNomIrreg niveau (niveau + "x") ; - - mkCNomCheval : Str -> Gender -> CNom = \cheval -> - let {cheva = Predef.tk 1 cheval} in - mkCNomIrreg cheval (cheva + "ux") ; - - mkCNomInvar : Str -> Gender -> CNom = \cas -> - mkCNomIrreg cas cas ; - - - --- The definite article has quite some variation: three parameters and --- elision. This is the simples definition we have been able to find. - - artDef : Gender -> Number -> Case -> Str = \g,n,c -> artDefTable ! g ! n ! c ; - - artDefTable : Gender => Number => Case => Str = \\g,n,c => case of { - => elisLe ; - => pre {"du" ; ["de l'"] / voyelle} ; - => pre {"au" ; ["à l'"] / voyelle} ; - => elisLe ; - => prepCase c ++ elisLa ; - <_, Pl, Gen> => "des" ; - <_, Pl, Dat> => "aux" ; - <_, Pl, _ > => "les" - } ; - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives are conveniently seen as gender-dependent nouns. --- Here are some patterns. First one that describes the worst case. - - mkAdj : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj = \vieux,vieuxs,vieille,vieillement -> - {s = table { - AF Masc n => numForms vieux vieuxs ! n ; - AF Fem n => nomReg vieille ! n ; - AA => vieillement - } - } ; - --- Then the regular and invariant patterns. - - adjReg : Str -> Gender => Number => Str = \bu -> table { - Masc => nomReg bu ; - Fem => nomReg (bu + "e") - } ; - - adjInvar : Str -> Gender => Number => Str = \bien -> - \\_,_ => bien ; - --- Adjectives themselves are records. Here the most common cases: - - adjGrand : Str -> Adj = \grand -> - mkAdj grand (grand + "s") (grand + "e") (grand + "ement") ; - --- Masculine form used for adverbial; also covers "carré". - - adjJoli : Str -> Adj = \joli -> - mkAdj joli (joli + "s") (joli + "e") (joli + "ment") ; - - adjHeureux : Str -> Adj = \heureux -> - let {heureu = Predef.tk 1 heureux} in - mkAdj heureux heureu (heureu+"se") (heureu+"sement") ; - - adjJeune : Str -> Adj = \jeune -> - mkAdj jeune (jeune+"s") jeune (jeune+"ment") ; - - adjIndien : Str -> Adj = \indien -> - mkAdj indien (indien+"s") (indien+"ne") (indien+"nement") ; - - adjFrancais : Str -> Adj = \francais -> - mkAdj francais francais (francais+"e") (francais+"ement") ; - - adjCher : Str -> Adj = \cher -> - let {ch = Predef.tk 2 cher} in - mkAdj cher (cher + "s") (ch + "ère") (ch + "èrement") ; - - - ---2 Personal pronouns --- --- All the eight personal pronouns can be built by the following macro. --- The use of "en" as atonic genitive is debatable. - - mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> - PronGen -> Number -> Person -> ClitType -> Pronoun = - \il,le,lui,Lui,son,sa,ses,g,n,p,c -> - {s = table { - Ton x => prepCase x ++ Lui ; - Aton Nom => il ; - Aton Acc => le ; - Aton Gen => "en" ; --- hmm - Aton Dat => lui ; - Poss Sg Masc => son ; - Poss Sg Fem => sa ; - Poss Pl _ => ses - } ; - g = g ; - n = n ; - p = p ; - c = c - } ; - - elisPoss : Str -> Str = \s -> - pre {s + "a" ; s + "on" / voyelle} ; - - pronJe = mkPronoun - (elision "j") - (elision "m") - (elision "m") - "moi" - "mon" (elisPoss "m") "mes" - PNoGen -- gender cannot be known from pronoun alone - Sg - P1 - Clit1 ; - - pronTu = mkPronoun - "tu" - (elision "t") - (elision "t") - "toi" - "ton" (elisPoss "t") "tes" - PNoGen - Sg - P2 - Clit1 ; - - pronIl = mkPronoun - "il" - (elision "l") - "lui" - "lui" - "son" (elisPoss "s") "ses" - (PGen Masc) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronElle = mkPronoun - "elle" - elisLa - "lui" - "elle" - "son" (elisPoss "s") "ses" - (PGen Fem) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronNous = mkPronoun - "nous" - "nous" - "nous" - "nous" - "notre" "notre" "nos" - PNoGen - Pl - P1 - Clit3 ; - - pronVous = mkPronoun - "vous" - "vous" - "vous" - "vous" - "votre" "votre" "vos" - PNoGen - Pl --- depends! - P2 - Clit3 ; - - pronIls = mkPronoun - "ils" - "les" - "leur" - "eux" - "leur" "leur" "leurs" - (PGen Masc) - Pl - P3 - Clit1 ; - - pronElles = mkPronoun - "elles" - "les" - "leur" - "elles" - "leur" "leur" "leurs" - (PGen Fem) - Pl - P3 - Clit1 ; - ---2 Reflexive pronouns --- --- It is simply a function depending on number and person. - - pronRefl : Number -> Person -> Str = \n,p -> case of { - => elision "m" ; - => elision "t" ; - <_, P3> => elision "s" ; - => "nous" ; - => "vous" - } ; - - - --- The composable pronoun "lequel" is inflected by varying the definite --- article and the determiner "quel" in the expected way. - - lequelPron : Gender -> Number -> Case -> Str = \g,n,c -> - artDef g n c + quelPron g n ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners, traditionally called indefinite pronouns, are inflected --- in gender and number. It is usually enough to give the two singular --- forms to form the plurals. - - pronForms : Str -> Str -> Gender -> Number -> Str = \tel,telle,g,n -> case g of { - Masc => nomReg tel ! n ; - Fem => nomReg telle ! n - } ; - - quelPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = pronForms "quel" "quelle" ; - - telPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = pronForms "tel" "telle" ; - - toutPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = \g,n -> case g of { - Masc => numForms "tout" "tous" ! n ; - Fem => nomReg "toutee" ! n - } ; - --- The following macro generates the phrases "est-ce que", "est-ce qu'", --- and "est-ce qui" (the last one used e.g. in "qu'est-ce qui"). - - estCeQue : Case -> Str = \c -> - "est-ce" ++ case c of { - Nom => "qui" ; - Acc => elisQue ; - _ => nonExist --- dont? - } ; - - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 The present tense --- --- We first define some macros for the special case of present tense. --- --- The verb "être" is often used in syntax. - - verbEtre = verbPres (conjÊtre "être") ; - --- We very often form the verb stem by dropping out the infinitive ending. - - troncVerb : Tok -> Tok = Predef.tk 2 ; - - - ---3 Affixes --- --- It is convenient to have sets of affixes as data objects. - - Affixe : Type = Person => Str ; - - lesAffixes : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Affixe = \x,y,z -> table { - P1 => x ; - P2 => y ; - P3 => z - } ; - --- Much of variation can be described in terms of affix sets: - - affixSgE : Affixe = lesAffixes "e" "es" "e" ; - - affixSgS : Affixe = lesAffixes "s" "s" "t" ; - - affixSgSsansT : Affixe = lesAffixes "s" "s" [] ; - - affixSgX : Affixe = lesAffixes "x" "x" "t" ; - - affixPlOns : Affixe = lesAffixes "ons" "ez" "ent" ; - - affixSgAi : Affixe = lesAffixes "ai" "as" "a" ; - - affixSgAis : Affixe = \\p => "ai" + affixSgS ! p ; - - affixPlIons : Affixe = table { - P3 => "aient" ; - p => "i" + affixPlOns ! p - } ; - --- Often affix sets come in pairs, for the singular and the plural. - - affixImparf : Number => Affixe = table { - Sg => affixSgAis ; - Pl => affixPlIons - } ; - - affixFutur : Number => Affixe = table { - Sg => affixSgAi ; - Pl => table { - P3 => "ont" ; - p => affixPlOns ! p - } - } ; - - affixSPres : Number => Affixe = table { - Sg => affixSgE ; - Pl => table { - P3 => "ent" ; - p => affixPlIons ! p - } - } ; - - affixPlMes : (_,_ : Str) -> Affixe = - \è, â -> lesAffixes (â + "mes") (â + "tes") (è + "rent") ; - - affixPasseAi : Number => Affixe = table { - Sg => affixSgAi ; - Pl => affixPlMes "è" "â" - } ; - - affixPasseS : (i,î : Str) -> Number => Affixe = \i,î -> table { - Sg => table {p => i + affixSgS ! p} ; - Pl => affixPlMes i î - } ; - - affixSImparfSse : (i,î : Str) -> Number => Affixe = \i,î -> table { - Sg => table { - P3 => î + "t" ; - p => i + "ss" + affixSgE ! p - } ; - Pl => table {p => i + "ss" + affixSPres ! Pl ! p} - } ; - - AffixPasse : Type = {ps : Number => Affixe ; si : Number => Affixe} ; - - affixPasse : (_,_ : Str) -> AffixPasse = \i, î -> - {ps = affixPasseS i î ; si = affixSImparfSse i î} ; - - affixPasseA : AffixPasse = {ps = affixPasseAi ; si = affixSImparfSse "a" "â"} ; - - affixPasseI : AffixPasse = affixPasse "i" "î" ; - - affixPasseU : AffixPasse = affixPasse "u" "û" ; - - affixPasseNonExist : AffixPasse = - let {aff : Number => Affixe = - table {_ => lesAffixes nonExist nonExist nonExist}} in - {ps = aff ; si = aff} ; - - affixImper : NumPersI => Str = table { - SgP2 => "e" ; - PlP1 => "ons" ; - PlP2 => "ez" - } ; - - formesPresAi : (v,all : Str) -> Number => Affixe = \v,all -> table { - Sg => \\p => v + affixSgAi ! p ; - Pl => table { - P3 => v + "ont" ; - p => all + affixPlOns ! p - } - } ; - ---3 Macros for the complete conjugation type --- --- The type $VForm$ has 55 forms, as defined in $types.Fra.gf$. --- The worst-case macro takes 11 stems and two affix sets. --- (We will actually never need all of these at the same time.) - - Verbe : Type = VForm => Str ; - - verbAffixes : - (a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k : Str) -> Affixe -> AffixPasse -> Verbe = - \tien, ten, tienn, t, tiendr, soi, soy, soie, tenu, tenus, tenir -> - \affpres, affpasse -> - table { - Inf => tenir ; - Indic Pres Sg p => tien + affpres ! p ; - Indic Pres Pl P3 => tienn + affixPlOns ! P3 ; - Indic Pres Pl p => ten + affixPlOns ! p ; - Indic Imparf n p => ten + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Indic Passe n p => t + affpasse.ps ! n ! p ; - Indic Futur n p => tiendr + affixFutur ! n ! p ; - Cond n p => tiendr + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Subjo SPres Sg p => soi + affixSPres ! Sg ! p ; - Subjo SPres Pl P3 => soi + "ent" ; - Subjo SPres Pl p => soy + affixSPres ! Pl ! p ; - Subjo SImparf n p => t + affpasse.si ! n ! p ; - Imper SgP2 => soie ; - Imper p => soy + affixImper ! p ; - Part PPres => ten + "ant" ; - Part (PPasse Masc Sg) => tenu ; - Part (PPasse Fem Sg) => tenu + "e" ; - Part (PPasse Masc Pl) => tenus ; - Part (PPasse Fem Pl) => tenu + "es" - } ; - --- Almost always seven stems are more than enough. - - verbHabituel : - (a,b,c,d,e,f,g : Str) -> Affixe -> AffixPasse -> Verbe = - \tien, ten, tienn, t, tiendr, tenu, tenir -> - \affpres, affpasse -> - verbAffixes tien ten tienn t tiendr tienn ten - (tien + affpres ! P1) tenu (tenu+"s") tenir affpres affpasse ; - ---3 The first conjugation --- --- There is quite some phonologically explained variation in the first conjugation. --- The worst case has three different stems. - - auxConj1 : Str -> Str -> Str -> Verbe = \jet, jett, jeter -> - verbHabituel jett jet jett jet jeter (jet+"é") (jet+"er") affixSgE affixPasseA ; - - conj1aimer : Str -> Verbe = \aimer -> - let {aim = troncVerb aimer} in - auxConj1 aim aim aimer ; - - conj1céder : Str -> Verbe = \céder -> - let { - ced = troncVerb céder ; - d = Predef.dp 1 ced ; - c = Predef.tk 2 ced ; - cèd = c + "è" + "d" ; - céd = c + "é" + "d" - } - in auxConj1 céd cèd céder ; - - conj1jeter : Str -> Verbe = \jeter -> - let { - jet = troncVerb jeter ; - jett = jet + Predef.dp 1 jet - } - in auxConj1 jet jett (jett + "er") ; - - conj1placer : Str -> Verbe = \placer -> - let { - pla = Predef.tk 3 placer ; - plac = preVoyelleFront (pla+"ç") (pla+"c") - } in - auxConj1 plac plac placer ; - - conj1manger : Str -> Verbe = \manger -> - let { - mang = Predef.tk 2 manger ; - mange = preVoyelleFront (mang+"e") mang - } in - auxConj1 mange mange manger ; - - conj1assiéger : Str -> Verbe = \assiéger -> - let {assi = Predef.tk 4 assiéger} in - auxConj1 (preVoyelleFront (assi+"ége") (assi+"ég")) (assi+"èg") assiéger ; - - conj1payer : Str -> Verbe = \payer -> - let {pa = Predef.tk 3 payer} in - auxConj1 (pa + "y") (pa + "i") (pa + "ier") ; - - conj1envoyer : Str -> Verbe = \envoyer -> - let {renv = Predef.tk 4 envoyer} in - auxConj1 (renv + "oy") (renv + "oi") (renv + "err") ; - - ---3 The second conjugation --- --- There are just two different cases. - - conj2finir : Str -> Verbe = \finir -> - let { - fin = troncVerb finir ; - fini = fin + "i" ; - finiss = fin + "iss" - } in - verbHabituel fini finiss finiss fin finir fini finir affixSgS affixPasseI ; - - conj2haïr : Str -> Verbe = \haïr -> - let {ha = troncVerb haïr ; - hai = ha + "i" ; - haï = ha + "ï" ; - haiss = ha + "ïss" - } in - verbHabituel hai haiss haiss ha haïr haï haïr affixSgS (affixPasse "ï" "ï") ; - - ---3 The third conjugation --- --- This group is very heterogeneous. Most verbs have "re" in the infinitive, --- but the first example does not! - - conj3tenir : Str -> Verbe = \tenir -> - let {t = Predef.tk 4 tenir} in - verbHabituel - (t+"ien") (t+"en") (t+"ienn") t (t+"iendr") (t+"enu") tenir - affixSgS (affixPasse "in" "în") ; - --- Many verbs have "is" in the past participle. But there is so much variation --- that the worst-case macro needs seven forms. - - auxConj3is : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - \quier, quér, quièr, qu, querr, quis, quiss -> - verbAffixes - quier quér quièr qu querr quièr quér - (quier + "s") quis quiss (quér + "ir") affixSgS affixPasseI ; - - auxConj3ir : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \sen, sent, i -> - auxConj3is sen sent sent sent (sent+"ir") (sent+i) (sent+i+"s") ; - - conj3quérir : Str -> Verbe = \quérir -> - let {qu = Predef.tk 4 quérir} in - auxConj3is (qu+"ier") (qu+"ér") (qu+"ièr") qu (qu+"err") (qu+"is") (qu+"is") ; - - conj3sentir : Str -> Verbe = \sentir -> - let { - sent = troncVerb sentir ; - sen = Predef.tk 1 sent - } in - auxConj3ir sen sent "i" ; - - conj3vêtir : Str -> Verbe = \vêtir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 5 vêtir ; - vet = auxConj3ir "vêt" "vêt" "u" - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg P3 => s + "vêt" ; - p => s + vet ! p - }; - - auxConj3vrir : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \ouvr, i, ouvert -> - verbAffixes - ouvr ouvr ouvr ouvr (ouvr + i + "r") ouvr ouvr - (ouvr + "e") ouvert (ouvert + "s") (ouvr + "ir") affixSgE affixPasseI ; - - conj3couvrir : Str -> Verbe = \couvrir -> - let {couv = Predef.tk 3 couvrir} in - auxConj3vrir (couv+"r") "i" (couv+"ert") ; - - conj3cueillir : Str -> Verbe = \cueillir -> - let {cueill = troncVerb cueillir} in - auxConj3vrir cueill "e" (cueill + "i") ; - - conj3assaillir : Str -> Verbe = \assaillir -> - let {assaill = troncVerb assaillir} in - auxConj3vrir assaill "i" (assaill + "i") ; - --- The verb "faillir" has lots of alternatives forms. - - conj3faillir : Str -> Verbe = \faillir -> - let { - fa = Predef.tk 5 faillir ; - faudr = fa + "udr" ; - tfa = conj3assaillir faillir - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg p => fa + "u" + affixSgX ! p ; - Subjo SPres n p => fa + variants {"illiss" ; "ill"} + affixSPres ! n ! p ; - - Indic Futur n p => variants {tfa ! Indic Futur n p ; faudr + affixFutur ! n ! p} ; - Cond n p => variants {tfa ! Cond n p ; faudr + affixImparf ! n ! p} ; - - Imper _ => nonExist ; - p => tfa ! p - }; - - conj3bouillir : Str -> Verbe = \bouillir -> - let { - bou = Predef.tk 5 bouillir ; - tbou = conj3assaillir bouillir - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg p => bou + affixSgS ! p ; - Imper SgP2 => bou + "s" ; - p => tbou ! p - }; - --- Notice that here we don't need another conjugation, as Bescherelle does. - - conj3dormir : Str -> Verbe = conj3sentir ; - --- The verbs "mourir" and "courir" have much in common, except the first two --- persons in the present indicative singular, and the past participles. - - auxConj3ourir : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \meur, mour, mort -> - verbAffixes - meur mour meur mour (mour + "r") meur mour - (meur + "s") mort (mort + "s") (mour + "ir") affixSgS affixPasseU ; - - conj3courir : Str -> Verbe = \courir -> - let {cour = troncVerb courir} in - auxConj3ourir cour cour (cour + "u") ; - - conj3mourir : Str -> Verbe = \mourir -> - let {m = Predef.tk 5 mourir} in - auxConj3ourir (m + "eur") (m + "our") (m + "ort") ; - --- A little auxiliary to cover "fuir" and "ouïr". --- *N.B.* some alternative forms for "ouïr" are still missing. - - auxConj3ui : AffixPasse -> (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \affpasse, o, ou, ouï -> - let {oi : Str = o + "i" ; oy : Str = o + "y" ; ouïr : Str = ouï + "r"} in - verbHabituel oi oy oi ou ouïr ouï ouïr affixSgS affpasse ; - - conj3fuir : Str -> Verbe = \fuir -> - let {fu = troncVerb fuir} in - auxConj3ui affixPasseI fu fu (fu + "i") ; - - conj3ouïr : Str -> Verbe = \ouir -> - let {o = Predef.tk 3 ouir} in - auxConj3ui (affixPasse "ï" "ï") o (o + "u") (o + "uï") ; - --- The verb "gésir" lacks many forms. - - conj3gésir : Str -> Verbe = \gésir -> - let {g = Predef.tk 4 gésir} in - table { - Inf => g + "ésir" ; - Indic Pres Sg p => g + lesAffixes "is" "is" "ît" ! p ; - Indic Pres Pl p => g + "is" + affixPlOns ! p ; - Indic Imparf n p => g + "is" + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Part PPres => g + "isant" ; - _ => nonExist - } ; - --- Here is an auxiliary for a large, and heterogeneous, group of verbs whose --- infinitive ends in "oir". It has two special cases, depending on the ending --- of the first two persions in the present indicative singular. - - auxConj3oir : Affixe -> AffixPasse -> (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - \affpres, affpasse -> - \peu, pouv, peuv, p, pourr, veuill, voul, v -> - let {pu : Str = p + "u"} in - verbAffixes - peu pouv peuv p pourr veuill voul (peu+affpres!P1) pu (pu+"s") (v+"oir") - affpres affpasse ; - - auxConj3usX : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - auxConj3oir affixSgX affixPasseU ; - auxConj3usS : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - auxConj3oir affixSgS affixPasseU ; - - conj3cevoir : Str -> Verbe = \cevoir -> - let {re = Predef.tk 6 cevoir} in - auxConj3usS (re+"çoi") (re+"cev") (re+"çoiv") (re+"ç") - (re+"cevr") (re+"çoiv") (re+"cev") (re+"cev") ; - - conj3voir : Str -> Verbe = \voir -> - let { - v = Predef.tk 3 voir ; - voi = v + "oi" - } in - auxConj3oir - affixSgS affixPasseI voi (v + "oy") voi v (v + "err") voi (v + "oy") v ; - - conj3pourvoir : Str -> Verbe = \pourvoir -> - let { - pourv = Predef.tk 3 pourvoir ; - pourvoi = pourv + "oi" ; - pourvoy = pourv + "oy" - } in - auxConj3usS pourvoi pourvoy pourvoi pourv pourvoir pourvoi pourvoy pourv ; - - conj3savoir : Str -> Verbe = \savoir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 5 savoir ; - tsavoir = auxConj3usS "ai" "av" "av" "" "aur" "ach" "ach" "av" - } in - table { - Imper p => s + "ach" + affixImper ! p ; - Part PPres => s + "achant" ; - p => s + tsavoir ! p - } ; - - conj3devoir : Str -> Verbe = \devoir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 6 devoir ; - tdevoir = auxConj3usS "doi" "dev" "doiv" "d" "devr" "doiv" "dev" "dev" - } in - table { - Part (PPasse Masc Sg) => s + "dû" ; - p => s + tdevoir ! p - } ; - - conj3pouvoir : Str -> Verbe = \pouvoir -> - let { - p = Predef.tk 6 pouvoir ; - tpouvoir = auxConj3usX "eu" "ouv" "euv" "" "ourr" "uiss" "uiss" "ouv" - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg P1 => p + variants {"eux" ; "uis"} ; - t => p + tpouvoir ! t - } ; - - conj3mouvoir : Str -> Verbe = \mouvoir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 7 mouvoir ; - mu = adjReg "mû" ; - tmouvoir = auxConj3usS "meu" "mouv" "meuv" "m" "mouvr" "meuv" "mouv" "mouv" - } in - table { - Part (PPasse g n) => s + mu ! g ! n ; - p => s + tmouvoir ! p - } ; - - auxConj3seul3sg : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - \faut, fall, pl, faudr, faill -> table { - Inf => fall + "oir" ; - Indic Pres Sg P3 => faut ; - Indic Imparf Sg P3 => fall + "ait" ; - Indic Passe Sg P3 => pl + "ut" ; - Indic Futur Sg P3 => faudr + "a" ; - Cond Sg P3 => faudr + "ait" ; - Subjo SPres Sg P3 => faill + "e" ; - Subjo SImparf Sg P3 => pl + "ût" ; - Part PPres => fall + "ant" ; - Part (PPasse g n) => adjReg (pl + "u") ! g ! n ; - _ => nonExist - } ; - - conj3pleuvoir : Str -> Verbe = \pleuvoir -> - let { - pleuv = Predef.tk 3 pleuvoir ; - pl = Predef.tk 3 pleuv - } in - auxConj3seul3sg (pl + "eut") pleuv pl (pleuv + "r") pleuv ; - - conj3falloir : Str -> Verbe = \falloir -> - let { - fa = Predef.tk 5 falloir ; - fau = fa + "u" ; - fall = Predef.tk 3 falloir - } in - auxConj3seul3sg (fau + "t") fall fall (fau + "dr") (fa + "ill") ; - - conj3valoir : Str -> Verbe = \valoir -> - let { - va = Predef.tk 4 valoir ; - val = va + "l" - } in - auxConj3usX (va + "u") val val val (va + "udr") (va + "ill") val val ; - - conj3vouloir : Str -> Verbe = \vouloir -> - let { - v = Predef.tk 6 vouloir ; - vo = v + "o" ; - voul = vo + "ul" ; - veul = v + "eul" - } in - auxConj3usX (v + "eu") voul veul voul (vo + "udr") (v + "euill") voul voul ; - --- The following two are both "asseoir" in the Bescherelle, which however --- points out that the latter conjugation has an infinitive form without "e" --- since the orthographic rectifications of 1990. - - conj3asseoir : Str -> Verbe = \asseoir -> - let { - ass = Predef.tk 4 asseoir ; - tasseoir = auxConj3is "ied" "ey" "ey" "" "iér" "is" "is" - } in - table { - Inf => ass + "eoir" ; - Indic Pres Sg P3 => ass + "ied" ; - t => ass + tasseoir ! t - } ; - - conj3assoir : Str -> Verbe = \assoir -> - let { - ass = Predef.tk 3 assoir ; - tassoir = auxConj3is "oi" "oy" "oi" "" "oir" "is" "is" - } in - table { - Inf => ass + variants {"oir" ; "eoir"} ; - t => ass + tassoir ! t - } ; - - conj3seoir : Str -> Verbe = \seoir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 4 seoir ; - tseoir = conj3asseoir seoir - } in - table { - Indic Pres Pl P3 => s + "iéent" ; - Indic _ _ P1 => nonExist ; - Indic _ _ P2 => nonExist ; - Indic Passe _ _ => nonExist ; - Cond _ P1 => nonExist ; - Cond _ P2 => nonExist ; - Subjo SPres Sg P3 => s + "iée" ; - Subjo SPres Pl P3 => s + "iéent" ; - Subjo _ _ _ => nonExist ; - Imper _ => nonExist ; - Part PPres => s + "éant" ; - t => tseoir ! t - } ; - --- Here we don't need a new conjugation. - - conj3messeoir : Str -> Verbe = \messeoir -> - let {tmesseoir = conj3seoir messeoir} in - table { - Part (PPasse _ _) => nonExist ; - p => tmesseoir ! p - } ; - - conj3surseoir : Str -> Verbe = \surseoir -> - let { - surs = Predef.tk 4 surseoir ; - tsurseoir = auxConj3is "oi" "oy" "oi" "" "eoir" "is" "is" - } in - table { - Inf => surseoir ; - t => surs + tsurseoir ! t - } ; - --- Here we interpolate and include the imperfect and subjunctive forms, --- which Bescherelle leaves out. - - conj3choir : Str -> Verbe = \choir -> - let { - ch = Predef.tk 3 choir ; - tchoir = auxConj3usS "oi" "oy" "oi" "" (variants {"oir" ; "err"}) "oi" "oy" "" - } in - \\p => ch + tchoir ! p ; - - conj3échoir : Str -> Verbe = \échoir -> - let {techoir = conj3choir échoir} in - table { - Indic _ _ P1 => nonExist ; - Indic _ _ P2 => nonExist ; - Indic Pres Pl P3 => Predef.tk 3 échoir + variants {"oient" ; "éent"} ; - Subjo _ _ P1 => nonExist ; - Subjo _ _ P2 => nonExist ; - Cond _ P1 => nonExist ; - Cond _ P2 => nonExist ; - Imper _ => nonExist ; - Part PPres => Predef.tk 3 échoir + "éant" ; - t => techoir ! t - } ; - --- Verbs with the infinitive ending "re" are a major group within the third --- conjugation. The worst-case macro takes 2 sets of affixes and 7 stems. - - auxConj3re : Affixe -> AffixPasse -> (_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = - \affpr, affp -> \prend, pren, prenn, pr, prendr, pris, priss -> - verbAffixes prend pren prenn pr prendr prenn pren - (prend + affpr ! P1) pris priss (prendr + "e") affpr affp ; - - auxConj3tre : (_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \bat, batt -> - auxConj3re affixSgSsansT affixPasseI - bat batt batt batt (batt + "r") (batt + "u") (batt + "us") ; - - conj3rendre : Str -> Verbe = \rendre -> - let {rend = troncVerb rendre} in - auxConj3tre rend rend ; - - conj3battre : Str -> Verbe = \battre -> - let {bat = Predef.tk 3 battre} in - auxConj3tre bat (bat + "t") ; - - conj3prendre : Str -> Verbe = \prendre -> - let {pr = Predef.tk 5 prendre} in - auxConj3re - affixSgSsansT affixPasseI (pr + "end") (pr + "en") - (pr + "enn") pr (pr + "endr") (pr + "is") (pr + "is") ; - - conj3mettre : Str -> Verbe = \mettre -> - let {m = Predef.tk 5 mettre ; met = m + "et"} in - auxConj3re - affixSgSsansT affixPasseI met (met + "t") - (met + "t") m (met + "tr") (m + "is") (m + "is") ; - - conj3peindre : Str -> Verbe = \peindre -> - let {pe = Predef.tk 5 peindre ; peign = pe + "ign"} in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI - (pe + "in") peign peign peign (pe + "indr") (pe + "int") (pe + "ints") ; - --- We don't need a separate conjugation for "joindre" and "craindre". - - conj3joindre = conj3peindre ; - - conj3craindre = conj3peindre ; - - conj3vaincre : Str -> Verbe = \vaincre -> - let { - vainc = troncVerb vaincre ; - vainqu = Predef.tk 1 vainc + "qu" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgSsansT affixPasseI - vainc vainqu vainqu vainqu (vainc + "r") (vainc + "u") (vainc + "us") ; - - conj3traire : Str -> Verbe = \traire -> - let { - tra = Predef.tk 3 traire ; - trai = tra + "i" ; - tray = tra + "y" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseNonExist - trai tray trai [] (trai + "r") (trai + "t") (trai + "ts") ; - --- The verb "faire" has a great many irregularities. Following Bescherelle, --- we have left out the plural 2nd person variant "faisez", which is a --- 'grossier barbarisme'. - - conj3faire : Str -> Verbe = \faire -> - let { - fai = troncVerb faire ; - fais = fai + "s" ; - f = Predef.tk 2 fai ; - tfaire = auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI - fai fais (f + "ass") f (f + "er") (fai + "t") (fai + "ts") - } in - table { - Inf => faire ; - Indic Pres Pl P2 => fai + "tes" ; - Indic Pres Pl P3 => f + "ont" ; - Subjo SPres Pl p => f + "ass" + affixSPres ! Pl ! p ; - Imper PlP2 => fai + "tes" ; - t => tfaire ! t - } ; - - auxConj3oire : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbe = \boi, buv, boiv, b -> - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseU boi buv boiv b (boi + "r") (b + "u") (b + "us") ; - - auxConj3ît : Verbe -> Str -> Verbe = \conj,plaît -> - table { - Indic Pres Sg P3 => plaît ; - t => conj ! t - } ; - - conj3plaire : Str -> Verbe = \plaire -> - let { - pl = Predef.tk 4 plaire ; - tplaire = auxConj3oire (pl + "ai") (pl + "ais") (pl + "ais") pl - } in - auxConj3ît tplaire (pl + "aît") ; - - conj3connaître : Str -> Verbe = \connaître -> - let { - conn = Predef.tk 5 connaître ; - connaiss = conn + "aiss" ; - tconnaitre = - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseU (conn + "ai") connaiss connaiss - conn (conn + "aîtr") (conn + "u") (conn + "us") - } in - auxConj3ît tconnaitre (conn + "aît") ; - - conj3naître : Str -> Verbe = \naître -> - let { - n = Predef.tk 5 naître ; - tnaitre = auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI - (n + "ai") (n + "aiss") (n + "aiss") (n + "aqu") - (n + "aîtr") (n + "é") (n + "és") - } in - auxConj3ît tnaitre (n + "aît") ; - --- The conjugation of "paître" is defective in a curious way, especially --- if compared with "repaître". According to Bescherelle, the invariable --- past participle is only used as a term of "fauconnerie" (one would expect it --- to be defective rather than invariable). - - conj3paître : Str -> Verbe = \paître -> - let {tpaitre = conj3connaître paître} in - table { - Indic Passe _ _ => nonExist ; - Subjo SImparf _ _ => nonExist ; - Part (PPasse _ _) => Predef.tk 5 paître + "u" ; - p => tpaitre ! p - } ; - - conj3repaître = conj3connaître ; - - conj3croître : Str -> Verbe = \croître -> - let {cr = Predef.tk 5 croître} in - auxConj3re - affixSgS (affixPasse "û" "û") (cr + "oî") (cr + "oiss") - (cr + "oiss") cr (cr + "oîtr") (cr + "û") (cr + "ûs") ; - - conj3croire : Str -> Verbe = \croire -> - let {cr = Predef.tk 4 croire} in - auxConj3oire (cr + "oi") (cr + "oy") (cr + "oi") cr ; - - conj3boire : Str -> Verbe = \boire -> - let {b = Predef.tk 4 boire} in - auxConj3oire (b + "oi") (b + "uv") (b + "oiv") b ; - --- The verb "clore" shows a systematic absence of past forms, --- including the imperfect indicative. What is more capricious, is the absence --- of the plural first and second persons in the present indicative and --- the imperative. - - conj3clore : Str -> Verbe = \clore -> - let { - clo = troncVerb clore ; - clos = clo + "s" ; - tclore = auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseNonExist clo clos clos - nonExist (clo + "r") clos clos - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg P3 => Predef.tk 1 clo + "ôt" ; - Indic Pres Pl P1 => nonExist ; - Indic Pres Pl P2 => nonExist ; - Indic Imparf _ _ => nonExist ; - Imper PlP1 => nonExist ; - Imper PlP2 => nonExist ; - t => tclore ! t - } ; - - conj3conclure : Str -> Verbe = \conclure -> - let { - conclu = troncVerb conclure ; - concl = Predef.tk 1 conclu - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseU - conclu conclu conclu concl (conclu + "r") conclu (conclu + "s") ; - - conj3absoudre : Str -> Verbe = \absoudre -> - let { - abso = Predef.tk 4 absoudre ; - tabsoudre = conj3résoudre absoudre - } in - table { - Indic Passe _ _ => nonExist ; - Subjo SImparf _ _ => nonExist ; - Part (PPasse Masc _) => abso + "us" ; - Part (PPasse Fem n) => nomReg (abso + "ute") ! n ; - p => tabsoudre ! p - } ; - - conj3résoudre : Str -> Verbe = \résoudre -> - let {reso = Predef.tk 4 résoudre} in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseU (reso + "u") (reso + "lv") (reso + "lv") - (reso + "l") (reso + "udr") (reso + "lu") (reso + "lus") ; - - conj3coudre : Str -> Verbe = \coudre -> - let { - cou = Predef.tk 3 coudre ; - cous = cou + "s" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgSsansT affixPasseI - (cou +"d") cous cous cous (cou + "dr") (cous + "u") (cous + "us") ; - - conj3moudre : Str -> Verbe = \moudre -> - let { - mou = Predef.tk 3 moudre ; - moul = mou + "l" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgSsansT affixPasseU - (mou + "d") moul moul moul (mou + "dr") (moul + "u") (moul + "us") ; - - conj3suivre : Str -> Verbe = \suivre -> - let { - suiv = troncVerb suivre ; - sui = Predef.tk 1 suiv ; - suivi = suiv + "i" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI sui suiv suiv suiv (suiv + "r") suivi (suivi+"s") ; - - conj3vivre : Str -> Verbe = \vivre -> - let { - viv = troncVerb vivre ; - vi = Predef.tk 1 viv ; - véc = Predef.tk 1 vi + "éc" - } in - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseU vi viv viv véc (viv + "r") (véc + "u") (véc + "us") ; - - conj3lire : Str -> Verbe = \lire -> - let { - li = troncVerb lire ; - lis = li + "s" ; - l = Predef.tk 1 li - } in - auxConj3re affixSgS affixPasseU li lis lis l (li + "r") (l + "u") (l + "us") ; - - conj3dire : Str -> Verbe = \dire -> - let { - di = troncVerb dire ; - dis = di + "s" ; - dit = di + "t" ; - d = Predef.tk 1 di ; - tdire = auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI di dis dis d (di + "r") dit (dit+"s") - } in - table { - Indic Pres Pl P2 => di + "tes" ; - Imper PlP2 => di + "tes" ; - t => tdire ! t - } ; - - conj3rire : Str -> Verbe = \rire -> - let { - ri = troncVerb rire ; - r = Predef.tk 1 ri - } in - auxConj3re affixSgS affixPasseI ri ri ri r (ri + "r") ri (ri+"s") ; - - auxConj3scrire : (_,_,_,_: Str) -> Verbe = \ecri, ecriv, ecrivi, ecrit -> - auxConj3re - affixSgS affixPasseI ecri ecriv ecriv ecrivi (ecri + "r") ecrit (ecrit+"s") ; - - conj3écrire : Str -> Verbe = \écrire -> - let {écri = troncVerb écrire} in - auxConj3scrire écri (écri + "v") (écri + "v") (écri + "t") ; - - conj3confire : Str -> Verbe = \confire -> - let {confi = troncVerb confire} in - auxConj3scrire confi (confi + "s") (Predef.tk 1 confi) (confi + "t") ; - - conj3cuire : Str -> Verbe = \cuire -> - let {cui = troncVerb cuire} in - auxConj3scrire cui (cui + "s") (cui + "s") (cui + "t") ; - - ---3 Very irregular verbs --- --- Here we cannot do even with the 'worst case macro'. - - conj3aller : Str -> Verbe = \aller -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 5 aller ; - pres = formesPresAi "v" "all" ; - taller = verbHabituel - "all" "all" "aill" "all" "ir" "allé" "aller" - affixSgS affixPasseA - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg P1 => s + "vais" ; - Indic Pres n p => s + pres ! n ! p ; - Indic Imparf n p => s + "all" + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Imper SgP2 => s + "va" ; - t => s + taller ! t - } ; - - conjÊtre : Str -> Verbe = \etre -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 4 etre ; - sg = lesAffixes "suis" "es" "est" ; - pl = lesAffixes "sommes" "êtes" "sont" ; - tetre = verbHabituel - "soi" "soy" "soi" "f" "ser" "été" "être" affixSgS affixPasseU - } in - table { - Indic Pres Sg p => s + sg ! p ; - Indic Pres Pl p => s + pl ! p ; - Indic Imparf n p => s + "ét" + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Subjo SPres Sg p => s + "soi" + affixSgS ! p ; - Subjo SPres Pl P3 => s + "soient" ; - Subjo SPres Pl p => s + "soy" + affixPlOns ! p ; - Part PPres => s + "étant" ; - t => s + tetre ! t - } ; - - conjAvoir : Str -> Verbe = \avoir -> - let { - s = Predef.tk 5 avoir ; - pres = formesPresAi [] "av" ; - tavoir = verbHabituel - "ai" "ay" "ai" "e" "aur" "eu" "avoir" affixSgS affixPasseU - } in - table { - Indic Pres n p => s + pres ! n ! p ; - Indic Imparf n p => s + "av" + affixImparf ! n ! p ; - Subjo SPres Sg P3 => s + "ait" ; - Subjo SPres Pl P3 => s + "aient" ; - Subjo SPres Pl p => s + "ay" + affixPlOns ! p ; - Imper SgP2 => s + "aie" ; - t => s + tavoir ! t - } ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ParadigmsFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/ParadigmsFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d3fdd4258..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ParadigmsFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,231 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 French Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $resource.Abs.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoFre.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string --- arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsFre = - open Prelude, (Types = TypesFre), SyntaxFre, MorphoFre, - ResourceFre in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Bool : Type ; - - Gender : Type ; - - masculine : Gender ; - feminine : Gender ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. (Except for --- some pronouns, the accusative is equal to the nominative, the --- dative is formed by the preposition "à", and the genitive by the --- preposition "de".) - - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - accusative : Case ; - dative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: two forms (singular + plural), --- and the gender. - - mkN : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ; -- oeil, yeux, masculine - --- Often it is enough with one form. Some of them have a typical gender. - - nReg : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- regular, e.g. maison, (maisons,) feminine - nEau : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- eau, (eaux,) feminine - nCas : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- cas, (cas,) masculine - nCheval : Str -> N ; -- cheval, (chevaux, masculine) - --- Nouns used as functions need a case and a preposition. The most common is "de". - - funPrep : N -> Preposition -> Fun ; - funCase : N -> Case -> Fun ; - funDe : N -> Fun ; - --- Functions can also be built from compunt nouns ("le numéro téléphonique de") - - funCNCase : CN -> Case -> Fun ; - --- Proper names, with their gender. - - mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ; -- Jean, masculine - --- On the top level, it is maybe $CN$ that is used rather than $N$, and --- $NP$ rather than $PN$. - - mkCN : N -> CN ; - mkNP : Str -> Gender -> NP ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives need three forms in the worst case. --- A parameter tells if they are pre- or postpositions in modification. - - Position : Type ; - prepos : Position ; - postpos : Position ; - - mkAdj1 : (bon, bonne, bons, bien : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ; - --- Usually it is enough to give the two singular forms. Fully regular adjectives --- only need the masculine singular form. - - adj1Reg : Str -> Position -> Adj1 ; - adj1Sale : Str -> Position -> Adj1 ; - adj1Anglais : Str -> Position -> Adj1 ; - adj1Italien : Str -> Position -> Adj1 ; - adj1Cher : (cher, chère : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ; - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. - - mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Preposition -> Case -> Adj2 ; -- divisible par - --- Comparison adjectives may need two adjectives, corresponding to the --- positive and other forms. - - mkAdjDeg : (bon, meilleur : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ; - --- In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by --- the particle "plus". - - aReg : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ; -- lent (, plus lent) - --- On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. - - apReg : Str -> Position -> AP ; - - ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. --- These are examples of standard conjugations are available. The full list --- of Bescherelle conjugations is given in $MorphoFra.gf$, with all forms --- (their type is $Verbum$). The present-tense forms can be extracted by the --- function $extractVerb$. - - vAimer : Str -> V ; - vFinir : Str -> V ; - vDormir : Str -> V ; - vCourir : Str -> V ; - vVenir : Str -> V ; - - extractVerb : Verbum -> V ; - --- The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. - - vEtre : V ; - vAvoir : V ; - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that --- a particle can be included in a $V$. - - mkTV : V -> Preposition -> Case -> TV ; - tvDir : V -> TV ; - --- The idiom with "avoir" and an invariable noun, such as "peur", "faim", --- and a two-place variant with "de" + complement. - - avoirChose : Str -> V ; - avoirChoseDe : Str -> TV ; - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - Bool = Prelude.Bool ; - - Gender = SyntaxFre.Gender ; - Case = SyntaxFre.Case ; - Number = SyntaxFre.Number ; - - masculine = Types.Masc ; - feminine = Types.Fem ; - - nominative = Types.nominative ; - accusative = Types.accusative ; - genitive = Types.genitive ; - dative = Types.dative ; - - singular = Types.singular ; - plural = Types.plural ; - - mkN a b c = mkCNomIrreg a b c ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - nEau = \eau -> mkN eau (eau + "z") ; - nCas = \cas -> mkN cas cas ; - nReg = \cas -> mkN cas (cas + "s") ; - nCheval = \cheval -> mkN cheval (Predef.tk 1 cheval + "ux") masculine ; - - funPrep = \n,p -> n ** complement p ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funCase = \n,p -> n ** complementCas p ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funCNCase = \n,p -> n ** complementCas p ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funDe x = funCase x genitive ; - mkPN s g = mkProperName s g ** {lock_PN = <>} ; - mkCN = UseN ; - mkNP s g = UsePN (mkPN s g) ; - - Position = Prelude.Bool ; - prepos = adjPre ; - postpos = adjPost ; - mkAdj1 = \x,y,z,u,p -> mkAdjective (mkAdj x z y u) p ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adj1Reg = \lent -> mkAdj1 lent (lent+"e") (lent+"s") (lent+"ement") ; - adj1Sale = \sale -> mkAdj1 sale sale (sale+"s") (sale+"ment") ; - adj1Anglais = \anglais -> mkAdj1 anglais (anglais+"e") anglais (anglais+"ement") ; - adj1Italien = \italien -> mkAdj1 italien (italien+"ne") (italien+"s") (italien+"nement") ; - adj1Cher = \cher,chere -> mkAdj1 cher chere (cher+"s") (chere + "ment") ; - - mkAdj2 = \a,p,c -> mkAdjCompl a postpos {s2 = p ; c = c} ** {lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - mkAdjDeg = \b,m -> mkAdjDegr (mkAdjComp b.s m.s) b.p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aReg = \a,p -> mkAdjDegrLong (adj1Reg a p) p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - apReg a p = adj1Reg a p ** {lock_AP = <>} ; - - vAimer = \s -> verbPres (conj1aimer s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vFinir = \s -> verbPres (conj2finir s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vDormir = \s -> verbPres (conj3dormir s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vCourir = \s -> verbPres (conj3courir s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vVenir = \s -> verbPres (conj3tenir s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - extractVerb v = verbPres v ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vEtre = verbEtre ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vAvoir = verbPres (conjAvoir "avoir") ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - mkTV v p c = mkTransVerb v p c ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - tvDir v = mkTransVerbDir v ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - - avoirChose = \faim -> - {s = let {avoir = vAvoir.s} in \\v => avoir ! v ++ faim} ** {lock_V = <>} ; - avoirChoseDe = \faim -> mkTV (avoirChose faim) [] genitive ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/PredicationFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/PredicationFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index af01a157f..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/PredicationFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../romance:../../prelude - -resource PredicationFre = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceFre), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtFre) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceExtFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceExtFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5c0960cbc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceExtFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../romance:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtFre = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceFre) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 21a3b0bf8..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/ResourceFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceFre of Resource = reuse StructuralFre ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/StructuralFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/StructuralFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 91c78038d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/StructuralFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,111 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete StructuralFre of Structural = CombinationsFre ** - open SyntaxFre, MorphoFre, Prelude in { - -lin - INP = pronNounPhrase pronJe ; - ThouNP = pronNounPhrase pronTu ; - HeNP = pronNounPhrase pronIl ; - SheNP = pronNounPhrase pronElle ; - WeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronNous n) ; - YeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronVous n) ; - YouNP = pronNounPhrase pronVous ; - TheyNP = pronNounPhrase pronIls ; - --- Here is a point where the API is really inadequate for French, --- which distinguishes between masculine and feminine "they". --- The following solution is not attractive. - ---- TheyNP = pronNounPhrase (variants {pronIls ; pronElles}) ; - - ThisNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["ceci"] Masc ; - ThatNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["ça"] Masc ; - TheseNumNP n = mkNameNounPhrase ("ceux" ++ n.s ! Masc ++ "ci") Masc ; - ThoseNumNP n = mkNameNounPhrase ("ceux" ++ n.s ! Masc ++ "là") Masc ; - - ItNP = pronNounPhrase pronIl ; - - EveryDet = chaqueDet ; - AllMassDet = toutDet ; - AllNumDet = tousDet ; - WhichDet = quelDet ; - WhichNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "quels" "quelles" ; - MostsDet = plupartDet ; - MostDet = mkDeterminer1 singular (["la plupart"] ++ elisDe) ; --- de - SomeDet = mkDeterminer1 singular "quelque" ; - SomeNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "quelques" "quelques" ; - NoDet = mkDeterminer singular "aucun" "aucune" ; --- ne - NoNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural ("aucun" ++ "des") ("aucune" ++ "des") ; --- ne - AnyDet = mkDeterminer1 singular "quelque" ; --- - AnyNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "quelques" "quelques" ; --- - ManyDet = mkDeterminer1 plural "plusieurs" ; - MuchDet = mkDeterminer1 singular ("beaucoup" ++ elisDe) ; --- de - ThisDet = mkDeterminer singular (pre {"ce" ; "cet" / voyelle}) "cette" ; --- ci - ThatDet = mkDeterminer singular (pre {"ce" ; "cet" / voyelle}) "cette" ; --- là - TheseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "ces" "ces" ; --- ci - ThoseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "ces" "ces" ; --- là - - HowIAdv = commentAdv ; - WhenIAdv = quandAdv ; - WhereIAdv = ouAdv ; - WhyIAdv = pourquoiAdv ; - - AndConj = etConj ; - OrConj = ouConj ; - BothAnd = etetConj ; - EitherOr = ououConj ; - NeitherNor = niniConj ; --- requires ne ! - IfSubj = siSubj ; - WhenSubj = quandSubj ; - - PhrYes = ouiPhr ; - PhrNo = nonPhr ; --- and also Si! - - VeryAdv = ss "très" ; - TooAdv = ss "trop" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "autrement" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "donc" ; - - EverybodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["tout le monde"] Masc ; - SomebodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["quelqu'un"] Masc ; - NobodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["personne"] Masc ; --- ne - EverythingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["tout"] Masc ; - SomethingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["quelque chose"] Masc ; - NothingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["rien"] Masc ; --- ne - - CanVV = mkVerbVerbDir (verbPres (conj3pouvoir "pouvoir")) ; - CanKnowVV = mkVerbVerbDir (verbPres (conj3savoir "savoir")) ; - MustVV = mkVerbVerbDir (verbPres (conj3devoir "devoir")) ; - WantVV = mkVerbVerbDir (verbPres (conj3vouloir "vouloir")) ; - - EverywhereNP = ss "partout" ; - SomewhereNP = ss ["quelque part"] ; --- ne - pas - NowhereNP = ss ["nulle part"] ; - - AlthoughSubj = ss ("bien" ++ elisQue) ** {m = Con} ; - - AlmostAdv = ss "presque" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "assez" ; - - InPrep = justPrep "dans" ; - OnPrep = justPrep "sur" ; - ToPrep = justCase dative ; --- - ThroughPrep = justPrep "par" ; - AbovePrep = {s = ["au dessus"] ; c = genitive} ; - UnderPrep = justPrep "sous" ; - InFrontPrep = justPrep "devant" ; - BehindPrep = justPrep "derrière" ; - BetweenPrep = justPrep "entre" ; - FromPrep = justCase genitive ; --- - BeforePrep = justPrep "avant" ; - DuringPrep = justPrep "pendant" ; - AfterPrep = justPrep "après" ; - WithPrep = justPrep "avec" ; - WithoutPrep = justPrep "sans" ; - ByMeansPrep = justPrep "par" ; - PossessPrep = justCase genitive ; - PartPrep = justCase genitive ; --- - AgentPrep = justPrep "par" ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/SyntaxFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/SyntaxFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 292f6d08b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/SyntaxFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,334 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../../prelude - -instance SyntaxFre of SyntaxRomance = TypesFre ** open Prelude, (CO=Coordination), MorphoFre in { - -oper - nameNounPhrase = \jean -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => prepCase c ++ jean.s) - jean.g - Sg ; - - nounPhraseOn = mkNameNounPhrase "on" Masc ; - - partitiveNounPhrase = \n,vin -> - normalNounPhrase - (table { - Gen => elisDe ++ vin.s ! n ; - c => prepCase c ++ artDef vin.g n Gen ++ vin.s ! n - } - ) - vin.g - n ; - - chaqueDet = mkDeterminer1 Sg "chaque" ; - - toutDet : Determiner = - {s = \\g => genForms "tout" "toute" ! g ++ artDef g Sg nominative ; - n = Pl - } ; - tousDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \nu -> - {s = \\g => genForms "tous" "toutes" ! g ++ artDef g Pl nominative ++ nu.s ! g ; - n = Pl - } ; - - plupartDet = mkDeterminer1 Pl ["la plupart des"] ; - unDet = mkDeterminer Sg "un" "une" ; - plDet = mkDeterminer1 Pl "des" ; --- - - quelDet = mkDeterminer Sg "quel" "quelle" ; - quelsDet = mkDeterminer Pl "quels" "quelles" ; - - npGenPoss = \n,ton,mec -> - \\c => prepCase c ++ ton.s ! Poss n mec.g ++ mec.s ! n ; - - npGenPossNum = \nu,ton,mec -> - \\c => prepCase c ++ ton.s ! Poss Pl mec.g ++ nu.s ! mec.g ++ mec.s ! Pl ; - - existNounPhrase = \duvin -> { - s = \\m => - case m of { - Ind => ["il y a"] ; - Con => ["il y ait"] - } ++ duvin.s ! stressed accusative --- il y en a ; have to define "y" - } ; - - mkAdjReg : Str -> Bool -> Adjective = \adj,p -> - mkAdjective (adjGrand adj) p ; - - comparConj = elisQue ; - - mkAdjDegrReg : Str -> Bool -> AdjDegr = \adj,p -> - mkAdjDegrLong (adjGrand adj) p ; - --- The commonest case for functions is common noun + "de". - - funDe : CommNounPhrase -> Function = \mere -> - mere ** complementCas genitive ; - --- Chains of "dont" - "dont" do not arise. - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \mere,lequel -> - {s = table { - RComplex g n c => variants { - case mere.c of { --- - Gen => lequel.s ! RSimple Gen ++ - artDef mere.g n c ++ mere.s ! n ; - _ => nonExist} ; - artDef mere.g n c ++ mere.s ! n ++ - mere.s2 ++ lequel.s ! RComplex g n mere.c - } ; - _ => nonExist - } ; - g = RG mere.g - } ; - - --- Verbs - - negVerb = \va -> elisNe ++ va ++ "pas" ; - - copula = \b -> (etreNetre b).s ; - - isTransVerbClit = \v -> case v.c of { - Acc => True ; - Dat => True ; - _ => False - } ; - --- The "ne - pas" negation. - - posNeg = \b,v,c -> - if_then_else Str b - (v ++ c) - (elisNe ++ v ++ "pas" ++ c) ; --- exception: infinitive! - --- Exampe: 'to be or not to be'. - - etreNetre : Bool -> VerbPres = \b -> - {s = \\w => posNeg b (verbEtre.s ! w) []} ; ---- v reveals a BUG in refresh - - embedConj = elisQue ; - --- Relative pronouns - - identRelPron = { - s = table { - RSimple c => relPronForms ! c ; - RComplex g n c => composRelPron g n c - } ; - g = RNoGen - } ; - - suchPron = telPron ; - - composRelPron = lequelPron ; - - allRelForms = \lequel,g,n,c -> - variants { - lequel.s ! RSimple c ; - lequel.s ! RComplex g n c - } ; - --- Interrogative pronouns - - nounIntPron = \n, mec -> - {s = \\c => prepCase c ++ quelPron mec.g n ++ mec.s ! n ; - g = mec.g ; - n = n - } ; - - intPronWho = \num -> { - s = \\c => prepCase c ++ "qui" ; - g = Masc ; --- can we decide this? - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat = \num -> { - s = table { - Gen => ["de quoi"] ; - Acc => ["à quoi"] ; - c => elisQue - } ; - g = Masc ; --- can we decide this? - n = num - } ; - --- Questions - - questVerbPhrase = \jean,dort -> - {s = table { - DirQ => optStr (estCeQue Acc) ++ (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind ; - IndirQ => elisSi ++ (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind - } - } ; - - existNounPhraseQuest = \duvin -> { - s = \\m => - case m of { - DirQ => optStr (estCeQue Acc) ++ ["il y a"] ; - IndirQ => elisSi ++ ["il y a"] - } - ++ duvin.s ! stressed accusative --- il y en a ; have to define "y" - } ; - - intVerbPhrase = \qui, dort -> - {s = table { - DirQ => qui.s ! Nom ++ optStr (estCeQue Nom) ++ - dort.s ! qui.g ! VFin Ind qui.n P3 ; - IndirQ => "ce" ++ qui.s ! Nom ++ dort.s ! qui.g ! VFin Ind qui.n P3 - } - } ; - - intSlash = \Qui, Tuvois -> - let {qui = Tuvois.s2 ++ Qui.s ! Tuvois.c ; tuvois = Tuvois.s ! Ind} in - {s = table { - DirQ => qui ++ optStr (estCeQue Acc) ++ tuvois ; - IndirQ => ifCe Tuvois.c ++ qui ++ tuvois - } - } ; - --- An auxiliary to distinguish between --- "je ne sais pas" ("ce qui dort" / "ce que tu veux" / "à qui tu penses"). - - ifCe : Case -> Str = \c -> case c of { - Nom => "ce" ; - Acc => "ce" ; - _ => [] - } ; - - questAdverbial = \quand, jean, dort -> - let {jeandort = (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind} in - {s = table { - DirQ => quand.s ++ optStr (estCeQue Acc) ++ jeandort ; - IndirQ => quand.s ++ jeandort - } - } ; - ------ moved from Morpho - ---2 Articles --- --- A macro for defining gender-dependent tables will be useful. --- Its first application is in the indefinite article. --- --- Notice that the plural genitive is special: "de femmes". - - genForms : Str -> Str -> Gender => Str = \bon,bonne -> - table {Masc => bon ; Fem => bonne} ; - - artIndef = \g,n,c -> case of { - => prepCase c ++ genForms "un" "une" ! g ; - => elisDe ; - _ => prepCase c ++ "des" - } ; - - artDef = \g,n,c -> artDefTable ! g ! n ! c ; - - pronJe = mkPronoun - (elision "j") - (elision "m") - (elision "m") - "moi" - "mon" (elisPoss "m") "mes" - PNoGen -- gender cannot be known from pronoun alone - Sg - P1 - Clit1 ; - - pronTu = mkPronoun - "tu" - (elision "t") - (elision "t") - "toi" - "ton" (elisPoss "t") "tes" - PNoGen - Sg - P2 - Clit1 ; - - pronIl = mkPronoun - "il" - (elision "l") - "lui" - "lui" - "son" (elisPoss "s") "ses" - (PGen Masc) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronElle = mkPronoun - "elle" - elisLa - "lui" - "elle" - "son" (elisPoss "s") "ses" - (PGen Fem) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronNous = mkPronoun - "nous" - "nous" - "nous" - "nous" - "notre" "notre" "nos" - PNoGen - Pl - P1 - Clit3 ; - - pronVous = mkPronoun - "vous" - "vous" - "vous" - "vous" - "votre" "votre" "vos" - PNoGen - Pl --- depends! - P2 - Clit3 ; - - pronIls = mkPronoun - "ils" - "les" - "leur" - "eux" - "leur" "leur" "leurs" - (PGen Masc) - Pl - P3 - Clit1 ; - - pronElles = mkPronoun - "elles" - "les" - "leur" - "elles" - "leur" "leur" "leurs" - (PGen Fem) - Pl - P3 - Clit1 ; - --- moved from ResFra - - commentAdv = ss "comment" ; - quandAdv = ss "quand" ; - ouAdv = ss "où" ; - pourquoiAdv = ss "pourquoi" ; - - etConj = ss "et" ** {n = Pl} ; - ouConj = ss "ou" ** {n = Sg} ; - etetConj = sd2 "et" "et" ** {n = Pl} ; - ououConj = sd2 "ou" "ou" ** {n = Sg} ; - niniConj = sd2 "ni" "ni" ** {n = Sg} ; --- requires ne ! - siSubj = ss elisSi ** {m = Ind} ; - quandSubj = ss "quand" ** {m = Ind} ; - - ouiPhr = ss ["Oui ."] ; - nonPhr = ss ["Non ."] ; --- and also Si! - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/TestResourceFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/TestResourceFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 19760dfbd..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/TestResourceFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,46 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceFre of TestResource = StructuralFre ** open Prelude, TypesFre, MorphoFre, SyntaxFre in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; parser=chart ; unlexer=text ; - -lin - Big = mkAdjDegrReg "grand" adjPre ; - American = mkAdjective (adjGrand "américain") adjPost ; - Finnish = mkAdjective (adjGrand "finlandais") adjPost ; - Married = mkAdjCompl (adjJoli "marié") adjPost (complementCas dative) ; - Small = mkAdjDegrReg "petit" adjPre ; - Old = mkAdjDegrLong (mkAdj "vieux" "vieux" "vieille" "vieillement") adjPre ; - Young = mkAdjDegrLong (adjJeune "jeune") adjPre ; - Happy = mkAdjDegrLong (adjHeureux "heureux") adjPre ; - Wine = mkCNomReg "vin" Masc ; - Bar = mkCNomReg "bar" Masc ; - Man = mkCNomReg "homme" Masc ; - Woman = mkCNomReg "femme" Fem ; - Car = mkCNomReg "voiture" Fem ; - Light = mkCNomReg "lumière" Fem ; - House = mkCNomReg "maison" Fem ; - Bottle = mkCNomReg "bouteille" Fem ; - Walk = verbPres (conj1aimer "marcher") ; - Run = verbPres (conj3courir "courir") ; - Send = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj1envoyer "envoyer")) ; - Love = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj1aimer "aimer")) ; - Drink = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj3boire "boire")) ; - Wait = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj3rendre "attendre")) ; - Give = mkDitransVerb (verbPres (conj1aimer "donner")) [] dative [] accusative ; - Prefer = mkDitransVerb (verbPres (conj1aimer "preférer")) [] accusative [] dative ; - Say = verbSent (verbPres (conj3dire "dire")) Ind Ind ; - Prove = verbSent (verbPres (conj1aimer "démontrer")) Ind Ind ; - SwitchOn = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj1aimer "allumer")) ; - SwitchOff = mkTransVerbDir (verbPres (conj3peindre "éteindre")) ; - Mother = funDe (mkCNomReg "mère" Fem) ; - Uncle = funDe (mkCNomReg "oncle" Masc) ; - Connection = mkCNomReg "connection" Fem ** - {s2 = [] ; c = genitive ; s3 = [] ; c3 = dative} ; - - Well = ss "bien" ; - Always = ss "toujours" ; - - John = mkProperName "Jean" Masc ; - Mary = mkProperName "Marie" Fem ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/french/TypesFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/french/TypesFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 80fe5778d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/french/TypesFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,169 +0,0 @@ ---1 French Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for Italian morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Italian. --- The morphology is so far only --- complete w.r.t. the syntax part of the resource grammar. --- It does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. - -instance TypesFre of TypesRomance = { - --- Now we can give values to the abstract types. - -param - Case = Nom | Acc | Gen | Dat ; -- corresp. to prepositions de and à - - NPForm = Ton Case | Aton Case | Poss Number Gender ; - -oper - CaseA = Case ; - NPFormA = NPForm ; - - nominative = Nom ; - accusative = Acc ; - genitive = Gen ; - dative = Dat ; - prepositional = accusative ; - - stressed = Ton ; - unstressed = Aton ; - -------------------------- move this somewhere else! ---2 Some phonology --- ---3 Elision --- --- The phonological rule of *elision* can be defined as follows in GF. --- There is one thing that is not treated properly: the "h aspiré", --- which is not separated orthographically from the "h muet". --- Our definition works correctly only for the "h muet". - -oper - voyelle : Strs = strs { - "a" ; "â" ; "à" ; "e" ; "ê" ; "é" ; "è" ; - "h" ; - "i" ; "î" ; "o" ; "ô" ; "u" ; "û" ; "y" - } ; - - elision : Str -> Str = \d -> d + pre {"e" ; "'" / voyelle} ; - --- The following morphemes are the most common uses of elision. - - elisDe = elision "d" ; - elisLa = pre {"la" ; "l'" / voyelle} ; - elisLe = elision "l" ; - elisNe = elision "n" ; - elisQue = elision "qu" ; - --- The subjunction "si" has a special kind of elision. The rule is --- only approximatively correct, for "si" is not really elided before --- the string "il" in general, but before the pronouns "il" and "ils". - - elisSi = pre {"si" ; "s'" / strs {"il"}} ; - - ---2 Prepositions --- --- The type $Cas$ in $types.Fra.gf$ has the dative and genitive --- cases, which are relevant for pronouns and the definite article, --- but which are otherwise expressed by prepositions. - - prepCase = \c -> case c of { - Nom => [] ; - Acc => [] ; - Gen => elisDe ; - Dat => "à" - } ; - ---2 Relative pronouns --- --- The simple (atonic) relative pronoun shows genuine variation in all of the --- cases. - - relPronForms = table { - Nom => "qui" ; Gen => "dont" ; Dat => ["à qui"] ; Acc => elisQue - } ; - --- Usually the comparison forms are built by prefixing the word --- "plus". The definite article needed in the superlative is provided in --- $syntax.Fra.gf$. - - adjCompLong : Adj -> AdjComp = \cher -> - mkAdjComp - cher.s - (\\a => "plus" ++ cher.s ! a) ; - --- Comparative adjectives are only sometimes formed morphologically --- (actually: by different morphemes). - - mkAdjComp : (_,_ : AForm => Str) -> AdjComp = - \bon, meilleur -> - {s = table {Pos => bon ; _ => meilleur}} ; - ------------------------------- - --- Their inflection tables has tonic and atonic forms, as well as --- the possessive forms, which are inflected like determiners. --- --- Example: "lui, de lui, à lui" - "il,le,lui" - "son,sa,ses". - --- --- Examples of each: "Jean" ; "je"/"te" ; "il"/"elle"/"ils"/"elles" ; "nous"/"vous". - --- The following coercions are useful: - -oper - pform2case = \p -> case p of { - Ton x => x ; - Aton x => x ; - Poss _ _ => Gen - } ; - - case2pform = \c -> case c of { - Nom => Aton Nom ; - Acc => Aton Acc ; - _ => Ton c - } ; - - case2pformClit = \c -> case c of { - Nom => Aton Nom ; - Acc => Aton Acc ; - Dat => Aton Dat ; - _ => Ton c - } ; - --- Relative pronouns: the case-dependent parameter type. - - param RelForm = RSimple Case | RComplex Gender Number Case ; - - oper RelFormA = RelForm ; - --- Verbs: conversion from full verbs to present-tense verbs. - - verbPres = \aller -> {s = table { - VInfin => aller ! Inf ; - VFin Ind n p => aller ! Indic Pres n p ; - VFin Sub n p => aller ! Subjo SPres n p ; - VImper np => aller ! Imper np ; - VPart g n => aller ! Part (PPasse g n) - }} ; - --- The full conjunction is a table on $VForm$: - -param - Temps = Pres | Imparf | Passe | Futur ; - TSubj = SPres | SImparf ; - TPart = PPres | PPasse Gender Number ; - VForm = Inf - | Indic Temps Number Person - | Cond Number Person - | Subjo TSubj Number Person - | Imper NumPersI - | Part TPart ; - --- This is the full verb type. - -oper - Verbum : Type = VForm => Str ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/AtomGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/AtomGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7337856c1..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/AtomGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ -instance AtomGer of Atom = ResourceExtGer ** open ResourceGer, TypesGer in { - oper SBranch = Order => Str ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/CombinationsGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/CombinationsGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index e8b466a3b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/CombinationsGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,203 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level German Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the German concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.Deu.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $TypesGer.gf$. - -concrete CombinationsGer of Combinations = open Prelude, SyntaxGer in { - -flags - startcat=Phr ; - parser=chart ; - -lincat - CN = CommNounPhrase ; - -- = {s : Adjf => Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - NP = NounPhrase ; - -- = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person ; pro : Bool} ; - PN = ProperName ; - -- = {s : Case => Str} ; - Det = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number ; a : Adjf} ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNounPhrase ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - Fun2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition ; c2 : Case} ; - Num = {s : Str} ; - Prep = {s : Str ; c : Case} ; - - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = {s : AForm => Str} ; - Adj2 = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - AdjDeg = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - AP = Adjective ** {p : Bool} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Particle} ; - VG = {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Str ; s3 : Bool => Number => Str ; s4 : Str} ; - VP = Verb ** {s3 : Number => Str ; s4 : Str} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s3 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - V3 = TransVerb ** {s4 : Preposition ; c2 : Case} ; - VS = Verb ; - VV = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - AdV = {s : Str} ; - - S = Sentence ; - -- = {s : Order => Str} ; - Slash = Sentence ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - - RP = {s : GenNum => Case => Str} ; - RC = {s : GenNum => Str} ; - - IP = ProperName ** {n : Number} ; - Qu = {s : QuestForm => Str} ; - Imp = {s : Number => Str} ; - Phr = {s : Str} ; - Text = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = {s1,s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = {s1,s2 : Order => Str} ; - ListAP = {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - ListNP = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person ; pro : Bool} ; - ---. - -lin - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet singular noNum ; - ModGenNum = npGenDet plural ; - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase singular ; - IndefNumNP = plurDetNum ; - DefOneNP = defNounPhrase singular ; - DefNumNP nu = defNounPhraseNum nu plural ; - MassNP = massNounPhrase ; - UseInt i = i ; - NoNum = noNum ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - SymbPN i = {s = \\_ => i.s} ; - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\a,n,c => cn.s ! a ! n ! c ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g} ; - - PredV = predVerb ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredPassV = passVerb ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - VTrans = transAsVerb ; - - AdjAdv a = ss (a.s ! APred) ; - PrepNP = prepPhrase ; - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - ThereNP A = predVerbPhrase (pronNounPhrase pronEs) - (predVerbGroup True (complTransVerb (transDir verbGeben) A)) ; - IsThereNP A = questVerbPhrase (pronNounPhrase pronEs) - (predVerbGroup True (complTransVerb (transDir verbGeben) A)) ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = predVerbPhrase (nameNounPhrase {s = \\_ => "man"}) ; - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronWho singular ; - WhoMany = intPronWho plural ; - WhatOne = intPronWhat singular ; - WhatMany = intPronWhat plural ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron singular ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron plural ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance singular ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance plural ; - - AdvS = advSentence ; - -lin - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase singular ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase plural ; - PhrIP ip = ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = ia ; - - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/LogicGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/LogicGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 62c2aca66..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/LogicGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource LogicGer = Logic with - (Atom = AtomGer), (Resource = ResourceGer) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/MorphoGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/MorphoGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 178525760..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/MorphoGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,574 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Simple German Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $types.Deu.gf$. - -resource MorphoGer = TypesGer ** open (Predef=Predef), Prelude in { - ---2 Nouns --- --- For conciseness and abstraction, we define a method for --- generating a case-dependent table from a list of four forms. - -oper - caselist : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Case => Str = \n,a,d,g -> table { - Nom => n ; Acc => a ; Dat => d ; Gen => g} ; - --- The *worst-case macro* for common nouns needs six forms: all plural forms --- are always the same except for the dative. - - mkNoun : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = - \mann, mannen, manne, mannes, männer, männern, g -> {s = table { - Sg => caselist mann mannen manne mannes ; - Pl => caselist männer männer männern männer - } ; g = g} ; - --- But we never need all the six forms at the same time. Often --- we need just two, three, or four forms. - - mkNoun4 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \kuh,kuhes,kühe,kühen -> - mkNoun kuh kuh kuh kuhes kühe kühen ; - - mkNoun3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \kuh,kühe,kühen -> - mkNoun kuh kuh kuh kuh kühe kühen ; - - mkNoun2n : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \zahl, zahlen -> - mkNoun3 zahl zahlen zahlen ; - - mkNoun2es : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \wort, wörter -> - mkNoun wort wort wort (wort + "es") wörter (wörter + "n") ; - - mkNoun2s : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \vater, väter -> - mkNoun vater vater vater (vater + "s") väter (väter + "n") ; - - mkNoun2ses : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> CommNoun = \wort,wörter -> - mkNoun wort wort wort (wort + variants {"es" ; "s"}) wörter (wörter + "n") ; - --- Here are the school grammar declensions with their commonest variations. --- Unfortunately we cannot define *Umlaut* in GF, but have to give two forms. --- --- First declension, with plural "en"/"n", including weak masculines: - - declN1 : Str -> CommNoun = \zahl -> - mkNoun2n zahl (zahl + "en") Fem ; - - declN1in : Str -> CommNoun = \studentin -> - mkNoun2n studentin (studentin + "nen") Fem ; - - declN1e : Str -> CommNoun = \stufe -> - mkNoun2n stufe (stufe + "n") Fem ; - - declN1M : Str -> CommNoun = \junge -> let {jungen = junge + "n"} in - mkNoun junge jungen jungen jungen jungen jungen Masc ; - - declN1eM : Str -> CommNoun = \soldat -> let {soldaten = soldat + "en"} in - mkNoun soldat soldaten soldaten soldaten soldaten soldaten Masc ; - --- Second declension, with plural "e": - - declN2 : Str -> CommNoun = \punkt -> - mkNoun2es punkt (punkt+"e") Masc ; - - declN2n : Str -> CommNoun = \bein -> - mkNoun2es bein (bein+"e") Neut ; - - declN2i : Str -> CommNoun = \onkel -> - mkNoun2s onkel onkel Masc ; - - declN2in : Str -> CommNoun = \segel -> - mkNoun2s segel segel Neut ; - - declN2u : (_,_ : Str) -> CommNoun = \raum,räume -> - mkNoun2es raum räume Masc ; - - declN2uF : (_,_ : Str) -> CommNoun = \kuh,kühe -> - mkNoun3 kuh kühe (kühe + "n") Fem ; - --- Third declension, with plural "er": - - declN3 : Str -> CommNoun = \punkt -> - mkNoun2es punkt (punkt+"er") Neut ; - - declN3u : (_,_ : Str) -> CommNoun = \buch,bücher -> - mkNoun2ses buch bücher Neut ; - - declN3uS : (_,_ : Str) -> CommNoun = \haus,häuser -> - mkNoun2es haus häuser Neut ; - --- Plural with "s": - - declNs : Str -> CommNoun = \restaurant -> - mkNoun3 restaurant (restaurant+"s") (restaurant+"s") Neut ; - - ---2 Pronouns --- --- Here we define personal and relative pronouns. --- All personal pronouns, except "ihr", conform to the simple --- pattern $mkPronPers$. - - ProPN = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - - mkPronPers : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> ProPN = - \ich,mich,mir,meiner,mein,n,p -> { - s = table { - NPCase c => caselist ich mich mir meiner ! c ; - NPPoss gn c => mein + pronEnding ! gn ! c - } ; - n = n ; - p = p - } ; - - pronEnding : GenNum => Case => Str = table { - GSg Masc => caselist "" "en" "em" "es" ; - GSg Fem => caselist "e" "e" "er" "er" ; - GSg Neut => caselist "" "" "em" "es" ; - GPl => caselist "e" "e" "en" "er" - } ; - - pronIch = mkPronPers "ich" "mich" "mir" "meiner" "mein" Sg P1 ; - pronDu = mkPronPers "du" "dich" "dir" "deiner" "dein" Sg P2 ; - pronEr = mkPronPers "er" "ihn" "ihm" "seiner" "sein" Sg P3 ; - pronSie = mkPronPers "sie" "sie" "ihr" "ihrer" "ihr" Sg P3 ; - pronEs = mkPronPers "es" "es" "ihm" "seiner" "sein" Sg P3 ; - pronWir = mkPronPers "wir" "uns" "uns" "unser" "unser" Pl P1 ; - - pronSiePl = mkPronPers "sie" "sie" "ihnen" "ihrer" "ihr" Pl P3 ; - pronSSie = mkPronPers "Sie" "Sie" "Ihnen" "Ihrer" "Ihr" Pl P3 ; --- - --- We still have wrong agreement with the complement of the polite "Sie": --- it is in plural, like the verb, although it should be in singular. - --- The peculiarity with "ihr" is the presence of "e" in forms without an ending. - - pronIhr = - {s = table { - NPPoss (GSg Masc) Nom => "euer" ; - NPPoss (GSg Neut) Nom => "euer" ; - NPPoss (GSg Neut) Acc => "euer" ; - pf => (mkPronPers "ihr" "euch" "euch" "euer" "eur" Pl P2).s ! pf - } ; - n = Pl ; - p = P2 - } ; - --- Relative pronouns are like the definite article, except in the genitive and --- the plural dative. The function $artDef$ will be defined right below. - - RelPron : Type = {s : GenNum => Case => Str} ; - - relPron : RelPron = {s = \\gn,c => - case of { - => "deren" ; - => "dessen" ; - => "denen" ; - => "deren" ; - _ => artDef ! gn ! c - } - } ; - - ---2 Articles --- --- Here are all forms the indefinite and definite article. --- The indefinite article is like a large class of pronouns. --- The definite article is more peculiar; we don't try to --- subsume it to any general rule. - - artIndef : Gender => Case => Str = \\g,c => "ein" + pronEnding ! GSg g ! c ; - - artDef : GenNum => Case => Str = table { - GSg Masc => caselist "der" "den" "dem" "des" ; - GSg Fem => caselist "die" "die" "der" "der" ; - GSg Neut => caselist "das" "das" "dem" "des" ; - GPl => caselist "die" "die" "den" "der" - } ; - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- As explained in $types.Deu.gf$, it --- would be superfluous to use the cross product of gender and number, --- since there is no gender distinction in the plural. But it is handy to have --- a function that constructs gender-number complexes. - - gNumber : Gender -> Number -> GenNum = \g,n -> - case n of { - Sg => GSg g ; - Pl => GPl - } ; - --- It's also handy to have a function that finds out the number from such a complex. - - numGenNum : GenNum -> Number = \gn -> - case gn of { - GSg _ => Sg ; - GPl => Pl - } ; - --- This function costructs parameters in the complex type of adjective forms. - - aMod : Adjf -> Gender -> Number -> Case -> AForm = \a,g,n,c -> - AMod a (gNumber g n) c ; - --- The worst-case macro for adjectives (positive degree) only needs --- two forms. - - mkAdjective : (_,_ : Str) -> Adjective = \böse,bös -> {s = table { - APred => böse ; - AMod Strong (GSg Masc) c => - caselist (bös+"er") (bös+"en") (bös+"em") (bös+"es") ! c ; - AMod Strong (GSg Fem) c => - caselist (bös+"e") (bös+"e") (bös+"er") (bös+"er") ! c ; - AMod Strong (GSg Neut) c => - caselist (bös+"es") (bös+"es") (bös+"em") (bös+"es") ! c ; - AMod Strong GPl c => - caselist (bös+"e") (bös+"e") (bös+"en") (bös+"er") ! c ; - AMod Weak (GSg g) c => case of { - <_,Nom> => bös+"e" ; - => bös+"en" ; - <_,Acc> => bös+"e" ; - _ => bös+"en" } ; - AMod Weak GPl c => bös+"en" - }} ; - --- Here are some classes of adjectives: - - adjReg : Str -> Adjective = \gut -> mkAdjective gut gut ; - adjE : Str -> Adjective = \bös -> mkAdjective (bös+"e") bös ; - adjEr : Str -> Adjective = \teu -> mkAdjective (teu+"er") (teu+"r") ; - adjInvar : Str -> Adjective = \prima -> {s = table {_ => prima}} ; - --- The first three classes can be recognized from the end of the word, depending --- on if it is "e", "er", or something else. - - adjGen : Str -> Adjective = \gut -> let { - er = Predef.dp 2 gut ; - teu = Predef.tk 2 gut ; - e = Predef.dp 1 gut ; - bös = Predef.tk 1 gut - } in - ifTok Adjective er "er" (adjEr teu) ( - ifTok Adjective e "e" (adjE bös) ( - (adjReg gut))) ; - - --- The comparison of adjectives needs three adjectives in the worst case. - - mkAdjComp : (_,_,_ : Adjective) -> AdjComp = \gut,besser,best -> - {s = table {Pos => gut.s ; Comp => besser.s ; Sup => best.s}} ; - --- It can be done by just three strings, if each of the comparison --- forms taken separately is a regular adjective. - - adjCompReg3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> AdjComp = \gut,besser,best -> - mkAdjComp (adjReg gut) (adjReg besser) (adjReg best) ; - --- If also the comparison forms are regular, one string is enough. - - adjCompReg : Str -> AdjComp = \billig -> - adjCompReg3 billig (billig+"er") (billig+"st") ; - - ---OLD: ---2 Verbs --- --- We limit ourselves to verbs in present tense infinitive, indicative, --- and imperative, and past participle. Other forms will be introduced later. --- --- The worst-case macro needs three forms: the infinitive, the third person --- singular indicative, and the second person singular imperative. --- We take care of the special cases "ten", "sen", "ln", "rn". --- --- A famous law about Germanic languages says that plural first and third --- person are similar. - ---NEW (By Harald Hammarström): ---2 Verbs --- The worst-case macro needs six forms: --- x Infinitive, --- x 3p sg pres. indicative, --- x 2p sg imperative, --- x 1/3p sg imperfect indicative, --- x 1/3p sg imperfect subjunctive (because this uncommon form can have umlaut) --- x the perfect participle - --- But you'll only want to use one of the five macros: --- x weakVerb -- For a regular verb like legen --- x verbGratulieren -- For a regular verb without ge- in the perfect --- particple. Like gratulieren, beweisen etc --- x verbStrongSingen -- A strong verb without umlauting present tense. --- You'll need to supply the strong imperfect forms --- as well as the participle. --- x verbStrongSehen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres --- indicative as well as the imperative. You'll --- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in --- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the --- part participle. --- x verbStrongLaufen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres --- indicative but NOT the imperative. You'll --- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in --- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the --- part participle. --- --- Things that are handled automatically --- x Imperative e (although optional forms are not given) --- x Extra e in verbs like arbeitete, regnet, findet, atmet. --- NOTE: If pres. umlauting strong verbs are defined through the verbumStrong --- macro (which they should) it is automatically handled so they avoid --- falling into this rule e.g er tritt (rather than *er tritet) --- x s is dropped in the 2p sg if appropriate du setzt --- x verbs that end in -rn, -ln rather than -en - --- Things that are not handled: --- x -ß-/-ss- --- x Optional dropping of -e- in e.g wand(e)re etc --- x Optional indicative forms instead of pres. subj. 2p sg. and 2p pl. --- x (Weak) verbs without the ge- on the participle (in wait for a systematic --- treatment of the insep. prefixes and stress). You have to manually use --- the verbGratulieren for this. E.g do verbGratulieren "beweisen" - --- verbWeak "beweisen" would yield *gebeweist. - - impe : Str -> Str = \stem -> - let - e = ifTok Str (Predef.dp 2 stem) "ig" "e" [] ; - e2 = (adde stem) - in - e + e2 ; - - adde : Str -> Str = \stem -> - let - eVowelorLiquid : Str -> Str = \u -> case u of { - "l" => "e" ; - "r" => "e" ; - "a" => "e" ; - "o" => "e" ; - "u" => "e" ; - "e" => "e" ; - "i" => "e" ; - "ü" => "e" ; - "ä" => "e" ; - "ö" => "e" ; - _ => [] - } ; - - eConsonantmn : Str -> Str -> Str = \nl, l -> - case l of {"m" => eVowelorLiquid nl ; - "n" => eVowelorLiquid nl ; - _ => []} ; - - - twolast = Predef.dp 2 stem ; - nl = Predef.tk 1 twolast ; - l = Predef.dp 1 stem ; - e = case l of { - "d" => "e" ; - "t" => "e" ; - _ => eConsonantmn nl l - } ; - in - e ; - - - mkVerbum : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \geben,gibt,gib,gab,gäbe,gegeben -> - let { - ifSibilant : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str = \u,b1,b2 -> case u of { - "s" => b1 ; - "x" => b1 ; - "z" => b1 ; - "ß" => b1 ; - _ => b2 - } ; - en = Predef.dp 2 geben ; - geb = ifTok Tok (Predef.tk 1 en) "e" (Predef.tk 2 geben)(Predef.tk 1 geben) ; - gebt = geb + (adde geb) + "t" ; - gebte = ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 gab) "e" gab (gab + "e") ; - gibst = ifSibilant (Predef.dp 1 gib) (gib + "t") (gib + "st") ; - gegebener = (adjReg gegeben).s ; - } in table { - VInf => geben ; - VInd Sg P1 => geb + "e" ; - VInd Sg P2 => gibst ; - VInd Sg P3 => gibt ; - VInd Pl P2 => gebt ; - VInd Pl _ => geben ; -- the famous law - VImp Sg => gib + (impe gib) ; - VImp Pl => gebt ; - VSubj Sg P1 => geb + "e" ; - VSubj Sg P2 => geb + "est" ; - VSubj Sg P3 => geb + "e" ; - VSubj Pl P2 => geb + "et" ; - VSubj Pl _ => geben ; - VPresPart a => (adjReg (geben + "d")).s ! a ; - - VImpfInd Sg P1 => gab ; - VImpfInd Sg P2 => gab + (adde gab) + "st" ; - VImpfInd Sg P3 => gab ; - VImpfInd Pl P2 => gab + (adde gab) + "t" ; - VImpfInd Pl _ => gebte + "n" ; - - VImpfSubj Sg P1 => gäbe ; - VImpfSubj Sg P2 => gäbe + "st" ; - VImpfSubj Sg P3 => gäbe ; - VImpfSubj Pl P2 => gäbe + "t" ; - VImpfSubj Pl _ => gäbe + "n" ; - - VPart a => gegebener ! a - } ; - --- Weak verbs: - verbumWeak : Str -> Verbum = \legen -> - let - leg = (Predef.tk 2 legen) ; - legte = leg + "te" ; - in - mkVerbum legen (leg + (adde leg) + "t") leg legte legte ("ge" + (leg + "t")) ; - - regVerb = verbumWeak ; - - --- Weak verbs that don't have ge- in the participle - verbumGratulieren : Str -> Verbum = \gratulieren -> - let - gratulier = (Predef.tk 2 gratulieren) ; - gratulierte = gratulier + "te" ; - in - mkVerbum gratulieren (gratulier + (adde gratulier) + "t") gratulier gratulierte gratulierte (gratulier + "t") ; - - - --- Strong verbs (non-present-tense umlauting): - verbumStrongSingen : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \singen, sang, sänge, gesungen -> - let - sing = (Predef.tk 2 singen) - in - mkVerbum singen (sing + (adde sing) + "t") sing sang sänge gesungen ; - --- Verbs with Umlaut in the 2nd and 3rd person singular and imperative: - verbumStrongSehen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \sehen,sieht,sah,sähe,gesehen -> - let - sieh = Predef.tk 1 sieht ; - in - mkVerbum sehen sieht sieh sah sähe gesehen ; - --- Verbs with Umlaut in the 2nd and 3rd person singular but not imperative: --- (or any verb where the 3rd p sg pres ind is "special" and the 2p sg pres ind -- uses its stem.) - verbumStrongLaufen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \laufen,läuft,lief,liefe,gelaufen -> - let - lauf = Predef.dp 2 laufen ; - in - mkVerbum laufen läuft lauf lief liefe gelaufen ; - - --- The verb "be": - - verbumSein : Verbum = let { - sein = verbumStrongSingen "sein" "war" "wäre" "gewesen" ; - } in - table { - VInf => "sein" ; - VInd Sg P1 => "bin" ; - VInd Sg P2 => "bist" ; - VInd Sg P3 => "ist" ; - VInd Pl P2 => "seid" ; - VInd Pl _ => "sind" ; - VImp Sg => "sei" ; - VImp Pl => "seid" ; - - VSubj Sg P1 => "sei" ; - VSubj Sg P2 => (variants {"seiest" ; "seist"}) ; - VSubj Sg P3 => "sei" ; - VSubj Pl P2 => "seien" ; - VSubj Pl _ => "seiet" ; - VPresPart a => ((adjReg "seiend").s) ! a ; - - v => sein ! v - - } ; - --- Modal auxiliary verbs - verbumAux : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \können,kann,konnte,könnte,gekonnt -> - let k = mkVerbum können kann kann konnte könnte gekonnt ;--- (verbumStrongLaufen können kann konnte könnte gekonnt) - in - table { - VInd Sg P1 => kann ; - v => k ! v - } ; - - verbumKönnen = verbumAux "können" "kann" "konnte" "könnte" "gekonnt" ; - verbumDürfen = verbumAux "dürfen" "darf" "durfte" "dürfte" "gedurft" ; - verbumMögen = verbumAux "mögen" "mag" "mochte" "möchte" "gemocht" ; - verbumMüssen = verbumAux "müssen" "muss" "musste" "müsste" "gemusst" ; - verbumSollen = verbumAux "sollen" "soll" "sollte" "söllte" "gesollt" ; - verbumWollen = verbumAux "wollen" "will" "wollte" "wöllte" "gewollt" ; - verbumWissen = verbumAux "wissen" "weiss" "wusste" "wüsste" "gewusst" ; - --- The verb "have": - - verbumHaben : Verbum = let { - haben = (verbumStrongSingen "haben" "hatte" "hätte" "gehabt") - } in - table { - VInd Sg P2 => "hast" ; - VInd Sg P3 => "hat" ; - v => haben ! v - } ; - --- The verb "become", used as the passive auxiliary: - - verbumWerden : Verbum = let { - werden = (verbumStrongSingen "werden" "wurde" "würde" "geworden") ; - } in - table { - VInd Sg P2 => "wirst" ; - VInd Sg P3 => "wird" ; - v => werden ! v - } ; - - - - --- A *full verb* ($Verb$) consists of the inflection forms ($Verbum$) and --- a *particle* (e.g. "aus-sehen"). Simple verbs are the ones that have no --- such particle. - - mkVerb : Verbum -> Particle -> Verb = \v,p -> {s = v ; s2 = p} ; - - mkVerbSimple : Verbum -> Verb = \v -> mkVerb v [] ; - - verbSein = mkVerbSimple verbumSein ; - verbHaben = mkVerbSimple verbumHaben ; - verbWerden = mkVerbSimple verbumWerden ; - --- Apparently needed for "es gibt" etc - verbGeben = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSehen "geben" "gibt" "gab" "gäbe" "gegeben") ; - - -{- - -- tests for optimizer - verbumSein2 : Verbum = - table { - VInf => "sein" ; - VInd Sg P1 => "bin" ; - VInd Sg P2 => "bist" ; - VInd Sg P3 => "ist" ; - VInd Pl P2 => "seid" ; - VInd Pl _ => "sind" ; - VImp Sg => "sei" ; - VImp Pl => "seid" ; - VPart a => (adjReg "gewesen").s ! a - } ; - - verbumHaben2 : Verbum = - table { - VInd Sg P2 => "hast" ; - VInd Sg P3 => "hat" ; - v => regVerb "haben" ! v - } ; --} - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ParadigmsGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/ParadigmsGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 902c5bf80..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ParadigmsGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,420 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 German Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Resource.gf$. --- Their original typings via abstract syntax are in --- $Structural.gf$, which also contains documentation. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoGer.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string --- arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsGer = - open Prelude, (Morpho=MorphoGer), SyntaxGer, ResourceGer in { - - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type ; - - masculine : Gender ; - feminine : Gender ; - neuter : Gender ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. - - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - accusative : Case ; - dative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: give all four singular forms, two plural forms (others + dative), --- and the gender. - - mkN : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ; - -- mann, mann, manne, mannes, männer, männern - --- Often it is enough with singular and plural nominatives, and singular --- genitive. The plural dative --- is computed by the heuristic that it is the same as the nominative this --- ends with "n" or "s", otherwise "n" is added. - - nGen : Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> N ; -- punkt,punktes,punkt - --- Here are some common patterns. Singular nominative or two nominatives are needed. --- Two forms are needed in case of Umlaut, which would be complicated to define. --- For the same reason, we have separate patterns for multisyllable stems. --- --- The weak masculine pattern $nSoldat$ avoids duplicating the final "e". - - nRaum : (_,_ : Str) -> N ; -- Raum, (Raumes,) Räume (masc) - nTisch : Str -> N ; -- Tisch, (Tisches, Tische) (masc) - nVater : (_,_ : Str) -> N ; -- Vater, (Vaters,) Väter (masc) - nFehler : Str -> N ; -- Fehler, (fehlers, Fehler) (masc) - nSoldat : Str -> N ; -- Soldat (, Soldaten) ; Kunde (, Kunden) (masc) - --- Neuter patterns. - - nBuch : (_,_ : Str) -> N ; -- Buch, (Buches, Bücher) (neut) - nMesser : Str -> N ; -- Messer, (Messers, Messer) (neut) - nBein : Str -> N ; -- Bein, (Beins, Beine) (neut) - nAuto : Str -> N ; -- Auto, (Autos, Autos) (neut) - --- Feminine patterns. Duplicated "e" is avoided in $nFrau$. - - nStudentin : Str -> N ; -- Studentin (Studentinne) - nHand : (_,_ : Str) -> N ; -- Hand, Hände; Mutter, Mütter (fem) - nFrau : Str -> N ; -- Frau (, Frauen) ; Wiese (, Wiesen) (fem) - - --- Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is "von". - - mkFun : N -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ; - funVon : N -> Fun ; - --- Proper names, with their possibly --- irregular genitive. The regular genitive is "s", omitted after "s". - - mkPN : (karolus, karoli : Str) -> PN ; -- karolus, karoli - pnReg : (Johann : Str) -> PN ; -- Johann, Johanns ; Johannes, Johannes - --- On the top level, it is maybe $CN$ that is used rather than $N$, and --- $NP$ rather than $PN$. - - mkCN : N -> CN ; - mkNP : (karolus,karoli : Str) -> NP ; - - npReg : Str -> NP ; -- Johann, Johanns - --- In some cases, you may want to make a complex $CN$ into a function. - - mkFunCN : CN -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ; - funVonCN : CN -> Fun ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives need two forms in the worst case: --- the one in predication and the one before the ending "e". - - mkAdj1 : (teuer,teur : Str) -> Adj1 ; - --- Invariable adjective are a special case. - - adjInvar : Str -> Adj1 ; -- prima - --- The following heuristic recognizes the the end of the word, and builds --- the second form depending on if it is "e", "er", or something else. --- N.B. a contraction is made with "er", which works for "teuer" but not --- for "bitter". - - adjGen : Str -> Adj1 ; -- gut; teuer; böse - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. - - mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Str -> Case -> Adj2 ; -- teilbar, durch, acc - --- Comparison adjectives may need three adjective, corresponding to the --- three comparison forms. - - mkAdjDeg : (gut,besser,best : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ; - --- In many cases, each of these adjectives is itself regular. Then we only --- need three strings. Notice that contraction with "er" is not performed --- ("bessere", not "bessre"). - - aDeg3 : (gut,besser,best : Str) -> AdjDeg ; - --- In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by --- the endings "er" and "st". - - aReg : Str -> AdjDeg ; -- billig, billiger, billigst - --- The past participle of a verb can be used as an adjective. - - aPastPart : V -> Adj1 ; -- gefangen - --- On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. The variation in $adjGen$ is taken --- into account. - - apReg : Str -> AP ; - ---OLD: ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. --- It also has the infinitive and the past participles. --- The worst case macro needs four forms: : the infinitive and --- the third person singular (where Umlaut may occur), the singular imperative, --- and the past participle. --- --- The function recognizes if the stem ends with "s" or "t" and performs the --- appropriate contractions. - ---NEW (By Harald Hammarström): ---2 Verbs --- The worst-case macro needs six forms: --- x Infinitive, --- x 3p sg pres. indicative, --- x 2p sg imperative, --- x 1/3p sg imperfect indicative, --- x 1/3p sg imperfect subjunctive (because this uncommon form can have umlaut) --- x the perfect participle - --- But you'll only want to use one of the five macros: --- x weakVerb -- For a regular verb like legen --- x verbGratulieren -- For a regular verb without ge- in the perfect --- particple. Like gratulieren, beweisen etc --- x verbStrongSingen -- A strong verb without umlauting present tense. --- You'll need to supply the strong imperfect forms --- as well as the participle. --- x verbStrongSehen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres --- indicative as well as the imperative. You'll --- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in --- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the --- part participle. --- x verbStrongLaufen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres --- indicative but NOT the imperative. You'll --- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in --- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the --- part participle. --- --- Things that are handled automatically --- x Imperative e (although optional forms are not given) --- x Extra e in verbs like arbeitete, regnet, findet, atmet. --- NOTE: If pres. umlauting strong verbs are defined through the verbumStrong --- macro (which they should) it is automatically handled so they avoid --- falling into this rule e.g er tritt (rather than *er tritet) --- x s is dropped in the 2p sg if appropriate du setzt --- x verbs that end in -rn, -ln rather than -en - --- Things that are not handled: --- x -ß-/-ss- --- x Optional dropping of -e- in e.g wand(e)re etc --- x Optional indicative forms instead of pres. subj. 2p sg. and 2p pl. --- x (Weak) verbs without the ge- on the participle (in wait for a systematic --- treatment of the insep. prefixes and stress). You have to manually use --- the verbGratulieren for this. E.g do verbGratulieren "beweisen" - --- verbWeak "beweisen" would yield *gebeweist. - - mkV : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- geben, gibt, gib, gab, gäbe, gegeben - --- Weak verbs are sometimes called regular verbs. - - vWeak : Str -> V ; -- führen - - vGratulieren : Str -> V ; -- gratulieren - vSehen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- sehen, sieht, sah, sähe, gesehen - vLaufen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- laufen, lauft, liefe, liefe, gelaufen - --- The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. - - vSein : V ; - vHaben : V ; - --- Some irregular verbs. - - vFahren : V ; - --- Verbs with a detachable particle, with regular ones as a special case. - - vPartWeak : (_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- führen, aus - --- vPartGratulieren (_,_ : Str) -> V ; - vPartSehen : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- sehen, sieht, sah, sähe, gesehen - vPartLaufen : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- laufen, lauft, liefe, liefe, gelaufen - mkVPart : V -> Str -> V ; -- vFahren, aus - --- Obsolete; use vPartWeak etc instead - --vPart : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- sehen, sieht, sieh, gesehen, aus - --vPartReg : (_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- bringen, um - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that --- a particle can be included in a $V$. - - mkTV : V -> Str -> Case -> TV ; -- hören, zu, dative - - tvWeak : Str -> Str -> Case -> TV ; -- hören, zu, dative - tvDir : V -> TV ; -- umbringen - tvDirReg : Str -> TV ; -- lieben - --- Three-place verbs require two prepositions and cases. - - mkV3 : V -> Str -> Case -> Str -> Case -> V3 ; -- geben,[],dative,[],accusative - --- Sentence-complement verbs are just verbs. - - mkVS : V -> VS ; - --- Verb-complement verbs either need the "zu" particle or don't. --- The ones that don't are usually auxiliary verbs. - - vsAux : V -> VV ; - vsZu : V -> VV ; - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials for modifying verbs, adjectives, and sentences can be formed --- from strings. - - mkAdV : Str -> AdV ; - mkAdA : Str -> AdA ; - mkAdS : Str -> AdS ; - --- Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. - - mkPP : Case -> Str -> NP -> AdV ; - --- One can also use the function $ResourceGer.PrepNP$ with one of the given --- prepositions or a preposition formed by giving a string and a case: - - mkPrep : Str -> Case -> Prep ; - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - - Gender = SyntaxGer.Gender ; - Case = SyntaxGer.Case ; - Number = SyntaxGer.Number ; - - masculine = Masc ; - feminine = Fem ; - neuter = Neut ; - nominative = Nom ; - accusative = Acc ; - dative = Dat ; - genitive = Gen ; - -- singular defined in Types - -- plural defined in Types - - mkN a b c d e f g = mkNoun a b c d e f g ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - nGen = \punkt, punktes, punkte, g -> let { - e = Predef.dp 1 punkte ; - eqy = ifTok N e ; - noN = mkNoun4 punkt punktes punkte punkte g ** {lock_N = <>} - } in - eqy "n" noN ( - eqy "s" noN ( - mkNoun4 punkt punktes punkte (punkte+"n") g ** {lock_N = <>})) ; - - nRaum = \raum, räume -> nGen raum (raum + "es") räume masculine ; - nTisch = \tisch -> - mkNoun4 tisch (tisch + "es") (tisch + "e") (tisch +"en") masculine ** - {lock_N = <>}; - nVater = \vater, väter -> nGen vater (vater + "s") väter masculine ; - nFehler = \fehler -> nVater fehler fehler ; - - nSoldat = \soldat -> let { - e = Predef.dp 1 soldat ; - soldaten = ifTok Tok e "e" (soldat + "n") (soldat + "en") - } in - mkN soldat soldaten soldaten soldaten soldaten soldaten masculine ; - - nBein = \bein -> declN2n bein ** {lock_N = <>}; - nBuch = \buch, bücher -> nGen buch (buch + "es") bücher neuter ; - nMesser = \messer -> nGen messer (messer + "s") messer neuter ; - nAuto = \auto -> let {autos = auto + "s"} in - mkNoun4 auto autos autos autos neuter ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - nStudentin = \studentin -> declN1in studentin ** {lock_N = <>}; - nHand = \hand, hände -> nGen hand hand hände feminine ; - - nFrau = \frau -> let { - e = Predef.dp 1 frau ; - frauen = ifTok Tok e "e" (frau + "n") (frau + "en") - } in - mkN frau frau frau frau frauen frauen feminine ; - - mkFun n = mkFunCN (UseN n) ; - funVon n = funVonCN (UseN n) ; - - mkPN = \karolus, karoli -> - {s = table {Gen => karoli ; _ => karolus} ; lock_PN = <>} ; - pnReg = \horst -> - mkPN horst (ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 horst) "s" horst (horst + "s")) ; - - mkCN = UseN ; - mkNP = \x,y -> UsePN (mkPN x y) ; - npReg = \s -> UsePN (pnReg s) ; - - mkFunCN n p c = mkFunC n p c ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funVonCN n = funVonC n ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - - mkAdj1 x y = mkAdjective x y ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adjInvar a = Morpho.adjInvar a ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adjGen a = Morpho.adjGen a ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - mkAdj2 = \a,p,c -> a ** {s2 = p ; c = c ; lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - - mkAdjDeg a b c = mkAdjComp a b c ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aDeg3 a b c = adjCompReg3 a b c ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aReg a = adjCompReg a ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aPastPart = \v -> {s = table AForm {a => v.s ! VPart a} ; lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - apReg = \s -> AdjP1 (adjGen s) ; - - mkV a b c d e f = mkVerbSimple (mkVerbum a b c d e f) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vWeak a = mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak a) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vGratulieren a = mkVerbSimple (verbumGratulieren a) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vSehen a b c d e = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSehen a b c d e) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vLaufen a b c d e = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongLaufen a b c d e) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - -- vReg = \s -> mkVerbSimple (regVerb s) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vSein = verbSein ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vHaben = verbHaben ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vFahren = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongLaufen "fahren" "fährt" "fuhr" "führe" "gefahren") ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - vPartWeak = \führen, aus -> (mkVerb (verbumWeak führen) aus) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - --vGratulieren = verbumGratulieren ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vPartSehen a b c d e aus = (mkVerb (verbumStrongSehen a b c d e) aus) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vPartLaufen a b c d e aus = (mkVerb (verbumStrongLaufen a b c d e) aus) ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - --vPart = \sehen, sieht, sieh, gesehen, aus -> - -- mkVerb (mkVerbum sehen sieht sieh gesehen) aus ** {lock_V = <>} ; - --vPartReg = \sehen, aus -> mkVerb (regVerb sehen) aus ** {lock_V = <>} ; - mkVPart v p = mkVerb v.s p ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - mkTV v p c = mkTransVerb v p c ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - tvWeak = \hören, zu, dat -> mkTV (vWeak hören) zu dat ; - tvDir = \v -> mkTV v [] accusative ; - tvDirReg = \v -> tvWeak v [] accusative ; - mkV3 v s c t d = mkDitransVerb v s c t d ** {lock_V3 = <>} ; - - mkVS v = v ** {lock_VS = <>} ; - vsAux v = v ** {isAux = True ; lock_VV = <>} ; - vsZu v = v ** {isAux = True ; lock_VV = <>} ; - - mkAdV a = ss a ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkPP x y = PrepNP {s = y ; c = x ; lock_Prep = <>} ; - mkAdA a = ss a ** {lock_AdA = <>} ; - mkAdS a = ss a ** {lock_AdS = <>} ; - mkPrep s c = {s = s ; c = c ; lock_Prep = <>} ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/PredicationGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/PredicationGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 32a9a6d66..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/PredicationGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource PredicationGer = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceGer), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtGer) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceExtGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceExtGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 8a264e019..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceExtGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtGer = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceGer) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 508f51433..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/ResourceGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceGer of Resource = reuse StructuralGer ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/StructuralGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/StructuralGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index cc763a9ac..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/StructuralGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,133 +0,0 @@ ---1 The Top-Level German Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the German concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.Deu.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $Types.gf$. - -concrete StructuralGer of Structural = CombinationsGer ** open Prelude, SyntaxGer in { - -lin - INP = pronNounPhrase pronIch ; - ThouNP = pronNounPhrase pronDu ; - HeNP = pronNounPhrase pronEr ; - SheNP = pronNounPhrase pronSie ; - WeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronWir n) ; - YeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronIhr n) ; - TheyNP = pronNounPhrase pronSiePl ; - - YouNP = pronNounPhrase pronSSie ; - - ItNP = pronNounPhrase pronEs ; - ThisNP = nameNounPhrase {s = dieserDet.s ! Neut} ; --- - ThatNP = nameNounPhrase {s = jenerDet.s ! Neut} ; --- - TheseNumNP nu = let diese = caselist "diese" "diese" "diesen" "diesen" in - normalNounPhrase (\\c => diese ! c ++ nu.s) plural ; - ThoseNumNP nu = let jene = caselist "jene" "jene" "jenen" "jenen" in - normalNounPhrase (\\c => jene ! c ++ nu.s) plural ; - - AnyDet = detLikeAdj "irgendwelch" ; - AnyNumDet nu = mkDeterminerNumReg nu "irgendwelche" Weak ; - EveryDet = jederDet ; - AllMassDet = allesDet ; - AllNumDet = alleDet ; - WhichDet = welcherDet ; - WhichNumDet = welcheDet ; - MostDet = meistDet ; - MostsDet = meisteDet ; - ManyDet = mkDeterminerPl (caselist "viele" "viele" "vielen" "vieler") Strong ; - MuchDet = detLikeAdj "viel" ; - NoDet = keinDet ; - NoNumDet nu = mkDeterminerNumReg nu "keine" Strong ; - SomeDet = einDet ; --- - SomeNumDet nu = mkDeterminerNumReg nu "einige" Strong ; - ThatDet = detLikeAdj "jen" ; - ThisDet = detLikeAdj "dies" ; - TheseNumDet nu = mkDeterminerNumReg nu "diese" Strong ; - ThoseNumDet nu = mkDeterminerNumReg nu "jene" Strong ; - - HowIAdv = ss "wie" ; - WhenIAdv = ss "wann" ; - WhereIAdv = ss "war" ; - WhyIAdv = ss "warum" ; - - AndConj = ss "und" ** {n = Pl} ; - OrConj = ss "oder" ** {n = Sg} ; - BothAnd = sd2 "sowohl" ["als auch"] ** {n = Pl} ; - EitherOr = sd2 "entweder" "oder" ** {n = Sg} ; - NeitherNor = sd2 "weder" "noch" ** {n = Sg} ; - IfSubj = ss "wenn" ; - WhenSubj = ss "wenn" ; - - PhrYes = ss ["Ja ."] ; - PhrNo = ss ["Nein ."] ; - - VeryAdv = ss "sehr" ; - TooAdv = ss "zu" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "sonst" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "deshalb" ; - - EverybodyNP = nameNounPhrase - {s = caselist "jeder" "jeden" "jedem" "jedes"} ; - SomebodyNP = nameNounPhrase - {s = caselist "jemand" "jemanden" "jemandem" "jemands"} ; - NobodyNP = nameNounPhrase - {s = caselist "niemand" "niemanden" "niemandem" "niemands"} ; - EverythingNP = nameNounPhrase - {s = caselist "alles" "alles" "allem" "alles"} ; - SomethingNP = nameNounPhrase {s = \\_ => "etwas"} ; - NothingNP = nameNounPhrase {s = \\_ => "nichts"} ; - - - CanVV = - mkVerbSimple (verbumKönnen) ** {isAux = True} ; - CanKnowVV = - mkVerbSimple (verbumKönnen) ** {isAux = True} ; - MustVV = - mkVerbSimple (verbumMüssen) ** {isAux = True} ; - WantVV = - mkVerbSimple (verbumWollen) ** {isAux = True} ; - - - EverywhereNP = ss "überall" ; - SomewhereNP = ss "irgendwo" ; - NowhereNP = ss "nirgends" ; - - AlthoughSubj = ss "obwohl" ; - - AlmostAdv = ss "fast" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "ziemlich" ; - - InPrep = mkPrep "in" Dat ; - OnPrep = mkPrep "auf" Dat ; - ToPrep = mkPrep "nach" Dat ; - ThroughPrep = mkPrep "durch" Acc ; - AbovePrep = mkPrep "über" Dat ; - UnderPrep = mkPrep "unter" Dat ; - InFrontPrep = mkPrep "vor" Dat ; - BehindPrep = mkPrep "hinter" Dat ; - BetweenPrep = mkPrep "zwischen" Dat ; - FromPrep = mkPrep "aus" Dat ; - BeforePrep = mkPrep "vor" Dat ; - DuringPrep = mkPrep "während" Gen ; - AfterPrep = mkPrep "nach" Dat ; - WithPrep = mkPrep "mit" Dat ; - WithoutPrep = mkPrep "ohne" Acc ; - ByMeansPrep = mkPrep "mit" Dat ; - PartPrep = mkPrep "von" Dat ; - PossessPrep = mkPrep "von" Dat ; - AgentPrep = mkPrep "durch" Acc ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/SyntaxGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/SyntaxGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index cdb8def0c..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/SyntaxGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1039 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Small German Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in German. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource SyntaxGer = MorphoGer ** open Prelude, (CO = Coordination) in { - ---2 Common Nouns --- --- Simple common nouns are defined as the type $CommNoun$ in $morpho.Deu.gf$. - ---3 Common noun phrases - --- The need for this more complex type comes from the variation in the way in --- which a modifying adjective is inflected after different determiners. --- We use the $Adjf$ parameter for this ($Strong$/$Weak$). - -oper - - CommNounPhrase : Type = {s : Adjf => Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \haus -> - {s = \\_ => haus.s ; g = haus.g} ; - - n2n = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - - ---2 Noun phrases --- --- The worst case is pronouns, which have inflection in the possessive --- forms. Other noun phrases express all possessive forms with the genitive case. --- The parameter $pro$ tells if the $NP$ is a pronoun, which is needed in e.g. --- genitive constructions. - - NounPhrase : Type = { - s : NPForm => Str ; - n : Number ; - p : Person ; - pro : Bool - } ; - - pronNounPhrase : ProPN -> NounPhrase = \ich -> - ich ** {pro = True} ; - - caseNP : NPForm -> Case = \np -> case np of { - NPCase c => c ; - NPPoss _ _ => Gen - } ; - - normalNounPhrase : (Case => Str) -> Number -> NounPhrase = \cs,n -> - {s = \\c => cs ! caseNP c ; - n = n ; - p = P3 ; -- third person - pro = False -- not a pronoun - } ; - --- Proper names are a simple kind of noun phrases. They can usually --- be constructed from strings in a regular way. - - ProperName : Type = {s : Case => Str} ; - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase = \john -> - {s = \\np => john.s ! caseNP np ; n = Sg ; p = P3 ; pro = False} ; - - mkProperName : Str -> ProperName = \horst -> - {s = table {Gen => horst + "s" ; _ => horst}} ; - --- Numerals can be used as determiners or, more generally, as modifiers --- of ones. They are not inflected, since we only consider numerals above 1. - - Numeral : Type = {s : Str} ; - - pronWithNum : ProPN -> Numeral -> ProPN = \wir,acht -> - {s = \\c => wir.s ! c ++ acht.s ; - n = wir.n ; - p = wir.p - } ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = []} ; - - ---2 Mass nouns --- --- Mass nouns are morphologically similar to nouns, but they have one special --- rule of noun phrase formation, using the bare singular (in German). --- Example: "Bier ist gut". --- They can also be coerced to common nouns: "ein Mexikanisches Bier". - - MassNounPhrase : Type = CommNounPhrase ; - - massNounPhrase : MassNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \bier -> { - s = \\c => let {nc = caseNP c} in - bier.s ! adjfCas Strong nc ! Sg ! nc ; - p = P3 ; - n = Sg ; - pro = False - } ; - - massCommNoun : MassNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \x -> x ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners are inflected according to the nouns they determine. --- The determiner determines the number and adjectival form from the determiner. - - Determiner : Type = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number ; a : Adjf} ; - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \ein, mann -> { - s = \\c => let {nc = caseNP c} in - ein.s ! mann.g ! nc ++ mann.s ! adjfCas ein.a nc ! ein.n ! nc ; - p = P3 ; - n = ein.n ; - pro = False - } ; - - --- The adjectival form after a determiner depends both on the inferent form --- and on the case ("ein alter Mann" but "einem alten Mann"). - - adjfCas : Adjf -> Case -> Adjf = \a,c -> case of { - => Strong ; - => Strong ; - _ => Weak - } ; - --- The following macros are sufficient to define most determiners, --- as shown by the examples that follow. - - DetSg = Gender => Case => Str ; - DetPl = Case => Str ; - - mkDeterminerSg : DetSg -> Adjf -> Determiner = \ein, a -> - {s = ein ; n = Sg ; a = a} ; - - mkDeterminerPl : DetPl -> Adjf -> Determiner = \x,y -> - mkDeterminerNum noNum x y ; - - mkDeterminerNum : Numeral -> DetPl -> Adjf -> Determiner = \nu,alle,a -> - {s = \\_,c => alle ! c ++ nu.s ; n = Pl ; a = a} ; - mkDeterminerNumReg : Numeral -> Str -> Adjf -> Determiner = \nu,alle,a -> - mkDeterminerNum nu (caselist alle alle (alle + "n") (alle + "n")) a ; - - detLikeAdj : Str -> Determiner = \jed -> mkDeterminerSg - (\\g,c => (adjReg jed).s ! AMod Strong (GSg g) c) Weak ; - - jederDet = detLikeAdj "jed" ; - dieserDet = detLikeAdj "dies" ; - jenerDet = detLikeAdj "jen" ; - allesDet = detLikeAdj "all" ; - alleDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \n -> - mkDeterminerNum n (caselist "alle" "alle" "allen" "aller") Weak ; - einDet = mkDeterminerSg artIndef Strong ; - keinDet = mkDeterminerSg (\\g,c => "k" + artIndef ! g ! c) Strong ; - derDet = mkDeterminerSg (table {g => artDef ! GSg g}) Weak ; - dieDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \nu -> - mkDeterminerNum nu (artDef ! GPl) Weak ; - - meistDet = mkDeterminerSg - (\\g,c => artDef ! GSg g ! c ++ (adjReg "meist").s ! AMod Weak (GSg g) c) Weak ; - meisteDet = mkDeterminerPl - (\\c => artDef ! GPl ! c ++ "meisten") Weak ; - welcherDet = detLikeAdj "welch" ; - welcheDet : Numeral -> Determiner = \n -> - mkDeterminerNum n (caselist "welche" "welche" "welchen" "welcher") Weak ; - --- Choose "welcher"/"welche" - - welchDet : Number -> Determiner = \n -> - case n of {Sg => welcherDet ; Pl => welcheDet noNum} ; - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "mein Haus" - "meine Häuser". --- --- If the 'owner' is a pronoun, only one form is available "mein Haus". --- In other cases, two variants are available: "Johanns Haus" / "das Haus Johanns". - - npGenDet : Number -> Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,nu,haus,Wein -> - let { - hauses : Case => Str = \\c => haus.s ! NPPoss (gNumber Wein.g n) c ; - wein : NPForm => Str = \\c => nu.s ++ Wein.s ! Strong ! n ! caseNP c ; - derwein : NPForm => Str = (defNounPhraseNum nu n Wein).s - } - in - {s = \\c => variants { - hauses ! caseNP c ++ wein ! c ; - if_then_else Str haus.pro - nonExist - (derwein ! c ++ hauses ! Nom) -- the case does not matter - } ; - p = P3 ; - n = n ; - pro = False - } ; - --- *Bare plural noun phrases* like "Männer", "gute Häuser", are built without a --- determiner word. - - plurDet : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \cn -> - normalNounPhrase (cn.s ! Strong ! Pl) Pl ; - - plurDetNum : Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \nu,cn -> - normalNounPhrase (\\c => nu.s ++ cn.s ! Strong ! Pl ! c) Pl ; - --- Macros for indef/def Sg/Pl noun phrases are needed in many places even --- if they might not be constituents. - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,haus -> case n of { - Sg => detNounPhrase einDet haus ; - Pl => plurDet haus - } ; - - defNounPhraseNum : Numeral -> Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \nu,n,haus -> case n of { - Sg => detNounPhrase derDet haus ; - Pl => detNounPhrase (dieDet nu) haus - } ; - - defNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - defNounPhraseNum noNum ; - - indefNoun : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Str = \n, mann -> case n of { - Sg => (detNounPhrase einDet mann).s ! NPCase Nom ; - Pl => (plurDet mann).s ! NPCase Nom - } ; - --- Constructions like "die Idee, dass zwei gerade ist" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have "ein Vorschlag, dass...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \idee,x -> - {s = \\a,n,c => idee.s ! a! n ! c ++ [", dass"] ++ x.s ! Sub ; - g = idee.g - } ; - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectival phrases have a parameter $p$ telling if postposition is --- allowed (complex APs). - - AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ** {p : Bool} ; - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \ny -> ny ** {p = False} ; - ---3 Comparison adjectives --- --- The type is defined in $types.Deu.gf$. - - AdjDegr : Type = AdjComp ; - --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("jung"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \jung -> - {s = jung.s ! Pos ; p = False} ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("besser als Rolf"). - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \besser,rolf -> - {s = \\a => besser.s ! Comp ! a ++ "als" ++ rolf.s ! NPCase Nom ; - p = True - } ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a common noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain ("der Jüngste Mann"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \best,mann -> - let {gen = mann.g} in - {s = \\c => let {nc = caseNP c} in - artDef ! gNumber gen Sg ! nc ++ - best.s ! Sup ! aMod Weak gen Sg nc ++ - mann.s ! Weak ! Sg ! nc ; - p = P3 ; - n = Sg ; - pro = False - } ; - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a preposition used before --- the complement, and the complement case. - - AdjCompl = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \verwandt,dich -> - {s = \\a => - bothWays (verwandt.s ! a) (verwandt.s2 ++ dich.s ! NPCase verwandt.c) ; - p = True - } ; - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("Johann ist jung") --- and in modification ("ein junger Mann"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. --- --- Modification must pay attention to pre- and post-noun --- adjectives: "gutes Haus"; "besseres als X haus" / "haus besseres als X" - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \gut,haus -> - {s = \\a,n,c => let { - gutes = gut.s ! aMod a haus.g n c ; - Haus = haus.s ! a ! n ! c - } in - if_then_else Str gut.p (bothWays gutes Haus) (gutes ++ Haus) ; - g = haus.g} ; - ---2 Function expressions - --- A function expression is a common noun together with the --- preposition prefixed to its argument ("Mutter von x"). --- The type is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs. - - Function = CommNounPhrase ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "Mutter/Mütter von Johann". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "die Mutter von Johann", "die Mütter von Johann", --- "die Mütter von Johann und Maria", and "die Mutter von Johann und Maria" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \mutter,uwe -> - {s = \\a,n,c => mutter.s ! a ! n ! c ++ mutter.s2 ++ uwe.s ! NPCase mutter.c ; - g = mutter.g - } ; - --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = \x -> x ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to the original function application --- producing "Johanns Mutter" and "die Mutter von Johann". It does not appear in the --- resource grammar API any longer. - - appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll, mutter, uwe -> - let {n = uwe.n ; g = mutter.g ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n} in - variants { - defNounPhrase nf (appFunComm mutter uwe) ; - npGenDet nf noNum uwe mutter - } ; - --- The commonest cases are functions with "von" and functions with Genitive. - - mkFunC : CommNounPhrase -> Preposition -> Case -> Function = \f,p,c -> - f ** {s2 = p ; c = c} ; - - funVonC : CommNounPhrase -> Function = \wert -> - mkFunC wert "von" Dat ; - - funGenC : CommNounPhrase -> Function = \wert -> - mkFunC wert [] Gen ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition ; c2 : Case} ; - --- There application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \flug, paris -> - {s = \\a,n,c => flug.s ! a ! n ! c ++ flug.s2 ++ paris.s ! NPCase flug.c ; - g = flug.g ; - s2 = flug.s3 ; - c = flug.c2 - } ; - - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 Verb phrases --- --- Verb phrases are discontinuous: the parts of a verb phrase are --- (s) an inflected verb, --- (s3) negation+complement+particle, and (s4) sentential adverbial. --- This discontinuity is needed in sentence formation --- to account for word order variations. - - VerbPhrase = Verb ** {s3 : Number => Str ; s4 : Str} ; - VerbGroup = - {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Str ; s3 : Bool => Number => Str ; s4 : Str} ; - - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vg -> { - s = vg.s ; - s2 = vg.s2 ; - s3 = vg.s3 ! b ; - s4 = vg.s4 - } ; - --- A simple verb can be made into a verb phrase with an empty complement. --- There are two versions, depending on if we want to negate the verb. --- N.B. negation is *not* a function applicable to a verb phrase, since --- double negations with "nicht" are not grammatical. - - predVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \aussehen -> - aussehen ** { - s3 = \\b,_ => negation b ; - s4 = [] - } ; - - negation : Bool -> Str = \b -> if_then_else Str b [] "nicht" ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives ("ist gut"), --- common nouns ("ist ein Mann"), and noun phrases ("ist der jüngste Mann"). --- The third rule is overgenerating: "ist jeder Mann" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. - - predAdjective : Adjective -> VerbGroup = \gut -> - verbSein ** { - s3 = \\b,_ => negation b ++ gut.s ! APred ; - s4 = [] - } ; - - predCommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \man -> - verbSein ** { - s3 = \\b,n => negation b ++ indefNoun n man ; - s4 = [] - } ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \dermann -> - verbSein ** { - s3 = \\b,n => negation b ++ dermann.s ! NPCase Nom ; - s4 = [] - } ; - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \hier -> - verbSein ** { - s3 = \\b,_ => negation b ++ hier.s ; - s4 = [] - } ; - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a preposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object* - which may still be accusative, --- dative, or genitive. - - TransVerb = Verb ** {s3 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - - mkTransVerb : Verb -> Preposition -> Case -> TransVerb = - \v,p,c -> v ** {s3 = p ; c = c} ; - - transDir : Verb -> TransVerb = \v -> - mkTransVerb v [] Acc ; - --- The rule for using transitive verbs is the complementization rule: - - complTransVerb : TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \warten,dich -> - let { - aufdich = warten.s3 ++ dich.s ! NPCase warten.c - } in - {s = warten.s ; - s2 = warten.s2 ; - s3 = \\b,_ => bothWays aufdich (negation b) ; - s4 = [] - } ; - --- Transitive verbs with accusative objects can be used passively. --- The function does not check that the verb is transitive. --- Therefore, the function can also be used for "es wird gelaufen", etc. - - passVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \lieben -> - {s = verbumWerden ; - s2 = [] ; - s3 = \\b,_ => negation b ++ lieben.s2 ++ lieben.s ! VPart APred ; - s4 = [] - } ; - --- Transitive verb can be used elliptically as a verb. The semantics --- is left to applications. The definition is trivial, due to record --- subtyping. - - transAsVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \lieben -> - lieben ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s4 : Preposition ; c2 : Case} ; - - mkDitransVerb : - Verb -> Preposition -> Case -> Preposition -> Case -> DitransVerb = - \v,p1,c1,p2,c2 -> v ** {s3 = p1 ; c = c1 ; s4 = p2 ; c2 = c2} ; - - complDitransVerb : - DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \geben,dir,bier -> - let { - zudir = geben.s3 ++ dir.s ! NPCase geben.c ; - dasbier = geben.s4 ++ bier.s ! NPCase geben.c2 - } in - {s = geben.s ; - s2 = geben.s2 ; - s3 = \\b,_ => let nicht = negation b in - variants { - nicht ++ zudir ++ dasbier ; - zudir ++ nicht ++ dasbier ; - zudir ++ dasbier ++ nicht - } ; - s4 = [] - } ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials are not inflected (we ignore comparison, and treat --- compared adverbials as separate expressions; this could be done another way). - - Adverb : Type = SS ; - - mkAdverb : Str -> Adverb = ss ; - --- This rule is the one that shows that we cannot glue the particle in the --- $s3$ field. - - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \spielt, gut -> - {s = spielt.s ; - s2 = spielt.s2 ; - s3 = \\n => spielt.s3 ! n ++ gut.s ; - s4 = spielt.s4 - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : Adverb -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \sehr, gut -> - {s = \\a => sehr.s ++ gut.s ! a ; - p = gut.p - } ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions, of which --- the case has to be specified. - - Prepos = {s : Str ; c : Case} ; - - prepPhrase : Prepos -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \auf,ihm -> - ss (auf.s ++ ihm.s ! NPCase auf.c) ; - - mkPrep : Str -> Case -> Prepos = \s,c -> - {s = s ; c = c} ; - --- This is a source of the "Mann mit einem Teleskop" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "Autos immer" (while "Autos heute" is OK). --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \haus,heute -> - {s = \\a, n, c => haus.s ! a ! n ! c ++ heute.s ; - g = haus.g} ; - - - ---2 Sentences --- --- Sentences depend on a *word order parameter* selecting between main clause, --- inverted, and subordinate clause. - - Sentence : Type = SS1 Order ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. It takes care of both --- word order and agreement. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = - \Ich,LiebeDichNichtAus -> - let { - ich = Ich.s ! NPCase Nom ; - liebe = LiebeDichNichtAus.s ! VInd Ich.n Ich.p ; - aus = LiebeDichNichtAus.s2 ; - dichnichtgut = LiebeDichNichtAus.s3 ! Ich.n ; - wennesregnet = LiebeDichNichtAus.s4 - } in - {s = table { - Main => ich ++ liebe ++ dichnichtgut ++ aus ++ wennesregnet ; - Inv => liebe ++ ich ++ dichnichtgut ++ aus ++ wennesregnet ; - Sub => ich ++ dichnichtgut ++ aus ++ liebe ++ wennesregnet - } - } ; - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. - - SentenceVerb : Type = Verb ; - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = \sage,duisst -> - sage ** { - s3 = \\b,_ => negation b ; - s4 = "," ++ "dass" ++ duisst.s ! Sub - } ; - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Verb-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- They can be auxiliaries ("können", "müssen") or ordinary verbs --- ("versuchen"); this distinction cannot be done in the multilingual --- API. The distinction shows in whether the infinitive particle "zu" is needed. - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \will, essen -> - will ** { - s3 = \\b,n => essen.s3 ! True ! n ++ negation b ++ - essen.s2 ++ zuInfinitive will.isAux ++ essen.s ! VInf ; - s4 = essen.s4 - } ; - - zuInfinitive : Bool -> Str = \isAux -> - if_then_Str isAux [] "zu" ; - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has the same relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase : Type = Sentence ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : Case} ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b, Ich, sehen -> - let { - ich = Ich.s ! NPCase Nom ; - sehe = sehen.s ! VInd Ich.n P3 ; - aus = sehen.s2 ; - nicht = negation b - } in - {s = table { - Main => ich ++ sehe ++ nicht ++ aus ; - Inv => sehe ++ ich ++ nicht ++ aus ; - Sub => ich ++ nicht ++ aus ++ sehe - } ; - s2 = sehen.s3 ; - c = sehen.c - } ; - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- --- Relative pronouns are inflected in --- gender, number, and case just like adjectives. - -oper - identRelPron : RelPron = relPron ; - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \wert, der -> - {s = \\gn,c => let {nu = numGenNum gn} in - artDef ! gNumber wert.g nu ! c ++ wert.s ! Weak ! nu ! c ++ - wert.s2 ++ der.s ! gn ! wert.c - } ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("der schläft") and --- slash expressions ("den ich sehe", "auf dem ich sitze"). - - RelClause : Type = {s : GenNum => Str} ; - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \der, geht -> - {s = \\gn => (predVerbPhrase (normalNounPhrase (der.s ! gn) (numGenNum gn)) - geht - ).s ! Sub - } ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \den, ichSehe -> - {s = \\gn => ichSehe.s2 ++ den.s ! gn ! ichSehe.c ++ ichSehe.s ! Sub - } ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "Zahl x derart, dass x gerade ist". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\_ => "derart" ++ "dass" ++ A.s ! Sub} ; - --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. A comma is used before the relative clause. - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = \mann,dergeht -> - {s = \\a,n,c => mann.s ! a ! n ! c ++ "," ++ dergeht.s ! gNumber mann.g n ; - g = mann.g - } ; - - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are --- noun-phrase-like. We use a simplified type, since we don't need the possessive --- forms. - - IntPron : Type = ProperName ** {n : Number} ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. - - funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = \wert, wer -> - let {n = wer.n} in - {s = \\c => - artDef ! gNumber wert.g n ! c ++ wert.s ! Weak ! n ! c ++ - wert.s2 ++ wer.s ! wert.c ; - n = n - } ; - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "welches Haus", "wer", "was". - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron = \n,cn -> - let {np = detNounPhrase (welchDet n) cn} in - {s = \\c => np.s ! NPCase c ; - n = np.n} ; - - intPronWho : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = caselist "wer" "wen" "wem" "weren" ; - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = caselist "was" "was" nonExist nonExist ; --- - n = num - } ; - - - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean whole phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! Main ++ ".") ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! DirQ ++ "?") ; - - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct ("bist du müde") or indirect --- ("ob du müde bist"). - -param - QuestForm = DirQ | IndirQ ; - -oper - Question = SS1 QuestForm ; - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are used both independently ("bist du müde") --- and after interrogative adverbials ("warum bist du müde"). --- It is economical to handle with these two cases by the one --- rule, $questVerbPhrase'$. The only difference is if "ob" appears --- in the indirect form. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - questVerbPhrase' False ; - - questVerbPhrase' : Bool -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \adv, du,gehst -> - let {dugehst = (predVerbPhrase du gehst).s} in - {s = table { - DirQ => dugehst ! Inv ; - IndirQ => (if_then_else Str adv [] "ob") ++ dugehst ! Sub - } - } ; - - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences, --- others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences. - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \Wer,geht -> - let {wer : NounPhrase = normalNounPhrase Wer.s Wer.n ; - wergeht : Sentence = predVerbPhrase wer geht - } in - {s = table { - DirQ => wergeht.s ! Main ; - IndirQ => wergeht.s ! Sub - } - } ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \wer, ichSehe -> - let {zuwen = ichSehe.s2 ++ wer.s ! ichSehe.c} in - {s = table { - DirQ => zuwen ++ ichSehe.s ! Inv ; - IndirQ => zuwen ++ ichSehe.s ! Sub - } - } ; - - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "wann", "war", "wie", "warum", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - - prepIntAdverb : Case -> Preposition -> IntPron -> IntAdverb =\ c,auf,wem -> - ss (auf ++ wem.s ! c) ; - --- A question adverbial can be applied to anything, and whether this makes --- sense is a semantic question. - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \wie, du, tust -> - {s = \\q => wie.s ++ (questVerbPhrase du tust).s ! q} ; - - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. No polite "Sie" form so far. - - Imperative = SS1 Number ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \komm -> - {s = \\n => komm.s ! VImp n ++ komm.s3 ! n ++ komm.s2 ++ komm.s4} ; - - imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I -> - ss (I.s ! n ++ "!") ; - ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "sonst", "deshalb", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase; the sentence gets inverted word order. - - advSentence : Adverb -> Sentence -> Utterance = \sonst,ist1gerade -> - ss (sonst.s ++ ist1gerade.s ! Inv ++ ".") ; - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("und", "oder") or distributed ("sowohl - als auch", "entweder - oder"). --- --- The conjunction has an inherent number, which is used when conjoining --- noun phrases: "John und Mary sind..." vs. "John oder Mary ist..."; in the --- case of "oder", the result is however plural if any of the disjuncts is. - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. - - ListSentence : Type = {s1,s2 : Order => Str} ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = - CO.twoTable Order ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consTable Order CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "du rauchst, er trinkt und ich esse". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctTable Order ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part (e.g. "entweder") in front of the first element, the second --- part ("oder") between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctDistrTable Order ; - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is a prefix adjective --- if and only if all elements are prefix. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable AForm x y ** {p = andB x.p y.p} ; - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable AForm CO.comma xs x ** {p = andB xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. --- The result is a pronoun if all components are. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person ; pro : Bool} ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable NPForm x y ** - {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; p = conjPerson x.p y.p ; pro = andB x.pro y.pro} ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable NPForm CO.comma xs x ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; p = conjPerson xs.p x.p ; pro = andB xs.pro x.pro} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable NPForm c xs ** - {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p ; pro = xs.pro} ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable NPForm c xs ** - {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; p = xs.p ; pro = xs.pro} ; - --- We have to define a calculus of numbers of persons. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - --- For persons, we go in the descending order: --- "ich und dich sind stark", "er oder du bist stark". --- This is not always quite clear. - - conjPerson : Person -> Person -> Person = \p,q -> case of { - => P3 ; - => P1 ; - <_,P1> => P1 ; - _ => P2 - } ; - - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("wenn", "falls", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentences, an imperatives, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. - - Subjunction = SS ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = \if, A, B -> - let {As = A.s ! Sub} in - {s = table { - Main => variants {if.s ++ As ++ "," ++ B.s ! Inv ; - B.s ! Main ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As} ; - o => B.s ! o ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As - } - } ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\n => subjunctVariants if A (B.s ! n)} ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = \if, A, B -> - {s = \\q => subjunctVariants if A (B.s ! q)} ; - --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. --- "wenn du rauchst, werde ish böse" --- and "ich werde böse, wenn du rauchst". - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Str -> Str = \if,A,B -> - let {As = A.s ! Sub} in - variants {if.s ++ As ++ "," ++ B ; B ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As} ; - --- Subjunctions can be used for building adverbials, which can modify verb phrases --- ("ich lache wenn ich gehe und singe wenn ich laufe"). , noun phrases, etc. --- For reasons of word order, we treat this separately from other adverbials, --- but this could be remedied by an extra parameter in adverbials. - - subjunctVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \ruft,wenn,ergeht -> - {s = ruft.s ; - s2 = ruft.s2 ; - s3 = ruft.s3 ; - s4 = ruft.s4 ++ "," ++ wenn.s ++ ergeht.s ! Sub - } ; - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \john -> - postfixSS "." (defaultNounPhrase john) ; - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,car -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n car) ; - --- Here are some default forms. - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \john -> - ss (john.s ! NPCase Nom) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \whoareyou -> - ss (whoareyou.s ! DirQ) ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! Main) ; - ---3 Puzzle --- --- Adding some lexicon, we can generate the sentence --- --- "der grösste alte Mann ist nicht ein Auto auf die Mutter von dem Männer warten" --- --- which looks completely ungrammatical! What you should do to decipher it is --- put parentheses around "auf die Mutter von dem". - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/TestResourceGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/TestResourceGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index aa24dc51d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/TestResourceGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,54 +0,0 @@ --- use this path to read the grammar from the same directory ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceGer of TestResource = StructuralGer ** open SyntaxGer in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - Big = adjCompReg3 "gross" "grösser" "grösst"; - Small = adjCompReg "klein" ; - Happy = adjCompReg "glücklich" ; - Old = adjCompReg3 "alt" "älter" "ältest"; - Young = adjCompReg3 "jung" "jünger" "jüngst"; - American = adjReg "Amerikanisch" ; - Finnish = adjReg "Finnisch" ; - Married = adjReg "verheiratet" ** {s2 = "mit" ; c = Dat} ; - Man = declN2u "Mann" "Männer" ; - Woman = declN1 "Frau" ; - Bottle = declN1e "Flasche" ; - Wine = declN2 "Wein" ; - Car = declNs "Auto" ; - House = declN3uS "Haus" "Häuser" ; - Light = declN3 "Licht" ; - Bar = declNs "Bar" ; - Walk = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "gehen" "ging" "ginge" "gegangen") ; - Run = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongLaufen "laufen" "läuft" "lief" "liefe" "gelaufen") ; - Say = mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "sagen") ; - Prove = mkVerbSimple (verbumGratulieren "beweisen") ; --without ge - Send = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "senden" "sandte" "sändte" "gesandt")) [] Acc; - Drink = transDir (mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "trinken" "trank" "tränke" "getrunken")) ; - Love = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "lieben")) [] Acc ; - Wait = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "warten")) "auf" Acc ; - Give = mkDitransVerb - (mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSehen "geben" "gibt" "gab" "gäbe" "gegeben")) [] Dat [] Acc ; - Prefer = mkDitransVerb - (mkVerb (verbumStrongSingen "ziehen" "zog" "zöge" "gezogen") "vor") [] Acc "vor" Dat ; - Mother = mkFunC (n2n (declN2uF "Mutter" "Mütter")) "von" Dat ; - Uncle = mkFunC (n2n (declN2i "Onkel")) "von" Dat ; - Connection = mkFunC (n2n (declN1 "Verbindung")) "von" Dat ** - {s3 = "nach" ; c2 = Dat} ; - - Always = mkAdverb "immer" ; - Well = mkAdverb "gut" ; - - SwitchOn = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbumWeak "schalten") "auf") [] Acc ; - SwitchOff = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbumWeak "schalten") "aus") [] Acc ; - - John = mkProperName "Johann" ; - Mary = mkProperName "Maria" ; - -} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/german/TypesGer.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/german/TypesGer.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c852192cc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/german/TypesGer.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,115 +0,0 @@ ---1 German Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for German morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of German. It is so far only --- complete w.r.t. the syntax part of the resource grammar. --- It does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. --- - -resource TypesGer = open Prelude in { - ---2 Enumerated parameter types --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. - -param - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Gender = Masc | Fem | Neut ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - Case = Nom | Acc | Dat | Gen ; - Adjf = Strong | Weak ; -- the main division in adjective declension - Order = Main | Inv | Sub ; -- word order: direct, indirect, subordinate - --- For abstraction and API compatibility, we define two synonyms: - -oper - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are mostly hierarchical. The alternative is cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this cannot be always used since it overgenerates. --- - ---3 Common nouns --- --- Common nouns are inflected in number and case and they have an inherent gender. - - CommNoun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - ---3 Pronouns --- --- Pronouns are an example - the worst-case one of noun phrases, --- which are properly defined in $syntax.Deu.gf$. --- Their inflection tables has, in addition to the normal genitive, --- the possessive forms, which are inflected like determiners. - -param - NPForm = NPCase Case | NPPoss GenNum Case ; - ---3 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives are a very complex class, and the full table has as many as --- 99 different forms. The major division is between the comparison degrees. --- There is no gender distinction in the plural, --- and the predicative forms ("X ist Adj") are not inflected. - -param - GenNum = GSg Gender | GPl ; - AForm = APred | AMod Adjf GenNum Case ; - -oper - Adjective : Type = {s : AForm => Str} ; - AdjComp : Type = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - --- Comparison of adjectives: - -param Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ; - ---3 Verbs --- --- We have a reduced conjugation with only the present tense infinitive, --- indicative, and imperative forms, and past participles. - -param VForm = VInf | - VInd Number Person | - VImp Number | - VSubj Number Person | - VImpfInd Number Person | - VImpfSubj Number Person | - VPresPart AForm | - VPart AForm ; - -{-- -param Tense = Pres | Impf ; - VInf | - VInd Tense Number Person | - VSubj Tense Number Person | - VImp Number | - VPresPart AForm | - VPart AForm ; ---} - -oper Verbum : Type = VForm => Str ; - --- On the general level, we have to account for composite verbs as well, --- such as "aus" + "sehen" etc. - - Particle = Str ; - - Verb = {s : Verbum ; s2 : Particle} ; - - ---2 Prepositions --- --- We define prepositions simply as strings. Thus we do not capture the --- contractions "vom", "ins", etc. To define them in GF grammar we would need --- to introduce a parameter system, which we postpone. - - Preposition = Str ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/index.html b/lib/resource-0.6/index.html deleted file mode 100644 index 64f9cd594..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/index.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,486 +0,0 @@ - - - - -
    - - -

    The GF Resource Grammar Library

    - - -Aarne Ranta -2002-2004 - -

    - -Version 0.6: source package. - -

    - -Current languages: English, Finnish, French, German, Italian, Russian, Swedish. - -

    - - -News.
    - -10/8/2004 This document updated as a revision of the -old resource page. - -
    - -13/4/2004 Version 0.6 written using the module system of GF 2. Also an -extended coverage. The files are placed in separate subdirectories (one -per language) and have different names than before, so that file names -(without the extension .gf) are also legal module names. -     - -

    - - -Notice. You need GF Version 2.0beta or later -to work with these resource grammars. -It is available from the -GF home page. - - - -

    - - -

    Introduction

    - -As programs in general can be divided into -
      -
    • application programs -
    • library programs -
    -GF grammars can be divided into -
      -
    • application grammars -
    • resource grammars -
    -An application grammar is typically built around -a semantic model, which is formalized as the abstract -syntax of the language. Concrete syntax defines -a mapping from the abstract syntax into English or -Swedish or some other language. - -

    - -A resource grammar is not based on semantics, but its -purpose is to define the linguistic "surface" structures -of some language. The availability of these structures makes it easier to -write application grammars. - -

    - -With resource grammars, we aim to achieve division of labour in -grammar writing: -

      -
    • application grammars are written by domain experts -
    • resource grammars are written by linguists -
    -By using resource grammars, experts of application domains can take -linguistic details for granted. For instance, to -express the linearization of the arithmetical predicate even -in French, she does not have to write -
    -  lin Even x = {s =
-      table {
-        m => x.s ++ 
-             table {Ind  => "est" ;  Subj => "soit"} ! m ++
-             table {Masc => "pair" ; Fem  => "paire"} ! x.g
-      }
-    } ;
-
    -but simply -
    -  lin Even = predA1 (adjReg "pair") ;
-
    -The author of the French resource grammar will have defined the -functions predAdj and adjReg in such a way that -they can be used in all applications. - -

    - -What is more, the resource grammar has a language-independent -API, which makes it possible to write the corresponding rule -for other languages in a very similar way. For instance, the -German rule is -

    -  lin Even = predA1 (adjReg "gerade") ;
-
    - - - -

    Coverage

    - -The ultimate goal of the resource grammar library is a full coverage of the linguistic -structures of each language. As of Version 0.6, we still have some way -to go to reach that goal. But we do have -
      -
    • fairly complete sets of inflection paradigms for each language -
    • a representative fragment of syntax covering present-tense -indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentence. -
    • lexica of structural words such as pronouns, articles, conjunctions. -
    - - -

    Demo

    - -To get an idea of the coverage of the resource library, and also -to help finding the right functions for your applications, you -can do -
    -  make test
-  jgf TestAll.gfcm
-
    -This opens the syntax editor with all the seven resource grammars -extended with a small lexicon. - - - - -

    Programmer's view on resource grammars

    - -The resource grammar library a hierarchical structure. Its main layers are -
      -
    • The language-dependent core resources, to be described below. -
    • The language-independent core resource API, - Combinations.gf. - Structural.gf. -
    • The derived resource libraries, some of which are - language-dependent, some of which aren't. The most important - ones are the language-dependent lexical paradigm modules - ParadigmsX.gf. -
    -The core resources should not be needed by application grammarians: it should -be enough to use the core resource API and the derived libraries. If -this is not the case, the best solution is to extend the derived resource -libraries or create new ones. - - - -

    Grammaticality guarantee via data abstraction

    - -An important principle is that -
      -
    • the core resource API and the derived resource libraries guarantee - that all type-correct uses of them preserve grammaticality. -
    -This principle is simultaneously a guidance for resource grammarians -and an argument for the application grammarian to use these libraries. -What we mean by "only using the libraries" is that -
      -
    • all lin and - lincat rules are built solely from library functions and - argument variables. -
    -Thus for instance no records, tables, selections or projections should appear -in the rules. What we have achieved then is total data abstraction, -and the grammaticality guarantee can be given. - -

    - -Since the resource grammars are work in progress, their coverage is not -yet sufficient for complete data abstraction. In addition, there may of course -be bugs in the resource grammars that destroy grammaticality. The GF group is -grateful for bug reports, requests, and contributions! - -

    - -The most important exception to total data abstraction in practice is the -incompleteness of resource lexica. Since it is impossible to have -full coverage of all the words in a language, users often have to introduce -their own lexical entries, and thereby use literal strings in their GF code. -The safest and most convenient way of using this is via functions -defined in ParadigmsX.gf files. Using these functions guarantees -that the lexical entries created are type-correct. But nothing guards -against misspelling a word, picking a wrong inflectional pattern, or -a wrong inherent feature (such as gender). - - - -

    The resource grammar documentation in gfdoc

    - -All documented GF grammars linked from this page -have been written in GF and then translated to HTML -using a light-weight documentation tool, -gfdoc. The tool is available as a part of the GF -source code package, in the Haskell file -util/GFDoc.hs that can be run in the Hugs interpreter -by the script util/gfdoc. The program also has the -flag +latex, which produces output in Latex instead of -HTML. - - - -

    The core resource API

    - -The API is divided into two modules, Combiantions and -its extension Structural. - -

    - -The file Combinations.gf -gives the core resource type signatures of phrasal categories and -syntactic combination rules, together with some explanations -and examples. The examples are so far only in English, but their -equivalents are available in all of the languages for which the -API has been implemented. - -

    - -The file Structurals.gf -gives a list of structural words such as determiners, pronouns, -prepositions, and conjunctions. - -

    - -The file Structural.gf cannot be imported directly, but -via the generated files ResourceX.gf for each language X. -In these files, the fun/lin and cat/lincat judgements have been -translated into oper judgements. - - - -

    The lexical paradigm modules

    - -The lexical paradigm modules define, for -each lexical category, a worst-case macro for adding words -of that category by giving a sufficient number of characteristic -forms. In addition, the most common regular paradigms are -included, where it is enough just to give one form to generate -all the others. - -

    - -For example, the English paradigm module has the worst-case macro for nouns, -

    -  mkN : (man,men,man's,men's : Str) -> Gender -> N ;
-
    -taking four forms and a gender (human or nonhuman, -as is also explained in the module). Its application -
    -  mkN "mouse" "mice" "mouse's" "mice's" nonhuman
-
    -defines all information that is needed for the noun mouse. -There are also some regular patterns, for instance, -
    -  nReg  : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- dog, dogs
-  nKiss : Str -> Gender -> N ;   -- kiss, kisses
-
    -examples of which are -
    -  nReg "car" nonhuman
-  nKiss "waitress" human
-
    - -

    - -Here are the documented versions of the paradigm modules: -

    - - -

    The derived resource libraries

    - -The core resource grammar is minimal in the sense that it defines the -smallest syntactic combinations and has no redundancy. For applications, it -is usually more convenient to use combinations of the minimal rules. -Some such combinations are given in the predication library, -which defines the simultaneous applications of one- and two-place -verbs and adjectives to all their argument noun phrases. It also -defines some other constructions useful for logical and mathematical -applications. - -

    - -The API of the predication library is in the file -Predication.gf. -What is imported is one of the language-dependent files, -X/PredicationX.gf for each language X. - - - - -

    Linguist's view on resource grammars

    - -

    GF and other grammar formalisms

    - -Linguists in particular might be interested in resource -grammars for their own sake, not as basis of applications. -Since few linguists are so far familiar with GF, we refer to the -GF Homepage -and especially to the -GF Tutorial. -What comes here is a brief summary of the relation of GF to -other record-based formalisms. - -

    - -The records of GF are much like feature structures in PATR or HPSG. -The main differences are that -

      -
    • GF has a type system inherited from -functional programming languages; -
    • GF records are primarily obtained as linearizations of trees, not -as parses of strings. -
    -The latter difference explains why a GF record typically carries more -information than a feature structure. For instance, the record describing -the French noun cheval is -
    -  {s = table {Sg => "cheval" ; Pl => "chevaux"} ; g = Masc} ;
-
    -showing the full inflection table of the (abstract) noun cheval. -A PATR record -for the French word cheval would be -
    -  {s = "cheval" ; n = Sg ; g = Masc} ;
-
    -showing just the information that can be gathered from the (concrete) -string cheval. -There is a rather straightforward sense in which the PATR record is an -instance of the GF record. - -

    - -When generating language from syntax trees (or from logical formulas via -syntax trees), the record containing full inflection tables is an efficient -(linear-time) method of producing the correct forms. -This is important when text is generated in real time in -an interactive system. - - - -

    The structure of core resource grammars

    - -As explained above, the application grammarian's view on resource grammars -is through API modules. They are collections of type signatures of functions. -It is the task of linguists to define these functions. -The definitions are in the end given -in the core resource grammars. - -

    - -We have divided the core resource grammar for each language X -into the following parts: -

      -
    • Type system: TypesX.gf -
    • Morphology: MorphoX.gf -
    • Syntax: SyntaxX.gf -
    -To get the most powerful resource grammar for each language, one can use -these files directly. - -

    - -However, the languages we have studied have so much in common -that we have gathered a considerable set of categories and rules -in a multilingual resource grammar. Its parts are -

      -
    • Abstract syntax: Resource.gf -
    • Language-dependent concrete syntax: ResourceX.gf for - each language. -
    -The advantage of using this API in application grammars is that -their concrete syntax looks the same for all languages -up to non-structural words. Thus it is possible to produce concrete syntaxes -for new languages without knowing almost anything about them. -The abstract syntax serves as a common API to the core resource grammar. - - -

    The code for the core resource grammars

    - -Each language has its resource code in a separate directory. -You can view the code as it is, or download it and run gfdoc -on each file. - - - -

    Compiling and using the resource

    - -To compile the resource into reusable operations, for all languages, type -
    -  make
-
    -in the resource/ directory. -This requires that you have a recent version of GF (>= 2.0). -What you get is a set of files with names ResourceX.gfr, -ResourceX.gfc, ParadigmsX.gfr, and ParadigmsX.gfc. -You need never consult any of these files, -but only look into the documentation. - - - -

    Examples of using the resource grammars

    - -

    A test suite

    - -The grammars TestResourceX.gf define a few expressions of each -lexical category and make it possible to test linearization, parsing, -random generation, and editing. - - -

    A database query language

    - -The grammars - -database/(Database | Restaurant)X.gf -make use of the resource. The RestaurantX.gf -grammars are just one possible application building on the generic -DatabaseX.gf grammars. -Notice that the -DatabaseX gramamrs are defined as instantiations of -the parametrized module DatabaseI. - - -

    Functional morphology

    - -Even though GF is a useful language for describing syntax and semantics, it -is not the optimal choice for morphology. -One reason is the absence of low-level -programming, such as string matching. Another reason is efficiency. -In connection with the resource grammar project, we have started another -project, -functional morphology, -which uses Haskell to implement -morphology. Haskell morphologies can then be used for generating -GF morphologies. - - -

    Further reading

    - - -Slides on modular grammar engineering. - - - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/CombinationsIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/CombinationsIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 1f1328779..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/CombinationsIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete CombinationsIta of Combinations = - CombinationsRomance with (SyntaxRomance=SyntaxIta) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/MorphoIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/MorphoIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a8440dfc2..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/MorphoIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,303 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../../prelude - ---1 A Simple Italian Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002--2003 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns. --- The patterns for verbs contain the complete "Bescherelle" conjugation --- tables. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $TypesIta.gf$. - -resource MorphoIta = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, TypesIta in { - ---2 Some phonology --- ---3 Elision --- --- The phonological rule of *elision* can be defined as follows in GF. --- In Italian it includes both vowels and the *impure 's'*. - -oper - vocale : Strs = strs { - "a" ; "e" ; "h" ; "i" ; "o" ; "u" - } ; - - sImpuro : Strs = strs { - "z" ; "sb" ; "sc" ; "sd" ; "sf" ; "sm" ; "sp" ; "sq" ; "sr" ; "st" ; "sv" - } ; - - elision : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Str = \il, l', lo -> - pre {il ; l' / vocale ; lo / sImpuro} ; - - elisQue = "che" ; --- no elision in Italian - elisDe = "de" ; - ---2 Nouns --- --- The following macro is useful for creating the forms of number-dependent --- tables, such as common nouns. - - numForms : (_,_ : Str) -> Number => Str = \vino, vini -> - table {Sg => vino ; Pl => vini} ; - --- For example: - - nomVino : Str -> Number => Str = \vino -> let {vin = Predef.tk 1 vino} in - numForms vino (vin + "i") ; - - nomRana : Str -> Number => Str = \rana -> let {ran = Predef.tk 1 rana} in - numForms rana (ran + "e") ; - - nomSale : Str -> Number => Str = \sale -> let {sal = Predef.tk 1 sale} in - numForms sale (sal + "i") ; - - nomTram : Str -> Number => Str = \tram -> - numForms tram tram ; - --- Common nouns are inflected in number and have an inherent gender. - - mkCNom : (Number => Str) -> Gender -> CNom = \mecmecs,gen -> - {s = mecmecs ; g = gen} ; - - mkCNomIrreg : Str -> Str -> Gender -> CNom = \mec,mecs -> - mkCNom (numForms mec mecs) ; - - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives are conveniently seen as gender-dependent nouns. --- Here are some patterns. First one that describes the worst case. - - mkAdj : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj = \solo,sola,soli,sole,solamente -> - {s = table { - AF Masc n => numForms solo soli ! n ; - AF Fem n => numForms sola sole ! n ; - AA => solamente - } - } ; - --- Then the regular and invariant patterns. - - adjSolo : Str -> Adj = \solo -> - let - sol = Predef.tk 1 solo - in - mkAdj solo (sol + "a") (sol + "i") (sol + "e") (sol + "amente") ; - - adjTale : Str -> Adj = \tale -> - let - tal = Predef.tk 1 tale ; - tali = tal + "i" ; - tala = if_then_Str (pbool2bool (Predef.occur (Predef.dp 1 tal) "lr")) tal tale - in - mkAdj tale tale tali tali (tala + "mente") ; - - adjBlu : Str -> Adj = \blu -> - mkAdj blu blu blu blu blu ; --- - - ---2 Personal pronouns --- --- All the eight personal pronouns can be built by the following macro. --- The use of "ne" as atonic genitive is debatable. --- We follow the rule that the atonic nominative is empty. - - mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> - PronGen -> Number -> Person -> ClitType -> Pronoun = - \il,le,lui,Lui,son,sa,ses,see,g,n,p,c -> - {s = table { - Ton Nom => il ; - Ton x => prepCase x ++ Lui ; - Aton Nom => il ; ---- [] ; - Aton Acc => le ; - Aton (CPrep P_di) => "ne" ; --- hmm - Aton (CPrep P_a) => lui ; - Aton (CPrep q) => strPrep q ++ Lui ; ---- GF bug with c or p! - Poss Sg Masc => son ; - Poss Sg Fem => sa ; - Poss Pl Masc => ses ; - Poss Pl Fem => see - } ; - g = g ; - n = n ; - p = p ; - c = c - } ; - - ---2 Reflexive pronouns --- --- It is simply a function depending on number and person. - - pronRefl : Number -> Person -> Str = \n,p -> case of { - => "mi" ; - => "ti" ; - <_, P3> => "si" ; - => "ci" ; - => "vi" - } ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners, traditionally called indefinite pronouns, are inflected --- in gender and number, like adjectives. - - pronForms : Adj -> Gender -> Number -> Str = \tale,g,n -> tale.s ! AF g n ; - - qualPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = pronForms (adjTale "quale") ; - - talPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = pronForms (adjTale "tale") ; - - tuttoPron : Gender -> Number -> Str = pronForms (adjSolo "tutto") ; - ---2 Articles --- --- The definite article has quite some variation: three parameters and --- elision. This is the simples definition we have been able to find. - - artDefTable : Gender => Number => Case => Str = \\g,n,c => case of { - <_, _, CPrep P_di> => prepArt g n "de" ; - <_, _, CPrep P_da> => prepArt g n "da" ; - <_, _, CPrep P_a> => prepArt g n "a" ; - <_, _, CPrep P_in> => prepArt g n "ne" ; - <_, _, CPrep P_su> => prepArt g n "su" ; - <_, _, CPrep P_con> => prepArt g n "co" ; - => elision "il" "l'" "lo" ; - => elision "il" "l'" "lo" ; - - => elision "la" "l'" "la" ; - => elision "i" "gli" "gli" ; - => "le" - } ; - --- This auxiliary expresses the uniform rule. - - prepArt : Gender -> Number -> Tok -> Tok = \g,n,de -> case of { - => elision (de + "l") (de + "ll'") (de + "llo") ; - => elision (de + "i") (de + "gli") (de + "gli") ; - => elision (de + "lla") (de + "ll'") (de + "lla") ; - => de + "lle" - } ; - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 The present tense --- --- We first define some macros for the special case of present tense. --- --- The verb "essere" is often used in syntax. - - verbEssere = verbPres essere ; - --- We very often form the verb stem by dropping out the infinitive ending. - - troncVerb : Tok -> Tok = Predef.tk 3 ; - -oper mkVerbPres : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> VerbPres = - \veng, viene, ven, venite, vengono, venga, vieni, venire, venuto -> - let - vien = Predef.tk 1 vieni ; - venut = (adjSolo venuto).s - in - {s = table { - VFin Ind Sg P1 => veng + "o" ; - VFin Ind Sg P2 => vien + "i" ; - VFin Ind Sg P3 => viene ; - VFin Ind Pl P1 => ven + "iamo" ; - VFin Ind Pl P2 => venite ; - VFin Ind Pl P3 => vengono ; - VFin Con Sg _ => venga ; - VFin Con Pl P1 => ven + "iamo" ; - VFin Con Pl P2 => ven + "iate" ; - VFin Con Pl P3 => venga + "no" ; - VImper SgP2 => vieni ; - VImper PlP1 => ven + "iamo" ; - VImper PlP2 => venite ; - VInfin => venire ; - VPart g n => venut ! AF g n - } - } ; - --- The four main conjugations. - - verbAmare : Str -> VerbPres = \amare -> - let {am = troncVerb amare ; ama = am + "a"} in - mkVerbPres - am ama am (ama + "te") (ama + "no") - (am+"i") ama amare (ama + "to") ; - - verbDormire : Str -> VerbPres = \dormire -> - let {dorm = troncVerb dormire} in - mkVerbPres - dorm (dorm + "e") dorm (dorm + "ite") (dorm + "ino") (dorm+"a") - (dorm + "i") dormire (dorm + "ito") ; - - verbFinire : Str -> VerbPres = \finire -> - let {fin = troncVerb finire ; fini = fin + "i" ; finisc = fini + "sc"} in - mkVerbPres - finisc (finisc + "e") fin (fini + "te") (finisc + "ono") - (finisc + "a") (finisc + "i") finire (fini + "to") ; - - verbCorrere : Str -> Str -> VerbPres = \correre,corso -> - let {corr = troncVerb correre ; corre = corr + "e"} in - mkVerbPres corr corre corr (corre + "te") (corr + "ono") (corr+"a") (corr+"i") - correre corso ; - --- Some irregular verbs. - - verbPresSpegnere : VerbPres = - mkVerbPres "speng" "spegne" "spegn" "spegnete" "spengono" - "spenga" "spegni" "spegnere" "spento" ; - - verbPresDire : VerbPres = - mkVerbPres "dic" "dice" "dic" "dite" "dicono" - "dica" "di" "dire" "detto" ; - - -essere = {s = table { - Inf => "essere" ; - Indi Pres Sg P1 => "sono" ; - Indi Pres Sg P2 => "sei" ; - Indi Pres Sg P3 => "è" ; - Indi Pres Pl P1 => "siamo" ; - Indi Pres Pl P2 => "siete" ; - Indi Pres Pl P3 => "sono" ; - Cong Pres Sg P1 => "sia" ; - Cong Pres Sg P2 => "sia" ; - Cong Pres Sg P3 => "sia" ; - Cong Pres Pl P1 => "siamo" ; - Cong Pres Pl P2 => "siate" ; - Cong Pres Pl P3 => "siano" ; - Imper SgP2 => "sii" ; - Imper PlP1 => "siamo" ; - Imper PlP2 => "siate" ; - _ => "essere" --- we just don't care - }} ; - - - avere = {s = table { - Inf => "avere" ; - Indi Pres Sg P1 => "ho" ; - Indi Pres Sg P2 => "hai" ; - Indi Pres Sg P3 => "ha" ; - Indi Pres Pl P1 => "abbiamo" ; - Indi Pres Pl P2 => "avete" ; - Indi Pres Pl P3 => "hanno" ; - Cong Pres Sg P1 => "abbia" ; - Cong Pres Sg P2 => "abbia" ; - Cong Pres Sg P3 => "abbia" ; - Cong Pres Pl P1 => "abbiamo" ; - Cong Pres Pl P2 => "abbiate" ; - Cong Pres Pl P3 => "abbiano" ; - Imper SgP2 => "abbi" ; - Imper PlP1 => "abbiamo" ; - Imper PlP2 => "abbiate" ; - _ => "avere" --- we just don't care - }} ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ebf2d0500..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ParadigmsIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,245 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 Italian Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $resource.Abs.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoIta.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string --- arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsIta = - open Prelude, (Types = TypesIta), SyntaxIta, MorphoIta, - ResourceIta in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Bool : Type ; - Gender : Type ; - - masculine : Gender ; - feminine : Gender ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. (Except for --- some pronouns, the accusative is equal to the nominative, the --- dative is formed by the preposition "a", and the genitive by the --- preposition "di".) - - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - accusative : Case ; - dative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - - prep_a : Case ; - prep_di : Case ; - prep_da : Case ; - prep_in : Case ; - prep_su : Case ; - prep_con : Case ; - - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: two forms (singular + plural), --- and the gender. - - mkN : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N ; -- uomo, uomini, masculine - --- Often it is enough with one form. If it ends with --- "o" or "a", no gender is needed; if with something else, --- the gender must be given. - - nVino : Str -> N ; -- vino (, vini, masculine) - nRana : Str -> N ; -- rana (, rane, feminine) - nSale : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- sale (, sali), masculine - nTram : Str -> Gender -> N ; -- tram (, tram), masculine - --- Nouns used as functions need a case and a preposition. The most common is "di". --- Recall that the prepositions "a", "di", "da", "in", "su", "con" are treated --- as part of the case (cf. above). - - funPrep : N -> Preposition -> Fun ; - funCase : N -> Case -> Fun ; - funDi : N -> Fun ; - --- Proper names, with their gender. - - mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ; -- Giovanni, masculine - --- On the top level, it is maybe $CN$ that is used rather than $N$, and --- $NP$ rather than $PN$. - - mkCN : N -> CN ; - mkNP : Str -> Gender -> NP ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives need four forms in the worst case. --- A parameter tells if they are pre- or postpositions in modification. - - Position : Type ; - prepos : Position ; - postpos : Position ; - - mkAdj1 : (solo,sola,soli,sole,solamente : Str) -> Position -> Adj1 ; - --- Adjectives ending with "o" and "e", and invariable adjectives, --- are the most important regular patterns. - - adj1Solo : (solo : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ; - adj1Tale : (tale : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ; - adj1Blu : (blu : Str) -> Bool -> Adj1 ; - - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. - - mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Preposition -> Case -> Adj2 ; -- divisibile per - --- Comparison adjectives may need two adjectives, corresponding to the --- positive and other forms. - - mkAdjDeg : (buono, migliore : Adj1) -> AdjDeg ; - --- In the completely regular case, the comparison forms are constructed by --- the particle "più". - - aSolo : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ; -- lento (, più lento) - aTale : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ; -- grave (, più grave) - aBlu : Str -> Position -> AdjDeg ; -- blu (, più blu) - --- On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. - - apSolo : Str -> Position -> AP ; - apTale : Str -> Position -> AP ; - apBlu : Str -> Position -> AP ; - - ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment only has present tense so far, but in all persons. --- The worst case needs nine forms (and is not very user-friendly). - - mkV : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; - --- These are examples of standard conjugations. Other conjugations --- can be extracted from the Italian functional morphology, which has full --- "Bescherelle" tables. - - vAmare : Str -> V ; - vDormire : Str -> V ; - vFinire : Str -> V ; - vCorrere : (_,_ : Str) -> V ; - --- The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. - - vEssere : V ; - vAvere : V ; - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that --- a particle can be included in a $V$. - - mkTV : V -> Preposition -> Case -> TV ; - tvDir : V -> TV ; - --- The idiom with "avere" and an invariable noun, such as "paura", "fame", --- and a two-place variant with "di" + complement. - - averCosa : Str -> V ; - averCosaDi : Str -> TV ; - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - Bool = Prelude.Bool ; - Gender = SyntaxIta.Gender ; - Case = SyntaxIta.Case ; - Number = SyntaxIta.Number ; - - masculine = Masc ; - feminine = Fem ; - nominative = Types.nominative ; - accusative = Types.accusative ; - genitive = Types.genitive ; - dative = Types.dative ; - - singular = Types.singular ; - plural = Types.plural ; - prep_a = Types.CPrep P_a ; - prep_di = Types.CPrep Types.P_di ; - prep_da = Types.CPrep Types.P_da ; - prep_in = Types.CPrep Types.P_in ; - prep_su = Types.CPrep Types.P_su ; - prep_con = Types.CPrep Types.P_con ; - - singular = Types.singular ; - plural = Types.plural ; - - mkN a b g = mkCNomIrreg a b g ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - nVino = \vino -> mkCNom (nomVino vino) masculine ** {lock_N = <>} ; - nRana = \rana -> mkCNom (nomRana rana) feminine ** {lock_N = <>} ; - nSale = \sale,g -> mkCNom (nomSale sale) g ** {lock_N = <>} ; - nTram = \tram,g -> mkCNom (nomTram tram) g ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - funPrep = \n,p -> n ** complement p ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funCase = \n,p -> n ** complementCas p ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funDi a = funGen a ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - mkPN s g = mkProperName s g ** {lock_PN = <>} ; - mkCN = UseN ; - mkNP s g = UsePN (mkPN s g) ; - - Position = Bool ; - prepos = adjPre ; - postpos = adjPost ; - mkAdj1 = \x,y,z,u,v,p -> mkAdjective (mkAdj x y z u v) p ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adj1Solo = \a,p -> mkAdjective (adjSolo a) p ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adj1Tale = \a,p -> mkAdjective (adjTale a) p ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adj1Blu = \a,p -> mkAdjective (adjBlu a) p ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - mkAdj2 = \a,p,c -> mkAdjCompl a postpos {s2 = p ; c = c} ** {lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - mkAdjDeg = \b,m -> mkAdjDegr (mkAdjComp b.s m.s) b.p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aSolo = \a,p -> mkAdjDegrLong (adjSolo a) p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aTale = \a,p -> mkAdjDegrLong (adjTale a) p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - aBlu = \a,p -> mkAdjDegrLong (adjBlu a) p ** {lock_AdjDeg = <>} ; - apSolo a p = adj1Solo a p ** {lock_AP = <>} ; - apTale a p = adj1Tale a p ** {lock_AP = <>} ; - apBlu a p = adj1Blu a p ** {lock_AP = <>} ; - - mkV a b c d e f g h i = mkVerbPres a b c d e f g h i ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vAmare x = verbAmare x ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vDormire x = verbDormire x ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vFinire x = verbFinire x ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vCorrere x y = verbCorrere x y ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vEssere = verbEssere ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vAvere = verbPres avere ** {lock_V = <>} ; - mkTV a b c = mkTransVerb a b c ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - tvDir c = mkTransVerbDir c ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - - averCosa = \fame -> - {s = let {aver = vAvere.s} in \\v => aver ! v ++ fame} ** {lock_V = <>} ; - averCosaDi = \fame -> mkTV (averCosa fame) [] prep_di ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/PredicationIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/PredicationIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 60fa06cc9..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/PredicationIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../romance:../../prelude - -resource PredicationIta = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceIta), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtIta) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceExtIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceExtIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7697253d4..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceExtIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../romance:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtIta = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceIta) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 24b3c15f9..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/ResourceIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceIta of Resource = reuse StructuralIta ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/StructuralIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/StructuralIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 14660b1c6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/StructuralIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,115 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete StructuralIta of Structural = CombinationsIta ** - open SyntaxIta, MorphoIta, Prelude in { - -lin - INP = pronNounPhrase pronJe ; - ThouNP = pronNounPhrase pronTu ; - HeNP = pronNounPhrase pronIl ; - SheNP = pronNounPhrase pronElle ; - WeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronNous n) ; - YeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum pronVous n) ; - YouNP = pronNounPhrase pronVous ; - TheyNP = pronNounPhrase pronIls ; - --- Here is a point where the API is really inadequate for French, --- which distinguishes between masculine and feminine "they". --- The following solution is not attractive. - ---- TheyNP = pronNounPhrase (variants {pronIls ; pronElles}) ; - - ThisNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["questo"] Masc ; - ThatNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["quello"] Masc ; - TheseNumNP n = mkNameNounPhrase ("questi" ++ n.s ! Masc) Masc ; - ThoseNumNP n = mkNameNounPhrase ("quelli" ++ n.s ! Masc) Masc ; - - ItNP = pronNounPhrase pronIl ; - - EveryDet = chaqueDet ; - AllMassDet = mkDeterminer singular "tutto" "tutta" ; - AllNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural ["tutti i"] ["tutte le"] ; --- gli - WhichDet = quelDet ; - WhichNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "quali" "quali" ; - MostsDet = plupartDet ; - MostDet = mkDeterminer1 singular (["la maggior parte"] ++ elisDe) ; --- de - SomeDet = mkDeterminer1 singular "qualche" ; - SomeNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "alcuni" "alcune" ; - NoDet = mkDeterminer singular "nessuno" "nessuna" ; --- non - NoNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "nessuni" "nessune" ; ---- ?? - AnyDet = mkDeterminer1 singular "qualche" ; --- - AnyNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "alcuni" "alcune" ; --- - ManyDet = mkDeterminer plural "molti" "molte" ; - MuchDet = mkDeterminer1 singular "molto" ; - ThisDet = mkDeterminer singular "questo" "questa" ; - ThatDet = mkDeterminer singular "quello" "quella" ; - TheseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "questi" "queste" ; --- ci - ThoseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum plural "quelli" "quelle" ; --- quegli - - HowIAdv = commentAdv ; - WhenIAdv = quandAdv ; - WhereIAdv = ouAdv ; - WhyIAdv = pourquoiAdv ; - - AndConj = etConj ; - OrConj = ouConj ; - BothAnd = etetConj ; - EitherOr = ououConj ; - NeitherNor = niniConj ; --- requires ne ! - IfSubj = siSubj ; - WhenSubj = quandSubj ; - - PhrYes = ouiPhr ; - PhrNo = nonPhr ; --- and also Si! - - VeryAdv = ss "molto" ; - TooAdv = ss "troppo" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "altramente" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "quindi" ; - - EverybodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["tutti"] Masc ; - SomebodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["qualcuno"] Masc ; - NobodyNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["nessuno"] Masc ; --- ne - EverythingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["tutto"] Masc ; - SomethingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["qualche cosa"] Masc ; - NothingNP = mkNameNounPhrase ["niente"] Masc ; --- ne - - CanVV = mkVerbVerbDir (mkVerbPres - "poss" "può" "poss" "potete" "possono" "possa" "puoi" "potere" "potuto") ; - CanKnowVV = mkVerbVerbDir (mkVerbPres - "s" "sa" "sapp" "sapete" "sanno" "sappia" "sai" "sapere" "saputo") ; - MustVV = mkVerbVerbDir (mkVerbPres - "dev" "deve" "dobb" "dovete" "devono" "debba" "devi" "dovere" "dovuto") ; - WantVV = mkVerbVerbDir (mkVerbPres - "vogli" "vuole" "vogl" "volete" "vogliono" "voglia" "vuoi" "volere" "voluto") ; - - EverywhereNP = ss "dappertutto" ; - SomewhereNP = ss ["qualche parte"] ; --- ne - pas - NowhereNP = ss ["nessun parte"] ; - - AlthoughSubj = ss "benché" ** {m = Con} ; - - AlmostAdv = ss "quasi" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "assai" ; - - InPrep = justCase (CPrep P_in) ; - OnPrep = justCase (CPrep P_su) ; - ToPrep = justCase dative ; --- - ThroughPrep = justPrep "per" ; - AbovePrep = justPrep "sopra" ; - UnderPrep = justPrep "sotto" ; - InFrontPrep = justPrep "davanti" ; - BehindPrep = justPrep "dietro" ; - BetweenPrep = justPrep "tra" ; - FromPrep = justCase (CPrep P_da) ; - BeforePrep = justPrep "prima" ; - DuringPrep = justPrep "durante" ; - AfterPrep = justPrep "dopo" ; - WithPrep = justCase (CPrep P_con) ; - WithoutPrep = justPrep "senza" ; - ByMeansPrep = justPrep "per" ; - PossessPrep = justCase genitive ; - PartPrep = justCase genitive ; --- - AgentPrep = justCase (CPrep P_da) ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/SyntaxIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/SyntaxIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 750b36278..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/SyntaxIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,313 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../../prelude - -instance SyntaxIta of SyntaxRomance = - TypesIta ** open Prelude, (CO=Coordination), MorphoIta in { -oper - nameNounPhrase = \jean -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => prepCase c ++ jean.s) - jean.g - Sg ; - - nounPhraseOn = mkNameNounPhrase "si" Masc ; --- can be plural dep. on object - - partitiveNounPhrase = \n,vino -> - normalNounPhrase - (table { - CPrep P_di => elisDe ++ vino.s ! n ; - c => prepCase c ++ artDef vino.g n (CPrep P_di) ++ vino.s ! n - } - ) - vino.g - n ; - - chaqueDet = mkDeterminer1 Sg "ogni" ; - tousDet = mkDeterminer Pl ["tutti i"] ["tutte le"] ; --- gli - plupartDet = mkDeterminer1 Pl ["la maggior parte di"] ; --- dei, degli, delle - unDet = mkDeterminer Sg artUno artUna ; - plDet = mkDeterminer1 Pl [] ; --- dei, degli, delle - - quelDet = mkDeterminer1 Sg "quale" ; - - npGenPoss = \n,ton,mec -> - \\c => artDef mec.g n c ++ ton.s ! Poss n mec.g ++ mec.s ! n ; --- mia madre - - npGenPossNum = \nu,ton,mec -> - \\c => artDef mec.g Pl c ++ ton.s ! Poss Pl mec.g ++ nu.s ! mec.g ++ mec.s ! Pl ; - - existNounPhrase = \delvino -> { - s = \\m => - case m of { - Ind => case delvino.n of {Sg => "c'è" ; Pl => ["ci sono"]} ; - Con => case delvino.n of {Sg => ["ci sia"] ; Pl => ["ci siano"]} - } ++ delvino.s ! stressed accusative --- ce ne sono ; have to define "ci" - } ; - - mkAdjSolo : Str -> Bool -> Adjective = \adj,p -> - mkAdjective (adjSolo adj) p ; - - mkAdjTale : Str -> Bool -> Adjective = \adj,p -> - mkAdjective (adjTale adj) p ; - - mkAdjDegrSolo : Str -> Bool -> AdjDegr = \adj,p -> - mkAdjDegrLong (adjSolo adj) p ; - - mkAdjDegrTale : Str -> Bool -> AdjDegr = \adj,p -> - mkAdjDegrLong (adjTale adj) p ; - - comparConj = variants {"di" ; "che"} ; - --- The commonest case for functions is common noun + "di". - - funGen : CommNounPhrase -> Function = \mere -> - mere ** complementCas genitive ; - --- Chains of "cui" - "cui" do not arise. - - funRelPron = \mere,lequel -> - {s = table { - RComplex g n c => variants { - case mere.c of { - CPrep P_di => artDef mere.g n c ++ - lequel.s ! RSimple dative ++ mere.s ! n ; - _ => nonExist} ; - artDef mere.g n c ++ mere.s ! n ++ - mere.s2 ++ lequel.s ! RComplex g n mere.c - } ; - _ => nonExist - } ; - g = RG mere.g - } ; - --- Verbs - - negVerb = \va -> "non" ++ va ; - - copula = \b -> \\v => (if_then_else Str b [] "non") ++ verbEssere.s ! v ; - - isTransVerbClit = \v -> case v.c of { - Acc => True ; - CPrep P_a => True ; -- dative - _ => False - } ; - --- The negation of a verb. - - posNeg = \b,v,c -> - if_then_else Str b - (v ++ c) - ("non" ++ v ++ c) ; - - embedConj = "che" ; - --- Relative pronouns - - identRelPron = { - s = table { - RSimple c => relPronForms ! c ; - RComplex g n c => composRelPron g n c - } ; - g = RNoGen - } ; - - suchPron = talPron ; - - composRelPron = ilqualPron ; - - allRelForms = \lequel,g,n,c -> - variants { - lequel.s ! RSimple c ; - lequel.s ! RComplex g n c - } ; - --- Interrogative pronouns - - nounIntPron = \n, mec -> - {s = \\c => prepCase c ++ qualPron mec.g n ++ mec.s ! n ; - g = mec.g ; - n = n - } ; - - intPronWho = \num -> { - s = \\c => prepCase c ++ "chi" ; - g = Masc ; --- can we decide this? - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat = \num -> { - s = table { - c => prepCase c ++ "che" ++ optStr "cosa" - } ; - g = Masc ; --- can we decide this? - n = num - } ; - --- Questions - - questVerbPhrase = \jean,dort -> - {s = table { - DirQ => (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind ; - IndirQ => "se" ++ (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind - } - } ; - - existNounPhraseQuest = \delvino -> - let cedelvino = (existNounPhrase delvino).s ! Ind - in { - s = \\m => case m of {DirQ => [] ; _ => "se"} ++ cedelvino - } ; - - intVerbPhrase = \qui, dort -> - {s = table { - DirQ => qui.s ! Nom ++ - dort.s ! qui.g ! VFin Ind qui.n P3 ; - IndirQ => qui.s ! Nom ++ dort.s ! qui.g ! VFin Ind qui.n P3 - } - } ; - - intSlash = \Qui, Tuvois -> - let {qui = Tuvois.s2 ++ Qui.s ! Tuvois.c ; tuvois = Tuvois.s ! Ind} in - {s = table { - DirQ => qui ++ tuvois ; - IndirQ => ifCe Tuvois.c ++ qui ++ tuvois - } - } ; - --- An auxiliary to distinguish between --- "je ne sais pas" ("ce qui dort" / "ce que tu veux" / "à qui tu penses"). - - ifCe : Case -> Str = \c -> case c of { --- - Nom => "ciò" ; - Acc => "ciò" ; - _ => [] - } ; - - questAdverbial = \quand, jean, dort -> - let {jeandort = (predVerbPhrase jean dort).s ! Ind} in - {s = table { - DirQ => quand.s ++ jeandort ; --- inversion? - IndirQ => quand.s ++ jeandort - } - } ; - ----- moved from MorphoIta - --- A macro for defining gender-dependent tables will be useful. --- Its first application is in the indefinite article. - - genForms = \matto, matta -> - table {Masc => matto ; Fem => matta} ; - - artUno : Str = elision "un" "un" "uno" ; - artUna : Str = elision "una" "un'" "una" ; - - artIndef = \g,n,c -> case n of { - Sg => prepCase c ++ genForms artUno artUna ! g ; - _ => prepCase c ++ [] - } ; - - artDef = \g,n,c -> artDefTable ! g ! n ! c ; - --- The composable pronoun "il quale" is inflected by varying the definite --- article and the determiner "quale" in the expected way. - - ilqualPron : Gender -> Number -> Case -> Str = \g,n,c -> - artDef g n c ++ qualPron g n ; - - pronJe = mkPronoun - "io" --- (variants {"io" ; []}) etc - "mi" - "mi" - "me" - "mio" "mia" "miei" "mie" - PNoGen -- gender cannot be known from pronoun alone - Sg - P1 - Clit1 ; - - pronTu = mkPronoun - "tu" - "ti" - "ti" - "te" - "tuo" "tua" "tuoi" "tue" - PNoGen - Sg - P2 - Clit1 ; - - pronIl = mkPronoun - "lui" - "lo" - "gli" - "lui" - "suo" "sua" "suoi" "sue" - (PGen Masc) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronElle = mkPronoun - "lei" - "la" - "le" - "lei" - "suo" "sua" "suoi" "sue" - (PGen Fem) - Sg - P3 - Clit2 ; - - pronNous = mkPronoun - "noi" - "ci" - "ci" - "noi" - "nostro" "nostra" "nostri" "nostre" - PNoGen - Pl - P1 - Clit3 ; - - pronVous = mkPronoun - "voi" - "vi" - "vi" - "voi" - "vostro" "vostra" "vostri" "vostre" - PNoGen - Pl --- depends! - P2 - Clit3 ; - - pronIls = mkPronoun - "loro" - "loro" - "li" --- le ! - "loro" - "loro" "loro" "loro" "loro" - PNoGen - Pl - P3 - Clit1 ; - --- moved from ResIta - - commentAdv = ss "comme" ; - quandAdv = ss "quando" ; - ouAdv = ss "o" ; - pourquoiAdv = ss "perché" ; - - etConj = ss "e" ** {n = Pl} ; - ouConj = ss "o" ** {n = Sg} ; - etetConj = sd2 "e" "e" ** {n = Pl} ; - ououConj = sd2 "o" "o" ** {n = Sg} ; - niniConj = sd2 "né" "né" ** {n = Sg} ; --- requires ne ! - siSubj = ss "se" ** {m = Ind} ; - quandSubj = ss "quando" ** {m = Ind} ; - - ouiPhr = ss ["Sì ."] ; - nonPhr = ss ["No ."] ; - -} - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TestResourceIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TestResourceIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 83109584b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TestResourceIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,51 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../romance:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceIta of TestResource = - StructuralIta ** open Prelude, TypesIta, MorphoIta, SyntaxIta in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; parser=chart ; unlexer=text ; - -lin - Big = mkAdjDegrTale "grande" adjPre ; - Small = mkAdjDegrSolo "piccolo" adjPre ; - Old = mkAdjDegrLong (mkAdj "vecchio" "vecchia" "vecchi" "vecchie" "vecchiamente") - adjPre ; - Young = mkAdjDegrTale "giovane" adjPre ; - Happy = mkAdjDegrTale "felice" adjPost ; - American = mkAdjective (adjSolo "americano") adjPost ; - Finnish = mkAdjective (adjTale "finlandese") adjPost ; - Married = mkAdjCompl (adjSolo "sposato") adjPost {s2 = [] ; c = dative} ; - Man = mkCNom (numForms "uomo" "uomini") Masc ; - Woman = mkCNom (nomRana "donna") Fem ; - Car = mkCNom (nomRana "macchina") Fem ; - Light = mkCNom (nomSale "luce") Fem ; - House = mkCNom (nomRana "casa") Fem ; - Wine = mkCNom (nomVino "vino") Masc ; - Bottle = mkCNom (nomRana "bottiglia") Fem ; - Bar = mkCNom (nomTram "bar") Masc ; - Walk = verbAmare "camminare" ; - Run = verbCorrere "correre" "corso" ; - Send = mkTransVerbDir (verbAmare "mandare") ; - Love = mkTransVerbDir (verbAmare "amare") ; - Wait = mkTransVerbCas (verbAmare "aspettare") dative ; - Drink = mkTransVerbDir (mkVerbPres - "bev" "beve" "bev" "bevete" "bevono" "beva" "bevi" "bere" "bevuto") ; - Give = mkDitransVerb (mkVerbPres - "d" "da" "d" "date" "danno" "dia" "dà" "dare" "dato") - [] dative [] accusative ; - Prefer = mkDitransVerb (verbFinire "preferire") [] accusative [] dative ; - Say = verbSent verbPresDire Ind Ind ; - Prove = verbSent (verbAmare "dimostrare") Ind Ind ; - SwitchOn = mkTransVerbDir (verbAmare "allumare") ; - SwitchOff = mkTransVerbDir verbPresSpegnere ; - Mother = funGen (mkCNom (nomSale "madre") Fem) ; - Uncle = funGen (mkCNom (nomVino "zio") Masc) ; - Connection = mkCNom (nomSale "connessione") Fem ** - {s2 = [] ; c = CPrep P_da ; s3 = [] ; c3 = dative} ; - - Well = ss "bene" ; - Always = ss "sempre" ; - - John = mkProperName "Giovanni" Masc ; - Mary = mkProperName "Maria" Fem ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TypesIta.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TypesIta.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 8df73a485..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/italian/TypesIta.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,139 +0,0 @@ ---1 Italian Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for Italian morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Italian. --- The morphology is so far only --- complete w.r.t. the syntax part of the resource grammar. --- It does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. - -instance TypesIta of TypesRomance = { - --- First we give values to the abstract types. - -param - Case = Nom | Acc | CPrep Prep ; - - Prep = P_di | P_a | P_da | P_in | P_su | P_con ; - - NPForm = Ton Case | Aton Case | Poss Number Gender ; - ---2 Prepositions --- --- The type $Case$ in $types.Ita.gf$ has the dative and genitive --- cases, which are relevant for pronouns and the definite article, --- but which are otherwise expressed by prepositions. - -oper - prepCase = \c -> case c of { - Nom => [] ; - Acc => [] ; - CPrep p => strPrep p - } ; - - strPrep : Prep -> Str = \p -> case p of { - P_di => "di" ; - P_a => "a" ; - P_da => "da" ; - P_in => "in" ; - P_su => "su" ; - P_con => "con" - } ; - -oper - CaseA = Case ; - NPFormA = NPForm ; - - nominative = Nom ; - accusative = Acc ; - genitive = CPrep P_di ; - dative = CPrep P_a ; - - stressed = Ton ; - unstressed = Aton ; - -oper - pform2case = \p -> case p of { - Ton x => x ; - Aton x => x ; - Poss _ _ => genitive - } ; - - case2pform = \c -> case c of { - Nom => Aton Nom ; - Acc => Aton Acc ; - _ => Ton c - } ; - - case2pformClit = \c -> case c of { - Nom => Aton Nom ; - Acc => Aton Acc ; - CPrep P_a => Aton c ; - _ => Ton c - } ; - --- Comparative adjectives are only sometimes formed morphologically --- (actually: by different morphemes). - - mkAdjComp : (_,_ : AForm => Str) -> AdjComp = - \buono, migliore -> - {s = table {Pos => buono ; _ => migliore}} ; - --- Usually the comparison forms are built by prefixing the word --- "più". The definite article needed in the superlative is provided in --- $syntax.Ita.gf$. - - adjCompLong : Adj -> AdjComp = \caro -> - mkAdjComp - caro.s - (\\gn => "più" ++ caro.s ! gn) ; - - --- Relative pronouns: the case-dependent parameter type. - - param RelForm = RSimple Case | RComplex Gender Number Case ; - - oper RelFormA = RelForm ; - ---2 Relative pronouns --- --- The simple (atonic) relative pronoun shows genuine variation in all of the --- cases. - - relPronForms = table { - Nom => "che" ; - Acc => "che" ; - CPrep P_a => "cui" ; --- variant a cui - CPrep p => strPrep p ++ "cui" - } ; - --- Verbs: conversion from full verbs to present-tense verbs. - - verbPres = \amare -> {s = table { - VInfin => amare.s ! Inf ; - VFin Ind n p => amare.s ! Indi Pres n p ; - VFin Con n p => amare.s ! Cong Pres n p ; - VImper np => amare.s ! Imper np ; - VPart g n => amare.s ! Part PresP g n - }} ; - --- The full conjunction is a table on $VForm$: - -param - Tempo = Pres | Imperf ; - TempoP = PresP | PassP ; - VForm = - Inf - | Indi Tempo Number Person - | Pass Number Person - | Fut Number Person - | Cong Tempo Number Person - | Cond Number Person - | Imper NumPersI - | Ger - | Part TempoP Gender Number ; - --- This is the full verb type. - -oper Verbum = {s : VForm => Str} ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/mkParadigms.gfs b/lib/resource-0.6/mkParadigms.gfs deleted file mode 100644 index cdc3078df..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/mkParadigms.gfs +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ -i english/ParadigmsEng.gf -e -i finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf -e -i french/ParadigmsFre.gf -e -i german/ParadigmsGer.gf -e -i italian/ParadigmsIta.gf -e -i russian/ParadigmsRus.gf -e -i swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/mkTest.gfs b/lib/resource-0.6/mkTest.gfs deleted file mode 100644 index 84ce2afd1..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/mkTest.gfs +++ /dev/null @@ -1,8 +0,0 @@ -i english/TestResourceEng.gf -i finnish/TestResourceFin.gf -i french/TestResourceFre.gf -i german/TestResourceGer.gf -i italian/TestResourceIta.gf -i russian/TestResourceRus.gf -i swedish/TestResourceSwe.gf -pm | wf TestAll.gfcm diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/CombinationsRomance.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/romance/CombinationsRomance.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 0e6ac8e70..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/CombinationsRomance.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,200 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level French Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the French concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file --- $syntax.Romance.gf$, some in $syntax.Fra.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. Most parameter types are defined in $types.Romance.gf$, some in --- $types.Fra.gf$. - -incomplete concrete CombinationsRomance of Combinations = - open Prelude, SyntaxRomance in { - -flags - startcat=Phr ; - -lincat - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : Number => Str ; g : Gender} ; - CN = CommNoun ; - NP = {s : NPFormA => Str ; g : PronGen ; - n : Number ; p : Person ; c : ClitType} ; - PN = {s : Str ; g : Gender} ; - Det = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = {s : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - Adj2 = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - AdjDeg = {s : Degree => AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - AP = Adjective ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNoun ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - Fun2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition ; c3 : CaseA} ; - Prep = {s : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - Num = {s : Gender => Str} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VF => Str} ; - VG = {s : Bool => Gender => VF => Str} ; - VP = {s : Gender => VF => Str} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - V3 = TransVerb ** {s3 : Preposition ; c3 : CaseA} ; - VS = Verb ** {mp,mn : Mode} ; - VV = Verb ** {c : CaseA} ; - AdV = {s : Str} ; - - S = Sentence ; - -- = {s : Mode => Str} ; - Slash = Sentence ** {s2 : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - - RP = {s : RelForm => Str ; g : RelGen} ; - RC = {s : Mode => Gender => Number => Str} ; - - IP = {s : CaseA => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - Qu = {s : QuestForm => Str} ; - Imp = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ; - Phr = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = {s1,s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = {s1,s2 : Mode => Str} ; - ListAP = {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - ListNP = {s1,s2 : CaseA => Str ; g : PronGen ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - - Subj = {s : Str ; m : Mode} ; ---. - -lin - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet singular ; - ModGenNum = npGenDetNum ; - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; -- [SyntaxFra.noun2CommNounPhrase] - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase singular ; - IndefNumNP = indefNounPhraseNum ; - DefOneNP = defNounPhrase singular ; - DefNumNP = defNounPhraseNum ; - MassNP = partitiveNounPhrase singular ; - UseInt i = {s = \\_ => i.s} ; - NoNum = noNum ; - - SymbPN i = {s = i.s ; g = Masc} ; --- cannot know gender - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\n => cn.s ! n ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g} ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - PredV = predVerb ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - PredPassV = predPassVerb ; - VTrans = transAsVerb ; - - AdjAdv a = {s = a.s ! AA} ; - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - PrepNP = prepNounPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - ThereNP = existNounPhrase ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = predVerbPhrase nounPhraseOn ; - - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronWho singular ; - WhoMany = intPronWho plural ; - WhatOne = intPronWhat singular ; - WhatMany = intPronWhat plural ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron singular ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron plural ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - IsThereNP = existNounPhraseQuest ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance singular ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance plural ; - - AdvS = advSentence ; - - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; -- [Coordination.conjunctDistrTable] - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; -- stack - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase singular ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase plural ; - PhrIP ip = ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = ia ; - - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 1b757976d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1048 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Small Romance Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in Romance languages. --- We try to share as much as possible. Even if the definitions of certain --- operations are different in $syntax.Fra.gf$ and $syntax.Ita.gf$, we can --- often give their type signatures in this file. --- --- The following files are presupposed: - -interface SyntaxRomance = TypesRomance ** open Prelude, (CO=Coordination) in { - ---2 Common Nouns --- --- Common nouns are defined as number-dependent strings with a gender. --- Complex common noun ($CommNounPhrase$) have the same type as simple ones. --- (The distinction is made just because of uniformity with other languages.) - -oper - CommNoun : Type = {s : Number => Str ; g : Gender} ; - CommNounPhrase = CommNoun ; - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> CommNoun = \x -> x ; - - commonNounComp : CommNoun -> Str -> CommNoun = \numero, detelephone -> - {s = \\n => numero.s ! n ++ detelephone ; - g = numero.g - } ; - - ---2 Noun phrase --- --- The worst case is pronouns, which have inflection in the possessive --- forms. Other noun phrases express all possessive forms with the genitive case. --- Proper names are the simples example. - - ProperName : Type = {s : Str ; g : Gender} ; - - NounPhrase : Type = Pronoun ; -- the worst case - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase ; - - mkProperName : Str -> Gender -> ProperName = \jean,m -> - {s = jean ; g = m} ; - - mkNameNounPhrase : Str -> Gender -> NounPhrase = \jean,m -> - nameNounPhrase (mkProperName jean m) ; - - nounPhraseOn : NounPhrase ; - - normalNounPhrase : (CaseA => Str) -> Gender -> Number -> NounPhrase = \cs,g,n -> - {s = \\p => cs ! (pform2case p) ; - g = PGen g ; - n = n ; - p = P3 ; -- third person - c = Clit0 -- not clitic - } ; - - pronNounPhrase : Pronoun -> NounPhrase = \pro -> pro ; - --- Many determiners can be modified with numerals, which may be inflected in --- gender. - - Numeral : Type = {s : Gender => Str} ; - - pronWithNum : Pronoun -> Numeral -> Pronoun = \nous,deux -> - {s = \\c => nous.s ! c ++ deux.s ! pgen2gen nous.g ; - g = nous.g ; - n = nous.n ; - p = nous.p ; - c = nous.c - } ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = \\_ => []} ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners are inflected according to the gender of the nouns they determine. --- The determiner determines the number of the argument noun. - - Determiner : Type = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNoun -> NounPhrase = \tout, homme -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => prepCase c ++ tout.s ! homme.g ++ homme.s ! tout.n) - homme.g - tout.n ; - --- The following macros are sufficient to define most determiners, --- as shown by the examples that follow. - - mkDeterminer : Number -> Str -> Str -> Determiner = \n,tous,toutes -> - {s = genForms tous toutes ; n = n} ; - - mkDeterminer1 : Number -> Str -> Determiner = \n,chaque -> - mkDeterminer n chaque chaque ; - - mkDeterminerNum : Number -> Str -> Str -> Numeral -> Determiner = - \n,tous,toutes,nu -> - {s = \\g => genForms tous toutes ! g ++ nu.s ! g ; n = n} ; - - --- Indefinite and definite noun phrases are treated separately, --- since noun phrases formed by them also depend on case. --- The indefinite case with a numeral has no separate article: --- "il y a 86 voitures", not "il y a des 86 voitures". - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,mec -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => artIndef mec.g n c ++ mec.s ! n) - mec.g - n ; - - indefNounPhraseNum : Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \nu,mec -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => nu.s ! mec.g ++ mec.s ! Pl) - mec.g - Pl ; - - defNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,mec -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => artDef mec.g n c ++ mec.s ! n) - mec.g - n ; - - defNounPhraseNum : Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \nu,mec -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => artDef mec.g Pl c ++ nu.s !mec.g ++ mec.s ! Pl) - mec.g - Pl ; - --- We often need indefinite noun phrases synacategorematically. - - indefNoun : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Str = \n,mec -> - (indefNounPhrase n mec).s ! case2pform nominative ; - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "ma maison" - "mes maisons". --- The clitic type of the NP decides between "ma maison" and "la maison de Jean". - - npGenDet : Number -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,jeanne,mec -> - let {str : CaseA => Str = case jeanne.c of { - Clit0 => npGenDe n jeanne mec ; - _ => npGenPoss n jeanne mec - } - } in - normalNounPhrase str mec.g n ; - - npGenDetNum : Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \nu,jeanne,mec -> - let {str : CaseA => Str = case jeanne.c of { - Clit0 => npGenDeNum nu jeanne mec ; - _ => npGenPossNum nu jeanne mec - } - } in - normalNounPhrase str mec.g Pl ; - --- These auxiliary rules define the genitive with "de" and with the possessive. --- Here there is a difference between French and Italian: Italian has a definite --- article before possessives (with certain exceptions). - - npGenDe : Number -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CaseA => Str = - \n,jeanne,mec -> - \\c => artDef mec.g n c ++ mec.s ! n ++ jeanne.s ! case2pform genitive ; - - npGenDeNum : Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CaseA => Str = - \nu,jeanne,mec -> - \\c => artDef mec.g Pl c ++ nu.s ! mec.g ++ mec.s ! Pl ++ - jeanne.s ! case2pform genitive ; - - npGenPoss : Number -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CaseA => Str ; - - npGenPossNum : Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CaseA => Str ; - --- Constructions like "l'idée que la terre est ronde" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have "la suggestion que...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \idee,x -> - {s = \\n => idee.s ! n ++ elisQue ++ x.s ! Ind ; - g = idee.g - } ; - --- The existence construction "il y a", "c'è / ci sono" is defined separately, --- and ad hoc, in each language. - - existNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Sentence ; - --- The partitive noun phrase has special nominative and accusative, which look like --- genitives ("du vin, avec du vin", as well as genitive form, where the definite --- article contracts away ("de vin"). - - partitiveNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase ; - - ---2 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives have a parameter $p$ telling if postposition is --- allowed (complex APs). There is no real need in Romance languages to distinguish --- between simple adjectives and adjectival phrases. - - Adjective : Type = Adj ** {p : Bool} ; - - adjPre = True ; adjPost = False ; - - AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ; - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \x -> x ; - - mkAdjective : Adj -> Bool -> Adjective = \adj,p -> adj ** {p = p} ; - - ---3 Comparison adjectives --- --- The type is defined in $types.Romance.gf$. Syntax adds to lexicon the position --- information. - - AdjDegr = AdjComp ** {p : Bool} ; - - mkAdjDegr : AdjComp -> Bool -> AdjDegr = \adj,p -> - adj ** {p = p} ; - - mkAdjDegrLong : Adj -> Bool -> AdjDegr = \adj,p -> - adjCompLong adj ** {p = p} ; - - --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("bon"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \bon -> - {s = bon.s ! Pos ; - p = bon.p - } ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("meilleur que toi"). The comparing conjunction --- is of course language-dependent; Italian moreover has the free --- variants "che" and "di". - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \bon, toi -> - {s = \\a => bon.s ! Comp ! a ++ comparConj ++ - toi.s ! stressed accusative ; - p = False - } ; - - comparConj : Str ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a common noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain --- ("le meilleur mec", "le mec le plus intelligent"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNoun -> NounPhrase = \bon, mec -> - normalNounPhrase - (\\c => artDef mec.g Sg c ++ if_then_else Str bon.p - (bon.s ! Sup ! AF mec.g Sg ++ mec.s ! Sg) - (mec.s ! Sg ++ artDef mec.g Sg nominative ++ bon.s ! Sup ! AF mec.g Sg) - ) - mec.g - Sg ; - - ---3 Prepositions and complements --- --- Most prepositions are just strings. But "à" and "de" are treated as cases in --- French. In Italian, there are more prepositions treated in this way: --- "a", "di", "da", "in", "su", "con". --- An invariant is that, if the preposition is not empty ($[]$), then the case --- is $Acc$. - - Preposition = Str ; - - Complement = {s2 : Preposition ; c : CaseA} ; - - complement : Str -> Complement = \par -> - {s2 = par ; c = nominative} ; - - complementDir : Complement = complement [] ; - - complementCas : CaseA -> Complement = \c -> - {s2 = [] ; c = c} ; - - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a preposition used before --- the complement, and the complement case. - - AdjCompl = AdjPhrase ** Complement ; - - mkAdjCompl : Adj -> Bool -> Complement -> AdjCompl = \adj,p,c -> - mkAdjective adj p ** c ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \relie,jean -> - {s = \\a => relie.s ! a ++ relie.s2 ++ jean.s ! case2pform relie.c ; - p = False - } ; - - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("Jean est jeune") --- and in modification ("un jeune homme"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. --- --- Modification must pay attention to pre- and post-noun --- adjectives: "jeune homme"; "homme intelligent". - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \bon,mec -> - {s = \\n => if_then_else Str bon.p - (bon.s ! AF mec.g n ++ mec.s ! n) - (mec.s ! n ++ bon.s ! AF mec.g n) ; - g = mec.g - } ; - ---2 Function expressions - --- A function expression is a common noun together with the --- preposition prefixed to its argument ("mère de x"). --- The type is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs. - - Function : Type = CommNounPhrase ** Complement ; - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "mor/mödrar till Johan". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "la mère de Jean", "les mères de Jean", --- "les mères de Jean et de Marie", and "la mère de Jean et de Marie" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \mere,jean -> - {s = \\n => mere.s ! n ++ mere.s2 ++ jean.s ! case2pform mere.c ; - g = mere.g - } ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition ; c3 : CaseA} ; - --- There application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \vol, paris -> - {s = \\n => vol.s ! n ++ vol.s2 ++ paris.s ! case2pform vol.c ; - g = vol.g ; - s2 = vol.s3 ; - c = vol.c3 - } ; - - --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = \x -> x ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to the original function application --- producing "ma mère" and "la mère de Jean". It does not appear in the --- resource grammar API any longer. - - appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll, mere, jean -> - let - n = jean.n ; - g = mere.g ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n - in variants { - defNounPhrase nf (appFunComm mere jean) ; - npGenDet nf jean mere - } ; - - ---2 Verbs --- ---3 Verb phrases --- --- Unlike many other languages, verb phrases in Romance languages --- are not discontinuous. --- We use clitic parameters instead. --- --- (It is not quite sure, though, whether this --- will suffice in French for examples like "je n'*y* vais pas": one may want to --- add "y" to "ne vais pas" instead of "ne - pas" to "y vais".) --- --- So far we restrict the syntax to present-tense verbs, even though --- morphology has complete conjugations. - - VerbPhrase = {s : Gender => VF => Str} ; - VerbGroup = {s : Bool => Gender => VF => Str} ; - - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vg -> { - s = vg.s ! b - } ; - - Verb = VerbPres ; - --- Predication is language-dependent in the negative case. - - predVerb : VerbPres -> VerbGroup = \aller -> - {s = \\b,_,v => if_then_Str b (aller.s ! v) (negVerb (aller.s ! v))} ; - - negVerb : Str -> Str ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives ("est bon"), --- common nouns ("est un homme"), and noun phrases ("est Jean"). --- We need a copula, which is of course language-dependent. - - copula : Bool -> VF => Str ; - --- The third rule is overgenerating: "est chaque homme" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. - - predAdjective : AdjPhrase -> VerbGroup = \bon -> - {s = \\b,g,v => copula b ! v ++ bon.s ! AF g (nombreVerb v)} ; - - predCommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \homme -> - {s = \\b,g,v => copula b ! v ++ indefNoun (nombreVerb v) homme} ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \jean -> - {s = \\b,g,v => copula b ! v ++ jean.s ! stressed nominative} ; - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \dehors -> - {s = \\b,g,v => copula b ! v ++ dehors.s} ; - --- Passivization is like adjectival predication. - - predPassVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \aimer -> - {s = \\b,g,v => copula b ! v ++ aimer.s ! VPart g (nombreVerb v)} ; - --- complement a verb with noun phrase and optional preposition - - TransVerb : Type = VerbPres ** Complement ; - - verbOfTransVerb : TransVerb -> VerbPres = \v -> {s = v.s} ; - complementOfTransVerb : TransVerb -> Complement = \v -> {s2 = v.s2 ; c = v.c} ; - - isNounPhraseClit : NounPhrase -> Bool = \n -> case n.c of { - Clit0 => False ; - _ => True - } ; - --- This function is language-dependent, because it uses the language-dependent --- type of case. - - isTransVerbClit : TransVerb -> Bool ; - - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a preposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object* - which may still be accusative, --- dative, or genitive. --- --- In complementation, we do need some dispatching of clitic types: --- "aime Jean" ; "n'aime pas Jean" ; "l'aime" ; "ne l'aime pas". --- More will be needed when we add ditransitive verbs. - - complTransVerb : TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \aime,jean -> - {s = \\b,g,w => ---- BUG: v gives stack overflow - let {Jean = jean.s ! (case2pformClit aime.c) ; Aime = aime.s ! w} in - if_then_Str (andB (isNounPhraseClit jean) (isTransVerbClit aime)) - (posNeg b (Jean ++ Aime) []) - (posNeg b Aime Jean) - } ; - - mkTransVerb : Verb -> Preposition -> CaseA -> TransVerb = \v,p,c -> - v ** {s2 = p ; c = c} ; - - mkTransVerbPrep : Verb -> Preposition -> TransVerb = \passer,par -> - mkTransVerb passer par accusative ; - - mkTransVerbCas : Verb -> CaseA -> TransVerb = \penser,a -> - mkTransVerb penser [] a ; - - mkTransVerbDir : Verb -> TransVerb = \aimer -> - mkTransVerbCas aimer accusative ; - --- Transitive verbs can be used elliptically as verbs. The semantics --- is left to applications. The definition is trivial, due to record --- subtyping. - - transAsVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \love -> - love ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s3 : Preposition ; c3 : CaseA} ; - - mkDitransVerb : - Verb -> Preposition -> CaseA -> Preposition -> CaseA -> DitransVerb = - \v,p1,c1,p2,c2 -> - v ** {s2 = p1 ; c = c1 ; s3 = p2 ; c3 = c2} ; - ---- This must be completed to account for the order of the clitics, and also, to ---- distinguish between different types of complements. - - complDitransVerb : - DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \donner,jean,vin -> - {s = \\b,g,w => - let - donne = donner.s ! w ; - cJean = isNounPhraseClit jean ; - cVin = isNounPhraseClit vin ; - Jean = jean.s ! (case2pformClit donner.c) ; - Vin = vin.s ! (case2pformClit donner.c3) ; - aJean = if_then_Str cJean [] Jean ; - duVin = if_then_Str cVin [] Vin ; - lui = if_then_Str cJean Jean [] ; - te = if_then_Str cVin Vin [] - in - posNeg b (te ++ lui ++ donne) (aJean ++ duVin) - } ; - --- The following macro builds the "ne - pas" or "non" negation. The second --- string argument is used for the complement of a verb phrase. In Italian, --- one string argument would actually be enough. - - posNeg : Bool -> (verb, compl : Str) -> Str ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials are not inflected (we ignore comparison, and treat --- compared adverbials as separate expressions; this could be done another way). --- --- (We should also take into account clitic ones, like "y", --- as well as the position: "est toujours heureux" / "est heureux à Paris".) - - Adverb : Type = SS ; - - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \chante, bien -> - {s = \\g,v => chante.s ! g ! v ++ bien.s} ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions. --- The rule for prepositional phrases also comprises the use of prepositions --- treated as cases. Therefore, both a preposition and a case are needed --- as arguments. - - prepNounPhrase : {s : Preposition ; c : CaseA} -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \dans,jean -> - {s = dans.s ++ jean.s ! Ton dans.c} ; - - justPrep : Preposition -> {s : Preposition ; c : CaseA} = \sans -> - {s = sans ; c = prepositional} ; - - justCase : CaseA -> {s : Preposition ; c : CaseA} = \nom -> - {s = [] ; c = nom} ; - --- This is a source of the "homme avec un téléscope" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "les voitures toujours". --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. --- French moreover says "les voitures d'hier" rather than "les voitures hier". - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \mec,aparis -> - {s = \\n => mec.s ! n ++ aparis.s ; - g = mec.g - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : Adverb -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \trop,lent -> - {s = \\a => trop.s ++ lent.s ! a ; - p = lent.p - } ; - ---2 Sentences --- --- Sentences depend on a *mode parameter* selecting between --- indicative and subjunctive forms. - - Sentence : Type = SS1 Mode ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. It takes care of both --- mode and agreement. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = \jean,dort -> - {s = \\m => jean.s ! unstressed nominative ++ - dort.s ! pgen2gen jean.g ! VFin m jean.n jean.p - } ; - - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. --- The mode of the complement depends on the verb, and can be different --- for positive and negative uses of the verb --- ("je crois qu'elle vient" -"je ne crois pas qu'elle vienne"), - - SentenceVerb : Type = VerbPres ** {mp, mn : Mode} ; - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = \croire,jeanboit -> - {s = \\b,_,w => - let {m = if_then_else Mode b croire.mp croire.mn} - in posNeg b (croire.s ! w) (embedConj ++ jeanboit.s ! m)} ; ----w - - verbSent : Verb -> Mode -> Mode -> SentenceVerb = \v,mp,mn -> - v ** {mp = mp ; mn = mn} ; - --- The embedding conjunction is language dependent. - - embedConj : Str ; - - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Verb-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- They can need an oblique case ("à", "de"), but they work like ordinary verbs. - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ** {c : CaseA} ; - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \devoir, nager -> - {s = \\b,g,v => if_then_Str b (devoir.s ! v) (negVerb (devoir.s ! v)) ++ - prepCase devoir.c ++ nager.s ! True ! g ! VInfin - } ; - - mkVerbVerbDir : Verb -> VerbVerb = \v -> v ** {c = accusative} ; - - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has the same relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase = Sentence ** Complement ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b,jean,aimer -> - predVerbPhrase jean (predVerbGroup b (predVerb (verbOfTransVerb aimer))) ** - complementOfTransVerb aimer ; - - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- --- Relative pronouns are inflected in --- gender, number, and case. They can also have an inherent case, --- but this case if 'variable' in the sense that it --- is sometimes just mediated from the correlate --- ("homme qui est bon"), sometimes inherent to the --- pronominal phrase itself ("homme dont la mère est bonne"). - -oper - - RelPron : Type = {s : RelFormA => Str ; g : RelGen} ; - RelClause : Type = {s : Mode => Gender => Number => Str} ; - - mkGenRel : RelGen -> Gender -> Gender = \rg,g -> case rg of { - RG gen => gen ; - _ => g - } ; - --- Simple relative pronouns ("qui", "dont", "par laquelle") --- have no inherent gender. - - identRelPron : RelPron ; - - composRelPron : Gender -> Number -> CaseA -> Str ; - --- Complex relative pronouns ("dont la mère") do have an inherent gender. - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron ; - --- There are often variants, i.e. short and long forms --- ("que" - "lequel", "dont" -"duquel"), etc. - - allRelForms : RelPron -> Gender -> Number -> CaseA -> Str ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("qui dort") and --- slash expressions ("que je vois", "dont je parle"). - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \qui,dort -> - {s = \\m,g,n => allRelForms qui g n nominative ++ dort.s ! g ! VFin m n P3 - } ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \dont,jeparle -> - {s = \\m,g,n => jeparle.s2 ++ allRelForms dont g n jeparle.c ++ jeparle.s ! m - } ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "nombre x tel que x soit pair". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\m,g,n => suchPron g n ++ embedConj ++ A.s ! m - } ; - - suchPron : Gender -> Number -> Str ; - --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. A comma is used before the relative clause. --- --- N.B. subjunctive relative clauses --- ("je cherche un mec qui sache chanter") must have another structure --- (unless common noun phrases are given a mode parameter...). - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = \mec,quidort -> - {s = \\n => mec.s ! n ++ quidort.s ! Ind ! mec.g ! n ; - g = mec.g - } ; - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are --- noun-phrase-like. We use a simplified type, since we don't need the possessive --- forms. --- --- N.B. "est-ce que", etc, will be added below --- when pronouns are used in direct questions. - - IntPron : Type = {s : CaseA => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. - - funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = \mere,qui -> - {s = \\c => - artDef mere.g qui.n c ++ mere.s ! qui.n ++ mere.s2 ++ qui.s ! mere.c ; - g = mere.g ; - n = qui.n - } ; - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "quelle maison", "qui", "quoi". Their definitions are language-dependent. - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron ; - intPronWho : Number -> IntPron ; - intPronWhat : Number -> IntPron ; - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean whole phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! Ind ++ ".") ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! DirQ ++ "?") ; - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct ("qui a pris la voiture") or indirect --- ("ce qui a pris la voiture"). - -param - QuestForm = DirQ | IndirQ ; - -oper - Question = SS1 QuestForm ; - - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are used both independently ("Tu es fatigué?") --- and after interrogative adverbials ("Pourquoi tu es fatigué?"). --- It is economical to handle with these two cases by the one --- rule, $questVerbPhrase'$. The only difference is if "si" appears --- in the indirect form. --- --- N.B. the inversion variant ("Es-tu fatigué?") is missing, mainly because our --- verb morphology does not support the intervening "t" ("Marche-t-il?"). --- The leading "est-ce que" is recognized as a variant, and requires --- direct word order. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question ; - --- The existence question is treated separately. - - existNounPhraseQuest : NounPhrase -> Question ; - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences, --- others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences. --- --- N.B. inversion variants and "est-ce que" are treated as above. - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question ; - - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "quand", "où", "comment", "pourquoi", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases. --- --- N.B. inversion variants and "est-ce que" are treated as above. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question ; - - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. --- --- N.B. following the API, we don't distinguish between --- singular and plural "vous", nor between masculine and feminine. --- when forming utterances. --- --- TODO: clitics, Italian negated imperative. - - Imperative = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \dormir -> - {s = \\g,n => dormir.s ! g ! vImper n P2 - } ; - - imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I -> - ss (I.s ! Masc ! n ++ "!") ; - ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "autrement", "donc", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase. - - advSentence : SS -> Sentence -> Utterance = \donc,ildort -> - ss (donc.s ++ ildort.s ! Ind ++ ".") ; - - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("et", "ou") or distributed ("et - et", "pu - ou"). - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. --- --- N.B. we don't have repetion of "que" in subordinate coordinated sentences. - - ListSentence : Type = {s1,s2 : Mode => Str} ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = - CO.twoTable Mode ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consTable Mode CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "Pierre fume, Jean boit et les autres regardsnt". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctTable Mode ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part in front of the first element, the second --- part between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctDistrTable Mode ; - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is a prefix adjective --- if and only if all elements are prefix. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : AForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable AForm x y ** {p = andB x.p y.p} ; - - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable AForm CO.comma xs x ** {p = andB xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable AForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. --- The gender is masculine if any of the components is. A coordinated noun phrase --- cannot be clitic. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : CaseA => Str ; g : PronGen ; n : Number ; p : Person} ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - {s1 = \\c => x.s ! stressed c ; s2 = \\c => y.s ! stressed c} ** - {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; g = conjGender x.g y.g ; p = conjPers x.p y.p} ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - {s1 = \\c => xs.s1 ! c ++ CO.comma ++ xs.s2 ! c ; - s2 = \\c => x.s ! stressed c} ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; g = conjGender xs.g x.g ; p =conjPers xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \co,xs -> - {s = \\c => xs.s1 ! pform2case c ++ co.s ++ xs.s2 ! pform2case c} ** - {n = conjNumber co.n xs.n ; g = xs.g ; p = xs.p ; c = Clit0 } ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \co,xs -> - {s = \\c => co.s1++ xs.s1 ! pform2case c ++ co.s2 ++ xs.s2 ! pform2case c} ** - {n = conjNumber co.n xs.n ; g = xs.g ; p = xs.p ; c = Clit0} ; - --- We have to define a calculus of numbers of genders. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. For genders, --- $Masc$ corresponds to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - - conjGen : Gender -> Gender -> Gender = \m,n -> case of { - => Fem ; - _ => Masc - } ; - - conjGender : PronGen -> PronGen -> PronGen = \m,n -> case of { - => PGen Fem ; - _ => PNoGen - } ; - --- For persons, we go in the descending order: --- "moi et toi sommes forts", "lui ou toi es fort". --- This is not always quite clear. - - conjPers : Person -> Person -> Person = \p,q -> case of { - => P3 ; - => P1 ; - <_,P1> => P1 ; - _ => P2 - } ; - - - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("si", "quand", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentences, an imperatives, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. The inherent mood can be --- indicative ("si", "quand") or subjunctive ("bien que"). - - Subjunction = {s : Str ; m : Mode} ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = \si,A,B -> - {s = \\m => subjunctVariants si A (B.s ! m) - } ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \si,A,B -> - {s = \\g,n => subjunctVariants si A (B.s ! g ! n) - } ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = \si,A,B -> - {s = \\q => subjunctVariants si A (B.s ! q) - } ; - --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. --- "si tu fume je m'en vais" --- and "je m'en vais si tu fume". - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Str -> Str = \si,A,B -> - let {As = A.s ! si.m} in - variants { - si.s ++ As ++ B ; - B ++ si.s ++ As - } ; - - subjunctVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \V, si, A -> - adVerbPhrase V (ss (si.s ++ A.s ! si.m)) ; - - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \jean -> - postfixSS "." (defaultNounPhrase jean) ; - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,mec -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n mec) ; - - --- one-form variants - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \jean -> - ss (jean.s ! stressed nominative) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \quiesttu -> - ss (quiesttu.s ! DirQ) ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> SS = \x -> ss (x.s ! Ind) ; - ------ moved from Types - - artDef : Gender -> Number -> CaseA -> Str ; - artIndef : Gender -> Number -> CaseA -> Str ; - genForms : Str -> Str -> Gender => Str ; - ------ moved from Res - - pronJe, pronTu, pronIl, pronElle, pronNous, pronVous, pronIls, pronElles : - Pronoun ; - chaqueDet, quelDet, plupartDet : Determiner ; - - commentAdv, quandAdv, ouAdv, pourquoiAdv : Adverb ; - - etConj, ouConj : Conjunction ; - etetConj, ououConj : ConjunctionDistr ; - siSubj, quandSubj : Subjunction ; - - ouiPhr, noPhr : Utterance ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/TypesRomance.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/romance/TypesRomance.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 0ab31be10..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/romance/TypesRomance.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,180 +0,0 @@ ---1 Romance Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for French and Italian morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and parts of speech of Romance languages. --- It is used as the major part of language-specific type systems, --- defined in $types.Fra.gf$ and $types.Ita.gf$. The guiding principle has been --- to share as much as possible, which has two advantages: it saves work in --- encoding, and it shows how the languages are related. - -interface TypesRomance = { - ---2 Enumerated parameter types for morphology --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. - -param - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Gender = Masc | Fem ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - Mode = Ind | Con ; - Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ; - --- The case must be made an abstract type, since it varies from language to --- language. The same concerns those parameter types that depend on case. --- Certain cases can however be defined. - -param - RelGen = RNoGen | RG Gender ; - -oper - CaseA : PType ; - NPFormA : PType ; - - nominative : CaseA ; - accusative : CaseA ; - genitive : CaseA ; - dative : CaseA ; - prepositional : CaseA ; - - stressed : CaseA -> NPFormA ; - unstressed : CaseA -> NPFormA ; - - RelFormA : PType ; - --- The genitive and dative cases are expressed by prepositions, except for --- clitic pronouns. The accusative case only makes a difference for pronouns. - --- Personal pronouns are the following type: - -oper - Pronoun : Type = { - s : NPFormA => Str ; - g : PronGen ; - n : Number ; - p : Person ; - c : ClitType - } ; - --- The following coercions are useful: - -oper - pform2case : NPFormA -> CaseA ; - case2pform, case2pformClit : CaseA -> NPFormA ; - - prepCase : CaseA -> Str ; - - - adjCompLong : Adj -> AdjComp ; - - relPronForms : CaseA => Str ; - --- For abstraction and API compatibility, we define two synonyms: - -oper - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are mostly hierarchical. The alternative is cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this cannot be always used since it overgenerates. --- - ---3 Common nouns --- --- Common nouns are inflected in number, and they have an inherent gender. - - CNom : Type = {s : Number => Str ; g : Gender} ; - ---3 Pronouns --- --- Pronouns are an example - the worst-case one of noun phrases, --- which are defined in $syntax.Ita.gf$. --- Their inflection tables has tonic and atonic forms, as well as --- the possessive forms, which are inflected like determiners. --- --- Example: "lui, de lui, à lui" - "il,le,lui" - "son,sa,ses". - --- Tonic forms are divided into four classes of clitic type. --- The first value is used for never-clitic noun phrases. --- --- Examples of each: "Giovanni" ; "io" ; "lui" ; "noi". - - param ClitType = Clit0 | Clit1 | Clit2 | Clit3 ; - --- Gender is not morphologically determined for first and second person pronouns. - - PronGen = PGen Gender | PNoGen ; - --- The following coercion is useful: - -oper - pgen2gen : PronGen -> Gender = \p -> case p of { - PGen g => g ; - PNoGen => variants {Masc ; Fem} --- the best we can do for je, tu, nous, vous - } ; - ---3 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives are inflected in gender and number, and there is also an adverbial form --- (e.g. "infiniment"), which has different paradigms and can even be irregular ("bien"). --- Comparative adjectives are moreover inflected in degree --- (which in French and Italian is usually syntactic, though). - -param - AForm = AF Gender Number | AA ; - -oper - Adj : Type = {s : AForm => Str} ; - AdjComp : Type = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ; - - ---3 Verbs --- --- In the current syntax, we use --- a reduced conjugation with only the present tense infinitive, --- indicative, subjunctive, and imperative forms. --- But our morphology has full Bescherelle conjunctions: --- so we use a coercion between full and reduced verbs. --- The full conjugations and the coercions are defined separately for French --- and Italian, since they are not identical. The differences are mostly due --- to Bescherelle structuring the forms in different groups; the --- gerund and the present participles show real differences. - -param - VF = - VFin Mode Number Person - | VImper NumPersI - | VPart Gender Number - | VInfin - ; - - NumPersI = SgP2 | PlP1 | PlP2 ; - --- It is sometimes useful to derive the number of a verb form. - -oper - nombreVerb : VF -> Number = \v -> case v of { - VFin _ n _ => n ; - _ => singular --- - } ; - --- The imperative forms depend on number and person. - - vImper : Number -> Person -> VF = \n,p -> case of { - => VImper SgP2 ; - => VImper PlP1 ; - => VImper PlP2 ; - _ => VInfin - } ; - - Verbum : Type ; - - VerbPres : Type = {s : VF => Str} ; - - verbPres : Verbum -> VerbPres ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/CombinationsRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/CombinationsRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 6c04da51e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/CombinationsRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Russian Resource Grammar --- --- Janna Khegai 2003 --- on the basis of code for other languages by Aarne Ranta --- --- This is the Russian concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.RusU.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part is the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $types.RusU.gf$. - -concrete CombinationsRus of Combinations = open Prelude, SyntaxRus in { -flags - startcat=Phr ; - lexer=text ; - unlexer=text ; - -lincat - - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : SubstForm => Str ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy } ; - CN = CommNounPhrase ; - -- = {s : Number => Case => Str; g : Gender; anim : Animacy} ; - NP = NounPhrase ; - -- = { s : PronForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person ; - -- g: PronGen ; anim : Animacy ; pron: Bool} ; - PN = ProperName ; - -- = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy} ; - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = {s : AdjForm => Str} ; - Det = Determiner ; - -- = Adjective ** {n: Number; g: PronGen; c: Case} ; - Adj2 = AdjCompl ; - -- = Adjective ** Complement ; - AdjDeg = AdjDegr ; - -- = {s : Degree => AdjForm => Str} ; - AP = AdjPhrase ; - -- = Adjective ** {p : IsPostfixAdj} ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNounPhrase ** Complement ; - Fun2 = Function ** {s3 : Str; c2: Case} ; - Num = Numeral ; - -- = {s : Case => Gender => Str} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VF => Str ; t: Tense ; a : Aspect ; w: Voice} ; - VG = VerbGroup ; - -- = Verb ; - VP = VerbPhrase ; - -- = Verb ** {s2 : Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str ; - -- negBefore: Bool} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s2 : Str ; c: Case } ; - V3 = DitransVerb ; - -- = TransVerb ** {s4 : Str; c2: Case} ; - VS = SentenceVerb ; - -- = Verb ; - VV = VerbVerb ; - -- = Verb ; - AdV = Adverb ; - -- = {s : Str} ; - Prep = Preposition; - -- = {s : Str ; c: Case } ; - - S = Sentence ; - -- = {s : Str} ; - Slash = SentenceSlashNounPhrase ; - -- = Sentence ** Complement ; - - RP = RelPron ; - -- = {s : GenNum => Case => Animacy => Str} ; - RC = RelClause ; - -- = RelPron ; - - IP = IntPron ; - -- = NounPhrase ; - Qu = Question ; - -- = {s : QuestForm => Str} ; - Imp = Imperative ; - -- = { s: Gender => Number => Str } ; - Phr = Utterance ; - -- = {s : Str} ; - Text = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = Conjunction ; - -- = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = ConjunctionDistr ; - -- = {s1,s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = ListSentence ; - -- = {s1,s2 : Mode => Str} ; - ListAP = ListAdjPhrase ; - -- = {s1,s2 : AdjForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - ListNP = ListNounPhrase ; - -- = { s1,s2 : PronForm => Str ; g: Gender ; anim : Animacy ; - -- n : Number ; p : Person ; pron : Bool } ; - ---. -lin - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - --PosTV = complTransVerb True ; - --NegTV = complTransVerb False ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - --PosA = predAdjective True ; - --NegA = predAdjective False ; - - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet Sg noNum ; - ModGenNum = npGenDet Pl ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - UseInt i = useInt i.s; - NoNum = noNum ; - - --- these two by AR 3/6/2004 - SymbPN i = {s = \\_ => i.s ; g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate} ; --- - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g ; - anim = cn.anim - } ; - - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase Sg ; - IndefNumNP = indefNounPhraseNum Pl ; - DefOneNP = indefNounPhrase Sg ; - DefNumNP = indefNounPhraseNum Pl ; - MassNP = indefNounPhrase Sg; - - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - PredV v = v ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredPassV v = v ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - VTrans = verbOfTransVerb ; - - - AdjAdv a = mkAdverb (a.s ! AdvF) ; - PrepNP p = prepPhrase p ; - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - --LocNP = locativeNounPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = predVerbPhrase (pron2NounPhrase pronKtoTo Animate) ; - ThereNP = thereIs ; - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronKto Sg ; - WhoMany = intPronKto Pl ; - WhatOne = intPronChto Sg ; - WhatMany = intPronChto Pl ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron Sg ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron Pl ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - IsThereNP = isThere ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance Masc Sg ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance Masc Pl ; - AdvS = advSentence ; - - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase Sg ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase Pl ; - PhrIP ip = postfixSS "?" ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = postfixSS "?" ia ; - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/DatabaseRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/DatabaseRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a72a7b7c6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/DatabaseRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,61 +0,0 @@ -concrete DatabaseRus of Database = open Prelude,SyntaxRus,ResourceEng,PredicationRus,ParadigmsRus in { - -flags lexer=text ; unlexer=text ; coding=utf8 ; - -lincat - Phras = SS1 Bool ; -- long or short form - Subject = NP ; - Noun = CN ; - Property = AP ; - Comparison = AdjDeg ; - Relation = Adj2 ; - Feature = Fun ; - Value = NP ; - Name = ProperName ; - -lin - LongForm sent = ss (sent.s ! True ++ "?") ; - ShortForm sent = ss (sent.s ! False ++ "?") ; - -oper - mkSent : SS -> SS -> SS1 Bool = \long, short -> - {s = table {b => if_then_else Str b long.s short.s}} ; - - mkSentPrel : Str -> SS -> SS1 Bool = \prel, matter -> - mkSent (ss (prel ++ matter.s)) matter ; - - mkSentSame : SS -> SS1 Bool = \s -> - mkSent s s ; - -lin - WhichAre A B = mkSent (defaultQuestion (IntVP (NounIPMany A) (PosA B))) - (defaultNounPhrase (IndefManyNP (ModAdj B A))) ; - - IsIt Q A = mkSentSame (defaultQuestion (QuestVP Q (PosA A))) ; - - MoreThan = ComparAdjP ; - TheMost = SuperlNP ; - Relatively C _ = PositAdjP C ; - - RelatedTo = ComplAdj ; - - FeatureOf = appFun1 ; - ValueOf F V = appFun1 F (UsePN V) ; - - WithProperty A B = ModAdj B A ; - - Individual = UsePN ; - - AllN = DetNP AllDet ; - MostN = DetNP MostDet ; - EveryN = DetNP EveryDet ; - --- only these are language-dependent - - Any = detNounPhrase anyPlDet ; --- in the sense "some", not "all" - - IsThere A = mkSentPrel ["еÑÑ‚ÑŒ ли"] (defaultNounPhrase (IndefOneNP A)) ; - AreThere A = mkSentPrel ["еÑÑ‚ÑŒ ли"] (defaultNounPhrase (IndefManyNP A)) ; - - WhatIs V = mkSentPrel ["какой"] (defaultNounPhrase V) ; -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/MorphoRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/MorphoRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index eef1fa813..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/MorphoRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1466 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Simple Russian Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta, Janna Khegai 2003 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions of the lexical entries --- needed in the resource syntax. --- It moreover contains copies of the most usual inflectional patterns. --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined for morphology. --- --- Note: mkPassive operation is at the moment incorrect. Low-level ending-analysis --- is needed to fix the operation. - -resource MorphoRus = TypesRus ** open (Predef=Predef), Prelude in { -flags coding=utf8 ; - ---2 Personal (together with possesive) pronouns. -oper pronYa: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "Ñ" ; - PF Gen _ NonPoss => "менÑ" ; - PF Dat _ NonPoss => "мне" ; - PF Acc _ NonPoss => "менÑ" ; - PF Inst _ NonPoss => "мной" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => "мне" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "мой" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "моего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "моему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "моего" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "моим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "моём" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "моÑ" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "моей" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "моей" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "мою" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "моею" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "моей" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моё" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моё" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "моём" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss APl) => "мои" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss APl)=> "моих" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss APl) => "моим" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss APl) => "моих" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss APl) => "моими" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss APl) => "моих" - } ; - g = PNoGen ; - n = Sg ; - p = P1 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronTu: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "Ñ‚Ñ‹" ; - PF Gen _ NonPoss => "тебÑ" ; - PF Dat _ NonPoss => "тебе" ; - PF Acc _ NonPoss => "тебÑ" ; - PF Inst _ NonPoss => "тобой" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => ["о тебе"] ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твой" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твоего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твоему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твоего" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твоим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "твоём" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твоÑ" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твоей" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твоей" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твою" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твоею" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "твоей" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоё" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоё" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "твоём" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss APl) => "твои" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss APl)=> "твоих" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss APl) => "твоим" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss APl) => "твоих" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss APl) => "твоими" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss APl) => "твоих" - } ; - g = PNoGen ; - n = Sg ; - p = P2 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronOn: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "он" ; - PF Gen No NonPoss => "его" ; - PF Gen Yes NonPoss => "него" ; - PF Dat No NonPoss => "ему" ; - PF Dat Yes NonPoss => "нему" ; - PF Acc No NonPoss => "его" ; - PF Acc Yes NonPoss => "него" ; - PF Inst No NonPoss => "им" ; - PF Inst Yes NonPoss => "ним" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => "нём" ; - PF _ _ (Poss _) => "его" - } ; - g = PGen Masc ; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronOna: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "она" ; - PF Gen No NonPoss => "её" ; - PF Gen Yes NonPoss => "неё" ; - PF Dat No NonPoss => "ей" ; - PF Dat Yes NonPoss => "ней" ; - PF Acc No NonPoss => "её" ; - PF Acc Yes NonPoss => "неё" ; - PF Inst No NonPoss => "ей" ; - PF Inst Yes NonPoss => "ней" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => ["о ней"] ; - PF _ _ (Poss _ ) => "её" - } ; - g = PGen Fem ; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = True - } ; -oper pronOno: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "оно" ; - PF Gen No NonPoss => "его" ; - PF Gen Yes NonPoss => "него" ; - PF Dat No NonPoss => "ему" ; - PF Dat Yes NonPoss => "нему" ; - PF Acc No NonPoss => "его" ; - PF Acc Yes NonPoss => "него" ; - PF Inst No NonPoss => "им" ; - PF Inst Yes NonPoss => "ним" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => "нём" ; - PF _ _ (Poss _ ) => "его" - } ; - g = PGen Neut ; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronMu: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "мы" ; - PF Gen _ NonPoss => "наÑ" ; - PF Dat _ NonPoss => "нам" ; - PF Acc _ NonPoss => "наÑ" ; - PF Inst _ NonPoss => "нами" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => ["о наÑ"] ; - PF Nom _ ((Poss (ASg Masc))) => "наш" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "нашего" ; - PF Dat _ ((Poss (ASg Masc))) => "нашему" ; - PF Acc _ ((Poss (ASg Masc))) => "нашего" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "нашим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "нашем" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "наша" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "нашей" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "нашей" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "нашу" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "нашею" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "нашей" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "наше" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "нашего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "нашему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "наше" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "нашим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "нашем" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss APl) => "наши" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss APl)=> "наших" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss APl) => "нашим" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss APl) => "наших" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss APl) => "нашими" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss APl) => "наших" - }; - g = PNoGen ; - n = Pl ; - p = P1 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronVu: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "вы" ; - PF Gen _ NonPoss => "ваÑ" ; - PF Dat _ NonPoss => "вам" ; - PF Acc _ NonPoss => "ваÑ" ; - PF Inst _ NonPoss => "вами" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => "ваÑ" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "ваш" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "вашего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "вашему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "вашего" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "вашим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Masc)) => "вашем" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "ваша" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "вашей" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "вашей" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "вашу" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "вашею" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Fem)) => "вашей" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "ваше" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "вашего" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "вашему" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "ваше" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "вашим" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss (ASg Neut)) => "вашем" ; - PF Nom _ (Poss APl) => "ваши" ; - PF Gen _ (Poss APl)=> "ваших" ; - PF Dat _ (Poss APl) => "вашим" ; - PF Acc _ (Poss APl) => "ваших" ; - PF Inst _ (Poss APl) => "вашими" ; - PF Prepos _ (Poss APl) => "ваших" - }; - g = PNoGen ; - n = Pl ; - p = P2 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronOni: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ NonPoss => "они" ; - PF Gen No NonPoss => "их" ; - PF Gen Yes NonPoss => "них" ; - PF Dat No NonPoss => "им" ; - PF Dat Yes NonPoss => "ним" ; - PF Acc No NonPoss => "их" ; - PF Acc Yes NonPoss => "них" ; - PF Inst No NonPoss => "ими" ; - PF Inst Yes NonPoss => "ними" ; - PF Prepos _ NonPoss => ["о них"] ; - PF _ _ (Poss _) => "их" - } ; - g = PNoGen ; - n = Pl ; - p = P3 ; - pron = True - } ; - -oper pronKtoTo: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "кто-то" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "кого-то" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "кому-то" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "кого-то" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "кем-то" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => "ком-то" - } ; - g = PGen Masc; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; -oper pronChtoTo: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "что-то" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "чего-то" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "чему-то" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "что-то" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "чем-то" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => "чём-то" - } ; - g = PGen Masc; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; -oper pronNikto: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "никто" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "никого" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "никому" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "никого" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "никем" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => ["ни о ком"] -- only together with a preposition - } ; - g = PGen Masc; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; - -oper pronNichto: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "ничто" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "ничего" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "ничему" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "ничего" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "ничем" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => ["ни о чём"] -- only together with preposition - } ; - g = PGen Masc; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; - -oper pronVseInanimate: Pronoun = - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "вÑÑ‘" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "вÑего" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "вÑему" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "вÑÑ‘" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "вÑем" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => "вÑём" - } ; - g = PGen Neut; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; - ---2 Nouns - --- Help type SubstFormDecl is introduced to reduce repetition in --- the declination definitions. It allows us to define a declination type, --- namely, the String component "s" of the CommNoun type --- without any reference to the Gender parameter "g". - -oper SubstFormDecl = SS1 SubstForm ; - -oper gorlo : CommNoun = l_oEndInAnimateDecl "горл" ; -oper koleno : CommNoun = oEndInAnimateDecl "колен" ; -oper plecho : CommNoun = oEndInAnimateDecl "плеч" ; -oper ukho : CommNoun = oEnd_KH_InAnimateDecl "у" ; -oper zhivot : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "живот" ; -oper grud : CommNoun = softSignEndDeclFem "груд" ; -oper ruka : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "рук" ; -oper spina : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "Ñпин" ; -oper stopa : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "Ñтоп" ; - -oper astma : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "аÑтм" ; -oper angina : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "ангин" ; -oper revmatizm : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "ревматизм" ; -oper zapor : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "запор" ; -oper ponos : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "поноÑ" ; -oper artrit : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "артрит" ; -oper diabet : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "диабет" ; -oper tsistit : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "циÑтит" ; -oper izzhoga : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "изжог" ; -oper allergiya : CommNoun = i_yaEndDecl "аллерги" ; - -oper viagra : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "виагр" ; -oper antidepressant : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "антидепреÑÑант" ; -oper insulin : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "инÑулин" ; -oper vitamin : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "витамин" ; -oper antibiotik : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl3 "антибиотик" ; -oper kaplya : CommNoun = (l_yaEndInAnimateDecl "кап") ** {g = Fem; anim = Inanimate} ; -oper snotvornoe : CommNoun = oeEndInAnimateDecl "Ñнотворн" ; -oper uspokoitelnoe : CommNoun = oeEndInAnimateDecl "уÑпокоительн" ; -oper slabitelnoe : CommNoun = oeEndInAnimateDecl "Ñлабительн" ; - -oper urolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "уролог" ; -oper ginekolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "гинеколог" ; -oper nevropatolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "невропатолог" ; -oper dermatolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "дерматолог" ; -oper kardiolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "кардиолог" ; -oper terapevt : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl2 "терапевт" ; -oper okulist : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl2 "окулиÑÑ‚" ; -oper pediatr : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl2 "педиатр" ; -oper khirurg : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl2 "хирург" ; - -oper muzhchina : CommNoun = (aEndAnimateDecl "мужчин") ** { g = Masc ; anim = Animate } ; -oper zhenchina : CommNoun = (aEndAnimateDecl "женщин") ** { g = Fem ; anim = Animate } ; -oper mama : CommNoun = (aEndAnimateDecl "мам")**{ g = Fem ; anim = Animate } ; -oper cena : CommNoun = (aEndAnimateDecl "цен") ** { g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate } ; - -oper aEndAnimateDecl: Str -> SubstFormDecl = \muzhchin -> -{s = table { - SF Sg Nom => muzhchin+"а" ; - SF Sg Gen => muzhchin+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Sg Dat => muzhchin+"е" ; - SF Sg Acc => muzhchin+"у" ; - SF Sg Inst => muzhchin+"ой" ; - SF Sg Prepos => muzhchin +"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => muzhchin +"Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Gen => muzhchin ; - SF Pl Dat => muzhchin+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => muzhchin ; - SF Pl Inst => muzhchin+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => muzhchin+"ах" } - } ; - -oper stomatolog : CommNoun = nullEndAnimateDecl "Ñтоматолог" ; -oper nullEndAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \stomatolog -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => stomatolog ; - SF Sg Gen => stomatolog+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => stomatolog+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => stomatolog +"а" ; - SF Sg Inst => stomatolog+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => stomatolog+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => stomatolog+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => stomatolog+"ов" ; - SF Pl Dat => stomatolog+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => stomatolog+"ов" ; - SF Pl Inst => stomatolog+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => stomatolog+"ах" } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Animate - } ; -oper nullEndAnimateDecl2: Str -> CommNoun = \stomatolog -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => stomatolog ; - SF Sg Gen => stomatolog+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => stomatolog+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => stomatolog +"а" ; - SF Sg Inst => stomatolog+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => stomatolog+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => stomatolog+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Gen => stomatolog+"ов" ; - SF Pl Dat => stomatolog+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => stomatolog+"ов" ; - SF Pl Inst => stomatolog+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => stomatolog+"ах" } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Animate - } ; - -oper gripp : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "грипп" ; -oper bar : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "бар" ; -oper telefon: CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "телефон" ; -oper restoran : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl1 "реÑторан" ; - --- Note: Plural form of the "грипп" (influenza) is a bit doubious --- However, according to http://starling.rinet.ru/morph.htm it exists. --- so we also keep it. -oper nullEndInAnimateDecl1: Str -> CommNoun = \gripp -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => gripp ; - SF Sg Gen => gripp+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => gripp+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => gripp ; - SF Sg Inst => gripp+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => gripp+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => gripp+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Gen => gripp+"ов" ; - SF Pl Dat => gripp+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => gripp +"Ñ‹"; - SF Pl Inst => gripp+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => gripp+"ах" - } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Inanimate - - } ; - -oper adres: CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl2 "адреÑ" ; -oper dom : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl2 "дом" ; -oper svet : CommNoun = nullEndInAnimateDecl2 "Ñвет" ; -oper nullEndInAnimateDecl2: Str -> CommNoun = \gripp -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => gripp ; - SF Sg Gen => gripp+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => gripp+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => gripp ; - SF Sg Inst => gripp+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => gripp+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => gripp+"а" ; - SF Pl Gen => gripp+"ов" ; - - SF Pl Dat => gripp+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => gripp +"а"; - SF Pl Inst => gripp+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => gripp+"ах" - } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Inanimate - } ; -oper nullEndInAnimateDecl3: Str -> CommNoun = \antibiotik -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => antibiotik ; - SF Sg Gen => antibiotik+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => antibiotik+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => antibiotik ; - SF Sg Inst => antibiotik+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => antibiotik+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => antibiotik+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => antibiotik+"ов" ; - - SF Pl Dat => antibiotik+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => antibiotik +"и"; - SF Pl Inst => antibiotik+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => antibiotik+"ах" - } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper obezbolivauchee : CommNoun = eeEndInAnimateDecl "обезболивающ" ; -oper eeEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \obezbolivauch -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => obezbolivauch +"ее"; - SF Sg Gen => obezbolivauch+"его" ; - SF Sg Dat => obezbolivauch+"ему" ; - SF Sg Acc => obezbolivauch +"ее"; - SF Sg Inst => obezbolivauch+"им" ; - SF Sg Prepos => obezbolivauch+"ем" ; - SF Pl Nom => obezbolivauch+"ие" ; - SF Pl Gen => obezbolivauch+"их" ; - SF Pl Dat => obezbolivauch+"им" ; - SF Pl Acc => obezbolivauch+"ие" ; - SF Pl Inst => obezbolivauch+"ими" ; - SF Pl Prepos => obezbolivauch+"их" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper oeEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \snotvorn -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => snotvorn +"ое"; - SF Sg Gen => snotvorn+"ого" ; - SF Sg Dat => snotvorn+"ому" ; - SF Sg Acc => snotvorn +"ое"; - SF Sg Inst => snotvorn+"ым" ; - SF Sg Prepos => snotvorn+"ом" ; - SF Pl Nom => snotvorn+"ые" ; - SF Pl Gen => snotvorn+"Ñ‹Ñ…" ; - SF Pl Dat => snotvorn+"ым" ; - SF Pl Acc => snotvorn+"ые" ; - SF Pl Inst => snotvorn+"ыми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => snotvorn+"Ñ‹Ñ…" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper proizvedenie : CommNoun = eEndInAnimateDecl "произведени" ; -oper eEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \proizvedeni -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => proizvedeni +"е"; - SF Sg Gen => proizvedeni+"Ñ" ; - SF Sg Dat => proizvedeni+"ÑŽ" ; - SF Sg Acc => proizvedeni +"е"; - SF Sg Inst => proizvedeni+"ем" ; - SF Sg Prepos => proizvedeni+"и" ; - SF Pl Nom => proizvedeni+"Ñ" ; - SF Pl Gen => proizvedeni+"й" ; - SF Pl Dat => proizvedeni+"Ñм" ; - SF Pl Acc => proizvedeni+"Ñ" ; - SF Pl Inst => proizvedeni+"Ñми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => proizvedeni+"ÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; -oper chislo : CommNoun = l_oEndInAnimateDecl "чиÑл" ; -oper vino : CommNoun = l_oEndInAnimateDecl "вин" ; -oper l_oEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \chisl -> - let { chis = Predef.tk 1 chisl ; ending = Predef.dp 3 chisl } in - oEndInAnimateDecl3 chisl (chis+"e"+ending) ; -oper oEndInAnimateDecl3: Str -> Str -> CommNoun = \chisl, chisel -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => chisl +"о"; - SF Sg Gen => chisl+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => chisl+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => chisl +"о"; - SF Sg Inst => chisl+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => chisl+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => chisl+"а" ; - SF Pl Gen => chisel; - SF Pl Dat => chisl+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => chisl+"а" ; - SF Pl Inst => chisl+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => chisl+"ах" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper oEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \plech -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => plech+"о" ; - SF Sg Gen => plech+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => plech+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => plech+"о" ; - SF Sg Inst => plech+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => plech+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => plech+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => plech; - SF Pl Dat => plech+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => plech+"и" ; - SF Pl Inst => plech+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => plech+"ÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; -oper oEnd_KH_InAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \u -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => u+"хо" ; - SF Sg Gen => u+"ха" ; - SF Sg Dat => u+"ху" ; - SF Sg Acc => u+"хо" ; - SF Sg Inst => u+"хом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => u+"хе" ; - SF Pl Nom => u+"ши" ; - SF Pl Gen => u +"шей"; - SF Pl Dat => u+"шам" ; - SF Pl Acc => u+"ши" ; - SF Pl Inst => u+"шами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => u+"шах" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - - -oper malaria : CommNoun = i_yaEndDecl "малÑри" ; -oper i_yaEndDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \malar -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => malar+"Ñ" ; - SF Sg Gen => malar+"и" ; - SF Sg Dat => malar+"и" ; - SF Sg Acc => malar+"ÑŽ" ; - SF Sg Inst => malar+"ей" ; - SF Sg Prepos => malar+"и" ; - SF Pl Nom => malar+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => malar+"й" ; - SF Pl Dat => malar+"Ñм" ; - SF Pl Acc => malar+"и" ; - SF Pl Inst => malar+"Ñми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => malar+"ÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper bol : CommNoun = softSignEndDeclFem "бол" ; -oper nol : CommNoun = softSignEndDeclMasc "нол" ; -oper uroven : CommNoun = EN_softSignEndDeclMasc "уровен" ; -oper softSignEndDeclFem: Str -> CommNoun = \bol -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => bol+"ÑŒ" ; - SF Sg Gen => bol+"и" ; - SF Sg Dat => bol+"и" ; - SF Sg Acc => bol+"ÑŒ" ; - - SF Sg Inst => bol+"ью" ; - SF Sg Prepos => bol+"и" ; - SF Pl Nom => bol+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => bol+"ей" ; - SF Pl Dat => bol+"Ñм" ; - SF Pl Acc => bol+"и" ; - SF Pl Inst => bol+"Ñми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => bol+"ÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate - } ; -oper softSignEndDeclMasc: Str -> CommNoun = \nol -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => nol+"ÑŒ" ; - SF Sg Gen => nol+"Ñ" ; - SF Sg Dat => nol+"ÑŽ" ; - SF Sg Acc => nol+"ÑŒ" ; - SF Sg Inst => nol+"ем" ; - SF Sg Prepos => nol+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => nol+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => nol+"ей" ; - SF Pl Dat => nol+"Ñм" ; - SF Pl Acc => nol+"и" ; - SF Pl Inst => nol+"Ñми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => nol+"ÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper EN_softSignEndDeclMasc: Str -> CommNoun = \rem -> - {s = table - { SF Sg Nom => rem+"ень" ; - SF Sg Gen => rem+"нÑ" ; - SF Sg Dat => rem+"ню" ; - SF Sg Acc => rem+"ень" ; - SF Sg Inst => rem+"нем" ; - SF Sg Prepos => rem+"не" ; - SF Pl Nom => rem+"ни" ; - SF Pl Gen => rem+"ней" ; - SF Pl Dat => rem+"нÑм" ; - SF Pl Acc => rem+"ни" ; - SF Pl Inst => rem+"нÑми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => rem+"нÑÑ…" - } ; - g = Masc ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - -oper noga : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "ног" ; -oper doroga : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "дорог" ; -oper dvojka : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "двойк" ; -oper butyulka : CommNoun = aEndG_K_KH_Decl "бутылк" ; -oper aEndG_K_KH_Decl: Str -> CommNoun = \nog -> -{ s = table { - SF Sg Nom => nog+"а" ; - SF Sg Gen => nog+"и" ; - SF Sg Dat => nog+"е" ; - SF Sg Acc => nog+"у" ; - SF Sg Inst => nog+"ой" ; - SF Sg Prepos => nog+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => nog+"и" ; - SF Pl Gen => nog ; - SF Pl Dat => nog+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => nog+ "и" ; - SF Pl Inst => nog+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => nog+"ах" - } ; - g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate -} ; - -oper golova : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "голов" ; -oper mashina : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "машин" ; -oper temperatura : CommNoun = aEndInAnimateDecl "температур" ; -oper edinica : CommNoun = ej_aEndInAnimateDecl "единиц" ; - -oper aEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \golov -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => golov+"а" ; - SF Sg Gen => golov+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Sg Dat => golov+"е" ; - SF Sg Acc => golov+"у" ; - SF Sg Inst => golov+"ой" ; - SF Sg Prepos => golov+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => golov+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Gen => golov ; - SF Pl Dat => golov+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => golov+ "Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Inst => golov+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => golov+"ах" - } ; - g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate - } ; -oper ej_aEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \ediniz -> - { s = table - { SF Sg Nom => ediniz+"а" ; - SF Sg Gen => ediniz+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Sg Dat => ediniz+"е" ; - SF Sg Acc => ediniz+"у" ; - SF Sg Inst => ediniz+"ей" ; - SF Sg Prepos => ediniz+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => ediniz+"Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Gen => ediniz ; - SF Pl Dat => ediniz+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => ediniz+ "Ñ‹" ; - SF Pl Inst => ediniz+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => ediniz+"ах" - } ; - g = Fem ; anim = Inanimate - } ; - - -oper dyadya : CommNoun = (yaEndAnimateDecl "дÑд") ** {g = Masc; anim = Animate} ; -oper yaEndAnimateDecl: Str -> SubstFormDecl = \nyan -> -{s = table { - SF Sg Nom => nyan + "Ñ" ; - SF Sg Gen => nyan + "и" ; - SF Sg Dat => nyan + "е" ; - SF Sg Acc => nyan + "ÑŽ" ; - SF Sg Inst => nyan + "ей" ; - SF Sg Prepos => nyan + "е" ; - SF Pl Nom => nyan + "и" ; - SF Pl Gen => nyan + "ей" ; - SF Pl Inst => nyan + "Ñми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => nyan + "ÑÑ…" ; - SF Pl Dat => nyan + "Ñм" ; - SF Pl Acc => nyan + "ей" - } - } ; -oper l_yaEndInAnimateDecl: Str -> SubstFormDecl = \kap -> -{s = table { - SF Sg Nom => kap + "лÑ" ; - SF Sg Gen => kap + "ли" ; - SF Sg Dat => kap + "ле" ; - SF Sg Acc => kap + "лю" ; - SF Sg Inst => kap + "лей" ; - SF Sg Prepos => kap + "ле" ; - SF Pl Nom => kap + "ли" ; - SF Pl Gen => kap + "ель" ; - SF Pl Inst => kap + "лÑми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => kap + "лÑÑ…" ; - SF Pl Dat => kap + "лÑм" ; - SF Pl Acc => kap + "ли" - } - } ; - -oper oEnd_Decl: Str -> CommNoun = \bolshinstv -> -{ s = table { - SF Sg Nom => bolshinstv+"о" ; - SF Sg Gen => bolshinstv+"а" ; - SF Sg Dat => bolshinstv+"у" ; - SF Sg Acc => bolshinstv+"о" ; - SF Sg Inst => bolshinstv+"ом" ; - SF Sg Prepos => bolshinstv+"е" ; - SF Pl Nom => bolshinstv+"а" ; - SF Pl Gen => bolshinstv ; - SF Pl Dat => bolshinstv+"ам" ; - SF Pl Acc => bolshinstv+ "а" ; - SF Pl Inst => bolshinstv+"ами" ; - SF Pl Prepos => bolshinstv+"ах" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate -} ; - -oper goEnd_SgDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \mno -> -{ s = table { - SF _ Nom => mno+"го" ; - SF _ Gen => mno +"гих"; - SF _ Dat => mno+"гим" ; - SF _ Acc => mno+"го" ; - SF _ Inst => mno+"гими" ; - SF _ Prepos => mno+"гих" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate -} ; -oper oEnd_PlDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \menshinstv -> -{ s = table { - SF _ Nom => menshinstv+"а" ; - SF _ Gen => menshinstv; - SF _ Dat => menshinstv+"ам" ; - SF _ Acc => menshinstv+"ва" ; - SF _ Inst => menshinstv+"ами" ; - SF _ Prepos => menshinstv+"вах" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate -} ; -oper oEnd_SgDecl: Str -> CommNoun = \bolshinstv -> -{ s = table { - SF _ Nom => bolshinstv+"о" ; - SF _ Gen => bolshinstv+"а" ; - SF _ Dat => bolshinstv+"у" ; - SF _ Acc => bolshinstv+"о" ; - SF _ Inst => bolshinstv+"ом" ; - SF _ Prepos => bolshinstv+"е" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate -} ; - --- Note: Now we consider only the plural form of the pronoun "вÑе" (all) --- treated as an adjective (see AllDetPl definition). --- The meaning "entire" is not considered, which allows us to form --- the pronoun-adjective from the substantive form below: - -oper eEnd_Decl: Str -> CommNoun = \vs -> -{ s = table { - SF Sg Nom => vs+"е" ; - SF Sg Gen => vs+"ех" ; - SF Sg Dat => vs+"ем" ; - SF Sg Acc => vs+"ех" ; - SF Sg Inst => vs+"еми" ; - SF Sg Prepos => vs+"ех" ; - SF Pl Nom => vs+"е" ; - SF Pl Gen => vs +"ех"; - SF Pl Dat => vs+"ем" ; - SF Pl Acc => vs+ "ех" ; - SF Pl Inst => vs+"еми" ; - SF Pl Prepos => vs+"ех" - } ; - g = Neut ; anim = Inanimate -} ; - ---2 Adjectives - --- Type Adjective only has positive degree while AdjDegr type --- includes also comparative and superlative forms. --- The later entries can be converted into the former using --- "extAdjective" operation defined in the syntax module --- and vice verca using "mkAdjDeg" operation. - -oper - adjInvar: Str -> Adjective = \s -> { s = \\af => s }; - - kazhdujDet: Adjective = uy_j_EndDecl "кажд" ; - samuj: Adjective = uy_j_EndDecl "Ñам" ; - lubojDet: Adjective = uy_oj_EndDecl "люб" ; - glaznoj: Adjective = uy_oj_EndDecl "глазн" ; - kotorujDet: Adjective = uy_j_EndDecl "котор"; - nekotorujDet: Adjective = uy_j_EndDecl "некотор"; - takoj: Adjective = i_oj_EndDecl "так" []; - kakojNibudDet: Adjective = i_oj_EndDecl "как" "-нибудь"; - kakojDet: Adjective = i_oj_EndDecl "как" []; - nikakojDet: Adjective = i_oj_EndDecl "никак" []; - bolshinstvoSgDet: Adjective = extAdjFromSubst (oEnd_SgDecl "большинÑтв"); - mnogoSgDet: Adjective = extAdjFromSubst (goEnd_SgDecl "мно"); - bolshinstvoPlDet: Adjective = extAdjFromSubst (oEnd_PlDecl "большинÑтв"); - vseDetPl: Adjective = extAdjFromSubst (eEnd_Decl "вÑ") ; - extAdjFromSubst: CommNoun -> Adjective = \ vse -> - {s = \\af => vse.s ! SF (numAF af) (caseAF af) } ; - -oper mkAdjDeg: Adjective -> Str -> AdjDegr = \adj, s -> - { s = table - { - Pos => adj.s ; - Comp => \\af => s ; - Super => \\af => samuj.s !af ++ adj.s ! af - } - }; -oper uzhasnuj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (uy_j_EndDecl "ужаÑн") "ужаÑнее"; -oper schastlivyuj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (uy_j_EndDecl "ÑчаÑтлив") "ÑчаÑтливее"; -oper deshevuj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (uy_j_EndDecl "дешев") "дешевле"; -oper staruj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (uy_j_EndDecl "Ñтар") "Ñтарше"; -oper totDet: Adjective = {s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => "тот"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => "та"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => "то"; - AF Nom _ APl => "те"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => "тот"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => "того"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => "ту"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => "то"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => "те"; - AF Acc Animate APl => "тех"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => "того"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => "той"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => "того"; - AF Gen _ APl => "тех"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => "тем"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => "той"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => "тем"; - AF Inst _ APl => "теми"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => "тому"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => "той"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => "тому"; - AF Dat _ APl => "тем"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => "том"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => "той"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => "том"; - AF Prepos _ APl => "тех" ; - AdvF => "то" - } - } ; -oper etotDet: Adjective = {s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => "Ñтот"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñта"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñто"; - AF Nom _ APl => "Ñти"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => "Ñтот"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => "Ñтого"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñту"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñто"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => "Ñти"; - AF Acc Animate APl => "Ñтих"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => "Ñтого"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñтой"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñтого"; - AF Gen _ APl => "Ñтих"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => "Ñтим"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñтой"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñтим"; - AF Inst _ APl => "Ñтими"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => "Ñтому"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñтой"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñтому"; - AF Dat _ APl => "Ñтим"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => "Ñтом"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => "Ñтой"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => "Ñтом"; - AF Prepos _ APl => "Ñтих"; - AdvF => "Ñто" - } - } ; -oper vesDet: Adjective = {s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => "веÑÑŒ"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => "вÑÑ"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => "вÑÑ‘"; - AF Nom _ APl => "вÑе"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => "веÑÑŒ"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => "вÑего"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => "вÑÑŽ"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => "вÑÑ‘"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => "вÑе"; - AF Acc Animate APl => "вÑех"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => "вÑего"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => "вÑей"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => "вÑего"; - AF Gen _ APl => "вÑех"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => "вÑем"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => "вÑей"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => "вÑем"; - AF Inst _ APl => "вÑеми"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => "ему"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => "ей"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => "ему"; - AF Dat _ APl => "вÑем"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => "вÑём"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => "вÑей"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => "вÑём"; - AF Prepos _ APl => "вÑех" ; - AdvF => "полноÑтью" - } - } ; -oper uy_j_EndDecl : Str -> Adjective = \s ->{s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ый"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => s+"аÑ"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Nom _ APl => s+"ые"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => s+"ый"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ую"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => s+"ые"; - AF Acc Animate APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ым"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ым"; - AF Inst _ APl => s+"ыми"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ APl => s+"ым"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AdvF => "о" - } - } ; -oper indijskij: Adjective = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "индийÑк" ; -oper francuzskij: Adjective = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "французÑк" ; -oper russkij: Adjective = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "руÑÑк" ; -oper italyanskij: Adjective = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "итальÑнÑк" ; -oper yaponskij: Adjective = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "ÑпонÑк" ; -oper malenkij: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "маленьк") "меньше" ; -oper vusokij: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "выÑок") "выше"; -oper ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl : Str -> Adjective = \s ->{s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ий"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => s+"аÑ"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Nom _ APl => s+"ие"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => s+"ий"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ую"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Acc Animate APl => s+"их"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => s+"ие"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ APl => s+"их"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => s+"им"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => s+"им"; - AF Inst _ APl => s+"ими"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ APl => s+"им"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ APl => s+"их"; - AdvF => "о" - } - } ; - -oper bolshoj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (i_oj_EndDecl "больш" []) "больше"; -oper dorogoj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (i_oj_EndDecl "дорог" []) "дороже"; -oper i_oj_EndDecl : Str -> Str -> Adjective = \s, chastica ->{s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ой" + chastica ; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => s+"аÑ"+ chastica ; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"+ chastica ; - AF Nom _ APl => s+"ие"+ chastica ; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"+ chastica ; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => s+"ое"+ chastica ; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ую"+ chastica ; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"+ chastica ; - AF Acc Animate APl => s+"их"+ chastica ; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => s+"ие"+ chastica ; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"+ chastica ; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"+ chastica ; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ого"+ chastica ; - AF Gen _ APl => s+"их"+ chastica ; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => s+"им"+ chastica ; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"+ chastica ; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => s+"им"+ chastica ; - AF Inst _ APl => s+"ими"+ chastica ; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ому"+ chastica ; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"+ chastica ; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ому"+ chastica ; - AF Dat _ APl => s+"им"+ chastica ; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ом"+ chastica ; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"+ chastica ; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ом"+ chastica ; - AF Prepos _ APl => s+"их" + chastica; - AdvF => "о" - } - } ; -oper molodoj: AdjDegr = mkAdjDeg (uy_oj_EndDecl "молод") "моложе"; -oper uy_oj_EndDecl : Str -> Adjective = \s ->{s = table { - AF Nom _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ой"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Fem) => s+"аÑ"; - AF Nom _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Nom _ APl => s+"ые"; - AF Acc Animate (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Acc Inanimate (ASg Masc) => s+"ой"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ую"; - AF Acc _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ое"; - AF Acc Animate APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AF Acc Inanimate APl => s+"ые"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Gen _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ого"; - AF Gen _ APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ым"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Inst _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ым"; - AF Inst _ APl => s+"ыми"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Dat _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ому"; - AF Dat _ APl => s+"ым"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Masc) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Fem) => s+"ой"; - AF Prepos _ (ASg Neut) => s+"ом"; - AF Prepos _ APl => s+"Ñ‹Ñ…"; - AdvF => "о" - } - } ; -oper prostuzhen: Adjective = shortDecl1 "проÑтужен" ; -oper beremenen: Adjective = shortDecl "беремен" ; -oper need: Adjective = shortDecl "нуж" ; -oper shortDecl1 : Str -> Adjective = \s ->{s = table { - AF _ _ (ASg Masc) => s; - AF _ _ (ASg Fem) => s+"а"; - AF _ _ (ASg Neut) => s+"о"; - AF _ _ APl => s+"Ñ‹" ; - AdvF => "о" - } - } ; -oper shortDecl : Str -> Adjective = \s ->{s = table { - AF _ _ (ASg Masc) => s +"ен"; - AF _ _ (ASg Fem) => s+"на"; - AF _ _ (ASg Neut) => s+"но"; - AF _ _ APl => s+"ны" ; - AdvF => "о" - } } ; - --- 2 Adverbs - -oper vsegda: Adverb = { s = "вÑегда" } ; -oper chorosho: Adverb = { s = "хорошо" } ; - --- 2 Verbs - --- Dummy verbum "have" that corresponds to the phrases like --- "I have a headache" in English. The corresponding sentence --- in Russian doesn't contain a verb: - -oper have: Verbum = {s=\\ vf => "-" ; asp = Imperfective} ; - --- There are two common conjugations --- (according to the number and the person of the subject) --- patterns in the present tense in the indicative mood. - -param Conjugation = First | FirstE | Second | Mixed | Dolzhen; - ---3 First conjugation (in Present) verbs : - -oper verbGulyat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "гулÑ" "ÑŽ" "гулÑл" "гулÑй" "гулÑÑ‚ÑŒ"; -oper verbVkluchat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "включа" "ÑŽ" "включал" "включай" "включать"; -oper verbVukluchat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "выключа" "ÑŽ" "выключал" "выключай" "выключать"; -oper verbZhdat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "жд" "у" "ждал" "жди" "ждать" ; -oper verbBegat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "бега" "ÑŽ" "бегал" "бегай" "бегать"; -oper verbPrinimat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "принима" "ÑŽ" "принимал" "принимай" "принимать"; -oper verbDokazuvat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "доказыва" "ÑŽ" "доказывал" "доказывай" "доказывать"; -oper verbPredpochitat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "предпочита" "ÑŽ" "предпочитал" "предпочитай" "предпочитать"; -oper verbOtpravlyat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective First "отправлÑ" "ÑŽ" "отправлÑл" "отправлÑй" "отправлÑÑ‚ÑŒ"; -oper verbSlomat : Verbum = verbDecl Perfective First "Ñлома" "ÑŽ" "Ñломал" "Ñломай" "Ñломать"; -oper verbByut : Verbum = verbDecl Perfective First "буд" "у" "был" "будь" "быть"; -oper verbMoch : Verbum = verbDeclMoch Imperfective First "мог" "у" "мог" "моги" "мочь" "мож"; - --- Verbs with vowel "Ñ‘": "даёшь" (give), "пьёшь" (drink) : -oper verbDavat : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective FirstE "да" "ÑŽ" "давал" "давай" "давать"; -oper verbPit : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective FirstE "пь" "ÑŽ" "пил" "пей" "пить"; - ---3 Second conjugation (in Present) verbs : - -oper verbLubit : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective Second "люб" "лю" "любил" "люби" "любить"; -oper verbGovorit : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective Second "говор" "ÑŽ" "говорил" "говори" "говорить"; - oper verbBolet_2 : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective Second "бол" "ÑŽ" "болел" "боли" "болеть"; -oper verbPoranit : Verbum = verbDecl Perfective Second "поран" "ÑŽ" "поранил" "порань" "поранить"; - -- Irregular Mixed: -oper verbKhotet : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective Mixed "хоч" "у" "хотел" "хоти" "хотеть"; - --- Irregular -oper verbDolzhen : Verbum = verbDecl Imperfective Dolzhen "долж" "ен" "долж" ["будь должен"] ["быть должным"] ; - --- To reduces the redundancies in the definitions --- we introduce some intermediate types, --- so that the full type can be described as a combination --- of the intermediate types. For example "AspectVoice" --- is a type for defining a pattern for a particular --- aspect and voice. - -oper AspectVoice: Type = { s : VerbConj => Str ; asp: Aspect } ; - --- "PresentVerb" takes care of the present tense conjugation. - -param PresentVF = PRF GenNum Person; -oper PresentVerb : Type = PresentVF => Str ; -oper presentConjDolzhen: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End -> - table { - PRF APl _ => del+ "ны" ; - PRF (ASg Masc) P1 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg Fem) P1 => del+ "на" ; - PRF (ASg Neut) P1 => del+ "но" ; - PRF (ASg Masc) P2 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg Fem) P2 => del+ "на" ; - PRF (ASg Neut) P2 => del+ "но" ; - PRF (ASg Masc) P3 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg Fem) P3 => del+ "на" ; - PRF (ASg Neut) P3 => del+ "но" }; - -oper presentConjMixed: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => del+ "ешь" ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => del+ "ет" ; - PRF APl P1 => del+ "им" ; - PRF APl P2 => del+ "ите" ; - PRF APl P3 => del+ "ÑÑ‚" - }; -oper presentConj2: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => del+ "ишь" ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => del+ "ит" ; - PRF APl P1 => del+ "им" ; - PRF APl P2 => del+ "ите" ; - PRF APl P3 => del+ "ÑÑ‚" - }; - -oper presentConj1E: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => del+ "ёшь" ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => del+ "Ñ‘Ñ‚" ; - PRF APl P1 => del+ "ём" ; - PRF APl P2 => del+ "ёте" ; - PRF APl P3 => del+ sgP1End + "Ñ‚" - }; -oper presentConj1: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => del+ sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => del+ "ешь" ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => del+ "ет" ; - PRF APl P1 => del+ "ем" ; - PRF APl P2 => del+ "ете" ; - PRF APl P3 => del+ sgP1End + "Ñ‚" - }; - -oper presentConj1Moch: Str -> Str -> Str -> PresentVerb = \del, sgP1End, altRoot -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => del + sgP1End ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => altRoot + "ешь" ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => altRoot + "ет" ; - PRF APl P1 => altRoot + "ем" ; - PRF APl P2 => altRoot + "ете" ; - PRF APl P3 => del+ sgP1End + "Ñ‚" - }; - --- "PastVerb" takes care of the past tense conjugation. - -param PastVF = PSF GenNum ; -oper PastVerb : Type = PastVF => Str ; -oper pastConj: Str -> PastVerb = \del -> - table { - PSF (ASg Masc) => del ; - PSF (ASg Fem) => del +"а" ; - PSF (ASg Neut) => del+"о" ; - PSF APl => del+ "и" - }; - -oper pastConjDolzhen: Str -> PastVerb = \del -> - table { - PSF (ASg Masc) => ["был "] + del + "ен" ; - PSF (ASg Fem) => ["была "] + del + "на" ; - PSF (ASg Neut) => ["было "] + del + "но" ; - PSF APl => ["были "] + del + "ны" - }; - --- "verbDecl" sorts out verbs according to the aspect and voice parameters. --- It produces the full conjugation table for a verb entry - -oper verbDecl: Aspect -> Conjugation -> Str -> Str -> Str -> Str ->Str -> Verbum = - \a, c, del, sgP1End, sgMascPast, imperSgP2, inf -> case a of -{ Perfective => case c of { - First => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1 del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - FirstE => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1E del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Second => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj2 del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Mixed => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConjMixed del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Dolzhen => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConjDolzhen del sgP1End) (pastConjDolzhen sgMascPast)) (pastConjDolzhen sgMascPast) -} ; - Imperfective => case c of { - First => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1 del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - FirstE => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1E del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Second => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj2 del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Mixed => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConjMixed del sgP1End) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast) ; - Dolzhen => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConjDolzhen del sgP1End) (pastConjDolzhen sgMascPast)) (pastConjDolzhen sgMascPast) - } -}; - --- for verbs like "мочь" ("can") with changing consonants (first conjugation): --- "могу - можешь" -oper verbDeclMoch: Aspect -> Conjugation -> Str -> Str -> Str -> Str ->Str -> Str -> Verbum = - \a, c, del, sgP1End, sgMascPast, imperSgP2, inf, altRoot -> case a of -{ Perfective => mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1Moch del sgP1End altRoot) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast); - Imperfective => mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 (presentConj1Moch del sgP1End altRoot) (pastConj sgMascPast)) (pastConj sgMascPast) - }; - --- "mkVerb" produce the passive forms from --- the active forms using the "mkPassive" method. --- Passive is expressed in Russian by so called reflexive verbs, --- which are formed from the active form by suffixation. - - oper mkVerb : AspectVoice -> PastVerb -> Verbum = \av1, pv -> - { s = table { - VFORM Act vf => av1.s !vf; - VFORM Pass vf => (mkPassive av1 pv ).s ! vf - } ; - asp = av1.asp -}; - - vowels : Strs = strs { - "а" ; "е" ; "Ñ‘" ; "и" ; "о" ; "у" ; - "Ñ‹" ; "Ñ" ; "ÑŽ" ; "Ñ" - } ; - -oper mkPassive: AspectVoice -> PastVerb -> AspectVoice = \av, pv -> - { s = table { - VINF => av.s ! VINF + "ÑÑ"; - VIMP Sg P1 => av.s ! (VIMP Sg P1) +"ÑÑŒ" ; - VIMP Pl P1 => av.s ! (VIMP Pl P1) +"ÑÑ"; - VIMP Sg P2 => av.s ! (VIMP Sg P2 ) +"ÑÑŒ"; - VIMP Pl P2 => av.s! (VIMP Pl P2) +"ÑÑŒ"; - VIMP Sg P3 => av.s ! (VIMP Sg P3) +"ÑÑ"; - VIMP Pl P3 => av.s ! (VIMP Pl P3) +"ÑÑ"; - VSUB (ASg Masc) => pv ! (PSF (ASg Masc)) + "ÑÑ"+[" бы"]; - VSUB (ASg Fem) => pv ! (PSF (ASg Fem)) + "ÑÑŒ"+[" бы"]; - VSUB (ASg Neut) => pv ! (PSF (ASg Neut)) + "ÑÑŒ"+[" бы"]; - VSUB APl => pv ! (PSF APl) + "ÑÑŒ"+[" бы"] ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P1) => - -- case av.asp of { Imperfective => - av.s ! (VIND (VPresent Sg P1)) + "ÑÑŒ" ; - -- Perfective = > nonExist - -- } ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P2) => av.s ! (VIND (VPresent Sg P2))+ "ÑÑ" ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P3) => av.s ! (VIND (VPresent Sg P3))+ "ÑÑ" ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P1) => av.s !( VIND (VPresent Pl P1)) + "ÑÑ" ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P2) => av.s !( VIND (VPresent Pl P2)) + "ÑÑŒ'" ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P3) => av.s !( VIND (VPresent Pl P3)) + "ÑÑ" ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P1) => av.s ! (VIND (VFuture Sg P1)) + "ÑÑŒ"; - VIND (VFuture Sg P2) => av.s! (VIND (VFuture Sg P2) )+ "ÑÑ"; - VIND (VFuture Sg P3) => av.s! (VIND (VFuture Sg P3)) + "ÑÑ"; - VIND (VFuture Pl P1) => av.s! (VIND (VFuture Pl P1) )+ "ÑÑ"; - VIND (VFuture Pl P2) => av.s! (VIND (VFuture Pl P2) )+ "ÑÑŒ"; - VIND (VFuture Pl P3) => av.s! (VIND (VFuture Pl P3)) + "ÑÑ"; - VIND (VPast (ASg Masc)) => av.s ! (VIND (VPast (ASg Masc) )) + "ÑÑ"; - VIND (VPast (ASg Fem)) => av.s ! (VIND (VPast (ASg Fem) )) + "ÑÑŒ"; - VIND (VPast (ASg Neut)) => av.s ! (VIND (VPast (ASg Neut)) ) + "ÑÑŒ"; - VIND (VPast APl) => av.s ! (VIND (VPast APl)) + "ÑÑŒ" - } ; - asp = av.asp -}; - --- Generation the imperfective active pattern given --- a number of basic conjugation forms. - -oper - imperfectiveActivePattern : Str -> Str -> PresentVerb -> PastVerb -> AspectVoice = - \inf, imper, presentFuture, past -> { s= table { - VINF => inf ; - VIMP Sg P1 => ["давайте "]+ inf ; - VIMP Pl P1 => ["давайте "] + inf ; - VIMP Sg P2 => imper ; - VIMP Pl P2 => imper+"те" ; - VIMP Sg P3 => ["пуÑкай "] + presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P3) ; - VIMP Pl P3 => ["пуÑкай "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P3) ; - VSUB (ASg Masc) => past ! (PSF (ASg Masc)) +[" бы"]; - VSUB (ASg Fem) => past ! (PSF (ASg Fem)) +[" бы"]; - - VSUB (ASg Neut) => past ! (PSF (ASg Neut) )+[" бы"]; - VSUB APl => past ! (PSF APl) +[" бы"]; - VIND (VPresent Sg P1) => presentFuture ! ( PRF (ASg Masc) P1); - VIND (VPresent Sg P2) => presentFuture! (PRF (ASg Masc) P2) ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P3) => presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P3) ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P1) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P1); - VIND (VPresent Pl P2) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P2); - VIND (VPresent Pl P3) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P3); - VIND (VFuture Sg P1) => ["буду "] + presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P1) ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P2) => ["будешь"] + presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P2) ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P3) => ["будет "] + presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P3) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P1) => ["будем "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P1) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P2) => ["будете "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P2) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P3) => ["будут "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P3) ; - - VIND (VPast (ASg Masc)) => past ! (PSF (ASg Masc)) ; - VIND (VPast (ASg Fem)) => past ! (PSF (ASg Fem) ) ; - VIND (VPast (ASg Neut) ) => past ! (PSF (ASg Neut)) ; - VIND (VPast APl) => past ! (PSF APl) - } ; - asp = Imperfective -} ; - - oper perfectiveActivePattern: Str -> Str -> PresentVerb -> PastVerb -> AspectVoice = - \inf, imper, presentFuture, past -> { s= table { - VINF => inf ; - VIMP Sg P1 => ["давайте "]+ presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P1); - VIMP Pl P1 => ["давайте "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P1); - VIMP Sg P2 => imper ; - VIMP Pl P2 => imper+"те" ; - VIMP Sg P3 => ["пуÑкай "] + presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P3) ; - VIMP Pl P3 => ["пуÑкай "] + presentFuture ! (PRF APl P3) ; - VSUB (ASg Masc) => past ! (PSF (ASg Masc)) +[" бы"]; - VSUB (ASg Fem) => past ! (PSF (ASg Fem)) +[" бы"]; - - VSUB (ASg Neut) => past ! (PSF (ASg Neut) )+[" бы"]; - VSUB APl => past ! (PSF APl) +[" бы"]; - VIND (VPresent Sg P1) => [] ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P2) => [] ; - VIND (VPresent Sg P3) => [] ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P1) => nonExist ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P2) => nonExist ; - VIND (VPresent Pl P3) => [] ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P1) => presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P1) ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P2) => presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P2) ; - VIND (VFuture Sg P3) => presentFuture ! (PRF (ASg Masc) P3) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P1) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P1) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P2) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P2) ; - VIND (VFuture Pl P3) => presentFuture ! (PRF APl P3) ; - VIND (VPast (ASg Masc)) => past ! (PSF (ASg Masc)) ; - VIND (VPast (ASg Fem)) => past ! (PSF (ASg Fem) ) ; - VIND (VPast (ASg Neut) ) => past ! (PSF (ASg Neut)) ; - VIND (VPast APl) => past ! (PSF APl) - } ; - asp = Perfective -} ; - ---2 Proper names are a simple kind of noun phrases. - - ProperName : Type = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy} ; - - mkProperNameMasc : Str -> Animacy -> ProperName = \ivan, anim -> - { s = table { Nom => ivan ; - Gen => ivan + "а"; - Dat => ivan + "у"; - Acc => case anim of - { Animate => ivan + "а"; - Inanimate => ivan - }; - Inst => ivan + "ом"; - Prepos => ivan + "е" } ; - g = Masc; anim = anim }; - - mkProperNameFem : Str -> Animacy -> ProperName = \masha, anim -> - { s = table { Nom => masha + "а"; - Gen => masha + "и"; - Dat => masha + "е"; - Acc => masha + "у"; - Inst => masha + "ей"; - Prepos => masha + "е" } ; - g = Fem ; anim = anim }; - }; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ParadigmsRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ParadigmsRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ddc2bddef..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ParadigmsRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,404 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 Russian Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta, Janna Khegai 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $resource.Abs.gf$. --- --- --- The following files are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsRus = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxRus, ResourceRus in { - -flags coding=utf8 ; - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type ; - masculine : Gender ; - feminine : Gender ; - neuter : Gender ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - dative : Case ; - accusative : Case ; - instructive : Case ; - prepositional : Case ; - --- In some (written in English) textbooks accusative case --- is put on the second place. However, we follow the case order --- standard for Russian textbooks. - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - ---2 Nouns - --- Best case: indeclinabe nouns: "кофе", "пальто", "ВУЗ". - Animacy: Type ; - - animate: Animacy; - inanimate: Animacy; - - mkIndeclinableNoun: Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ; - --- Worst case - give six singular forms: --- Nominative, Genetive, Dative, Accusative, Instructive and Prepositional; --- corresponding six plural forms and the gender. --- May be the number of forms needed can be reduced, --- but this requires a separate investigation. --- Animacy parameter (determining whether the Accusative form is equal --- to the Nominative or the Genetive one) is actually of no help, --- since there are a lot of exceptions and the gain is just one form less. - - mkN : (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ; - - -- мужчина, мужчины, мужчине, мужчину, мужчиной, мужчине - -- мужчины, мужчин, мужчинам, мужчин, мужчинами, мужчинах - - --- Here are some common patterns. The list is far from complete. - --- Feminine patterns. - - nMashina : Str -> N ; -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-а", Inst -"машин-ой" - nEdinica : Str -> N ; -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-а", Inst -"единиц-ей" - nZhenchina : Str -> N ; -- feminine, animate, ending with "-a" - nNoga : Str -> N ; -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "г_к_Ñ…-a" - nMalyariya : Str -> N ; -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-иÑ" - nTetya : Str -> N ; -- feminine, animate, ending with "-Ñ" - nBol : Str -> N ; -- feminine, inanimate, ending with "-ÑŒ"(soft sign) - --- Neuter patterns. - - nObezbolivauchee : Str -> N ; -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-ee" - nProizvedenie : Str -> N ; -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-e" - nChislo : Str -> N ; -- neutral, inanimate, ending with "-o" - --- Masculine patterns. - - nStomatolog : Str -> N ; -- masculine, animate, ending with consonant - - -- the next two differ only in - -- plural nominative (= accusative) form(s) : - nAdres : Str -> N ; -- адреÑ-а - nTelefon : Str -> N ; -- телефон-Ñ‹ - -- masculine, inanimate, ending with consonant - - nNol : Str -> N ; -- masculine, inanimate, ending with "-ÑŒ" (soft sign) - nUroven : Str -> N ; -- masculine, inanimate, ending with "-ень" - --- Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common is with Genitive. - - mkFun : N -> Preposition -> Case -> Fun ; - funGen : N -> Fun ; - --- Proper names. - - mkPN : Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> PN ; -- "Иван", "Маша" - --- On the top level, it is maybe $CN$ that is used rather than $N$, and --- $NP$ rather than $PN$. - - mkCN : N -> CN ; - mkNP : Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> NP ; - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison (only positive degree) one-place adjectives need 28 (4 by 7) --- forms in the worst case: - - --- Masculine | Feminine | Neutral | Plural --- Nominative --- Genitive --- Dative --- Accusative Inanimate --- Accusative Animate --- Instructive --- Prepositional - - --- Notice that 4 short forms, which exist for some adjectives are not included --- in the current description, otherwise there would be 32 forms for --- positive degree. - --- mkAdj1 : ( : Str) -> Adj1 ; - --- Invariable adjective is a special case. - - adjInvar : Str -> Adj1 ; -- khaki, mini, hindi, netto - --- Some regular patterns depending on the ending. - - adj1Staruyj : Str -> Adj1 ; -- ending with "-ый" - adj1Malenkij : Str -> Adj1 ; -- endign with "-ий" - adj1Molodoj : Str -> Adj1 ; -- ending with "-ой", - -- plural - молод-ые" - adj1Kakoj_Nibud : Str -> Str -> Adj1 ; -- ending with "-ой", - -- plural - "как-ие" - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. - - mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Str -> Case -> Adj2 ; -- "делим на" - --- Comparison adjectives need a positive adjective --- (28 forms without short forms). --- Taking only one comparative form (non-syntaxic) and --- only one superlative form (syntaxic) we can produce the --- comparison adjective with only one extra argument - --- non-syntaxic comparative form. --- Syntaxic forms are based on the positive forms. - - - mkAdjDeg : Adj1 -> Str -> AdjDeg ; - --- On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. - - ap : Adj1 -> IsPostfixAdj -> AP ; - - ---2 Verbs --- --- In our lexicon description ("Verbum") there are 62 forms: --- 2 (Voice) by { 1 (infinitive) + [2(number) by 3 (person)](imperative) + --- [ [2(Number) by 3(Person)](present) + [2(Number) by 3(Person)](future) + --- 4(GenNum)(past) ](indicative)+ 4 (GenNum) (subjunctive) } --- Participles (Present and Past) and Gerund forms are not included, --- since they fuction more like Adjectives and Adverbs correspondingly --- rather than verbs. Aspect regarded as an inherent parameter of a verb. --- Notice, that some forms are never used for some verbs. Actually, --- the majority of verbs do not have many of the forms. -Voice: Type; -Aspect: Type; -Tense : Type; -Bool: Type; - -true: Bool; -false: Bool; - -active: Voice ; -passive: Voice ; -imperfective: Aspect; -perfective: Aspect ; -present : Tense ; -past : Tense ; - - --- The worst case need 6 forms of the present tense in indicative mood --- ("Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ³Ñƒ", "Ñ‚Ñ‹ бежишь", "он бежит", "мы бежим", "вы бежите", "они бегут"), --- a past form (singular, masculine: "Ñ Ð±ÐµÐ¶Ð°Ð»"), an imperative form --- (singular, second person: "беги"), an infinitive ("бежать"). --- Inherent aspect should also be specified. - - mkVerbum : Aspect -> (_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum ; - --- Common conjugation patterns are two conjugations: --- first - verbs ending with "-ать/-ÑÑ‚ÑŒ" and second - "-ить/-еть". --- Instead of 6 present forms of the worst case, we only need --- a present stem and one ending (singular, first person): --- "Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±-лю", "Ñ Ð¶Ð´-у", etc. To determine where the border --- between stem and ending lies it is sufficient to compare --- first person from with second person form: --- "Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±-лю", "Ñ‚Ñ‹ люб-ишь". Stems shoud be the same. --- So the definition for verb "любить" looks like: --- mkRegVerb Imperfective Second "люб" "лю" "любил" "люби" "любить"; - - mkRegVerb :Aspect -> Conjugation -> (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum ; - --- For writing an application grammar one usualy doesn't need --- the whole inflection table, since each verb is used in --- a particular context that determines some of the parameters --- (Tense and Voice while Aspect is fixed from the beginning) for certain usage. --- The "V" type, that have these parameters fixed. --- We can extract the "V" from the lexicon. - - mkV: Verbum -> Voice -> Tense -> V ; - mkPresentV: Verbum -> Voice -> V ; - - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. Notice that --- a particle can be included in a $V$. - - mkTV : V -> Str -> Case -> TV ; -- "войти в дом"; "в", accusative - tvDir : V -> TV ; -- "видеть", "любить" - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - Gender = SyntaxRus.Gender ; - Case = SyntaxRus.Case ; - Number = SyntaxRus.Number ; - Animacy = SyntaxRus.Animacy; - Aspect = SyntaxRus.Aspect; - Voice = SyntaxRus.Voice ; - Tense = SyntaxRus.Tense ; - Bool = Prelude.Bool ; - - true = True; - false = False ; - masculine = Masc ; - feminine = Fem ; - neuter = Neut ; - nominative = Nom ; - accusative = Acc ; - dative = Dat ; - genitive = Gen ; - instructive = Inst ; - prepositional = Prepos ; - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - animate = Animate ; - inanimate = Inanimate ; - active = Act ; - passive = Pass ; - imperfective = Imperfective ; - perfective = Perfective ; - present = Present ; - past = Past ; - -- Degree = Pos | Comp | Super ; - -- Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - -- AfterPrep = Yes | No ; - -- Possessive = NonPoss | Poss GenNum ; - --- Noun definitions - - mkIndeclinableNoun = \s,g, anim -> - { - s = table { SF _ _ => s } ; - g = g ; - anim = anim - } ** {lock_N = <>}; - - - mkN = \nomSg, genSg, datSg, accSg, instSg, preposSg, - nomPl, genPl, datPl, accPl, instPl, preposPl, g, anim -> - { - s = table { - SF Sg Nom => nomSg ; - SF Sg Gen => genSg ; - SF Sg Dat => datSg ; - SF Sg Acc => accSg ; - SF Sg Inst => instSg ; - SF Sg Prepos => preposSg ; - SF Pl Nom => nomPl ; - SF Pl Gen => genPl ; - SF Pl Dat => datPl ; - SF Pl Acc => accPl ; - SF Pl Inst => instPl ; - SF Pl Prepos => preposPl - } ; - g = g ; - anim = anim - } ** {lock_N = <>} ; - - nMashina = \s -> aEndInAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nEdinica = \s -> ej_aEndInAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nZhenchina = \s -> (aEndAnimateDecl s) ** { g = Fem ; anim = Animate } ** {lock_N = <>}; - nNoga = \s -> aEndG_K_KH_Decl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nMalyariya = \s -> i_yaEndDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nTetya = \s -> (yaEndAnimateDecl s) ** {g = Fem; anim = Animate; lock_N = <>} ; - nBol = \s -> softSignEndDeclFem s ** {lock_N = <>}; - --- Neuter patterns. - - nObezbolivauchee = \s -> eeEndInAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nProizvedenie = \s -> eEndInAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nChislo = \s -> oEndInAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - - --- Masculine patterns. - - nStomatolog = \s -> nullEndAnimateDecl s ** {lock_N = <>}; - - nAdres = \s -> nullEndInAnimateDecl2 s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nTelefon = \s -> nullEndInAnimateDecl1 s ** {lock_N = <>}; - - nNol = \s -> softSignEndDeclMasc s ** {lock_N = <>}; - nUroven = \s -> EN_softSignEndDeclMasc s ** {lock_N = <>}; - --- mkFun defined in syntax.RusU --- funGen defined in syntax.RusU - - mkPN = \ivan, g, anim -> - case g of { - Masc => mkProperNameMasc ivan anim ; - _ => mkProperNameFem ivan anim - } ** {lock_PN =<>}; - mkCN = UseN ; - mkNP = \x,y,z -> UsePN (mkPN x y z) ; - --- Adjective definitions - - adjInvar = \s -> { s = \\af => s } ** {lock_Adj1= <>}; - - adj1Staruyj s = uy_j_EndDecl s ** {lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - adj1Malenkij s = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl s ** {lock_Adj1= <>}; - adj1Molodoj s = uy_oj_EndDecl s ** {lock_Adj1= <>}; - adj1Kakoj_Nibud s t = i_oj_EndDecl s t ** {lock_Adj1= <>}; - - mkAdj2 a p c= mkAdjective2 a p c ** {lock_Adj2 = <>}; - -- mkAdjDeg defined in morpho.RusU - - ap a p = mkAdjPhrase a p ** {lock_AP = <>}; -- defined in syntax module - --- Verb definitions - - mkVerbum = \asp, sgP1, sgP2, sgP3, plP1, plP2, plP3, - sgMascPast, imperSgP2, inf -> case asp of { - Perfective => - mkVerb (perfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 - (presentConj sgP1 sgP2 sgP3 plP1 plP2 plP3) (pastConj sgMascPast)) - (pastConj sgMascPast); - Imperfective => - mkVerb (imperfectiveActivePattern inf imperSgP2 - (presentConj sgP1 sgP2 sgP3 plP1 plP2 plP3) (pastConj sgMascPast)) - (pastConj sgMascPast) - }; - - oper presentConj: (_,_,_,_,_,_: Str) -> PresentVerb = - \sgP1, sgP2, sgP3, plP1, plP2, plP3 -> - table { - PRF (ASg _) P1 => sgP1 ; - PRF (ASg _) P2 => sgP2 ; - PRF (ASg _) P3 => sgP3 ; - PRF APl P1 => plP1 ; - PRF APl P2 => plP2 ; - PRF APl P3 => plP3 - }; - - - mkRegVerb = verbDecl ; -- defined in morpho.RusU.gf - - mkV a b c = extVerb a b c ** {lock_V = <>}; -- defined in types.RusU.gf - - mkPresentV = \aller, vox -> - { s = table { - VFin gn p => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VIND (VPresent (numGNum gn) p)) ; - VImper n p => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VIMP n p) ; - VInf => aller.s ! VFORM vox VINF ; - VSubj gn => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VSUB gn) - }; t = Present ; a = aller.asp ; w = vox ; lock_V = <>} ; - - mkTV a b c = mkTransVerb a b c ** {lock_TV = <>}; -- defined in syntax.RusU.gf - tvDir v = mkDirectVerb v ** {lock_TV = <>}; -- defined in syntax.RusU.gf - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/PredicationRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/PredicationRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 41855341b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/PredicationRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource PredicationRus = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceRus), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtRus) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceExtRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceExtRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index f54d73915..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceExtRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtRus = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceRus) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 3485f07e1..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/ResourceRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceRus of Resource = reuse StructuralRus ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/RestaurantRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/RestaurantRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 1df3c8d63..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/RestaurantRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,30 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete RestaurantRus of Restaurant = - DatabaseRus ** open Prelude,ParadigmsRus in { -flags coding=utf8 ; -lin - Restaurant = n2n restoran; - Bar = n2n bar ; - French = AdjP1 francuzskij ; - Italian = AdjP1 italyanskij ; - Indian = AdjP1 indijskij ; - Japanese = AdjP1 yaponskij ; - - address = funGen adres ; - phone = funGen telefon ; - priceLevel = funGen (commNounPhrase2CommNoun(appFunComm urovenFun cenu)) ; - - Cheap = deshevuj; - Expensive = dorogoj ; - - WhoRecommend rest = mkSentSame (ss2 ["кто порекомендовал"] (rest.s ! Acc)) ; - WhoHellRecommend rest = - mkSentSame (ss2 ["кто, черт возьми, порекомендовал"] (rest.s ! Acc)) ; - - LucasCarton = mkProperNameMasc ["Ð›ÑƒÐºÐ°Ñ ÐšÐ°Ñ€Ñ‚ÑƒÐ½"] Inanimate; - -oper - urovenFun : Function = funGen uroven ; - cenu : NounPhrase = mkNounPhrase Pl (n2n cena) ; -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/StructuralRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/StructuralRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 455c7bc09..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/StructuralRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,132 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Russian Resource Grammar --- --- Janna Khegai 2003 --- on the basis of code for other languages by Aarne Ranta --- --- This is the Russian concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $syntax.RusU.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part is the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $types.RusU.gf$. - -concrete StructuralRus of Structural = CombinationsRus ** open Prelude, SyntaxRus in { -flags - coding=utf8 ; - -lin - INP = pron2NounPhrase pronYa Animate; - ThouNP = pron2NounPhrase pronTu Animate; - HeNP = pron2NounPhrase pronOn Animate; - SheNP = pron2NounPhrase pronOna Animate; - ItNP = pron2NounPhrase pronOno Inanimate; - WeNumNP = pronWithNum (pron2NounPhrase pronMu Animate); - YeNumNP = pronWithNum (pron2NounPhrase pronVu Animate); - YouNP = pron2NounPhrase pronVu Animate; - TheyNP = pron2NounPhrase pronOni Animate; - - EveryDet = kazhdujDet ** {n = Sg ; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - AllMassDet = vesDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c = Nom} ; - AllNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (vseDetPl ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c = Nom} ); - WhichDet = kotorujDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - WhichNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (kotorujDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - MostDet = bolshinstvoSgDet ** {n = Sg; g = (PGen Neut); c= Gen} ; - -- inanimate, Sg: "большинÑтво телефонов безмолÑтву-ет" - MostsDet = bolshinstvoPlDet ** {n = Pl; g = (PGen Neut); c= Gen} ; - -- animate, Pl: "большинÑтво учащихÑÑ Ñ…Ð¾Ñ€Ð¾ÑˆÐ¾ подготовлен-Ñ‹" - ManyDet = mnogoSgDet ** {n = Sg; g = (PGen Neut); c= Gen} ; - MuchDet = mnogoSgDet ** {n = Sg; g = (PGen Neut); c= Gen} ; -- same as previous - SomeDet = nekotorujDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - SomeNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (nekotorujDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - AnyDet = lubojDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - AnyNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (lubojDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - NoDet = nikakojDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - NoNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (nikakojDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - ThisDet = etotDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - TheseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (etotDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - ThatDet = totDet ** {n = Sg; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ; - ThoseNumDet = mkDeterminerNum (totDet ** {n = Pl; g = PNoGen; c= Nom} ); - - ThisNP = det2NounPhrase etotDet ; -- inanimate form only - ThatNP = det2NounPhrase totDet ; -- inanimate form only - TheseNumNP n = { s =\\_ => [] ; n = Pl; p = P3; g= PGen Fem ; anim = Animate ; pron = True} ; - -- missing in Russian - ThoseNumNP n = { s =\\_ => [] ; n = Pl; p = P3; g=PGen Fem ; anim = Animate ; pron = True} ; - -- missing in Russian - -EverybodyNP = mkNounPhrase Pl (noun2CommNounPhrase (eEnd_Decl "вÑ")) ; -SomebodyNP = pron2NounPhrase pronKtoTo Animate; -NobodyNP = pron2NounPhrase pronNikto Animate; -EverythingNP = pron2NounPhrase pronVseInanimate Inanimate; -SomethingNP = pron2NounPhrase pronChtoTo Inanimate ; -NothingNP = pron2NounPhrase pronNichto Inanimate; - -CanVV = extVerb verbMoch Act Present ; -CanKnowVV = extVerb verbMoch Act Present ; -MustVV = extVerb verbDolzhen Act Present ; -WantVV = extVerb verbKhotet Act Present ; - - HowIAdv = ss "как" ; - WhenIAdv = ss "когда" ; - WhereIAdv = ss "где" ; - WhyIAdv = ss "почему" ; - - AndConj = ss "и" ** {n = Pl} ; - OrConj = ss "или" ** {n = Sg} ; - BothAnd = sd2 "как" [", так и"] ** {n = Pl} ; - EitherOr = sd2 "либо" [", либо"] ** {n = Sg} ; --- comma is not visible in GUI! - --- In case of "neither.. no" expression double negation is not --- only possible, but also required in Russian. --- There is no means of control for this however in the resource grammar. - - NeitherNor = sd2 "ни" [", ни"] ** {n = Sg} ; - - IfSubj = ss "еÑли" ; - WhenSubj = ss "когда" ; - AlthoughSubj = ss "хотÑ" ; - - PhrYes = ss ["Да ."] ; - PhrNo = ss ["Ðет ."] ; - - EverywhereNP = ss "везде" ; - SomewhereNP = ss "где-нибудь" ; - NowhereNP = ss "нигде" ; - VeryAdv = ss "очень" ; - TooAdv = ss "Ñлишком" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "иначе" ; - AlmostAdv = ss "почти" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "довольно" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "Ñледовательно" ; - - InPrep = { s2 = "в" ; c = Prepos }; - OnPrep = { s2 = "на" ; c = Prepos }; - ToPrep = { s2 = "к" ; c = Dat }; - ThroughPrep = { s2 = "через" ; c = Acc }; - AbovePrep = { s2 = "над" ; c = Inst}; - UnderPrep = { s2 = "под" ; c = Inst }; - InFrontPrep = { s2 = "перед" ; c = Inst}; - BehindPrep = { s2 = "за" ; c = Inst }; - BetweenPrep = { s2 = "между" ; c = Inst}; - FromPrep = { s2 = "от" ; c = Gen }; - BeforePrep = { s2 = "перед" ; c = Inst}; - DuringPrep = { s2 = ["в течение"] ; c = Gen}; - AfterPrep = { s2 = "поÑле" ; c = Gen }; - WithPrep = { s2 = "Ñ" ; c = Inst}; - WithoutPrep = { s2 = "без" ; c = Gen}; - ByMeansPrep = { s2 = ["Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¼Ð¾Ñ‰ÑŒÑŽ"] ; c = Gen}; - PossessPrep = { s2 = "" ; c = Gen}; --- ?? AR 19/2/2004 - PartPrep = { s2 = "" ; c = Nom}; -- missing in Russian - AgentPrep = { s2 = "" ; c = Nom}; -- missing in Russian -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/SyntaxRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/SyntaxRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index cbfbd0db7..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/SyntaxRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1047 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Small Russian Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta, Janna Khegai 2003 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in Russian. --- --- The following files are presupposed: -resource SyntaxRus = MorphoRus ** open Prelude, (CO = Coordination) in { -flags coding=utf8 ; - ---2 Common Nouns --- --- ---3 Common noun phrases --- --- Complex common nouns ($Comm'NounPhrase$) have in principle --- the same parameters as simple ones. - -oper - CommNounPhrase: Type = {s : Number => Case => Str; g : Gender; anim : Animacy} ; - - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \sb -> - {s = \\n,c => sb.s ! SF n c ; - g = sb.g ; - anim = sb.anim - } ; - - commNounPhrase2CommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> CommNoun = \sb -> - {s = \\sf => sb.s ! (numSF sf) ! (caseSF sf) ; - g = sb.g ; - anim = sb.anim - } ; - - n2n = noun2CommNounPhrase; - n2n2 = commNounPhrase2CommNoun ; - ---2 Noun Phrases --- - -oper - - NounPhrase : Type = { s : PronForm => Str ; n : Number ; - p : Person ; g: PronGen ; anim : Animacy ; pron: Bool} ; - --- The following construction has to be refined for genitive forms: --- "we two", "us two" are OK, but "our two" is not. --- actually also "Animacy" for numerals 1-4 should be resent - - Numeral : Type = {s : Case => Gender => Str} ; - - pronWithNum : NounPhrase -> Numeral -> NounPhrase = \mu,dva -> - {s = \\pf => mu.s!pf ++ dva.s ! (extCase pf) ! (pgen2gen mu.g) ; - n = mu.n ; p = mu.p; g = mu.g ; pron = mu.pron; anim = mu.anim } ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = \\_,_ => []} ; - --- unclear how to tell apart the numbers from their string representation, --- so just leave a decimal representation, without case-suffixes: - - useInt : Str -> Numeral = \i -> - {s = table { _ => table {_ => i } --- Nom => table {_ => i }; - -- Gen => table {_ => i ++ "-Ñ…"}; - -- Dat => table {_ => i ++ "'-м"}; - -- Acc => table {_ => i }; - -- Inst => table {_ => i ++ "-мÑ"}; - -- Prepos => table {_ => i ++ "-Ñ…"} - } - } ; - - mkNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,chelovek -> - {s = \\cas => chelovek.s ! n ! (extCase cas) ; - n = n ; g = PGen chelovek.g ; p = P3 ; pron =False ; - anim = chelovek.anim - } ; - pron2NounPhrase : Pronoun -> Animacy -> NounPhrase = \ona, anim -> - {s = ona.s ; n = ona.n ; g = ona.g ; - pron = ona.pron; p = ona.p ; anim = anim } ; - - det2NounPhrase : Adjective -> NounPhrase = \eto -> - {s = \\pf => eto.s ! (AF (extCase pf) Inanimate (ASg Neut)); n = Sg ; g = PGen Neut ; pron = False ; p = P3 ; anim = Inanimate } ; - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase = - \masha -> {s = \\c => masha.s ! (extCase c) ; - p = P3; g = PGen masha.g ; anim = masha.anim ; - n = Sg; nComp = Sg; pron = False} ; - - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners (only determinative pronouns --- (or even indefinite numerals: "много" (many)) in Russian) are inflected --- according to the gender of nouns they determine. --- extra parameters (Number and Case) are added for the sake of --- the determinative pronoun "bolshinstvo" ("most"); --- Gender parameter is due to multiple determiners (Numerals in Russian) --- like "mnogo" --- The determined noun has the case parameter specific for the determiner: - - Determiner : Type = Adjective ** { n: Number; g: PronGen; c : Case } ; - - anyPlDet = kakojNibudDet ** {n = Pl; c= Nom} ; - - mkDeterminerNum : Determiner -> Numeral -> Determiner = \vse,dva -> - {s =\\af => vse.s ! af ++ dva.s ! (caseAF af) ! (genAF af) ; - n = vse.n; g = vse.g; c=vse.c - } ; - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \kazhduj, okhotnik -> - {s = \\c => case kazhduj.c of { - Nom => - kazhduj.s ! AF (extCase c) okhotnik.anim (gNum okhotnik.g kazhduj.n) ++ - okhotnik.s ! kazhduj.n ! (extCase c) ; - _ => - kazhduj.s ! AF (extCase c) okhotnik.anim (gNum okhotnik.g kazhduj.n) ++ - okhotnik.s ! kazhduj.n ! kazhduj.c }; - n = kazhduj.n ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False; - g = kazhduj.g ; - anim = okhotnik.anim - } ; - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n -> - indefNounPhraseNum n noNum ; - --- a problem: "2 бутылки", but "5 бутылок" in Nominative case! Ignored for the moment: - indefNounPhraseNum : Number -> Numeral ->CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,dva,mashina -> - {s = \\c => dva.s ! (extCase c) ! mashina.g ++ mashina.s ! n ! (extCase c) ; - n = n ; p = P3; g = PGen mashina.g ; anim = mashina.anim ; - pron = False - } ; - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, --- to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "мой дом" - "мои дома". --- --- The variation like in "the car of John / John's car" in English is --- not equally natural for proper names and pronouns and the rest of nouns. --- Compare "дверца машины" and "машины дверца", while --- "Ванина мама" and "мама Вани" or "Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð°" and "мама моÑ". --- Here we have to make a choice of a universal form, which will be --- "Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð°" - "Вани мама" - "машины дверца", which sounds --- the best for pronouns, a little worse for proper names and --- the worst for the rest of nouns. The reason is the fact that --- possession/genetive is more a human category and pronouns are --- used very often, so we try to suit this case in the first place. - - npGenDet : Number -> Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,dva, masha,mashina -> - {s = \\c => case masha.pron of - { True => masha.s ! (mkPronForm (extCase c) No (Poss (gNum mashina.g n))) ++ - dva.s ! (extCase c) ! mashina.g ++ mashina.s ! n ! (extCase c) ; - False => dva.s ! (extCase c) ! mashina.g ++ mashina.s ! n ! (extCase c) ++ - masha.s ! (mkPronForm Gen No (Poss (gNum mashina.g n))) - } ; - n = n ; p = P3 ; g = PGen mashina.g ; anim = mashina.anim ; pron = False - } ; - --- Constructions like "the idea that two is even" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have "a suggestion that...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \idea,x -> - {s = \\n,c => idea.s ! n ! c ++ ["о том, что"] ++ x.s ; - g = idea.g; anim = idea.anim - } ; - ---2 Adjectives ---3 Simple adjectives --- --- A special type of adjectives just having positive forms --- (for semantic reasons) is useful, e.g. "руÑÑкий". - -oper - extAdjective : AdjDegr -> Adjective = \adj -> - { s = \\af => adj.s ! Pos ! af } ; - - -- Coercions between the compound gen-num type and gender and number: - - gNum : Gender -> Number -> GenNum = \g,n -> - case n of - { Sg => case g of - { Fem => ASg Fem ; - Masc => ASg Masc ; - Neut => ASg Neut } ; - Pl => APl - } ; - -pgNum : PronGen -> Number -> GenNum = \g,n -> - case n of - { Sg => case g of - { PGen Fem => ASg Fem ; - PGen Masc => ASg Masc ; - PGen Neut => ASg Neut ; - _ => ASg Masc } ; - Pl => APl - } ; - -- _ => variants {ASg Masc ; ASg Fem} } ; - -- "variants" version cause "no term variants" error during linearization - - ---3 Adjective phrases --- --- An adjective phrase may contain a complement, e.g. "моложе Риты". --- Then it is used as postfix in modification, e.g. "человек, моложе Риты". - - IsPostfixAdj = Bool ; - - AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ** {p : IsPostfixAdj} ; - --- Simple adjectives are not postfix: - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \novuj -> novuj ** {p = False} ; - - mkAdjPhrase : Adjective -> IsPostfixAdj -> AdjPhrase = \novuj ,p -> novuj ** {p = p} ; - - mkAdjective2: Adjective-> Str-> Case -> AdjCompl = \a,p,c -> a ** {s2 = p ; c = c} ; - ---3 Comparison adjectives --- --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("большой"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \bolshoj -> - adj2adjPhrase (extAdjective bolshoj) ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("больше тебÑ"). - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \bolshoj, tu -> - {s = \\af => bolshoj.s ! Comp ! af ++ tu.s ! (mkPronForm Gen Yes NonPoss) ; - p = True - } ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a modified noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain ("Ñамый большой дом"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \bolshoj, dom -> - {s = \\pf => bolshoj.s ! Super ! AF (extCase pf) dom.anim (gNum dom.g Sg) ++ - dom.s ! Sg ! (extCase pf) ; - n = Sg ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False; - anim = dom.anim ; - g = PGen dom.g - } ; - - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a preposition used before --- the complement. (Rem. $Complement = {s2 : Str ; c : Case} $). - - - AdjCompl = Adjective ** Complement ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \vlublen,tu -> - {s = \\af => vlublen.s ! af ++ vlublen.s2 ++ - tu.s ! (mkPronForm vlublen.c No NonPoss) ; - p = True - } ; - ---3 Complements --- - - Complement = {s2 : Str ; c : Case} ; - - complement : Str -> Complement = \cherez -> - {s2 = cherez ; c = Nom} ; - - complementDir : Complement = complement [] ; - - complementCas : Case -> Complement = \c -> - {s2 = [] ; c = c} ; - ---2 Individual-valued functions - --- An individual-valued function is a common noun together with the --- preposition prefixed to its argument ("ключ от дома"). --- The situation is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs. --- --- We allow the genitive construction to be used as a variant of --- all function applications. It would definitely be too restrictive only --- to allow it when the required case is genitive. We don't know if there --- are counterexamples to the liberal choice we've made. - - Function = CommNounPhrase ** Complement ; - - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "ключ от дома". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "ключи от дома", "ключи от дома --- и от машины", and "ключ от дома и машины" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \mama,ivan -> - {s = \\n, cas => case ivan.pron of - { True => ivan.s ! (mkPronForm cas No (Poss (gNum mama.g n))) ++ mama.s ! n ! cas; - False => mama.s ! n ! cas ++ mama.s2 ++ - ivan.s ! (mkPronForm mama.c Yes (Poss (gNum mama.g n))) - }; - g = mama.g ; - anim = mama.anim - } ; - --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = \x -> x ; - - mkFun : CommNoun -> Str -> Case -> Function = \f,p,c -> - (n2n f) ** {s2 = p ; c = c} ; - - --- The commonest cases are functions with Genitive. - - funGen : CommNoun -> Function = \urovenCen -> - mkFun urovenCen [] Gen ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to the original function application --- producing "детÑтво Ивана" and "Иваново детÑтво". It does not appear in the --- resource abstract syntax any longer. --- Both versions return "детÑво Ивана" although "Иваново детÑтво" --- must also be included --- Such possesive form is only possible with proper names in Russian : - -appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll,detstvo, ivan -> -let {n = ivan.n ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n} in - variants { - indefNounPhrase nf (appFunComm detstvo ivan) ; -- detstvoIvana - npGenDet nf noNum ivan detstvo - } ; - - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("Иван - молод") --- and in modification ("молодой человек"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = - \khoroshij,novayaMashina -> - {s = \\n, c => - khoroshij.s ! AF c novayaMashina.anim (gNum novayaMashina.g n) ++ - novayaMashina.s ! n ! c ; - g = novayaMashina.g ; - anim = novayaMashina.anim - } ; - ---2 Verbs - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a preposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty --- and the case is accusative. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object*. --- Note: Direct verb phrases where the Genitive case is also possible --- ("купить хлеба", "не читать газет") are overlooked in mkDirectVerb --- and can be expressed via more a general rule mkTransVerb. - - TransVerb : Type = Verb ** {s2 : Str ; c: Case } ; - - complementOfTransVerb : TransVerb -> Complement = \v -> {s2 = v.s2 ; c = v.c} ; - verbOfTransVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \v -> - {s = v.s; t = v.t; a = v.a ; w = v.w } ; - - mkTransVerb : Verb -> Str -> Case -> TransVerb = \v,p,cas -> - v ** {s2 = p ; c = cas } ; - - mkDirectVerb : Verb -> TransVerb = \v -> - mkTransVerb v nullPrep Acc; - - nullPrep : Str = [] ; - --- The rule for using transitive verbs is the complementization rule: - - complTransVerb :TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \se,tu -> - {s =\\vf => se.s ! vf ++ se.s2 ++ tu.s ! (mkPronForm se.c No NonPoss) ; - a = se.a ; t = se.t ; w = se.w } ; - ---3 Verb phrases --- --- Verb phrases are discontinuous: the parts of a verb phrase are --- (s) an inflected verb, (s2) verb adverbials (such as negation), and --- (s3) complement. This discontinuity is needed in sentence formation --- to account for word order variations. - - VerbGroup = Verb ; - - VerbPhrase : Type = Verb ** {s2 : Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str ; - negBefore: Bool} ; - --- A simple verb can be made into a verb phrase with an empty complement. --- There are two versions, depending on if we want to negate the verb. - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vidit -> - vidit ** { - s2 = negation b ; - s3 = \\_,_ => [] ; - negBefore = True -- this should be a parameter ! - } ; - - negation : Bool -> Str = \b -> if_then_else Str b [] "не" ; - --- Sometimes we want to extract the verb part of a verb phrase. - - verbOfPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Verb = \v -> - {s = v.s; t = v.t ; a = v.a ; w =v.w} ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives (" молод"), --- common nouns (" человек"), and noun phrases (" Ñамый молодой"). --- The third rule is overgenerating: " каждый человек" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. --- Note: we omit a dash "-" because it will cause problems with negation word order: --- "Я не - волшебник". Alternatively, we can consider verb-based VP and --- all the rest. - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \zloj -> - { s= \\vf => case vf of { - VFin _ _ => zloj.s ; - VImper Sg _ => "будь" ++ zloj.s; - VImper Pl _ => "будьте" ++ zloj.s; - -- person is ignored ! - VInf => "быть" ++ zloj.s; - VSubj _ => "" - } ; - t = Present ; - a = Imperfective ; - w = Act - } ; - - predAdjective : AdjPhrase -> VerbGroup = \zloj -> - { s= \\vf => case vf of { - VFin gn _ => case (numGNum gn) of { - Sg => zloj.s ! AF Nom Animate (ASg (genGNum gn)) ; - Pl => zloj.s ! AF Nom Animate APl - } ; - VImper Sg _ => "будь" ++ zloj.s ! AF Inst Animate (ASg Masc); - VImper Pl _ => "будьте" ++ zloj.s ! AF Inst Animate APl ; - -- person is ignored ! - VInf => "быть" ++ zloj.s ! AF Inst Animate (ASg Masc) ; --- infinitive does not save GenNum info! - VSubj _ => "" - } ; - t = Present ; - a = Imperfective ; - w = Act - } ; - - predCommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \chelovek -> - { s= \\vf => case vf of { - VFin gn _ => (indefNounPhrase (numGNum gn) chelovek ).s ! (mkPronForm Nom No NonPoss) ; - VImper Sg _ => "будь"++ (indefNounPhrase Sg chelovek ).s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss) ; - VImper Pl _ => "будьте"++(indefNounPhrase Pl chelovek ).s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss); - -- person is ignored ! - VInf => "быть" ++ (indefNounPhrase Sg chelovek ).s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss) ; - VSubj _ => "" - } ; - t = Present ; - a = Imperfective ; - w = Act - } ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \masha -> - { s= \\vf => case vf of { - VFin _ _ => masha.s ! (mkPronForm Nom No NonPoss) ; - VImper Sg _ => "будь" ++ masha.s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss); - VImper Pl _ => "будьте" ++ masha.s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss); - VInf => "быть" ++ masha.s ! (mkPronForm Inst No NonPoss); --- infinitive does not save Number parameter! - VSubj _ => "" - } ; - t = Present ; - a = Imperfective ; - w = Act - } ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {s3 : Str; c2: Case} ; - --- There application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \poezd, paris -> - {s = \\n,c => poezd.s ! n ! c ++ poezd.s2 ++ paris.s ! (PF poezd.c Yes NonPoss) ; - g = poezd.g ; anim = poezd.anim; - s2 = poezd.s3; c = poezd.c2 - } ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s4 : Str; c2: Case} ; - - mkDitransVerb : Verb -> Case -> Case -> DitransVerb = \v,c1,c2 -> - v ** {s2 = ""; c = c1; s4 = ""; c2=c2 } ; - - complDitransVerb : DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = - \dat,tu,pivo -> - let - tebepivo = dat.s2 ++ - tu.s ! PF dat.c No NonPoss ++ dat.s4 ++ pivo.s ! PF dat.c2 Yes NonPoss - in - {s = \\vf => (dat.s ! vf) ++ tebepivo ; - t = dat.t ; - a = dat.a ; - w = dat.w - } ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \poet, khorosho -> - {s = \\vf => khorosho.s ++ poet.s ! vf ; s2 = poet.s2; s3 = poet.s3; - a = poet.a; w = poet.w; t = poet.t ; negBefore = poet.negBefore } ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions. --- The rule for creating locative noun phrases by the preposition "в" --- is a little shaky: "в РоÑÑии" but "на оÑтрове". --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions. --- The rule for creating locative noun phrases by the preposition "in" --- is a little shaky, since other prepositions may be preferred ("on", "at"). - - prepPhrase : Preposition -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \na, stol -> - mkAdverb (na.s2 ++ stol.s ! PF na.c Yes NonPoss) ; - - locativeNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Adverb = \ivan -> - {s = "в" ++ ivan.s ! (mkPronForm Prepos Yes NonPoss) } ; - - mkAdverb : Str -> Adverb = \well -> ss well ; --- This is a source of the "man with a telescope" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "машины вÑегда". --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \chelovek,uTelevizora -> - {s = \\n,c => chelovek.s ! n ! c ++ uTelevizora.s ; - g = chelovek.g ; - anim = chelovek.anim - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : SS -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \ochen, khorosho -> - {s = \\a => ochen.s ++ khorosho.s ! a ; - p = khorosho.p - } ; - ---2 Sentences --- --- We do not introduce the word order parameter for sentences in Russian --- although there exist several word orders, but they are too specific --- to capture on the level we work here. - -oper - Sentence : Type = { s : Str } ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = - \Ya, tebyaNeVizhu -> { s = - let - { ya = Ya.s ! (mkPronForm Nom No NonPoss); - ne = tebyaNeVizhu.s2; - vizhu = tebyaNeVizhu.s ! VFin (pgNum Ya.g Ya.n) Ya.p; - tebya = tebyaNeVizhu.s3 ! (pgen2gen Ya.g) ! Ya.n - } - in - if_then_else Str tebyaNeVizhu.negBefore - (ya ++ ne ++ vizhu ++ tebya) - (ya ++ vizhu ++ ne ++ tebya) - - } ; - - -- This is a macro for simultaneous predication and complementation. - - predTransVerb : Bool -> TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> Sentence = - \b,vizhu,ya,tu -> predVerbPhrase ya (predVerbGroup b (complTransVerb vizhu tu)) ; - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. - - SentenceVerb : Type = Verb ; - --- To generate "Ñказал, что Иван гулÑет" / "не Ñказал, что Иван гулÑет": - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = - \vidit,tuUlubaeshsya -> - {s = \\vf => vidit.s ! vf ++ [", что"] ++ tuUlubaeshsya.s ; - t = vidit.t ; w = vidit.w ; a = vidit.a } ; - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- They can be auxiliaries ("can", "must") or ordinary verbs --- ("try"); this distinction cannot be done in the multilingual --- API and leads to some anomalies in English, such as the necessity --- to create the infinitive form "to be able to" for "can" so that --- the construction can be iterated, and the corresponding complication --- in the parameter structure. - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ; - --- To generate "can walk"/"can't walk"; "tries to walk"/"does not try to walk": --- The contraction of "not" is not provided, since it would require changing --- the verb parameter type. - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \putatsya,bezhat -> - { s = \\vf => putatsya.s ! vf ++ bezhat.s ! VInf ; - t = putatsya.t ; - a = putatsya.a ; - w = putatsya.w - } ; - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has the same relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase = Sentence ** Complement ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b,ivan,lubit -> - predVerbPhrase ivan (predVerbGroup b (verbOfTransVerb lubit)) ** - complementOfTransVerb lubit ; - -thereIs : NounPhrase -> Sentence = \bar -> - {s = "еÑÑ‚ÑŒ" ++ bar.s ! PF Nom No NonPoss} ; - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("и", "или") or distributed ("как - так", "либо - либо"). --- --- The conjunction has an inherent number, which is used when conjoining --- noun phrases: "Иван и Маша поют" vs. "Иван или Маша поет"; in the --- case of "или", the result is however plural if any of the disjuncts is. - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- - -oper - identRelPron : RelPron = { s = \\gn, c, anim => - kotorujDet.s ! (AF c anim gn )} ; - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \mama, kotoruj -> - {s = \\gn,c, anim => let {nu = numGNum gn} in - mama.s ! nu ! c ++ - mama.s2 ++ kotoruj.s ! gn ! mama.c ! anim - } ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("видит Машу") and --- slash expressions ("Ñ Ð²Ð¸Ð¶Ñƒ"). - - RelClause : Type = RelPron ; - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \kotoruj, gulyaet -> - { s = \\gn, c, anim => let { nu = numGNum gn } in - kotoruj.s ! gn ! c ! anim ++ gulyaet.s2 ++ gulyaet.s ! VFin gn P3 ++ - gulyaet.s3 ! genGNum gn ! nu - } ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = - \kotoruj, yaVizhu -> - {s = \\gn, _ , anim => yaVizhu.s2 ++ kotoruj.s ! gn ! yaVizhu.c ! anim - ++ yaVizhu.s - } ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "чиÑло x, такое что x - четное". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\gn,c, anim => takoj.s ! AF c anim gn ++ "что" ++ A.s } ; - --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. A comma is used before the relative clause. - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = - \chelovek,kotorujSmeetsya -> - { s = \\n,c => chelovek.s ! n ! c ++ "," ++ - kotorujSmeetsya.s ! gNum chelovek.g n ! Nom ! chelovek.anim; - g = chelovek.g ; - anim = chelovek.anim - } ; - - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are --- noun-phrase-like. Actually we can use the very same type! - - IntPron : Type = NounPhrase ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. We can reuse the rule applying --- functions to noun phrases! - - funIntPron : Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \detstvo, ivan -> - indefNounPhrase ivan.n (appFunComm detstvo ivan) ; -- detstvoIvana --- bug version: --- funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = --- appFun False ; - - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "ÐºÐ°ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¼Ð°ÑˆÐ¸Ð½Ð°", "кто", "что". - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron = \n, x -> - detNounPhrase (kakojDet ** {n = n ; g = PNoGen; c = Nom}) x ; - - intPronKto : Number -> IntPron = \num -> - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "кто" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "кого" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "кому" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "кого" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "кем" ; - PF Prepos _ _ => ["о ком"] - } ; - g = PGen Masc ; - anim = Animate ; - n = num ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; - - - - intPronChto : Number -> IntPron = \num -> - { s = table { - PF Nom _ _ => "что" ; - PF Gen _ _ => "чего" ; - PF Dat _ _ => "чему" ; - PF Acc _ _ => "что" ; - PF Inst _ _ => "чем" ; - PF Prepos _ _=> ["о чем"] - } ; - g = PGen Neut ; - anim = Inanimate ; - n = num ; - p = P3 ; - pron = False - } ; - - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean whole phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> postfixSS "." (defaultSentence x) ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> postfixSS "?" (defaultQuestion x) ; - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct ("Ты ÑчаÑтлив?") --- or indirect ("Потом он ÑпроÑил ÑчаÑтлив ли Ñ‚Ñ‹"). - -param - QuestForm = DirQ | IndirQ ; - -oper - Question = SS1 QuestForm ; - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are used both independently ("Ты взÑл мÑч?") --- and after interrogative adverbials ("Почему Ñ‚Ñ‹ взÑл мÑч?"). - --- Note: The particle "ли" can also be used in direct questions: --- Видел ли Ñ‚Ñ‹ что-нибудь подобное? --- but we are not considering this case. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \tu,spish -> - let { vu = tu.s ! (mkPronForm Nom No NonPoss); - spish = spish.s2 ++ spish.s ! VFin (gNum (pgen2gen tu.g) tu.n) tu.p - ++ spish.s3 ! (pgen2gen tu.g) ! tu.n } in - { s = table { - DirQ => vu ++ spish ; - IndirQ => spish ++ "ли" ++ vu - } - } ; - -isThere : NounPhrase -> Question = \bar -> - questVerbPhrase - ({s = \\_ => ["еÑÑ‚ÑŒ ли"] ; n = bar.n ; p = P3; g = bar.g; anim = bar.anim; pron = bar.pron}) - (predVerbGroup True (predNounPhrase bar)) ; - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences, --- others that are like $S/NP - NP$ sentences. - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \kto,spit -> - {s = table { _ => (predVerbPhrase kto spit).s } - } ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \Kto, yaGovoru -> - let { kom = Kto.s ! (mkPronForm yaGovoru.c No NonPoss) ; o = yaGovoru.s2 } in - {s = table { _ => o ++ kom ++ yaGovoru.s } - } ; - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "когда", "где", "как", "почему", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases. N.B. we rely on record subtyping when ignoring the --- position component. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - --- A question adverbial can be applied to anything, and whether this makes --- sense is a semantic question. - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \kak, tu, pozhivaesh -> - {s = \\q => kak.s ++ tu.s ! (mkPronForm Nom No NonPoss) ++ - pozhivaesh.s2 ++ pozhivaesh.s ! VFin (gNum (pgen2gen tu.g) tu.n) tu.p ++ - pozhivaesh.s3 ! (pgen2gen tu.g) ! tu.n } ; - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. - - Imperative: Type = { s: Gender => Number => Str } ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \budGotov -> - {s = \\g, n => budGotov.s2 ++ budGotov.s ! VImper n P2 ++ budGotov.s3 ! g ! n} ; - - imperUtterance : Gender -> Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \g,n,I -> - ss (I.s ! g ! n ++ "!") ; ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "otherwise", "therefore", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase. - - advSentence : SS -> Sentence -> Utterance = \sledovatelno, mamaMulaRamu -> - ss (sledovatelno.s ++ mamaMulaRamu.s ++ ".") ; - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. - - ListSentence : Type = SD2 ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = CO.twoSS ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consSS CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "Ñ‚Ñ‹ куришь, вы пьете и Ñ ÐµÐ¼". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctX c xs) ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part (e.g. "как") in front of the first element, the second --- part ("так и") between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - \c,xs -> - ss (CO.conjunctDistrX c xs) ; - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is a prefix adjective --- if and only if all elements are prefix. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : AdjForm => Str ; p : Bool} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable AdjForm x y ** {p = andB x.p y.p} ; - - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable AdjForm CO.comma xs x ** {p = andB xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable AdjForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable AdjForm c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = { s1,s2 : PronForm => Str ; g: PronGen ; - anim : Animacy ; n : Number ; p : Person ; pron : Bool } ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable PronForm x y ** {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; - g = conjPGender x.g y.g ; p = conjPerson x.p y.p ; - pron = conjPron x.pron y.pron ; anim = conjAnim x.anim y.anim } ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable PronForm CO.comma xs x ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; g = conjPGender x.g xs.g ; - anim = conjAnim x.anim xs.anim ; - p = conjPerson xs.p x.p; pron = conjPron xs.pron x.pron} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable PronForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; - anim = xs.anim ; - p = xs.p; g = xs.g ; pron = xs.pron} ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable PronForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; - p = xs.p ; pron = xs.pron ; anim = xs.anim ; - g = xs.g } ; - --- We have to define a calculus of numbers of persons. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - --- For persons, we let the latter argument win ("либо Ñ‚Ñ‹, либо Ñ Ð¿Ð¾Ð¹Ð´Ñƒ" --- but "либо Ñ, либо Ñ‚Ñ‹ пойдешь"). This is not quite clear. - - conjPerson : Person -> Person -> Person = \_,p -> - p ; - --- For pron, we let the latter argument win - "Маша или Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð°" (Nominative case) --- but - "моей или Машина мама" (Genetive case) both corresponds to --- "Masha's or my mother"), which is actually not exactly correct, since --- different cases should be used - "Машина или Ð¼Ð¾Ñ Ð¼Ð°Ð¼Ð°". - - conjPron : Bool -> Bool -> Bool = \_,p -> - p ; - --- For gender in a similar manner as for person: --- Needed for adjective predicates like: --- "Маша или ÐžÐ»Ñ - краÑиваÑ", "Ðнтон или Олег - краÑивый", --- "Маша или Олег - краÑивый". --- The later is not totally correct, but there is no correct way to say that. - - conjGender : Gender -> Gender -> Gender = \_,m -> m ; - conjPGender : PronGen -> PronGen -> PronGen = \_,m -> m ; - - conjAnim : Animacy -> Animacy -> Animacy = \_,m -> m ; - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("когда", "еÑли", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentence, an imperative, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. --- --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. --- "еÑли Ñ‚Ñ‹ закуришь, Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÑержуÑÑŒ" --- and "Ñ Ñ€Ð°ÑÑержуÑÑŒ, еÑли Ñ‚Ñ‹ закуришь". - - Subjunction = SS ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = - \if, A, B -> - ss (subjunctVariants if A.s B.s) ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\g,n => subjunctVariants if A.s (B.s ! g ! n)} ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\q => subjunctVariants if A.s (B.s ! q)} ; - - subjunctVerbPhrase: VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \V, if, A -> adVerbPhrase V (mkAdverb (if.s ++ A.s)) ; - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Str -> Str -> Str = \if,A,B -> - variants {if.s ++ A ++ "," ++ B ; B ++ "," ++ if.s ++ A} ; - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \masha -> - postfixSS "." (defaultNounPhrase masha) ; - - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,mashina -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n mashina) ; - - useRegularName : Gender -> SS -> NounPhrase = \g, masha -> - nameNounPhrase (case g of { Masc => mkProperNameMasc masha.s Animate; - _ => mkProperNameFem masha.s Animate }) ; - --- Here are some default forms. - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \masha -> - ss (masha.s ! PF Nom No NonPoss) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \ktoTu -> - ss (ktoTu.s ! DirQ) ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> - x ; -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestHTMLrus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestHTMLrus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 6b5437075..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestHTMLrus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ --- use this path to read the grammar from the same directory ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -concrete TestHTMLrus of TestHTML = StructuralRus ** open SyntaxRus in { - -flags - coding=utf8 ; - startcat=HTMLdoc ; lexer=text ; parser=chart ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - body = {s= " " ++"Это тело" ++ " "}; - head = {s= " " ++ "Это голова \\" ++ " "}; - htmlText x y = {s= " "++ x.s ++ " " ++ y.s ++ " "}; - -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestResourceRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestResourceRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d551cacb6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TestResourceRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,52 +0,0 @@ --- use this path to read the grammar from the same directory ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude -concrete TestResourceRus of TestResource = StructuralRus ** open SyntaxRus in { - -flags - coding=utf8 ; - startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; parser=chart ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - Big = bolshoj ; - Small = malenkij ; - Old = staruj ; - Young = molodoj ; - - Connection = (noun2CommNounPhrase (doroga) )** {s2 = "из" ; c = Gen; s3 = "в"; c2=Acc} ; - American = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "американÑк" ; -- adj1Malenkij from Paradigms - Finnish = ij_EndK_G_KH_Decl "финÑк" ; -- adj1Malenkij from Paradigms - Married = adjInvar "замужем" ** {s2 = "за"; c = Inst} ; -- adjinvar from Paradigms - Give = mkDitransVerb (extVerb verbDavat Act Present) Acc Dat; - Prefer = mkDitransVerb (extVerb verbPredpochitat Act Present) Acc Dat ; - Bar = bar ; - Bottle = butyulka ; - Wine = vino ; - Drink = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbPit Act Present ) ; - Happy = schastlivyuj ; - - Man = muzhchina ; - Woman = zhenchina ; - Car = mashina ; - House = dom ; - Light = svet ; - Walk = extVerb verbGulyat Act Present ; - Run = extVerb verbBegat Act Present ; - Love = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbLubit Act Present ) ; - Send = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbOtpravlyat Act Present ) ; - Wait = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbZhdat Act Present ); - Say = extVerb verbGovorit Act Present ; --- works in present tense... - Prove = extVerb verbDokazuvat Act Present ; - SwitchOn = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbVkluchat Act Present ) ; - SwitchOff = mkDirectVerb (extVerb verbVukluchat Act Present ) ; - - Mother = funGen mama ; - Uncle = funGen dyadya ; - - Always = vsegda ; - Well = chorosho ; - - John = mkProperNameMasc "Иван" Animate ; - Mary = mkProperNameFem "Маш" Animate ; -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TypesRus.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TypesRus.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d5114789d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/russian/TypesRus.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,293 +0,0 @@ ---1 Russian Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- Aarne Ranta, Janna Khegai 2003 --- --- This is a resource module for Russian morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Russian. It is aimed --- to be complete w.r.t. the description of word forms. --- However, it does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. --- - -resource TypesRus = open Prelude in { - -flags coding=utf8 ; - ---2 Enumerated parameter types --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. - -param - Gender = Masc | Fem | Neut ; - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Case = Nom | Gen | Dat | Acc | Inst | Prepos ; - Voice = Act | Pass ; - Aspect = Imperfective | Perfective ; - Tense = Present | Past ; - Degree = Pos | Comp | Super ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - AfterPrep = Yes | No ; - Possessive = NonPoss | Poss GenNum ; - Animacy = Animate | Inanimate ; - --- A number of Russian nouns have common gender. They can --- denote both males and females: "умница" (a clever person), "инженер" (an engineer). --- We overlook this phenomenon for now. - --- The AfterPrep parameter is introduced in order to describe --- the variations of the third person personal pronoun forms --- depending on whether they come after a preposition or not. - --- The Possessive parameter is introduced in order to describe --- the possessives of personal pronouns, which are used in the --- Genetive constructions like "мама моÑ" (my mother) instead of --- "мама менÑ" (the mother of mine). - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are mostly hierarchical. The alternative would be cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this would usually overgenerate. - --- However, we use the cross-products in complex cases --- (for example, aspect and tense parameter in the verb description) --- where the relationship between the parameters are non-trivial --- even though we aware that some combinations do not exist --- (for example, present perfective does not exist, but removing --- this combination would lead to having different descriptions --- for perfective and imperfective verbs, which we do not want for the --- sake of uniformity). - ---3 Nouns --- --- Common nouns decline according to number and case. --- For the sake of shorter description these parameters are --- combined in the type SubstForm. - - -param SubstForm = SF Number Case ; - --- Substantives moreover have an inherent gender. - -oper - CommNoun : Type = {s : SubstForm => Str ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy } ; - numSF: SubstForm -> Number = \sf -> case sf of - { - SF Sg _ => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - - caseSF: SubstForm -> Case = \sf -> case sf of - { - SF _ Nom => Nom ; - SF _ Gen => Gen ; - SF _ Dat => Dat ; - SF _ Inst => Inst ; - SF _ Acc => Acc ; - SF _ Prepos => Prepos - } ; - --- ---3 Pronouns --- - -oper - Pronoun : Type = { s : PronForm => Str ; n : Number ; - p : Person ; g: PronGen ; pron: Bool} ; - -param PronForm = PF Case AfterPrep Possessive; - --- Gender is not morphologically determined for first --- and second person pronouns. - - PronGen = PGen Gender | PNoGen ; - --- The following coercion is useful: - -oper - pgen2gen : PronGen -> Gender = \p -> case p of { - PGen g => g ; - PNoGen => variants {Masc ; Fem} --- the best we can do for ya, tu - } ; - -oper - extCase: PronForm -> Case = \pf -> case pf of - { PF Nom _ _ => Nom ; - PF Gen _ _ => Gen ; - PF Dat _ _ => Dat ; - PF Inst _ _ => Inst ; - PF Acc _ _ => Acc ; - PF Prepos _ _ => Prepos - } ; - - mkPronForm: Case -> AfterPrep -> Possessive -> PronForm = - \c,n,p -> PF c n p ; - ---3 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives is a very complex class. --- The major division is between the comparison degrees. - -param - AdjForm = AF Case Animacy GenNum | AdvF; - --- Declination forms depend on Case, Animacy , Gender: --- "большие дома" - "больших домов" (big houses - big houses'), --- Animacy plays role only in the Accusative case (Masc Sg and Plural forms): --- Accusative Animate = Genetive, Accusaive Inanimate = Nominative --- "Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±Ð»ÑŽ большие дома"-"Ñ Ð»ÑŽÐ±Ð»ÑŽ больших мужчин" --- (I love big houses - I love big men); --- and on Number: "большой дом" - "большие дома" --- (a big house - big houses). --- The plural never makes a gender distinction. - - GenNum = ASg Gender | APl ; - -oper numGNum : GenNum -> Number = \gn -> - case gn of { APl => Pl ; _ => Sg } ; - -oper genGNum : GenNum -> Gender = \gn -> - case gn of { ASg Fem => Fem; _ => Masc } ; - -oper numAF: AdjForm -> Number = \af -> - case af of { AdvF => Sg; AF _ _ gn => (numGNum gn) } ; - -oper genAF: AdjForm -> Gender = \af -> - case af of { AdvF => Neut; AF _ _ gn => (genGNum gn) } ; - -oper caseAF: AdjForm -> Case = \af -> - case af of { AdvF => Nom; AF c _ _ => c } ; - --- The Degree parameter should also be more complex, since most Russian --- adjectives have two comparative forms: --- attributive (syntactic (compound), declinable) - --- "более выÑокий" (corresponds to "more high") --- and predicative (indeclinable)- "выше" (higher) and more than one --- superlative forms: "Ñамый выÑокий" (corresponds to "the most high") - --- "наивыÑший" (the highest). - --- Even one more parameter independent of the degree can be added, --- since Russian adjectives in the positive degree also have two forms: --- long (attributive and predicative) - "выÑокий" (high) and short (predicative) - "выÑок" --- although this parameter will not be exactly orthogonal to the --- degree parameter. --- Short form has no case declension, so in principle --- it can be considered as an additional case. - --- Note: although the predicative usage of the long --- form is perfectly grammatical, it can have a slightly different meaning --- compared to the short form. --- For example: "он - больной" (long, predicative) vs. --- "он - болен" (short, predicative). - -oper - AdjDegr : Type = {s : Degree => AdjForm => Str} ; - --- Adjective type includes both non-degree adjective classes: --- possesive ("мамин"[mother's], "лиÑий" [fox'es]) --- and relative ("руÑÑкий" [Russian]) adjectives. - - Adjective : Type = {s : AdjForm => Str} ; - - ---3 Verbs - --- Mood is the main verb classification parameter. --- The verb mood can be infinitive, subjunctive, imperative, and indicative. - --- Note: subjunctive mood is analytical, i.e. formed from the past form of the --- indicative mood plus the particle "бы". That is why they have the same GenNum --- parameter. We choose to keep the "redundant" form in order to indicate --- the presence of the subjunctive mood in Russian verbs. - --- Aspect and Voice parameters are present in every mood, so Voice is put --- before the mood parameter in verb form description the hierachy. --- Moreover Aspect is regarded as an inherent parameter of a verb entry. --- The primary reason for that is that one imperfective form can have several --- perfective forms: "ломать" - "Ñ-ломать" - "по-ломать" (to break). --- Besides, the perfective form could be formed from imperfective --- by prefixation, but also by taking a completely different stem: --- "говорить"-"Ñказать" (to say). In the later case it is even natural to --- regard them as different verb entries. --- Another reason is that looking at the Aspect as an inherent verb parameter --- seem to be customary in other similar projects: --- http://starling.rinet.ru/morph.htm - --- Note: Of course, the whole inflection table has many redundancies --- in a sense that many verbs do not have all grammatically possible --- forms. For example, passive does not exist for the verb --- "любить" (to love), but exists for the verb "ломать" (to break). - --- Depending on the tense verbs conjugate according to combinations --- of gender, person and number of the verb objects. --- Participles (Present and Past) and Gerund forms are not included in the --- current description. This is the verb type used in the lexicon: - -oper Verbum : Type = { s: VerbForm => Str ; asp : Aspect }; - -param - - VerbForm = VFORM Voice VerbConj ; - VerbConj = VIND VTense | VIMP Number Person | VINF | VSUB GenNum ; - VTense = VPresent Number Person | VPast GenNum | VFuture Number Person ; - --- For writing an application grammar one usually doesn't need --- the whole inflection table, since each verb is used in --- a particular context that determines some of the parameters --- (Tense and Voice while Aspect is fixed from the beginning) for certain usage. --- So we define the "Verb" type, that have these parameters fixed. --- The conjugation parameters left (Gender, Number, Person) --- are combined in the "VF" type: - -param VF = - VFin GenNum Person | VImper Number Person | VInf | VSubj GenNum; - -oper - Verb : Type = {s : VF => Str ; t: Tense ; a : Aspect ; w: Voice} ; - - extVerb : Verbum -> Voice -> Tense -> Verb = \aller, vox, t -> - { s = table { - VFin gn p => case t of { - Present => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VIND (VPresent (numGNum gn) p)) ; - Past => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VIND (VPast gn)) - } ; - VImper n p => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VIMP n p) ; - VInf => aller.s ! VFORM vox VINF ; - VSubj gn => aller.s ! VFORM vox (VSUB gn) - }; t = t ; a = aller.asp ; w = vox } ; - - ---3 Other open classes --- --- Proper names and adverbs are the remaining open classes. - -oper - PNm : Type = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender} ; - --- Adverbials are not inflected (we ignore comparison, and treat --- compared adverbials as separate expressions; this could be done another way). - - Adverb : Type = SS ; - - ---3 Closed classes --- --- The rest of the Russian word classes are closed, i.e. not extensible by new --- lexical entries. Thus we don't have to know how to build them, but only --- how to use them, i.e. which parameters they have. --- - ---3 Relative pronouns --- --- Relative pronouns are inflected in --- gender, number, and case just like adjectives. - - RelPron : Type = {s : GenNum => Case => Animacy => Str} ; - - ---3 Prepositions --- the same as "Complement" category. Renaming the field "s2" into "s" has lead to --- the internal Haskell error during grammar compilation (heap size exausted)! - Preposition = { s2: Str; c: Case }; -}; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/Shallow.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/Shallow.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c66804fa2..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/Shallow.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,112 +0,0 @@ --- Shallow.gf by AR 19/2/2004 --- --- This is a resource API for shallow parsing. --- It aims to be as unambiguous as possible: so it hides --- scope ambiguities. --- Therefore it has many more rules than would be necessary --- actually to define the language. --- It is not primarily aimed to be used through selection from the API, --- but through a parser. --- It can also serve for experiments with shallow (fast?) parsing. --- --- S ::= NP Adv* V NP? Adv* --- | NP Adv* "is" Adj Adv* --- NP ::= Det CN --- CN ::= Adj* N - -abstract Shallow = { - cat - Phr ; - S ; - Qu ; - Imp ; - Verb ; - TV ; - Adj ; - AdjDeg ; ---- - Adj2 ; ---- - V3 ; ---- - N ; - Noun ; - CN ; - PN ; - NP ; - Det ; - Adv ; - Prep ; - Num ; - - fun - PhrS : S -> Phr ; - PhrQu : Qu -> Phr ; - PhrImp : Imp -> Phr ; - - SVerb, SNegVerb : NP -> Verb -> S ; - SVerbPP, SNegVerbPP : NP -> Verb -> Adv -> S ; - STV, SNegTV : NP -> TV -> NP -> S ; - SAdj, SNegAdj : NP -> Adj -> S ; - SAdjPP, SNegAdjPP : NP -> Adj -> Adv -> S ; - SCN, SNegCN : NP -> CN -> S ; - SAdv,SNegAdv : NP -> Adv -> S ; - - QuVerb, QuNegVerb : NP -> Verb -> Qu ; - - ImpVerb, ImpNegVerb : Verb -> Imp ; - ImpAdj, ImpNegAdj : Adj -> Imp ; - ImpCN, ImpNegCN : CN -> Imp ; - ImpAdv,ImpNegAdv : Adv -> Imp ; - - UsePN : PN -> NP ; - DefNP : CN -> NP ; - IndefNP : CN -> NP ; - DetNP : Det -> CN -> NP ; - - PrepNP : Prep -> NP -> Adv ; - AdvNoun : CN -> Adv -> CN ; - - CNNoun : Noun -> CN ; - NounN : N -> Noun ; - ModNoun : Adj -> Noun -> Noun ; - - NoNum : Num ; - --- copied from Structural - - EveryDet, WhichDet, AllMassDet, -- every, sg which, sg all - SomeDet, AnyDet, NoDet, -- sg some, any, no - MostDet, MostsDet, ManyDet, MuchDet : Det ; -- sg most, pl most, many, much - ThisDet, ThatDet : Det ; -- this, that - - AllNumDet, WhichNumDet, -- pl all, which (86) - SomeNumDet, AnyNumDet, NoNumDet, -- pl some, any, no - TheseNumDet, ThoseNumDet : Num -> Det ; -- these, those (86) - - ThisNP, ThatNP : NP ; -- this, that - TheseNumNP, ThoseNumNP : Num -> NP ; -- these, those (86) - INP, ThouNP, HeNP, SheNP, ItNP : NP ; -- personal pronouns in singular - WeNumNP, YeNumNP : Num -> NP ; -- these pronouns can take numeral - TheyNP : NP ; YouNP : NP ; -- they, the polite you - - EverybodyNP, SomebodyNP, NobodyNP, -- everybody, somebody, nobody - EverythingNP, SomethingNP, NothingNP : NP ; -- everything, something, nothing - - - InPrep, OnPrep, ToPrep, FromPrep, -- spatial relations - ThroughPrep, AbovePrep, UnderPrep, - InFrontPrep, BehindPrep, BetweenPrep : Prep ; - BeforePrep, DuringPrep, AfterPrep : Prep ; -- temporal relations - WithPrep, WithoutPrep, ByMeansPrep : Prep ; -- some other relations - PossessPrep : Prep ; -- possessive/genitive - PartPrep : Prep ; -- partitive "of" ("bottle of wine") - AgentPrep : Prep ; -- agent "by" in passive constructions - - ---! ---2 Affirmation and negation --- --- The negative-positive (French "si", German "doch") is missing. - - PhrYes, PhrNo : Phr ; -- yes, no - - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 3ede4b2e3..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude:../abstract:../english - -concrete ShallowEng of Shallow = ShallowI with (Resource = ResourceEng) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowFin.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowFin.gf deleted file mode 100644 index fa029ff51..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowFin.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude:../abstract:../swedish - -concrete ShallowFin of Shallow = ShallowI with (Resource = ResourceFin) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowI.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d0c384fe4..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude:../abstract - -incomplete concrete ShallowI of Shallow = open (Resource = Resource) in { - lincat - Phr = Resource.Phr ; - S = Resource.S ; - Qu = Resource.Qu ; - Imp = Resource.Imp ; - Verb = Resource.V ; - TV = Resource.TV ; - Adj = Resource.Adj1 ; - N = Resource.N ; - Noun = Resource.CN ; - CN = Resource.CN ; - NP = Resource.NP ; - PN = Resource.PN ; - Adv = Resource.AdV ; - Det = Resource.Det ; - Prep = Resource.Prep ; - Num = Resource.Num ; - AdjDeg = Resource.AdjDeg ; - Adj2 = Resource.Adj2 ; - V3 = Resource.V3 ; - - lin - PhrS = Resource.IndicPhrase ; - PhrQu = Resource.QuestPhrase ; - PhrImp = Resource.ImperOne ; - - SVerb x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - SNegVerb x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - SVerbPP x f y = Resource.PredVP x - (Resource.AdvVP (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredV f)) y) ; - SNegVerbPP x f y = Resource.PredVP x - (Resource.AdvVP (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredV f)) y) ; - STV x f y = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.PosVG - (Resource.PredTV f y)) ; - SNegTV x f y = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.NegVG - (Resource.PredTV f y)) ; - SAdj x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.PosVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) ; - SNegAdj x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.NegVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) ; - SAdjPP x f y = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.AdvVP (Resource.PosVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) y) ; - SNegAdjPP x f y = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.AdvVP (Resource.NegVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) y) ; - - SCN x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredCN f)) ; - SNegCN x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredCN f)) ; - SAdv x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredAdV f)) ; - SNegAdv x f = Resource.PredVP x (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredAdV f)) ; - - QuVerb x f = Resource.QuestVP x (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - QuNegVerb x f = Resource.QuestVP x (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - - ImpVerb f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - ImpNegVerb f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredV f)) ; - ImpAdj f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.PosVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) ; - ImpNegAdj f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.NegVG - (Resource.PredAP (Resource.AdjP1 f))) ; - ImpCN f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredCN f)) ; - ImpNegCN f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredCN f)) ; - ImpAdv f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.PosVG (Resource.PredAdV f)) ; - ImpNegAdv f = Resource.ImperVP (Resource.NegVG (Resource.PredAdV f)) ; - - ModNoun a n = Resource.ModAdj (Resource.AdjP1 a) n ; - PrepNP = Resource.PrepNP ; - AdvNoun f a = Resource.AdvCN f a ; - NounN = Resource.UseN ; - CNNoun n = n ; - - DetNP = Resource.DetNP ; - DefNP = Resource.DefOneNP ; - IndefNP = Resource.IndefOneNP ; - UsePN = Resource.UsePN ; - --- created in hugs from gf Warning lines by: --- do {s <- readFile "koe2" ; mapM_ (appendFile "koe3" . (\f -> f ++ " = Resource." ++ f ++ " ;\n") . last . words) (lines s)} - -AfterPrep = Resource.AfterPrep ; -AgentPrep = Resource.AgentPrep ; -AllMassDet = Resource.AllMassDet ; -AllNumDet = Resource.AllNumDet ; -AnyDet = Resource.AnyDet ; -AnyNumDet = Resource.AnyNumDet ; -BeforePrep = Resource.BeforePrep ; -BehindPrep = Resource.BehindPrep ; -BetweenPrep = Resource.BetweenPrep ; -ByMeansPrep = Resource.ByMeansPrep ; -DuringPrep = Resource.DuringPrep ; -EveryDet = Resource.EveryDet ; -EverybodyNP = Resource.EverybodyNP ; -EverythingNP = Resource.EverythingNP ; -FromPrep = Resource.FromPrep ; -HeNP = Resource.HeNP ; -INP = Resource.INP ; -InFrontPrep = Resource.InFrontPrep ; -InPrep = Resource.InPrep ; -ItNP = Resource.ItNP ; -ManyDet = Resource.ManyDet ; -MostDet = Resource.MostDet ; -MostsDet = Resource.MostsDet ; -MuchDet = Resource.MuchDet ; -NoDet = Resource.NoDet ; -NoNum = Resource.NoNum ; -NoNumDet = Resource.NoNumDet ; -NobodyNP = Resource.NobodyNP ; -NothingNP = Resource.NothingNP ; -OnPrep = Resource.OnPrep ; -PartPrep = Resource.PartPrep ; -PhrNo = Resource.PhrNo ; -PhrYes = Resource.PhrYes ; -PossessPrep = Resource.PossessPrep ; -SheNP = Resource.SheNP ; -SomeDet = Resource.SomeDet ; -SomeNumDet = Resource.SomeNumDet ; -SomebodyNP = Resource.SomebodyNP ; -SomethingNP = Resource.SomethingNP ; -ThatDet = Resource.ThatDet ; -ThatNP = Resource.ThatNP ; -TheseNumDet = Resource.TheseNumDet ; -TheseNumNP = Resource.TheseNumNP ; -TheyNP = Resource.TheyNP ; -ThisDet = Resource.ThisDet ; -ThisNP = Resource.ThisNP ; -ThoseNumDet = Resource.ThoseNumDet ; -ThoseNumNP = Resource.ThoseNumNP ; -ThouNP = Resource.ThouNP ; -ThroughPrep = Resource.ThroughPrep ; -ToPrep = Resource.ToPrep ; -UnderPrep = Resource.UnderPrep ; -WeNumNP = Resource.WeNumNP ; -WhichDet = Resource.WhichDet ; -WhichNumDet = Resource.WhichNumDet ; -WithPrep = Resource.WithPrep ; -WithoutPrep = Resource.WithoutPrep ; -YeNumNP = Resource.YeNumNP ; -YouNP = Resource.YouNP ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 52d5e478c..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/ShallowSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude:../abstract:../swedish - -concrete ShallowSwe of Shallow = ShallowI with (Resource = ResourceSwe) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallow.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallow.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 738bc1a2f..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallow.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,11 +0,0 @@ -abstract TestShallow = Shallow ** { - -fun - Big, Happy, Small, Old, Young : Adj ; - American, Finnish : Adj ; - Married : Adj ; - Man, Woman, Car, House, Light, Bar, Bottle, Wine : Noun ; - Walk, Run : Verb ; - Send, Wait, Love, Drink, SwitchOn, SwitchOff : TV ; - Mother, Uncle : Noun ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallowEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallowEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index dd50e81ef..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/TestShallowEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,14 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude:../abstract:../english - -concrete TestShallowEng of TestShallow = ShallowEng ** open ParadigmsEng in { - lin - Big = mkAdj1 "big" ; - Happy = mkAdj1 "happy" ; - Small = mkAdj1 "small" ; - American = mkAdj1 "American" ; ---- Man = nMan "man" "men" human ; - Car = cnNonhuman "car" ; - Walk = vReg "walk" ; - Love = tvDir (vReg "love") ; -} - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexAbs.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexAbs.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 470d13e07..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexAbs.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,244 +0,0 @@ -abstract LexAbs = Shallow ** { -fun journey1 : Verb ; -fun judge1 : Verb ; -fun Dinah1 : PN ; -fun On1 : Adj ; -fun Rachel1 : PN ; -fun Rebekah1 : PN ; -fun Laban1 : PN ; -fun Leah1 : PN ; -fun Lot1 : PN ; -fun Lotan1 : PN ; -fun Pharaoh1 : PN ; -fun Hamor1 : PN ; -fun right1 : Adj ; -fun roll1 : Verb ; -fun rule1 : Verb ; -fun rain1 : Verb ; -fun reign1 : Verb ; -fun receive1 : Verb ; -fun reward1 : Verb ; -fun reach1 : Verb ; -fun remember1 : Verb ; -fun remove1 : Verb ; -fun refrain1 : Verb ; -fun rest1 : Verb ; -fun restore1 : Verb ; -fun return1 : Verb ; -fun require1 : Verb ; -fun Bless1 : Verb ; -fun Benjamin1 : PN ; -fun number1 : Verb ; -fun name1 : Verb ; -fun nourish1 : Verb ; -fun guard1 : PN ; -fun gather1 : Verb ; -fun gracious1 : Adj ; -fun great1 : Adj ; -fun go1 : Adj ; -fun good1 : Adj ; -fun Manasseh1 : PN ; -fun kill1 : Verb ; -fun kiss1 : Verb ; -fun king1 : N ; -fun kind1 : Adj ; -fun know1 : Adj ; -fun lodge1 : Verb ; -fun love1 : Verb ; -fun lord1 : N ; -fun look1 : Verb ; -fun leap1 : Verb ; -fun light1 : Verb ; -fun light2 : Adj ; -fun lift1 : Verb ; -fun lion1 : PN ; -fun live1 : Verb ; -fun laugh1 : Verb ; -fun lad1 : N ; -fun lad2 : Verb ; -fun lade1 : Verb ; -fun Abimelech1 : PN ; -fun Abram1 : PN ; -fun Abraham1 : PN ; -fun Ishmael1 : PN ; -fun Isaac1 : PN ; -fun Israel1 : PN ; -fun God1 : PN ; -fun vow1 : Verb ; -fun very1 : Adj ; -fun visit1 : Verb ; -fun smell1 : Verb ; -fun scatter1 : Verb ; -fun stand1 : Adj ; -fun stay1 : Verb ; -fun sister1 : PN ; -fun see1 : Verb ; -fun seem1 : Verb ; -fun seek1 : Adj ; -fun secret1 : Adj ; -fun separate1 : Verb ; -fun serve1 : Verb ; -fun servant1 : N ; -fun spoil1 : Verb ; -fun sojourn1 : Verb ; -fun sow1 : Verb ; -fun sore1 : Adj ; -fun son1 : N ; -fun sad1 : Adj ; -fun sack1 : N ; -fun save1 : Verb ; -fun saw1 : Adj ; -fun sure1 : Adj ; -fun should1 : Adj ; -fun she1 : Verb ; -fun shew1 : Verb ; -fun master1 : PN ; -fun marry1 : Verb ; -fun may1 : Adj ; -fun man1 : PN ; -fun mock1 : Verb ; -fun mother1 : PN ; -fun mourn1 : Verb ; -fun men1 : PN ; -fun mean1 : Adj ; -fun multiply1 : Verb ; -fun fill1 : Verb ; -fun finish1 : Verb ; -fun find1 : Adj ; -fun follow1 : Verb ; -fun form1 : Verb ; -fun forty1 : PN ; -fun fetch1 : Verb ; -fun fear1 : Verb ; -fun fear2 : Adj ; -fun favour1 : Verb ; -fun faint1 : Verb ; -fun fail1 : Verb ; -fun father1 : N ; -fun She1 : Verb ; -fun Shechem1 : PN ; -fun Sarai1 : PN ; -fun Sarah1 : PN ; -fun Judah1 : PN ; -fun Jacob1 : PN ; -fun Joseph1 : PN ; -fun dry1 : Verb ; -fun dress1 : Verb ; -fun dream1 : Verb ; -fun deliver1 : Verb ; -fun desire1 : Verb ; -fun destroy1 : Verb ; -fun depart1 : Verb ; -fun devour1 : Verb ; -fun do1 : Adj ; -fun double1 : Verb ; -fun day1 : N ; -fun dwell1 : Verb ; -fun discern1 : Verb ; -fun distress1 : Verb ; -fun displease1 : Verb ; -fun divide1 : Verb ; -fun die1 : Verb ; -fun bad1 : Adj ; -fun bless1 : Verb ; -fun build1 : Verb ; -fun bury1 : Verb ; -fun brother1 : PN ; -fun breath1 : Verb ; -fun bow1 : Verb ; -fun be1 : Verb ; -fun bed1 : PN ; -fun yield1 : Verb ; -fun young1 : Adj ; -fun your1 : PN ; -fun obey1 : Verb ; -fun open1 : Verb ; -fun open2 : Adj ; -fun on1 : Adj ; -fun our1 : N ; -fun offer1 : Verb ; -fun turn1 : Verb ; -fun tarry1 : Verb ; -fun till1 : Adj ; -fun twenty1 : PN ; -fun travail1 : Verb ; -fun touch1 : Verb ; -fun ten1 : PN ; -fun their1 : PN ; -fun escape1 : Verb ; -fun establish1 : Verb ; -fun exceeding1 : Adj ; -fun enter1 : Verb ; -fun end1 : Verb ; -fun eat1 : Adj ; -fun empty1 : Verb ; -fun embalm1 : Verb ; -fun hard1 : Adj ; -fun hast1 : Verb ; -fun haste1 : Verb ; -fun hang1 : Verb ; -fun hate1 : Verb ; -fun hire1 : Verb ; -fun he1 : Verb ; -fun hearken1 : Verb ; -fun would1 : Adj ; -fun worship1 : Verb ; -fun woman1 : PN ; -fun weary1 : Verb ; -fun well1 : N ; -fun went1 : Adj ; -fun widow1 : PN ; -fun wicked1 : Adj ; -fun wife1 : PN ; -fun wander1 : Verb ; -fun water1 : Verb ; -fun walk1 : Verb ; -fun wash1 : Verb ; -fun pitch1 : Verb ; -fun prosper1 : Verb ; -fun preserve1 : Verb ; -fun present1 : Verb ; -fun prevail1 : Verb ; -fun pray1 : Verb ; -fun plant1 : Verb ; -fun place1 : Verb ; -fun part1 : Verb ; -fun pass1 : Verb ; -fun pursue1 : Verb ; -fun purchase1 : Verb ; -fun appoint1 : Verb ; -fun appear1 : Verb ; -fun accept1 : Verb ; -fun ask1 : Verb ; -fun ass1 : N ; -fun ass2 : PN ; -fun another1 : PN ; -fun answer1 : Verb ; -fun curse1 : Verb ; -fun circumcise1 : Verb ; -fun cry1 : Verb ; -fun cease1 : Verb ; -fun certain1 : Adj ; -fun change1 : Verb ; -fun charge1 : Verb ; -fun children1 : PN ; -fun cause1 : Verb ; -fun camel1 : N ; -fun call1 : Verb ; -fun carry1 : Verb ; -fun consume1 : Verb ; -fun conceive1 : Verb ; -fun corrupt1 : Verb ; -fun couch1 : Verb ; -fun commune1 : Verb ; -fun command1 : Verb ; -fun comfort1 : Verb ; -fun increase1 : Verb ; -fun intreat1 : Verb ; -fun interpret1 : Verb ; -fun Nahor1 : PN ; -fun Noah1 : PN ; -fun Esau1 : PN ; -fun Ephraim1 : PN ; -fun Egyptian1 : N ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ce841dc04..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/LexEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,245 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:..:../../../prelude:../../abstract:../../english -concrete LexEng of LexAbs = ShallowEng ** open ParadigmsEng in { -lin journey1 = vGen "journey" ; -lin judge1 = vGen "judge" ; -lin Dinah1 = pnReg "Dinah" ; -lin On1 = mkAdj1 "On" ; -lin Rachel1 = pnReg "Rachel" ; -lin Rebekah1 = pnReg "Rebekah" ; -lin Laban1 = pnReg "Laban" ; -lin Leah1 = pnReg "Leah" ; -lin Lot1 = pnReg "Lot" ; -lin Lotan1 = pnReg "Lotan" ; -lin Pharaoh1 = pnReg "Pharaoh" ; -lin Hamor1 = pnReg "Hamor" ; -lin right1 = mkAdj1 "right" ; -lin roll1 = vGen "roll" ; -lin rule1 = vGen "rule" ; -lin rain1 = vGen "rain" ; -lin reign1 = vGen "reign" ; -lin receive1 = vGen "receive" ; -lin reward1 = vGen "reward" ; -lin reach1 = vGen "reach" ; -lin remember1 = vGen "remember" ; -lin remove1 = vGen "remove" ; -lin refrain1 = vGen "refrain" ; -lin rest1 = vGen "rest" ; -lin restore1 = vGen "restore" ; -lin return1 = vGen "return" ; -lin require1 = vGen "require" ; -lin Bless1 = vGen "Bless" ; -lin Benjamin1 = pnReg "Benjamin" ; -lin number1 = vGen "number" ; -lin name1 = vGen "name" ; -lin nourish1 = vGen "nourish" ; -lin guard1 = pnReg "guard" ; -lin gather1 = vGen "gather" ; -lin gracious1 = mkAdj1 "gracious" ; -lin great1 = mkAdj1 "great" ; -lin go1 = mkAdj1 "go" ; -lin good1 = mkAdj1 "good" ; -lin Manasseh1 = pnReg "Manasseh" ; -lin kill1 = vGen "kill" ; -lin kiss1 = vGen "kiss" ; -lin king1 = nNonhuman "king" ; -lin kind1 = mkAdj1 "kind" ; -lin know1 = mkAdj1 "know" ; -lin lodge1 = vGen "lodge" ; -lin love1 = vGen "love" ; -lin lord1 = nNonhuman "lord" ; -lin look1 = vGen "look" ; -lin leap1 = vGen "leap" ; -lin light1 = vGen "light" ; -lin light2 = mkAdj1 "light" ; -lin lift1 = vGen "lift" ; -lin lion1 = pnReg "lion" ; -lin live1 = vGen "live" ; -lin laugh1 = vGen "laugh" ; -lin lad1 = nNonhuman "lad" ; -lin lad2 = vGen "lad" ; -lin lade1 = vGen "lade" ; -lin Abimelech1 = pnReg "Abimelech" ; -lin Abram1 = pnReg "Abram" ; -lin Abraham1 = pnReg "Abraham" ; -lin Ishmael1 = pnReg "Ishmael" ; -lin Isaac1 = pnReg "Isaac" ; -lin Israel1 = pnReg "Israel" ; -lin God1 = pnReg "God" ; -lin vow1 = vGen "vow" ; -lin very1 = mkAdj1 "very" ; -lin visit1 = vGen "visit" ; -lin smell1 = vGen "smell" ; -lin scatter1 = vGen "scatter" ; -lin stand1 = mkAdj1 "stand" ; -lin stay1 = vGen "stay" ; -lin sister1 = pnReg "sister" ; -lin see1 = vGen "see" ; -lin seem1 = vGen "seem" ; -lin seek1 = mkAdj1 "seek" ; -lin secret1 = mkAdj1 "secret" ; -lin separate1 = vGen "separate" ; -lin serve1 = vGen "serve" ; -lin servant1 = nNonhuman "servant" ; -lin spoil1 = vGen "spoil" ; -lin sojourn1 = vGen "sojourn" ; -lin sow1 = vGen "sow" ; -lin sore1 = mkAdj1 "sore" ; -lin son1 = nNonhuman "son" ; -lin sad1 = mkAdj1 "sad" ; -lin sack1 = nNonhuman "sack" ; -lin save1 = vGen "save" ; -lin saw1 = mkAdj1 "saw" ; -lin sure1 = mkAdj1 "sure" ; -lin should1 = mkAdj1 "should" ; -lin she1 = vGen "she" ; -lin shew1 = vGen "shew" ; -lin master1 = pnReg "master" ; -lin marry1 = vGen "marry" ; -lin may1 = mkAdj1 "may" ; -lin man1 = pnReg "man" ; -lin mock1 = vGen "mock" ; -lin mother1 = pnReg "mother" ; -lin mourn1 = vGen "mourn" ; -lin men1 = pnReg "men" ; -lin mean1 = mkAdj1 "mean" ; -lin multiply1 = vGen "multiply" ; -lin fill1 = vGen "fill" ; -lin finish1 = vGen "finish" ; -lin find1 = mkAdj1 "find" ; -lin follow1 = vGen "follow" ; -lin form1 = vGen "form" ; -lin forty1 = pnReg "forty" ; -lin fetch1 = vGen "fetch" ; -lin fear1 = vGen "fear" ; -lin fear2 = mkAdj1 "fear" ; -lin favour1 = vGen "favour" ; -lin faint1 = vGen "faint" ; -lin fail1 = vGen "fail" ; -lin father1 = nNonhuman "father" ; -lin She1 = vGen "She" ; -lin Shechem1 = pnReg "Shechem" ; -lin Sarai1 = pnReg "Sarai" ; -lin Sarah1 = pnReg "Sarah" ; -lin Judah1 = pnReg "Judah" ; -lin Jacob1 = pnReg "Jacob" ; -lin Joseph1 = pnReg "Joseph" ; -lin dry1 = vGen "dry" ; -lin dress1 = vGen "dress" ; -lin dream1 = vGen "dream" ; -lin deliver1 = vGen "deliver" ; -lin desire1 = vGen "desire" ; -lin destroy1 = vGen "destroy" ; -lin depart1 = vGen "depart" ; -lin devour1 = vGen "devour" ; -lin do1 = mkAdj1 "do" ; -lin double1 = vGen "double" ; -lin day1 = nNonhuman "day" ; -lin dwell1 = vGen "dwell" ; -lin discern1 = vGen "discern" ; -lin distress1 = vGen "distress" ; -lin displease1 = vGen "displease" ; -lin divide1 = vGen "divide" ; -lin die1 = vGen "die" ; -lin bad1 = mkAdj1 "bad" ; -lin bless1 = vGen "bless" ; -lin build1 = vGen "build" ; -lin bury1 = vGen "bury" ; -lin brother1 = pnReg "brother" ; -lin breath1 = vGen "breath" ; -lin bow1 = vGen "bow" ; -lin be1 = vGen "be" ; -lin bed1 = pnReg "bed" ; -lin yield1 = vGen "yield" ; -lin young1 = mkAdj1 "young" ; -lin your1 = pnReg "your" ; -lin obey1 = vGen "obey" ; -lin open1 = vGen "open" ; -lin open2 = mkAdj1 "open" ; -lin on1 = mkAdj1 "on" ; -lin our1 = nNonhuman "our" ; -lin offer1 = vGen "offer" ; -lin turn1 = vGen "turn" ; -lin tarry1 = vGen "tarry" ; -lin till1 = mkAdj1 "till" ; -lin twenty1 = pnReg "twenty" ; -lin travail1 = vGen "travail" ; -lin touch1 = vGen "touch" ; -lin ten1 = pnReg "ten" ; -lin their1 = pnReg "their" ; -lin escape1 = vGen "escape" ; -lin establish1 = vGen "establish" ; -lin exceeding1 = mkAdj1 "exceeding" ; -lin enter1 = vGen "enter" ; -lin end1 = vGen "end" ; -lin eat1 = mkAdj1 "eat" ; -lin empty1 = vGen "empty" ; -lin embalm1 = vGen "embalm" ; -lin hard1 = mkAdj1 "hard" ; -lin hast1 = vGen "hast" ; -lin haste1 = vGen "haste" ; -lin hang1 = vGen "hang" ; -lin hate1 = vGen "hate" ; -lin hire1 = vGen "hire" ; -lin he1 = vGen "he" ; -lin hearken1 = vGen "hearken" ; -lin would1 = mkAdj1 "would" ; -lin worship1 = vGen "worship" ; -lin woman1 = pnReg "woman" ; -lin weary1 = vGen "weary" ; -lin well1 = nNonhuman "well" ; -lin went1 = mkAdj1 "went" ; -lin widow1 = pnReg "widow" ; -lin wicked1 = mkAdj1 "wicked" ; -lin wife1 = pnReg "wife" ; -lin wander1 = vGen "wander" ; -lin water1 = vGen "water" ; -lin walk1 = vGen "walk" ; -lin wash1 = vGen "wash" ; -lin pitch1 = vGen "pitch" ; -lin prosper1 = vGen "prosper" ; -lin preserve1 = vGen "preserve" ; -lin present1 = vGen "present" ; -lin prevail1 = vGen "prevail" ; -lin pray1 = vGen "pray" ; -lin plant1 = vGen "plant" ; -lin place1 = vGen "place" ; -lin part1 = vGen "part" ; -lin pass1 = vGen "pass" ; -lin pursue1 = vGen "pursue" ; -lin purchase1 = vGen "purchase" ; -lin appoint1 = vGen "appoint" ; -lin appear1 = vGen "appear" ; -lin accept1 = vGen "accept" ; -lin ask1 = vGen "ask" ; -lin ass1 = nNonhuman "ass" ; -lin ass2 = pnReg "ass" ; -lin another1 = pnReg "another" ; -lin answer1 = vGen "answer" ; -lin curse1 = vGen "curse" ; -lin circumcise1 = vGen "circumcise" ; -lin cry1 = vGen "cry" ; -lin cease1 = vGen "cease" ; -lin certain1 = mkAdj1 "certain" ; -lin change1 = vGen "change" ; -lin charge1 = vGen "charge" ; -lin children1 = pnReg "children" ; -lin cause1 = vGen "cause" ; -lin camel1 = nNonhuman "camel" ; -lin call1 = vGen "call" ; -lin carry1 = vGen "carry" ; -lin consume1 = vGen "consume" ; -lin conceive1 = vGen "conceive" ; -lin corrupt1 = vGen "corrupt" ; -lin couch1 = vGen "couch" ; -lin commune1 = vGen "commune" ; -lin command1 = vGen "command" ; -lin comfort1 = vGen "comfort" ; -lin increase1 = vGen "increase" ; -lin intreat1 = vGen "intreat" ; -lin interpret1 = vGen "interpret" ; -lin Nahor1 = pnReg "Nahor" ; -lin Noah1 = pnReg "Noah" ; -lin Esau1 = pnReg "Esau" ; -lin Ephraim1 = pnReg "Ephraim" ; -lin Egyptian1 = nNonhuman "Egyptian" ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/english.para b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/english.para deleted file mode 100644 index 90c9cd514..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/english/english.para +++ /dev/null @@ -1,21 +0,0 @@ -N!nNonhuman: car cars |car's|cars'| -N!nNonhuman: bab/y babies |baby's|babies'| -N!nNonhuman: bos/s bosses |boss's|bosses'| -PN!pnReg: john john's *johns -Verb!vGen: walk walked -Verb!vGen: ja/m jammed -Verb!vGen: ra/p rapped -Verb!vGen: shar/e shared -Verb!vGen: sp/y spied -Verb!vGen: kis/s kissed -Adj!mkAdj1: slow |slowest|slowly| -Adj!mkAdj1: bi/g |biggest|bigly| -Adj!mkAdj1: happ/y |happiest|happily| --- --- To do then: --- grep fun koe >LexAbs.gf --- grep lin koe >LexEng.gf --- And prefix these files with --- abstract LexAbs = Shallow ** { --- --# -path=.:..:../../../prelude:../../abstract:../../english --- concrete LexEng of LexAbs = ShallowEng ** open ParadigmsEng in { diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/finnish/finnish.para b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/finnish/finnish.para deleted file mode 100644 index dbe1a2339..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/finnish/finnish.para +++ /dev/null @@ -1,61 +0,0 @@ -N!nLukko: ku/kko kukon -- kukkoja -N!nLukko: ru/tto ruton -- ruttoja -N!nLukko: ty/ttö tytön -- tyttöjä -N!nLukko: lä/tty lätyn -- lättyjä -N!nLukko: ha/ttu hatun -- hattuja -N!nLukko: hui/ppu huipun -- huippuja -N!nLukko: hy/ppy hypyn -- hyppyjä - -N!nTalo: tal/o |talon|talossa|talosta| taloja taloa -N!nTalo: hal/u |halun|halussa|talusta| haluja -N!nTalo: sär/ö |särön|särössä|säröstä| säröjä halua -N!nTalo: säv/y |sävyn|sävyssä|sävystä| sävyjä - -N!nArpi: ar/pi (arvessa|arvella|arvissa|arvilla) -N!nSylki: syl/ki (syljessä|syljellä|syljissä|syljillä) -N!nKukko: koir/a +koiran +koiria -N!nKukko: syyl/ä +syylän +syyliä - -N!nLinux: linux/ia linux linuxin -N!nLinux: syrinx/iä syrinx syrinxin - -N!nRae: ta/e +takeena -N!nRae: perh/e +perheenä -N!nRae: sa/de +sateena - -N!nSusi: su/si +suden +sutta -N!nSusi: pie/ni +pienen +pientä -N!nSusi: ka/nsi +kannen +kantta - -N!nPuu: m/aa maahan |maassa|maasta| -N!nPuu: p/uu puuhun -N!nPuu: p/ii piihin -N!nPuu: p/ää päähän |päässä|päästä| -N!nPuu: k/öö kööhön - -N!nSuo: s/uo |suohon|suossa| -N!nSuo: t/ie |tiehen|tiessä| -N!nSuo: t/yö |työhön|työssä| - -N!nNainen: nai/sta nainen -- naisen -N!nNainen: hyi/stä hyinen - -N!nTilaus: til/aus +tilauksena - -N!nNauris: naur/is |naurista|nauriin| - -Verb!vValua: san/oa |sanon|sanoo| |sanoi|sanoin|sanoit| |sanoisi|sanoisin|sanoisit| -Verb!vValua: kys/yä |kysyn|kysyy| |kysyi|kysyin|kysyit| |kysyisi|kysyisin|kysyisit| -Verb!vValua: kul/ua [kylun|kuluu| |kului|kuluin| |kuluisi| - -Verb!vOstaa: ost/aa |ostan|ostat| |osti|ostin| |ostanut| -Verb!vOstaa: est/ää |estän|estät| |esti|estin| |estänyt| - --- --- To do then: --- grep fun koe >LexAbs.gf --- grep lin koe >LexEng.gf --- And prefix these files with --- abstract FinAbs = Shallow ** { --- --# -path=.:..:../../../prelude:../../abstract:../../finnish --- concrete FinFin of FinAbs = ShallowFin ** open ParadigmsFin in { diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/MkLex.hs b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/MkLex.hs deleted file mode 100644 index 06bc55953..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/MkLex.hs +++ /dev/null @@ -1,66 +0,0 @@ -module MkLex where - -import System -import Monad - --- to massage an ispell word list into a GF lexicon. AR 20/2/2004 - -lexfile = "linux.words" -absfile = "Lex.gf" -cncfile = "LexEng.gf" -maxsize = 10000 :: Int --- add more! - -massage :: IO () -massage = do - -- initialize target files - system $ "echo \"\" >" ++ absfile - system $ "echo \"\" >" ++ cncfile - appendFile absfile $ - "abstract Lex = Shallow ** {\nfun\n" - appendFile cncfile $ - "--# -path=.:..:../../../prelude:../../abstract:../../english\n\n" - appendFile cncfile $ - "concrete LexEng of Lex = ShallowEng ** open ParadigmsEng in {\nlin\n" - -- reverse to study endings - ws <- liftM (map reverse . lines) $ readFile lexfile - sortWords $ take maxsize ws - --- we exploit the fact that the original list is sorted and --- different forms therefore lie consecutively -sortWords :: [String] -> IO () -sortWords ws = case ws of - u : ('d':'e':v) : ('s':w) : vs | v == u && w == u -> -- regular verb - mkEntry verbReg u >> sortWords vs - ('e':u) : ('d':'e':v) : ('s':'e':w) : vs | v == u && w == u -> -- e-verb - mkEntry verbE ('e':u) >> sortWords vs - u : ('y':'l':v) : vs | v == u -> -- regular adjective - mkEntry adjReg u >> sortWords vs - u : ('s':v) : vs | v == u -> -- regular noun - mkEntry nounReg u >> sortWords vs - ---- add more - _ : vs -> sortWords vs - [] -> appendFile absfile " }\n" >> appendFile cncfile " }\n" - -mkEntry :: (String -> (String,String)) -> String -> IO () -mkEntry abc w0 = do - let w = reverse w0 - let (ab,cn) = abc w - appendFile absfile $ " " ++ ab - appendFile absfile $ " ;\n" - appendFile cncfile $ " " ++ cn - appendFile cncfile $ " ;\n" - -verbReg :: String -> (String,String) -verbReg = mkGF "Verb" "vReg" - -verbE = verbReg ---- -adjReg = mkGF "Adj" "mkAdj1" -nounReg = mkGF "Noun" "cnNonhuman" - - -mkGF :: String -> String -> (String -> (String,String)) -mkGF cat oper w = ( - w ++ "L : " ++ cat, - w ++ "L = " ++ oper ++ " \"" ++ w ++ "\"" - ) - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/linux.words b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/linux.words deleted file mode 100644 index 99c320be8..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/linux.words +++ /dev/null @@ -1,45424 +0,0 @@ -Aarhus -Aaron -Ababa -aback -abaft -abandon -abandoned -abandoning -abandonment -abandons -abase -abased -abasement -abasements -abases -abash -abashed -abashes -abashing -abasing -abate -abated -abatement -abatements -abater -abates -abating -Abba -abbe -abbey -abbeys -abbot -abbots -Abbott -abbreviate -abbreviated -abbreviates -abbreviating -abbreviation -abbreviations -Abby -abdomen -abdomens -abdominal -abduct -abducted -abduction -abductions -abductor -abductors -abducts -Abe -abed -Abel -Abelian -Abelson -Aberdeen -Abernathy -aberrant -aberration -aberrations -abet -abets -abetted -abetter -abetting -abeyance -abhor -abhorred -abhorrent -abhorrer -abhorring -abhors -abide -abided -abides -abiding -Abidjan -Abigail -Abilene -abilities -ability -abject -abjection -abjections -abjectly -abjectness -abjure -abjured -abjures -abjuring -ablate -ablated -ablates -ablating -ablation -ablative -ablaze -able -abler -ablest -ably -Abner -abnormal -abnormalities -abnormality -abnormally -Abo -aboard -abode -abodes -abolish -abolished -abolisher -abolishers -abolishes -abolishing -abolishment -abolishments -abolition -abolitionist -abolitionists -abominable -abominate -aboriginal -aborigine -aborigines -abort -aborted -aborting -abortion -abortions -abortive -abortively -aborts -Abos -abound -abounded -abounding -abounds -about -above -aboveboard -aboveground -abovementioned -abrade -abraded -abrades -abrading -Abraham -Abram -Abrams -Abramson -abrasion -abrasions -abrasive -abreaction -abreactions -abreast -abridge -abridged -abridges -abridging -abridgment -abroad -abrogate -abrogated -abrogates -abrogating -abrupt -abruptly -abruptness -abscess -abscessed -abscesses -abscissa -abscissas -abscond -absconded -absconding -absconds -absence -absences -absent -absented -absentee -absenteeism -absentees -absentia -absenting -absently -absentminded -absents -absinthe 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-accordingly -accordion -accordions -accords -accost -accosted -accosting -accosts -account -accountability -accountable -accountably -accountancy -accountant -accountants -accounted -accounting -accounts -Accra -accredit -accreditation -accreditations -accredited -accretion -accretions -accrue -accrued -accrues -accruing -acculturate -acculturated -acculturates -acculturating -acculturation -accumulate -accumulated -accumulates -accumulating -accumulation -accumulations -accumulator -accumulators -accuracies -accuracy -accurate -accurately -accurateness -accursed -accusal -accusation -accusations -accusative -accuse -accused -accuser -accuses -accusing -accusingly -accustom -accustomed -accustoming -accustoms -ace -aces -acetate -acetone -acetylene -Achaean -Achaeans -ache -ached -aches -achievable -achieve -achieved -achievement -achievements -achiever -achievers -achieves -achieving -Achilles -aching -acid -acidic -acidities -acidity -acidly -acids -acidulous -Ackerman -Ackley 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-Machiavellian -machination -machine -machined -machinelike -machinery -machines -machining -macho -MacIntosh -Macintosh -macintosh -MacKenzie -Mackenzie -mackerel -Mackey -Mackinac -Mackinaw -MacMahon -MacMillan -Macmillan -Macon -MacPaint -macro -macroeconomics -macromolecule -macromolecules -macrophage -macros -macroscopic -mad -Madagascar -madam -Madame -Madames -madden -maddening -madder -maddest -Maddox -made -Madeira -Madeleine -Madeline -madhouse -Madhya -Madison -madly -madman -madmen -madness -Madonna -Madonnas -madras -Madrid -Madsen -Mae -Maelstrom -maestro -Mafia -Mafiosi -magazine -magazines -Magdalene -Magellan -Magellanic -magenta -Maggie -maggot -maggots -magic -magical -magically -magician -magicians -Magill -magistrate -magistrates -magna -magnesium -magnet -magnetic -magnetically -magnetism -magnetisms -magnetizable -magnetized -magneto -magnification -magnificence -magnificent -magnificently -magnified -magnifier -magnifies -magnify -magnifying -magnitude 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-malice -malicious -maliciously -maliciousness -malign -malignant -malignantly -mall -mallard -mallet -mallets -Mallory -malnutrition -Malone -Maloney -malpractice -Malraux -malt -Malta -malted -Maltese -Malthus -Malthusian -Malton -malts -mama -mamma -mammal -mammalian -mammals -mammas -mammoth -man -manage -manageable -manageableness -managed -management -managements -manager -managerial -managers -manages -managing -Managua -Manama -Manchester -Manchuria -mandarin -mandate -mandated -mandates -mandating -mandatory -Mandelbrot -mandible -mane -manes -maneuver -maneuvered -maneuvering -maneuvers -Manfred -manger -mangers -mangle -mangled -mangler -mangles -mangling -Manhattan -Manhattanize -Manhattanizes -manhole -manhood -mania -maniac -maniacal -maniacs -manic -manicure -manicured -manicures -manicuring -manifest -manifestation -manifestations -manifested -manifesting -manifestly -manifests -manifold -manifolds -Manila -manipulability -manipulable -manipulatable -manipulate -manipulated -manipulates -manipulating -manipulation -manipulations -manipulative -manipulator -manipulators -manipulatory -Manitoba -Manitowoc -mankind -Mankowski -Manley -manly -Mann -manned -manner -mannered -mannerly -manners -manning -manometer -manometers -manor -manors -manpower -Mans -Mansfield -mansion -mansions -manslaughter -mantel -mantels -mantis -mantissa -mantissas -mantle -mantlepiece -mantles -manual -manually -manuals -Manuel -manufacture -manufactured -manufacturer -manufacturers -manufactures -manufacturing -manure -manuscript -manuscripts -Manville -many -Mao -Maori -map -maple -Maplecrest -maples -mappable -mapped -mapping -mappings -maps -marathon -marble -marbles -marbling -Marc -Marceau -Marcel -Marcello -march -marched -marcher -marches -marching -Marcia -Marco -Marcotte -Marcus -Marcy -Mardi -Mardis -mare -mares -Margaret -margarine -Margery -margin -marginal -marginally -margins -Margo -Marguerite -Marianne -Marie -Marietta -marigold -marijuana -Marilyn -Marin -marina -marinade -marinate -marine -mariner -marines -Marino -Mario -Marion -marionette -marital -maritime -Marjorie -Marjory -mark -markable -marked -markedly -marker -markers -market -marketability -marketable -marketed -marketing -marketings -marketplace -marketplaces -markets -Markham -marking -markings -Markism -Markov -Markovian -Markovitz -Marks -Marlboro -Marlborough -Marlene -Marlowe -marmalade -marmot -maroon -Marquette -marquis -marriage -marriageable -marriages -married -marries -Marriott -marrow -marry -marrying -Mars -Marseilles -marsh -Marsha -marshal -marshaled -marshaling -Marshall -Marshalled -Marshalling -marshals -marshes -marshmallow -mart -marten -Martha -martial -Martian -Martians -Martinez -martingale -martini -Martinique -Martinson -marts -Marty -martyr -martyrdom -martyrs -marvel -marveled -marvelled -marvelling -marvelous -marvelously -marvelousness -marvels -Marvin -Marx -Marxian -Marxism -Marxisms -Marxist -Mary -Maryland -Marylanders -mascara -masculine -masculinely -masculinity -Maseru -mash -mashed -mashes -mashing -mask -maskable -masked -masker -masking -maskings -masks -masochist -masochists -mason -Masonic -Masonite -masonry -masons -masquerade -masquerader -masquerades -masquerading -mass -Massachusetts -massacre -massacred -massacres -massage -massages -massaging -massed -masses -Massey -massing -massive -mast -masted -master -mastered -masterful -masterfully -mastering -masterings -masterly -mastermind -masterpiece -masterpieces -masters -mastery -mastodon -masts -masturbate -masturbated -masturbates -masturbating -masturbation -mat -match -matchable -matched -matcher -matchers -matches -matching -matchings -matchless -mate -mated -Mateo -mater -material -materialist -materialize -materialized -materializes -materializing -materially -materials -maternal -maternally -maternity -mates -math -Mathematica -mathematical -mathematically -mathematician -mathematicians -mathematics -Mathematik -Mathewson -Mathias -Mathieu -Matilda -mating -matings -Matisse -Matisses -matriarch -matriarchal -matrices -matriculate -matriculation -matrimonial -matrimony -matrix -matroid -matron -matronly -mats -Matson -Matsumoto -Matt -matted -matter -mattered -matters -Matthew -Matthews -Mattie -mattress -mattresses -Mattson -maturation -mature -matured -maturely -matures -maturing -maturities -maturity -Maude -maul -Maureen -Maurice -Mauricio -Maurine -Mauritania -Mauritius -mausoleum -maverick -Mavis -Mawr -Max -maxim -maxima -maximal -maximally -Maximilian -maximize -maximized -maximizer -maximizers -maximizes -maximizing -maxims -maximum -maximums -Maxine -Maxtor -Maxwell -Maxwellian -May -Maya -Mayans -maybe -Mayer -Mayfair -Mayflower -mayhap -mayhem -Maynard -Mayo -mayonnaise -mayor -mayoral -mayors -Mazda -maze -mazes -Mbabane -McAdam -McAdams -McAllister -McBride -McCabe -McCall -McCallum -McCann -McCarthy -McCarty -McCauley -McClain -McClellan -McClure -McCluskey -McConnel -McConnell -McCormick -McCoy -McCracken -McCullough -McDaniel -McDermott -McDonald -McDonnell -McDougall -McDowell -McElhaney -McElroy -McFadden -McFarland -McGee -McGill -McGinnis -McGovern -McGowan -McGrath -McGraw -McGregor -McGuire -McHugh -McIntosh -McIntyre -McKay -McKee -McKenna -McKenzie -McKeon -McKesson -McKinley -McKinney -McKnight -McLanahan -McLaughlin -McLean -McLeod -McMahon -McMartin -McMillan -McMullen -McNally -McNaughton -McNeil -McNulty -McPherson -me -mead -meadow -meadows -meager -meagerly -meagerness -meal -meals -mealtime -mealy -mean -meander -meandered -meandering -meanders -meaner -meanest -meaning -meaningful -meaningfully -meaningfulness -meaningless -meaninglessly -meaninglessness -meanings -meanly -meanness -means -meant -meantime -meanwhile -measle -measles -measurable -measurably -measure -measured -measurement -measurements -measurer -measures -measuring -meat -meats -meaty -Mecca -mechanic -mechanical -mechanically -mechanics -mechanism -mechanisms -mechanization -mechanizations -mechanize -mechanized -mechanizes -mechanizing -medal -medallion -medallions -medals -meddle -meddled -meddler -meddles -meddling -Medea -Medfield -Medford -media -median -medians -mediate -mediated -mediates -mediating -mediation -mediations -mediator -medic -Medicaid -medical -medically -Medicare -Medici -medicinal -medicinally -medicine -medicines -Medicis -medics -medieval -mediocre -mediocrity -meditate -meditated -meditates -meditating -meditation -meditations -meditative -Mediterranean -Mediterraneanization -Mediterraneanizations -Mediterraneanize -Mediterraneanizes -medium -mediums -medley -Medusa -Medusan -meek -meeker -meekest -meekly -meekness -meet -meeting -meetinghouse -meetings -meets -Meg -megabaud -megabit -megabits -megabyte -megabytes -megahertz -megalomania -megaton -megavolt -megawatt -megaword -megawords -megohm -Meier -Meiji -Meister -Meistersinger -Mekong -Mel -Melampus -melancholy -Melanesia -Melanesian -Melanie -Melbourne -Melcher -Melinda -Melisande -Melissa -Mellon -mellow -mellowed -mellowing -mellowness -mellows -melodies -melodious -melodiously -melodiousness -melodrama -melodramas -melodramatic -melody -melon -melons -Melpomene -melt -melted -melting -meltingly -melts -Melville -Melvin -member -members -membership -memberships -membrane -memento -memo -memoir -memoirs -memorabilia -memorable -memorableness -memoranda -memorandum -memorial -memorially -memorials -memories -memorization -memorize -memorized -memorizer -memorizes -memorizing -memory -memoryless -memos -Memphis -men -menace -menaced -menacing -menagerie -menarche -Mencken -mend -mendacious -mendacity -mended -Mendel -Mendelian -Mendelize -Mendelizes -Mendelssohn -mender -mending -Mendoza -mends -Menelaus -menial -menials -Menlo -Mennonite -Mennonites -Menominee -Menorca -mens -Mensch -menstruate -mensurable -mensuration -mental -mentalities -mentality -mentally -mention -mentionable -mentioned -mentioner -mentioners -mentioning -mentions -mentor -mentors -menu -menus -Menzies -Mephistopheles -mercantile -Mercator -Mercedes -mercenaries -mercenariness -mercenary -merchandise -merchandiser -merchandising -merchant -merchants -merciful -mercifully -merciless -mercilessly -Merck -mercurial -mercury -mercy -mere -Meredith -merely -merest -merge -merged -merger -mergers -merges -merging -meridian -meringue -merit -merited -meriting -meritorious -meritoriously -meritoriousness -merits -Meriwether -Merle -mermaid -Merriam -Merrick -merriest -Merrill -merrily -Merrimac -Merrimack -merriment -Merritt -merry -Merrymake -Mervin -mescaline -mesh -meson -Mesopotamia -mesosphere -Mesozoic -mesquite -mess -message -messages -messed -messenger -messengers -messes -Messiah -messiahs -messier -messiest -messily -messiness -messing -messy -met -meta -metabolic -metabolism -metacircular -metacircularity -metal -metalanguage -metallic -metallization -metallizations -metallurgy -metals -metamathematical -metamorphosis -metaphor -metaphorical -metaphorically -metaphors -metaphysical -metaphysically -metaphysics -metavariable -Metcalf -mete -meted -meteor -meteoric -meteorite -meteoritic -meteorology -meteors -meter -metering -meters -metes -methane -method -methodical -methodically -methodicalness -Methodism -Methodist -methodists -methodological -methodologically -methodologies -methodologists -methodology -methods -Methuen -Methuselah -Methuselahs -meticulously -meting -Metrecal -metric -metrical -metrics -metro -metronome -metropolis -metropolitan -mets -mettle -mettlesome -Metzler -mew -mewed -mews -Mexican -Mexicanize -Mexicanizes -Mexicans -Mexico -Meyer -Meyers -Miami -miasma -mica -mice -Michael -Michaels -Michel -Michelangelo -Michele -Michelin -Michelson -Michigan -Mick -Mickey -Mickie -Micky -micro -microarchitects -microarchitecture -microarchitectures -microbial -microbicidal -microbicide -microcode -microcoded -microcodes -microcoding -microcomputer -microcomputers -microcosm -microcycle -microcycles -microeconomics -microelectronics -microfilm -microfilms -microgramming -microinstruction -microinstructions -microjump -microjumps -microlevel -micron -Micronesia -Micronesian -microoperations -microphone -microphones -microphoning -Microport -microprocedure -microprocedures -microprocessing -microprocessor -microprocessors -microprogram -microprogrammable -microprogrammed -microprogrammer -microprogramming -microprograms -micros -microscope -microscopes -microscopic -microscopy -microsecond -microseconds -Microsoft -microstore -microsystems -MicroVAX -MicroVAXes -microwave -microwaves -microword -microwords -mid -Midas -midday -middle -Middlebury -middleman -middlemen -middles -Middlesex -Middleton -Middletown -middling -midget -Midlandize -Midlandizes -midnight -midnights -midpoint -midpoints -midrange -midscale -midsection -midshipman -midshipmen -midst -midstream -midsts -midsummer -midway -midweek -Midwest -Midwestern -Midwesterner -Midwesterners -midwife -midwinter -midwives -mien -might -mightier -mightiest -mightily -mightiness -mighty -migrant -migrate -migrated -migrates -migrating -migration -migrations -migratory -Miguel -mike -Mikhail -Mikoyan -Milan -mild -milder -mildest -mildew -mildly -mildness -Mildred -mile -mileage -Miles -milestone -milestones -militant -militantly -militarily -militarism -military -militia -milk -milked -milker -milkers -milkiness -milking -milkmaid -milkmaids -milks -milky -mill -Millard -milled -millennium -miller -millet -milliammeter -milliampere -Millie -millijoule -Millikan -millimeter -millimeters -millinery -milling -Millington -million -millionaire -millionaires -millions -millionth -millipede -millipedes -millisecond -milliseconds -millivolt -millivoltmeter -milliwatt -Mills -millstone -millstones -Milne -Milquetoast -Milquetoasts -Milton -Miltonian -Miltonic -Miltonism -Miltonist -Miltonize -Miltonized -Miltonizes -Miltonizing -Milwaukee -mimeograph -Mimi -mimic -mimicked -mimicking -mimics -minaret -mince -minced -mincemeat -minces -mincing -mind -Mindanao -minded -mindful -mindfully -mindfulness -minding -mindless -mindlessly -minds -mine -mined -minefield -miner -mineral -minerals -miners -Minerva -mines -minesweeper -mingle -mingled -mingles -mingling -mini -miniature -miniatures -miniaturization -miniaturize -miniaturized -miniaturizes -miniaturizing -minicomputer -minicomputers -minima -minimal -minimally -minimax -minimization -minimizations -minimize -minimized -minimizer -minimizers -minimizes -minimizing -minimum -mining -minion -minis -minister -ministered -ministering -ministers -ministries -ministry -mink -minks -Minneapolis -Minnesota -Minnie -minnow -minnows -Minoan -minor -minoring -minorities -minority -minors -Minos -Minotaur -Minsk -Minsky -minstrel -minstrels -mint -minted -minter -minting -mints -minuend -minuet -minus -minuscule -minute -minutely -minuteman -minutemen -minuteness -minuter -minutes -Miocene -MIPS -Mira -miracle -miracles -miraculous -miraculously -mirage -Miranda -mire -mired -mires -Mirfak -Miriam -mirror -mirrored -mirroring -mirrors -mirth -misanthrope -misbehaving -miscalculation -miscalculations -miscarriage -miscarry -miscegenation -miscellaneous -miscellaneously -miscellaneousness -mischief -mischievous -mischievously -mischievousness -misconception -misconceptions -misconduct -misconstrue -misconstrued -misconstrues -misdemeanors -miser -miserable -miserableness -miserably -miseries -miserly -misers -misery -misfit -misfits -misfortune -misfortunes -misgiving -misgivings -misguided -mishap -mishaps -misinformed -misjudged -misjudgment -mislead -misleading -misleads -misled -mismanagement -mismatch -mismatched -mismatches -mismatching -misnomer -misplace -misplaced -misplaces -misplacing -mispronunciation -misrepresentation -misrepresentations -miss -missed -misses -misshapen -missile -missiles -missing -mission -missionaries -missionary -missioner -missions -Mississippi -Mississippian -Mississippians -missive -Missoula -Missouri -misspell -misspelled -misspelling -misspellings -misspells -Missy -mist -mistakable -mistake -mistaken -mistakenly -mistakes -mistaking -misted -mister -misters -mistiness -misting -mistletoe -mistress -mistrust -mistrusted -mists -misty -mistype -mistyped -mistypes -mistyping -misunderstand -misunderstander -misunderstanders -misunderstanding -misunderstandings -misunderstood -misuse -misused -misuses -misusing -Mitch -Mitchell -miter -mitigate -mitigated -mitigates -mitigating -mitigation -mitigative -MITRE -MITREs -mitten -mittens -mix -mixed -mixer -mixers -mixes -mixing -mixture -mixtures -mixup -Mizar -mnemonic -mnemonically -mnemonics -moan -moaned -moans -moat -moats -mob -Mobil -mobile -mobility -mobs -mobster -moccasin -moccasins -mock -mocked -mocker -mockery -mocking -mockingbird -mocks -mockup -modal -modalities -modality -modally -mode -model -modeled -modeling -modelings -models -modem -modems -moderate -moderated -moderately -moderateness -moderates -moderating -moderation -modern -modernity -modernize -modernized -modernizer -modernizing -modernly -modernness -moderns -modes -modest -modestly -Modesto -modesty -modicum -modifiability -modifiable -modification -modifications -modified -modifier -modifiers -modifies -modify -modifying -Modula -Modula-2 -Modula-3 -modular -modularity -modularization -modularize -modularized -modularizes -modularizing -modularly -modulate -modulated -modulates -modulating -modulation -modulations -modulator -modulators -module -modules -moduli -modulo -modulus -modus -Moe -Moen -Mogadiscio -Mogadishu -Moghul -Mohammed -Mohammedan -Mohammedanism -Mohammedanization -Mohammedanizations -Mohammedanize -Mohammedanizes -Mohawk -Mohr -Moines -Moiseyev -moist -moisten -moistly -moistness -moisture -molar -molasses -mold -Moldavia -molded -molder -molding -molds -mole -molecular -molecule -molecules -molehill -moles -molest -molested -molesting -molests -Moliere -Moline -Moll -Mollie -mollify -mollusk -Molly -mollycoddle -Moloch -Molochize -Molochizes -Molotov -molten -Moluccas -moment -momentarily -momentariness -momentary -momentous -momentously -momentousness -moments -momentum -mommy -Mona -Monaco -monadic -monarch -monarchies -monarchs -monarchy -Monash -monasteries -monastery -monastic -Monday -Mondays -Monet -monetarism -monetary -money -moneyed -moneys -Monfort -Mongolia -Mongolian -Mongolianism -mongoose -Monica -monitor -monitored -monitoring -monitors -monk -monkey -monkeyed -monkeying -monkeys -monkish -monks -Monmouth -monoalphabetic -Monoceros -monochromatic -monochrome -monocotyledon -monocular -monogamous -monogamy -monogram -monograms -monograph -monographes -monographs -monolith -monolithic -monologue -Monongahela -monopolies -monopolize -monopolized -monopolizing -monopoly -monoprogrammed -monoprogramming -monostable -monotheism -monotone -monotonic -monotonically -monotonicity -monotonous -monotonously -monotonousness -monotony -Monroe -Monrovia -Monsanto -monsoon -monster -monsters -monstrosity -monstrous -monstrously -Mont -Montague -Montaigne -Montana -Montanan -Montclair -Montenegrin -Montenegro -Monterey -Monteverdi -Montevideo -Montgomery -month -monthly -months -Monticello -Montmartre -Montpelier -Montrachet -Montreal -Monty -monument -monumental -monumentally -monuments -moo -mood -moodiness -moods -moody -Moon -mooned -Mooney -mooning -moonlight -moonlighter -moonlighting -Moonlike -moonlit -moons -moonshine -Moor -Moore -moored -mooring -moorings -Moorish -Moors -moose -moot -mop -moped -mops -moraine -moral -morale -moralities -morality -morally -morals -Moran -morass -moratorium -Moravia -Moravian -Moravianized -Moravianizeds -morbid -morbidly -morbidness -more -Morehouse -Moreland -moreover -mores -Moresby -Morgan -Moriarty -moribund -Morley -Mormon -morn -morning -mornings -Moroccan -Morocco -moron -morose -morphine -morphism -morphisms -morphological -morphology -Morrill -Morris -Morrison -Morrissey -Morristown -morrow -Morse -morsel -morsels -mortal -mortality -mortally -mortals -mortar -mortared -mortaring -mortars -mortem -mortgage -mortgages -mortician -mortification -mortified -mortifies -mortify -mortifying -Mortimer -Morton -mosaic -mosaics -Moscone -Moscow -Moser -Moses -Moslem -Moslemize -Moslemizes -Moslems -mosque -mosquito -mosquitoes -moss -Mossberg -mosses -mossy -most -mostly -motel -motels -moth -mothball -mothballs -mother -mothered -motherer -motherers -motherhood -mothering -motherland -motherly -mothers -motif -motifs -motion -motioned -motioning -motionless -motionlessly -motionlessness -motions -motivate -motivated -motivates -motivating -motivation -motivations -motive -motives -motley -motor -motorcar -motorcars -motorcycle -motorcycles -motoring -motorist -motorists -motorize -motorized -motorizes -motorizing -Motorola -motors -motto -mottoes -mould -moulding -Moulton -mound -mounded -mounds -mount -mountable -mountain -mountaineer -mountaineering -mountaineers -mountainous -mountainously -mountains -mounted -mounter -mounting -mountings -mounts -mourn -mourned -mourner -mourners -mournful -mournfully -mournfulness -mourning -mourns -mouse -mouser -mouses -mousetrap -mousy -mouth -Mouthe -mouthed -mouthes -mouthful -mouthing -mouthpiece -mouths -Mouton -movable -move -moved -movement -movements -mover -movers -moves -movie -movies -moving -movings -mow -mowed -mower -mows -Moyer -Mozart -mu -much -muck -mucker -mucking -mucilage -mucus -mud -Mudd -muddied -muddiness -muddle -muddled -muddlehead -muddler -muddlers -muddles -muddling -muddy -Mueller -Muenster -muff -muffin -muffins -muffle -muffled -muffler -muffles -muffling -muffs -mug -mugging -mugs -Muhammad -Muir -Mukden -mulatto -mulberries -mulberry -mule -mules -mull -mullah -Mullen -multi -multibit -Multibus -multibyte -multicast -multicasting -multicasts -multicellular -multicomputer -MULTICS -Multics -multidimensional -multilateral -multilayer -multilayered -multilevel -multimedia -multinational -multiple -multiples -multiplex -multiplexed 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-parry -pars -parse -parsed -parser -parsers -parses -Parsi -Parsifal -parsimony -parsing -parsings -parsley -parson -Parsons -part -partake -partaker -partakes -partaking -parted -parter -parters -Parthenon -Parthia -partial -partiality -partially -participant -participants -participate -participated -participates -participating -participation -participle -particle -particles -particular -particularly -particulars -particulate -parties -parting -partings -partisan -partisans -partition -partitioned -partitioning -partitions -partly -partner -partnered -partners -partnership -partook -partridge -partridges -parts -party -Pasadena -PASCAL -Pascal -Paso -pass -passage -passages -passageway -Passaic -passe -passed -passenger -passengers -passer -passers -passes -passing -passion -passionate -passionately -passions -passivate -passive -passively -passiveness -passivity -Passover -passport -passports -password -passwords -past -paste -pasted -pastel -Pasternak -pastes -Pasteur -pastime -pastimes -pasting -pastness -pastor -pastoral -pastors -pastry -pasts -pasture -pastures -pat -Patagonia -Patagonians -patch -patched -patches -patching -patchwork -patchy -pate -paten -patent -patentable -patented -patenter -patenters -patenting -patently -patents -paternal -paternally -paternoster -Paterson -path -pathetic -pathname -pathnames -pathogen -pathogenesis -pathological -pathology -pathos -paths -pathway -pathways -patience -patient -patiently -patients -patina -patio -patriarch -patriarchal -patriarchs -patriarchy -Patrice -Patricia -patrician -patricians -Patrick -patrimonial -patrimony -patriot -patriotic -patriotism -patriots -patrol -patrolled -patrolling -patrolman -patrolmen -patrols -patron -patronage -patronize -patronized -patronizes -patronizing -patrons -pats -Patsies -Patsy -patter -pattered -pattering -patterings -pattern -patterned -patterning -patterns -patters -Patterson -Patti -patties -Patton -patty -paucity -Paul -Paula -Paulette -Pauli -Pauline -Pauling -Paulinize -Paulinizes -Paulo -Paulsen -Paulson -Paulus -paunch -paunchy -pauper -pause -paused -pauses -pausing -pave -paved -pavement -pavements -paves -pavilion -pavilions -paving -Pavlov -Pavlovian -paw -pawing -pawn -pawns -pawnshop -paws -Pawtucket -pay -payable -paycheck -paychecks -payed -payer -payers -paying -payment -payments -Payne -Paynes -Paynize -Paynizes -payoff -payoffs -payroll -pays -Payson -Paz -pea -Peabody -peace -peaceable -peaceful -peacefully -peacefulness -peacetime -peach -peaches -Peachtree -peacock -peacocks -peak -peaked -peaks -peal -Peale -pealed -pealing -peals -peanut -peanuts -pear -Pearce -pearl -pearls -pearly -pears -Pearson -peas -peasant -peasantry -peasants -Pease -peat -pebble -pebbles -peccary -peck -pecked -pecking -pecks -Pecos -pectoral -peculiar -peculiarities -peculiarity -peculiarly -pecuniary -pedagogic -pedagogical -pedagogically -pedagogy -pedal -pedant -pedantic -pedantry -peddle -peddler -peddlers -pedestal -pedestrian -pedestrians -pediatric -pediatrician -pediatrics -pedigree -Pedro -peek -peeked -peeking -peeks -peel -peeled -peeling -peels -peep -peeped -peeper -peephole -peeping -peeps -peer -peered -peering -peerless -peers -peg -Pegasus -pegboard -Peggy -pegs -Peiping -pejorative -Peking -Pelham -pelican -pellagra -Peloponnese -pelt -pelting -pelts -pelvic -pelvis -Pembroke -pen -penal -penalize -penalized -penalizes -penalizing -penalties -penalty -penance -pence -penchant -pencil -penciled -pencils -pend -pendant -pended -pending -Pendleton -pends -pendulum -pendulums -Penelope -penetrable -penetrate -penetrated -penetrates -penetrating -penetratingly -penetration -penetrations -penetrative -penetrator -penetrators -penguin -penguins -Penh -penicillin -peninsula -peninsulas -penis -penises -penitent -penitentiary -Penn -penned -pennies -penniless -penning -Pennsylvania -penny -Penrose -pens -Pensacola -pension -pensioner -pensions -pensive -pent -pentagon -pentagons -Pentateuch -Pentecost -pentecostal -penthouse -penultimate -penumbra -peony -people -peopled -peoples -Peoria -pep -pepper -peppered -peppering -peppermint -pepperoni -peppers -peppery -peppy -Pepsi -PepsiCo -Pepsico -peptide -per -perceivable -perceivably -perceive -perceived -perceiver -perceivers -perceives -perceiving -percent -percentage -percentages -percentile -percentiles -percents -perceptible -perceptibly -perception -perceptions -perceptive -perceptively -perceptual -perceptually -perch -perchance -perched -perches -perching -Percival -percussion -percutaneous -Percy -peremptory -perennial -perennially -Perez -perfect -perfected -perfectible -perfecting -perfection -perfectionist -perfectionists -perfectly -perfectness -perfects -perforce -perform -performance -performances -performed -performer -performers -performing -performs -perfume -perfumed -perfumes -perfuming -perfunctory -Pergamon -perhaps -Periclean -Pericles -perihelion -peril -Perilla -perilous -perilously -perils -perimeter -period -periodic -periodical -periodically -periodicals -periods -peripheral -peripherally -peripherals -peripheries -periphery -periscope -perish -perishable -perishables -perished -perisher -perishers -perishes -perishing -perjure -perjury -perk -Perkins -perky -Perle -permanence -permanent -permanently -permeable -permeate -permeated -permeates -permeating -permeation -Permian -permissibility -permissible -permissibly -permission -permissions -permissive -permissively -permit -permits -permitted -permitting -permutation -permutations -permute -permuted -permutes -permuting -pernicious -Pernod -peroxide -perpendicular -perpendicularly -perpendiculars -perpetrate -perpetrated -perpetrates -perpetrating -perpetration -perpetrations -perpetrator -perpetrators -perpetual -perpetually -perpetuate -perpetuated -perpetuates -perpetuating -perpetuation -perpetuity -perplex -perplexed -perplexing -perplexity -Perry -persecute -persecuted -persecutes -persecuting -persecution -persecutor -persecutors -Perseid -Persephone -Perseus -perseverance -persevere -persevered -perseveres -persevering -Pershing -Persia -Persian -Persianization -Persianizations -Persianize -Persianizes -Persians -persist -persisted -persistence -persistent -persistently -persisting -persists -person -personage -personages -personal -personalities -personality -personalization -personalize -personalized -personalizes -personalizing -personally -personification -personified -personifies -personify -personifying -personnel -persons -perspective -perspectives -perspicuous -perspicuously -perspiration -perspire -persuadable -persuade -persuaded -persuader -persuaders -persuades -persuading -persuasion -persuasions -persuasive -persuasively -persuasiveness -pertain -pertained -pertaining -pertains -Perth -pertinent -perturb -perturbation -perturbations -perturbed -Peru -perusal -peruse -perused -peruser -perusers -peruses -perusing -Peruvian -Peruvianize -Peruvianizes -Peruvians -pervade -pervaded -pervades -pervading -pervasive -pervasively -perversion -pervert -perverted -perverts -pessimism -pessimist -pessimistic -pest -pester -pesticide -pestilence -pestilent -pests -pet -petal -petals -Pete -Peter -Peters -Petersburg -Petersen -Peterson -petition -petitioned -petitioner -petitioning -petitions -Petkiewicz -petri -petroleum -pets -petted -petter -petters -Pettibone -petticoat -petticoats -pettiness -petting -petty -petulance -petulant -Peugeot -pew -Pewaukee -pews -pewter -Pfizer -Phaedra -phantom -phantoms -pharmaceutic -pharmacist -pharmacology -pharmacopoeia -pharmacy -phase -phased -phaser -phasers -phases -phasing -pheasant -pheasants -Phelps -phenomena -phenomenal -phenomenally -phenomenological -phenomenologically -phenomenologies -phenomenology -phenomenon -phi -PHIGS -Phil -Philadelphia -philanthropy -Philco -philharmonic -Philip -Philippe -Philippians -Philippine -Philippines -Philistine -Philistines -Philistinize -Philistinizes -Phillies -Phillip -Phillips -Philly -philosopher -philosophers -philosophic -philosophical -philosophically -philosophies -philosophize -philosophized -philosophizer -philosophizers -philosophizes -philosophizing -philosophy -Phipps -Phobos -Phoenicia -phoenix -phone -phoned -phoneme -phonemes -phonemic -phones -phonetic -phonetics -phoning -phonograph -phonographs -phony -phosgene -phosphate -phosphates -phosphor -phosphorescent -phosphoric -phosphorus -photo -photocopied -photocopier -photocopiers -photocopies -photocopy -photocopying -photodiode -photodiodes -photogenic -photograph -photographed -photographer -photographers -photographic -photographing -photographs -photography -photon -photos -photosensitive -phototypesetter -phototypesetters -phrase -phrased -phraseology -phrases -phrasing -phrasings -phyla -Phyllis -phylum -physic -physical -physically -physicalness -physicals -physician -physicians -physicist -physicists -physics -physiological -physiologically -physiology -physiotherapist -physiotherapy -physique -phytoplankton -pi -pianist -piano -pianos -pica -picas -Picasso -picayune -Piccadilly -piccolo -pick -pickaxe -picked -picker -Pickering -pickers -picket -picketed -picketer -picketers -picketing -pickets -Pickett -Pickford -picking -pickings -pickle -pickled -pickles -pickling -Pickman -picks -pickup -pickups -picky -picnic -picnicked -picnicking -picnics -picofarad -picojoule -picosecond -Pict -pictorial -pictorially -picture -pictured -pictures -picturesque -picturesqueness -picturing -piddle -pidgin -pie -piece -pieced -piecemeal -pieces -piecewise -piecing -Piedfort -Piedmont -pier -pierce -pierced -pierces -piercing -Pierre -piers -Pierson -pies -piety -piezoelectric -pig -pigeon -pigeonhole -pigeons -piggish -piggy -piggyback -piggybacked -piggybacking -piggybacks -pigment -pigmentation -pigmented -pigments -pigpen -pigs -pigskin -pigtail -pike -piker -pikes -Pilate -pile -piled -pilers -piles -pilfer -pilferage -pilgrim -pilgrimage -pilgrimages -pilgrims -piling -pilings -pill -pillage -pillaged -pillar -pillared -pillars -pillory -pillow -pillows -pills -Pillsbury -pilot -piloting -pilots -pimp -pimple -pin -pinafore -pinball -pinch -pinched -pinches -pinching -pincushion -pine -pineapple -pineapples -pined -Pinehurst -pines -ping -pinhead -pinhole -pining -pinion -pink -pinker -pinkest -pinkie -pinkish -pinkly -pinkness -pinks -pinnacle -pinnacles -pinned -pinning -pinnings -pinochle -pinpoint -pinpointing -pinpoints -pins -pinscher -Pinsky -pint -pinto -pints -pinwheel -pion -pioneer -pioneered -pioneering -pioneers -Piotr -pious -piously -pip -pipe -piped -pipeline -pipelined -pipelines -pipelining -Piper -pipers -pipes -Pipestone -pipette -piping -pique -piracy -Piraeus -pirate -pirates -Pisa -Piscataway -Pisces -piss -pistachio -pistil -pistils -pistol -pistols -piston -pistons -pit -pitch -pitched -pitcher -pitchers -pitches -pitchfork -pitching -piteous -piteously -pitfall -pitfalls -pith -pithed -pithes -pithier -pithiest -pithiness -pithing -pithy -pitiable -pitied -pitier -pitiers -pities -pitiful -pitifully -pitiless -pitilessly -Pitney -pits -Pitt -pitted -Pittsburgh -Pittsburghers -Pittsfield -Pittston -pituitary -pity -pitying -pityingly -Pius -pivot -pivotal -pivoting -pivots -pixel -pixels -Pizarro -pizza -placard -placards -placate -place -placebo -placed -placeholder -placement -placements -placenta -placental -placer -places -placid -placidly -placing -plagiarism -plagiarist -plague -plagued -plagues -plaguing -plaid -plaids -plain -plainer -plainest -Plainfield -plainly -plainness -plains -plaintext -plaintexts -plaintiff -plaintiffs -plaintive -plaintively -plaintiveness -Plainview -plait -plaits -plan -planar -planarity -Planck -plane -planed -planeload -planer -planers -planes -planet -planetaria -planetarium -planetary -planetesimal -planetoid -planets -planing -plank -planking -planks -plankton -planned -planner -planners -planning -planoconcave -planoconvex -plans -plant -plantation -plantations -planted -planter -planters -planting -plantings -plants -plaque -plasma -plaster -plastered -plasterer -plastering -plasters -plastic -plasticity -plastics -plate -plateau -plateaus -plated -platelet -platelets -platen -platens -plates -platform -platforms -plating -platinum -platitude -Plato -platonic -Platonism -Platonist -platoon -Platte -platter -platters -Platteville -plausibility -plausible -play -playable -playback -playboy -played -player -players -playful -playfully -playfulness -playground -playgrounds -playhouse -playing -playmate -playmates -playoff -playroom -plays -plaything -playthings -playtime -playwright -playwrights -playwriting -plaza -plea -plead -pleaded -pleader -pleading -pleads -pleas -pleasant -pleasantly -pleasantness -please -pleased -pleases -pleasing -pleasingly -pleasure -pleasures -pleat -plebeian -plebian -plebiscite -plebiscites -pledge -pledged -pledges -Pleiades -Pleistocene -plenary -plenipotentiary -plenteous -plentiful -plentifully -plenty -plethora -pleurisy -Plexiglas -pliable -pliant -plied -pliers -plies -plight -Pliny -Pliocene -plod -plodding -plot -plots -plotted -plotter -plotters -plotting -plow -plowed -plower -plowing -plowman -plows -plowshare -ploy -ploys -pluck -plucked -plucking -plucks -plucky -plug -pluggable -plugged -plugging -plugs -plum -plumage -plumb -plumbed -plumbing -plumbs -plume -plumed -plumes -plummet -plummeting -plump -plumped -plumpness -plums -plunder -plundered -plunderer -plunderers -plundering -plunders -plunge -plunged -plunger -plungers -plunges -plunging -plunk -plural -plurality -plurals -plus -pluses -plush -Plutarch -Pluto -plutonium -ply -Plymouth -plywood -pneumatic -pneumonia -Po -poach -poacher -poaches -Pocahontas -pocket -pocketbook -pocketbooks -pocketed -pocketful -pocketing -pockets -Pocono -Poconos -pod -podia -podium -pods -Podunk -Poe -poem -poems -poet -poetic -poetical -poetically -poetics -poetries -poetry -poets -pogo -pogrom -poignancy -poignant -Poincare -Poindexter -point -pointed -pointedly -pointer -pointers -pointing -pointless -points -pointy -poise -poised -poises -poison -poisoned -poisoner -poisoning -poisonous -poisonousness -poisons -Poisson -poke -poked -poker -pokerface -pokes -poking -Poland -polar -Polaris -polarities -polarity -Polaroid -pole -polecat -poled -polemic -polemics -poles -police -policed -policeman -policemen -polices -policies -policing -policy -poling -polio -polish -polished -polisher -polishers -polishes -polishing -Politburo -polite -politely -politeness -politer -politest -politic -political -politically -politician -politicians -politicking -politics -Polk -polka -poll -Pollard -polled -pollen -polling -polloi -polls -pollutant -pollute -polluted -pollutes -polluting -pollution -Pollux -polo -polyalphabetic -polygon -polygons -Polyhymnia -polymer -polymers -polymorphic -Polynesia -Polynesian -polynomial -polynomials -Polyphemus -polytechnic -polytheist -Pomerania -Pomeranian -Pomona -pomp -pompadour -Pompeii -Pompey -pomposity -pompous -pompously -pompousness -Ponce -Ponchartrain -poncho -pond -ponder -pondered -pondering -ponderous -ponders -ponds -pong -ponies -Pontiac -pontiff -pontific -pontificate -pony -pooch -poodle -pool -Poole -pooled -pooling -pools -poor -poorer -poorest -poorly -poorness -pop -popcorn -Pope -Popek -Popeks -popish -poplar -poplin -popped -poppies -popping -poppy -pops -Popsicle -Popsicles -populace -popular -popularity -popularization -popularize -popularized -popularizes -popularizing -popularly -populate -populated -populates -populating -population -populations -populous -populousness -porcelain -porch -porches -porcine -porcupine -porcupines -pore -pored -pores -poring -pork -porker -pornographer -pornographic -pornography -porous -porpoise -porridge -port -portability -portable -portage -portal -portals -Porte -ported -portend -portended -portending -portends -portent -portentous -porter -porterhouse -porters -portfolio -portfolios -Portia -portico -porting -portion -portions -Portland -portly -portmanteau -Porto -portrait -portraits -portray -portrayal -portrayed -portraying -portrays -ports -Portsmouth -Portugal -Portuguese -pose -posed -Poseidon -poser -posers -poses -posh -posing -posit -posited -positing -position -positional -positioned -positioning -positions -positive -positively -positiveness -positives -positron -posits -Posner -posse -possess -possessed -possesses -possessing -possession -possessional -possessions -possessive -possessively -possessiveness -possessor -possessors -possibilities -possibility -possible -possibly -possum -possums -post -postage -postal -postcard -postcondition -postdoctoral -posted -poster -posterior -posteriori -posterity -posters -postfix -postgraduate -posting -postlude -postman -postmark -postmaster -postmasters -postmortem -postoperative -postorder -postpone -postponed -postponing -postprocess -postprocessor -posts -postscript -postscripts -postulate -postulated -postulates -postulating -postulation -postulations -posture -postures -pot -potable -potash -potassium -potato -potatoes -potbelly -Potemkin -potent -potentate -potentates -potential -potentialities -potentiality -potentially -potentials -potentiating -potentiometer -potentiometers -pothole -potion -potlatch -Potomac -potpourri -pots -Potsdam -Pottawatomie -potted -potter -potters -pottery -potting -Potts -pouch -pouches -Poughkeepsie -poultice -poultry -pounce -pounced -pounces -pouncing -pound -pounded -pounder -pounders -pounding -pounds -pour -poured -pourer -pourers -pouring -pours -Poussin -Poussins -pout -pouted -pouting -pouts -poverty -powder -powdered -powdering -powderpuff -powders -powdery -Powell -power -powered -powerful -powerfully -powerfulness -powering -powerless -powerlessly -powerlessness -Powers -pox -Poynting -practicable -practicably -practical -practicality -practically -practice -practiced -practices -practicing -practitioner -practitioners -Pradesh -Prado -pragmatic -pragmatically -pragmatics -pragmatism -pragmatist -Prague -prairie -praise -praised -praiser -praisers -praises -praiseworthy -praising -praisingly -prance -pranced -prancer -prancing -prank -pranks -prate -Pratt -Prattville -Pravda -pray -prayed -prayer -prayers -praying -preach -preached -preacher -preachers -preaches -preaching -preallocate -preallocated -preallocating -preamble -preambles -preassign -preassigned -preassigning -preassigns -Precambrian -precarious -precariously -precariousness -precaution -precautions -precede -preceded -precedence -precedences -precedent -precedented -precedents -precedes -preceding -precept -precepts -precess -precession -precinct -precincts -precious -preciously -preciousness -precipice -precipitable -precipitate -precipitated -precipitately -precipitateness -precipitates -precipitating -precipitation -precipitous -precipitously -precise -precisely -preciseness -precision -precisions -preclude -precluded -precludes -precluding -precocious -precociously -precocity -precompute -precomputed -precomputing -preconceive -preconceived -preconception -preconceptions -precondition -preconditioned -preconditions -precursor -precursors -predate -predated -predates -predating -predatory -predecessor -predecessors -predefine -predefined -predefines -predefining -predefinition -predefinitions -predetermination -predetermine -predetermined -predetermines -predetermining -predicament -predicate -predicated -predicates -predicating -predication -predications -predict -predictability -predictable -predictably -predicted -predicting -prediction -predictions -predictive -predictor -predicts -predilection -predilections -predisposition -predominant -predominantly -predominate -predominated -predominately -predominates -predominating -predomination -preeminence -preeminent -preempt -preempted -preempting -preemption -preemptive -preemptor -preempts -preen -preexisting -prefab -prefabricate -preface -prefaced -prefaces -prefacing -prefer -preferable -preferably -preference -preferences -preferential -preferentially -preferred -preferring -prefers -prefix -prefixed -prefixes -prefixing -pregnancy -pregnant -prehistoric -preinitialize -preinitialized -preinitializes -preinitializing -prejudge -prejudged -prejudice -prejudiced -prejudices -prejudicial -prelate -preliminaries -preliminary -prelude -preludes -premature -prematurely -prematurity -premeditated -premeditation -premier -premiers -premise -premises -premium -premiums -premonition -prenatal -Prentice -Prenticed -Prenticing -preoccupation -preoccupied -preoccupies -preoccupy -prep -preparation -preparations -preparative -preparatives -preparatory -prepare -prepared -prepares -preparing -prepend -prepended -prepending -preposition -prepositional -prepositions -preposterous -preposterously -preprocessed -preprocessing -preprocessor -preprocessors -preproduction -preprogrammed -prerequisite -prerequisites -prerogative -prerogatives -Presbyterian -Presbyterianism -Presbyterianize -Presbyterianizes -Prescott -prescribe -prescribed -prescribes -prescription -prescriptions -prescriptive -preselect -preselected -preselecting -preselects -presence -presences -present -presentation -presentations -presented -presenter -presenting -presently -presentness -presents -preservation -preservations -preserve -preserved -preserver -preservers -preserves -preserving -preset -preside -presided -presidency -president -presidential -presidents -presides -presiding -Presley -press -pressed -presser -presses -pressing -pressings -pressure -pressured -pressures -pressuring -pressurize -pressurized -prestidigitate -prestige -prestigious -Preston -presumably -presume -presumed -presumes -presuming -presumption -presumptions -presumptive -presumptuous -presumptuousness -presuppose -presupposed -presupposes -presupposing -presupposition -pretend -pretended -pretender -pretenders -pretending -pretends -pretense -pretenses -pretension -pretensions -pretentious -pretentiously -pretentiousness -pretext -pretexts -Pretoria -Pretorian -prettier -prettiest -prettily -prettiness -pretty -prevail -prevailed -prevailing -prevailingly -prevails -prevalence -prevalent -prevalently -prevent -preventable -preventably -prevented -preventing -prevention -preventive -preventives -prevents -preview -previewed -previewing -previews -previous -previously -prey -preyed -preying -preys -Priam -price -priced -priceless -pricer -pricers -prices -pricing -prick -pricked -pricking -prickly -pricks -pride -prided -prides -priding -priest -Priestley -priggish -prim -prima -primacy -primal -primaries -primarily -primary -primate -prime -primed -primeness -primer -primers -primes -primeval -priming -primitive -primitively -primitiveness -primitives -primrose -prince -princely -princes -princess -princesses -Princeton -principal -principalities -principality -principally -principals -Principia -principle -principled -principles -print -printable -printably -printed -printer -printers -printing -printout -prints -prior -priori -priorities -priority -priory -Priscilla -prism -prisms -prison -prisoner -prisoners -prisons -pristine -Pritchard -privacies -privacy -private -privately -privates -privation -privations -privies -privilege -privileged -privileges -privy -prize -prized -prizer -prizers -prizes -prizewinning -prizing -pro -probabilistic -probabilistically -probabilities -probability -probable -probably -probate -probated -probates -probating -probation -probative -probe -probed -probes -probing -probings -probity -problem -problematic -problematical -problematically -problems -procaine -procedural -procedurally -procedure -procedures -proceed -proceeded -proceeding -proceedings -proceeds -process -processed -processes -processing -procession -processor -processors -proclaim -proclaimed -proclaimer -proclaimers -proclaiming -proclaims -proclamation -proclamations -proclivities -proclivity -procotols -procrastinate -procrastinated -procrastinates -procrastinating -procrastination -procreate -Procrustean -Procrusteanize -Procrusteanizes -Procrustes -Procter -procure -procured -procurement -procurements -procurer -procurers -procures -procuring -Procyon -prod -prodigal -prodigally -prodigious -prodigy -produce -produced -producer -producers -produces -producible -producing -product -production -productions -productive -productively -productivity -products -profane -profanely -profess -professed -professes -professing -profession -professional -professionalism -professionally -professionals -professions -professor -professorial -professors -proffer -proffered -proffers -proficiency -proficient -proficiently -profile -profiled -profiles -profiling -profit -profitability -profitable -profitably -profited -profiteer -profiteers -profiting -profits -profitted -profligate -profound -profoundest -profoundly -profundity -profuse -profusion -progenitor -progeny -prognosis -prognosticate -program -programmability -programmable -programmed -programmer -programmers -programming -programs -progress -progressed -progresses -progressing -progression -progressions -progressive -progressively -prohibit -prohibited -prohibiting -prohibition -prohibitions -prohibitive -prohibitively -prohibitory -prohibits -project -projected -projectile -projecting -projection -projections -projective -projectively -projector -projectors -projects -Prokofieff -Prokofiev -prolate -prolegomena -proletariat -proliferate -proliferated -proliferates -proliferating -proliferation -prolific -prolix -prolog -prologue -prolong -prolongate -prolonged -prolonging -prolongs -promenade -promenades -Promethean -Prometheus -prominence -prominent -prominently -promiscuous -promise -promised -promises -promising -promontory -promote -promoted -promoter -promoters -promotes -promoting -promotion -promotional -promotions -prompt -prompted -prompter -promptest -prompting -promptings -promptly -promptness -prompts -promulgate -promulgated -promulgates -promulgating -promulgation -prone -proneness -prong -pronged -prongs -pronoun -pronounce -pronounceable -pronounced -pronouncement -pronouncements -pronounces -pronouncing -pronouns -pronunciation -pronunciations -proof -proofread -proofreader -proofs -prop -propaganda -propagandist -propagate -propagated -propagates -propagating -propagation -propagations -propane -propel -propellant -propelled -propeller -propellers -propelling -propels -propensity -proper -properly -properness -propertied -properties -property -prophecies -prophecy -prophesied -prophesier -prophesies -prophesy -prophet -prophetic -prophets -propitious -proponent -proponents -proportion -proportional -proportionally -proportionately -proportioned -proportioning -proportionment -proportions -propos -proposal -proposals -propose -proposed -proposer -proposes -proposing -proposition -propositional -propositionally -propositioned -propositioning -propositions -propound -propounded -propounding -propounds -proprietary -proprietor -proprietors -propriety -props -propulsion -propulsions -prorate -prorated -prorates -pros -proscenium -proscribe -proscription -prose -prosecute -prosecuted -prosecutes -prosecuting -prosecution -prosecutions -prosecutor -proselytize -proselytized -proselytizes -proselytizing -Proserpine -prosodic -prosodics -prospect -prospected -prospecting -prospection -prospections -prospective -prospectively -prospectives -prospector -prospectors -prospects -prospectus -prosper -prospered -prospering -prosperity -prosperous -prospers -prostate -prosthetic -prostitute -prostitution -prostrate -prostration -protagonist -protean -protect -protected -protecting -protection -protections -protective -protectively -protectiveness -protector -protectorate -protectors -protects -protege -proteges -protein -proteins -protest -protestant -Protestantism -Protestantize -Protestantizes -protestation -protestations -protested -protesting -protestingly -protestor -protests -Protista -protocol -protocols -proton -protons -Protophyta -protoplasm -prototype -prototyped -prototypes -prototypical -prototypically -prototyping -Protozoa -protozoan -protract -protrude -protruded -protrudes -protruding -protrusion -protrusions -protuberant -proud -prouder -proudest -proudly -Proust -provability -provable -provably -prove -proved -proven -provenance -Provence -prover -proverb -proverbial -proverbs -provers -proves -provide -provided -providence -provident -provider -providers -provides -providing -province -provinces -provincial -proving -provision -provisional -provisionally -provisioned -provisioning -provisions -proviso -provocation -provoke -provoked -provokes -provost -prow -prowess -prowl -prowled -prowler -prowlers -prowling -prows -proximal -proximate -proximity -Proxmire -proxy -prudence -prudent -prudential -prudently -prune -pruned -pruner -pruners -prunes -pruning -prurient -Prussia -Prussian -Prussianization -Prussianizations -Prussianize -Prussianizer -Prussianizers -Prussianizes -pry -prying -psalm -psalms -pseudo -pseudofiles -pseudoinstruction -pseudoinstructions -pseudonym -pseudoparallelism -psilocybin -psych -psyche -psychedelic -psyches -psychiatric -psychiatrist -psychiatrists -psychiatry -psychic -psycho -psychoanalysis -psychoanalyst -psychoanalytic -psychobiology -psychological -psychologically -psychologist -psychologists -psychology -psychopath -psychopathic -psychophysic -psychoses -psychosis -psychosocial -psychosomatic -psychotherapeutic -psychotherapist -psychotherapy -psychotic -Pteranodon -Pterodactyl -Ptolemaic -Ptolemaists -Ptolemy -pub -puberty -public -publication -publications -publicity -publicize -publicized -publicizes -publicizing -publicly -publish -published -publisher -publishers -publishes -publishing -pubs -Puccini -pucker -puckered -puckering -puckers -pudding -puddings -puddle -puddles -puddling -Puerto -puff -puffed -puffin -puffing -puffs -Pugh -puke -Pulaski -Pulitzer -pull -pulled -puller -pulley -pulleys -pulling -pullings -Pullman -Pullmanize -Pullmanizes -Pullmans -pullover -pulls -pulmonary -pulp -pulping -pulpit -pulpits -pulsar -pulsate -pulsation -pulsations -pulse -pulsed -pulses -pulsing -puma -pumice -pummel -pump -pumped -pumping -pumpkin -pumpkins -pumps -pun -punch -punched -puncher -punches -punching -punctual -punctually -punctuation -puncture -punctured -punctures -puncturing -pundit -pungent -Punic -punish -punishable -punished -punishes -punishing -punishment -punishments -punitive -Punjab -Punjabi -puns -punt -punted -punting -punts -puny -pup -pupa -pupil -pupils -puppet -puppeteer -puppets -puppies -puppy -pups -Purcell -purchase -purchased -purchaser -purchasers -purchases -purchasing -Purdue -pure -purely -purer -purest -purgatory -purge -purged -purges -purging -purification -purifications -purified -purifier -purifiers -purifies -purify -purifying -Purina -purist -Puritan -puritanic -Puritanize -Puritanizer -Puritanizers -Puritanizes -purity -purple -purpler -purplest -purport -purported -purportedly -purporter -purporters -purporting -purports -purpose -purposed -purposeful -purposefully -purposely -purposes -purposive -purr -purred -purring -purrs -purse -pursed -purser -purses -pursuant -pursue -pursued -pursuer -pursuers -pursues -pursuing -pursuit -pursuits -purveyor -purview -pus -Pusan -Pusey -push -pushbutton -pushdown -pushed -pusher -pushers -pushes -pushing -puss -pussy -pussycat -put -Putnam -puts -putt -putter -puttering -putters -putting -putty -puzzle -puzzled -puzzlement -puzzler -puzzlers -puzzles -puzzling -puzzlings -Pygmalion -pygmies -pygmy -Pyle -Pyongyang -Pyotr -pyramid -pyramids -pyre -Pyrex -Pyrrhic -Pythagoras -Pythagorean -Pythagoreanize -Pythagoreanizes -Pythagoreans -python -Qatar -qua -quack -quacked -quackery -quacks -quad -quadrangle -quadrangular -quadrant -quadrants -quadratic -quadratical -quadratically -quadratics -quadrature -quadratures -quadrennial -quadrilateral -quadrillion -quadruple -quadrupled -quadruples -quadrupling -quadrupole -quaff -quagmire -quagmires -quahog -quail -quails -quaint -quaintly -quaintness -quake -quaked -quaker -Quakeress -Quakerization -Quakerizations -Quakerize -Quakerizes -quakers -quakes -quaking -qualification -qualifications -qualified -qualifier -qualifiers -qualifies -qualify -qualifying -qualitative -qualitatively -qualities -quality -qualm -quandaries -quandary -quanta -Quantico -quantifiable -quantification -quantifications -quantified -quantifier -quantifiers -quantifies -quantify -quantifying -quantile -quantitative -quantitatively -quantities -quantity -quantization -quantize -quantized -quantizes -quantizing -quantum -quarantine -quarantines -quarantining -quark -quarrel -quarreled -quarreling -quarrels -quarrelsome -quarries -quarry -quart -quarter -quarterback -quartered -quartering -quarterly -quartermaster -quarters -quartet -quartets -quartile -quarts -quartz -quartzite -quasar -quash -quashed -quashes -quashing -quasi -Quasimodo -quaternary -quaver -quavered -quavering -quavers -quay -queasy -Quebec -queen -queenly -queens -Queensland -queer -queerer -queerest -queerly -queerness -quell -quelling -quench -quenched -quenches -quenching -queried -queries -query -querying -quest -quested -quester -questers -questing -question -questionable -questionably -questioned -questioner -questioners -questioning -questioningly -questionings -questionnaire -questionnaires -questions -quests -queue -queued -queueing -queuer -queuers -queues -queuing -Quezon -quibble -Quichua -quick -quicken -quickened -quickening -quickens -quicker -quickest -quickie -quicklime -quickly -quickness -quicksand -quicksilver -quiescent -quiet -quieted -quieter -quietest -quieting -quietly -quietness -quiets -quietude -quill -quilt -quilted -quilting -quilts -quince -quinine -Quinn -quint -quintet -quintillion -quip -Quirinal -quirk -quirky -quit -quite -Quito -quits -quitter -quitters -quitting -quiver -quivered -quivering -quivers -Quixote -quixotic -Quixotism -quiz -quizzed -quizzes -quizzical -quizzing -quo -quonset -quorum -quota -quotas -quotation -quotations -quote -quoted -quotes -quoth -quotient -quotients -quoting -Rabat -rabbi -rabbit -rabbits -rabble -rabid -rabies -Rabin -raccoon -raccoons -race -raced -racer -racers -races -racetrack -Rachel -Rachmaninoff -racial -racially -Racine -racing -rack -racked -racket -racketeer -racketeering -racketeers -rackets -racking -racks -radar -radars -Radcliffe -radial -radially -radian -radiance -radiant -radiantly -radiate -radiated -radiates -radiating -radiation -radiations -radiator -radiators -radical -radically -radicals -radices -radii -radio -radioactive -radioastronomy -radioed -radiography -radioing -radiology -radios -radish -radishes -radium -radius -radix -radon -Rae -Rafael -Rafferty -raft -rafter -rafters -rafts -rag -rage -raged -rages -ragged -raggedly -raggedness -raging -rags -Ragusan -ragweed -raid -raided -raider -raiders -raiding -raids -rail -railed -railer -railers -railing -railroad -railroaded -railroader -railroaders -railroading -railroads -rails -railway -railways -raiment -rain -rainbow -raincoat -raincoats -raindrop -raindrops -rained -rainfall -rainier -rainiest -raining -rains -rainstorm -rainy -raise -raised -raiser -raisers -raises -raisin -raising -rake -raked -rakes -raking -Raleigh -rallied -rallies -rally -rallying -Ralph -Ralston -ram -Ramada -Raman -ramble -rambler -rambles -rambling -ramblings -ramification -ramifications -Ramirez -Ramo -Ramona -ramp -rampage -rampant -rampart -ramps -ramrod -rams -Ramsey -ran -ranch -ranched -rancher -ranchers -ranches -ranching -rancid -Rand -Randall -Randolph -random -randomization -randomize -randomized -randomizes -randomly -randomness -randy -rang -range -ranged -rangeland -ranger -rangers -ranges -ranging -Rangoon -rangy -Ranier -rank -ranked -ranker -rankers -rankest -Rankin -Rankine -ranking -rankings -rankle -rankly -rankness -ranks -ransack -ransacked -ransacking -ransacks -ransom -ransomer -ransoming -ransoms -rant -ranted -ranter -ranters -ranting -rants -Raoul -rap -rapacious -rape -raped -raper -rapes -Raphael -rapid -rapidity -rapidly -rapids -rapier -raping -rapport -rapprochement -raps -rapt -raptly -rapture -raptures -rapturous -Rapunzel -rare -rarely -rareness -rarer -rarest -Raritan -rarity -rascal -rascally -rascals -rash -rasher -rashly -rashness -Rasmussen -rasp -raspberry -rasped -rasping -rasps -raster -Rastus -rat -rate -rated -rater -raters -rates -Ratfor -rather -ratification -ratified -ratifies -ratify -ratifying -rating -ratings -ratio -ration -rational -rationale -rationales -rationalities -rationality -rationalization -rationalizations -rationalize -rationalized -rationalizes -rationalizing -rationally -rationals -rationing -rations -ratios -rats -rattle -rattled -rattler -rattlers -rattles -rattlesnake -rattlesnakes -rattling -raucous -Raul -ravage -ravaged -ravager -ravagers -ravages -ravaging -rave -raved -raven -ravening 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-rebuff -rebuffed -rebuild -rebuilding -rebuilds -rebuilt -rebuke -rebuked -rebukes -rebuking -rebuttal -rebutted -rebutting -recalcitrant -recalculate -recalculated -recalculates -recalculating -recalculation -recalculations -recalibrate -recalibrated -recalibrates -recalibrating -recall -recalled -recalling -recalls -recant -recapitulate -recapitulated -recapitulates -recapitulation -recapture -recaptured -recaptures -recapturing -recast -recasting -recasts -recede -receded -recedes -receding -receipt -receipts -receivable -receive -received -receiver -receivers -receives -receiving -recent -recently -recentness -receptacle -receptacles -reception -receptionist -receptions -receptive -receptively -receptiveness -receptivity -receptor -recess -recessed -recesses -recession -recessive -Recife -recipe -recipes -recipient -recipients -reciprocal -reciprocally -reciprocate -reciprocated -reciprocates -reciprocating -reciprocation -reciprocity -recirculate -recirculated -recirculates -recirculating -recital -recitals -recitation -recitations -recite -recited -reciter -recites -reciting -reckless -recklessly -recklessness -reckon -reckoned -reckoner -reckoning -reckonings -reckons -reclaim -reclaimable -reclaimed -reclaimer -reclaimers -reclaiming -reclaims -reclamation -reclamations -reclassification -reclassified -reclassifies -reclassify -reclassifying -recline -reclining -recode -recoded -recodes -recoding -recognition -recognitions -recognizability -recognizable -recognizably -recognize -recognized -recognizer -recognizers -recognizes -recognizing -recoil -recoiled -recoiling -recoils -recollect -recollected -recollecting -recollection -recollections -recombination -recombine -recombined -recombines -recombining -recommend -recommendation -recommendations -recommended -recommender -recommending -recommends -recompense -recompile -recompiled -recompiles -recompiling -recompute -recomputed -recomputes -recomputing -reconcile -reconciled -reconciler -reconciles -reconciliation -reconciling -reconfigurable -reconfiguration -reconfigurations -reconfigure -reconfigured -reconfigurer -reconfigures -reconfiguring -reconnect -reconnected -reconnecting -reconnection -reconnects -reconsider -reconsideration -reconsidered -reconsidering -reconsiders -reconstituted -reconstruct -reconstructed -reconstructing -reconstruction -reconstructs -reconverted -reconverts -record -recorded -recorder -recorders -recording -recordings -records -recount -recounted -recounting -recounts -recourse -recover -recoverable -recovered -recoveries -recovering -recovers -recovery -recreate -recreated -recreates -recreating -recreation -recreational -recreations -recreative -recruit -recruited -recruiter -recruiting -recruits -recta -rectangle -rectangles -rectangular -rectify -rector -rectors -rectum -rectums -recuperate -recur -recurrence -recurrences -recurrent -recurrently -recurring -recurs -recurse -recursed -recurses -recursing -recursion -recursions -recursive -recursively -recyclable -recycle -recycled -recycles -recycling -red -redbreast -redcoat -redden -reddened -redder -reddest -reddish -reddishness -redeclare -redeclared -redeclares -redeclaring -redeem -redeemed -redeemer -redeemers -redeeming -redeems -redefine -redefined -redefines -redefining -redefinition -redefinitions -redemption -redesign -redesigned -redesigning -redesigns -redevelopment -Redford -redhead -Redhook -redirect -redirected -redirecting -redirection -redirections -redisplay -redisplayed -redisplaying -redisplays -redistribute -redistributed -redistributes -redistributing -redly -Redmond -redneck -redness -redo -redone -redouble -redoubled -redraw -redrawn -redress -redressed -redresses -redressing -reds -Redstone -reduce -reduced -reducer -reducers -reduces -reducibility -reducible -reducibly -reducing -reduction -reductions -redundancies -redundancy -redundant -redundantly -redwood -reed -reeds -reeducation -Reedville -reef -reefer -reefs -reel -reelect -reelected 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-will -Willa -Willamette -Willard -Willcox -willed -Willem -willful -willfully -William -Williams -Williamsburg -Williamson -Willie -Willied -Willies -willing -willingly -willingness -Willis -Willisson -Willoughby -willow -willows -Wills -Willy -Wilma -Wilmette -Wilmington -Wilshire -Wilson -Wilsonian -wilt -wilted -wilting -wilts -Wiltshire -wily -win -wince -winced -winces -Winchell -Winchester -wincing -wind -winded -winder -winders -winding -windmill -windmills -window -windows -winds -Windsor -windy -wine -wined -Winehead -winer -winers -wines -Winfield -wing -winged -winging -wings -Winifred -wining -wink -winked -winker -winking -winks -Winnebago -winner -winners -Winnetka -Winnie -winning -winningly -winnings -Winnipeg -Winnipesaukee -Winograd -Winooski -wins -Winsborough -Winsett -Winslow -Winston -winter -wintered -wintering -Winters -Winthrop -wintry -wipe -wiped -wiper -wipers -wipes -wiping -wire -wired -wireless -wires -wiretap -wiretappers -wiretapping -wiretaps -wiriness -wiring -wiry -Wisconsin -wisdom -wisdoms -wise -wised -wisely -Wisenheimer -wiser -wisest -wish -wished -wisher -wishers -wishes -wishful -wishing -wisp -wisps -wistful -wistfully -wistfulness -wit -witch -witchcraft -witches -witching -with -withal -withdraw -withdrawal -withdrawals -withdrawing -withdrawn -withdraws -withdrew -wither -withers -Witherspoon -withheld -withhold -withholder -withholders -withholding -withholdings -withholds -within -without -withstand -withstanding -withstands -withstood -witness -witnessed -witnesses -witnessing -wits -Witt -Wittgenstein -witty -wives -wizard -wizards -woe -woeful -woefully -woke -Wolcott -wolf -Wolfe -Wolff -Wolfgang -Wolverton -wolves -woman -womanhood -womanly -womb -wombs -women -won -wonder -wondered -wonderful -wonderfully -wonderfulness -wondering -wonderingly -wonderment -wonders -wondrous -wondrously -Wong -wont -wonted -woo -wood -Woodard -Woodberry -Woodbury -woodchuck -woodchucks -woodcock -woodcocks -wooded -wooden -woodenly -woodenness -woodland -Woodlawn -woodman -woodpecker -woodpeckers -Woodrow -Woods -Woodstock -Woodward -Woodwards -woodwork -woodworking -woody -wooed -wooer -woof -woofed -woofer -woofers -woofing -woofs -wooing -wool -woolen -woolly -wools -Woolworth -Woonsocket -woos -Wooster -Worcester -Worcestershire -word -worded -wordily -wordiness -wording -words -Wordsworth -wordy -wore -work -workable -workably -workbench -workbenches -workbook -workbooks -worked -worker -workers -workhorse -workhorses -working -workingman -workings -workload -workman -workmanship -workmen -works -workshop -workshops -workspace -workstation -workstations -world -worldliness -worldly -worlds -worldwide -worm -wormed -worming -worms -worn -worried -worrier -worriers -worries -worrisome -worry -worrying -worryingly -worse -worship -worshiped -worshiper -worshipful -worshiping -worships -worst -worsted -worth -worthiest -worthiness -Worthington -worthless -worthlessness -worths -worthwhile -worthwhileness -worthy -Wotan -would -wound -wounded -wounding -wounds -wove -woven -wrangle -wrangled -wrangler -wrap -wraparound -wrapped -wrapper -wrappers -wrapping -wrappings -wraps -wrath -wreak -wreaks -wreath -wreathed -wreathes -wreck -wreckage -wrecked -wrecker -wreckers -wrecking -wrecks -wren -wrench -wrenched -wrenches -wrenching -wrens -wrest -wrestle -wrestler -wrestles -wrestling -wrestlings -wretch -wretched -wretchedness -wretches -wriggle -wriggled -wriggler -wriggles -wriggling -Wrigley -wring -wringer -wrings -wrinkle -wrinkled -wrinkles -wrist -wrists -wristwatch -wristwatches -writ -writable -write -writer -writers -writes -writhe -writhed -writhes -writhing -writing -writings -writs -written -wrong -wronged -wronging -wrongly -wrongs -Wronskian -wrote -wrought -wrung -Wu -Wuhan -Wyandotte -Wyatt -Wyeth -Wylie -Wyman -Wyner -Wynn -Wyoming -Xanthus -Xavier -Xebec -Xenakis -Xenia -Xenix -Xerox -Xeroxed -Xeroxes -Xeroxing -Xerxes -Xhosa -Yagi -Yakima -Yale -Yalies -Yalta -Yamaha -yank -yanked -Yankee -Yankees -yanking -yanks -Yankton -Yaounde -Yaqui -yard -yards -yardstick -yardsticks -Yarmouth -yarn -yarns -Yates -Yaunde -yawn -yawner -yawning -yea -Yeager -year -yearly -yearn -yearned -yearning -yearnings -years -yeas -yeast -yeasts -Yeats -yell -yelled -yeller -yelling -yellow -yellowed -yellower -yellowest -yellowing -yellowish -Yellowknife -yellowness -yellows -Yellowstone -yelp -yelped -yelping -yelps -Yemen -Yentl -yeoman -yeomen -Yerkes -yes -yesterday -yesterdays -yet -Yiddish -yield -yielded -yielding -yields -Yoder -yoke -yokes -Yoknapatawpha -Yokohama -Yokuts -yon -yonder -Yonkers -Yorick -York -Yorker -Yorkers -Yorkshire -Yorktown -Yosemite -Yost -you -young -younger -youngest -youngly -youngster -youngsters -Youngstown -your -yours -yourself -yourselves -youth -youthes -youthful -youthfully -youthfulness -Ypsilanti -Yuba -Yucatan -Yugoslav -Yugoslavia -Yugoslavian -Yugoslavians -Yuh -Yuki -Yukon -Yuri -Yves -Yvette -Zachary -Zagreb -Zaire -Zambia -Zan -Zanzibar -zeal -Zealand -zealous -zealously -zealousness -zebra -zebras -Zeffirelli -Zeiss -Zellerbach -Zen -zenith -Zennist -zero -zeroed -zeroes -zeroing -zeros -zeroth -zest -Zeus -Ziegfeld -Ziegfelds -Ziegler -Ziggy -zigzag -zillions -Zimmerman -zinc -Zion -Zionism -Zionist -Zionists -Zions -zodiac -Zoe -Zomba -zonal -zonally -zone -zoned -zones -zoning -zoo -zoological -zoologically -zoom -zooms -zoos -Zorn -Zoroaster -Zoroastrian -Zulu -Zulus -Zurich diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/notes.txt b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/notes.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 982372773..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/lexicon/notes.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ -Project: to massage an ispell word list into a GF lexicon. AR 20/2/2004 - -Used MkLex on linux.words (45424 word forms) - -The first run gave 6471 words, which was too much for GF. -With the maxsize, got this down to 1587. -The grammar now compiles in 25sec, and parses as follows: - - "every commander assumes of an abbot" - 610 msec, 6 ws - - "every accusing commander assumes of a coarse abbot" - 840 msec, 8 ws - - "every accusing commander assumes of a coarse abbot of all - cognitive colonizers" - 820 msec, 12 ws - - "every accusing commander of a comical careful colt assumes of - a coarse abbot of all cognitive colonizers" - 3670 msec, 17 ws (nesting inside) - - "every accusing commander assumes of a coarse abbot of all cognitive - colonizers of a colt of a careful carpenter of every carriage" - TIMEOUT! - -Note: it is essential to import with the -cflexer flag! - -Time spent: 58 min, includes writing MkLex, running tests, -and writing these notes. - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/Lex.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/Lex.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d0b86f152..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/Lex.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,148 +0,0 @@ -abstract Lex = Shallow ** { -fun regn1 : N ; -fun revben1 : N ; -fun räkna1 : Verb ; -fun rädda1 : Verb ; -fun räcka1 : Verb ; -fun rätt1 : N ; -fun rop1 : N ; -fun port1 : N ; -fun para1 : Verb ; -fun pläga1 : Verb ; -fun prisa1 : Verb ; -fun pröva1 : Verb ; -fun präst1 : N ; -fun D1 : N ; -fun utplåna1 : Verb ; -fun upprätta1 : Verb ; -fun Gera1 : Verb ; -fun släkt1 : N ; -fun slakta1 : Verb ; -fun slut1 : N ; -fun sluta1 : Verb ; -fun svara1 : Verb ; -fun spräcklig1 : Adj ; -fun sten1 : N ; -fun stycke1 : N ; -fun strimmig1 : Adj ; -fun stanna1 : Verb ; -fun stadga1 : Verb ; -fun stoft1 : N ; -fun söka1 : Verb ; -fun synda1 : Verb ; -fun säck1 : N ; -fun så1 : Verb ; -fun sina1 : Verb ; -fun skynda1 : Verb ; -fun skämta1 : Verb ; -fun skänk1 : N ; -fun ske1 : Verb ; -fun skaffa1 : Verb ; -fun skara1 : N ; -fun samla1 : Verb ; -fun flytta1 : Verb ; -fun femtedel1 : N ; -fun får1 : N ; -fun fängsla1 : Verb ; -fun fäst1 : N ; -fun folk1 : N ; -fun frukt1 : N ; -fun frukta1 : Verb ; -fun fråga1 : Verb ; -fun föröka1 : Verb ; -fun förkunna1 : Verb ; -fun förbanna1 : Verb ; -fun förbund1 : N ; -fun fördärva1 : Verb ; -fun förvärva1 : Verb ; -fun dräpa1 : Verb ; -fun dag1 : N ; -fun döda1 : Verb ; -fun nådig1 : Adj ; -fun namn1 : N ; -fun vin1 : N ; -fun vinträd1 : N ; -fun vila1 : Verb ; -fun vädur1 : N ; -fun växa1 : Verb ; -fun välsigna1 : Verb ; -fun vakta1 : Verb ; -fun vandra1 : Verb ; -fun vattna1 : Verb ; -fun vagn1 : N ; -fun vara1 : Verb ; -fun tvista1 : Verb ; -fun tjänstekvinna1 : N ; -fun tjäna1 : Verb ; -fun tjänarinna1 : N ; -fun tjänare1 : N ; -fun tält1 : N ; -fun tänka1 : Verb ; -fun tak1 : N ; -fun tal1 : N ; -fun tala1 : Verb ; -fun träd1 : N ; -fun trösta1 : Verb ; -fun torn1 : N ; -fun åsna1 : N ; -fun åkalla1 : Verb ; -fun år1 : N ; -fun gåva1 : N ; -fun gods1 : N ; -fun buga1 : Verb ; -fun budbärare1 : N ; -fun bo1 : Verb ; -fun blod1 : N ; -fun brokig1 : Adj ; -fun bruka1 : Verb ; -fun brunn1 : N ; -fun bröd1 : N ; -fun bevisa1 : Verb ; -fun bevara1 : Verb ; -fun berg1 : N ; -fun berätta1 : Verb ; -fun befallning1 : N ; -fun behandla1 : Verb ; -fun baka1 : Verb ; -fun barn1 : N ; -fun balsamera1 : Verb ; -fun otillbörlig1 : Adj ; -fun offra1 : Verb ; -fun omstörta1 : Verb ; -fun hjord1 : N ; -fun hövding1 : N ; -fun höga1 : Verb ; -fun högtidlig1 : Adj ; -fun hebré1 : N ; -fun heta1 : Verb ; -fun heta2 : Verb ; -fun hämta1 : Verb ; -fun härstamma1 : Verb ; -fun hus1 : N ; -fun husfolk1 : N ; -fun hav1 : N ; -fun harpa1 : N ; -fun lyssna1 : Verb ; -fun ljus1 : N ; -fun lägra1 : Verb ; -fun lämna1 : Verb ; -fun låga1 : N ; -fun liv1 : N ; -fun ledsaga1 : Verb ; -fun lova1 : Verb ; -fun land1 : N ; -fun kunna1 : Verb ; -fun källa1 : N ; -fun kasta1 : Verb ; -fun kalla1 : Verb ; -fun konung1 : N ; -fun kvinna1 : N ; -fun killing1 : N ; -fun idka1 : Verb ; -fun inbyggare1 : N ; -fun möta1 : Verb ; -fun mäktig1 : Adj ; -fun märka1 : Verb ; -fun människa1 : N ; -fun misshaga1 : Verb ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/LexSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/LexSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c903398d4..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/LexSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,150 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:..:../../../prelude:../../abstract:../../swedish - -concrete LexSwe of Lex = ShallowSwe ** open ParadigmsSwe in { -lin regn1 = nRep "regn" ; -lin revben1 = nRep "revben" ; -lin räkna1 = vKoka "räkna" ; -lin rädda1 = vKoka "rädda" ; -lin räcka1 = vSteka "räcka" ; -lin rätt1 = nRisk "rätt" ; -lin rop1 = nRep "rop" ; -lin port1 = nBil "port" ; -lin para1 = vKoka "para" ; -lin pläga1 = vKoka "pläga" ; -lin prisa1 = vKoka "prisa" ; -lin pröva1 = vKoka "pröva" ; -lin präst1 = nRisk "präst" ; -lin D1 = nRep "D" ; -lin utplåna1 = vKoka "utplåna" ; -lin upprätta1 = vKoka "upprätta" ; -lin Gera1 = vKoka "Gera" ; -lin släkt1 = nRep "släkt" ; -lin slakta1 = vKoka "slakta" ; -lin slut1 = nRep "slut" ; -lin sluta1 = vKoka "sluta" ; -lin svara1 = vKoka "svara" ; -lin spräcklig1 = adjReg "spräcklig" ; -lin sten1 = nBil "sten" ; -lin stycke1 = nDike "stycke" ; -lin strimmig1 = adjReg "strimmig" ; -lin stanna1 = vKoka "stanna" ; -lin stadga1 = vKoka "stadga" ; -lin stoft1 = nRep "stoft" ; -lin söka1 = vSteka "söka" ; -lin synda1 = vKoka "synda" ; -lin säck1 = nBil "säck" ; -lin så1 = vBo "så" ; -lin sina1 = vKoka "sina" ; -lin skynda1 = vKoka "skynda" ; -lin skämta1 = vKoka "skämta" ; -lin skänk1 = nRisk "skänk" ; -lin ske1 = vBo "ske" ; -lin skaffa1 = vKoka "skaffa" ; -lin skara1 = nApa "skara" ; -lin samla1 = vKoka "samla" ; -lin flytta1 = vKoka "flytta" ; -lin femtedel1 = nBil "femtedel" ; -lin får1 = nRep "får" ; -lin fängsla1 = vKoka "fängsla" ; -lin fäst1 = nRep "fäst" ; -lin folk1 = nRep "folk" ; -lin frukt1 = nBil "frukt" ; -lin frukta1 = vKoka "frukta" ; -lin fråga1 = vKoka "fråga" ; -lin föröka1 = vKoka "föröka" ; -lin förkunna1 = vKoka "förkunna" ; -lin förbanna1 = vKoka "förbanna" ; -lin förbund1 = nRep "förbund" ; -lin fördärva1 = vKoka "fördärva" ; -lin förvärva1 = vKoka "förvärva" ; -lin dräpa1 = vSteka "dräpa" ; -lin dag1 = nBil "dag" ; -lin döda1 = vKoka "döda" ; -lin nådig1 = adjReg "nådig" ; -lin namn1 = nRep "namn" ; -lin vin1 = nRep "vin" ; -lin vinträd1 = nRep "vinträd" ; -lin vila1 = vKoka "vila" ; -lin vädur1 = nBil "vädur" ; -lin växa1 = vSteka "växa" ; -lin välsigna1 = vKoka "välsigna" ; -lin vakta1 = vKoka "vakta" ; -lin vandra1 = vKoka "vandra" ; -lin vattna1 = vKoka "vattna" ; -lin vagn1 = nBil "vagn" ; -lin vara1 = vKoka "vara" ; -lin tvista1 = vKoka "tvista" ; -lin tjänstekvinna1 = nApa "tjänstekvinna" ; -lin tjäna1 = vKoka "tjäna" ; -lin tjänarinna1 = nApa "tjänarinna" ; -lin tjänare1 = nMurare "tjänare" ; -lin tält1 = nRep "tält" ; -lin tänka1 = vSteka "tänka" ; -lin tak1 = nRep "tak" ; -lin tal1 = nRep "tal" ; -lin tala1 = vKoka "tala" ; -lin träd1 = nRep "träd" ; -lin trösta1 = vKoka "trösta" ; -lin torn1 = nRep "torn" ; -lin åsna1 = nApa "åsna" ; -lin åkalla1 = vKoka "åkalla" ; -lin år1 = nRep "år" ; -lin gåva1 = nApa "gåva" ; -lin gods1 = nRep "gods" ; -lin buga1 = vKoka "buga" ; -lin budbärare1 = nMurare "budbärare" ; -lin bo1 = vBo "bo" ; -lin blod1 = nRep "blod" ; -lin brokig1 = adjReg "brokig" ; -lin bruka1 = vKoka "bruka" ; -lin brunn1 = nBil "brunn" ; -lin bröd1 = nRep "bröd" ; -lin bevisa1 = vKoka "bevisa" ; -lin bevara1 = vKoka "bevara" ; -lin berg1 = nRep "berg" ; -lin berätta1 = vKoka "berätta" ; -lin befallning1 = nBil "befallning" ; -lin behandla1 = vKoka "behandla" ; -lin baka1 = vKoka "baka" ; -lin barn1 = nRep "barn" ; -lin balsamera1 = vKoka "balsamera" ; -lin otillbörlig1 = adjReg "otillbörlig" ; -lin offra1 = vKoka "offra" ; -lin omstörta1 = vKoka "omstörta" ; -lin hjord1 = nBil "hjord" ; -lin hövding1 = nBil "hövding" ; -lin höga1 = vSteka "höga" ; -lin högtidlig1 = adjReg "högtidlig" ; -lin hebré1 = nRisk "hebré" ; -lin heta1 = vKoka "heta" ; -lin heta2 = vSteka "heta" ; -lin hämta1 = vKoka "hämta" ; -lin härstamma1 = vKoka "härstamma" ; -lin hus1 = nRep "hus" ; -lin husfolk1 = nRep "husfolk" ; -lin hav1 = nRep "hav" ; -lin harpa1 = nApa "harpa" ; -lin lyssna1 = vKoka "lyssna" ; -lin ljus1 = nRep "ljus" ; -lin lägra1 = vKoka "lägra" ; -lin lämna1 = vKoka "lämna" ; -lin låga1 = nApa "låga" ; -lin liv1 = nRep "liv" ; -lin ledsaga1 = vKoka "ledsaga" ; -lin lova1 = vKoka "lova" ; -lin land1 = nRep "land" ; -lin kunna1 = vKoka "kunna" ; -lin källa1 = nApa "källa" ; -lin kasta1 = vKoka "kasta" ; -lin kalla1 = vKoka "kalla" ; -lin konung1 = nBil "konung" ; -lin kvinna1 = nApa "kvinna" ; -lin killing1 = nBil "killing" ; -lin idka1 = vKoka "idka" ; -lin inbyggare1 = nMurare "inbyggare" ; -lin möta1 = vSteka "möta" ; -lin mäktig1 = adjReg "mäktig" ; -lin märka1 = vSteka "märka" ; -lin människa1 = nApa "människa" ; -lin misshaga1 = vKoka "misshaga" ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/swe.para b/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/swe.para deleted file mode 100644 index 14d50bf87..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/shallow/swedish/swe.para +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -N!nApa: ap/a apor -N!nBil: bil bilen bilar -N!nNyckel: cyk/el cykeln cyklar -N!nRisk: vals valserna -N!nDike: rik/e riket rikena -N!nRep: val valet -N!nMurare: kik/are kikarna -Adj1!adjReg: bill/ig billigt -Adj1!adjReg: dyr dyrt dyra |dyraste|dyrare|dyrast| -V!vKoka: tal/a |talar|talade|talat| -V!vSteka: lek/a leker |lekte|lekt| -V!vBo: sy syr sydde diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/CombinationsSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/CombinationsSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 10b3a6a50..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/CombinationsSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,208 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Swedish Resource Grammar: Combination Rules --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- --- This is the Swedish concrete syntax of the multilingual resource --- grammar. Most of the work is done in the file $SyntaxSwe.gf$. --- However, for the purpose of documentation, we make here explicit the --- linearization types of each category, so that their structures and --- dependencies can be seen. --- Another substantial part are the linearization rules of some --- structural words. --- --- The users of the resource grammar should not look at this file for the --- linearization rules, which are in fact hidden in the document version. --- They should use $resource.Abs.gf$ to access the syntactic rules. --- This file can be consulted in those, hopefully rare, occasions in which --- one has to know how the syntactic categories are --- implemented. The parameter types are defined in $TypesSwe.gf$. - -concrete CombinationsSwe of Combinations = open Prelude, SyntaxSwe in { - -flags - startcat=Phr ; - lexer=text ; - unlexer=text ; - -lincat - CN = {s : Number => SpeciesP => Case => Str ; g : Gender ; x : Sex ; - p : IsComplexCN} ; - N = CommNoun ; - -- = {s : Number => Species => Case => Str ; g : Gender ; x : Sex} ; - NP = NounPhrase ; - -- = {s : NPForm => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - PN = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender ; x : Sex} ; - Det = {s : Gender => Sex => Str ; n : Number ; b : SpeciesP} ; - Fun = Function ; - -- = CommNoun ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - Fun2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - Num = {s : Case => Str} ; - Prep = {s : Str} ; - - Adj1 = Adjective ; - -- = {s : AdjFormPos => Case => Str} ; - Adj2 = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - AdjDeg = {s : AdjForm => Str} ; - AP = Adjective ** {p : IsPostfixAdj} ; - - V = Verb ; - -- = {s : VForm => Str ; s1 : Str} ; - VG = {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Bool => Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str} ; - VP = {s : VForm => Str ; s2 : Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str} ; - TV = TransVerb ; - -- = Verb ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - V3 = TransVerb ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - VS = Verb ; - VV = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - - AdV = {s : Str ; isPost : Bool} ; - - S = Sentence ; - -- = {s : Order => Str} ; - Slash = Sentence ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - RP = {s : RelCase => GenNum => Str ; g : RelGender} ; - RC = {s : GenNum => Str} ; - IP = NounPhrase ; - Qu = {s : QuestForm => Str} ; - Imp = {s : Number => Str} ; - - Phr = {s : Str} ; - - Conj = {s : Str ; n : Number} ; - ConjD = {s1 : Str ; s2 : Str ; n : Number} ; - - ListS = {s1,s2 : Order => Str} ; - ListAP = {s1,s2 : AdjFormPos => Case => Str ; p : Bool} ; - ListNP = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - ---. - -lin - UseN = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - ModAdj = modCommNounPhrase ; - ModGenOne = npGenDet singular noNum ; - ModGenNum = npGenDet plural ; - UsePN = nameNounPhrase ; - UseFun = funAsCommNounPhrase ; - AppFun = appFunComm ; - AppFun2 = appFun2 ; - AdjP1 = adj2adjPhrase ; - ComplAdj = complAdj ; - PositAdjP = positAdjPhrase ; - ComparAdjP = comparAdjPhrase ; - SuperlNP = superlNounPhrase ; - - DetNP = detNounPhrase ; - IndefOneNP = indefNounPhrase singular ; - IndefNumNP = indefNounPhraseNum plural ; - DefOneNP = defNounPhrase singular ; - DefNumNP = defNounPhraseNum plural ; - MassNP = detNounPhrase (mkDeterminerSg (detSgInvar []) IndefP) ; - UseInt i = {s = table {Nom => i.s ; Gen => i.s ++ "s"}} ; --- - NoNum = noNum ; - - SymbPN i = {s = \\_ => i.s ; g = Neutr ; x = NoMasc} ; - SymbCN cn s = - {s = \\a,n,c => cn.s ! a ! n ! c ++ s.s ; - g = cn.g ; - x = cn.x ; - p = cn.p - } ; - - CNthatS = nounThatSentence ; - - PredVP = predVerbPhrase ; - - PosVG = predVerbGroup True ; - NegVG = predVerbGroup False ; - - PredV = predVerb ; - PredAP = predAdjective ; - PredCN = predCommNoun ; - PredTV = complTransVerb ; - PredV3 = complDitransVerb ; - PredPassV = passVerb ; - PredNP = predNounPhrase ; - PredAdV = predAdverb ; - PredVS = complSentVerb ; - PredVV = complVerbVerb ; - VTrans = transAsVerb ; - - AdjAdv a = advPost (a.s ! adverbForm ! Nom) ; - PrepNP p = prepPhrase p.s ; --- - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - AdvCN = advCommNounPhrase ; - AdvAP = advAdjPhrase ; - - ThereNP A = predVerbPhrase npDet - (predVerbGroup True - (complTransVerb (mkDirectVerb verbFinnas) A)) ; - - PosSlashTV = slashTransVerb True ; - NegSlashTV = slashTransVerb False ; - OneVP = predVerbPhrase npMan ; - - IdRP = identRelPron ; - FunRP = funRelPron ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - RelSlash = relSlash ; - ModRC = modRelClause ; - RelSuch = relSuch ; - - WhoOne = intPronWho singular ; - WhoMany = intPronWho plural ; - WhatOne = intPronWhat singular ; - WhatMany = intPronWhat plural ; - FunIP = funIntPron ; - NounIPOne = nounIntPron singular ; - NounIPMany = nounIntPron plural ; - - QuestVP = questVerbPhrase ; - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - IntSlash = intSlash ; - QuestAdv = questAdverbial ; - IsThereNP A = questVerbPhrase npDet - (predVerbGroup True - (complTransVerb (mkDirectVerb verbFinnas) A)) ; - - ImperVP = imperVerbPhrase ; - - IndicPhrase = indicUtt ; - QuestPhrase = interrogUtt ; - ImperOne = imperUtterance singular ; - ImperMany = imperUtterance plural ; - - AdvS = advSentence ; - - TwoS = twoSentence ; - ConsS = consSentence ; - ConjS = conjunctSentence ; - ConjDS = conjunctDistrSentence ; - - TwoAP = twoAdjPhrase ; - ConsAP = consAdjPhrase ; - ConjAP = conjunctAdjPhrase ; - ConjDAP = conjunctDistrAdjPhrase ; - - TwoNP = twoNounPhrase ; - ConsNP = consNounPhrase ; - ConjNP = conjunctNounPhrase ; - ConjDNP = conjunctDistrNounPhrase ; - - SubjS = subjunctSentence ; - SubjImper = subjunctImperative ; - SubjQu = subjunctQuestion ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; - - PhrNP = useNounPhrase ; - PhrOneCN = useCommonNounPhrase singular ; - PhrManyCN = useCommonNounPhrase plural ; - PhrIP ip = ip ; - PhrIAdv ia = ia ; - - OnePhr p = p ; - ConsPhr = cc2 ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTest.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTest.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 71fca9829..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTest.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,93 +0,0 @@ -abstract MoreTest = Structural ** { - --- a random sample of lexicon to test resource grammar with - -fun -Big, Happy, Small, Old, Young : AdjDeg ; -Interested, Fresh : AdjDeg ; -Slow, New, Own, Free : AdjDeg ; -American, Finnish : Adj1 ; -Married : Adj2 ; - -Finale : N ; -Man, Woman, Car, House, Light, Bar, Bottle, Wine : N ; -DrinkS, Air, Glass, Letter, Fiance, Chair, Fever : N ; -Seriousness, Book, Success, HomeBake, Golf : N ; -Competition : N ; -CinemaVisit : N ; -Orientation : N ; --? vad det nu kan heta på engelska -Idea : N ; - --- Nomen med en-ställig funktion -Mother, Uncle : Fun ; - --- Nomen med två-ställig funktion -Connection : Fun2 ; - - ---Intransitiva verb -Walk, Run : V ; -Sleep : V ; -Rain : V ; -Dance : V ; -ArriveX : V ; -Sail : V ; ---Monotransitiva verb --som tar NP som objekt -Send, Wait, Love, Drink, SwitchOn, SwitchOff : TV ; -Hug, Rent, Surprise : TV ; -MakeDo : TV ; -Have : TV ; -Like : TV ; -Take : TV ; -Buy : TV ; -Build : TV ; ---med prep -Talk : TV ; -- prata med -Trust : TV ; -- lita på -Start : TV ; -Play : TV ; -Win : TV ; -Accustomize : V3 ; -Remind : V3 ; -Devote : V3 ; -Steal : TV ; -DeserveVV : VV ; - ---Ditransitiva verb -Give, Prefer : V3 ; ---(Pelle ger Fido till Lisa) ---(Pelle ger Lisa Fido) - -Put : V3 ; --sätter Lisa i stolen ---Direkt, indirekt objekt -Give2 : V3 ; -Envy : V3 ; --- två ppp som dir o indir obj -Talk2 : V3 ; -- tala med ngn om ngt - --- Verb med satskomplement -Say, Prove : VS ; - - -Hope : VS ; - -Believe : VS ; -Know : VS ; ---Seem : VS ; -UseToVV : VV ; -ShallVV : VV ; --- Partikelverb -- se TV - - ---Adverb -Well, Difficult, Always, ToNight, Now : AdV ; - -HaveVV : VV ; -TryVV : VV; -RefuseVV : VV; -SeemVV : VV ; -ContinueVV : VV; - ---Pronomen -John, Mary, Liza, Charlie, Phido, Pelle, Anders: PN ; -} ; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTestSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTestSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c4bd8e755..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MoreTestSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,164 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete MoreTestSwe of MoreTest = StructuralSwe ** open Prelude, SyntaxSwe in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin ---aFin, aFager, aGrund, aVid, aVaken, aKorkad, aAbstrakt - -Big = stor_25 ; -Small = liten_1146 ; -Old = gammal_16 ; -Young = ung_29 ; - -American = extAdjective (aFin "amerikansk") ; -Finnish = extAdjective (aFin "finsk") ; -Married = extAdjective (aAbstrakt "gift") ** {s2 = "med"} ; - -Happy = aFin "lycklig" ; -Free = aFin "ledig" ; -Slow = aFin "långsam" ; -New = aVid "ny" ; -Own = aVaken "eg" ; -Fresh = aFin "frisk" ; -Interested = aGrund "intressera" ; - - ---sApa, sBil sPojke, sNyckel sKam sSak , sVarelse , ---sNivå, sParti,sMuseum sRike sLik sRum sHus sPapper ---sNummer sKikare, sProgram -Finale = extCommNoun NoMasc (sSak "final") ; -Idea = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "idé") ; -Orientation = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "orientering") ; -Air = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "luft") ; -Golf = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "golf") ; -Man = extCommNoun Masc man_1144 ; -Bar = extCommNoun NoMasc (sSak "bar") ; -DrinkS = extCommNoun NoMasc (sSak "drink") ; -Book = extCommNoun NoMasc (sSak "bok") ; -- omljud? -Bottle = extCommNoun NoMasc (sApa "flask") ; -Letter = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "brev") ; -Fiance = extCommNoun NoMasc (sNivå "fästmö") ; -Woman = extCommNoun NoMasc (sApa "kvinn") ; -Car = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "bil") ; -House = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "hus") ; -Glass = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "glas") ; -Light = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "ljus") ; -Wine = extCommNoun NoMasc (sParti "vin") ; -Success = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "framgång") ; -Seriousness = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "allvar") ; -Chair = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "stol") ; -Fever = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "feber") ; -HomeBake = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "hembakt") ; --måste ändra sen -Competition = extCommNoun NoMasc (sBil "tävling") ; -CinemaVisit = extCommNoun NoMasc (sHus "biobesök") ; - --- Nomen med en-ställig funktion -Mother = mkFun (extCommNoun NoMasc mor_1) "till" ; -Uncle = mkFun (extCommNoun Masc farbror_8) "till" ; - --- Nomen med två-ställig funktion -Connection = mkFun (extCommNoun NoMasc (sVarelse "förbindelse")) "från" ** - {s3 = "till"} ; - - ---vTala, vLeka vTyda vVända ---vByta vGömma vHyra vTåla ---vFinna - --- Intransitiva verb -Walk = extVerb Act gå_1174 ; -Run = extVerb Act (vFinna "spring" "sprang" "sprung") ; -Dance = extVerb Act (vTala "dans") ; -Rain = extVerb Act (vTala "regn") ; -Sleep = extVerb Act (vFinna "sov" "sov" "sov") ; -Sail = extVerb Act (vTala "segl") ; - ---Monotransitiva verb -Surprise = extTransVerb (vTala "överrask") [] ; -Drink = extTransVerb (vFinna "drick" "drack" "druck") [] ; -Love = extTransVerb (vTala "älsk") [] ; -Send = extTransVerb (vTala "skick") [] ; -Wait = extTransVerb (vTala "vänt") "på" ; -Build = extTransVerb (vLeka "bygg") [] ; -Buy = extTransVerb (vLeka "köp") [] ; -Rent = extTransVerb (vHyra "hyr") [] ; -MakeDo = extTransVerb (vHyra "gör") [] ; --Hack! -Hug = extTransVerb (vTala "kram") [] ; -Have = extTransVerb hava_1198 [] ; -Like = extTransVerb (vTala "gill") [] ; -Take = extTransVerb (vFinna "ta" "tog" "tag") [] ; -- -Start = extTransVerb (vTala "start") [] ; -Play = extTransVerb (vTala "spel") [] ; -Win = extTransVerb (vFinna "vinn" "vann" "vunn") [] ; - ---Bitransitiva verb -Give2 = extTransVerb (vFinna "giv" "gav" "giv") [] ** {s3 = ""} ; -- ge -Envy = extTransVerb (vTala "missunn") [] ** {s3 = ""} ; - ---(Bi)transverb med obligatorisk pp -Give = extTransVerb (vFinna "giv" "gav" "giv") [] ** {s3 = "till"} ; -- ge -Accustomize = extTransVerb (vFinna "vänj" "vande" "van") [] ** {s3 = "vid"} ; -- -Steal = extTransVerb (vHyra "stjäl") [] ; -- oh o hur ska detta böjas? - -Devote = extTransVerb (vTala "ägn") [] ** {s3 = "åt"} ; -- -Remind = extTransVerb (vTåla "påminn") [] ** {s3 = "om"} ; -- - -Prefer = extTransVerb (vFinna "föredrag" "föredrog" "föredrag") [] ** {s3 = "framför"} ; --- föredra -Put = extTransVerb (vFinna "sätt" "satte" "satt") [] ** {s3 = "i"} ; -Talk2 = extTransVerb (vTala "tal") ["med"] ** {s3 = "om"} ; - - --- Verb med satskomplement --- kan bara ta fullständiga satser, inledda med att? -Say = extVerb Act (vLeka "säg") ; -Prove = extVerb Act (vTala "bevis") ; - - -Hope = extVerb Pass(vTala "hopp") ;-- har ej deponens? -Believe = extTransVerb (vTala "lit") "på" ; -Know = extVerb Act (vTala "vet") ; - --- Verb som tar infinitivt verb, "ha" tar emellertid supinum -UseToVV = extVerb Act (vTala "bruk") ** {isAux = True} ; -RefuseVV = extVerb Act (vTala "vägr") ** {isAux = variants{False;True}} ; -HaveVV = extVerb Act (vHyra "har") ** {isAux = True} ; -- finns ju redan, måste kolla -SeemVV = extVerb Act (vTala "verk") ** {isAux = True}; -ShallVV = extVerb Act (vTala "skull") ** {isAux = True}; -ContinueVV = extVerb Act (vFinna "fortsätt" "fortsatte" "fortsatt") ** {isAux = variants{False;True}} ; -DeserveVV = extVerb Act (vTala "förtjän") ** {isAux = variants{False;True}} ; -TryVV = extVerb Act (vLeka "försök") ** {isAux = variants{False;True}} ; - ---Partikelverb -SwitchOn = mkDirectVerb (extVerbPart Act (vFinna "sätt" "satte" "satt") "på") ; -SwitchOff = mkDirectVerb (extVerbPart Act (vLeka "stäng") "av") ; -ArriveX = extVerbPart Act (vFinna "komm" "kom" "kommit") "fram" ; - --- Transitiva verb med obligatorisk pp -Talk = extTransVerb (vTala "prat") "med" ; -Trust = extTransVerb (vTala "lit") "på" ; - ---Adverb -Always = advPre "alltid" ; -Well = advPost "bra" ; -Now = advPost "nu" ; -Difficult = advPost "svårt" ; -ToNight = advPost "ikväll" ; - --- Pronomen -John = mkProperName "Johan" Utr Masc ; -Mary = mkProperName "Maria" Utr NoMasc ; -Pelle = mkProperName "Pelle" Utr Masc ; -Liza = mkProperName "Lisa" Utr NoMasc ; -Phido = mkProperName "Fido" Utr NoMasc ; -Charlie = mkProperName "Kalle" Utr Masc ; -Anders = mkProperName "Anders" Utr Masc ; - --- verbVara = extVerb Act vara_1200 ; --- verbHava = extVerb Act hava_1198 ; --- verbFinnas = mkVerb "finnas" "finns" "finns" ; - -} ; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MorphoSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MorphoSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 703e716e2..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/MorphoSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1168 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Simple Swedish Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains copies of the most usual inflectional patterns --- as defined in functional morphology (in the Haskell file $RulesSw.hs$). --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined for morphology. - -resource MorphoSwe = TypesSwe ** open Prelude in { - --- The indefinite and definite article -oper - artIndef = table {Utr => "en" ; Neutr => "ett"} ; - - artDef : Bool => GenNum => Str = table { - True => table { - ASg Utr => "den" ; - ASg Neutr => "det" ; -- det gamla huset - APl => variants {"de" ; "dom"} - } ; - False => table {_ => []} -- huset - } ; - --- A simplified verb category: present tense only. -oper - verbVara = extVerb Act vara_1200 ; - verbHava = extVerb Act hava_1198 ; - verbFinnas = mkVerb "finnas" "finns" "finns" ; - --- A simplified conjugation takes three forms in the worst case, plus a particle. - - mkVerbPart : (supa,super,sup,upp : Str) -> Verb = \supa,super,sup,upp -> - {s = table { - VPres Infinit Act => supa ; - VPres Infinit Pass => supa + "s" ; - VPres Indicat Act => super ; - VPres Indicat Pass => sup + "s" ; - VPres Imperat Act => sup ; - VPres Imparat Pass => sup + "s" - } ; - s1 = upp - } ; - --- The most common is a verb without a particle. - - mkVerb : (supa,super,sup : Str) -> Verb = \supa,super,sup -> - mkVerbPart supa super sup [] ; - --- Prepositions are just strings. - Preposition = Str ; - --- Relative pronouns have a special case system. $RPrep$ is the form used --- after a preposition (e.g. "det hus i vilket jag bor"). -param - RelCase = RNom | RAcc | RGen | RPrep ; - -oper - relPronForms : RelCase => GenNum => Str = table { - RNom => \\_ => "som" ; - RAcc => \\_ => variants {"som" ; []} ; - RGen => \\_ => "vars" ; - RPrep => pronVilken - } ; - - pronVilken = table { - ASg Utr => "vilken" ; - ASg Neutr => "vilket" ; - APl => "vilka" - } ; - - pronSådan = table { - ASg Utr => "sådan" ; - ASg Neutr => "sådant" ; - APl => "sådana" - } ; - --- What follows are machine-generated inflection paradigms from functional --- morphology. Hence they are low-level paradigms, without any --- abstractions or generalizations: the Haskell code is better in these respects. --- --- The variable names are selected in such a way that the paradigms can be read --- as inflection tables of certain words. - -oper sApa : Str -> Subst = \ap -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => ap + "a" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => ap + "as" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => ap + "an" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => ap + "ans" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => ap + "or" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => ap + "ors" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => ap + "orna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => ap + "ornas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sBil : Str -> Subst = \bil -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => bil ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => bil + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => bil + "en" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => bil + "ens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => bil + "ar" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => bil + "ars" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => bil + "arna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => bil + "arnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sPojke : Str -> Subst = \pojk -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => pojk + "e" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => pojk + "es" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => pojk + "en" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => pojk + "ens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => pojk + "ar" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => pojk + "ars" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => pojk + "arna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => pojk + "arnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sNyckel : Str -> Subst = \nyck -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => nyck + "el" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => nyck + "els" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => nyck + "eln" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => nyck + "elns" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => nyck + "lar" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => nyck + "lars" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => nyck + "larna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => nyck + "larnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sKam : Str -> Subst = \kam -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => kam ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => kam + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => kam + "men" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => kam + "mens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => kam + "mar" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => kam + "mars" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => kam + "marna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => kam + "marnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sSak : Str -> Subst = \sak -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => sak ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => sak + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => sak + "en" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => sak + "ens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => sak + "er" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => sak + "ers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => sak + "erna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => sak + "ernas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sVarelse : Str -> Subst = \varelse -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => varelse ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => varelse + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => varelse + "n" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => varelse + "ns" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => varelse + "r" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => varelse + "rs" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => varelse + "rna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => varelse + "rnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sNivå : Str -> Subst = \nivå -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => nivå ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => nivå + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => nivå + "n" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => nivå + "ns" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => nivå + "er" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => nivå + "ers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => nivå + "erna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => nivå + "ernas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sParti : Str -> Subst = \parti -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => parti ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => parti + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => parti + "et" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => parti + "ets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => parti + "er" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => parti + "ers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => parti + "erna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => parti + "ernas" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sMuseum : Str -> Subst = \muse -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => muse + "um" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => muse + "ums" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => muse + "et" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => muse + "ets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => muse + "er" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => muse + "ers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => muse + "erna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => muse + "ernas" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sRike : Str -> Subst = \rike -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => rike ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => rike + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => rike + "t" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => rike + "ts" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => rike + "n" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => rike + "ns" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => rike + "na" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => rike + "nas" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sLik : Str -> Subst = \lik -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => lik ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => lik + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => lik + "et" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => lik + "ets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => lik ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => lik + "s" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => lik + "en" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => lik + "ens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sRum : Str -> Subst = \rum -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => rum ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => rum + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => rum + "met" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => rum + "mets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => rum ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => rum + "s" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => rum + "men" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => rum + "mens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sHus : Str -> Subst = \hus -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => hus ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => hus ; - SF Sg Def Nom => hus + "et" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => hus + "ets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => hus ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => hus ; - SF Pl Def Nom => hus + "en" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => hus + "ens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sPapper : Str -> Subst = \papp -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => papp + "er" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => papp + "ers" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => papp + "ret" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => papp + "rets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => papp + "er" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => papp + "ers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => papp + "ren" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => papp + "rens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sNummer : Str -> Subst = \num -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => num + "mer" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => num + "mers" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => num + "ret" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => num + "rets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => num + "mer" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => num + "mers" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => num + "ren" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => num + "rens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper sKikare : Str -> Subst = \kikar -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => kikar + "e" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => kikar + "es" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => kikar + "en" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => kikar + "ens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => kikar + "e" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => kikar + "es" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => kikar + "na" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => kikar + "nas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper sProgram : Str -> Subst = \program -> - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => program ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => program + "s" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => program + "met" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => program + "mets" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => program ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => program + "s" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => program + "men" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => program + "mens" - } ; - h1 = Neutr - } ; - -oper aFin : Str -> Adj = \fin -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => fin ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => fin + "s" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => fin + "t" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => fin + "ts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => fin + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => fin + "as" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => fin + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => fin + "as" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => fin + "e" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => fin + "es" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => fin + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => fin + "as" ; - AF Compar Nom => fin + "are" ; - AF Compar Gen => fin + "ares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => fin + "ast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => fin + "asts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => fin + "aste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => fin + "astes" - } - } ; - -oper aFager : Str -> Adj = \fag -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => fag + "er" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => fag + "ers" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => fag + "ert" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => fag + "erts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => fag + "era" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => fag + "eras" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => fag + "era" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => fag + "eras" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => fag + "ere" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => fag + "eres" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => fag + "era" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => fag + "eras" ; - AF Compar Nom => fag + "erare" ; - AF Compar Gen => fag + "erares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => fag + "erast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => fag + "erasts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => fag + "eraste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => fag + "erastes" - } - } ; - -oper aGrund : Str -> Adj = \grun -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => grun + "d" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => grun + "ds" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => grun + "t" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => grun + "ts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => grun + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => grun + "das" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => grun + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => grun + "das" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => grun + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => grun + "des" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => grun + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => grun + "das" ; - AF Compar Nom => grun + "dare" ; - AF Compar Gen => grun + "dares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => grun + "dast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => grun + "dasts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => grun + "daste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => grun + "dastes" - } - } ; - -oper aVid : Str -> Adj = \vi -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => vi + "d" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => vi + "ds" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => vi + "tt" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => vi + "tts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => vi + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => vi + "das" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => vi + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => vi + "das" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => vi + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => vi + "des" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => vi + "da" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => vi + "das" ; - AF Compar Nom => vi + "dare" ; - AF Compar Gen => vi + "dares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => vi + "dast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => vi + "dasts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => vi + "daste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => vi + "dastes" - } - } ; - -oper aVaken : Str -> Adj = \vak -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => vak + "en" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => vak + "ens" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => vak + "et" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => vak + "ets" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => vak + "na" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => vak + "nas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => vak + "na" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => vak + "nas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => vak + "ne" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => vak + "nes" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => vak + "na" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => vak + "nas" ; - AF Compar Nom => vak + "nare" ; - AF Compar Gen => vak + "nares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => vak + "nast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => vak + "nasts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => vak + "naste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => vak + "nastes" - } - } ; - -oper aKorkad : Str -> Adj = \korka -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => korka + "d" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => korka + "ds" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => korka + "t" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => korka + "ts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => korka + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => korka + "des" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => korka + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => korka + "des" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => korka + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => korka + "des" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => korka + "de" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => korka + "des" ; - AF Compar Nom => variants {} ; - AF Compar Gen => variants {} ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => variants {} ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => variants {} ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => variants {} ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => variants {} - } - } ; - -oper aAbstrakt : Str -> Adj = \abstrakt -> - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => abstrakt ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => abstrakt + "s" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => abstrakt ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => abstrakt + "s" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => abstrakt + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => abstrakt + "as" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => abstrakt + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => abstrakt + "as" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => abstrakt + "e" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => abstrakt + "es" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => abstrakt + "a" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => abstrakt + "as" ; - AF Compar Nom => abstrakt + "are" ; - AF Compar Gen => abstrakt + "ares" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => abstrakt + "ast" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => abstrakt + "asts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => abstrakt + "aste" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => abstrakt + "astes" - } - } ; - -oper vTala : Str -> Verbum = \tal -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => tal + "ar" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => tal + "as" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => tal + "e" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => tal + "es" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => tal + "ade" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => tal + "ades" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => tal + "ade" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => tal + "ades" ; - VF Imper => tal + "a" ; - VI (Inf Act) => tal + "a" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => tal + "as" ; - VI (Supin Act) => tal + "at" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => tal + "ats" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => tal + "ande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => tal + "andes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => tal + "ad" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => tal + "ads" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => tal + "at" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => tal + "ats" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => tal + "ade" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => tal + "ades" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => tal + "ade" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => tal + "ades" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => tal + "ade" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => tal + "ades" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => tal + "ade" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => tal + "ades" - } - } ; - -oper vLeka : Str -> Verbum = \lek -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => lek + "er" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {lek + "s" ; lek + "es"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => lek + "e" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => lek + "es" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => lek + "te" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => lek + "tes" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => lek + "te" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => lek + "tes" ; - VF Imper => lek ; - VI (Inf Act) => lek + "a" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => lek + "as" ; - VI (Supin Act) => lek + "t" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => lek + "ts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => lek + "ande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => lek + "andes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => lek + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => lek + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => lek + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => lek + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => lek + "ta" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => lek + "tas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => lek + "ta" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => lek + "tas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => lek + "te" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => lek + "tes" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => lek + "ta" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => lek + "tas" - } - } ; - -oper vTyda : Str -> Verbum = \ty -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => ty + "der" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {ty + "ds" ; ty + "des"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => ty + "de" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => ty + "des" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => ty + "dde" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => ty + "ddes" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => ty + "dde" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => ty + "ddes" ; - VF Imper => ty + "d" ; - VI (Inf Act) => ty + "da" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => ty + "das" ; - VI (Supin Act) => ty + "tt" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => ty + "tts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => ty + "dande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => ty + "dandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => ty + "dd" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => ty + "dds" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => ty + "tt" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => ty + "tts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => ty + "dda" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => ty + "ddas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => ty + "dda" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => ty + "ddas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => ty + "dde" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => ty + "ddes" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => ty + "dda" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => ty + "ddas" - } - } ; - -oper vVända : Str -> Verbum = \vän -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => vän + "der" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {vän + "ds" ; vän + "des"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => vän + "de" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => vän + "des" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => vän + "de" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => vän + "des" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => vän + "de" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => vän + "des" ; - VF Imper => vän + "d" ; - VI (Inf Act) => vän + "da" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => vän + "das" ; - VI (Supin Act) => vän + "t" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => vän + "ts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => vän + "dande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => vän + "dandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => vän + "d" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => vän + "ds" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => vän + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => vän + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => vän + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => vän + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => vän + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => vän + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => vän + "de" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => vän + "des" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => vän + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => vän + "das" - } - } ; - -oper vByta : Str -> Verbum = \by -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => by + "ter" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {by + "ts" ; by + "tes"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => by + "te" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => by + "tes" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => by + "tte" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => by + "ttes" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => by + "tte" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => by + "ttes" ; - VF Imper => by + "t" ; - VI (Inf Act) => by + "ta" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => by + "tas" ; - VI (Supin Act) => by + "tt" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => by + "tts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => by + "tande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => by + "tandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => by + "tt" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => by + "tts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => by + "tt" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => by + "tts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => by + "tta" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => by + "ttas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => by + "tta" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => by + "ttas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => by + "tte" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => by + "ttes" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => by + "tta" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => by + "ttas" - } - } ; - -oper vGömma : Str -> Verbum = \göm -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => göm + "mer" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {göm + "s" ; göm + "mes"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => göm + "me" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => göm + "mes" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => göm + "de" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => göm + "des" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => göm + "de" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => göm + "des" ; - VF Imper => göm ; - VI (Inf Act) => göm + "ma" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => göm + "mas" ; - VI (Supin Act) => göm + "t" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => göm + "ts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => göm + "mande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => göm + "mandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => göm + "d" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => göm + "ds" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => göm + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => göm + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => göm + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => göm + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => göm + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => göm + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => göm + "de" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => göm + "des" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => göm + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => göm + "das" - } - } ; - -oper vHyra : Str -> Verbum = \hyr -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => hyr ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {hyr + "s" ; hyr + "es"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => hyr + "e" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => hyr + "es" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => hyr + "de" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => hyr + "des" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => hyr + "de" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => hyr + "des" ; - VF Imper => hyr ; - VI (Inf Act) => hyr + "a" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => hyr + "as" ; - VI (Supin Act) => hyr + "t" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => hyr + "ts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => hyr + "ande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => hyr + "andes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => hyr + "d" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => hyr + "ds" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => hyr + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => hyr + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => hyr + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => hyr + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => hyr + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => hyr + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => hyr + "de" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => hyr + "des" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => hyr + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => hyr + "das" - } - } ; - -oper vTåla : Str -> Verbum = \tål -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => tål ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {tål + "s" ; tål + "es"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => tål + "e" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => tål + "es" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => tål + "de" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => tål + "des" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => tål + "de" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => tål + "des" ; - VF Imper => tål ; - VI (Inf Act) => tål + "a" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => tål + "as" ; - VI (Supin Act) => tål + "t" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => tål + "ts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => tål + "ande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => tål + "andes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => tål + "d" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => tål + "ds" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => tål + "t" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => tål + "ts" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => tål + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => tål + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => tål + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => tål + "das" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => tål + "de" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => tål + "des" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => tål + "da" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => tål + "das" - } - } ; - -oper vFinna : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \finn, fann, funn -> - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => finn + "er" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {finn + "s" ; finn + "es"} ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => finn + "e" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => finn + "es" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => fann ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => fann + "s" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => funn + "e" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => funn + "es" ; - VF Imper => finn ; - VI (Inf Act) => finn + "a" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => finn + "as" ; - VI (Supin Act) => funn + "it" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => funn + "its" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => finn + "ande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => finn + "andes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => funn + "en" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => funn + "ens" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => funn + "et" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => funn + "ets" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => funn + "a" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => funn + "as" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => funn + "a" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => funn + "as" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => funn + "e" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => funn + "es" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => funn + "a" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => funn + "as" - } - } ; - --- machine-generated exceptional inflection tables from rules.Swe.gf - -oper mor_1 : Subst = - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => variants {"mor" ; "moder"} ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => variants {"mors" ; "moders"} ; - SF Sg Def Nom => "modern" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => "moderns" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => "mödrar" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => "mödrars" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => "mödrarna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => "mödrarnas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper farbror_8 : Subst = - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => variants {"farbror" ; "farbroder"} ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => variants {"farbrors" ; "farbroders"} ; - SF Sg Def Nom => "farbrodern" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => "farbroderns" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => "farbröder" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => "farbröders" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => "farbröderna" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => "farbrödernas" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper gammal_16 : Adj = - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => "gammal" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => "gammals" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => "gammalt" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => "gammalts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => "gamla" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => "gamlas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => "gamla" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => "gamlas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => "gamle" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => "gamles" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => "gamla" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => "gamlas" ; - AF Compar Nom => "äldre" ; - AF Compar Gen => "äldres" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => "äldst" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => "äldsts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => "äldsta" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => "äldstas" - } - } ; - - -oper stor_25 : Adj = - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => "stor" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => "stors" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => "stort" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => "storts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => "stora" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => "storas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => "stora" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => "storas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => "store" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => "stores" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => "stora" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => "storas" ; - AF Compar Nom => "större" ; - AF Compar Gen => "störres" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => "störst" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => "störsts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => "största" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => "störstas" - } - } ; - -oper ung_29 : Adj = - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => "ung" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => "ungs" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => "ungt" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => "ungts" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => "unga" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => "ungas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => "unga" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => "ungas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => "unge" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => "unges" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => "unga" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => "ungas" ; - AF Compar Nom => "yngre" ; - AF Compar Gen => "yngres" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => "yngst" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => "yngsts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => "yngsta" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => "yngstas" - } - } ; - - -oper jag_32 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "jag" ; - PAcc => "mig" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "min" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "mitt" ; - PGen APl => "mina" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P1 - } ; - -oper du_33 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "du" ; - PAcc => "dig" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "din" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "ditt" ; - PGen APl => "dina" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P2 - } ; - -oper han_34 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "han" ; - PAcc => "honom" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "hans" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "hans" ; - PGen APl => "hans" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper hon_35 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "hon" ; - PAcc => "henne" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "hennes" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "hennes" ; - PGen APl => "hennes" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper vi_36 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "vi" ; - PAcc => "oss" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "vår" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "vårt" ; - PGen APl => "våra" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P1 - } ; - -oper ni_37 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "ni" ; - PAcc => "er" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "er" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "ert" ; - PGen APl => "era" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P2 - } ; - -oper de_38 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "de" ; - PAcc => "dem" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "deras" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "deras" ; - PGen APl => "deras" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper den_39 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "den" ; - PAcc => "den" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "dess" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "dess" ; - PGen APl => "dess" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper det_40 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "det" ; - PAcc => "det" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "dess" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "dess" ; - PGen APl => "dess" - } ; - h1 = Neutr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper man_1144 : Subst = - {s = table { - SF Sg Indef Nom => "man" ; - SF Sg Indef Gen => "mans" ; - SF Sg Def Nom => "mannen" ; - SF Sg Def Gen => "mannens" ; - SF Pl Indef Nom => "män" ; - SF Pl Indef Gen => "mäns" ; - SF Pl Def Nom => "männen" ; - SF Pl Def Gen => "männens" - } ; - h1 = Utr - } ; - -oper liten_1146 : Adj = - {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Nom => "liten" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) Gen => "litens" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Nom => "litet" ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) Gen => "litets" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Nom => "små" ; - AF (Posit (Strong APl)) Gen => "smås" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Nom => "lilla" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg NoMasc))) Gen => "lillas" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Nom => "lille" ; - AF (Posit (Weak (AxSg Masc))) Gen => "lilles" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Nom => "små" ; - AF (Posit (Weak AxPl)) Gen => "smås" ; - AF Compar Nom => "mindre" ; - AF Compar Gen => "mindres" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Nom => "minst" ; - AF (Super SupStrong) Gen => "minsts" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Nom => "minsta" ; - AF (Super SupWeak) Gen => "minstas" - } - } ; - -oper giva_1147 : Verbum = - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => variants {"giver" ; "ger"} ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {"gives" ; "givs" ; "ges"} ; - VF (Pres Conj Act) => "give" ; - VF (Pres Conj Pass) => "gives" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => "gav" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => "gavs" ; - VF (Pret Conj Act) => "give" ; - VF (Pret Conj Pass) => "gives" ; - VF Imper => variants {"giv" ; "ge"} ; - VI (Inf Act) => variants {"giva" ; "ge"} ; - VI (Inf Pass) => variants {"givas" ; "ges"} ; - VI (Supin Act) => "givit" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => "givits" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => "givande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => "givandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => "given" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => "givens" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => "givet" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => "givets" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => "givna" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => "givnas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => "givna" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => "givnas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => "givne" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => "givnes" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => "givna" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => "givnas" - } - } ; - -oper gå_1174 : Verbum = - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => "går" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => "gås" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Act) => "gå" ; - VF (Pres Cnj Pass) => "gås" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => "gick" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => "gicks" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Act) => "ginge" ; - VF (Pret Cnj Pass) => "ginges" ; - VF Imper => "gå" ; - VI (Inf Act) => "gå" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => "gås" ; - VI (Supin Act) => "gått" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => "gåtts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => "gående" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => "gåendes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => "gången" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => "gångens" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => "gånget" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => "gångets" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => "gångna" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => "gångnas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => "gångna" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => "gångnas" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => "gångne" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => "gångnes" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => "gångna" ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => "gångnas" - } - } ; -oper hava_1198 : Verbum = - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => variants { "har"; "haver"} ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {"havs" ; "has"} ; - VF (Pres Conj Act) => "have" ; - VF (Pres Conj Pass) => "haves" ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => "hade" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => "hades" ; - VF (Pret Conj Act) => "hade" ; - VF (Pret Conj Pass) => "hades" ; - VF Imper => variants {"hav" ; "ha"} ; - VI (Inf Act) => variants {"hava" ; "ha"} ; - VI (Inf Pass) => variants {"havas" ; "has"} ; - VI (Supin Act) => "haft" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => "hafts" ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => "havande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => "havandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => variants {} - } - } ; - -oper vara_1200 : Verbum = - {s = table { - VF (Pres Ind Act) => "är" ; - VF (Pres Ind Pass) => variants {} ; - VF (Pres Conj Act) => "vare" ; - VF (Pres Conj Pass) => variants {} ; - VF (Pret Ind Act) => "var" ; - VF (Pret Ind Pass) => variants {} ; - VF (Pret Conj Act) => "vore" ; - VF (Pret Conj Pass) => variants {} ; - VF Imper => "var" ; - VI (Inf Act) => "vara" ; - VI (Inf Pass) => variants {} ; - VI (Supin Act) => "varit" ; - VI (Supin Pass) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPres Nom) => "varande" ; - VI (PtPres Gen) => "varandes" ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Utr)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong (ASg Neutr)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Strong APl) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg NoMasc)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak (AxSg Masc)) Gen) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Nom) => variants {} ; - VI (PtPret (Weak AxPl) Gen) => variants {} - } - } ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 4943eff81..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,365 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 Swedish Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It give shortcuts for forming --- expressions of basic categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoSwe.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, not stems, as string --- arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsSwe = open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, SyntaxSwe, ResourceSwe in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type ; - utrum : Gender ; - neutrum : Gender ; - - Sex : Type ; - - masculine : Sex ; - nonmasculine : Sex ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. - - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - - - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: give all nominative forms and the gender. --- The genitive is formed automatically, even when the nominative --- ends with an "s". - - mkN : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Sex -> N ; - -- man, mannen, män, männen - --- Here are some common patterns, corresponding to school-gramamr declensions. --- Except $nPojke$, $nKarl$, and $nMurare$, --- they are defined to be $nonmasculine$, which means that they don't create --- the definite adjective form with "e" but with "a". - - nApa : Str -> N ; -- apa (apan, apor, aporna) ; utrum - nBil : Str -> N ; -- bil (bilen, bilar, bilarna) ; utrum - nKarl : Str -> N ; -- karl (karlen, karlar, karlarna) ; utrum ; masculine - nPojke : Str -> N ; -- pojke (pojken, pojkar, pojkarna) ; utrum ; masculine - nNyckel : Str -> N ; -- nyckel (nyckeln, nycklar, nycklarna) ; utrum - nRisk : Str -> N ; -- risk (risken, risker, riskerna) ; utrum - nDike : Str -> N ; -- dike (diket, diken, dikena) ; neutrum - nRep : Str -> N ; -- rep (repet, rep, repen) ; neutrum - nPapper : Str -> N ; -- papper (pappret, papper, pappren) ; neutrum - nMurare : Str -> N ; -- murare (muraren, murare, murarna) ; utrum ; masculine - nKikare : Str -> N ; -- kikare (kikaren, kikare, kikarna) ; utrum - --- Nouns used as functions need a preposition. The most common ones are "av", --- "på", and "till". A preposition is a string. - - mkFun : N -> Str -> Fun ; - funAv : N -> Fun ; - funPaa : N -> Fun ; - funTill : N -> Fun ; - --- Proper names, with their possibly --- irregular genitive. The regular genitive is "s", omitted after "s". - - mkPN : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ; -- Karolus, Karoli - pnReg : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ; -- Johan,Johans ; Johannes, Johannes - pnS : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> PN ; -- "Burger King(s)" - --- On the top level, it is maybe $CN$ that is used rather than $N$, and --- $NP$ rather than $PN$. - - mkCN : N -> CN ; - mkNP : (Karolus, Karoli : Str) -> Gender -> NP ; - - npReg : Str -> Gender -> NP ; -- Johann, Johanns - - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives need four forms in the worst case: --- strong singular, weak singular, plural. - - mkAdj1 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj1 ; -- liten, litet, lilla, små - --- Special cases needing one form each are: regular adjectives, --- adjectives with unstressed "e" in the last syllable, those --- ending with "n" as a further special case, and invariable --- adjectives. - - adjReg : Str -> Adj1 ; -- billig (billigt, billiga, billiga) - adjNykter : Str -> Adj1 ; -- nykter (nyktert, nyktra, nyktra) - adjGalen : Str -> Adj1 ; -- galen (galet, galna, galna) - adjInvar : Str -> Adj1 ; -- bra - --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition and a case as extra arguments. - - mkAdj2 : Adj1 -> Str -> Adj2 ; -- delbar, med - mkAdj2Reg : Str -> Str -> Adj2 ; -- - --- Comparison adjectives may need the three four forms for the positive case, plus --- three more forms for the comparison cases. - - mkAdjDeg : (liten, litet, lilla, sma, mindre, minst, minsta : Str) -> AdjDeg ; - --- Some comparison adjectives are completely regular. - - aReg : Str -> AdjDeg ; - --- On top level, there are adjectival phrases. The most common case is --- just to use a one-place adjective. The variation in $adjGen$ is taken --- into account. - - apReg : Str -> AP ; - ---2 Adverbs - --- Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position not --- before the verb. Some can be preverbal (e.g. "alltid"). - - mkAdv : Str -> AdV ; - mkAdvPre : Str -> AdV ; - --- Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed. - - mkAdA : Str -> AdA ; - mkAdS : Str -> AdS ; - --- Prepositional phrases are another productive form of adverbials. - - mkPP : Str -> NP -> AdV ; - - ---2 Verbs --- --- The fragment only has present tense so far. --- The worst case needs three forms: the infinitive, the indicative, and the --- imperative. - - Voice: Type; - - passive : Voice; - active: Voice; - - mkV : (_,_,_ : Str) -> V ; -- vara, är, var; trivas, trivs, trivs - --- The main conjugations need one string each. - - vKoka : Str -> V ; -- tala (talar, tala) - vSteka : Str -> V ; -- leka (leker, lek) - vBo : Str -> V ; -- bo (bor, bo) - - vAndas : Str -> V ; -- andas [all forms the same: also "slåss"] - vTrivas : Str -> V ; -- trivas (trivs, trivs) - --- The verbs 'be' and 'have' are special. - - vVara : V ; - vHa : V ; - --- Particle verbs are formed by putting together a verb and a particle. --- If the verb already has a particle, it is replaced by the new one. - - mkPartV : V -> Str -> V ; -- stänga av ; - --- Two-place verbs, and the special case with direct object. - - mkTV : V -> Str -> TV ; -- tycka, om - tvDir : V -> TV ; -- gilla - --- Ditransitive verbs. - - mkV3 : V -> Str -> Str -> V3 ; -- prata, med, om - v3Dir : V -> Str -> V3 ; -- ge,_,till - v3DirDir : V -> V3 ; -- ge,_,_ - --- Sentence complement verbs. - - mkVS : V -> VS ; -- säga (att ...) - --- Verb phrase complement verbs. - - vvInf : V -> VV ; -- orka (spela) - vvAtt : V -> VV ; -- gilla (att spela) - vvBoth : V -> VV ; -- försöka (spela | att spela) - - --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - - Gender = SyntaxSwe.Gender ; - Sex = SyntaxSwe.Sex ; - Case = SyntaxSwe.Case ; - Number = SyntaxSwe.Number ; - Voice = SyntaxSwe.Voice ; - - utrum = Utr ; - neutrum = Neutr ; - masculine = Masc ; - nonmasculine = NoMasc ; - nominative = Nom ; - genitive = Gen ; - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - - active = Act; - passive = Pass; - - mkN = \apa, apan, apor, aporna, g, x -> let - {nom = table { - SF Sg Indef _ => apa ; - SF Sg Def _ => apan ; - SF Pl Indef _ => apor ; - SF Pl Def _ => aporna - } - } in - {s = \\n,d,c => mkCase c (nom ! SF n d Nom) ; - g = g ; x = x ; lock_N = <> - } ; - - -- auxiliaries - mkGenit : Tok -> Tok = \s -> ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 s) "s" s (s + "s") ; - mkCase : Case -> Tok -> Tok = \c,t -> case c of { - Nom => t ; - Gen => mkGenit t - } ; - - nApa = \apa -> - let {apor = Predef.tk 1 apa + "or"} in - mkN apa (apa + "n") apor (apor + "na") utrum nonmasculine ; - - nBil = \bil -> - mkN bil (bil + "en") (bil + "ar") (bil + "arna") utrum nonmasculine ; - nKarl = \bil -> - mkN bil (bil + "en") (bil + "ar") (bil + "arna") utrum masculine ; - nPojke = \pojke -> - let {bil = Predef.tk 1 pojke} in - mkN pojke (bil + "en") (bil + "ar") (bil + "arna") utrum masculine ; - nNyckel = \cykel -> - let {cykl = Predef.tk 2 cykel + Predef.dp 1 cykel} in - mkN cykel (cykel + "n") (cykl + "ar") (cykl + "arna") utrum nonmasculine ; - nRisk = \bil -> - mkN bil (bil + "en") (bil + "er") (bil + "erna") utrum nonmasculine ; - nDike = \dike -> - mkN dike (dike + "t") (dike + "n") (dike + "na") neutrum nonmasculine ; - nRep = \rep -> - mkN rep (rep + "et") rep (rep + "en") neutrum nonmasculine ; - nPapper = \cykel -> - let {cykl = Predef.tk 2 cykel + Predef.dp 1 cykel} in - mkN cykel (cykl + "et") cykel (cykl + "en") neutrum nonmasculine ; - nMurare = \murare -> - let {murar = Predef.tk 1 murare} in - mkN murare (murar + "en") murare (murar + "na") utrum masculine ; - nKikare = \murare -> - let {murar = Predef.tk 1 murare} in - mkN murare (murar + "en") murare (murar + "na") utrum nonmasculine ; - - - mkFun x y = SyntaxSwe.mkFun x y ** {lock_Fun = <>} ; - funAv = \f -> mkFun f "av" ; - funPaa = \f -> mkFun f "på" ; - funTill = \f -> mkFun f "till" ; - - mkPN = \karolus, karoli, g, x -> - {s = table {Gen => karoli ; _ => karolus} ; g = g ; x = x ; lock_PN = <>} ; - pnReg = \horst -> - mkPN horst (ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 horst) "s" horst (horst + "s")) ; - pnS = \bk -> - mkPN bk (bk + "s") ; - - mkCN = UseN ; - mkNP = \a,b,g -> UsePN (mkPN a b g nonmasculine) ; -- gender irrelevant in NP - npReg = \s,g -> UsePN (pnReg s g nonmasculine) ; - - mkAdj1 = \liten, litet, lilla, små -> - {s = table { - Strong (ASg Utr) => \\c => mkCase c liten ; - Strong (ASg Neutr) => \\c => mkCase c litet ; - Strong APl => \\c => mkCase c små ; - Weak (AxSg Masc) => \\c => mkCase c (Predef.tk 1 lilla + "e") ; - Weak _ => \\c => mkCase c lilla - } ; - lock_Adj1 = <> - } ; - - adjReg = \billig -> mkAdj1 billig (billig + "t") (billig + "a") (billig + "a") ; - adjNykter = \nykter -> - let {nyktr = Predef.tk 2 nykter + Predef.dp 1 nykter} in - mkAdj1 nykter (nykter + "t") (nyktr + "a") (nyktr + "a") ; - adjGalen = \galen -> - let {gal = Predef.tk 2 galen} in - mkAdj1 galen (gal + "et") (gal + "na") (gal + "na") ; - adjInvar = \bra -> {s = \\_,_ => bra ; lock_Adj1 = <>} ; - - mkAdj2 = \a,p -> a ** {s2 = p ; lock_Adj2 = <>} ; - mkAdj2Reg = \a -> mkAdj2 (adjReg a) ; - - mkAdjDeg = \liten, litet, lilla, sma, mindre, minst, minsta -> - let {lit = (mkAdj1 liten litet lilla sma).s} in - {s = table { - AF (Posit f) c => lit ! f ! c ; - AF Compar c => mkCase c mindre ; - AF (Super SupStrong) c => mkCase c minst ; - AF (Super SupWeak) c => mkCase c minsta --- masculine! - } ; - lock_AdjDeg = <> - } ; - - aReg = \fin -> mkAdjDeg fin - (fin + "t") (fin + "a") (fin + "a") (fin + "are") (fin + "ast") (fin + "aste") ; - - apReg = \s -> AdjP1 (adjReg s) ; - - mkAdv a = advPost a ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkAdvPre a = advPre a ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkPP x y = prepPhrase x y ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkAdA a = ss a ** {lock_AdA = <>} ; - mkAdS a = ss a ** {lock_AdS = <>} ; - - mkV x y z = mkVerb x y z ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vKoka = \tala -> mkV tala (tala+"r") tala ; - vSteka = \leka -> let {lek = Predef.tk 1 leka} in mkV leka (lek + "er") lek ; - vBo = \bo -> mkV bo (bo+"r") bo ; - vAndas = \andas -> mkV andas andas andas ; - vTrivas = \trivas -> - let {trivs = Predef.tk 1 trivas + "s"} in mkV trivas trivs trivs ; - vVara = verbVara ** {lock_V = <>} ; - vHa = verbHava ** {lock_V = <>} ; - mkPartV v p = {s = v.s ; s1 = p ; lock_V = <>} ; - mkTV x y = mkTransVerb x y ** {lock_TV = <>} ; - tvDir = \v -> mkTV v [] ; - mkV3 x y z = mkDitransVerb x y z ** {lock_V3 = <>} ; - v3Dir x y = mkV3 x [] y ; - v3DirDir x = v3Dir x [] ; - - mkVS v = v ** {lock_VS = <>} ; - vvInf v = v ** {isAux = True ; lock_VV = <>} ; - vvAtt v = v ** {isAux = False ; lock_VV = <>} ; - vvBoth v = v ** {isAux = variants {False ; True} ; lock_VV = <>} ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/PredicationSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/PredicationSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 91e14bf27..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/PredicationSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource PredicationSwe = Predication with - (Resource = ResourceSwe), (ResourceExt = ResourceExtSwe) ; - --- this is the standard form of a derived resource. AR 12/1/2004 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceExtSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceExtSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index eedd995d8..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceExtSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -resource ResourceExtSwe = ResourceExt with (Resource = ResourceSwe) ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index e9c0a028f..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/ResourceSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -instance ResourceSwe of Resource = reuse StructuralSwe ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/StructuralSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/StructuralSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 799de3b97..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/StructuralSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Swedish Resource Grammar: Structural Words --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2003 --- -concrete StructuralSwe of Structural = - CombinationsSwe ** open Prelude, SyntaxSwe in { - lin - - INP = pronNounPhrase jag_32 ; - ThouNP = pronNounPhrase du_33 ; - HeNP = pronNounPhrase han_34 ; - SheNP = pronNounPhrase hon_35 ; - WeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum vi_36 n) ; - YeNumNP n = pronNounPhrase (pronWithNum ni_37 n) ; - TheyNP = pronNounPhrase de_38 ; - - YouNP = let {ni = pronNounPhrase ni_37 } in {s = ni.s ; g = ni.g ; n = Sg} ; - - ItNP = pronNounPhrase det_40 ; ---- - ThisNP = regNameNounPhrase ["det här"] Neutr NoMasc ; - ThatNP = regNameNounPhrase ["det där"] Neutr NoMasc ; - TheseNumNP n = - {s = \\c => ["det här"] ++ n.s ! npCase c ; g = Neutr ; n = Pl} ; - ThoseNumNP n = - {s = \\c => ["det där"] ++ n.s ! npCase c ; g = Neutr ; n = Pl} ; - - EveryDet = varjeDet ; - AllMassDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "all" "allt" IndefP ; - AllNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "alla" IndefP ; - AnyDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "någon" "något" IndefP ; - AnyNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "några" IndefP ; - SomeDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "någon" "något" IndefP ; - SomeNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "några" IndefP ; - ManyDet = mkDeterminerPl "många" IndefP ; - NoDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "ingen" "inget" IndefP ; - NoNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "inga" IndefP ; - WhichNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "vilka" IndefP ; - - WhichDet = vilkenDet ; - MostDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den mesta"] ["det mesta"] (DefP Def) ; - MostsDet = flestaDet ; - MuchDet = mkDeterminerSg (detSgInvar "mycket") IndefP ; - - ThisDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den här"] ["det här"] (DefP Def) ; - ThatDet = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den där"] ["det där"] (DefP Def) ; - TheseNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum ["de här"] (DefP Def) ; - ThoseNumDet = mkDeterminerPlNum ["de där"] (DefP Def) ; - - HowIAdv = ss "hur" ; - WhenIAdv = ss "när" ; - WhereIAdv = ss "var" ; - WhyIAdv = ss "varför" ; - - AndConj = ss "och" ** {n = Pl} ; - OrConj = ss "eller" ** {n = Sg} ; - BothAnd = sd2 "både" "och" ** {n = Pl} ; - EitherOr = sd2 "antingen" "eller" ** {n = Sg} ; - NeitherNor = sd2 "varken" "eller" ** {n = Sg} ; - IfSubj = ss "om" ; - WhenSubj = ss "när" ; - - PhrYes = ss ["Ja ."] ; - PhrNo = ss ["Nej ."] ; - - VeryAdv = ss "mycket" ; - TooAdv = ss "för" ; - OtherwiseAdv = ss "annars" ; - ThereforeAdv = ss "därför" ; - - EverybodyNP = let alla = table {Nom => "alla" ; Gen => "allas"} in - {s = \\c => alla ! npCase c ; g = Utr ; n = Pl} ; - SomebodyNP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "någon" Utr Masc) ; - NobodyNP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "ingen" Utr Masc) ; - EverythingNP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "allting" Neutr NoMasc) ; - SomethingNP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "någonting" Neutr NoMasc) ; - NothingNP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "ingenting" Neutr NoMasc) ; - - CanVV = mkVerb "kunna" "kan" "kunn" ** {isAux = True} ; --- - CanKnowVV = mkVerb "kunna" "kan" "kunn" ** {isAux = True} ; --- - MustVV = mkVerb "få" "måste" "få" ** {isAux = True} ; --- - WantVV = mkVerb "vilja" "vill" "vilj" ** {isAux = True} ; --- - - EverywhereNP = advPost "varstans" ; - SomewhereNP = advPost "någonstans" ; - NowhereNP = advPost "ingenstans" ; - - AlthoughSubj = ss "fast" ; - - AlmostAdv = ss "nästan" ; - QuiteAdv = ss "ganska" ; - - InPrep = ss "i" ; - OnPrep = ss "på" ; - ToPrep = ss "till" ; - ThroughPrep = ss "genom" ; - AbovePrep = ss "ovanför" ; - UnderPrep = ss "under" ; - InFrontPrep = ss "framför" ; - BehindPrep = ss "bakom" ; - BetweenPrep = ss "mellan" ; - FromPrep = ss "från" ; - BeforePrep = ss "före" ; - DuringPrep = ss "under" ; - AfterPrep = ss "efter" ; - WithPrep = ss "med" ; - WithoutPrep = ss "utan" ; - ByMeansPrep = ss "med" ; - PossessPrep = ss "av" ; - PartPrep = ss "av" ; - AgentPrep = ss "av" ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/SyntaxSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/SyntaxSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 57ed85a09..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/SyntaxSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1148 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Small Swedish Resource Syntax --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource grammar contains definitions needed to construct --- indicative, interrogative, and imperative sentences in Swedish. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource SyntaxSwe = MorphoSwe ** open Prelude, (CO = Coordination) in { - ---2 Common Nouns --- ---3 Simple common nouns - -oper - CommNoun : Type = {s : Number => Species => Case => Str ; g : Gender ; x : Sex} ; - --- When common nouns are extracted from lexicon, the composite noun form is ignored. --- But we have to indicate a sex. - extCommNoun : Sex -> Subst -> CommNoun = \x,sb -> - {s = \\n,b,c => sb.s ! SF n b c ; - g = sb.h1 ; - x = x} ; - --- These constants are used for data abstraction over the parameter type $Num$. - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - ---3 Common noun phrases - --- The need for this more complex type comes from the variation in the way in --- which a modifying adjective is inflected after different determiners: --- "(en) ful orm" / "(den) fula ormen" / "(min) fula orm". -param - SpeciesP = IndefP | DefP Species ; - --- We also have to be able to decide if a $CommNounPhrase$ is complex --- (to form the definite form: "bilen" / "den stora bilen"). - -oper - IsComplexCN : Type = Bool ; - --- Coercions between simple $Species$ and $SpeciesP$: - unSpeciesP : SpeciesP -> Species = \b -> - case b of {IndefP => Indef ; DefP p => p} ; -- bil/bil/bilen - unSpeciesAdjP : SpeciesP -> Species = \b -> - case b of {IndefP => Indef ; DefP _ => Def} ; -- gammal/gamla/gamla - --- Here's the type itself. - CommNounPhrase : Type = - {s : Number => SpeciesP => Case => Str ; - g : Gender ; x : Sex ; p : IsComplexCN} ; - --- To use a $CommNoun$ as $CommNounPhrase$. - noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \hus -> - {s = \\n,b,c => hus.s ! n ! unSpeciesP b ! c ; - g = hus.g ; x = hus.x ; p = False} ; - - n2n = noun2CommNounPhrase ; - - ---2 Noun Phrases --- --- The worst case for noun phrases is pronouns, which have inflection --- in (what is syntactically) their genitive. Most noun phrases can --- ignore this variation. - -oper - npCase : NPForm -> Case = \c -> case c of {PGen _ => Gen ; _ => Nom} ; - mkNPForm : Case -> NPForm = \c -> case c of {Gen => PGen APl ; _ => PNom} ; - - NounPhrase : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - --- Proper names are a simple kind of noun phrases. However, we want to --- anticipate the rule that proper names can be modified by --- adjectives, even though noun phrases in general cannot - hence the sex. - - ProperName : Type = {s : Case => Str ; g : Gender ; x : Sex} ; - - mkProperName : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> ProperName = \john,g,x -> - {s = table {Nom => john ; Gen => john + "s"} ; g = g ; x = x} ; - - nameNounPhrase : ProperName -> NounPhrase = - \john -> {s = table {c => john.s ! npCase c} ; g = john.g ; n = Sg} ; - - regNameNounPhrase : Str -> Gender -> Sex -> NounPhrase = \john,g,x -> - nameNounPhrase (mkProperName john g x) ; - - pronNounPhrase : ProPN -> NounPhrase = \jag -> - {s = jag.s ; g = jag.h1 ; n = jag.h2} ; - --- The following construction has to be refined for genitive forms: --- "vi tre", "oss tre" are OK, but "vår tres" is not. - - Numeral : Type = {s : Case => Str} ; - - pronWithNum : ProPN -> Numeral -> ProPN = \we,two -> - {s = \\c => we.s ! c ++ two.s ! npCase c ; - h1 = we.h1 ; - h2 = we.h2 ; - h3 = we.h3 - } ; - - noNum : Numeral = {s = \\_ => []} ; - --- Formal subjects - - npMan = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "man" Utr Masc) ; - npDet = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "det" Neutr NoMasc) ; - ---2 Determiners --- --- Determiners are inflected according to noun in gender and sex. --- The number and species of the noun are determined by the determiner. - - Determiner : Type = {s : Gender => Sex => Str ; n : Number ; b : SpeciesP} ; - --- This is the rule for building noun phrases. - - detNounPhrase : Determiner -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \en, man -> - {s = table {c => en.s ! man.g ! man.x ++ man.s ! en.n ! en.b ! npCase c} ; - g = man.g ; n = en.n} ; - --- The following macros are sufficient to define most determiners. --- All $SpeciesP$ values come into question: --- "en god vän" - "min gode vän" - "den gode vännen". - - DetSg : Type = Gender => Sex => Str ; - DetPl : Type = Str ; - - mkDeterminerSg : DetSg -> SpeciesP -> Determiner = \en, b -> - {s = en ; n = Sg ; b = b} ; - - mkDeterminerPl : DetPl -> SpeciesP -> Determiner = \alla,b -> - mkDeterminerPlNum alla b noNum ; - - mkDeterminerPlNum : DetPl -> SpeciesP -> Numeral -> Determiner = \alla,b,n -> - {s = \\_,_ => alla ++ n.s ! Nom ; - n = Pl ; - b = b - } ; - - detSgInvar : Str -> DetSg = \varje -> table {_ => table {_ => varje}} ; - --- A large class of determiners can be built from a gender-dependent table. - - mkDeterminerSgGender : (Gender => Str) -> SpeciesP -> Determiner = \en -> - mkDeterminerSg (table {g => table {_ => en ! g}}) ; - - mkDeterminerSgGender2 : Str -> Str -> SpeciesP -> Determiner = \en,ett -> - mkDeterminerSgGender (table {Utr => en ; Neutr => ett}) ; - --- Here are some examples. We are in fact doing some ad hoc morphology here, --- instead of importing the lexicon. - - varjeDet = mkDeterminerSg (detSgInvar "varje") IndefP ; - allaDet = mkDeterminerPl "alla" IndefP ; - enDet = mkDeterminerSgGender artIndef IndefP ; - - flestaDet = mkDeterminerPl ["de flesta"] IndefP ; - vilkenDet = mkDeterminerSgGender - (table {Utr => "vilken" ; Neutr => "vilket"}) IndefP ; - vilkaDet = mkDeterminerPl "vilka" IndefP ; - - vilkDet : Number -> Determiner = \n -> case n of { - Sg => vilkenDet ; - Pl => vilkaDet - } ; - - någDet : Number -> Determiner = \n -> case n of { - Sg => mkDeterminerSgGender - (table {Utr => "någon" ; Neutr => "något"}) IndefP ; - Pl => mkDeterminerPl "några" IndefP - } ; - - --- Genitives of noun phrases can be used like determiners, to build noun phrases. --- The number argument makes the difference between "min bil" - "mina bilar". - - npGenDet : Number -> Numeral -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,tre,huset,vin -> { - s = \\c => case n of { - Sg => huset.s ! PGen (ASg vin.g) ++ - vin.s ! Sg ! DefP Indef ! npCase c ; - Pl => huset.s ! PGen APl ++ tre.s ! Nom ++ - vin.s ! Pl ! DefP Indef ! npCase c - } ; - g = vin.g ; - n = n - } ; - --- *Bare plural noun phrases* like "män", "goda vänner", are built without a --- determiner word. But a $Numeral$ may occur. - - plurDet : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = plurDetNum noNum ; - - plurDetNum : Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \num,cn -> - {s = \\c => num.s ! Nom ++ cn.s ! Pl ! IndefP ! npCase c ; - g = cn.g ; - n = Pl - } ; - --- Definite phrases in Swedish are special, since determiner may be absent --- depending on if the noun is complex: "bilen" - "den nya bilen". - - denDet : CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \cn -> - detNounPhrase - (mkDeterminerSgGender (table {g => artDef ! cn.p ! ASg g}) (DefP Def)) cn ; - deDet : Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n,cn -> - detNounPhrase (mkDeterminerPlNum (artDef ! cn.p ! APl) (DefP Def) n) cn ; - --- It is useful to have macros for indefinite and definite, singular and plural --- noun-phrase-like syncategorematic expressions. - - indefNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n -> - indefNounPhraseNum n noNum ; - - indefNounPhraseNum : Number -> Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,num,hus -> - case n of { - Sg => detNounPhrase enDet hus ; - Pl => plurDetNum num hus - } ; - - defNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \n -> - defNounPhraseNum n noNum ; - - defNounPhraseNum : Number -> Numeral -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \n,num,hus -> case n of { - Sg => denDet hus ; - Pl => deDet num hus - } ; - - indefNoun : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Str = \n,man -> case n of { - Sg => artIndef ! man.g ++ man.s ! Sg ! IndefP ! Nom ; - Pl => man.s ! Pl ! IndefP ! Nom - } ; - --- Constructions like "tanken att två är jämnt" are formed at the --- first place as common nouns, so that one can also have "ett förslag att...". - - nounThatSentence : CommNounPhrase -> Sentence -> CommNounPhrase = \tanke,x -> - {s = \\n,d,c => tanke.s ! n ! d ! c ++ "att" ++ x.s ! Sub ; - g = tanke.g ; - x = tanke.x ; - p = tanke.p - } ; - - ---2 Adjectives ---3 Simple adjectives --- --- A special type of adjectives just having positive forms (for semantic reasons) --- is useful, e.g. "finsk", "trekantig". - - Adjective : Type = {s : AdjFormPos => Case => Str} ; - - extAdjective : Adj -> Adjective = \adj -> - {s = table {f => table {c => adj.s ! AF (Posit f) c}}} ; - --- Coercions between the compound gen-num type and gender and number: - - gNum : Gender -> Number -> GenNum = \g,n -> - case n of {Sg => ASg g ; Pl => APl} ; - - genGN : GenNum -> Gender = \gn -> - case gn of {ASg g => g ; _ => Utr} ; - numGN : GenNum -> Number = \gn -> - case gn of {ASg _ => Sg ; APl => Pl} ; - ---3 Adjective phrases --- --- An adjective phrase may contain a complement, e.g. "yngre än Rolf". --- Then it is used as postfix in modification, e.g. "en man yngre än Rolf". - - IsPostfixAdj = Bool ; - - AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ** {p : IsPostfixAdj} ; - --- Simple adjectives are not postfix: - - adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \ny -> ny ** {p = False} ; - ---3 Comparison adjectives - --- We take comparison adjectives directly from --- the lexicon, which has full adjectives: - - AdjDegr = Adj ; - --- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use: --- --- Positive forms are used alone, as adjectival phrases ("ung"). - - positAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \ung -> - {s = table {a => \\c => ung.s ! AF (Posit a) c} ; - p = False - } ; - --- Comparative forms are used with an object of comparison, as --- adjectival phrases ("yngre än Rolf"). - - comparAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \yngre,rolf -> - {s = \\_, c => yngre.s ! AF Compar Nom ++ "än" ++ rolf.s ! mkNPForm c ; - p = True - } ; - --- Superlative forms are used with a modified noun, picking out the --- maximal representative of a domain ("den yngste mannen"). - - superlNounPhrase : AdjDegr -> CommNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \yngst,man -> - {s = \\c => let {gn = gNum man.g Sg} in - artDef ! True ! gn ++ - yngst.s ! AF (Super SupWeak) Nom ++ - man.s ! Sg ! DefP Def ! npCase c ; - g = man.g ; - n = Sg - } ; - --- Moreover, superlatives can be used alone as adjectival phrases --- ("yngst", "den yngste" - in free variation). --- N.B. the former is only permitted in predicative position. - - superlAdjPhrase : AdjDegr -> AdjPhrase = \ung -> - {s = \\a,c => variants { - --- artDef ! True ! gn ++ yngst.s ! AF (Super SupWeak) c - ung.s ! AF (Super SupStrong) c - } ; - p = False - } ; - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- A two-place adjective is an adjective with a preposition used before --- the complement. (Rem. $Preposition = Str$). - - AdjCompl = Adjective ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - - complAdj : AdjCompl -> NounPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \förtjust,dig -> - {s = \\a,c => förtjust.s ! a ! c ++ förtjust.s2 ++ dig.s ! PAcc ; - p = True - } ; - - ---3 Modification of common nouns --- --- The two main functions of adjective are in predication ("Johan är ung") --- and in modification ("en ung man"). Predication will be defined --- later, in the chapter on verbs. - - modCommNounPhrase : AdjPhrase -> CommNounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \God,Nybil -> - {s = \\n, b, c => - let { - god = God.s ! mkAdjForm (unSpeciesAdjP b) n Nybil.g Nybil.x ! Nom ; - nybil = Nybil.s ! n ! b ! c - } in - preOrPost God.p nybil god ; - g = Nybil.g ; - x = Nybil.x ; - p = True} ; - --- A special case is modification of a noun that has not yet been modified. --- But it is simply a special case. - - modCommNoun : Adjective -> CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \god,bil -> - modCommNounPhrase (adj2adjPhrase god) (n2n bil) ; - --- We have used a straightforward --- method building adjective forms from simple parameters. - - mkAdjForm : Species -> Number -> Gender -> Sex -> AdjFormPos = \b,n,g,x -> - case of { - => Strong (ASg g) ; - => Strong APl ; - => Weak (AxSg x) ; ---- add masc! - => Weak AxPl - } ; - - ---2 Function expressions - --- A function expression is a common noun together with the --- preposition prefixed to its argument ("mor till x"). --- The type is analogous to two-place adjectives and transitive verbs. - - Function = CommNoun ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - - mkFun : CommNoun -> Preposition -> Function = \f,p -> - f ** {s2 = p} ; - --- The application of a function gives, in the first place, a common noun: --- "mor/mödrar till Johan". From this, other rules of the resource grammar --- give noun phrases, such as "modern till Johan", "mödrarna till Johan", --- "mödrarna till Johan och Maria", and "modern till Johan och Maria" (the --- latter two corresponding to distributive and collective functions, --- respectively). Semantics will eventually tell when each --- of the readings is meaningful. - - appFunComm : Function -> NounPhrase -> CommNounPhrase = \värde,x -> - noun2CommNounPhrase - {s = \\n,b => table { - Gen => nonExist ; - _ => värde.s ! n ! b ! Nom ++ värde.s2 ++ x.s ! PAcc - } ; - g = värde.g ; - x = värde.x - } ; - --- It is possible to use a function word as a common noun; the semantics is --- often existential or indexical. - - funAsCommNounPhrase : Function -> CommNounPhrase = - noun2CommNounPhrase ; - --- The following is an aggregate corresponding to the original function application --- producing "Johans mor" and "modern till Johan". It does not appear in the --- resource grammar API any longer. - - appFun : Bool -> Function -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \coll,värde,x -> - let {n = x.n ; nf = if_then_else Number coll Sg n} in - variants { - defNounPhrase nf (appFunComm värde x) ; - npGenDet nf noNum x (noun2CommNounPhrase värde) - } ; - --- Two-place functions add one argument place. - - Function2 = Function ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - --- Their application starts by filling the first place. - - appFun2 : Function2 -> NounPhrase -> Function = \flyg, paris -> - {s = \\n,d,c => flyg.s ! n ! d ! c ++ flyg.s2 ++ paris.s ! PAcc ; - g = flyg.g ; - x = flyg.x ; - s2 = flyg.s3 - } ; - - ---2 Verbs - --- Although the Swedish lexicon has full verb inflection, --- we have limited this first version of the resource syntax to --- verbs in present tense. Their mode can be infinitive, imperative, and indicative. - - ---3 Verb phrases --- --- Verb phrases are discontinuous: the parts of a verb phrase are --- (s) an inflected verb, (s2) verb adverbials (such as negation), and --- (s3) complement. This discontinuity is needed in sentence formation --- to account for word order variations. No particle needs to be retained. - - VerbPhrase : Type = {s : VForm => Str} ** - {s2 : Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str} ; - VerbGroup : Type = {s : VForm => Str} ** - {s2 : Bool => Str ; s3 : Gender => Number => Str} ; - - predVerbGroup : Bool -> VerbGroup -> VerbPhrase = \b,vg -> { - s = vg.s ; - s2 = vg.s2 ! b ; - s3 = vg.s3 - } ; - --- A simple verb can be made into a verb phrase with an empty complement. --- There are two versions, depending on if we want to negate the verb. --- N.B. negation is *not* a function applicable to a verb phrase, since --- double negations with "inte" are not grammatical. - - predVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \se -> - {s = se.s ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => se.s1 - } ; - - negation : Bool => Str = \\b => if_then_Str b [] "inte" ; - --- Verb phrases can also be formed from adjectives ("är snäll"), --- common nouns ("är en man"), and noun phrases ("är den yngste mannen"). --- The third rule is overgenerating: "är varje man" has to be ruled out --- on semantic grounds. - - predAdjective : Adjective -> VerbGroup = \arg -> - verbVara ** { - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\g,n => arg.s ! mkAdjForm Indef n g NoMasc ! Nom - } ; - - predCommNoun : CommNounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \man -> - verbVara ** { - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,n => indefNoun n man - } ; - - predNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \john -> - verbVara ** { - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => john.s ! PNom - } ; - - predAdverb : Adverb -> VerbGroup = \ute -> - verbVara ** { - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => ute.s - } ; - ---3 Transitive verbs --- --- Transitive verbs are verbs with a preposition for the complement, --- in analogy with two-place adjectives and functions. --- One might prefer to use the term "2-place verb", since --- "transitive" traditionally means that the inherent preposition is empty. --- Such a verb is one with a *direct object*. - - TransVerb : Type = Verb ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - - mkTransVerb : Verb -> Preposition -> TransVerb = \v,p -> - v ** {s2 = p} ; - - mkDirectVerb : Verb -> TransVerb = \v -> - mkTransVerb v nullPrep ; - - nullPrep : Preposition = [] ; - - extTransVerb : Verbum -> Preposition -> TransVerb = - \v -> mkTransVerb (extVerb Act v) ; - --- The rule for using transitive verbs is the complementization rule: - - complTransVerb : TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \se,dig -> - {s = se.s ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => se.s1 ++ se.s2 ++ dig.s ! PAcc - } ; - --- Transitive verbs with accusative objects can be used passively. --- The function does not check that the verb is transitive. --- Therefore, the function can also be used for "han löps", etc. --- The syntax is the same as for active verbs, with the choice of the --- "s" passive form. - - passVerb : Verb -> VerbGroup = \se -> ---- passive not yet - {s = table {VPres m _ => se.s ! VPres m Pass} ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => se.s1 - } ; - --- Transitive verbs can be used elliptically as verbs. The semantics --- is left to applications. The definition is trivial, due to record --- subtyping. - - transAsVerb : TransVerb -> Verb = \love -> - love ; - --- *Ditransitive verbs* are verbs with three argument places. --- We treat so far only the rule in which the ditransitive --- verb takes both complements to form a verb phrase. - - DitransVerb = TransVerb ** {s3 : Preposition} ; - - mkDitransVerb : Verb -> Preposition -> Preposition -> DitransVerb = \v,p1,p2 -> - v ** {s2 = p1 ; s3 = p2} ; - - complDitransVerb : - DitransVerb -> NounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> VerbGroup = \ge,dig,vin -> - {s = ge.s ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => ge.s1 ++ ge.s2 ++ dig.s ! PAcc ++ ge.s3 ++ vin.s ! PAcc - } ; - - ---2 Adverbials --- --- Adverbials that modify verb phrases are either post- or pre-verbal. --- As a rule of thumb, simple adverbials ("bra","alltid") are pre-verbal, --- but this is not always the case ("här" is post-verbal). - - Adverb : Type = SS ** {isPost : Bool} ; - - advPre : Str -> Adverb = \alltid -> ss alltid ** {isPost = False} ; - advPost : Str -> Adverb = \bra -> ss bra ** {isPost = True} ; - - adVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Adverb -> VerbPhrase = \spelar, bra -> - let {postp = bra.isPost} in - { - --- this unfortunately generates VP#2 ::= VP#2 - s = spelar.s ; - s2 = (if_then_else Str postp [] bra.s) ++ spelar.s2 ; - s3 = \\g,n => spelar.s3 ! g ! n ++ (if_then_else Str postp bra.s []) - } ; - - advAdjPhrase : SS -> AdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \mycket, dyr -> - {s = \\a,c => mycket.s ++ dyr.s ! a ! c ; - p = dyr.p - } ; - --- Adverbials are typically generated by prefixing prepositions. --- The rule for creating locative noun phrases by the preposition "i" --- is a little shaky: "i Sverige" but "på Island". - - prepPhrase : Preposition -> NounPhrase -> Adverb = \i,huset -> - advPost (i ++ huset.s ! PAcc) ; - - locativeNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Adverb = - prepPhrase "i" ; - --- This is a source of the "mannen med teleskopen" ambiguity, and may produce --- strange things, like "bilar alltid" (while "bilar idag" is OK). --- Semantics will have to make finer distinctions among adverbials. - - advCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase -> Adverb -> CommNounPhrase = \bil,idag -> - {s = \\n, b, c => bil.s ! n ! b ! c ++ idag.s ; - g = bil.g ; - x = bil.x ; - p = bil.p} ; - - ---2 Sentences --- --- Sentences depend on a *word order parameter* selecting between main clause, --- inverted, and subordinate clause. - -param - Order = Main | Inv | Sub ; - -oper - Sentence : Type = SS1 Order ; - --- This is the traditional $S -> NP VP$ rule. It takes care of both --- word order and agreement. - - predVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Sentence = - \Jag, serdiginte -> - let { - jag = Jag.s ! PNom ; - ser = serdiginte.s ! VPres Indicat Act ; - dig = serdiginte.s3 ! Jag.g ! Jag.n ; - inte = serdiginte.s2 - } in - {s = table { - Main => jag ++ ser ++ inte ++ dig ; - Inv => ser ++ jag ++ inte ++ dig ; - Sub => jag ++ inte ++ ser ++ dig - } - } ; - - ---3 Sentence-complement verbs --- --- Sentence-complement verbs take sentences as complements. - - SentenceVerb : Type = Verb ; - - complSentVerb : SentenceVerb -> Sentence -> VerbGroup = \se,duler -> - {s = se.s ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\_,_ => se.s1 ++ optStr "att" ++ duler.s ! Main - } ; - ---3 Verb-complement verbs --- --- Verb-complement verbs take verb phrases as complements. --- They can be auxiliaries ("kan", "måste") or ordinary verbs --- ("försöka"); this distinction cannot be done in the multilingual --- API and leads to some anomalies in Swedish, but less so than in English. - - VerbVerb : Type = Verb ** {isAux : Bool} ; - - complVerbVerb : VerbVerb -> VerbGroup -> VerbGroup = \vilja, simma -> - {s = vilja.s ; - s2 = negation ; - s3 = \\g,n => - vilja.s1 ++ - if_then_Str vilja.isAux [] "att" ++ - simma.s ! VPres Infinit Act ++ simma.s2 ! True ++ simma.s3 ! g ! n - } ; - - ---2 Sentences missing noun phrases --- --- This is one instance of Gazdar's *slash categories*, corresponding to his --- $S/NP$. --- We cannot have - nor would we want to have - a productive slash-category former. --- Perhaps a handful more will be needed. --- --- Notice that the slash category has the same relation to sentences as --- transitive verbs have to verbs: it's like a *sentence taking a complement*. - - SentenceSlashNounPhrase : Type = Sentence ** {s2 : Preposition} ; - - slashTransVerb : Bool -> NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase = - \b, Jag, se -> - let { - jag = Jag.s ! PNom ; - ser = se.s ! VPres Indicat Act ; - inte = negation ! b ++ se.s1 - } in - {s = table { - Main => jag ++ ser ++ inte ; - Inv => ser ++ jag ++ inte ; - Sub => jag ++ inte ++ ser - } ; - s2 = se.s2 - } ; - - ---2 Relative pronouns and relative clauses --- --- Relative pronouns can be nominative, accusative, or genitive, and --- they depend on gender and number just like adjectives. --- Moreover they may or may not carry their own genders: for instance, --- "som" just transmits the gender of a noun ("tal som är primt"), whereas --- "vars efterföljare" is $Utrum$ independently of the noun --- ("tal vars efterföljare är prim"). --- This variation is expressed by the $RelGender$ type. - - RelPron : Type = {s : RelCase => GenNum => Str ; g : RelGender} ; - -param - RelGender = RNoGen | RG Gender ; - --- The following functions are selectors for relative-specific parameters. - -oper - -- this will be needed in "tal som är jämnt" / "tal vars efterföljare är jämn" - mkGenderRel : RelGender -> Gender -> Gender = \rg,g -> case rg of { - RG gen => gen ; - _ => g - } ; - - relCase : RelCase -> Case = \c -> case c of { - RGen => Gen ; - _ => Nom - } ; - --- The simplest relative pronoun has no gender of its own. As accusative variant, --- it has the omission of the pronoun ("mannen (som) jag ser"). - - identRelPron : RelPron = - {s = table { - RNom => \\_ => "som" ; - RAcc => \\_ => variants {"som" ; []} ; - RGen => \\_ => "vars" ; - RPrep => pronVilken - } ; - g = RNoGen - } ; - --- Composite relative pronouns have the same variation as function --- applications ("efterföljaren till vilket" - "vars efterföljare"). - - funRelPron : Function -> RelPron -> RelPron = \värde,vilken -> - {s = \\c,gn => - variants { - vilken.s ! RGen ! gn ++ värde.s ! numGN gn ! Indef ! relCase c ; - värde.s ! numGN gn ! Def ! Nom ++ värde.s2 ++ vilken.s ! RPrep ! gn - } ; - g = RG värde.g - } ; - --- Relative clauses can be formed from both verb phrases ("som sover") and --- slash expressions ("som jag ser"). The latter has moreover the variation --- as for the place of the preposition ("som jag talar om" - "om vilken jag talar"). - - RelClause : Type = {s : GenNum => Str} ; - - relVerbPhrase : RelPron -> VerbPhrase -> RelClause = \som,sover -> - {s = \\gn => - som.s ! RNom ! gn ++ sover.s2 ++ sover.s ! VPres Indicat Act ++ - sover.s3 ! mkGenderRel som.g (genGN gn) ! numGN gn - } ; - - relSlash : RelPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> RelClause = \som,jagTalar -> - {s = \\gn => - let {jagtalar = jagTalar.s ! Sub ; om = jagTalar.s2} in - variants { - som.s ! RAcc ! gn ++ jagtalar ++ om ; - om ++ som.s ! RPrep ! gn ++ jagtalar - } - } ; - --- A 'degenerate' relative clause is the one often used in mathematics, e.g. --- "tal x sådant att x är primt". - - relSuch : Sentence -> RelClause = \A -> - {s = \\g => pronSådan ! g ++ "att" ++ A.s ! Sub} ; - --- The main use of relative clauses is to modify common nouns. --- The result is a common noun, out of which noun phrases can be formed --- by determiners. - - modRelClause : CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> CommNounPhrase = \man,somsover -> - {s = \\n,b,c => man.s ! n ! b ! c ++ somsover.s ! gNum man.g n ; - g = man.g ; - x = man.x ; - p = False - } ; - --- N.B. we do not get the determinative pronoun --- construction "den man som sover" in this way, but only "mannen som sover". --- Thus we need an extra rule: - - detRelClause : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> RelClause -> NounPhrase = - \n,man,somsover -> - {s = \\c => let {gn = gNum man.g n} in - artDef ! True ! gn ++ - man.s ! n ! DefP Indef ! npCase c ++ somsover.s ! gn ; - g = man.g ; - n = n - } ; - - ---2 Interrogative pronouns --- --- If relative pronouns are adjective-like, interrogative pronouns are --- noun-phrase-like. Actually we can use the very same type! - - IntPron : Type = NounPhrase ; - --- In analogy with relative pronouns, we have a rule for applying a function --- to a relative pronoun to create a new one. We can reuse the rule applying --- functions to noun phrases! - - funIntPron : Function -> IntPron -> IntPron = - appFun False ; - --- There is a variety of simple interrogative pronouns: --- "vilken bil", "vem", "vad". - - nounIntPron : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> IntPron = \n -> - detNounPhrase (vilkDet n) ; - - intPronWho : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = table { - PGen _ => "vems" ; - _ => "vem" - } ; - g = Utr ; - n = num - } ; - - intPronWhat : Number -> IntPron = \num -> { - s = table { - PGen _ => nonExist ; --- - _ => "vad" - } ; - n = num ; - g = Neutr - } ; - ---2 Utterances - --- By utterances we mean whole phrases, such as --- 'can be used as moves in a language game': indicatives, questions, imperative, --- and one-word utterances. The rules are far from complete. --- --- N.B. we have not included rules for texts, which we find we cannot say much --- about on this level. In semantically rich GF grammars, texts, dialogues, etc, --- will of course play an important role as categories not reducible to utterances. --- An example is proof texts, whose semantics show a dependence between premises --- and conclusions. Another example is intersentential anaphora. - - Utterance = SS ; - - indicUtt : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> postfixSS "." (defaultSentence x) ; - interrogUtt : Question -> Utterance = \x -> postfixSS "?" (defaultQuestion x) ; - - ---2 Questions --- --- Questions are either direct ("vem tog bollen") or indirect --- ("vem som tog bollen"). - -param - QuestForm = DirQ | IndirQ ; - -oper - Question = SS1 QuestForm ; - ---3 Yes-no questions --- --- Yes-no questions are used both independently ("tog du bollen") --- and after interrogative adverbials ("varför tog du bollen"). --- It is economical to handle with these two cases by the one --- rule, $questVerbPhrase'$. The only difference is if "om" appears --- in the indirect form. - - questVerbPhrase : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - questVerbPhrase' False ; - - questVerbPhrase' : Bool -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \adv,du,sover -> - let {dusover = (predVerbPhrase du sover).s} in - {s = table { - DirQ => dusover ! Inv ; - IndirQ => (if_then_else Str adv [] "om") ++ dusover ! Sub - } - } ; - ---3 Wh-questions --- --- Wh-questions are of two kinds: ones that are like $NP - VP$ sentences, --- others that are line $S/NP - NP$ sentences. - - intVerbPhrase : IntPron -> VerbPhrase -> Question = \vem,sover -> - let {vemsom : NounPhrase = - {s = \\c => vem.s ! c ++ "som" ; g = vem.g ; n = vem.n} - } in - {s = table { - DirQ => (predVerbPhrase vem sover).s ! Main ; - IndirQ => (predVerbPhrase vemsom sover).s ! Sub - } - } ; - - intSlash : IntPron -> SentenceSlashNounPhrase -> Question = \Vem, jagTalar -> - let { - vem = Vem.s ! PAcc ; - jagtalar = jagTalar.s ! Sub ; - talarjag = jagTalar.s ! Inv ; - om = jagTalar.s2 - } in - {s = table { - DirQ => variants { - vem ++ talarjag ++ om ; - om ++ vem ++ talarjag - } ; - IndirQ => variants { - vem ++ jagtalar ++ om ; - om ++ vem ++ jagtalar - } - } - } ; - ---3 Interrogative adverbials --- --- These adverbials will be defined in the lexicon: they include --- "när", "var", "hur", "varför", etc, which are all invariant one-word --- expressions. In addition, they can be formed by adding prepositions --- to interrogative pronouns, in the same way as adverbials are formed --- from noun phrases. N.B. we rely on record subtyping when ignoring the --- position component. - - IntAdverb = SS ; - - prepIntAdverb : Preposition -> IntPron -> IntAdverb = - prepPhrase ; - --- A question adverbial can be applied to anything, and whether this makes --- sense is a semantic question. - - questAdverbial : IntAdverb -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Question = - \hur, du, mår -> - {s = \\q => hur.s ++ (questVerbPhrase' True du mår).s ! q} ; - - ---2 Imperatives --- --- We only consider second-person imperatives. - - Imperative = SS1 Number ; - - imperVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \titta -> - {s = \\n => titta.s ! VPres Imperat Act ++ titta.s2 ++ titta.s3 ! Utr ! n} ; - - imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I -> - ss (I.s ! n ++ "!") ; - ---2 Sentence adverbials --- --- This class covers adverbials such as "annars", "därför", which are prefixed --- to a sentence to form a phrase. - - advSentence : SS -> Sentence -> Utterance = \annars,soverhan -> - ss (annars.s ++ soverhan.s ! Inv ++ ".") ; - - ---2 Coordination --- --- Coordination is to some extent orthogonal to the rest of syntax, and --- has been treated in a generic way in the module $CO$ in the file --- $coordination.gf$. The overall structure is independent of category, --- but there can be differences in parameter dependencies. --- ---3 Conjunctions --- --- Coordinated phrases are built by using conjunctions, which are either --- simple ("och", "eller") or distributed ("både - och", "antingen - eller"). --- --- The conjunction has an inherent number, which is used when conjoining --- noun phrases: "John och Mary är rika" vs. "John eller Mary är rik"; in the --- case of "eller", the result is however plural if any of the disjuncts is. - - Conjunction = CO.Conjunction ** {n : Number} ; - ConjunctionDistr = CO.ConjunctionDistr ** {n : Number} ; - - ---3 Coordinating sentences --- --- We need a category of lists of sentences. It is a discontinuous --- category, the parts corresponding to 'init' and 'last' segments --- (rather than 'head' and 'tail', because we have to keep track of the slot between --- the last two elements of the list). A list has at least two elements. - - ListSentence : Type = {s1,s2 : Order => Str} ; - - twoSentence : (_,_ : Sentence) -> ListSentence = - CO.twoTable Order ; - - consSentence : ListSentence -> Sentence -> ListSentence = - CO.consTable Order CO.comma ; - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a simple conjunction, we place --- it between the last two elements; commas are put in the other slots, --- e.g. "månen lyser, solen skiner och stjärnorna blinkar". - - conjunctSentence : Conjunction -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctTable Order ; - - conjunctOrd : Bool -> Conjunction -> CO.ListTable Order -> {s : Order => Str} = - \b,or,xs -> - {s = \\p => xs.s1 ! p ++ or.s ++ xs.s2 ! p} ; - - --- To coordinate a list of sentences by a distributed conjunction, we place --- the first part (e.g. "antingen") in front of the first element, the second --- part ("eller") between the last two elements, and commas in the other slots. --- For sentences this is really not used. - - conjunctDistrSentence : ConjunctionDistr -> ListSentence -> Sentence = - CO.conjunctDistrTable Order ; - ---3 Coordinating adjective phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is a prefix adjective --- if and only if all elements are prefix. - - ListAdjPhrase : Type = - {s1,s2 : AdjFormPos => Case => Str ; p : Bool} ; - - twoAdjPhrase : (_,_ : AdjPhrase) -> ListAdjPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable2 AdjFormPos Case x y ** {p = andB x.p y.p} ; - consAdjPhrase : ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase -> ListAdjPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable2 AdjFormPos Case CO.comma xs x ** {p = andB xs.p x.p} ; - - conjunctAdjPhrase : Conjunction -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable2 AdjFormPos Case c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - conjunctDistrAdjPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListAdjPhrase -> AdjPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable2 AdjFormPos Case c xs ** {p = xs.p} ; - - ---3 Coordinating noun phrases --- --- The structure is the same as for sentences. The result is either always plural --- or plural if any of the components is, depending on the conjunction. --- The gender is neuter if any of the components is. - - ListNounPhrase : Type = {s1,s2 : NPForm => Str ; g : Gender ; n : Number} ; - - twoNounPhrase : (_,_ : NounPhrase) -> ListNounPhrase = \x,y -> - CO.twoTable NPForm x y ** {n = conjNumber x.n y.n ; g = conjGender x.g y.g} ; - - consNounPhrase : ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase -> ListNounPhrase = \xs,x -> - CO.consTable NPForm CO.comma xs x ** - {n = conjNumber xs.n x.n ; g = conjGender xs.g x.g} ; - - conjunctNounPhrase : Conjunction -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; g = xs.g} ; - - conjunctDistrNounPhrase : ConjunctionDistr -> ListNounPhrase -> NounPhrase = - \c,xs -> - CO.conjunctDistrTable NPForm c xs ** {n = conjNumber c.n xs.n ; g = xs.g} ; - --- We hve to define a calculus of numbers of genders. For numbers, --- it is like the conjunction with $Pl$ corresponding to $False$. For genders, --- $Neutr$ corresponds to $False$. - - conjNumber : Number -> Number -> Number = \m,n -> case of { - => Sg ; - _ => Pl - } ; - - conjGender : Gender -> Gender -> Gender = \m,n -> case of { - => Utr ; - _ => Neutr - } ; - - ---2 Subjunction --- --- Subjunctions ("om", "när", etc) --- are a different way to combine sentences than conjunctions. --- The main clause can be a sentences, an imperatives, or a question, --- but the subjoined clause must be a sentence. --- --- There are uniformly two variant word orders, e.g. "om du sover kommer björnen" --- and "björnen kommer om du sover". - - Subjunction = SS ; - - subjunctSentence : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Sentence -> Sentence = \if, A, B -> - let {As = A.s ! Sub} in - {s = table { - Main => variants {if.s ++ As ++ "," ++ B.s ! Inv ; - B.s ! Main ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As} ; - o => B.s ! o ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As - } - } ; - - subjunctImperative : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Imperative -> Imperative = - \if, A, B -> - {s = \\n => subjunctVariants if A (B.s ! n)} ; - - subjunctQuestion : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Question -> Question = \if, A, B -> - {s = \\q => subjunctVariants if A (B.s ! q)} ; - - subjunctVariants : Subjunction -> Sentence -> Str -> Str = \if,A,B -> - let {As = A.s ! Sub} in - variants {if.s ++ As ++ "," ++ B ; B ++ "," ++ if.s ++ As} ; - - subjunctVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> Subjunction -> Sentence -> VerbPhrase = - \V, if, A -> - adVerbPhrase V (advPost (if.s ++ A.s ! Sub)) ; - ---2 One-word utterances --- --- An utterance can consist of one phrase of almost any category, --- the limiting case being one-word utterances. These --- utterances are often (but not always) in what can be called the --- default form of a category, e.g. the nominative. --- This list is far from exhaustive. - - useNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> Utterance = \john -> - postfixSS "." (defaultNounPhrase john) ; - useCommonNounPhrase : Number -> CommNounPhrase -> Utterance = \n,car -> - useNounPhrase (indefNounPhrase n car) ; - --- Here are some default forms. - - defaultNounPhrase : NounPhrase -> SS = \john -> - ss (john.s ! PNom) ; - - defaultQuestion : Question -> SS = \whoareyou -> - ss (whoareyou.s ! DirQ) ; - - defaultSentence : Sentence -> Utterance = \x -> ss (x.s ! Main) ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TestResourceSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TestResourceSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 22ac6c56d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TestResourceSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,51 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete TestResourceSwe of TestResource = StructuralSwe ** open SyntaxSwe, ParadigmsSwe in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=text ; unlexer=text ; - --- a random sample from the lexicon - -lin - Big = stor_25 ; - Small = liten_1146 ; - Old = gammal_16 ; - Young = ung_29 ; - American = extAdjective (aFin "amerikansk") ; - Finnish = extAdjective (aFin "finsk") ; - Happy = aFin "lycklig" ; - Married = extAdjective (aAbstrakt "gift") ** {s2 = "med"} ; - Man = extCommNoun masculine man_1144 ; - Bar = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sSak "bar") ; - Bottle = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sApa "flask") ; - Woman = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sApa "kvinn") ; - Car = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sBil "bil") ; - House = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sHus "hus") ; - Light = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sHus "ljus") ; - Wine = extCommNoun nonmasculine (sParti "vin") ; - Walk = extVerb active gå_1174 ; - Run = extVerb active (vFinna "spring" "sprang" "sprung") ; - Drink = extTransVerb (vFinna "drick" "drack" "druck") [] ; - Love = extTransVerb (vTala "älsk") [] ; - Send = extTransVerb (vTala "skick") [] ; - Wait = extTransVerb (vTala "vänt") "på" ; - Give = extTransVerb (vFinna "giv" "gav" "giv") [] ** {s3 = "till"} ; --- ge - Prefer = extTransVerb (vFinna "föredrag" "föredrog" "föredrag") [] ** - {s3 = "framför"} ; --- föredra - - Say = extVerb active (vLeka "säg") ; --- works in present tense... - Prove = extVerb active (vTala "bevis") ; - SwitchOn = mkDirectVerb (extVerbPart active (vFinna "sätt" "satte" "satt") "på") ; - SwitchOff = mkDirectVerb (extVerbPart active (vLeka "stäng") "av") ; - - Mother = mkFun (extCommNoun nonmasculine mor_1**{lock_N = <>}) "till" ; - Uncle = mkFun (extCommNoun masculine farbror_8 **{lock_N = <>}) "till" ; - Connection = mkFun (extCommNoun nonmasculine (sVarelse "förbindelse")**{lock_N = <>}) "från" ** - {s3 = "till"} ; - - Always = advPre "alltid" ; - Well = advPost "bra" ; - - John = mkProperName "Johan" utrum masculine ; - Mary = mkProperName "Maria" utrum nonmasculine ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TypesSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TypesSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 60e0bb7fa..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.6/swedish/TypesSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,161 +0,0 @@ ---1 Swedish Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for Swedish morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Swedish. It is aimed --- to be complete w.r.t. the description of word forms. --- However, it does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. --- --- This GF grammar was obtained from the functional morphology file TypesSw.hs --- semi-automatically. The GF inflection engine obtained was obtained automatically. - -resource TypesSwe = open Prelude in { - --- - ---2 Enumerated parameter types --- --- These types are the ones found in school grammars. --- Their parameter values are atomic. - -param - Gender = Utr | Neutr ; - Number = Sg | Pl ; - Species = Indef | Def ; - Case = Nom | Gen ; - Sex = NoMasc | Masc ; - Mode = Ind | Cnj ; - Voice = Act | Pass ; - Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ; - Person = P1 | P2 | P3 ; - ---2 Word classes and hierarchical parameter types --- --- Real parameter types (i.e. ones on which words and phrases depend) --- are mostly hierarchical. The alternative would be cross-products of --- simple parameters, but this would usually overgenerate. --- - ---3 Substantives --- --- Substantives (= common nouns) have a parameter of type SubstForm. - -param SubstForm = SF Number Species Case ; - --- Substantives moreover have an inherent gender. - -oper Subst : Type = {s : SubstForm => Str ; h1 : Gender} ; - ---3 Adjectives --- --- Adjectives are a very complex class, and the full table has as many as --- 18 different forms. The major division is between the comparison degrees; --- the comparative has only the 2 case forms, whereas the positive has 12 forms. - -param - AdjForm = AF AdjFormGrad Case ; - --- The positive strong forms depend on gender: "en stor bil" - "ett stort hus". --- But the weak forms depend on sex: "den stora bilen" - "den store mannen". --- The plural never makes a gender-sex distinction. - - GenNum = ASg Gender | APl ; - SexNum = AxSg Sex | AxPl ; - - AdjFormPos = Strong GenNum | Weak SexNum ; - AdjFormSup = SupStrong | SupWeak ; - - AdjFormGrad = - Posit AdjFormPos - | Compar - | Super AdjFormSup ; - -oper - Adj : Type = {s : AdjForm => Str} ; - - adverbForm : AdjFormPos = Strong (ASg Neutr) ; - ---3 Verbs --- --- Verbs have 9 finite forms and as many as 18 infinite forms; the large number --- of the latter comes from adjectives. - -oper Verbum : Type = {s : VerbForm => Str} ; - -param - VFin = - Pres Mode Voice - | Pret Mode Voice - | Imper ; --- no passive - - VInf = - Inf Voice - | Supin Voice - | PtPres Case - | PtPret AdjFormPos Case ; - - VerbForm = - VF VFin - | VI VInf ; - --- However, the syntax only needs a simplified verb category, with --- present tense only. Such a verb can be extracted from the full verb, --- and a choice can be made between an active and a passive (deponent) verb. --- Active verbs continue to have passive forms. But we add an extra field $s1$ --- for a verb particle, as e.g. in "se upp". - -param - VMode = Infinit | Indicat | Imperat ; - VForm = VPres VMode Voice ; - -oper - Verb : Type = {s : VForm => Str ; s1 : Str} ; - - extVerbPart : Voice -> Verbum -> Str -> Verb = \v,verb,upp -> {s = table { - VPres Infinit v => verb.s ! VI (Inf v) ; - VPres Indicat v => verb.s ! VF (Pres Ind v) ; - VPres Imperat Act => verb.s ! VF Imper ; - VPres Imperat Pass => verb.s ! VF (Pres Ind Pass) --- no passive in Verbum - } ; - s1 = upp - } ; - - extVerb : Voice -> Verbum -> Verb = \v,verb -> - extVerbPart v verb [] ; - ---3 Other open classes --- --- Proper names, adverbs (Adv having comparison forms and AdvIn not having them), --- and interjections are the remaining open classes. - -oper - PNm : Type = {s : Case => Str ; h1 : Gender} ; - Adv : Type = {s : Degree => Str} ; - AdvInv : Type = {s : Str} ; - Interj : Type = {s : Str} ; - ---3 Closed classes --- --- The rest of the Swedish word classes are closed, i.e. not extensible by new --- lexical entries. Thus we don't have to know how to build them, but only --- how to use them, i.e. which parameters they have. --- --- The most important distinction is between proper-name-like pronouns and --- adjective-like pronouns, which are inflected in completely different parameters. - -param - NPForm = PNom | PAcc | PGen GenNum ; - AdjPronForm = APron GenNum Case ; - AuxVerbForm = AuxInf | AuxPres | AuxPret | AuxSup ; - -oper - ProPN : Type = {s : NPForm => Str ; h1 : Gender ; h2 : Number ; h3 : Person} ; - ProAdj : Type = {s : AdjPronForm => Str} ; - Prep : Type = {s : Str} ; - Conjunct : Type = {s : Str} ; - Subjunct : Type = {s : Str} ; - Art : Type = {s : GenNum => Str} ; - Part : Type = {s : Str} ; - Infin : Type = {s : Str} ; - VAux : Type = {s : AuxVerbForm => Str} ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/Basic.txt b/lib/resource-0.9/Basic.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 0130ff369..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/Basic.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,195 +0,0 @@ -airplane_N -answer_V2S -apartment_N -apple_N -art_N -ask_V2Q -baby_N -bad_ADeg -bank_N -beautiful_ADeg -become_VA -beer_N -beg_VV -be_V -big_ADeg -bike_N -bird_N -black_ADeg -blue_ADeg -boat_N -book_N -boot_N -boss_N -boy_N -bread_N -break_V2 -broad_ADeg -brother_N2 -brown_ADeg -butter_N -buy_V2 -camera_N -cap_N -car_N -carpet_N -cat_N -ceiling_N -chair_N -cheese_N -child_N -church_N -city_N -clean_ADeg -clever_ADeg -close_V2 -coat_N -cold_ADeg -come_V -computer_N -country_N -cousin_N -cow_N -die_V -dirty_ADeg -doctor_N -dog_N -door_N -drink_V2 -eat_V2 -enemy_N -factory_N -father_N2 -fear_VS -find_V2 -fish_N -floor_N -forget_V2 -fridge_N -friend_N -fruit_N -garden_N -girl_N -glove_N -gold_N -good_ADeg -go_V -green_ADeg -harbour_N -hate_V2 -hat_N -have_V2 -hear_V2 -hill_N -hope_VS -horse_N -hot_ADeg -house_N -important_ADeg -industry_N -iron_N -king_N -know_V2 -lake_N -lamp_N -learn_V2 -leather_N -leave_V2 -like_V2 -listen_V2 -live_V -long_ADeg -lose_V2 -love_N -love_V2 -man_N -meat_N -milk_N -moon_N -mother_N2 -mountain_N -music_N -narrow_ADeg -new_ADeg -newspaper_N -oil_N -old_ADeg -open_V2 -paper_N -peace_N -pen_N -planet_N -plastic_N -play_V2 -policeman_N -priest_N -queen_N -radio_N -read_V2 -red_ADeg -religion_N -restaurant_N -river_N -rock_N -roof_N -rubber_N -run_V -say_VS -school_N -science_N -sea_N -seek_V2 -see_V2 -sell_V3 -send_V3 -sheep_N -ship_N -shirt_N -shoe_N -shop_N -short_ADeg -silver_N -sister_N -sleep_V -small_ADeg -snake_N -sock_N -speak_V2 -star_N -steel_N -stone_N -stove_N -student_N -stupid_ADeg -sun_N -switch8off_V2 -switch8on_V2 -table_N -teacher_N -teach_V2 -television_N -thick_ADeg -thin_ADeg -train_N -travel_V -tree_N ---trousers_N -ugly_ADeg -understand_V2 -university_N -village_N -wait_V2 -walk_V -warm_ADeg -war_N -watch_V2 -water_N -white_ADeg -window_N -wine_N -win_V2 -woman_N -wood_N -write_V2 -yellow_ADeg -young_ADeg diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/LICENSE b/lib/resource-0.9/LICENSE deleted file mode 100644 index 5b6e7c66c..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/LICENSE +++ /dev/null @@ -1,340 +0,0 @@ - GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE - Version 2, June 1991 - - Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA - Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies - of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. - - Preamble - - The licenses for most software are designed to take away your -freedom to share and change it. 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If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General -Public License instead of this License. diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/Makefile b/lib/resource-0.9/Makefile deleted file mode 100644 index 01bce8269..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/Makefile +++ /dev/null @@ -1,5 +0,0 @@ -all: - gf +RTS -K10M -M1012M False - "" -> False - _ -> True - --- remove tailing comments - -remTail s = case s of - '-':'-':_ -> [] - c:cs -> c : remTail cs - _ -> s - --- postfix with category - -postfix p s = takeWhile (not . isSpace) s ++ "_" ++ p - --- make fun rule - -mkFun s = - let (w,p) = span (/='_') s in - " " ++ s ++ " : " ++ tail p ++ " ;" - --- make regular lin rule - -mkLin s = - let (w,p) = span (/='_') s in - " " ++ s ++ " = " ++ lin (tail p) w ++ " ;" - where - lin cat w = case cat of - "V2" -> "dirV2 (regV" ++ " \"" ++ w ++ "\")" - 'V':_ -> "mk" ++ cat ++ " (regV" ++ " \"" ++ w ++ "\")" - _ -> "reg" ++ cat ++ " \"" ++ w ++ "\"" - --- normalize identifiers in Structural - -mkIdent s = case words s of - w:ws -> if obsolete w then "" - else " " ++ (unwords $ mkId (update w) : ws) - _ -> s - where - mkId name@(c:cs) = - let - (x,y) = span isCat cs - in - toLower c : clean x ++ "_" ++ new y - isCat = flip notElem "PDNVCAIS" - clean x = case span isLower x of - (_,[]) -> x - (u,v) -> u ++ "8" ++ map toLower v - new y = case y of - "NumDet" -> "NDet" - _ -> y - obsolete w = elem w $ words "TheseNumNP ThoseNumNP NobodyNP NeitherNor NoDet AnyDet" - update w = case w of - "EitherOr" -> "EitherOrConjD" - "BothAnd" -> "BothAndConjD" - "PhrYes" -> "YesPhr" - "PhrNo" -> "NoPhr" - "WeNumNP" -> "WeNP" - "YeNumNP" -> "YeNP" - "HowManyDet" -> "HowManyIDet" - "MostsDet" -> "MostManyDet" - "WhichDet" -> "WhichOneIDet" - "WhichNDet" -> "WhichManyIDet" - "EverywhereNP" -> "EverywhereAdv" - "SomewhereNP" -> "SomewhereAdv" - "AgentPrep" -> "By8agentPrep" - _ -> w - --- massage French verbs 9/2/2005 - -freVerb s = case words s of - v:_ -> " " ++ v ++ " : " ++ cat v ++ " ;" - _ -> [] - where - cat v = dropWhile (not . isUpper) v - --- Swedish verbs 17/2 - -sweVerb s = case words s of - ('v':a:u:[]):verb:_ -> "fun " ++ verb ++ " : V ;\n" ++ - "lin " ++ verb ++ " = " ++ infl a u verb ++ " ;" - _ -> [] - where - infl a u verb = - let - (dne,geb) = span isConsonant $ tail $ reverse verb - (beg,voc,end) = (reverse (tail geb), head geb, reverse dne) - (pret,sup) = (beg++ [toLower a] ++end, beg++ [toLower u] ++ end ++"it") - in - unwords ["irregV", prQuot verb, prQuot pret, prQuot sup] - -prQuot s = "\"" ++ s ++ "\"" - -isConsonant = not . isVowel - -isVowel = flip elem "aeiouyäöå" - --- Norwegian 13/3 - -groupLines :: [String] -> [String] -groupLines ss = [unwords [a, b, c] | [a,_,b,c,_] <- grps ss] where - grps ls = let (g,rest) = splitAt 5 ls in g:grps rest - -lin2fun s = case words s of - _:fun:_:_ -> " fun " ++ fun ++ " : " ++ cat fun ++ " ;" - _ -> s - where - cat fun = reverse (takeWhile (/='_') (reverse fun)) - --- filter from a given file those lines whose first word is in a sought-set - -allThose :: [String] -> [String] -> [String] -allThose soughts givens = concatMap seek soughts where - seek w = let s = [line | line <- givens, w':_ <- [words line], w == w'] - in if null s then ["-- " ++ w] else s - --- do this with files --- example: getAllThose "abstract/Mtmp" "english/BasicEng.gf" - -getAllThose :: FilePath -> FilePath -> IO () -getAllThose sought given = do - s <- readFile sought - gi <- readFile given - let so = [w | l <- lines s, w:_ <- [words l]] - mapM_ putStrLn $ allThose so $ lines gi diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/MkResource.gfs b/lib/resource-0.9/MkResource.gfs deleted file mode 100644 index 30525b663..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/MkResource.gfs +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -i finnish/LangFin.gf -s -i french/LangFre.gf -i italian/LangIta.gf -i spanish/LangSpa.gf -s -i norwegian/LangNor.gf -i swedish/LangSwe.gf -s -i english/LangEng.gf -s -pm | wf langs.gfcm diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/README b/lib/resource-0.9/README deleted file mode 100644 index 0c114eb88..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/README +++ /dev/null @@ -1,27 +0,0 @@ -23/1/2005 -- 21/12/2005 - -GF Resource Grammar Library Version 0.9 - -The contents of this directory are open source software -under GNU General Public License (See LICENCE). - -Authors (c): Janna Khegai (Russian), Aarne Ranta. - -For more information, see doc/gf-resource.html. - -To compile a gfcm package, type 'make'. Then open the resource -with either of - - gf langs.gfcm - - gfeditor langs.gfcm - -VERSION NOTICE: this resource grammar library is at the moment of -writing the most complete one. It supersedes and includes -v 0.6 (../resource-0.6) in all other respects except that -it is not implemented for German. - -HOWEVER, this library is no longer developed, but the -development has been moved to v 1.0 (../resource-1.0). -V 1.0 will replace v 0.9 during Winter and Spring 2006. - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Basic.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Basic.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5b35cf8ac..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Basic.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,223 +0,0 @@ -abstract Basic = Categories ** { - fun - airplane_N : N ; - answer_V2S : V2S ; - apartment_N : N ; - apple_N : N ; - art_N : N ; - ask_V2Q : V2Q ; - baby_N : N ; - bad_ADeg : ADeg ; - bank_N : N ; - beautiful_ADeg : ADeg ; - become_VA : VA ; - beer_N : N ; - beg_V2V : V2V ; - big_ADeg : ADeg ; - bike_N : N ; - bird_N : N ; - black_ADeg : ADeg ; - blue_ADeg : ADeg ; - boat_N : N ; - book_N : N ; - boot_N : N ; - boss_N : N ; - boy_N : N ; - bread_N : N ; - break_V2 : V2 ; - broad_ADeg : ADeg ; - brother_N2 : N2 ; - brown_ADeg : ADeg ; - butter_N : N ; - buy_V2 : V2 ; - camera_N : N ; - cap_N : N ; - car_N : N ; - carpet_N : N ; - cat_N : N ; - ceiling_N : N ; - chair_N : N ; - cheese_N : N ; - child_N : N ; - church_N : N ; - city_N : N ; - clean_ADeg : ADeg ; - clever_ADeg : ADeg ; - close_V2 : V2 ; - coat_N : N ; - cold_ADeg : ADeg ; - come_V : V ; - computer_N : N ; - country_N : N ; - cousin_N : N ; - cow_N : N ; - die_V : V ; - dirty_ADeg : ADeg ; - distance_N3 : N3 ; - doctor_N : N ; - dog_N : N ; - door_N : N ; - drink_V2 : V2 ; - easy_A2V : A2V ; - eat_V2 : V2 ; - enemy_N : N ; - empty_ADeg : ADeg ; - factory_N : N ; - father_N2 : N2 ; - fear_VS : VS ; - find_V2 : V2 ; - fish_N : N ; - floor_N : N ; - forget_V2 : V2 ; - fridge_N : N ; - friend_N : N ; - fruit_N : N ; - fun_AV : AV ; - garden_N : N ; - girl_N : N ; - glove_N : N ; - gold_N : N ; - good_ADeg : ADeg ; - go_V : V ; - green_ADeg : ADeg ; - harbour_N : N ; - hate_V2 : V2 ; - hat_N : N ; - have_V2 : V2 ; - hear_V2 : V2 ; - hill_N : N ; - hope_VS : VS ; - horse_N : N ; - hot_ADeg : ADeg ; - house_N : N ; - important_ADeg : ADeg ; - industry_N : N ; - iron_N : N ; - king_N : N ; - know_V2 : V2 ; - lake_N : N ; - lamp_N : N ; - learn_V2 : V2 ; - leather_N : N ; - leave_V2 : V2 ; - like_V2 : V2 ; - listen_V2 : V2 ; - live_V : V ; - long_ADeg : ADeg ; - lose_V2 : V2 ; - love_N : N ; - love_V2 : V2 ; - man_N : N ; - married_A2 : A2 ; - meat_N : N ; - milk_N : N ; - moon_N : N ; - mother_N2 : N2 ; - mountain_N : N ; - music_N : N ; - narrow_ADeg : ADeg ; - new_ADeg : ADeg ; - newspaper_N : N ; - oil_N : N ; - old_ADeg : ADeg ; - open_V2 : V2 ; - paint_V2A : V2A ; - paper_N : N ; - peace_N : N ; - pen_N : N ; - planet_N : N ; - plastic_N : N ; - play_V2 : V2 ; - policeman_N : N ; - priest_N : N ; - probable_AS : AS ; - queen_N : N ; - radio_N : N ; - rain_V0 : V0 ; - read_V2 : V2 ; - red_ADeg : ADeg ; - religion_N : N ; - restaurant_N : N ; - river_N : N ; - rock_N : N ; - roof_N : N ; - rubber_N : N ; - run_V : V ; - say_VS : VS ; - school_N : N ; - science_N : N ; - sea_N : N ; - seek_V2 : V2 ; - see_V2 : V2 ; - sell_V3 : V3 ; - send_V3 : V3 ; - sheep_N : N ; - ship_N : N ; - shirt_N : N ; - shoe_N : N ; - shop_N : N ; - short_ADeg : ADeg ; - silver_N : N ; - sister_N : N ; - sleep_V : V ; - small_ADeg : ADeg ; - snake_N : N ; - sock_N : N ; - speak_V2 : V2 ; - star_N : N ; - steel_N : N ; - stone_N : N ; - stove_N : N ; - student_N : N ; - stupid_ADeg : ADeg ; - sun_N : N ; - switch8off_V2 : V2 ; - switch8on_V2 : V2 ; - table_N : N ; - talk_V3 : V3 ; - teacher_N : N ; - teach_V2 : V2 ; - television_N : N ; - thick_ADeg : ADeg ; - thin_ADeg : ADeg ; - train_N : N ; - travel_V : V ; - tree_N : N ; ----- trousers_N : N ; - ugly_ADeg : ADeg ; - understand_V2 : V2 ; - university_N : N ; - village_N : N ; - wait_V2 : V2 ; - walk_V : V ; - warm_ADeg : ADeg ; - war_N : N ; - watch_V2 : V2 ; - water_N : N ; - white_ADeg : ADeg ; - window_N : N ; - wine_N : N ; - win_V2 : V2 ; - woman_N : N ; - wonder_VQ : VQ ; - wood_N : N ; - write_V2 : V2 ; - yellow_ADeg : ADeg ; - young_ADeg : ADeg ; - - do_V2 : V2 ; - now_Adv : Adv ; - already_Adv : Adv ; - song_N : N ; - add_V3 : V3 ; - number_N : N ; - put_V2 : V2 ; - stop_V : V ; - jump_V : V ; - here_Adv : Adv ; - here7to_Adv : Adv ; - here7from_Adv : Adv ; - there_Adv : Adv ; - there7to_Adv : Adv ; - there7from_Adv : Adv ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Categories.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Categories.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 30cad89d5..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Categories.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,190 +0,0 @@ ---1 Abstract Syntax Categories for Multilingual Resource Grammar --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2004 --- --- Although concrete syntax differs a lot between different languages, --- many structures can be treated as common, on the level --- of abstraction that GF provides. --- What we will present in the following is a linguistically oriented abstract --- syntax that has been successfully defined for the following languages: --- ---* $Eng$lish ---* $Fin$nish ---* $Fre$nch ---* $Ger$man ---* $Ita$lian ---* $Rus$sian ---* $Swe$dish --- --- The three-letter prefixes are used in file names all over the resource --- grammar library; we refer to them commonly as $X$ below. ---! --- The grammar has been applied to define language --- fragments on technical or near-to-technical domains: database queries, --- video recorder dialogue systems, software specifications, and a --- health-related phrase book. Each new application helped to identify some --- missing structures in the resource and suggested some additions, but the --- number of required additions was usually small. --- --- To use the resource in applications, you need the following --- $cat$ and $fun$ rules in $oper$ form, completed by taking the --- $lincat$ and $lin$ judgements of a particular language. This is done --- by using, instead of this module, the $reuse$ module which has the name --- $ResourceX$. It is located in the subdirectory --- $lib/resource/lang$ where $lang$ is the full name of the language. - - -abstract Categories = PredefAbs ** { ---! ---2 Categories --- --- The categories of this resource grammar are mostly 'standard' categories --- of linguistics. Their is no claim that they correspond to semantic categories --- definable in type theory: to define such correspondences is the business --- of applications grammars. In general, the correspondence between linguistic --- and semantic categories is many-to-many. --- --- Categories that may look special are $A2$, $N2$, and $V2$. They are all --- instances of endowing another category with a complement, which can be either --- a direct object (whose case may vary) or a prepositional phrase. Prepositional --- phrases that are not complements belong to the category --- $Adv$ of adverbs. --- --- In each group below, some categories are *lexical* in the sense of only --- containing atomic elements. These elements are not necessarily expressed by --- one word in all languages; the essential thing is that they have no --- constituents. Thus they have no productions in this part of the --- resource grammar. The $ParadigmsX$ grammars provide ways of defining --- lexical elements. --- --- Lexical categories are listed before other categories --- in each group and divided by an empty line. - ---! ---3 Nouns and noun phrases --- - -cat - N ; -- simple common noun, e.g. "car" - CN ; -- common noun phrase, e.g. "red car", "car that John owns" - N2 ; -- function word, e.g. "mother (of)" - N3 ; -- two-place function, e.g. "flight (from) (to)" - - PN ; -- proper name, e.g. "John", "New York" - NP ; -- noun phrase, e.g. "John", "all cars", "you" - Det ; -- determiner, e.g. "every", "many" - NDet ; -- det that admits a num, e.g. "all (the 5)" - Num ; -- numeral, e.g. "three", "879" - ---! ---3 Adjectives and adjectival phrases --- - - A ; -- one-place adjective, e.g. "even" - A2 ; -- two-place adjective, e.g. "divisible (by)" - ADeg ; -- degree adjective, e.g. "big/bigger/biggest" - - AP ; -- adjective phrase, e.g. "divisible by two", "bigger than John" - --- The difference between $A$ and $ADeg$ is that the former has no --- comparison forms. - ---! ---3 Verbs and verb phrases --- - - V ; -- one-place verb, e.g. "walk" - V2 ; -- two-place verb, e.g. "love", "wait (for)", "switch on" - V3 ; -- three-place verb, e.g. "give", "prefer (stg) (to stg)" - VS ; -- sentence-compl. verb, e.g. "say", "prove" - VV ; -- verb-compl. verb, e.g. "can", "want" - - VP ; -- verb phrase, e.g. "switch the light on" - VPI ; -- infinitive verb phrase e.g. "switch the light on", "not have run" - VCl ; -- same (variable ant.) e.g. "walk"/"have walked" - ---! ---3 Adverbs and prepositions/cases --- - - Adv ; -- sentence adverb e.g. "now", "in the house" - AdV ; -- verb adverb e.g. "always" - AdA ; -- ad-adjective e.g. "very" - AdC ; -- conjoining adverb e.g. "therefore", "otherwise" - PP ; -- prepositional phrase e.g. "in London" - Prep ; -- pre/postposition, case e.g. "after", Adessive - ---! ---3 Sentences and relative clauses --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - S ; -- sentence (fixed tense) e.g. "John walks", "John walked" - Cl ; -- clause (variable tense) e.g. "John walks"/"John walked" - Slash ; -- sentence without NP, e.g. "John waits for (...)" - RP ; -- relative pronoun, e.g. "which", "the mother of whom" - RCl ; -- relative clause, e.g. "who walks", "that I wait for" - ---! ---3 Questions and imperatives --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - IP ; -- interrogative pronoun, e.g. "who", "whose mother", "which car" - IDet ; -- interrog. determiner, e.g. "which", "how many" - IAdv ; -- interrogative adverb., e.g. "when", "why" - QCl ; -- question, e.g. "who walks" - QS ; -- question w. fixed tense - Imp ; -- imperative, e.g. "walk!" - ---! ---3 Coordination and subordination --- - - Conj ; -- conjunction, e.g. "and" - ConjD ; -- distributed conj. e.g. "both - and" - Subj ; -- subjunction, e.g. "if", "when" - - ListS ; -- list of sentences - ListAP ; -- list of adjectival phrases - ListNP ; -- list of noun phrases - ListAdv ;-- list of adverbs - ---! ---3 Complete utterances --- --- This group has no lexical categories. - - Phr ; -- full phrase, e.g. "John walks.","Who walks?", "Wait for me!" - Text ; -- sequence of phrases e.g. "One is odd. Therefore, two is even." - ----- next - - V2A ; -- paint the house red - V2V ; -- promise John to come / ask John to come - V2S ; -- tell John that it is raining - VQ ; -- ask who comes - V2Q ; -- ask John who comes - VA ; -- look yellow - - V0 ; -- (it) rains - - AS ; -- (it is) important that he comes - A2S ; -- (it is) important for me that he comes - AV ; -- difficult to play - A2V ; -- difficult for him to play - --- NB: it is difficult to play the sonata --- vs. it (the sonata) is difficult to play - ---- also: John is easy (for you) to please vs. John is eager to please - - - RS ; -- relative clause with fixed tense and polarity - - TP ; -- tense x polarity selector - Tense ; -- (abstract) tense - Ant ; -- (abstract) anteriority - Pol ; -- polarity (positive or negative) - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Clause.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Clause.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ff43b3bc6..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Clause.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,145 +0,0 @@ ---! ---1 Rules for predication forming clauses --- --- This module treats predications in a shallow way, without right-branching --- $VP$ structures. This has the disadvantage of duplicating rules but the --- advantage of fast parsing due to elimination of discontinuous --- constituents. Also the canonical GF structures (in $.gfc$) files --- get smaller, because much more pruning of case alternatives can --- be performed at compile time. --- --- Each of the rules below has the following structure: --- --- "Subject -> Verb -> Complements -> Clause" --- --- What complements are needed depends on the type of the verb. --- For instance, $V$ takes no complement, $V2$ takes one $NP$ --- complement, $VS$ takes an $S$ complement, etc. There is an elegant --- way of expressing this using dependent types: --- - -- (v : VType) -> Subj -> Verb v -> Compl v -> Clause --- --- Since there are 12 verb types in our category system, using this --- rule would be economical. The effect is amplified by another --- distinction that the rules make: there are separate sets of --- rules just differing in what type the subject and --- the resulting clause have. There are four different types: --- ---* $SPred$ (declarative clause, from $NP$ to $Cl$), ---* $QPred$ (interrogative clause, from $IP$ to $QCl$), ---* $RPred$ (relative clause, from $RP$ to $RCl$), ---* $IPred$ (infinitive clause, from no subject to $VCl$). --- --- The ultimate dependent type formalization of all the 4x12 rules is --- - -- (n : NType) -> (v : VType) -> Subj n -> Verb v -> Compl v -> Clause n --- --- In the following, however, an expanded set of rules with no --- dependent types is shown. - -abstract Clause = Categories ** { - -fun - SPredV : NP -> V -> Cl ; -- "John walks" - SPredPassV : NP -> V -> Cl ; -- "John is seen" - SPredV2 : NP -> V2 -> NP -> Cl ; -- "John sees Mary" - SPredV3 : NP -> V3 -> NP -> NP -> Cl ; -- "John tells Mary everything" - SPredReflV2 : NP -> V2 -> Cl ; -- "John loves himself" - SPredVS : NP -> VS -> S -> Cl ; -- "John says that Mary runs" - SPredVV : NP -> VV -> VPI -> Cl ; -- "John must walk" - SPredVQ : NP -> VQ -> QS -> Cl ; -- "John asks who will come" - SPredVA : NP -> VA -> AP -> Cl ; -- "John looks ill" - SPredV2A : NP -> V2A -> NP -> AP -> Cl ; -- "John paints the house red" - SPredSubjV2V : NP -> V2V -> NP -> VPI -> Cl ; -- "John promises Mary to leave" - SPredObjV2V : NP -> V2V -> NP -> VPI -> Cl ; -- "John asks me to come" - SPredV2S : NP -> V2S -> NP -> S -> Cl ; -- "John told me that it is good" - SPredV2Q : NP -> V2Q -> NP -> QS -> Cl ; -- "John asked me if it is good" - - SPredAP : NP -> AP -> Cl ; -- "John is old" - SPredCN : NP -> CN -> Cl ; -- "John is a man" - SPredNP : NP -> NP -> Cl ; -- "John is Bill" - SPredAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl ; -- "John is in France" - - SPredProgVP : NP -> VPI -> Cl ; -- "he is eating" - - QPredV : IP -> V -> QCl ; -- "who walks" - QPredPassV : IP -> V -> QCl ; -- "who is seen" - QPredV2 : IP -> V2 -> NP -> QCl ; -- "who sees Mary" - QPredV3 : IP -> V3 -> NP -> NP -> QCl ; -- "who gives Mary food" - QPredReflV2 : IP -> V2 -> QCl ; -- "who loves himself" - QPredVS : IP -> VS -> S -> QCl ; -- "who says that Mary runs" - QPredVV : IP -> VV -> VPI -> QCl ; -- "who must walk" - QPredVQ : IP -> VQ -> QS -> QCl ; -- "who asks who will come" - QPredVA : IP -> VA -> AP -> QCl ; -- "who looks ill" - QPredV2A : IP -> V2A -> NP ->AP ->QCl ; -- "who paints the house red" - QPredSubjV2V : IP -> V2V -> NP ->VPI ->QCl ; -- "who promises Mary to leave" - QPredObjV2V : IP -> V2V -> NP -> VPI -> QCl ; -- "who asks me to come" - QPredV2S : IP -> V2S -> NP -> S -> QCl ; -- "who told me that it is good" - QPredV2Q : IP -> V2Q -> NP -> QS -> QCl ; -- "who asked me if it is good" - - QPredAP : IP -> AP -> QCl ; -- "who is old" - QPredCN : IP -> CN -> QCl ; -- "who is a man" - QPredNP : IP -> NP -> QCl ; -- "who is Bill" - QPredAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl ; -- "who is in France" - - QPredProgVP : IP -> VPI -> QCl ; -- "who is eating" - - RPredV : RP -> V -> RCl ; -- "who walks" - RPredPassV : RP -> V -> RCl ; -- "who is seen" - RPredV2 : RP -> V2 -> NP -> RCl ; -- "who sees Mary" - RPredV3 : RP -> V3 -> NP -> NP -> RCl ; -- "who gives Mary food" - RPredReflV2 : RP -> V2 -> RCl ; -- "who loves himself" - RPredVS : RP -> VS -> S -> RCl ; -- "who says that Mary runs" - RPredVV : RP -> VV -> VPI -> RCl ; -- "who must walk" - RPredVQ : RP -> VQ -> QS -> RCl ; -- "who asks who will come" - RPredVA : RP -> VA -> AP -> RCl ; -- "who looks ill" - RPredV2A : RP -> V2A -> NP -> AP -> RCl ; -- "who paints the house red" - RPredSubjV2V : RP -> V2V -> NP -> VPI -> RCl ; -- "who promises Mary to leave" - RPredObjV2V : RP -> V2V -> NP -> VPI -> RCl ; -- "who asks me to come" - RPredV2S : RP -> V2S -> NP -> S -> RCl ; -- "who told me that it is good" - RPredV2Q : RP -> V2Q -> NP -> QS -> RCl ; -- "who asked me if it is good" - - RPredAP : RP -> AP -> RCl ; -- "who is old" - RPredCN : RP -> CN -> RCl ; -- "who is a man" - RPredNP : RP -> NP -> RCl ; -- "who is Bill" - RPredAdv : RP -> Adv -> RCl ; -- "who is in France" - - RPredProgVP : RP -> VPI -> RCl ; -- "who is eating" - - IPredV : V -> VCl ; -- "walk" - IPredPassV : V -> VCl ; -- "be seen" - IPredV2 : V2 -> NP -> VCl ; -- "see Mary" - IPredV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VCl ; -- "give Mary food" - IPredReflV2 : V2 -> VCl ; -- "love himself" - IPredVS : VS -> S -> VCl ; -- "say that Mary runs" - IPredVV : VV -> VPI -> VCl ; -- "want to walk" - IPredVQ : VQ -> QS -> VCl ; -- "ask who will come" - IPredVA : VA -> AP -> VCl ; -- "look ill" - IPredV2A : V2A -> NP -> AP -> VCl ; -- "paint the house red" - IPredSubjV2V : V2V -> NP -> VPI -> VCl ; -- "promise Mary to leave" - IPredObjV2V : V2V -> NP -> VPI -> VCl ; -- "ask me to come" - IPredV2S : V2S -> NP -> S -> VCl ; -- "tell me that it is good" - IPredV2Q : V2Q -> NP -> QS -> VCl ; -- "ask me if it is good" - - IPredAP : AP -> VCl ; -- "be old" - IPredCN : CN -> VCl ; -- "be a man" - IPredNP : NP -> VCl ; -- "be Bill" - IPredAdv : Adv -> VCl ; -- "be in France" - - IPredProgVP : VPI -> VCl ; -- "be eating" - - -{- --- These rules *use* verb phrases. - - PredVP : NP -> VP -> Cl ; -- "John walks" - RelVP : RP -> VP -> RCl ; -- "who walks", "who doesn't walk" - IntVP : IP -> VP -> QCl ; -- "who walks" - - PosVP, NegVP : Ant -> VP -> VPI ; -- to eat, not to eat - - AdvVP : VP -> AdV -> VP ; -- "always walks" - SubjVP : VP -> Subj -> S -> VP ; -- "(a man who) sings when he runs" --} - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index fb8fb3b3e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,111 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -incomplete concrete ClauseI of Clause = open Rules, Verbphrase in { - - flags optimize=all_subs ; - - lin - - SPredV np v = PredVP np (UseV v) ; - SPredPassV np v = PredVP np (UsePassV v) ; - SPredV2 np v x = PredVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - SPredV3 np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - SPredReflV2 np v = PredVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - SPredVS np v x = PredVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - SPredVV np v x = PredVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - SPredVQ np v x = PredVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - SPredVA np v x = PredVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - SPredV2A np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - SPredSubjV2V np v x y = PredVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - SPredObjV2V np v x y = PredVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - SPredV2S np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - SPredV2Q np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - SPredAP np v = PredVP np (PredAP v) ; - SPredCN np v = PredVP np (PredCN v) ; - SPredNP np v = PredVP np (PredNP v) ; - SPredAdv np v = PredVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - SPredProgVP np vp = PredVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - QPredV np v = IntVP np (UseV v) ; - QPredPassV np v = IntVP np (UsePassV v) ; - QPredV2 np v x = IntVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - QPredV3 np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - QPredReflV2 np v = IntVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - QPredVS np v x = IntVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - QPredVV np v x = IntVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - QPredVQ np v x = IntVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - QPredVA np v x = IntVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - QPredV2A np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - QPredSubjV2V np v x y = IntVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - QPredObjV2V np v x y = IntVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - QPredV2S np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - QPredV2Q np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - QPredAP np v = IntVP np (PredAP v) ; - QPredCN np v = IntVP np (PredCN v) ; - QPredNP np v = IntVP np (PredNP v) ; - QPredAdv np v = IntVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - QPredProgVP np vp = IntVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - RPredV np v = RelVP np (UseV v) ; - RPredPassV np v = RelVP np (UsePassV v) ; - RPredV2 np v x = RelVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - RPredV3 np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - RPredReflV2 np v = RelVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - RPredVS np v x = RelVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - RPredVV np v x = RelVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - RPredVQ np v x = RelVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - RPredVA np v x = RelVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - RPredV2A np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - RPredSubjV2V np v x y = RelVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - RPredObjV2V np v x y = RelVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - RPredV2S np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - RPredV2Q np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - RPredAP np v = RelVP np (PredAP v) ; - RPredCN np v = RelVP np (PredCN v) ; - RPredNP np v = RelVP np (PredNP v) ; - RPredAdv np v = RelVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - RPredProgVP np vp = RelVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - IPredV v = UseVP (UseV v) ; - IPredV2 v x = UseVP (ComplV2 v x) ; - IPredPassV v = UseVP (UsePassV v) ; - IPredV3 v x y = UseVP (ComplV3 v x y) ; - IPredReflV2 v = UseVP (ComplReflV2 v) ; - IPredVS v x = UseVP (ComplVS v x) ; - IPredVV v x = UseVP (ComplVV v x) ; - IPredVQ v x = UseVP (ComplVQ v x) ; - IPredVA v x = UseVP (ComplVA v x) ; - IPredV2A v x y = UseVP (ComplV2A v x y) ; - IPredSubjV2V v x y = UseVP (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - IPredObjV2V v x y = UseVP (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - IPredV2S v x y = UseVP (ComplV2S v x y) ; - IPredV2Q v x y = UseVP (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - IPredAP v = UseVP (PredAP v) ; - IPredCN v = UseVP (PredCN v) ; - IPredNP v = UseVP (PredNP v) ; - IPredAdv v = UseVP (PredAdv v) ; - - IPredProgVP vp = UseVP (PredProgVP vp) ; - -{- --- Use VPs - - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - - - PosVP tp = predVerbGroup True tp.a ; - NegVP tp = predVerbGroup False tp.a ; - - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; --} - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClausePredI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClausePredI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 58c283658..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClausePredI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,113 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -incomplete concrete ClausePredI of Clause = open Predic in { - - flags optimize=all ; - - lin - - SPredV np v = SPredVerb Vt_ np (UseV1 v) ComplNil ; - SPredV2 np v x = SPredVerb (Vt CtN) np (UseV2 v) (ComplNP x) ; ----- SPredV3 np v x y = SPredVerb (VtN CtN) np (UseV3 v) (ComplAdd (Vt CtN) x (ComplNP y)) ; ----- SPredVS np v x = SPredVerb (Vt CtS) np (UseVS v) (ComplS x) ; - --- SPredPassV np v = PredVP np (UsePassV v) ; --- SPredReflV2 np v = PredVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; -{- - SPredVV np v x = PredVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - SPredVQ np v x = PredVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - SPredVA np v x = PredVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - SPredV2A np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - SPredSubjV2V np v x y = PredVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - SPredObjV2V np v x y = PredVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - SPredV2S np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - SPredV2Q np v x y = PredVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - SPredAP np v = PredVP np (PredAP v) ; - SPredCN np v = PredVP np (PredCN v) ; - SPredNP np v = PredVP np (PredNP v) ; - SPredAdv np v = PredVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - SPredProgVP np vp = PredVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - QPredV np v = IntVP np (UseV v) ; - QPredPassV np v = IntVP np (UsePassV v) ; - QPredV2 np v x = IntVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - QPredV3 np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - QPredReflV2 np v = IntVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - QPredVS np v x = IntVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - QPredVV np v x = IntVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - QPredVQ np v x = IntVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - QPredVA np v x = IntVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - QPredV2A np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - QPredSubjV2V np v x y = IntVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - QPredObjV2V np v x y = IntVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - QPredV2S np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - QPredV2Q np v x y = IntVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - QPredAP np v = IntVP np (PredAP v) ; - QPredCN np v = IntVP np (PredCN v) ; - QPredNP np v = IntVP np (PredNP v) ; - QPredAdv np v = IntVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - QPredProgVP np vp = IntVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - RPredV np v = RelVP np (UseV v) ; - RPredPassV np v = RelVP np (UsePassV v) ; - RPredV2 np v x = RelVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - RPredV3 np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - RPredReflV2 np v = RelVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - RPredVS np v x = RelVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - RPredVV np v x = RelVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - RPredVQ np v x = RelVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - RPredVA np v x = RelVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - RPredV2A np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - RPredSubjV2V np v x y = RelVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - RPredObjV2V np v x y = RelVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - RPredV2S np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - RPredV2Q np v x y = RelVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - RPredAP np v = RelVP np (PredAP v) ; - RPredCN np v = RelVP np (PredCN v) ; - RPredNP np v = RelVP np (PredNP v) ; - RPredAdv np v = RelVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - RPredProgVP np vp = RelVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - IPredV v = UseVP (UseV v) ; - IPredV2 v x = UseVP (ComplV2 v x) ; - IPredPassV v = UseVP (UsePassV v) ; - IPredV3 v x y = UseVP (ComplV3 v x y) ; - IPredReflV2 v = UseVP (ComplReflV2 v) ; - IPredVS v x = UseVP (ComplVS v x) ; - IPredVV v x = UseVP (ComplVV v x) ; - IPredVQ v x = UseVP (ComplVQ v x) ; - IPredVA v x = UseVP (ComplVA v x) ; - IPredV2A v x y = UseVP (ComplV2A v x y) ; - IPredSubjV2V v x y = UseVP (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - IPredObjV2V v x y = UseVP (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - IPredV2S v x y = UseVP (ComplV2S v x y) ; - IPredV2Q v x y = UseVP (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - IPredAP v = UseVP (PredAP v) ; - IPredCN v = UseVP (PredCN v) ; - IPredNP v = UseVP (PredNP v) ; - IPredAdv v = UseVP (PredAdv v) ; - - IPredProgVP vp = UseVP (PredProgVP vp) ; --} -{- --- Use VPs - - IntVP = intVerbPhrase ; - RelVP = relVerbPhrase ; - - - PosVP tp = predVerbGroup True tp.a ; - NegVP tp = predVerbGroup False tp.a ; - - AdvVP = adVerbPhrase ; - SubjVP = subjunctVerbPhrase ; --} - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseVP.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseVP.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 46faa937b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/ClauseVP.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,114 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -abstract ClauseVP = Rules, Clause, Verbphrase ** { - - fun - trCl : Cl -> Cl ; - trQCl : QCl -> QCl ; - trRCl : RCl -> RCl ; - trVCl : VCl -> VCl ; - - def - trCl (SPredV np v) = PredVP np (UseV v) ; - trCl (SPredPassV np v) = PredVP np (UsePassV v) ; - trCl (SPredV2 np v x) = PredVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - trCl (SPredV3 np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - trCl (SPredReflV2 np v) = PredVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - trCl (SPredVS np v x) = PredVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - trCl (SPredVV np v x) = PredVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - trCl (SPredVQ np v x) = PredVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - trCl (SPredVA np v x) = PredVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - trCl (SPredV2A np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - trCl (SPredSubjV2V np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - trCl (SPredObjV2V np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - trCl (SPredV2S np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - trCl (SPredV2Q np v x y) = PredVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - trCl (SPredAP np v) = PredVP np (PredAP v) ; - trCl (SPredCN np v) = PredVP np (PredCN v) ; - trCl (SPredNP np v) = PredVP np (PredNP v) ; - trCl (SPredAdv np v) = PredVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - trCl (SPredProgVP np vp) = PredVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - trQCl (QPredV np v) = IntVP np (UseV v) ; - trQCl (QPredPassV np v) = IntVP np (UsePassV v) ; - trQCl (QPredV2 np v x) = IntVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - trQCl (QPredV3 np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - trQCl (QPredReflV2 np v) = IntVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - trQCl (QPredVS np v x) = IntVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - trQCl (QPredVV np v x) = IntVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - trQCl (QPredVQ np v x) = IntVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - trQCl (QPredVA np v x) = IntVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - trQCl (QPredV2A np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - trQCl (QPredSubjV2V np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - trQCl (QPredObjV2V np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - trQCl (QPredV2S np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - trQCl (QPredV2Q np v x y) = IntVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - trQCl (QPredAP np v) = IntVP np (PredAP v) ; - trQCl (QPredCN np v) = IntVP np (PredCN v) ; - trQCl (QPredNP np v) = IntVP np (PredNP v) ; - trQCl (QPredAdv np v) = IntVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - trQCl (QPredProgVP np vp) = IntVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - trRCl (RPredV np v) = RelVP np (UseV v) ; - trRCl (RPredPassV np v) = RelVP np (UsePassV v) ; - trRCl (RPredV2 np v x) = RelVP np (ComplV2 v x) ; - trRCl (RPredV3 np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplV3 v x y) ; - trRCl (RPredReflV2 np v) = RelVP np (ComplReflV2 v) ; - trRCl (RPredVS np v x) = RelVP np (ComplVS v x) ; - trRCl (RPredVV np v x) = RelVP np (ComplVV v x) ; - trRCl (RPredVQ np v x) = RelVP np (ComplVQ v x) ; - trRCl (RPredVA np v x) = RelVP np (ComplVA v x) ; - trRCl (RPredV2A np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplV2A v x y) ; - trRCl (RPredSubjV2V np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - trRCl (RPredObjV2V np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - trRCl (RPredV2S np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplV2S v x y) ; - trRCl (RPredV2Q np v x y) = RelVP np (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - trRCl (RPredAP np v) = RelVP np (PredAP v) ; - trRCl (RPredCN np v) = RelVP np (PredCN v) ; - trRCl (RPredNP np v) = RelVP np (PredNP v) ; - trRCl (RPredAdv np v) = RelVP np (PredAdv v) ; - - trRCl (RPredProgVP np vp) = RelVP np (PredProgVP vp) ; - - trVCl (IPredV v) = UseVP (UseV v) ; - trVCl (IPredV2 v x) = UseVP (ComplV2 v x) ; - trVCl (IPredPassV v) = UseVP (UsePassV v) ; - trVCl (IPredV3 v x y) = UseVP (ComplV3 v x y) ; - trVCl (IPredReflV2 v) = UseVP (ComplReflV2 v) ; - trVCl (IPredVS v x) = UseVP (ComplVS v x) ; - trVCl (IPredVV v x) = UseVP (ComplVV v x) ; - trVCl (IPredVQ v x) = UseVP (ComplVQ v x) ; - trVCl (IPredVA v x) = UseVP (ComplVA v x) ; - trVCl (IPredV2A v x y) = UseVP (ComplV2A v x y) ; - trVCl (IPredSubjV2V v x y) = UseVP (ComplSubjV2V v x y) ; - trVCl (IPredObjV2V v x y) = UseVP (ComplObjV2V v x y) ; - trVCl (IPredV2S v x y) = UseVP (ComplV2S v x y) ; - trVCl (IPredV2Q v x y) = UseVP (ComplV2Q v x y) ; - - trVCl (IPredAP v) = UseVP (PredAP v) ; - trVCl (IPredCN v) = UseVP (PredCN v) ; - trVCl (IPredNP v) = UseVP (PredNP v) ; - trVCl (IPredAdv v) = UseVP (PredAdv v) ; - - trVCl (IPredProgVP vp) = UseVP (PredProgVP vp) ; - -{- --- Use VPs - - trRCl (IntVP) = intVerbPhrase ; - trRCl (RelVP) = relVerbPhrase ; - - - trRCl (PosVP tp) = predVerbGroup True tp.a ; - trRCl (NegVP tp) = predVerbGroup False tp.a ; - - trRCl (AdvVP) = adVerbPhrase ; - trRCl (SubjVP) = subjunctVerbPhrase ; --} - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Country.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Country.gf deleted file mode 100644 index df7d86b50..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Country.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,23 +0,0 @@ -abstract Country = { - - cat - Country ; Nationality ; Language ; - fun - Denmark, - England, - Finland, - France, - Germany, - Italy, - Norway, - Russia, - Spain, - Sweden - : Country ; - Danish, - English - : Nationality ; - DanishLang, - EnglishLang - : Language ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemRes.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemRes.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7de00e17d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemRes.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,56 +0,0 @@ -interface DemRes = open Prelude, Resource in { - - oper - Pointing = {s5 : Str} ; - - noPointing : Pointing = {s5 = []} ; - - mkDemS : Cl -> DemAdverb -> Pointing -> MultiSentence = \cl,adv,p -> - {s = table { - MInd b => msS (UseCl (polar b) (AdvCl cl adv)) ; - MQuest b => msQS (UseQCl (polar b) (QuestCl (AdvCl cl adv))) - } ; - s5 = p.s5 ++ adv.s5 - } ; - - polar : Bool -> TP = \b -> case b of { - True => PosTP TPresent ASimul ; - False => NegTP TPresent ASimul - } ; - - mkDemQ : QCl -> DemAdverb -> Pointing -> MultiQuestion = \cl,adv,p -> - {s = \\b => msQS (UseQCl (polar b) cl) ++ adv.s ; --- (AdvQCl cl adv)) ; - s5 = p.s5 ++ adv.s5 - } ; - mkDemImp : VCl -> DemAdverb -> Pointing -> MultiImperative = \cl,adv,p -> - {s = table { - True => msImp (PosImpVP cl) ++ adv.s ; - False => msImp (NegImpVP cl) ++ adv.s - } ; - s5 = p.s5 ++ adv.s5 - } ; - - msS : S -> Str ; - msQS : QS -> Str ; - msImp : Imp -> Str ; - - concatDem : (x,y : Pointing) -> Pointing = \x,y -> { - s5 = x.s5 ++ y.s5 - } ; - - mkDemType : Type -> Type = \t -> t ** Pointing ; - - MultiSentence : Type = mkDemType {s : MSForm => Str} ; - MultiQuestion : Type = mkDemType {s : Bool => Str} ; - MultiImperative : Type = mkDemType {s : Bool => Str} ; - - Demonstrative : Type = mkDemType NP ; - DemAdverb : Type = mkDemType Adv ; - - mkDAdv : Adv -> Pointing -> DemAdverb = \a,p -> - a ** p ** {lock_Adv = a.lock_Adv} ; - - param - MSForm = MInd Bool | MQuest Bool ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Demonstrative.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Demonstrative.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 157469ffa..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Demonstrative.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,44 +0,0 @@ -abstract Demonstrative = Categories ** { - - cat - MS ; -- multimodal sentence or question - MQS ; -- multimodal wh question - MImp ; -- multimodal imperative - DNP ; -- demonstrative noun phrase - DAdv ; -- demonstrative adverbial - [DAdv] ; -- list of demonstrative adverbials - Point ; -- pointing gesture - - fun - MkPoint : String -> Point ; - - DemV : V -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MS ; -- this flies (here) - DemV2 : V2 -> DNP -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MS ; -- this takes that - ModDemV : VV -> V -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MS ; -- this wants to fly - ModDemV2 : VV -> V2 -> DNP -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MS ; -- this wants to take that - - ImpDemV : V -> [DAdv] -> MImp ; -- fly (here) - ImpDemV2 : V2 -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MImp ; -- take that - - QDemV : V -> IP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- who flies (here) - QDemV2 : V2 -> IP -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- who takes that - QDemSlashV2 : V2 -> DNP -> IP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- whom does that take - QModDemV : VV -> V -> IP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- who wants to fly (here) - QModDemV2 : VV -> V2 -> IP -> DNP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- who wants to take that - QModDemSlashV2 : VV -> V2 -> DNP -> IP -> [DAdv] -> MQS ; -- whom does that want to take - - this_DNP : Point -> DNP ; -- this - that_DNP : Point -> DNP ; -- that - thisDet_DNP : Point -> CN -> DNP ; -- this car - thatDet_DNP : Point -> CN -> DNP ; -- that car - - here_DAdv : Point -> DAdv ; -- here - here7from_DAdv : Point -> DAdv ; -- from here - here7to_DAdv : Point -> DAdv ; -- to here - - PrepDNP : Prep -> DNP -> DAdv ; - --- to test - - point1, point2 : Point ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemonstrativeI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemonstrativeI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 751d52346..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/DemonstrativeI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,62 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - -incomplete concrete DemonstrativeI of Demonstrative = - open Prelude, Resource, Basic, DemRes in { - - lincat - MS = MultiSentence ; - MQS = MultiQuestion ; - MImp = MultiImperative ; - DNP = Demonstrative ; - DAdv = DemAdverb ; - [DAdv] = DemAdverb ; - Point = Pointing ; - - lin - MkPoint s = {s5 = s.s} ; - - DemV verb dem adv = - mkDemS (SPredV dem verb) adv dem ; - DemV2 verb su ob adv = - mkDemS (SPredV2 su verb ob) adv (concatDem su ob) ; - ModDemV vv verb dem adv = - mkDemS (SPredVV dem vv (UseVCl PPos ASimul (IPredV verb))) adv dem ; - ModDemV2 vv verb su ob adv = - mkDemS (SPredVV su vv (UseVCl PPos ASimul (IPredV2 verb ob))) adv (concatDem su ob) ; - - ImpDemV verb adv = - mkDemImp (IPredV verb) adv noPointing ; - ImpDemV2 verb ob adv = - mkDemImp (IPredV2 verb ob) adv ob ; - - QDemV verb ip adv = - mkDemQ (QPredV ip verb) adv noPointing ; - QDemV2 verb ip ob adv = - mkDemQ (QPredV2 ip verb ob) adv ob ; - QDemSlashV2 verb su ip adv = - mkDemQ (IntSlash ip (SlashV2 su verb)) adv su ; - QModDemV vv verb ip adv = - mkDemQ (QPredVV ip vv (UseVCl PPos ASimul (IPredV verb))) adv noPointing ; - QModDemV2 vv verb ip ob adv = - mkDemQ (QPredVV ip vv (UseVCl PPos ASimul (IPredV2 verb ob))) adv ob ; - QModDemSlashV2 vv verb su ip adv = - mkDemQ (IntSlash ip (SlashVV2 su vv verb)) adv su ; - - this_DNP p = this_NP ** p ; - that_DNP p = that_NP ** p ; - thisDet_DNP p cn = DetNP this_Det cn ** p ; - thatDet_DNP p cn = DetNP that_Det cn ** p ; - - here_DAdv p = mkDAdv here_Adv p ; - here7from_DAdv p = mkDAdv here7from_Adv p ; - here7to_DAdv p = mkDAdv here7to_Adv p ; - - BaseDAdv = {s,s5 = [] ; lock_Adv = <>} ; - ConsDAdv a as = {s = a.s ++ as.s ; s5 = a.s5 ++ as.s5 ; lock_Adv = <>} ; - - PrepDNP p np = mkDAdv (AdvPP (PrepNP p np)) np ; - - point1 = {s5 = "p1"} ; - point2 = {s5 = "p2"} ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Lang.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Lang.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 69a176bfd..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Lang.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,31 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -abstract Lang = - Rules, - Clause, - Structural, - Basic, - Time, - Country, - Math - - ** { - - flags startcat=Phr ; - - fun - --- Mount $Time$. - - AdvDate : Date -> Adv ; - AdvTime : Time -> Adv ; - NWeekday : Weekday -> N ; - PNWeekday : Weekday -> PN ; - --- Mount $Country$. - - PNCountry : Country -> PN ; - ANationality : Nationality -> A ; - NLanguage : Language -> N ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/LangVP.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/LangVP.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7e73a1b61..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/LangVP.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,13 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude - --- alternative API that is able to return VP's by parsing with Cl --- constructors and then computing. AR 14/11/2005 --- --- to import: 'i -noparse=vp.gfnoparse LangVPEng' --- to use: 'p -cat=Cl "I see her" | wt -c trCl' - -abstract LangVP = - Lang, - Verbphrase, - ClauseVP ** { -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Math.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Math.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 323f37bfc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Math.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,53 +0,0 @@ - - -abstract Math = Categories ** { - ---3 Noun phrases with symbols - -fun - SymbPN : String -> PN ; -- "x" - IntPN : Int -> PN ; -- "27" - IntNP : CN -> Int -> NP ; -- "level 53" - - IndefSymbNumNP : Num -> CN -> SymbList -> NP ; -- "(2) numbers x and y" - DefSymbNumNP : Num -> CN -> SymbList -> NP ; -- "the (2) numbers x and y" - NDetSymbNP : NDet -> Num -> CN -> SymbList -> NP ; -- "some (3) points x, y and z" - ---3 Symbol lists - --- A symbol list has at least two elements. The last two are separated --- by a conjunction ("and" in English), the others by commas. --- This produces "x, y and z", in English. - -cat - SymbList ; - -fun - SymbTwo : String -> String -> SymbList ; - SymbMore : String -> SymbList -> SymbList ; - ---3 Special forms of expression - --- This expression form is typical of mathematical texts. --- It is realized with different constructs in different languages, typically --- some kind of 3rd person imperative of the verb "be". - - LetImp : NP -> NP -> Imp ; -- let x be a number - --- This rule is slightly overgenerating: "there exists every number x". --- The problem seems to be of semantic nature. By this we avoid having many rules. - - ExistNP : NP -> Cl ; -- there exist (2) number(s) x and y - ---3 Rules moved from $Rules$. - --- This rule is powerful but overgenerating. - - SymbCN : CN -> String -> CN ; -- "number x" - --- This rule is simply wrong, and will be deprecated: the correct --- value type is $NP$. - - IntCN : CN -> Int -> CN ; -- "level 53" - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Minimal.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Minimal.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a1eddbe5b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Minimal.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,43 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -abstract Minimal = Categories ** { - --- a minimum sample of lexicon to test resource grammar with - -fun - -- nouns: count and mass, relational - man_N : N ; - wine_N : N ; - mother_N2 : N2 ; - distance_N3 : N3 ; - - -- proper names - john_PN : PN ; - - -- adjectives: with and without degree - blue_ADeg : ADeg ; - american_A : A ; - - -- adjectives: noun phase, sentence, and verb complements - married_A2 : A2 ; - probable_AS : AS ; - important_A2S : A2S ; - easy_A2V : A2V ; - - -- adverbs - now_Adv : Adv ; - - -- verbs - walk_V : V ; - love_V2 : V2 ; - give_V3 : V3 ; - believe_VS : VS ; - try_VV : VV ; - wonder_VQ : VQ ; - become_VA : VA ; - paint_V2A : V2A ; - promise_V2V : V2V ; - ask_V2Q : V2Q ; - tell_V2S : V2S ; - rain_V0 : V0 ; -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Multimodal.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Multimodal.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5fba52b67..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Multimodal.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,30 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -abstract Multimodal = - Rules, - Structural, - Basic, - Time, - Demonstrative - - ** { - - flags startcat=Phr ; - - fun - --- Interface to $Demonstrative$. - - DemNP : NP -> DNP ; - DemAdv : Adv -> DAdv ; - SentMS : Pol -> MS -> Phr ; - QuestMS : Pol -> MS -> Phr ; - QuestMQS : Pol -> MQS -> Phr ; - ImpMImp : Pol -> MImp -> Phr ; - --- Mount $Time$. - - AdvDate : Date -> Adv ; - AdvTime : Time -> Adv ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/MultimodalI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/MultimodalI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 1188e9012..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/MultimodalI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ -incomplete concrete MultimodalI of Multimodal = - open Prelude, Resource, Basic, Lang, DemRes in { - - lin - DemNP np = np ** {s5 = [] ; lock_NP = <>} ; - DemAdv adv = mkDAdv (adv ** {lock_Adv = <>}) {s5 = []} ; - SentMS p ms = {s = p.s ++ ms.s ! MInd (p.p) ++ ";" ++ ms.s5} ; - QuestMS p ms = {s = p.s ++ ms.s ! MQuest (p.p) ++ ";" ++ ms.s5} ; - QuestMQS p ms = {s = p.s ++ ms.s ! p.p ++ ";" ++ ms.s5} ; - ImpMImp p ms = {s = p.s ++ ms.s ! p.p ++ ";" ++ ms.s5} ; - - AdvDate = AdvDate ; - AdvTime = AdvTime ; - -} - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Numerals.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Numerals.gf deleted file mode 100644 index b725070dc..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Numerals.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,34 +0,0 @@ --- numerals from 1 to 999999 in decimal notation - -abstract Numerals = { - -flags startcat=Numeral ; - -cat - Numeral ; -- 0.. - Digit ; -- 2..9 - Sub10 ; -- 1..9 - Sub100 ; -- 1..99 - Sub1000 ; -- 1..999 - Sub1000000 ; -- 1..999999 - -fun - num : Sub1000000 -> Numeral ; - - n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9 : Digit ; - - pot01 : Sub10 ; -- 1 - pot0 : Digit -> Sub10 ; -- d * 1 - pot110 : Sub100 ; -- 10 - pot111 : Sub100 ; -- 11 - pot1to19 : Digit -> Sub100 ; -- 10 + d - pot0as1 : Sub10 -> Sub100 ; -- coercion of 1..9 - pot1 : Digit -> Sub100 ; -- d * 10 - pot1plus : Digit -> Sub10 -> Sub100 ; -- d * 10 + n - pot1as2 : Sub100 -> Sub1000 ; -- coercion of 1..99 - pot2 : Sub10 -> Sub1000 ; -- m * 100 - pot2plus : Sub10 -> Sub100 -> Sub1000 ; -- m * 100 + n - pot2as3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- coercion of 1..999 - pot3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- m * 1000 - pot3plus : Sub1000 -> Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- m * 1000 + n -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Predic.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Predic.gf deleted file mode 100644 index afd015d84..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Predic.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,44 +0,0 @@ -abstract Predic = Categories ** { - - cat - VType ; - CType ; - Verb VType ; - Compl VType ; - - fun - Vt_ : VType ; - Vt : CType -> VType ; - VtN : CType -> VType ; - - CtN, CtS, CtV, CtQ, CtA : CType ; - - SPredVerb : (v : VType) -> NP -> Verb v -> Compl v -> Cl ; - - QPredVerb : (v : VType) -> IP -> Verb v -> Compl v -> QCl ; - RPredVerb : (v : VType) -> RP -> Verb v -> Compl v -> RCl ; - IPredVerb : (v : VType) -> Verb v -> Compl v -> VCl ; - - Compl_ : Compl Vt_ ; - ComplN : NP -> Compl (Vt CtN) ; - ComplS : S -> Compl (Vt CtS) ; - ComplQ : QS -> Compl (Vt CtQ) ; - ComplA : AP -> Compl (Vt CtQ) ; - - ComplAdd : (c : CType) -> NP -> Compl (Vt c) -> Compl (VtN c) ; - - VeV1 : V -> Verb Vt_ ; - VeV2 : V2 -> Verb (Vt CtN) ; - VeVS : VS -> Verb (Vt CtS) ; - VeV3 : V3 -> Verb (VtN CtN) ; - VeV2S : V2S -> Verb (VtN CtS) ; - VeV2Q : V2Q -> Verb (VtN CtQ) ; - ---- etc -} - -{- - MkSlash3 : NG NtS -> VG (VtN CtN) -> CG (Vt CtN) -> Slash ; - MkSlash2 : (c : CType) -> NG NtS -> VG (VtN c) -> CG (Vt c) -> Slash ; - MkSlash1 : NG NtS -> VG (Vt CtN) -> Slash ; - SlashQ : NG NtQ -> Slash -> SG NtQ ; --} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Resource.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Resource.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c675bc1ba..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Resource.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,3 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -abstract Resource = Rules, Clause, Structural ** {} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Rules.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Rules.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c3dbfb276..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Rules.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,243 +0,0 @@ ---! ---2 Rules --- --- This set of rules is minimal, in the sense of defining the simplest combinations --- of categories and not having redundant rules. --- When the resource grammar is used as a library, it will often be useful to --- access it through an intermediate library that defines more rules as --- 'macros' for combinations of the ones below. - -abstract Rules = Categories ** { - ---! ---3 Nouns and noun phrases --- - -fun - UseN : N -> CN ; -- "car" - UsePN : PN -> NP ; -- "John" - --- These three rules have been moved to the module $Math$. - {- - SymbPN : String -> PN ; -- "x" - SymbCN : CN -> String -> CN ; -- "number x" - IntCN : CN -> Int -> CN ; -- "number 53" - -} - - IndefOneNP : CN -> NP ; -- "a car", "cars" - IndefNumNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "houses", "86 houses" - DefOneNP : CN -> NP ; -- "the car" - DefNumNP : Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "the cars", "the 86 cars" - - DetNP : Det -> CN -> NP ; -- "every car" - NDetNP : NDet -> Num -> CN -> NP ; -- "these (5) cars" - NDetNum : NDet -> Num -> NP ; -- "these (5)" - MassNP : CN -> NP ; -- "wine" - - AppN2 : N2 -> NP -> CN ; -- "successor of zero" - AppN3 : N3 -> NP -> N2 ; -- "flight from Paris" - UseN2 : N2 -> CN ; -- "successor" - - ModAP : AP -> CN -> CN ; -- "red car" - CNthatS : CN -> S -> CN ; -- "idea that the Earth is flat" - - ModGenOne : NP -> CN -> NP ; -- "John's car" - ModGenNum : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ; -- "John's cars", "John's 86 cars" - - UseInt : Int -> Num ; -- "32" --- assumes i > 1 - NoNum : Num ; -- no numeral modifier - ---! ---3 Adjectives and adjectival phrases --- - - UseA : A -> AP ; -- "red" - ComplA2 : A2 -> NP -> AP ; -- "divisible by two" - - PositADeg : ADeg -> AP ; -- "old" - ComparADeg : ADeg -> NP -> AP ; -- "older than John" - SuperlADeg : ADeg -> AP ; -- "the oldest" - - ComplAV : AV -> VPI -> AP ; -- "eager to leave" - ComplObjA2V : A2V -> NP -> VPI -> AP ; -- "easy for us to convince" - - - ---! ---3 Verbs and verb phrases --- --- The main uses of verbs and verb phrases have been moved to the --- module $Verbphrase$ (deep $VP$ nesting) and its alternative, --- $Clause$ (shallow many-place predication structure). - - PredAS : AS -> S -> Cl ; -- "it is good that he comes" - PredV0 : V0 -> Cl ; -- "it is raining" - --- Partial saturation. - - UseV2 : V2 -> V ; -- "loves" - - ComplA2S : A2S -> NP -> AS ; -- "good for John" - - UseV2V : V2V -> VV ; - UseV2S : V2S -> VS ; - UseV2Q : V2Q -> VQ ; - UseA2S : A2S -> AS ; - UseA2V : A2V -> AV ; - --- Formation of tensed phrases. - - AdjPart : V -> A ; -- past participle, e.g. "forgotten" - - UseCl : TP -> Cl -> S ; - UseRCl : TP -> RCl -> RS ; - UseQCl : TP -> QCl -> QS ; - - UseVCl : Pol -> Ant -> VCl -> VPI ; - - PosTP : Tense -> Ant -> TP ; - NegTP : Tense -> Ant -> TP ; - - TPresent : Tense ; - TPast : Tense ; - TFuture : Tense ; - TConditional : Tense ; - - ASimul : Ant ; - AAnter : Ant ; - - PPos : Pol ; - PNeg : Pol ; - ---! ---3 Adverbs --- --- Here is how complex adverbs can be formed and used. - - AdjAdv : A -> Adv ; -- "freely" - AdvPP : PP -> Adv ; -- "in London", "after the war" - PrepNP : Prep -> NP -> PP ; -- "in London", "after the war" - - AdvCN : CN -> Adv -> CN ; -- "house in London" - AdvNP : NP -> Adv -> NP ; -- "the house in London" - AdvAP : AdA -> AP -> AP ; -- "very good" - AdvAdv : AdA -> Adv -> Adv ; -- "very well" - - ---! ---3 Sentences and relative clauses --- - - SlashV2 : NP -> V2 -> Slash ; -- "(whom) John doesn't love" - SlashVV2 : NP -> VV -> V2 -> Slash ; -- "(which song do you) want to play" - SlashAdv : Cl -> Prep -> Slash ; -- "(whom) John walks with" - - IdRP : RP ; -- "which" - FunRP : N2 -> RP -> RP ; -- "the successor of which" - RelSlash : RP -> Slash -> RCl ; -- "that I wait for"/"for which I wait" - ModRS : CN -> RS -> CN ; -- "man who walks" - RelCl : Cl -> RCl ; -- "such that it is even" - ---! ---3 Questions and imperatives --- - - FunIP : N2 -> IP -> IP ; -- "the mother of whom" - IDetCN : IDet -> CN -> IP ; -- "which car", "which cars" - - QuestCl : Cl -> QCl ; -- "does John walk"; "doesn't John walk" - IntSlash : IP -> Slash -> QCl ; -- "whom does John see" - QuestAdv : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ; -- "why do you walk" - - PosImpVP, NegImpVP : VCl -> Imp ; -- "(don't) be a man" - -----rename these ?? - IndicPhrase : S -> Phr ; -- "I walk." - QuestPhrase : QS -> Phr ; -- "Do I walk?" - ImperOne, ImperMany : Imp -> Phr ; -- "Be a man!", "Be men!" - - AdvCl : Cl -> Adv -> Cl ; -- "John walks in the park" - AdvVPI : VPI -> Adv -> VPI ; -- "walk in the park" - AdCPhr : AdC -> S -> Phr ; -- "Therefore, 2 is prime." - AdvPhr : Adv -> S -> Phr ; -- "In India, there are tigers." - ---! ---3 Coordination --- --- We consider "n"-ary coordination, with "n" > 1. To this end, we have introduced --- a *list category* $ListX$ for each category $X$ whose expressions we want to --- conjoin. Each list category has two constructors, the base case being $TwoX$. - --- We have not defined coordination of all possible categories here, --- since it can be tricky in many languages. For instance, $VP$ coordination --- is linguistically problematic in German because $VP$ is a discontinuous --- category. - - ConjS : Conj -> ListS -> S ; -- "John walks and Mary runs" - ConjAP : Conj -> ListAP -> AP ; -- "even and prime" - ConjNP : Conj -> ListNP -> NP ; -- "John or Mary" - ConjAdv : Conj -> ListAdv -> Adv ; -- "quickly or slowly" - - ConjDS : ConjD -> ListS -> S ; -- "either John walks or Mary runs" - ConjDAP : ConjD -> ListAP -> AP ; -- "both even and prime" - ConjDNP : ConjD -> ListNP -> NP ; -- "either John or Mary" - ConjDAdv : ConjD -> ListAdv -> Adv ; -- "both badly and slowly" - - TwoS : S -> S -> ListS ; - ConsS : ListS -> S -> ListS ; - - TwoAP : AP -> AP -> ListAP ; - ConsAP : ListAP -> AP -> ListAP ; - - TwoNP : NP -> NP -> ListNP ; - ConsNP : ListNP -> NP -> ListNP ; - - TwoAdv : Adv -> Adv -> ListAdv ; - ConsAdv : ListAdv -> Adv -> ListAdv ; - ---! ---3 Subordination --- --- Subjunctions are different from conjunctions, but form --- a uniform category among themselves. - - SubjS : Subj -> S -> S -> S ; -- "if 2 is odd, 3 is even" - SubjImper : Subj -> S -> Imp -> Imp ; -- "if it is hot, use a glove!" - SubjQS : Subj -> S -> QS -> QS ; -- "if you are new, who are you?" - --- This rule makes a subordinate clause into a sentence adverb, which --- can be attached to e.g. noun phrases. It might even replace the --- previous subjunction rules. - - AdvSubj : Subj -> S -> Adv ; -- "when he arrives" - ---! ---2 One-word utterances --- --- These are, more generally, *one-phrase utterances*. The list below --- is very incomplete. - - PhrNP : NP -> Phr ; -- "Some man.", "John." - PhrOneCN, PhrManyCN : CN -> Phr ; -- "A car.", "Cars." - PhrIP : IAdv -> Phr ; -- "Who?" - PhrIAdv : IAdv -> Phr ; -- "Why?" - PhrVPI : VPI -> Phr ; -- "Tända ljus." - ---! ---2 Text formation --- --- A text is a sequence of phrases. It is defined like a non-empty list. - - OnePhr : Phr -> Text ; - ConsPhr : Phr -> Text -> Text ; - ---2 Special constructs. --- --- These constructs tend to have language-specific syntactic realizations. - - ExistCN : CN -> Cl ; -- "there is a bar" - ExistNumCN : Num -> CN -> Cl ; -- "there are (86) bars" - - OneNP : NP ; -- "one (walks)" - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Sats.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Sats.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 360705971..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Sats.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,49 +0,0 @@ ---1 Topological structure of Scandinavian sentences. --- --- This is an alternative, more 'native' analysis than $Clause$ and --- $Verbphrase$, due to Diderichsen. --- --- Sources: --- N. Jörgensen & J. Svensson, "Nusvensk grammatik" (Gleerups, 2001); --- R. Zola Christensen, "Dansk grammatik for svenskere" --- (Studentlitteratur 1999). - -abstract Sats = Categories ** { - --- Idea: form primarily a $Sats$, which can then be lifted to a $Cl$ --- and used elsewhere in grammar. - - cat Sats ; - - fun - ClSats : Sats -> Cl ; - --- There will be $Sats$-forming functions for all subcategorization --- patterns of verbs. - - SatsV : NP -> V -> Sats ; - SatsV2 : NP -> V2 -> NP -> Sats ; - SatsV3 : NP -> V3 -> NP -> NP -> Sats ; - SatsReflV2 : NP -> V2 -> Sats ; - SatsVS : NP -> VS -> S -> Sats ; - SatsVQ : NP -> VQ -> QS -> Sats ; - SatsV2S : NP -> V2S -> NP -> S -> Sats ; - SatsV2Q : NP -> V2Q -> NP -> QS -> Sats ; - - SatsAP : NP -> AP -> Sats ; - SatsCN : NP -> CN -> Sats ; - SatsNP : NP -> NP -> Sats ; - SatsAdv : NP -> Adv -> Sats ; - --- To a $Sats$, you can insert a sentence adverbial ($AdV$, e.g. "ändå") or --- 'TSR' adverbial ($Adv$, e.g. "nu"; the name TSR is from Jörgensen --- and Svensson). - - AdVSats : Sats -> AdV -> Sats ; - AdvSats : Sats -> Adv -> Sats ; - --- We can also insert a verb-complement verb. - - VVSats : Sats -> VV -> Sats ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Simple.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Simple.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 830156300..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Simple.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,41 +0,0 @@ -abstract Simple = Categories ** { - -cat - - Sentence ; - -fun - - PAffirm : Sentence -> Phr ; - PNegate : Sentence -> Phr ; - PQuestion : Sentence -> Phr ; - PCommand : Imp -> Phr ; - - SVerb : NP -> V -> Sentence ; - STransVerb : NP -> V2 -> NP -> Sentence ; - SAdjective : NP -> AP -> Sentence ; - SAdverb : NP -> Adv -> Sentence ; - - SModified : Sentence -> Adv -> Sentence ; - - PIntV : IP -> V -> Phr ; - PIntSubjV2 : IP -> V2 -> NP -> Phr ; - PIntObjV2 : IP -> NP -> V2 -> Phr ; - PIntAP : IP -> AP -> Phr ; - PIntAdv : IP -> Adv -> Phr ; - - NPDef : CN -> NP ; - NPIndef : CN -> NP ; - NPGroup : CN -> NP ; - NPMass : CN -> NP ; - NPName : PN -> NP ; - - NSimple : N -> CN ; - NModified : AP -> CN -> CN ; - - ASimple : ADeg -> AP ; - AVery : ADeg -> AP ; - - AdvPrep : Prep -> NP -> Adv ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleAux.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleAux.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ddeef10fa..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleAux.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,6 +0,0 @@ -resource SimpleAux = { - -param - SentenceForm = SAffirm | SNegate | SQuestion ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 4752d6135..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,73 +0,0 @@ -incomplete concrete SimpleI of Simple = - open Predef, Prelude, SimpleAux, Categories, Rules, Structural, Verbphrase in { - -lincat - - Sentence = {s : SentenceForm => Str} ; - -lin - PAffirm sent = ss (sent.s ! SAffirm) ** {lock_Phr = <>} ; - PNegate sent = ss (sent.s ! SNegate) ** {lock_Phr = <>} ; - PQuestion sent = ss (sent.s ! SQuestion) ** {lock_Phr = <>} ; - PCommand = ImperOne ; - - SVerb np v = {s = table { - SAffirm => toStr S (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (UseV v))) ; - SNegate => toStr S (UseCl (NegTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (UseV v))) ; - SQuestion => toStr QS (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (QuestCl (PredVP np - (UseV v)))) - } - } ; - - STransVerb np tv obj = {s = table { - SAffirm => toStr S (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (ComplV2 tv obj))) ; - SNegate => toStr S (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (ComplV2 tv obj))) ; - SQuestion => - toStr QS (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (QuestCl (PredVP np (ComplV2 tv obj)))) - } - } ; - - SAdjective np ap = {s = table { - SAffirm => toStr S (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (PredAP ap))) ; - SNegate => toStr S (UseCl (NegTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (PredAP ap))) ; - SQuestion => toStr QS (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (QuestCl (PredVP np - (PredAP ap)))) - } - } ; - - SAdverb np ap = {s = table { - SAffirm => toStr S (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (PredAdv ap))) ; - SNegate => toStr S (UseCl (NegTP TPresent ASimul) (PredVP np (PredAdv ap))) ; - SQuestion => toStr QS (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (QuestCl (PredVP np - (PredAdv ap)))) - } - } ; - - SModified s a = {s = \\f => s.s ! f ++ a.s ; lock_S = <>} ; --- - - PIntV ip v = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntVP ip (UseV v))) ; - PIntSubjV2 ip v np = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntVP ip (ComplV2 v np))) ; - PIntObjV2 ip np v = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntSlash ip (SlashV2 np v))) ; - PIntAP ip v = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntVP ip (PredAP v))) ; - PIntAdv ip v = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntVP ip (PredAdv v))) ; - - NPDef = DefOneNP ; - NPIndef = IndefOneNP ; - NPGroup = IndefNumNP NoNum ; - NPMass = MassNP ; - NPName = UsePN ; - - NSimple = UseN ; - NModified = ModAP ; - - ASimple = PositADeg ; - AVery a = AdvAP very_Adv (PositADeg a) ; - - AdvPrep p np = AdvPP (PrepNP p np) ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleLang.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleLang.gf deleted file mode 100644 index ae6fdc1fd..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SimpleLang.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../../prelude - -abstract SimpleLang = - Simple, - Structural, - Basic, - Time, - Country - - ** { - fun - --- Mount $Time$. - - AdvDate : Date -> Adv ; - AdvTime : Time -> Adv ; - NWeekday : Weekday -> N ; - PNWeekday : Weekday -> PN ; - --- Mount $Country$. - - PNCountry : Country -> PN ; - ANationality : Nationality -> A ; - NLanguage : Language -> N ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Structural.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Structural.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 5655385d4..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Structural.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,103 +0,0 @@ ---1 GF Resource Grammar API for Structural Words --- --- AR 21/11/2003 --- --- Here we have some words belonging to closed classes and appearing --- in all languages we have considered. --- Sometimes they are not really meaningful, e.g. $we_NP$ in Spanish --- should be replaced by masculine and feminine variants. - -abstract Structural = Categories, Numerals ** { - - fun - --- First mount the numerals. - - UseNumeral : Numeral-> Num ; - --- Then an alphabetical list of structural words - - above_Prep : Prep ; - after_Prep : Prep ; - all8mass_Det : Det ; - all_NDet : NDet ; - almost_Adv : AdA ; - although_Subj : Subj ; - and_Conj : Conj ; - because_Subj : Subj ; - before_Prep : Prep ; - behind_Prep : Prep ; - between_Prep : Prep ; - both_AndConjD : ConjD ; - by8agent_Prep : Prep ; - by8means_Prep : Prep ; - can8know_VV : VV ; - can_VV : VV ; - during_Prep : Prep ; - either8or_ConjD : ConjD ; - every_Det : Det ; - everybody_NP : NP ; - everything_NP : NP ; - everywhere_Adv : Adv ; - from_Prep : Prep ; - he_NP : NP ; - how_IAdv : IAdv ; - how8many_IDet : IDet ; - i_NP : NP ; - if_Subj : Subj ; - in8front_Prep : Prep ; - in_Prep : Prep ; - it_NP : NP ; - many_Det : Det ; - most_Det : Det ; - most8many_Det : Det ; - much_Det : Det ; - must_VV : VV ; - no_Phr : Phr ; - on_Prep : Prep ; - or_Conj : Conj ; - otherwise_Adv : AdC ; - part_Prep : Prep ; - possess_Prep : Prep ; - quite_Adv : AdA ; - she_NP : NP ; - so_Adv : AdA ; - some_Det : Det ; - some_NDet : NDet ; - somebody_NP : NP ; - something_NP : NP ; - somewhere_Adv : Adv ; - that_Det : Det ; - that_NP : NP ; - therefore_Adv : AdC ; - these_NDet : NDet ; - they8fem_NP : NP ; - they_NP : NP ; - this_Det : Det ; - this_NP : NP ; - those_NDet : NDet ; - thou_NP : NP ; - through_Prep : Prep ; - to_Prep : Prep ; - too_Adv : AdA ; - under_Prep : Prep ; - very_Adv : AdA ; - want_VV : VV ; - we_NP : NP ; - what8many_IP : IP ; - what8one_IP : IP ; - when_IAdv : IAdv ; - when_Subj : Subj ; - where_IAdv : IAdv ; - which8many_IDet : IDet ; - which8one_IDet : IDet ; - who8many_IP : IP ; - who8one_IP : IP ; - why_IAdv : IAdv ; - with_Prep : Prep ; - without_Prep : Prep ; - ye_NP : NP ; - yes_Phr : Phr ; - you_NP : NP ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SwadeshLex.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SwadeshLex.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c2d825b78..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/SwadeshLex.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,243 +0,0 @@ --- Swadesh 207 -abstract SwadeshLex = Categories ** { - fun - - -- Pronouns - - i_NP : NP ; - thou_NP : NP ; - he_NP : NP ; - we_NP : NP ; - you_NP : NP ; - they_NP : NP ; - who8many_IP : IP ; -- only one who in Swadesh 207 - who8one_IP : IP ; - what8many_IP : IP ; -- only one what in Swadesh 207 - what8one_IP : IP ; - - -- Determiners - - that_Det : Det ; - this_Det : Det ; - all_NDet : NDet ; - many_Det : Det ; - some_Det : Det ; - few_Det : Det ; - other_Det : Det ; - - -- Adverbs - - here_Adv : Adv ; - there_Adv : Adv ; - where_IAdv : IAdv ; - when_IAdv : IAdv ; - how_IAdv : IAdv ; - - -- Conjunctions - - and_Conj : Conj ; - - -- Prepositions - - at_Prep : Prep ; - in_Prep : Prep ; - with_Prep : Prep ; - - -- not -- ? - -- if -- ? - -- because -- ? - - -- Numerals - - one_Num : Num ; - two_Num : Num ; - three_Num : Num ; - four_Num : Num ; - five_Num : Num ; - - -- Adjectives - - bad_ADeg : ADeg ; - big_ADeg : ADeg ; - black_ADeg : ADeg ; - cold_ADeg : ADeg ; - correct_ADeg : ADeg ; - dirty_ADeg : ADeg ; - dry_ADeg : ADeg ; - dull_ADeg : ADeg ; - far_ADeg : ADeg ; - full_ADeg : ADeg ; - good_ADeg : ADeg ; - green_ADeg : ADeg ; - heavy_ADeg : ADeg ; - long_ADeg : ADeg ; - narrow_ADeg : ADeg ; - near_ADeg : ADeg ; - new_ADeg : ADeg ; - old_ADeg : ADeg ; - red_ADeg : ADeg ; - rotten_ADeg : ADeg ; - round_ADeg : ADeg ; - sharp_ADeg : ADeg ; - short_ADeg : ADeg ; - small_ADeg : ADeg ; - smooth_ADeg : ADeg ; - straight_ADeg : ADeg ; - thick_ADeg : ADeg ; - thin_ADeg : ADeg ; - warm_ADeg : ADeg ; - wet_ADeg : ADeg ; - white_ADeg : ADeg ; - wide_ADeg : ADeg ; - yellow_ADeg : ADeg ; - - left_A : A ; - right_A : A ; - - -- Nouns - - animal_N : N ; - ashes_N : N ; - back_N : N ; - bark_N : N ; - belly_N : N ; - bird_N : N ; - blood_N : N ; - bone_N : N ; - breast_N : N ; - child_N : N ; - cloud_N : N ; - day_N : N ; - dog_N : N ; - dust_N : N ; - ear_N : N ; - earth_N : N ; - egg_N : N ; - eye_N : N ; - fat_N : N ; - father_N : N ; - feather_N : N ; - fingernail_N : N ; - fire_N : N ; - fish_N : N ; - flower_N : N ; - fog_N : N ; - foot_N : N ; - forest_N : N ; - fruit_N : N ; - grass_N : N ; - guts_N : N ; - hair_N : N ; - hand_N : N ; - head_N : N ; - heart_N : N ; - horn_N : N ; - husband_N : N ; - ice_N : N ; - knee_N : N ; - lake_N : N ; - leaf_N : N ; - leg_N : N ; - liver_N : N ; - louse_N : N ; - man_N : N ; - meat_N : N ; - moon_N : N ; - mother_N : N ; - mountain_N : N ; - mouth_N : N ; - name_N : N ; - neck_N : N ; - night_N : N ; - nose_N : N ; - person_N : N ; - rain_N : N ; - river_N : N ; - road_N : N ; - root_N : N ; - rope_N : N ; - salt_N : N ; - sand_N : N ; - sea_N : N ; - seed_N : N ; - skin_N : N ; - sky_N : N ; - smoke_N : N ; - snake_N : N ; - snow_N : N ; - star_N : N ; - stick_N : N ; - stone_N : N ; - sun_N : N ; - tail_N : N ; - tongue_N : N ; - tooth_N : N ; - tree_N : N ; - water_N : N ; - wife_N : N ; - wind_N : N ; - wing_N : N ; - woman_N : N ; - worm_N : N ; - year_N : N ; - - -- Verbs - - bite_V : V ; - blow_V : V ; - breathe_V : V ; - burn_V : V ; - come_V : V ; - count_V : V ; - cut_V : V ; - die_V : V ; - dig_V : V ; - drink_V : V ; - eat_V : V ; - fall_V : V ; - fear_V : V ; - fight_V : V ; - float_V : V ; - flow_V : V ; - fly_V : V ; - freeze_V : V ; - give_V : V ; - hear_V : V ; - hit_V : V ; - hold_V : V ; - hunt_V : V ; - kill_V : V ; - know_V : V ; - laugh_V : V ; - lie_V : V ; - live_V : V ; - play_V : V ; - pull_V : V ; - push_V : V ; - rub_V : V ; - say_V : V ; - scratch_V : V ; - see_V : V ; - sew_V : V ; - sing_V : V ; - sit_V : V ; - sleep_V : V ; - smell_V : V ; - spit_V : V ; - split_V : V ; - squeeze_V : V ; - stab_V : V ; - stand_V : V ; - suck_V : V ; - swell_V : V ; - swim_V : V ; - think_V : V ; - throw_V : V ; - tie_V : V ; - turn_V : V ; - vomit_V : V ; - walk_V : V ; - wash_V : V ; - wipe_V : V ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Time.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Time.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a55d41f79..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Time.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,55 +0,0 @@ -abstract Time = Numerals ** { - --- Time grammar Abstract syntax. Modified by AR from Karin Cavallin. - -cat - -Date ; -Time ; -Hour ; -Minute ; -Weekday ; - -fun - --- The variants: "two twenty", "twenty past two", "twenty to two" - -DayDate : Weekday -> Date ; -DayTimeDate : Weekday -> Time -> Date ; - -FormalTime : Hour -> Minute -> Time ; -PastTime : Hour -> Minute -> Time ; -ToTime : Hour -> Minute -> Time ; -ExactTime : Hour -> Time ; - --- These range from 1 to 99 and are thus overgenerating. - -NumHour : Sub100 -> Hour ; -NumMinute : Sub100 -> Minute ; - -fun -monday : Weekday ; -tuesday : Weekday ; -wednesday : Weekday ; -thursday : Weekday ; -friday : Weekday ; -saturday : Weekday ; -sunday : Weekday ; - -{- -Add: - -years - -dates: the x:th of y - -relative weeks: next week, last week, in x weeks, x weeks ago - -relative days: today, tomorrow, yesterday, the day before yesterday, -the day after tomorrow, in x days, x days ago - -relative time: in x minutes, in x hours - --} - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Verbphrase.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Verbphrase.gf deleted file mode 100644 index b1c09598b..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/abstract/Verbphrase.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,54 +0,0 @@ ---! ---1 Rules for verbs and verb phrases --- --- This module treats predications by means of deep right-branching --- $VP$ structures, which have the advantage of conciseness but the --- disadvantage of slow parsing due to discontinuous constituents. --- --- The principal way of forming sentences ($S$) is by combining a noun phrase --- with a verb phrase (the $PredVP$ rule below). In addition to this, verb --- phrases have uses in relative clauses and questions. Verb phrases already --- have (or have not) a negation, but they are formed from verbal groups --- ($VG$), which have both positive and negative forms. - -abstract Verbphrase = Categories ** { - - flags optimize=all ; - --- These rules produce verb phrases. - - fun - UseV : V -> VP ; -- "walks" - UsePassV : V -> VP ; -- "is seen" - ComplV2 : V2 -> NP -> VP ; -- "sees Mary" - ComplV3 : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VP ; -- "tells Mary everything" - ComplReflV2 : V2 -> VP ; -- "loves himself" - ComplVS : VS -> S -> VP ; -- "says that Mary runs" - ComplVV : VV -> VPI -> VP ; -- "must walk" - ComplVQ : VQ -> QS -> VP ; -- "asks who will come" - ComplVA : VA -> AP -> VP ; -- "looks ill" - ComplV2A : V2A -> NP -> AP -> VP ; -- "paints the house red" - ComplSubjV2V : V2V -> NP -> VPI -> VP ; -- "promises Mary to leave" - ComplObjV2V : V2V -> NP -> VPI -> VP ; -- "asked him to go" - ComplV2S : V2S -> NP -> S -> VP ; -- "told me that you came" - ComplV2Q : V2Q -> NP -> QS -> VP ; -- "asks me if you come" - - PredAP : AP -> VP ; -- "is old" - PredCN : CN -> VP ; -- "is a man" - PredNP : NP -> VP ; -- "is Bill" - PredAdv : Adv -> VP ; -- "is in France", "is here" - - PredProgVP : VPI -> VP ; -- "is eating fish" - --- These rules *use* verb phrases. - - PredVP : NP -> VP -> Cl ; -- "John walks" - RelVP : RP -> VP -> RCl ; -- "who walks", "who doesn't walk" - IntVP : IP -> VP -> QCl ; -- "who walks" - - UseVP : VP -> VCl ; -- to eat, not to eat - - AdvVP : VP -> AdV -> VP ; -- "always walks" - SubjVP : VP -> Subj -> S -> VP ; -- "(a man who) sings when he runs" - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/BasicDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/BasicDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9ace32f17..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/BasicDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,235 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete BasicDan of Basic = CategoriesDan ** open ParadigmsDan,VerbsDan in { - -flags startcat=Phr ; lexer=textlit ; unlexer=text ; - optimize=values ; - -lin - airplane_N = mk2N "fly" "flyet" ; - answer_V2S = mkV2S (regV "svare") "til" ; - apartment_N = mk2N "leilighet" "leiligheten" ; - apple_N = mk2N "eple" "eplet" ; - art_N = mk2N "kunst" "kunsten" ; - ask_V2Q = mkV2Q spørre_V [] ; - baby_N = mk2N "baby" "babyen" ; - bad_ADeg = regADeg "dårlig" ; ---- - bank_N = mk2N "bank" "banken" ; - beautiful_ADeg = mk3ADeg "vakker" "vakkert" "vakra" ; - become_VA = mkVA bli_V; - beer_N = regN "øl" neutrum ; - beg_V2V = mkV2V be_V [] "att" ; - big_ADeg = irregADeg "stor" "større" "størst"; - bike_N = mkN "sykkel" "sykkelen" "sykler" "syklene" ; - bird_N = mk2N "fugl" "fuglen" ; - black_ADeg = mk2ADeg "svart" "svart" ; - blue_ADeg = mk2ADeg "blå" "blått"; - boat_N = regN "båt" utrum ; - book_N = mkN "bok" "boka" "bøker" "bøkene" ; - boot_N = mkN "støvel" "støvelen" "støvler" "støvlene" ; - boss_N = mk2N "sjef" "sjefen" ; - boy_N = regN "gutt" utrum ; - bread_N = regN "brød" neutrum ; - break_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "knuse" "knuste") ; - broad_ADeg = regADeg "bred" ; - brother_N2 = mkN2 ( (mkN "bror" "broren" "brødre" "brødrene")) "til" ; - brown_ADeg = regADeg "brun" ; - butter_N = regN "smør" neutrum ; - buy_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "kjøpe" "kjøpte") ; - camera_N = mk2N "kamera" "kameraen" ; ---- - cap_N = mk2N "lue" "lua" ; - car_N = regN "bil" utrum ; - carpet_N = regN "matte" utrum ; - cat_N = mk2N "katt" "katten" ; - ceiling_N = regN "tak" neutrum ; - chair_N = regN "stol" utrum ; - cheese_N = regN "ost" utrum ; - child_N = regN "barn" neutrum ; - church_N = regN "kirke" utrum ; - city_N = mk2N "by" "byen" ; - clean_ADeg = regADeg "rein" ; - clever_ADeg = regADeg "klok" ; - close_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "lukke" "lukket") ; - coat_N = regN "frakk" utrum ; - cold_ADeg = regADeg "kald" ; - come_V = komme_V ; - computer_N = mk2N "datamaskin" "datamaskinen" ; - country_N = mk2N "land" "landet" ; - cousin_N = mk2N "fetter" "fetteren" ; ---- - cow_N = mkN "ku" "kua" "kyr" "kyrne" ; ---- - die_V = dø_V ; - dirty_ADeg = mk3ADeg "skitten" "skittent" "skitne" ; ---- - distance_N3 = mkN3 (regN "avstand" utrum) "fra" "til" ; - doctor_N = mk2N "lege" "legen" ; - dog_N = regN "hund" utrum ; - door_N = regN "dør" utrum ; - drink_V2 = dirV2 drikke_V ; - easy_A2V = mkA2V (regA "grei") "før" ; - eat_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "spise" "spiste") ; - empty_ADeg = mkADeg "tom" "tomt" "tomme" "tommere" "tommest" ; - enemy_N = regN "fiende" utrum ; - factory_N = mk2N "fabrikk" "fabrikken" ; - father_N2 = mkN2 ( (mkN "far" "faren" "fedre" "fedrene")) "til" ; - fear_VS = mkVS (regV "frykte") ; - find_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "finne" "fann" "funnet") ; - fish_N = mk2N "fisk" "fisken" ; - floor_N = regN "golv" neutrum ; - forget_V2 = dirV2 (mkV "glemme" "glemmer" "glemmes" "glemte" "glemt" "glem") ; - fridge_N = regN "kjøleskap" neutrum ; - friend_N = mkN "venn" "vennen" "venner" "vennene" ; - fruit_N = mk2N "frukt" "frukten" ; - fun_AV = mkAV (mkA "morsom" "morsomt" "morsomme") ; - garden_N = regN "hage" utrum ; - girl_N = regN "jente" utrum ; - glove_N = regN "hanske" utrum ; - gold_N = regN "gull" neutrum ; - good_ADeg = mkADeg "god" "godt" "gode" "bedre" "best" ; - go_V = gå_V ; - green_ADeg = mk2ADeg "grønn" "grønt" ; - harbour_N = regN "havn" utrum; - hate_V2 = dirV2 (regV "hate") ; - hat_N = regN "hatt" utrum ; - have_V2 = dirV2 ha_V ; - hear_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "høre" "hørte") ; - hill_N = regN "haug" utrum ; - hope_VS = mkVS (regV "håpe") ; - horse_N = regN "hest" utrum ; - hot_ADeg = regADeg "heit" ; - house_N = regN "hus" neutrum ; - important_ADeg = regADeg "viktig" ; - industry_N = mk2N "industri" "industrien" ; - iron_N = regN "jern" neutrum ; - king_N = regN "konge" utrum ; - know_V2 = dirV2 vite_V ; - lake_N = regN "vann" neutrum ; - lamp_N = regN "lampe" utrum ; - learn_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "lære" "lærte") ; - leather_N = regN "lær" neutrum ; - leave_V2 = dirV2 forlate_V ; - like_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "like" "likte") ; - listen_V2 = dirV2 (regV "lytte") ; - live_V = mk2V "leve" "levde" ; - long_ADeg = irregADeg "lang" "lengre" "lengst" ; - lose_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "tape" "tapte") ; - love_N = regN "kjærlighet" utrum ; - love_V2 = dirV2 (regV "elske") ; - man_N = (mkN "mann" "mannen" "menn" "mennen") ; - married_A2 = mkA2 (mk2A "gift" "gift") "med" ; - meat_N = regN "kjøtt" neutrum ; - milk_N = regN "melk" utrum ; - moon_N = regN "måne" utrum ; - mother_N2 = mkN2 (mkN "mor" "moren" "mødre" "mødrene") "til" ; ---- fem - mountain_N = regN "berg" neutrum ; - music_N = mk2N "musikk" "musikken" ; - narrow_ADeg = regADeg "smal" ; - new_ADeg = mkADeg "ny" "nytt" "nye" "nyere" "nyest" ; - newspaper_N = regN "avis" utrum ; - oil_N = regN "olje" utrum ; - old_ADeg = mkADeg "gammel" "gammelt" "gamle" "eldre" "eldst" ; - open_V2 = dirV2 (regV "åpne") ; - paint_V2A = mkV2A (regV "male") [] ; - paper_N = regN "papir" neutrum ; ---- - peace_N = regN "fred" utrum ; - pen_N = regN "penn" utrum ; - planet_N = mk2N "planet" "planeten" ; - plastic_N = mk2N "plast" "plasten" ; - play_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "spille" "spilte") ; - policeman_N = mk2N "politi" "politien" ; - priest_N = mk2N "prest" "presten" ; - probable_AS = mkAS (regA "sannsynlig") ; - queen_N = regN "dronning" utrum ; - radio_N = regN "radio" utrum ; - rain_V0 = mkV0 (regV "regne") ; - read_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "lese" "leste") ; - red_ADeg = regADeg "rød" ; - religion_N = mk2N "religion" "religionen" ; - restaurant_N = mk2N "restaurant" "restauranten" ; - river_N = mk2N "elv" "elva" ; - rock_N = regN "stein" utrum ; - roof_N = regN "tak" neutrum ; - rubber_N = mk2N "gummi" "gummien" ; - run_V = springe_V ; - say_VS = mkVS si_V ; - school_N = regN "skole" utrum; - science_N = mk2N "vitenskap" "vitenskapen" ; - sea_N = mk2N "sjø" "sjøen" ; - seek_V2 = mkV2 (mk2V "lete" "lette") "etter" ; - see_V2 = dirV2 se_V ; - sell_V3 = dirV3 selge_V "til" ; - send_V3 = dirV3 (mk2V "sende" "sendte") "til" ; - sheep_N = mk2N "får" "fåret" ; - ship_N = regN "skip" neutrum ; - shirt_N = regN "skjorte" utrum ; - shoe_N = regN "sko" utrum ; - shop_N = mk2N "butikk" "butikken" ; - short_ADeg = regADeg "kort" ; - silver_N = mk2N "sølv" "sølvet"; - sister_N = mkN "søster" "søsteren" "søstrer" "søstrene" ; - sleep_V = irregV "sove" "sov" "sovet" ; - small_ADeg = mkADeg "liten" "lite" "små" "mindre" "minst" ; ---- lille - snake_N = regN "orm" utrum ; - sock_N = regN "strømpe" utrum ; - speak_V2 = dirV2 (regV "snakke") ; - star_N = regN "stjerne" utrum ; - steel_N = regN "stål" neutrum ; - stone_N = regN "stein" utrum ; - stove_N = regN "komfyr" utrum ; - student_N = mk2N "student" "studenten" ; - stupid_ADeg = mk3ADeg "dum" "dumt" "dumme" ; - sun_N = regN "sol" utrum ; - switch8off_V2 = dirV2 (partV (irregV "slå" "slo" "slått") "av") ; - switch8on_V2 = dirV2 (partV (irregV "slå" "slo" "slått") "på") ; - table_N = regN "bord" neutrum ; - talk_V3 = mkV3 (regV "snakke") "til" "om" ; - teacher_N = mkN "lærer" "læreren" "lærere" "lærerne" ; - teach_V2 = dirV2 (mk2V "undervise" "underviste") ; - television_N = mk2N "fjernsyn" "fjernsynet" ; - thick_ADeg = mk2ADeg "tykk" "tykt" ; - thin_ADeg = mk2ADeg "tynn" "tynt" ; - train_N = regN "tog" neutrum ; - travel_V = mk2V "reise" "reiste" ; - tree_N = mkN "tre" "treet" "trær" "træne" ; - ---- trousers_N = regN "trousers" ; ---- pl t ! - ugly_ADeg = mk2ADeg "stygg" "stygt" ; - understand_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "forstå" "forstod" "forstått") ; - university_N = regN "universitet" neutrum ; - village_N = mk2N "grend" "grenda" ; - wait_V2 = mkV2 (regV "vente") "på" ; - walk_V = (irregV "gå" "gikk" "gått") ; - warm_ADeg = regADeg "varm" ; - war_N = regN "krig" utrum ; - watch_V2 = mkV2 se_V "på" ; - water_N = mk2N "vatn" "vatnet" ; - white_ADeg = regADeg "hvit" ; - window_N = mkN "vindu" "vinduet" "vinduer" "vinduene" ; ---- er? - wine_N = mk2N "vin" "vinen" ; - win_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "vinne" "vant" "vunnet") ; - woman_N = regN "kvinne" utrum ; ---- kvinnen - wonder_VQ = mkVQ (regV "undre") ; ---- seg - wood_N = mkN "tre" "treet" "trær" "træne" ; - write_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "skrive" "skrev" "skrevet") ; - yellow_ADeg = regADeg "gul" ; - young_ADeg = irregADeg "ung" "yngre" "yngst" ; - - do_V2 = dirV2 (irregV "gjøre" "gjorde" "gjort") ; - now_Adv = mkAdv "nå" ; - already_Adv = mkAdv "allerede" ; - song_N = mk2N "sang" "sangen" ; - add_V3 = mkV3 (partV (irregV "legge" "la" "lagt") "til") [] "til" ; - number_N = mk2N "nummer" "nummeret" ; - put_V2 = mkV2 (irregV "sette" "satte" "satt") [] ; - stop_V = regV "stanse" ; - jump_V = regV "hoppe" ; - here_Adv = mkAdv "her" ; - here7to_Adv = mkAdv "hit" ; - here7from_Adv = mkAdv ["herfra"] ; - there_Adv = mkAdv "der" ; - there7to_Adv = mkAdv "dit" ; - there7from_Adv = mkAdv ["derfra"] ; - -} ; - --- a" -> e" 86 --- ö -> ø 66 --- ck -> kk 20 --- ä -> e 44 diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CategoriesDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CategoriesDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 171bf6600..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CategoriesDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete CategoriesDan of Categories = - CategoriesScand with (SyntaxScand=SyntaxDan) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ClauseDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ClauseDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c0b81bc8e..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ClauseDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete ClauseDan of Clause = CategoriesDan ** - ClauseI with (Rules=RulesDan), (Verbphrase=VerbphraseDan) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CountryDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CountryDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 17e9acb15..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/CountryDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,27 +0,0 @@ -concrete CountryDan of Country = open CategoriesDan, ParadigmsDan in { - - lincat - Country = PN ; - Nationality = A ; - Language = N ; - - lin - Denmark = regPN "Danmark" neutrum ; - England = regPN "England" neutrum ; - Finland = regPN "Finland" neutrum ; - France = regPN "Frankrike" neutrum ; - Germany = regPN "Tyskland" neutrum ; - Italy = regPN "Italien" neutrum ; - Norway = regPN "Norge" neutrum ; - Russia = regPN "Ryssland" neutrum ; - Spain = regPN "Spanien" neutrum ; - Sweden = regPN "Sverige" neutrum ; - - Danish = regA "dansk" ; - English = regA "engelsk" ; - - DanishLang = regN "dansk" utrum ; - EnglishLang = regN "engelsk" utrum ; - - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/LangDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/LangDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a857196b8..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/LangDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,22 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete LangDan of Lang = - RulesDan, - ClauseDan, - StructuralDan, - BasicDan, - TimeDan, - CountryDan - - ** open Prelude, ParadigmsDan in { - -lin - AdvDate d = prefixSS "på" d ; - AdvTime t = prefixSS "klokken" t ; - NWeekday w = w ; - PNWeekday w = nounPN w ; - - PNCountry x = x ; - ANationality x = x ; - NLanguage x = x ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MathDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MathDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 809df1cb5..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MathDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete MathDan of Math = CategoriesDan ** - MathScand with (SyntaxScand=SyntaxDan) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MorphoDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MorphoDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index a057e022a..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/MorphoDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,266 +0,0 @@ ---1 A Simple Danish Resource Morphology --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 --- --- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource --- syntax. It moreover contains copies of the most usual inflectional patterns --- as defined in functional morphology (in the Haskell file $RulesSw.hs$). --- --- We use the parameter types and word classes defined for morphology. - -resource MorphoDan = open Prelude, TypesDan in { - --- Danish grammar source: http://users.cybercity.dk/~nmb3879/danish.html - --- nouns - -oper - mkSubstantive : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> {s : SubstForm => Str} = - \dreng, drengen, drenge, drengene -> {s = table { - SF Sg Indef c => mkCase dreng ! c ; - SF Sg Def c => mkCase drengen ! c ; - SF Pl Indef c => mkCase drenge ! c ; - SF Pl Def c => mkCase drengene ! c - } - } ; - - mkCase : Str -> Case => Str = \bil -> table { - Nom => bil ; - Gen => bil + "s" --- but: hus --> hus - } ; - - extNGen : Str -> NounGender = \s -> case last s of { - "n" => NUtr ; - _ => NNeutr - } ; - - nDreng : Str -> Subst = \dreng -> - mkSubstantive dreng (dreng + "en") (dreng + "e") (dreng + "ene") ** - {h1 = Utr} ; - - nBil : Str -> Subst = \bil -> - mkSubstantive bil (bil + "en") (bil + "er") (bil + "erne") ** - {h1 = Utr} ; - - nUge : Str -> Subst = \uge -> - mkSubstantive uge (uge + "n") (uge + "r") (uge + "rne") ** - {h1 = Utr} ; - - nHus : Str -> Subst = \hus -> - mkSubstantive hus (hus + "et") hus (hus + "ene") ** - {h1 = Neutr} ; - --- adjectives - - mkAdjective : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Adj = - \stor,stort,store,storre,storst -> {s = table { - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Utr))) c => mkCase stor ! c ; - AF (Posit (Strong (ASg Neutr))) c => mkCase stort ! c ; - AF (Posit _) c => mkCase store ! c ; - AF Compar c => mkCase storre ! c ; - AF (Super SupStrong) c => mkCase storst ! c ; - AF (Super SupWeak) c => mkCase (storst + "e") ! c - } - } ; - - aRod : Str -> Adj = \rod -> - mkAdjective rod (rod + "t") (rod + "e") (rod + "ere") (rod + "est") ; - - aAbstrakt : Str -> Adj = \abstrakt -> - mkAdjective abstrakt abstrakt (abstrakt + "e") (abstrakt + "ere") (abstrakt + "est") ; - - aRask : Str -> Adj = \rask -> - mkAdjective rask rask (rask + "e") (rask + "ere") (rask + "est") ; - - extractPositive : Adj -> {s : AdjFormPos => Case => Str} = \adj -> - {s = \\a,c => adj.s ! (AF (Posit a) c)} ; - --- verbs - - mkVerb : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = - \spise,spiser,spises,spiste,spist,spis -> {s = table { - VI (Inf v) => mkVoice v spise ; - VF (Pres Act) => spiser ; - VF (Pres Pass) => spises ; - VF (Pret v) => mkVoice v spiste ; - VI (Supin v) => mkVoice v spist ; - VI (PtPret _ c) => mkCase spist ! c ; ---- GenNum - VF (Imper v) => mkVoice v spis - } - } ; - - irregVerb : (drikke,drakk,drukket : Str) -> Verbum = - \drikke,drakk,drukket -> - let - drikk = init drikke ; - drikker = case last (init drikke) of { - "r" => drikk ; - _ => drikke + "r" - } - in - mkVerb drikke drikker (drikke + "s") drakk drukket drikk ; - - regVerb : Str -> Str -> Verbum = \spise, spiste -> - let - spis = init spise ; - te = Predef.dp 2 spiste - in - case te of { - "te" => vSpis spis ; - "de" => case last spise of { - "e" => vHusk spis ; - _ => vBo spise - } ; - _ => vHusk spis - } ; - - mkVoice : Voice -> Str -> Str = \v,s -> case v of { - Act => s ; - Pass => s + case last s of { - "s" => "es" ; - _ => "s" - } - } ; - - vHusk : Str -> Verbum = \husk -> - mkVerb (husk + "e") (husk + "er") (husk + "es") (husk + "ede") (husk + "et") husk ; - - vSpis : Str -> Verbum = \spis -> - mkVerb (spis + "e") (spis + "er") (spis + "es") (spis + "te") (spis + "t") spis ; - - vBo : Str -> Verbum = \bo -> - mkVerb bo (bo + "r") (bo + "es") (bo + "ede") (bo + "et") bo ; - --- pronouns - -oper jag_32 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "jeg" ; - PAcc => "mig" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "min" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "mit" ; - PGen APl => "mine" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P1 - } ; - -oper du_33 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "du" ; - PAcc => "dig" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "din" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "dit" ; - PGen APl => "dine" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P2 - } ; - -oper han_34 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "han" ; - PAcc => "ham" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "hans" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "hans" ; - PGen APl => "hans" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; -oper hon_35 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "hun" ; - PAcc => "hende" ; - PGen (ASg Utr) => "hendes" ; - PGen (ASg Neutr) => "hendes" ; - PGen APl => "hendes" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper vi_36 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "vi" ; - PAcc => "os" ; - PGen _ => "vores" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P1 - } ; - -oper ni_37 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "i" ; - PAcc => "jer" ; - PGen _ => "jeres" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P2 - } ; - -oper de_38 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "de" ; - PAcc => "dem" ; - PGen _ => "deres" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Pl ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper De_38 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "De" ; - PAcc => "Dem" ; - PGen _ => "Deres" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P2 - } ; - -oper den_39 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "den" ; - PAcc => "den" ; - PGen _ => "dens" - } ; - h1 = Utr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - -oper det_40 : ProPN = - {s = table { - PNom => "det" ; - PAcc => "det" ; - PGen _ => "dets" - } ; - h1 = Neutr ; - h2 = Sg ; - h3 = P3 - } ; - - --- from Numerals - -param DForm = ental | ton | tiotal ; - -oper mkTal : Str -> Str -> Str -> {s : DForm => Str} = - \to, tolv, tyve -> - {s = table {ental => to ; ton => tolv ; tiotal => tyve}} ; -oper regTal : Str -> {s : DForm => Str} = \fem -> mkTal fem (fem + "ton") (fem + "tio") ; - numPl : Str -> {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} = \n -> - {s = \\_ => n ; n = Pl} ; - - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/NumeralsDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/NumeralsDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index b96865333..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/NumeralsDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,40 +0,0 @@ --- AR 12/10/2002 following www.geocities.com/tsca.geo/dansk/dknummer.html - -concrete NumeralsDan of Numerals = open Prelude, TypesDan, MorphoDan in { - -lincat - Numeral = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - Digit = {s : DForm => Str} ; - Sub10 = {s : DForm => Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - Sub100 = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - Sub1000 = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - Sub1000000 = {s : Gender => Str ; n : Number} ; - -lin num x = x ; - -lin n2 = mkTal "to" "tolv" "tyve" ; -lin n3 = mkTal "tre" "tretten" "tredive" ; -lin n4 = mkTal "fire" "fjorten" "fyrre" ; -lin n5 = mkTal "fem" "femten" "halvtreds" ; -lin n6 = mkTal "seks" "seksten" "tres" ; -lin n7 = mkTal "syv" "sytten" "halvfjerds" ; -lin n8 = mkTal "otte" "atten" "firs" ; -lin n9 = mkTal "ni" "nitten" "halvfems" ; - - pot01 = {s = table {f => table {Neutr => "et" ; _ => "en"}} ; n = Sg} ; - pot0 d = {s = \\f,g => d.s ! f ; n = Pl} ; - pot110 = numPl "ti" ; - pot111 = numPl "elleve" ; - pot1to19 d = numPl (d.s ! ton) ; - pot0as1 n = {s = n.s ! ental ; n = n.n} ; - pot1 d = numPl (d.s ! tiotal) ; - pot1plus d e = {s = \\g => e.s ! ental ! g ++ "og" ++ d.s ! tiotal ; n = Pl} ; - pot1as2 n = n ; - pot2 d = numPl (d.s ! ental ! Neutr ++ "hundrede") ; - pot2plus d e = - {s = \\g => d.s ! ental ! Neutr ++ "hundrede" ++ "og" ++ e.s ! g ; n = Pl} ; - pot2as3 n = n ; - pot3 n = numPl (n.s ! Neutr ++ "tusind") ; - pot3plus n m = {s = \\g => n.s ! Neutr ++ "tusind" ++ "og" ++ m.s ! g ; n = Pl} ; - -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ParadigmsDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ParadigmsDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d7fc4e4e0..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ParadigmsDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,370 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 Sanish Lexical Paradigms --- --- Aarne Ranta 2003 --- --- This is an API to the user of the resource grammar --- for adding lexical items. It gives functions for forming --- expressions of open categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs. --- --- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are --- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$. --- --- The main difference with $MorphoDan.gf$ is that the types --- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover --- had the design principle of always having existing forms, rather --- than stems, as string arguments of the paradigms. --- --- The structure of functions for each word class $C$ is the following: --- first we give a handful of patterns that aim to cover all --- regular cases. Then we give a worst-case function $mkC$, which serves as an --- escape to construct the most irregular words of type $C$. --- However, this function should only seldom be needed: we have a --- separate module $IrregularEng$, which covers all irregularly inflected --- words. --- --- The following modules are presupposed: - -resource ParadigmsDan = - open (Predef=Predef), Prelude, TypesDan, MorphoDan, SyntaxDan, CategoriesDan in { - ---2 Parameters --- --- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers. - -oper - Gender : Type ; - - utrum : Gender ; - neutrum : Gender ; - --- To abstract over number names, we define the following. - - Number : Type ; - - singular : Number ; - plural : Number ; - --- To abstract over case names, we define the following. - - Case : Type ; - - nominative : Case ; - genitive : Case ; - --- Prepositions used in many-argument functions are just strings. - - Preposition : Type = Str ; - ---2 Nouns - --- Worst case: give all four forms. The gender is computed from the --- last letter of the second form (if "n", then $utrum$, otherwise $neutrum$). - - mkN : (dreng,drengen,drenger,drengene : Str) -> N ; - --- The regular function takes the singular indefinite form and the gender, --- and computes the other forms by a heuristic. --- If in doubt, use the $cc$ command to test! - - regN : Str -> Gender -> N ; - --- This function takes the singular indefinite and definite forms; the --- gender is computed from the definite form. - - mk2N : (bil,bilen : Str) -> N ; - - ---3 Compound nouns --- --- All the functions above work quite as well to form compound nouns, --- such as "fotboll". - - ---3 Relational nouns --- --- Relational nouns ("daughter of x") need a preposition. - - mkN2 : N -> Preposition -> N2 ; - --- The most common preposition is "av", and the following is a --- shortcut for regular, $nonhuman$ relational nouns with "av". - - regN2 : Str -> Gender -> N2 ; - --- Use the function $mkPreposition$ or see the section on prepositions below to --- form other prepositions. --- --- Three-place relational nouns ("the connection from x to y") need two prepositions. - - mkN3 : N -> Preposition -> Preposition -> N3 ; - - ---3 Relational common noun phrases --- --- In some cases, you may want to make a complex $CN$ into a --- relational noun (e.g. "the old town hall of"). However, $N2$ and --- $N3$ are purely lexical categories. But you can use the $AdvCN$ --- and $PrepNP$ constructions to build phrases like this. - --- ---3 Proper names and noun phrases --- --- Proper names, with a regular genitive, are formed as follows - - regPN : Str -> Gender -> PN ; -- John, John's - --- Sometimes you can reuse a common noun as a proper name, e.g. "Bank". - - nounPN : N -> PN ; - --- To form a noun phrase that can also be plural and have an irregular --- genitive, you can use the worst-case function. - - mkNP : Str -> Str -> Number -> Gender -> NP ; - ---2 Adjectives - --- Non-comparison one-place adjectives need three forms: - - mkA : (galen,galet,galne : Str) -> A ; - --- For regular adjectives, the other forms are derived. - - regA : Str -> A ; - --- In most cases, two forms are enough. - - mk2A : (stor,stort : Str) -> A ; - ---3 Two-place adjectives --- --- Two-place adjectives need a preposition for their second argument. - - mkA2 : A -> Preposition -> A2 ; - --- Comparison adjectives may need as many as five forms. - - mkADeg : (stor,stort,store,storre,storst : Str) -> ADeg ; - --- The regular pattern works for many adjectives, e.g. those ending --- with "ig". - - regADeg : Str -> ADeg ; - --- Just the comparison forms can be irregular. - - irregADeg : (tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> ADeg ; - --- Sometimes just the positive forms are irregular. - - mk3ADeg : (galen,galet,galna : Str) -> ADeg ; - mk2ADeg : (bred,bredt : Str) -> ADeg ; - --- If comparison is formed by "mer, "mest", as in general for --- long adjective, the following pattern is used: - - compoundADeg : A -> ADeg ; -- -/mer/mest norsk - --- From a given $ADeg$, it is possible to get back to $A$. - - adegA : ADeg -> A ; - - ---2 Adverbs - --- Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position --- after the verb. Some can be preverbal (e.g. "always"). - - mkAdv : Str -> Adv ; - mkAdV : Str -> AdV ; - --- Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed. - - mkAdA : Str -> AdA ; - ---2 Prepositions --- --- A preposition is just a string. - - mkPreposition : Str -> Preposition ; - ---2 Verbs --- --- The worst case needs six forms. - - mkV : (spise,spiser,spises,spiste,spist,spis : Str) -> V ; - --- The 'regular verb' function is the first conjugation. - - regV : (snakke : Str) -> V ; - --- The almost regular verb function needs the infinitive and the preteritum. - - mk2V : (leve,levde : Str) -> V ; - --- There is an extensive list of irregular verbs in the module $IrregularSwe$. --- In practice, it is enough to give three forms, as in school books. - - irregV : (drikke, drakk, drukket : Str) -> V ; - - ---3 Verbs with a particle. --- --- The particle, such as in "switch on", is given as a string. - - partV : V -> Str -> V ; - ---3 Deponent verbs. --- --- Some words are used in passive forms only, e.g. "hoppas". - - depV : V -> V ; - ---3 Two-place verbs --- --- Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object. --- (transitive verbs). Notice that a particle comes from the $V$. - - mkV2 : V -> Preposition -> V2 ; - - dirV2 : V -> V2 ; - ---3 Three-place verbs --- --- Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which --- the first one or both can be absent. - - mkV3 : V -> Str -> Str -> V3 ; -- speak, with, about - dirV3 : V -> Str -> V3 ; -- give,_,to - dirdirV3 : V -> V3 ; -- give,_,_ - ---3 Other complement patterns --- --- Verbs and adjectives can take complements such as sentences, --- questions, verb phrases, and adjectives. - - mkV0 : V -> V0 ; - mkVS : V -> VS ; - mkV2S : V -> Str -> V2S ; - mkVV : V -> VV ; - mkV2V : V -> Str -> Str -> V2V ; - mkVA : V -> VA ; - mkV2A : V -> Str -> V2A ; - mkVQ : V -> VQ ; - mkV2Q : V -> Str -> V2Q ; - - mkAS : A -> AS ; - mkA2S : A -> Str -> A2S ; - mkAV : A -> AV ; - mkA2V : A -> Str -> A2V ; - - ---2 Definitions of the paradigms --- --- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are --- hidden from the document. ---. - - Gender = SyntaxDan.NounGender ; - Number = TypesDan.Number ; - Case = TypesDan.Case ; - utrum = NUtr ; - neutrum = NNeutr ; - singular = Sg ; - plural = Pl ; - nominative = Nom ; - genitive = Gen ; - - mkN x y z u = let sb = mkSubstantive x y z u - in {s = \\n,b,c => sb.s ! SF n b c ; g = extNGen y ; lock_N = <>} ; - regN x g = case last x of { - "e" => case g of { - NUtr => mkN x (x + "n") (x + "r") (x + "rne") ; - NNeutr => mkN x (x + "t") (x + "r") (init x + "ene") - } ; - _ => case g of { - NUtr => mkN x (x + "en") (x + "er") (x + "rene") ; - NNeutr => mkN x (x + "et") (x + "") (x + "ene") - } - } ; - - mk2N x y = case last y of { - "n" => regN x utrum ; - _ => regN x neutrum - } ; - - - mkN2 = \n,p -> n ** {lock_N2 = <> ; s2 = p} ; - regN2 n g = mkN2 (regN n g) (mkPreposition "av") ; - mkN3 = \n,p,q -> n ** {lock_N3 = <> ; s2 = p ; s3 = q} ; - - regPN n g = {s = \\c => mkCase n ! c ; g = g} ** {lock_PN = <>} ; - nounPN n = {s = n.s ! singular ! Indef ; g = n.g ; lock_PN = <>} ; - mkNP x y n g = - {s = table {PGen _ => x ; _ => y} ; g = genNoun g ; n = n ; p = P3 ; - lock_NP = <>} ; - - mkA a b c = extractPositive (mkAdjective a b c [] []) ** {lock_A = <>} ; - mk2A a b = mkA a b (a + "e") ; - regA a = extractPositive (regADeg a) ** {lock_A = <>} ; - - mkA2 a p = a ** {s2 = p ; lock_A2 = <>} ; - - mkADeg a b c d e = mkAdjective a b c d e ** {lock_ADeg = <>} ; - regADeg a = case Predef.dp 2 a of { ----- "ig" => aBillig a ; - "sk" => aRask a ; - _ => case last a of { - "t" => aAbstrakt a ; - _ => aRod a - }} ** {lock_ADeg = <>} ; - irregADeg a b c = mkAdjective a (a + "t") (a + "e") b c ** {lock_ADeg = <>} ; - mk3ADeg a b c = mkAdjective a b c (a + "ere") (a + "est") ** {lock_ADeg = <>} ; - mk2ADeg a b = mkAdjective a b (a + "e") (a + "ere") (a + "est") ** {lock_ADeg = <>} ; - - mkAdv x = ss x ** {lock_Adv = <>} ; - mkAdV x = ss x ** {lock_AdV = <>} ; - mkAdA x = ss x ** {lock_AdA = <>} ; - - mkPreposition p = p ; - - mkV a b c d e f = mkVerb a b c d e f ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - - regV a = case last a of { - "e" => vHusk (init a) ; - _ => vBo a - } ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - - mk2V a b = regVerb a b ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - - irregV x y z = irregVerb x y z - ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ; - - partV v p = {s = v.s ; s1 = p ; lock_V = <>} ; - depV v = deponentVerb v ** {lock_V = <>} ; - - mkV2 v p = v ** {s = v.s ; s1 = v.s1 ; s2 = p ; lock_V2 = <>} ; - dirV2 v = mkV2 v [] ; - - mkV3 v p q = v ** {s = v.s ; s1 = v.s1 ; s2 = p ; s3 = q ; lock_V3 = <>} ; - dirV3 v p = mkV3 v [] p ; - dirdirV3 v = dirV3 v [] ; - - mkV0 v = v ** {lock_V0 = <>} ; - mkVS v = v ** {lock_VS = <>} ; - mkV2S v p = mkV2 v p ** {lock_V2S = <>} ; - mkVV v = v ** {isAux = False ; lock_VV = <>} ; - mkV2V v p t = mkV2 v p ** {s3 = t ; lock_V2V = <>} ; - mkVA v = v ** {lock_VA = <>} ; - mkV2A v p = mkV2 v p ** {lock_V2A = <>} ; - mkVQ v = v ** {lock_VQ = <>} ; - mkV2Q v p = mkV2 v p ** {lock_V2Q = <>} ; - - mkAS v = v ** {lock_AS = <>} ; - mkA2S v p = mkA2 v p ** {lock_A2S = <>} ; - mkAV v = v ** {lock_AV = <>} ; - mkA2V v p = mkA2 v p ** {lock_A2V = <>} ; - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ResourceDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ResourceDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 4d7df5a13..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/ResourceDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete ResourceDan of Resource = RulesDan, StructuralDan, ClauseDan ** {} ; - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/RulesDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/RulesDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7fffac93f..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/RulesDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete RulesDan of Rules = CategoriesDan ** - RulesScand with (SyntaxScand=SyntaxDan) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/StructuralDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/StructuralDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index c4c8e9ce2..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/StructuralDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,107 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - ---1 The Top-Level Swedish Resource Grammar: Structural Words --- --- Aarne Ranta 2002 -- 2004 --- -concrete StructuralDan of Structural = - CategoriesDan, NumeralsDan ** open Prelude, MorphoDan, SyntaxDan in { - - flags optimize=values ; - - lin - - UseNumeral i = { - s = \\g => table {Nom => i.s ! g ; Gen => i.s ! g ++ "s"} ; --- - n = i.n - } ; - - above_Prep = ss "ovenfor" ; - after_Prep = ss "efter" ; - by8agent_Prep = ss "af" ; - all8mass_Det = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "all" "alt" IndefP ; - all_NDet = mkDeterminerPl "alle" IndefP ; - almost_Adv = ss "næsten" ; - although_Subj = ss ["selv om"] ; - and_Conj = ss "og" ** {n = Pl} ; - because_Subj = ss ["fordi"] ; - before_Prep = ss "før" ; - behind_Prep = ss "bag" ; - between_Prep = ss "mellem" ; - both_AndConjD = sd2 "både" "og" ** {n = Pl} ; - by8means_Prep = ss "med" ; - can8know_VV = mkVerb "kunne" "kan" nonExist "kunne" "kunnet" nonExist ** - {s1 = [] ; isAux = True} ; - can_VV = mkVerb "kunne" "kan" nonExist "kunne" "kunnet" nonExist ** - {s1 = [] ; isAux = True} ; - during_Prep = ss "under" ; - either8or_ConjD = sd2 "enten" "eller" ** {n = Sg} ; - everybody_NP = let alla = table {Nom => "alle" ; Gen => "alles"} in - {s = \\c => alla ! npCase c ; g = Utr ; n = Pl ; p = P3} ; - every_Det = varjeDet ; - everything_NP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "alt" NNeutr) ; - everywhere_Adv = advPost "overalt" ; - from_Prep = ss "fra" ; - he_NP = pronNounPhrase han_34 ; - how_IAdv = ss "hvor" ; - how8many_IDet = mkDeterminerPl ["hvor mange"] IndefP ; - if_Subj = ss "hvis" ; - in8front_Prep = ss "fremfor" ; ---- ? - i_NP = pronNounPhrase jag_32 ; - in_Prep = ss "i" ; - it_NP = pronNounPhrase det_40 ; ---- - many_Det = mkDeterminerPl "mange" IndefP ; - most_Det = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den meste"] ["det meste"] (DefP Def) ; - most8many_Det = flestaDet ; - much_Det = mkDeterminerSg (detSgInvar "meget") IndefP ; - must_VV = mkVerb "måtte" "må" "mås" "måtte" "måttet" "må" ** - {s1 = [] ; isAux = True} ; ---- ? - on_Prep = ss "på" ; - or_Conj = ss "eller" ** {n = Sg} ; - otherwise_Adv = ss "anderledes" ; ---- ? - part_Prep = ss "af" ; - no_Phr = ss ["Nej ."] ; - yes_Phr = ss ["Ja ."] ; - possess_Prep = ss "af" ; - quite_Adv = ss "temmelig" ; - she_NP = pronNounPhrase hon_35 ; - so_Adv = ss "så" ; - somebody_NP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "nogen" NUtr) ; - some_Det = mkDeterminerSgGender2 "nogen" "noget" IndefP ; - some_NDet = mkDeterminerPlNum "nogle" IndefP ; - something_NP = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "noget" NNeutr) ; - somewhere_Adv = advPost ["et eller andet sted"] ; ---- ? - that_Det = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den der"] ["det der"] (DefP Indef) ; - that_NP = regNameNounPhrase ["det der"] NNeutr ; - therefore_Adv = ss "derfor" ; - these_NDet = mkDeterminerPlNum ["de her"] (DefP Indef) ; - they8fem_NP = pronNounPhrase de_38 ; - they_NP = pronNounPhrase de_38 ; - this_Det = mkDeterminerSgGender2 ["den her"] ["det her"] (DefP Indef) ; - this_NP = regNameNounPhrase ["det her"] NNeutr ; - those_NDet = mkDeterminerPlNum ["de der"] (DefP Indef) ; - thou_NP = pronNounPhrase du_33 ; - through_Prep = ss "igennem" ; - too_Adv = ss "for" ; ---- ? - to_Prep = ss "til" ; - under_Prep = ss "under" ; - very_Adv = ss "meget" ; - want_VV = mkVerb "ville" "vil" nonExist "ville" "villet" nonExist ** - {s1 = [] ; isAux = True} ; --- - we_NP = pronNounPhrase (vi_36) ; - what8many_IP = intPronWhat plural ; - what8one_IP = intPronWhat singular ; - when_IAdv = ss "hvornår" ; - when_Subj = ss "når" ; - where_IAdv = ss "hver" ; - which8one_IDet = vilkenDet ; - which8many_IDet = mkDeterminerPl "hvilke" IndefP ; - who8many_IP = intPronWho plural ; - who8one_IP = intPronWho singular ; - why_IAdv = ss "hvorfor" ; - without_Prep = ss "uden" ; - with_Prep = ss "med" ; - ye_NP = pronNounPhrase (ni_37) ; - you_NP = pronNounPhrase De_38 ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/SyntaxDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/SyntaxDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9d59588b7..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/SyntaxDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,120 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../../prelude - -instance SyntaxDan of SyntaxScand = TypesDan ** - open Prelude, (CO = Coordination), MorphoDan in { - - flags optimize=all ; - - oper ------- mkAdjForm - --- When common nouns are extracted from lexicon, the composite noun form is ignored. - - npDet : NounPhrase = nameNounPhrase (mkProperName "det" NNeutr) ; - - mkAdjForm : Species -> Number -> NounGender -> AdjFormPos = \b,n,g -> - case of { - => Strong (ASg (genNoun g)) ; - => Strong APl ; - => Weak - } ; - - verbFinnas : Verb = - deponentVerb (mkVerb "finde" "finder" "findes" "fandt" "fundet" "find" ** {s1 = []}) ; - verbVara = mkVerb "være" "er" nonExist "var" "været" "vær" ** {s1 = []} ; - verbHava = mkVerb "have" "har" "haves" "havde" "haft" "hav" ** {s1 = []} ; - - relPronForms : RelCase => GenNum => Str = table { - RNom => \\_ => "som" ; - RAcc => \\_ => variants {"som" ; []} ; - RGen => \\_ => "hvis" ; - RPrep => pronVilken - } ; - - pronVilken = table { - ASg Utr => "hvilken" ; - ASg Neutr => "hvilket" ; - APl => "hvilke" - } ; - - pronSådan = table { - ASg Utr => "sådan" ; - ASg Neutr => "sådant" ; - APl => "sådanne" - } ; - - pronNågon = table { - ASg Utr => "nogen" ; - ASg Neutr => "noget" ; - APl => "nogle" - } ; - - specDefPhrase : Bool -> Species = \b -> - if_then_else Species b Indef Def ; - - superlSpecies = Indef ; - - artIndef = table {Utr => "en" ; Neutr => "et"} ; - - artDef : Bool => GenNum => Str = table { - True => table { - ASg Utr => "den" ; - ASg Neutr => "det" ; -- det gamla huset - APl => variants {"de"} - } ; - False => table {_ => []} -- huset - } ; - - auxHar = "har" ; - auxHade = "havde" ; - auxHa = "have" ; - auxSka = "vil" ; - auxSkulle = "ville" ; - - infinAtt, subordAtt = "at" ; - - varjeDet : Determiner = mkDeterminerSg (detSgInvar "hver") IndefP ; - allaDet : Determiner = mkDeterminerPl "alle" IndefP ; - flestaDet : Determiner = mkDeterminerPl ["de fleste"] IndefP ; - - prepÄn = "end" ; - negInte = "ikke" ; - - conjOm = "hvis" ; - - pronVars = "hvis" ; - pronVem = "hvem" ; - pronVems = "hvis" ; ---- ?? - pronVad = "hvad" ; - ---- added with Nor - - conjGender : Gender -> Gender -> Gender = \m,n -> - case of { - => Utr ; - _ => Neutr - } ; - - mkDeterminerSgGender3 : Str -> Str -> Str -> SpeciesP -> Determiner = \en,_,ett -> - mkDeterminerSgGender (table {Utr => en ; Neutr => ett}) ; - - reflPron : Number -> Person -> Str = \n,p -> case of { - => "mig" ; - => "dig" ; - => "os" ; - => "seg" ; --- ? dere ? - _ => "seg" - } ; - - progressiveVerbPhrase : VerbPhrase -> VerbGroup = - complVerbVerb - {s = verbVara.s ; s1 = "ved" ; isAux = False} ; - - progressiveClause : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Clause = \np,vp -> - predVerbGroupClause np - (complVerbVerb - {s = verbVara.s ; s1 = "ved" ; isAux = False} - vp) ; - - conjEt = "og" ; -} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TimeDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TimeDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index f2d4ede02..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TimeDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,33 +0,0 @@ -concrete TimeDan of Time = NumeralsDan ** - open Prelude, TypesDan, CategoriesDan, ParadigmsDan in { - -lincat -Date = SS ; -Weekday = N ; -Hour = SS ; -Minute = SS ; -Time = SS ; - -lin -DayDate day = ss (day.s ! singular ! Indef ! nominative) ; -DayTimeDate day time = ss (day.s ! singular ! Indef ! nominative ++ "klokken" ++ time.s) ; - -FormalTime = infixSS "og" ; -PastTime h m = ss (m.s ++ "over" ++ h.s) ; -ToTime h m = ss (m.s ++ "på" ++ h.s) ; -ExactTime h = ss (h.s ++ "akkurat") ; - -NumHour n = {s = n.s ! Neutr} ; -NumMinute n = {s = n.s ! Neutr} ; - -monday = regN "mandag" utrum ; -tuesday = regN "tirsdag" utrum ; -wednesday = regN "onsdag" utrum ; -thursday = regN "torsdag" utrum ; -friday = regN "fredag" utrum ; -saturday = regN "lørdag" utrum ; -sunday = regN "søndag" utrum ; - - - -} ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TypesDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TypesDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7271f6da0..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/TypesDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,26 +0,0 @@ ---1 Danish Word Classes and Morphological Parameters --- --- This is a resource module for Italian morphology, defining the --- morphological parameters and word classes of Italian. --- The morphology is so far only --- complete w.r.t. the syntax part of the resource grammar. --- It does not include those parameters that are not needed for --- analysing individual words: such parameters are defined in syntax modules. - -instance TypesDan of TypesScand = { - -param - Gender = Utr | Neutr ; - NounGender = NUtr | NNeutr ; - -oper - genNoun = \s -> case s of {NUtr => Utr ; NNeutr => Neutr} ; - sexNoun _ = NoMasc ; - gen2nounGen = \s -> case s of {Utr => NUtr ; Neutr => NNeutr} ; - - utrum = Utr ; neutrum = Neutr ; - -param - AdjFormPos = Strong GenNum | Weak ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbphraseDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbphraseDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 7659374e9..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbphraseDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - -concrete VerbphraseDan of Verbphrase = CategoriesDan ** - VerbphraseScand with (SyntaxScand=SyntaxDan) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDan.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDan.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 376fcf0af..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDan.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,71 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../../prelude - --- see: http://frodo.bruderhof.com/norskklassen/commonverbs.htm - -concrete VerbsDan of VerbsDanAbs = CategoriesDan ** open ParadigmsDan in { - - flags optimize=values ; - - lin be_V = irregV "be" "bad" "bedt" ; - lin bite_V = irregV "bite" (variants {"bet" ; "beit"}) "bitt" ; - lin bli_V = irregV "bli" (variants {"ble" ; "blei"}) "blitt" ; - lin brenne_V = irregV "brenne" (variants {"brant" ; "brente"}) "brent" ; - lin bringe_V = irregV "bringe" "brakte" "brakt" ; - lin burde_V = irregV "burde" "burde" "burdet" ; - lin bære_V = irregV "bære" "bar" "båret" ; - lin dra_V = mkV "dra" "drar" "dras" "drog" (variants {"dradd" ; "dratt"}) "dra" ; - lin drikke_V = irregV "drikke" "drakk" "drukket" ; - lin drive_V = irregV "drive" (variants {"drev" ; "dreiv"}) "drevet" ; - lin dø_V = irregV "dø" (variants {"dødde" ; "døde"}) "dødd" ; - lin eie_V = irregV "eie" (variants {"eide" ; "åtte"}) (variants {"eid" ; "ått"}) ; - lin falle_V = irregV "falle" "falt" "falt" ; - lin finne_V = irregV "finne" "fant" "funnet" ; - lin fly_V = irregV "fly" (variants {"fløy" ; "flaug"}) (variants {"fløyet" ; "flydd"}) ; lin flyte_V = irregV "flyte" (variants {"fløte" ; "flaut"}) "flytt" ; - lin foretrekke_V = irregV "foretrekke" "foretrakk" "foretrukket" ; - lin forlate_V = irregV "forlate" "forlot" "forlatt" ; - lin forstå_V = irregV "forstå" "forstod" "forstått" ; - lin fortelle_V = irregV "fortelle" "fortalte" "fortalt" ; - lin fryse_V = irregV "fryse" "frøs" "frosset" ; - lin få_V = irregV "få" "fikk" "fått" ; - lin gi_V = irregV "gi" "gav" "gitt" ; - lin gjelde_V = irregV "gjelde" (variants {"gjaldt" ; "galdt"}) "gjeldt" ; - lin gjøre_V = irregV "gjøre" "gjorde" "gjort" ; - lin gni_V = irregV "gni" (variants {"gned" ; "gnei" ; "gnidde"}) "gnidd" ; - lin gå_V = irregV "gå" "gikk" "gått" ; - lin ha_V = irregV "ha" "hadde" "hatt" ; - lin hente_V = irregV "hente" "hentet" "hendt" ; - lin hete_V = irregV "hete" (variants {"het" ; "hette"}) "hett" ; - lin hjelpe_V = irregV "hjelpe" "hjalp" "hjulpet" ; - lin holde_V = irregV "holde" "holdt" "holdt" ; - lin komme_V = irregV "komme" "kom" "kommet" ; - lin kunne_V = irregV "kunne" "kunne" "kunnet" ; - lin la_V = irregV "la" "lot" "latt" ; - lin legge_V = irregV "legge" "la" "lagt" ; - lin ligge_V = irregV "ligge" "lå" "ligget" ; - lin løpe_V = irregV "løpe" "løp" (variants {"løpt" ; "løpet"}) ; - lin måtte_V = irregV "måtte" "måtte" "måttet" ; - lin renne_V = irregV "renne" "rant" "rent" ; - lin se_V = irregV "se" "så" "sett" ; - lin selge_V = irregV "selge" "solgte" "solgt" ; - lin sette_V = irregV "sette" "satte" "satt" ; - lin si_V = irregV "si" "sa" "sagt" ; - lin sitte_V = irregV "sitte" "satt" "sittet" ; - lin skjære_V = irregV "skjære" "skar" "skåret" ; - lin skrive_V = irregV "skrive" "skrev" "skrevet" ; - lin skulle_V = irregV "skulle" "skulle" "skullet" ; - lin slå_V = irregV "slå" "slo" "slått" ; - lin slåss_V = mkV "slåss" "slåss" "slåss" "sloss" "slåss" "slåss" ; - lin sove_V = irregV "sove" "sov" "sovet" ; - lin springe_V = irregV "springe" "sprang" "sprunget" ; - lin spørre_V = irregV "spørre" "spurte" "spurt" ; - lin stikke_V = irregV "stikke" "stakk" "stukket" ; - lin stå_V = irregV "stå" "stod" "stått" ; - lin suge_V = irregV "suge" (variants {"sugde" ; "saug"}) "sugd" ; - lin synes_V = irregV "synes" "syntes" (variants {"synes" ; "syns"}) ; - lin synge_V = irregV "synge" "sang" "sunget" ; - lin ta_V = irregV "ta" "tok" "tatt" ; - lin treffe_V = irregV "treffe" "traff" "truffet" ; - lin trives_V = irregV "trives" "trivdes" (variants {"trives" ; "trivs"}) ; - lin ville_V = irregV "ville" "ville" "villet" ; - lin vite_V = mkV "vite" "vet" "vetes" "visste" "visst" "vit" ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDanAbs.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDanAbs.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9da6aaa7a..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/danish/VerbsDanAbs.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,65 +0,0 @@ -abstract VerbsDanAbs = Categories ** { - fun be_V : V ; - fun bite_V : V ; - fun bli_V : V ; - fun brenne_V : V ; - fun bringe_V : V ; - fun burde_V : V ; - fun bære_V : V ; - fun dra_V : V ; - fun drikke_V : V ; - fun drive_V : V ; - fun dø_V : V ; - fun eie_V : V ; - fun falle_V : V ; - fun finne_V : V ; - fun fly_V : V ; - fun flyte_V : V ; - fun foretrekke_V : V ; - fun forlate_V : V ; - fun forstå_V : V ; - fun fortelle_V : V ; - fun fryse_V : V ; - fun få_V : V ; - fun gi_V : V ; - fun gjelde_V : V ; - fun gjøre_V : V ; - fun gni_V : V ; - fun gå_V : V ; - fun ha_V : V ; - fun hente_V : V ; - fun hete_V : V ; - fun hjelpe_V : V ; - fun holde_V : V ; - fun komme_V : V ; - fun kunne_V : V ; - fun la_V : V ; - fun legge_V : V ; - fun ligge_V : V ; - fun løpe_V : V ; - fun måtte_V : V ; - fun renne_V : V ; - fun se_V : V ; - fun selge_V : V ; - fun sette_V : V ; - fun si_V : V ; - fun sitte_V : V ; - fun skjære_V : V ; - fun skrive_V : V ; - fun skulle_V : V ; - fun slå_V : V ; - fun slåss_V : V ; - fun sove_V : V ; - fun springe_V : V ; - fun spørre_V : V ; - fun stikke_V : V ; - fun stå_V : V ; - fun suge_V : V ; - fun synes_V : V ; - fun synge_V : V ; - fun ta_V : V ; - fun treffe_V : V ; - fun trives_V : V ; - fun ville_V : V ; - fun vite_V : V ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Makefile b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Makefile deleted file mode 100644 index 36c699f19..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Makefile +++ /dev/null @@ -1,56 +0,0 @@ -all: gfdoc htmls gifs - -htmls: - htmls gf-resource.html - -gfdoc: - gfdoc ../abstract/Categories.gf ; mv ../abstract/Categories.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Rules.gf ; mv ../abstract/Rules.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Verbphrase.gf ; mv ../abstract/Verbphrase.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Clause.gf ; mv ../abstract/Clause.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Structural.gf ; mv ../abstract/Structural.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Basic.gf ; mv ../abstract/Basic.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Time.gf ; mv ../abstract/Time.html . - gfdoc ../abstract/Lang.gf ; mv ../abstract/Lang.html . - gfdoc ../swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf ; mv ../swedish/ParadigmsSwe.html . - gfdoc ../swedish/VerbsSwe.gf ; mv ../swedish/VerbsSwe.html . - gfdoc ../swedish/BasicSwe.gf ; mv ../swedish/BasicSwe.html . - gfdoc ../english/ParadigmsEng.gf ; mv ../english/ParadigmsEng.html . - gfdoc ../english/VerbsEng.gf ; mv ../english/VerbsEng.html . - gfdoc ../english/BasicEng.gf ; mv ../english/BasicEng.html . - gfdoc ../french/ParadigmsFre.gf ; mv ../french/ParadigmsFre.html . - gfdoc ../french/VerbsFre.gf ; mv ../french/VerbsFre.html . - gfdoc ../french/BasicFre.gf ; mv ../french/BasicFre.html . - - gfdoc ../norwegian/ParadigmsNor.gf ; mv ../norwegian/ParadigmsNor.html . - gfdoc ../norwegian/VerbsNor.gf ; mv ../norwegian/VerbsNor.html . - gfdoc ../norwegian/BasicNor.gf ; mv ../norwegian/BasicNor.html . - - gfdoc ../finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf ; mv ../finnish/ParadigmsFin.html . - gfdoc ../finnish/BasicFin.gf ; mv ../finnish/BasicFin.html . - - gfdoc ../italian/ParadigmsIta.gf ; mv ../italian/ParadigmsIta.html . - gfdoc ../italian/BasicIta.gf ; mv ../italian/BasicIta.html . - gfdoc ../italian/BeschIta.gf ; mv ../italian/BeschIta.html . - - gfdoc ../spanish/ParadigmsSpa.gf ; mv ../spanish/ParadigmsSpa.html . - gfdoc ../spanish/BasicSpa.gf ; mv ../spanish/BasicSpa.html . - gfdoc ../spanish/BeschSpa.gf ; mv ../spanish/BeschSpa.html . - -gifs: api lang scand low - -api: -# echo "pm -printer=graph | wf Resource.dot" | gf ../abstract/Resource.gf - dot -Tgif ResourceVP.dot>Resource.gif - -lang: - echo "pm -printer=graph | wf Lang.dot" | gf ../abstract/Lang.gf - dot -Tgif Lang.dot>Lang.gif - -low: - echo "pm -printer=graph | wf Low.dot" | gf ../english/RulesEng.gf - dot -Tgif Low.dot >Low.gif - -scand: - echo "pm -printer=graph | wf Scand.dot" | gf ../swedish/RulesSwe.gf - dot -Tgif Scand.dot >Scand.gif diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Resource.dot b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Resource.dot deleted file mode 100644 index 5a80a5c6c..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/Resource.dot +++ /dev/null @@ -1,28 +0,0 @@ -digraph { - -Verbphrase [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Verbphrase.gf"]; -Clause -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Resource [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Resource.gf"]; -Resource -> Rules [style = "solid"]; -Resource -> Clause [style = "solid"]; -Resource -> Structural [style = "solid"]; - -Clause [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Clause.gf"]; -Clause -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Rules [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Rules.gf"]; -Rules -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Structural [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Structural.gf"]; -Structural -> Categories [style = "solid"]; -Structural -> Numerals [style = "solid"]; - -Categories [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Categories.gf"]; -Categories -> PredefAbs [style = "solid"]; - -PredefAbs [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "PredefAbs.gf"]; - -Numerals [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Numerals.gf"]; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ResourceVP.dot b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ResourceVP.dot deleted file mode 100644 index d31fcc288..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ResourceVP.dot +++ /dev/null @@ -1,28 +0,0 @@ -digraph { - -Verbphrase [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Verbphrase.gf"]; -Verbphrase -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Resource [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Resource.gf"]; -Resource -> Rules [style = "solid"]; -Resource -> Clause [style = "solid"]; -Resource -> Structural [style = "solid"]; - -Rules [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Rules.gf"]; -Rules -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Clause [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Clause.gf"]; -Clause -> Categories [style = "solid"]; - -Structural [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Structural.gf"]; -Structural -> Categories [style = "solid"]; -Structural -> Numerals [style = "solid"]; - -Categories [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Categories.gf"]; -Categories -> PredefAbs [style = "solid"]; - -PredefAbs [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "PredefAbs.gf"]; - -Numerals [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", URL = "Numerals.gf"]; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.dot b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.dot deleted file mode 100644 index 5f3ec23ba..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.dot +++ /dev/null @@ -1,29 +0,0 @@ -digraph { - -GrammarSwe [style = "solid", shape = "box", color = "green"]; -GrammarSwe -> GrammarScand [style = "solid"]; -GrammarSwe -> SyntaxSwe [style = "solid"]; - -LexiconSwe [style = "solid", shape = "box", color = "red"]; -LexiconSwe -> MorphoSwe [style = "solid"]; - -GrammarScand [style = "solid", shape = "box"]; -GrammarScand -> SyntaxScand [style = "solid"]; - -SyntaxScand [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse"]; -SyntaxScand -> TypesScand [style = "solid"]; - -SyntaxSwe [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", color = "yellow"]; -SyntaxSwe -> SyntaxScand [style = "solid"]; -SyntaxSwe -> TypesSwe [style = "solid"]; -SyntaxSwe -> MorphoSwe [style = "solid"]; - -MorphoSwe [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", color="red"]; -MorphoSwe -> TypesSwe [style = "solid"]; - -TypesSwe [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse", color = "yellow"]; -TypesSwe -> TypesScand [style = "solid"]; - -TypesScand [style = "solid", shape = "ellipse"]; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.gif b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.gif deleted file mode 100644 index 279ece665..000000000 Binary files a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/ScanMod.gif and /dev/null differ diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Animals.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Animals.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 33b56e740..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Animals.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ --- The Question grammar specialized to animals. - -abstract Animals = Questions ** { - - flags startcat=Phrase ; - - fun - -- a lexicon of animals and actions among them - Dog, Cat, Mouse, Lion, Zebra : Entity ; - Chase, Eat, See : Action ; -} - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index e8a9c474a..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:resource/english:resource/abstract:resource/../prelude - -concrete AnimalsEng of Animals = QuestionsEng ** - open ResourceEng, ParadigmsEng, VerbsEng in { - - lin - Dog = regN "dog" ; - Cat = regN "cat" ; - Mouse = mk2N "mouse" "mice" ; - Lion = regN "lion" ; - Zebra = regN "zebra" ; - Chase = dirV2 (regV "chase") ; - Eat = dirV2 eat_V ; - See = dirV2 see_V ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d35de8243..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:resource/french:resource/romance:resource/abstract:resource/../prelude - -concrete AnimalsFre of Animals = QuestionsFre ** - open ResourceFre, ParadigmsFre, VerbsFre in { - - lin - Dog = regN "chien" masculine ; - Cat = regN "chat" masculine ; - Mouse = regN "souris" feminine ; - Lion = regN "lion" masculine ; - Zebra = regN "zèbre" masculine ; - Chase = dirV2 (regV "chasser") ; - Eat = dirV2 (regV "manger") ; - See = voir_V2 ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index acd839317..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/AnimalsSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,15 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:resource/swedish:resource/scandinavian:resource/abstract:resource/../prelude - -concrete AnimalsSwe of Animals = QuestionsSwe ** - open ResourceSwe, ParadigmsSwe, VerbsSwe in { - - lin - Dog = regN "hund" utrum ; - Cat = mk2N "katt" "katter" ; - Mouse = mkN "mus" "musen" "möss" "mössen" ; - Lion = mk2N "lejon" "lejon" ; - Zebra = regN "zebra" utrum ; - Chase = dirV2 (regV "jaga") ; - Eat = dirV2 äta_V ; - See = dirV2 se_V ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/HandQuestionsI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/HandQuestionsI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 9915cc8d5..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/HandQuestionsI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,20 +0,0 @@ ---# -path=.:resource/abstract:resource/../prelude - --- Language-independent question grammar parametrized on Resource. - -incomplete concrete QuestionsI of Questions = open Resource in { - lincat - Phrase = Phr ; - Entity = N ; - Action = V2 ; - lin - Who act obj = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) - (QPredV2 who8one_IP act (IndefNumNP NoNum (UseN obj)))) ; - Whom subj act = - QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) - (IntSlash who8one_IP (SlashV2 (DefOneNP (UseN subj)) act))) ; - Answer subj act obj = - IndicPhrase (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) - (SPredV2 (DefOneNP (UseN subj)) act (IndefNumNP NoNum (UseN obj)))) ; -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Questions.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Questions.gf deleted file mode 100644 index bb25e785d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/Questions.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,10 +0,0 @@ --- Simple questions and answers, in present tense. - -abstract Questions = { - cat - Phrase ; Entity ; Action ; - fun - Who : Action -> Entity -> Phrase ; -- who chases X - Whom : Entity -> Action -> Phrase ; -- whom does X chase - Answer : Entity -> Action -> Entity -> Phrase ; -- X chases Y -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsEng.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsEng.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 62234bfec..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsEng.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -concrete QuestionsEng of Questions = QuestionsI with - (Resource = ResourceEng) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsFre.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsFre.gf deleted file mode 100644 index 37b5f242d..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsFre.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -concrete QuestionsFre of Questions = QuestionsI with - (Resource = ResourceFre) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gf deleted file mode 100644 index d216059d7..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,19 +0,0 @@ --- File generated by GF from ./QuestionsI.gfe ---# -resource=../../english/LangEng.gf - --- to compile: gf -examples QuestionsI.gfe - -incomplete concrete QuestionsI of Questions = open Resource in { - lincat - Phrase = Phr ; - Entity = N ; - Action = V2 ; - - lin - Who love_V2 man_N = QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (QPredV2 who8one_IP love_V2 (IndefNumNP NoNum (UseN man_N)))) ; - Whom man_N love_V2 = QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntSlash who8many_IP (SlashV2 (DefOneNP (UseN man_N)) love_V2))) ; -- AMBIGUOUS: --- QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (IntSlash who8one_IP (SlashV2 (DefOneNP (UseN man_N)) love_V2))) ; - - Answer woman_N love_V2 man_N = IndicPhrase (UseCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul) (SPredV2 (DefOneNP (UseN woman_N)) love_V2 (IndefNumNP NoNum (UseN man_N)))) ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gfe b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gfe deleted file mode 100644 index 89337dc58..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsI.gfe +++ /dev/null @@ -1,16 +0,0 @@ ---# -resource=../../english/LangEng.gf - --- to compile: gf -examples QuestionsI.gfe - -incomplete concrete QuestionsI of Questions = open Resource in { - lincat - Phrase = Phr ; - Entity = N ; - Action = V2 ; - - lin - Who love_V2 man_N = in Phr "who loves men ?" ; - Whom man_N love_V2 = in Phr "whom does the man love ?" ; - Answer woman_N love_V2 man_N = in Phr "the woman loves men ." ; - -} diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsSwe.gf b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsSwe.gf deleted file mode 100644 index e4eb5cf76..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/QuestionsSwe.gf +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -concrete QuestionsSwe of Questions = QuestionsI with - (Resource = ResourceSwe) ; diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/mkAnimals.gfs b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/mkAnimals.gfs deleted file mode 100644 index 304263eb9..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/example/mkAnimals.gfs +++ /dev/null @@ -1,4 +0,0 @@ - i -ex AnimalsEng.gf ;; s - i AnimalsFre.gf ;; s - i AnimalsSwe.gf ;; s - pm | wf animals.gfcm diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-logo.gif b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-logo.gif deleted file mode 100644 index 283534cfa..000000000 Binary files a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-logo.gif and /dev/null differ diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-resource.html b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-resource.html deleted file mode 100644 index 570cf09d3..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/gf-resource.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1073 +0,0 @@ - - - -
    - - - -

    The GF Resource Grammar Library

    - -

    - - - - -Fifth Version, 18 January 2006 (some notes on v 1.0). -
    -Fourth Version, 2 November 2005. -
    -Third Version, 22 May 2005. Completed 1 July. -Second Version, 1 March 2005 -First Draft, 7 February 2005 -     - -

    - -Aarne Ranta - -

    - -aarne@cs.chalmers.se -

    - - - - -

    GF = Grammatical Framework

    - -GF is a grammar formalism based on functional programming and type theory. - -

    - -GF was designed to be nice for ordinary programmers to use: by this -we mean programmers without training in linguistics. - -

    - -The mission of GF is to make natural-language applications available for -ordinary programmers, in tasks like -

      -
    • software documentation -
    • domain-specific translation -
    • human-computer interaction -
    • dialogue systems -
    -Thus GF is not primarily another theoretical framework for -linguists. - - - - -

    Multilingual grammars

    - -A GF grammar consists of an abstract syntax and a set -of concrete syntaxes. - -

    - -Abstract syntax: language-independent representation -

    -  cat Prop ; Nat ;
-  fun Even : Nat -> Prop ;
-  fun NInt : Int -> Nat ;
-
    -Concrete syntax: mapping from abstract syntax trees to strings in a language -(English, French, German, Swedish,...) -
    -  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "is" ++ "even"} ; 
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "est" ++ "pair"} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "ist" ++ "gerade"} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "är" ++ "jämnt"} ;
-
    -We can translate between languages via the abstract syntax: -
    -  4 is even                  4 ist gerade
-             \              /
-               Even (NInt 4)
-             /              \
-  4 est pair                  4 är jämnt
-
    - -

    - -But is it really so simple? - - - -

    Difficulties with concrete syntax

    - -Most languages have rules of inflection, agreement, -and word order, which have to be obeyed when putting together -expressions. - -

    - -The previous multilingual grammar breaks these rules in many situations: -

    -2 and 3 is even
    -la somme de 3 et de 5 est pair
    -wenn 2 ist gerade, dann 2+2 ist gerade
    -om 2 är jämnt, 2+2 är jämnt
    -     -All these sentences are grammatically incorrect. - - - - -

    Solving the difficulties

    - -GF has tools for expressing the linguistic rules that are needed to -produce correct translations in different languages. - -

    - -Instead of just strings, we need

    parameters, tables, -and record types. For instance, French: -

    -  param Mod = Ind | Subj ;
-  param Gen = Masc | Fem ;
-
-  lincat Nat = {s : Str ; g : Gen} ;
-  lincat Prop = {s : Mod => Str} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s =
-      table {
-        m => x.s ++
-             case m   of {Ind  => "est" ;  Subj => "soit"} ++
-             case x.g of {Masc => "pair" ; Fem  => "paire"}
-      }
-    } ;
-
    -To learn more about these constructs, consult GF documentation, e.g. the -New Grammarian's Tutorial. -However, in what follows we will show how to avoid learning them and -still write linguistically correct grammars. - - - -

    Language + Libraries

    - -Writing natural language grammars still requires -theoretical knowledge about the language. - -

    - -Which kind of a programmer is it easier to find? -

      -
    • one who can write a sorting algorithm -
    • one who can write a grammar for Swedish determiners -
    - -

    - -In main-stream programming, sorting algorithms are not -written by hand but taken from libraries. - -

    - -In the same way, we want to create grammar libraries that encapsulate -basic linguistic facts. - -

    - -Cf. the Java success story: the language is just a half of the -success - libraries are another half. - - - - -

    Example of library-based grammar writing

    - -To define a Swedish expression of a mathematical predicate from scratch: -
    -  Even x =
-    let jämn = case <x.n,x.g> of {
-      <Sg,Utr>   => "jämn" ;
-      <Sg,Neutr> => "jämnt" ;
-      <Pl,_>     => "jämna"
-      }
-    in
-    {s = table {
-      Main => x.s ! Nom ++ "är" ++ jämn ;
-      Inv  => "är" ++ x.s ! Nom ++ jämn ;
-      Sub  => x.s ! Nom ++ "är" ++ jämn
-      }
-    }
-
    -To use library functions for syntax and morphology: -
    -  Even = predA (regA "jämn") ;
-
    -For the French version, we write -
    -  Even = predA (regA "pair") ;
-
    - - - - -

    Questions in grammar library design

    - -What should there be in the library? -
    -
  • morphology, lexicon, syntax, semantics,... - -

    - -How do we organize and present the library? -
    -

  • division into modules, level of granularity -
    -
  • "school grammar" vs. sophisticated linguistic concepts - -

    - -Where do we get the data from? -
    -

  • automatic extraction or hand-writing? -
    -
  • reuse of existing resources? -
    -Extra constraint: we want open-source free software and -hence cannot use existing proprietary resources. - - - -

    Answers to questions in grammar library design

    - -The current GF resource grammar library has -made the following decisions: -

    -The library has, for each language -
    -

  • complete morphology, some lexicon (500 words), representative fragment of syntax, -very little semantics, - -

    - -Organization and presentation: -
    -

  • division into top-level (API) modules, and internal modules (only -interesting for resource implementors) -
    -
  • the API is, as much as possible, common in different languages -
    -
  • we favour "school grammar" concepts rather than innovative linguistic theory - -

    - -Where do we get the data from? -
    -

  • morphology and syntax are hand-written -
    -
  • the 500-word lexicon is hand-written, but a tool is provided - for automatic lexicon extraction -
    -
  • we have not reused existing resources -
    -The resource grammar library is entirely -open-source free software (under GNU GPL license). - - - - - - -

    The scope of a resource grammar library for a language

    - -All morphological paradigms - -

    - -Basic lexicon of structural, common, and irregular words - -

    - -Basic syntactic structures - -

    - -Currently,
    -

  • no semantics,
    -
  • no language-specific structures if not necessary for expressivity. - - - - - - -

    Success criteria

    - -Grammatical correctness - -

    - -Semantic coverage: you can express whatever you want. - -

    - -Usability as library for non-linguists. - -

    - -(Bonus for linguists:) nice generalizations w.r.t. language -families, using the module system of GF. - - - - -

    These are not our success criteria

    - -Language coverage: to be able to parse all expressions. -
    -Example: -the French passé simple tense, although covered by the -morphology, is not used in the language-independent API, but -only the passé composé is. However, an application -accessing the French-specific (or Romance-specific) -modules can use the passé simple. - -

    - -Semantic correctness: only to produce meaningful expressions. -
    -Example: the following sentences can be generated -

    -  colourless green ideas sleep furiously
-
-  the time is seventy past forty-two
-
    -However, an applicatio grammar can use a domain-specific -semantics to guarantee semantic well-formedness. - -

    - -(Warning for linguists:) theoretical innovation in -syntax is not among the goals -(and it would be hidden from users anyway!). - - - - -

    So where is semantics?

    - -GF incorporates a Logical Framework and is therefore -capable of expressing logical semantics à la Montague -or any other flavour, including anaphora and discourse. - -

    - -But we do not try to give semantics once and -for all for the whole language. - -

    - -Instead, we expect semantics to be given in -application grammars built on semantic models -of different domains. - -

    - -Example application: number theory -

    -  fun Even : Nat -> Prop ;         -- a mathematical predicate
-
-  lin Even = predA (regA "even") ; -- English translation
-  lin Even = predA (regA "pair") ; -- French translation
-  lin Even = predA (regA "jämn") ; -- Swedish translation
-
    -How could the resource predict that just these -translations are correct in this domain? - -

    - -Application grammars are built by experts of these domains -who - thanks to resource grammars - do no more need to be -experts in linguistics. - - - - - - - - -

    Languages

    - -The current GF Resource Project covers ten languages: - -The first three letters (Dan etc) are used in grammar module names - - - - -

    Library structure 1: language-independent API

    - - -
  • Lang is the top module collecting all of the following. - -

    - -

  • syntactic Categories (parts of speech, word classes), e.g. -
    -  V ; NP ; CN ; Det ;  -- verb, noun phrase, common noun, determiner
-
    -
  • Rules for combining words and phrases, e.g. -
    -  DetNP : Det -> CN -> NP ; -- combine Det and CN into NP
-
    -
  • the most common Structural words (determiners, -conjunctions, pronouns) (now 83), e.g. -
    -  and_Conj : Conj ;
-
    Numerals, number words from 1 to 999,999 with their -inflections, e.g. -
    -  n8 : Digit ;
-
    Basic lexicon of (now 218) frequent everyday words -
    -  man_N : N ;
-
    - -

    - -In addition, and not included in Lang, there is -

  • SwadeshLex, lexicon of (now 206) words from the -Swadesh list, e.g. -
    -  squeeze_V : V ;
-
    -Of course, there is some overlap between SwadeshLex and the other modules. - - - -

    Library structure 2: language-dependent modules

    - -
  • morphological Paradigms, e.g. Swedish -
    -  mkN : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> Gender -> N ; -- worst-case nouns
-  mkN : Str -> N ;                                -- regular nouns
-
    -
  • (in some languages) irregular Verbs, e.g. -
    -  angripa_V = irregV "angripa" "angrep" "angripit" ;
-
    -
  • (not yet available) Extended syntax with language-specific rules -
    -  PassBli : V2 -> NP -> VP ;  -- bli överkörd av ngn
-
    - - - - -

    How much can be language-independent?

    - -For the ten languages we have considered, it is possible -to implement the current API. - -

    - -Reservations: -

    - - - -

    Library structure: language-independent API

    - -
    - -
    - - - -

    API documentation

    - -Categories - -

    -Rules - -

    -Two alternative views on sentence formation by predication: -Clause, -Verbphrase - -

    -Structural - -

    - -Time - -

    -Basic - -

    - -Lang - -

    - -See also resource v 1.0 documentation, -now implemented for English, German, and Swedish. - - - - -

    Paradigms documentation

    - -English paradigms -
    -example use of English oaradigms -
    -English verbs - -

    - -Finnish paradigms -
    -example use of Finnish oaradigms - -

    - -French paradigms -
    -example use of French paradigms -
    -French verbs - -

    - -Italian paradigms -
    -example use of Italian paradigms -
    -Italian verb conjugations - -

    - -Norwegian paradigms -
    -example use of Norwegian paradigms -
    -Norwegian verbs -

    - -Spanish paradigms -
    -example use of Spanish paradigms -
    -Spanish verb conjugations -

    - -Swedish paradigms -
    -example use of Swedish paradigms -
    -Swedish verbs - - - - -

    Use as top-level grammar: testing

    - -Import a set of LangX grammars: -
    -  i english/LangEng.gf
-  i swedish/LangSwe.gf
-
    -Alternatively, you can make a precompiled package of -all the languages by using lib/resource/Makefile: -
    -  make
-  gf langs.gfcm
-
    -Then you can test with translation, random generation, morphological analysis... -
    -  > p -lang=LangEng "I have loved her." | l -lang=LangFre
-  Je l' ai aimée.
-
-  > gr -cat=NP | l -multi
-  The sock
-  Strumpan
-  Strømpen
-  La media
-  La calza
-  La chaussette
-  Sukka
-
    - - - -

    Use as top-level grammar: language learning quizzes

    - -Morpho quiz with words (e.g. French verbs): -
    -  i french/VerbsFre.gf
-  mq -cat=V
-
    -Morpho quiz with phrases (e.g. Swedish clauses): -
    -  i swedish/LangSwe.gf
-  mq -cat=Cl
-
    -Translation quiz with sentences (e.g. sentences from English to Swedish): -
    -  i swedish/LangEng.gf
-  i swedish/LangSwe.gf
-  tq -cat=S LangEng LangSwe
-
    - - - - - -

    Use as library

    - -Import directly by open: -
    -  concrete AppNor of App = open LangNor, ParadigmsNor in {...}
-
    -(Note for the users of GF 2.1 and older: -the dummy reuse modules and their bulky .gfr versions -are no longer needed!) - -

    - -If you need to convert resource records to strings, and don't want to know -the concrete type (as you never should), you can use -

    -  Predef.toStr : (L : Type) -> L -> Str ; 
-
    -L must be a linearization type. For instance, -
    -  toStr LangNor.CN (ModAP (PositADeg old_ADeg) (UseN car_N))
-  ---> "gammel bil"
-
    - - - - - -

    Use as library through parser

    - -You can use the parser with a LangX grammar -when developing a resource. - -

    - -Using the -v option shows if the parser fails because -of unknown words. -

    -  > p -cat=S -v -lexer=words "jag ska åka till Chalmers"
-  unknown tokens [TS "åka",TS "Chalmers"]
-
    -Then try to select words that LangX recognizes: -
    -  > p -cat=S "jag ska springa till Danmark"
-  UseCl (PosTP TFuture ASimul)
-    (AdvCl (SPredV i_NP run_V)
-    (AdvPP (PrepNP to_Prep (UsePN (PNCountry Denmark)))))
-
    -Use these API structures and extend vocabulary to match your need. -
    -  åka_V = lexV "åker" ; 
-  Chalmers = regPN "Chalmers" neutrum ;
-
    - - -

    Syntax editor as library browser

    - -You can run the syntax editor on LangX to -find resource API functions through context-sensitive menus. -For instance, the shell command -
    -  gfeditor LangEng.gf LangFre.gf
-
    -opens the editor with English and French views. The - -Editor User Manual gives more information on the use of the editor. - -

    - -A restriction of the editor is that it does not give access to -ParadigmsX modules. An IDE environment extending the editor -to a grammar programming tool is work in progress. - - - - - -

    Example application: a small translation system

    - -In this system, you can express questions and answers of -the following forms: -
    -  Who chases mice ?
-  Whom does the lion chase ?
-  The dog chases cats.
-
    -We build the abstract syntax in two phases: - - -

    - -The concrete syntax of English is built in three phases: -

    - -

    - -The concrete syntax of Swedish is built upon QuestionsI -in a similar way, with the modules -QuestionsSwe and. -AnimalsSwe. - -

    - -The concrete syntax of French consists similarly of the modules -QuestionsFre and -AnimalsFre. - - - - - -

    Compiling the example application

    - -The resources are bulky, and it takes a therefore a lot of -time and memory to load the grammars. However, they can be -compiled into the gfcm -(GF canonical multilingual) format, -which is almost one thousand times smaller and faster to load -for this set of grammars. - -

    - -To produce an end-user multilingual grammar animals.gfcm, -write the sequence of compilation commands in a gfs (GF script) -file, say -mkAnimals.gfs, -and then call GF with -

    -  gf <mkAnimals.gfs
-
    -To try out the grammar, -
    -  > i animals.gfcm
-
-  > gr | l -multi
-  vem jagar hundar ?
-  qui chasse des chiens ?
-  who chases dogs ?
-
    - - - - -

    Grammar writing by examples

    - -(New in GF 2.3) - -

    - -You can use the resource grammar as a parser on a special file format, -.gfe ("GF examples"). Here is the real source, -QuestionsI.gfe, which -generated -QuestionsI.gf. -when you executed the GF command -

    -  i -ex AnimalsEng.gf
-
    -Since QuestionsI is an incomplete module ("functor"), -it need only be built once. This is why only the first -command in mkAnimals.gfs needs the flag -ex. - -

    - -Of course, the grammar of any language can be created by -parsing any language, as long as they have a common resource API. -The use of English resource is generally recommended, because it -is smaller and faster to parse than the other languages. - - - -

    Constants and variables in examples

    - -The file QuestionsI.gfe uses -as resource LangEng, which contains all resource syntax and -a lexicon of ca. 300 words. A linearization rule, such as -
    -  lin Who love_V2 man_N = in Phr "who loves men ?" ;
-
    -uses as argument variables constants for words that can be found in -the lexicon. It is due to this that the example can be parsed. -When the resulting rule, -
    -  lin Who love_V2 man_N =
-    QuestPhrase (UseQCl (PosTP TPresent ASimul)
-      (QPredV2 who8one_IP love_V2 (IndefNumNP NoNum (UseN man_N)))) ;
-
    -is read by the GF compiler, the identifiers love_V2 and -man_N are not treated as constants, but, following -the normal binding rules of functional languages, as bound variables. -This is what gives the example method the generality that is needed. - -

    - -To write linearization rules by examples one thus has to know at -least one abstract syntax constant for each category for which -one needs a variable. - - - - -

    Extending the lexicon on the fly

    - -The greatest limitation of the example method is that the lexicon -may lack many of the words that are needed in examples. If parsing -fails because of this, the compiler gives a list of unknown words -in its error message. An obvious solution is, -of course, to extend the resource lexicon and try again. -A more light-weight solution is to add a substitution to -the example. For instance, if you want the example "the pope" -but the lexicon does not have the word "pope", you can write -
    -  lin Pope = in NP "the man" {man_N = regN "pope"} ;
-
    -The resulting linearization rule is initially -
    -  lin Pope = DefOneNP (UseN man_N) ;
-
    -but the substitution changes this to -
    -  lin Pope = DefOneNP (UseN (regN "pope")) ;
-
    -In this way, you do not have to extend the resource lexicon, but you -need to open the Paradigms module to compile the resulting term. - -

    - -Of course, the substituted expressions may come from another language -than the main language of the example: -

    -  lin Pope = in NP "the man" {man_N = regN "pape" masculine} ;
-
    -If many substitutions are needed, semicolons are used as separators: -
    -  {man_N = regN "pope" ; walk_N = regV "pray"} ;
-
    - - - -

    Implementation details: low-level files

    - -For developers of resource grammars. -The modules listed in this section should never be imported in application -grammars. - -

    - -Each of the API implementations uses the following auxiliary resource modules: -

    -In addition, the following language-independent modules from lib/prelude -are used. - - - - -

    Implementation details: the structure of low-level files

    - -
    - -
    - - - -

    How to change a resource grammar?

    - -In many cases, the source of a bug is in one of -the low-level modules. Try to trace it back there -by starting from the high-level module. - -

    - -(Much more to be written...) - - - -

    How to write a resource grammar?

    - -Start with a more limited goal, e.g. to implement -the stoneage grammar (examples/stoneage) -for your language. - -

    - -For this, you need -

    - -

    - -A useful command to test opers: -

    -  i -retain MorphoRot.gf
-  cc regNoun "foo"
-
    - -

    - -See also Resource-HOWTO -(under construction). - - - -

    The use of parametrized modules

    - -In two language families, a lot of code is shared. - -The structure looks like this. -
    - -
    - - - - -

    Current status

    - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
    Language v0.6 v0.9 v1.0 Paradigms Basic lex Verbs
    Danish - X -- - -
    English X X XX X X
    Finnish X + -X X 0
    French X X XX X X
    German X - XX - -
    Italian X X -X X X
    Norwegian - X -X X X
    Russian X X -* - -
    Spanish - X -X X X
    Swedish X X XX X X
    -X = implemented (few exceptions may occur) -
    -+ = implemented for a large part -
    -* = linguistic material ready for implementation -
    -- = not implemented -
    -0 = not applicable - - - -

    Known bugs and limitations

    - -(The listed limitations are ones that do not follow from the table on -the previous page.) -

    -Danish -

    -English: -missing uncontracted negations. -

    -Finnish: -compiling the heuristic paradigms is slow; -possessive and interrogative suffixes have no proper lexer. -

    -French: -no inverted questions; -some verbs in Basic should be reflexive -

    -German -

    -Italian: -no omission of unstressed subject pronouns; -some verbs in Basic should be reflexive; -bad forms of reflexive infinitives -

    -Norwegian: -possessives of type bilen min not included -

    -Russian -

    -Spanish: -no omission of unstressed subject pronouns; -no switch to dative case for human objects; -some verbs in Basic should be reflexive; -bad forms of reflexive infinitives; -spurious parameter for verb auxiliary inherited from Romance - -

    -Swedish: - - - - -

    Obtaining it

    - -Get the grammar package from - -GF Download Page. The current libraries are in -lib/resource. Version 0.6 is in -lib/resource-0.6. - -

    - -The very very latest version of GF and its libraries is in -Snapshots. - - diff --git a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/spraakdata2005.html b/lib/resource-0.9/doc/spraakdata2005.html deleted file mode 100644 index 356acc8a2..000000000 --- a/lib/resource-0.9/doc/spraakdata2005.html +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1461 +0,0 @@ - - - -

    - - - -

    GF Resources for Swedish

    - -

    - -Språkdata Seminar, Gothenburg, 1 March 2005 - -

    - -Aarne Ranta - -

    - -aarne@cs.chalmers.se -

    - - - - -

    Plan

    - -Introduction to resource grammars - -

    - -Swedish morphology and lexicon in GF - -

    - -Syntax case study: Swedish determiners - -

    - -Syntax case study: Swedish sentence structure - -

    - -Danish and Norwegian through parametrization - - - -

    GF = Grammatical Framework

    - -A grammar formalism based on functional programming and type theory. - -

    - -Designed to be nice for ordinary programmers to use. - -

    - -Mission: to make natural-language applications available for -ordinary programmers, in tasks like -

    -Thus not primarily another theoretical framework for -linguists. - - - -

    Multilingual grammars

    - -Abstract syntax: language-independent representation -
    -  cat Prop ; Nat ;
-  fun Even : Nat -> Prop ;
-
    -Concrete syntax: mapping from abstract syntax trees to strings in a language -(English, French, German, Swedish,...) -
    -  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "is" ++ "even"} ; 
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "est" ++ "pair"} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "ist" ++ "gerade"} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s = x.s ++ "är" ++ "jämnt"} ;
-
    -We can translate between language via the abstract syntax. - -

    - -Is it really so simple? - - - -

    Difficulties with concrete syntax

    - -Most languages have rules of inflection, agreement, -and word order, which have to be obeyed when putting together -expressions. - -

    - -The previous multilingual grammar breaks these rules in many situations: -

    -2 and 3 is even
    -la somme de 3 et de 5 est pair
    -wenn 2 ist gerade, dann 2+2 ist gerade
    -om 2 är jämnt, 2+2 är jämnt
    -     - - -

    Solving the difficulties

    - -GF has tools for expressing the linguistic rules that are needed to -produce correct translations in different languages. - -

    - -Instead of just strings, we need

    parameters, tables, -and record types. For instance, French: -

    -  param Mod = Ind | Subj ;
-  param Gen = Masc | Fem ;
-
-  lincat Nat = {s : Str ; g : Gen} ;
-  lincat Prop = {s : Mod => Str} ;
-
-  lin Even x = {s =
-      table {
-        m => x.s ++
-             case m   of {Ind  => "est" ;  Subj => "soit"} ++
-             case x.g of {Masc => "pair" ; Fem  => "paire"}
-      }
-    } ;
-
    - - - - -

    Language + Libraries

    - -Writing natural language grammars still requires -theoretical knowledge about the language. - -

    - -Which kind of a programmer is easier to find? -

    - -

    - -In main-stream programming, sorting algorithms are not -written by hand but taken from libraries. - -

    - -In the same way, we want to create grammar libraries that encapsulate -basic linguistic facts. - -

    - -Cf. the Java success story: the language is just a half of the -success - libraries are another half. - - - - -

    Example of library-based grammar writing

    - -To define a Swedish expression of a mathematical predicate from scratch: -
    -  Even x =
-    let jämn = case <x.n,x.g> of {
-      <Sg,Utr>   => "jämn" ;
-      <Sg,Neutr> => "jämnt" ;
-      <Pl,_>     => "jämna"
-      }
-    in
-    {s = table {
-      Main => x.s ! Nom ++ "är" ++ jämn ;
-      Inv  => "är" ++ x.s ! Nom ++ jämn ;
-      Sub  => x.s ! Nom ++ "är" ++ jämn
-      }
-    }
-
    -To use library functions for syntax and morphology: -
    -  Even = predA (regA "jämn") ;
-
    - - - - -

    Questions in grammar library design

    - -What should there be in the library? -
    -
  • morphology, lexicon, syntax, semantics,... - -

    - -How do we organize and present the library? -
    -

  • division into modules, level of granularity -
    -
  • "school grammar" vs. sophisticated linguistic concepts - -

    - -Where do we get the data from? -
    -

  • automatic extraction or hand-writing? -
    -
  • reuse of existing resources? - -

    - -Extra constraint: we want open-source free software. - - - - - - -

    The scope of the resource grammar library

    - -All morphological paradigms - -

    - -Basic lexicon of structural, common, and irregular words - -

    - -Basic syntactic structures - -

    - -Currently,
    -

  • no semantics,
    -
  • no language-specific structures if not necessary for expressivity. - - - - - -

    Success criteria

    - -Grammatical correctness - -

    - -Semantic coverage: you can express whatever you want. - -

    - -Usability as library for non-linguists. - -

    - -(Bonus for linguists:) nice generalizations w.r.t. language -families, using the module system of GF. - - - - -

    These are not our success criteria

    - -Language coverage: you can parse all expressions. Example: -the French passé simple tense, although covered by the -morhology, is not used in the language-independent API, but -only the passé composé is. - -

    - -Semantic correctness -

    -  colourless green ideas sleep furiously
-
-  the time is seventy past forty-two
-
    - -

    - -(Warning for linguists:) theoretical innovation in -syntax (and it will all be hidden anyway!) - - - - -

    So where is semantics?

    - -GF incorporates a Logical Framework and is therefore -capable of expressing logical semantics à la Montague -or any other flavour, including anaphora and discourse. - -

    - -But we do not try to give semantics once and -for all for the whole language. - -

    - -Instead, we expect semantics to be given in -application grammars built on semantic models -of different domains. - -

    - -Example application: number theory -

    -  fun Even : Nat -> Prop ;         -- a mathematical predicate
-
-  lin Even = predA (regA "even") ; -- English translation
-  lin Even = predA (regA "pair") ; -- French translation
-  lin Even = predA (regA "jämn") ; -- Swedish translation
-
    -How could the resource predict that just these -translations are correct in this domain? - - - - - - -

    Languages

    - -The current GF Resource Project covers ten languages: - -The first three letters (Dan etc) are used in grammar module names - - - -

    Library structure 1: language-independent API

    - -
  • syntactic Categories (parts of speech, word classes) - -

    - -

  • Rules for combining words and phrases, e.g. - -

    - -

  • the most common Structural words (determiners, -conjunctions, pronouns), e.g. - - -

    Library structure 2: language-dependent modules

    - -
  • morphological Paradigms, e.g. - -

    - -

  • Lexicon of frequent words - - -

    - -

  • Extended syntax with language-specific rules - - - - -

    How much can be language-independent?

    - -For the ten languages we have considered, it is possible -to implement the current API. - -

    - -Reservations: -