Founding the newly structured GF2.0 cvs archive.

grammars/resource/english/Morpho.gf

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+--1 A Simple English Resource Morphology
+--
+-- Aarne Ranta 2002
+--
+-- This resource morphology contains definitions needed in the resource
+-- syntax. It moreover contains the most usual inflectional patterns.
+--
+-- We use the parameter types and word classes defined in $types.Eng.gf$.
+
+resource Morpho = Types ** open Prelude in {
+
+--2 Nouns
+--
+-- For conciseness and abstraction, we define a worst-case macro for
+-- noun inflection. It is used for defining special case that
+-- only need one string as argument.
+
+oper
+  mkNoun  : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> CommonNoun = 
+    \man,men, mans, mens -> {s = table {
+       Sg => table {Nom => man ; Gen => mans} ;
+       Pl => table {Nom => men ; Gen => mens}
+      }} ;
+
+  nounReg : Str -> CommonNoun = \dog -> 
+    mkNoun dog (dog + "s") (dog + "'s") (dog + "s'");
+
+  nounS   : Str -> CommonNoun = \kiss -> 
+    mkNoun kiss (kiss + "es") (kiss + "'s") (kiss + "es'") ;
+
+  nounY   : Str -> CommonNoun = \fl -> 
+    mkNoun (fl + "y") (fl + "ies") (fl + "y's") (fl + "ies'") ;
+
+--3 Proper names
+--
+-- Regular proper names are inflected with "'s" in the genitive.
+
+  nameReg : Str -> ProperName = \john -> 
+    {s = table {Nom => john ; Gen => john + "'s"}} ;
+
+
+--2 Pronouns
+--
+-- Here we define personal and relative pronouns.
+
+  mkPronoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> Pronoun = \I,me,my,mine,n,p -> 
+    {s = table {NomP => I ; AccP => me ; GenP => my ; GenSP => mine} ; 
+     n = n ; p = p} ;
+
+  pronI = mkPronoun "I" "me" "my" "mine" Sg P1 ;
+  pronYouSg = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Sg P2 ; -- verb form still OK
+  pronHe = mkPronoun "he" "him" "his" "his" Sg P3 ;
+  pronShe = mkPronoun "she" "her" "her" "hers" Sg P3 ;
+
+  pronWe = mkPronoun "we" "us" "our" "ours" Pl P1 ;
+  pronYouPl = mkPronoun "you" "you" "your" "yours" Pl P2 ;
+  pronThey = mkPronoun "they" "them" "their" "theirs" Pl P3 ;
+
+-- Relative pronouns in the accusative have the 'no pronoun' variant.
+-- The simple pronouns do not really depend on number.
+
+  relPron : RelPron = {s = table {
+    NoHum => \\_ => table {
+      NomP => variants {"that" ; "which"} ;
+      AccP => variants {"that" ; "which" ; []} ;
+      GenP => variants {"whose"} ;
+      GenSP => variants {"which"}
+      } ;
+    Hum => \\_ => table {
+      NomP => variants {"that" ; "who"} ;
+      AccP => variants {"that" ; "who" ; "whom" ; []} ;
+      GenP => variants {"whose"} ;
+      GenSP => variants {"whom"}
+      }
+    }
+  } ;
+
+
+--3 Determiners
+--
+-- We have just a heuristic definition of the indefinite article.
+-- There are lots of exceptions: consonantic "e" ("euphemism"), consonantic
+-- "o" ("one-sided"), vocalic "u" ("umbrella").
+
+  artIndef = pre {"a" ; 
+                  "an" / strs {"a" ; "e" ; "i" ; "o" ; "A" ; "E" ; "I" ; "O" }} ;
+
+  artDef = "the" ;
+
+--2 Adjectives
+--
+-- For the comparison of adjectives, three forms are needed in the worst case.
+
+  mkAdjDegr : (_,_,_ : Str) -> AdjDegr = \good,better,best -> 
+    {s = table {Pos => good ; Comp => better ; Sup => best}} ;
+
+  adjDegrReg : Str -> AdjDegr = \long ->
+    mkAdjDegr long (long + "er") (long + "est") ;
+
+  adjDegrY : Str -> AdjDegr = \lovel ->
+    mkAdjDegr (lovel + "y") (lovel + "ier") (lovel + "iest") ;
+
+-- Many adjectives are 'inflected' by adding a comparison word.
+
+  adjDegrLong : Str -> AdjDegr = \ridiculous ->
+    mkAdjDegr ridiculous ("more" ++ ridiculous) ("most" ++ ridiculous) ;
+
+-- simple adjectives are just strings
+
+  simpleAdj : Str -> Adjective = ss ;
+
+--3 Verbs
+--
+-- Except for "be", the worst case needs two forms.
+
+  mkVerbP3 : (_,_: Str) -> VerbP3 = \goes,go -> 
+    {s = table {InfImp => go ; Indic P3 => goes ; Indic _ => go}} ;
+
+  regVerbP3 : Str -> VerbP3 = \walk -> 
+    mkVerbP3 (walk + "s") walk ;
+
+  verbP3s   : Str -> VerbP3 = \kiss -> 
+    mkVerbP3 (kiss + "es") kiss ;
+
+  verbP3y   : Str -> VerbP3 = \fl -> 
+    mkVerbP3 (fl + "ies") (fl + "y") ;
+
+  verbP3Have = mkVerbP3 "has" "have" ;
+
+  verbP3Do   = verbP3s "do" ;
+
+  verbBe : VerbP3 = {s = table {
+    InfImp => "be" ; 
+    Indic P1 => "am" ; 
+    Indic P2 => "are" ;
+    Indic P3 => "is"
+    }} ;
+
+  verbPart : VerbP3 -> Particle -> Verb = \v,p ->
+    v ** {s1 = p} ;
+
+  verbNoPart : VerbP3 -> Verb = \v -> verbPart v [] ;
+
+-- The optional negation contraction is a useful macro e.g. for "do".
+
+  contractNot : Str -> Str = \is -> variants {is ++ "not" ; is + "n't"} ;
+
+  dont = contractNot (verbP3Do.s ! InfImp) ;
+} ;
+