German determiners

lib/resource-1.0/english/LexEng.gf

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ concrete LexEng of Lex = CatEng ** open ResEng, Prelude in {
     always_AdV = {s = "always"} ;
 
     only_Predet = {s = "only"} ;
-    all_Predet = {s = "only"} ;
+    all_Predet = {s = "all"} ;
     this_Quant = {s = "this" ; n = Sg} ;
     these_Quant = {s = "these" ; n = Pl} ;
     

lib/resource-1.0/german/CatGer.gf

@@ -37,12 +37,14 @@ concrete CatGer of Cat = open ResGer, Prelude, (R = ParamX) in {
 
     Det, Quant = {s : Gender => Case => Str ; n : Number ; a : Adjf} ;
     Predet = {s : Number => Gender => Case => Str} ;
-    Num, Ord = {s : Gender => Case => Str} ;
+    Num = {s : Gender => Case => Str} ;
+    Ord = {s : Adjf => Gender => Case => Str} ;
 
     CN = {s : Adjf => Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
     N  = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
     PN = {s : Case => Str} ;
-    Pron, NP = {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} ;
+    Pron = {s : NPForm => Str ; a : Agr} ;
+    NP = {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} ;
     N2 = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
     N3 = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ** {c2,c3 : Preposition} ;
 

lib/resource-1.0/german/NounGer.gf

@@ -1,25 +1,55 @@
 concrete NounGer of Noun = CatGer ** open ResGer, Prelude in {
---
+
---  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
---
+
---  lin
+  lin
---    DetCN det cn = {
+    DetCN det cn = {
---      s = \\c => det.s ++ cn.s ! det.n ! c ; 
+      s = \\c => det.s ! cn.g ! c ++ cn.s ! adjfCase c ! det.n ! c ;
---      a = agrP3 det.n
+      a = agrP3 det.n ;
---      } ;
+      isPron = False
---    UsePN pn = pn ** {a = agrP3 Sg} ;
+      } 
---    UsePron p = p ;
+     where {
---
+       adjfCase : Case -> Adjf = \c -> case <det.a,c> of {
---    MkDet pred quant num ord = {
+         <Strong, Nom|Acc> => Strong ;
---      s = pred.s ++ quant.s ++ num.s ++ ord.s ; 
+         _ => Weak
---      n = quant.n
+         }
---      } ;
+       } ;      
---
+
---    PossPronSg p = {s = p.s ! Gen ; n = Sg} ;
+    UsePN pn = pn ** {a = agrP3 Sg} ;
---    PossPronPl p = {s = p.s ! Gen ; n = Pl} ;
+    UsePron pron = {
---
+      s = \\c => pron.s ! NPCase c ;
---    NoPredet, NoNum, NoOrd = {s = []} ;
+      a = pron.a
---    NumInt n = n ;
+      } ;
+
+    MkDet pred quant num ord = 
+      let 
+        n = quant.n ;
+        a = quant.a
+      in {
+        s = \\g,c => pred.s ! n ! g ! c ++ quant.s ! g ! c ++ 
+                     num.s ! g ! c ++ ord.s ! a ! g ! c ;
+        n = n ;
+        a = a
+        } ;
+
+    PossPronSg p = {
+      s = \\g,c => p.s ! NPPoss (gennum g Sg) c ;
+      n = Sg ;
+      a = Strong
+      } ;
+
+    PossPronPl p = {
+      s = \\g,c => p.s ! NPPoss (gennum g Pl) c ;
+      n = Pl ;
+      a = Strong
+      } ;
+
+    NoPredet = {s = \\_,_,_ => []} ; 
+    NoNum = {s = \\_,_ => []} ; 
+    NoOrd = {s = \\_,_,_ => []} ;
+
+    NumInt n = {s = \\_,_ => n.s} ;
+
 --
 --    NumNumeral numeral = {s = numeral.s ! NCard} ;
 --    OrdNumeral numeral = {s = numeral.s ! NOrd} ;
@@ -27,24 +57,51 @@ concrete NounGer of Noun = CatGer ** open ResGer, Prelude in {
 --    AdNum adn num = {s = adn.s ++ num.s} ;
 --
 --    OrdSuperl a = {s = a.s ! AAdj Superl} ;
---
+
---    DefSg = {s = artDef ; n = Sg} ;
+    DefSg = {
---    DefPl = {s = artDef ; n = Pl} ;
+      s = \\g,c => artDef ! GSg g ! c ; 
---
+      n = Sg ;
---    IndefSg = {s = artIndef ; n = Sg} ;
+      a = Weak
---    IndefPl = {s = []  ; n = Pl} ;
+      } ;
+    DefPl = {
+      s = \\_,c => artDef ! GPl ! c ; 
+      n = Pl ;
+      a = Weak
+      } ;
+
+    IndefSg = {
+      s = \\g,c => "ein" + pronEnding ! GSg g ! c ;  
+      n = Sg ;
+      a = Strong
+      } ;
+    IndefPl = {
+      s = \\_,_ => [] ; 
+      n = Pl ;
+      a = Strong
+      } ;
 --
 --    ComplN2 f x = {s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ++ f.c2 ++ x.s ! c} ;
 --    ComplN3 f x = {s = \\n,c => f.s ! n ! Nom ++ f.c2 ++ x.s ! c ; c2 = f.c3} ;
---
+
---    AdjCN ap cn = {
+    AdjCN ap cn = 
---      s = \\n,c => preOrPost ap.isPre (ap.s ! agrP3 n) (cn.s ! n ! c)
+      let 
---      } ;
+        g = cn.g 
+      in {
+        s = \\a,n,c => 
+               preOrPost ap.isPre
+                 (ap.s ! agrAdj g a n c)
+                 (cn.s ! a ! n ! c) ;
+        g = g
+        } ;
+
 --    RelCN cn rs = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ rs.s ! {n = n ; p = P3}} ;
 --
 --    SentCN cn s = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ conjThat ++ s.s} ;
 --    QuestCN cn qs = {s = \\n,c => cn.s ! n ! c ++ qs.s ! QIndir} ;
---
+
---    UseN n = n ;
+    UseN n = {
---
+      s = \\_ => n.s ;
+      g = n.g
+      } ;
+
 }

lib/resource-1.0/german/ParamGer.gf

@@ -22,16 +22,20 @@ resource ParamGer = ParamX ** {
 
     GenNum = GSg Gender | GPl ;
 
----- Agreement of $NP$ is a record. We'll add $Gender$ later.
+-- Agreement of $NP$ is a record.
---
+
   oper Agr = {n : Number ; p : Person} ;
 
-----2 For $Adjective$
+-- Pronouns are the worst-case noun phrases, which have both case
+-- and possessive forms.
+
+  param NPForm = NPCase Case | NPPoss GenNum Case ;
+
+--2 For $Adjective$
 
 -- The predicative form of adjectives is not inflected further.
 
-  param 
+  param AForm = APred | AMod Adjf GenNum Case ;  
-    AForm = APred | AMod Adjf GenNum Case ;  
 
 
 --2 For $Verb$
@@ -60,13 +64,23 @@ resource ParamGer = ParamX ** {
 --
 --    CardOrd = NCard | NOrd ;
 --    DForm = unit | teen | ten  ;
---
+
-----2 Transformations between parameter types
+--2 Transformations between parameter types
---
+
---  oper
+  oper
---    agrP3 : Number -> Agr = \n -> 
+    agrP3 : Number -> Agr = \n -> 
---      {n = n ; p = P3} ;
+      {n = n ; p = P3} ;
---
+
+    gennum : Gender -> Number -> GenNum = \g,n ->
+      case n of {
+        Sg => GSg g ;
+        Pl => GPl
+        } ;
+
+    agrAdj : Gender -> Adjf -> Number -> Case -> AForm = \g,a,n,c ->
+      AMod a (gennum g n) c ;
+
+
 --    conjAgr : Agr -> Agr -> Agr = \a,b -> {
 --      n = conjNumber a.n b.n ;
 --      p = conjPerson a.p b.p

lib/resource-1.0/german/ResGer.gf

@@ -31,7 +31,8 @@ resource ResGer = ParamGer ** open Prelude in {
 -- More paradigms are given in $ParadigmsGer$.
 
 -- The worst-case constructor for common nouns needs six forms: all plural forms
--- are always the same except for the dative.
+-- are always the same except for the dative. Actually the six forms are never
+-- needed at the same time, but just subsets of them.
 
   Noun : Type = {s : Number => Case => Str ; g : Gender} ;
 
@@ -44,15 +45,6 @@ resource ResGer = ParamGer ** open Prelude in {
      g = g
     } ;
 
--- But we never need all the six forms at the same time. Often
--- we need just two or four forms.
-
-  mkN4 : (x1,_,_,x4 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \wein,weines,weine,weinen ->
-    mkN wein wein wein weines weine weinen ;
-
-  mkN2 : (x1,x2 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \frau,frauen ->
-    mkN4 frau frau frauen frauen ;
-
 -- Adjectives need four forms: two for the positive and one for the other degrees.
 
   Adjective : Type = {s : Degree => AForm => Str} ;
@@ -65,9 +57,6 @@ resource ResGer = ParamGer ** open Prelude in {
        }
     } ;
 
-  regA : Str -> Adjective = \blau ->
-    mkA blau blau (blau + "er") (blau + "est") ;
-
 -- This auxiliary gives the forms in each degree. 
 
   adjForms : (x1,x2 : Str) -> AForm => Str = \teuer,teur ->
@@ -156,7 +145,88 @@ resource ResGer = ParamGer ** open Prelude in {
        }
      } ;
  
--- Weak verbs, including "lächeln", "kümmern".
+-- This function decides whether to add an "e" to the stem before "t".
+-- Examples: "töten - tötet", "kehren - kehrt", "lernen - lernt", "atmen - atmet".
+
+  addE : Str -> Str = \stem ->
+    let
+      r = init (Predef.dp 2 stem) ;
+      n = last stem ;
+      e = case n of {
+        "t" | "d" => "e" ;
+        "e" | "h" => [] ;
+        _ => case r of {
+          "l" | "r" | "a" | "o" | "u" | "e" | "i" | "ü" | "ä" | "ö"|"h" => [] ;
+          _ => "e" 
+          }
+        }
+    in 
+      stem + e ;
+
+-- Prepositions for complements indicate the complement case.
+
+  Preposition : Type = {s : Str ; c : Case} ;
+
+-- Pronouns and articles
+-- Here we define personal and relative pronouns.
+-- All personal pronouns, except "ihr", conform to the simple
+-- pattern $mkPronPers$.
+
+  ProPN = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ;
+
+  mkPronPers : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> ProPN = 
+    \ich,mich,mir,meiner,mein,n,p -> {
+      s = table {
+        NPCase c    => caselist ich mich mir meiner ! c ;
+        NPPoss gn c => mein + pronEnding ! gn ! c
+        } ;
+      n = n ;
+      p = p
+      } ;
+
+  pronEnding : GenNum => Case => Str = table {
+    GSg Masc => caselist ""  "en" "em" "es" ;
+    GSg Fem  => caselist "e" "e"  "er" "er" ;
+    GSg Neut => caselist ""  ""   "em" "es" ;
+    GPl      => caselist "e"  "e" "en" "er"
+    } ;
+
+  artDef : GenNum => Case => Str = table {
+    GSg Masc => caselist "der" "den" "dem" "des" ;
+    GSg Fem  => caselist "die" "die" "der" "der" ;
+    GSg Neut => caselist "das" "das" "dem" "des" ;
+    GPl      => caselist "die" "die" "den" "der"
+    } ;
+
+
+--
+--    mkIP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> {s : Case => Str ; n : Number} =
+--     \i,me,my,n -> let who = mkNP i me my n P3 in {s = who.s ; n = n} ;
+--
+--    mkNP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> Person -> {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} =
+--     \i,me,my,n,p -> {
+--     s = table {
+--       Nom => i ;
+--       Acc => me ;
+--       Gen => my
+--       } ;
+--     a = {
+--       n = n ;
+--       p = p
+--       }
+--     } ;
+--
+-- These functions cover many cases; full coverage inflectional patterns are
+-- in $MorphoGer$.
+
+  mkN4 : (x1,_,_,x4 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \wein,weines,weine,weinen ->
+    mkN wein wein wein weines weine weinen ;
+
+  mkN2 : (x1,x2 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \frau,frauen ->
+    mkN4 frau frau frauen frauen ;
+
+  regA : Str -> Adjective = \blau ->
+    mkA blau blau (blau + "er") (blau + "est") ;
 
   regV : Str -> Verb = \legen ->
     let 
@@ -178,60 +248,9 @@ resource ResGer = ParamGer ** open Prelude in {
       }
     } ;
 
--- This function decides whether to add an "e" to the stem before "t".
--- Examples: "töten - tötet", "kehren - kehrt", "lernen - lernt", "atmen - atmet".
 
-  addE : Str -> Str = \stem ->
-    let
-      r = init (Predef.dp 2 stem) ;
-      n = last stem ;
-      e = case n of {
-        "t" | "d" => "e" ;
-        "e" => [] ;
-        _ => case r of {
-          "l" | "r" | "a" | "o" | "u" | "e" | "i" | "ü" | "ä" | "ö" | "h" => [] ;
-          _   => "e" 
-          }
-        }
-    in 
-      stem + e ;
 
--- Prepositions for complements indicate the complement case.
 
-  Preposition : Type = {s : Str ; c : Case} ;
-
---
---    mkIP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> {s : Case => Str ; n : Number} =
---     \i,me,my,n -> let who = mkNP i me my n P3 in {s = who.s ; n = n} ;
---
---    mkNP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> Person -> {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} =
---     \i,me,my,n,p -> {
---     s = table {
---       Nom => i ;
---       Acc => me ;
---       Gen => my
---       } ;
---     a = {
---       n = n ;
---       p = p
---       }
---     } ;
---
--- These functions cover many cases; full coverage inflectional patterns are
--- in $MorphoGer$.
---
---    regN : Str -> {s : Number => Case => Str} = \car ->
---      mkNoun car (car + "'s") (car + "s") (car + "s'") ;
---
---    regA : Str -> {s : AForm => Str} = \warm ->
---      mkAdjective warm (warm + "er") (warm + "est") (warm + "ly") ;
---
---    regV : Str -> {s : VForm => Str} = \walk ->
---      mkVerb walk (walk + "s") (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") (walk + "ing") ;
---
---    regNP : Str -> Number -> {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} = \that,n ->
---      mkNP that that (that + "'s") n P3 ;
---
 -- We have just a heuristic definition of the indefinite article.
 -- There are lots of exceptions: consonantic "e" ("euphemism"), consonantic
 -- "o" ("one-sided"), vocalic "u" ("umbrella").