diff --git a/lib/resource-1.0/english/English.gf b/lib/resource-1.0/english/English.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..2b4f474d4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource-1.0/english/English.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+
+concrete English of EnglishAbs = 
+  LangEng,
+--  IrregEng,
+  ExtEng 
+  ** {} ;
diff --git a/lib/resource-1.0/english/EnglishAbs.gf b/lib/resource-1.0/english/EnglishAbs.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..ba1522274
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource-1.0/english/EnglishAbs.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+abstract EnglishAbs = 
+  Lang,
+---  IrregEngAbs,
+  ExtEngAbs
+  ** {} ;
diff --git a/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEng.gf b/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEng.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..714fa31f9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEng.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+concrete ExtEng of ExtEngAbs = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
+
+  lincat
+
+    Aux = {s : Polarity => Str} ;
+    
+  lin
+ 
+    PredAux np aux vp = mkS (np.s ! Nom) np.a
+      (\\t,ant,b,ord,agr => 
+       let 
+        fin  = aux.s ! b ;
+        vf : Str -> Str -> {fin, inf : Str} = \x,y -> 
+          {fin = x ; inf = y} ;
+      in
+      case ant of {
+        Simul => vf fin [] ;
+        Anter => vf fin "have"
+        }
+      )
+      (\\agr => infVP vp agr) ;
+
+    can_Aux  = {s = \\p => posneg p "can"} ; ---- cannt
+    must_Aux = {s = \\p => posneg p "must"} ;
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEngAbs.gf b/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEngAbs.gf
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..85c117e47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lib/resource-1.0/english/ExtEngAbs.gf
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+abstract ExtEngAbs = Cat ** {
+
+  cat
+    Aux ;  -- auxiliary verbs: "can", "must", etc
+
+-- Notice that $Aux$ cannot form $VP$ with infinitive, imperative, etc.
+
+  fun
+    PredAux  : NP -> Aux -> VP -> Cl ;
+    QuestAux : IP -> Aux -> VP -> QCl ;
+
+    can_Aux  : Aux ;
+    must_Aux : Aux ;
+
+}