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documentation for tutorial appendix
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aarne
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doc/gf-help.txt
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doc/gf-help.txt
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=GF Command Help=
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|
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Each command has a long and a short name, options, and zero or more
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arguments. Commands are sorted by functionality. The short name is
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given first.
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|
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||||||
|
Commands and options marked with * are currently not implemented.
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==Commands that change the state==
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|
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|
```
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|
i, import: i File
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|
Reads a grammar from File and compiles it into a GF runtime grammar.
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|
Files "include"d in File are read recursively, nubbing repetitions.
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|
If a grammar with the same language name is already in the state,
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|
it is overwritten - but only if compilation succeeds.
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|
The grammar parser depends on the file name suffix:
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|
.gf normal GF source
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|
.gfc canonical GF
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.gfr precompiled GF resource
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|
.gfcm multilingual canonical GF
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|
.gfe example-based grammar files (only with the -ex option)
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|
.gfwl multilingual word list (preprocessed to abs + cncs)
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|
.ebnf Extended BNF format
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|
.cf Context-free (BNF) format
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.trc TransferCore format
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options:
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|
-old old: parse in GF<2.0 format (not necessary)
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|
-v verbose: give lots of messages
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|
-s silent: don't give error messages
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|
-src from source: ignore precompiled gfc and gfr files
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|
-gfc from gfc: use compiled modules whenever they exist
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|
-retain retain operations: read resource modules (needed in comm cc)
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|
-nocf don't build old-style context-free grammar (default without HOAS)
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|
-docf do build old-style context-free grammar (default with HOAS)
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|
-nocheckcirc don't eliminate circular rules from CF
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|
-cflexer build an optimized parser with separate lexer trie
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|
-noemit do not emit code (default with old grammar format)
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|
-o do emit code (default with new grammar format)
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|
-ex preprocess .gfe files if needed
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|
-prob read probabilities from top grammar file (format --# prob Fun Double)
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|
-treebank read a treebank file to memory (xml format)
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|
flags:
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|
-abs set the name used for abstract syntax (with -old option)
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|
-cnc set the name used for concrete syntax (with -old option)
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|
-res set the name used for resource (with -old option)
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|
-path use the (colon-separated) search path to find modules
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|
-optimize select an optimization to override file-defined flags
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|
-conversion select parsing method (values strict|nondet)
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|
-probs read probabilities from file (format (--# prob) Fun Double)
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|
-preproc use a preprocessor on each source file
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|
-noparse read nonparsable functions from file (format --# noparse Funs)
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|
examples:
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|
i English.gf -- ordinary import of Concrete
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|
i -retain german/ParadigmsGer.gf -- import of Resource to test
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|
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|
r, reload: r
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|
Executes the previous import (i) command.
|
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|
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|
rl, remove_language: rl Language
|
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|
Takes away the language from the state.
|
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|
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|
e, empty: e
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|
Takes away all languages and resets all global flags.
|
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|
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|
sf, set_flags: sf Flag*
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|
The values of the Flags are set for Language. If no language
|
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|
is specified, the flags are set globally.
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|
examples:
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|
sf -nocpu -- stop showing CPU time
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|
sf -lang=Swe -- make Swe the default concrete
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|
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|
s, strip: s
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|
Prune the state by removing source and resource modules.
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|
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|
dc, define_command Name Anything
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|
Add a new defined command. The Name must star with '%'. Later,
|
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|
if 'Name X' is used, it is replaced by Anything where #1 is replaced
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||||||
|
by X.
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||||||
|
Restrictions: Currently at most one argument is possible, and a defined
|
||||||
|
command cannot appear in a pipe.
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|
To see what definitions are in scope, use help -defs.
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|
examples:
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|
dc %tnp p -cat=NP -lang=Eng #1 | l -lang=Swe -- translate NPs
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|
%tnp "this man" -- translate and parse
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|
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|
dt, define_term Name Tree
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|
Add a constant for a tree. The constant can later be called by
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|
prefixing it with '$'.
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|
Restriction: These terms are not yet usable as a subterm.
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|
To see what definitions are in scope, use help -defs.
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|
examples:
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|
p -cat=NP "this man" | dt tm -- define tm as parse result
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|
l -all $tm -- linearize tm in all forms
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|
```
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|
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|
==Commands that give information about the state==
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|
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|
```
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|
pg, print_grammar: pg
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|
Prints the actual grammar (overridden by the -lang=X flag).
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|
The -printer=X flag sets the format in which the grammar is
|
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|
written.
|
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|
N.B. since grammars are compiled when imported, this command
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|
generally does not show the grammar in the same format as the
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|
source. In particular, the -printer=latex is not supported.
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|
Use the command tg -printer=latex File to print the source
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|
grammar in LaTeX.
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|
options:
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|
-utf8 apply UTF8-encoding to the grammar
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|
flags:
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|
-printer
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|
-lang
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|
-startcat -- The start category of the generated grammar.
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|
Only supported by some grammar printers.
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||||||
|
examples:
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|
pg -printer=cf -- show the context-free skeleton
|
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|
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|
pm, print_multigrammar: pm
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|
Prints the current multilingual grammar in .gfcm form.
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|
(Automatically executes the strip command (s) before doing this.)
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|
options:
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|
-utf8 apply UTF8 encoding to the tokens in the grammar
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|
-utf8id apply UTF8 encoding to the identifiers in the grammar
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|
examples:
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|
pm | wf Letter.gfcm -- print the grammar into the file Letter.gfcm
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|
pm -printer=graph | wf D.dot -- then do 'dot -Tps D.dot > D.ps'
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||||||
|
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|
vg, visualize_graph: vg
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|
Show the dependency graph of multilingual grammar via dot and gv.
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
po, print_options: po
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|
Print what modules there are in the state. Also
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||||||
|
prints those flag values in the current state that differ from defaults.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
pl, print_languages: pl
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||||||
|
Prints the names of currently available languages.
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
pi, print_info: pi Ident
|
||||||
|
Prints information on the identifier.
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||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
==Commands that execute and show the session history==
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||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
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||||||
|
eh, execute_history: eh File
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||||||
|
Executes commands in the file.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ph, print_history; ph
|
||||||
|
Prints the commands issued during the GF session.
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||||||
|
The result is readable by the eh command.
|
||||||
|
examples:
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||||||
|
ph | wf foo.hist" -- save the history into a file
|
||||||
|
```
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|
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
==Linearization, parsing, translation, and computation==
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||||||
|
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||||||
|
```
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|
l, linearize: l PattList? Tree
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|
Shows all linearization forms of Tree by the actual grammar
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||||||
|
(which is overridden by the -lang flag).
|
||||||
|
The pattern list has the form [P, ... ,Q] where P,...,Q follow GF
|
||||||
|
syntax for patterns. All those forms are generated that match with the
|
||||||
|
pattern list. Too short lists are filled with variables in the end.
|
||||||
|
Only the -table flag is available if a pattern list is specified.
|
||||||
|
HINT: see GF language specification for the syntax of Pattern and Term.
|
||||||
|
You can also copy and past parsing results.
|
||||||
|
options:
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||||||
|
-struct bracketed form
|
||||||
|
-table show parameters (not compatible with -record, -all)
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||||||
|
-record record, i.e. explicit GF concrete syntax term (not compatible with -table, -all)
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||||||
|
-all show all forms and variants (not compatible with -record, -table)
|
||||||
|
-multi linearize to all languages (can be combined with the other options)
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|
flags:
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||||||
|
-lang linearize in this grammar
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|
-number give this number of forms at most
|
||||||
|
-unlexer filter output through unlexer
|
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|
examples:
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||||||
|
l -lang=Swe -table -- show full inflection table in Swe
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|
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|
p, parse: p String
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|
Shows all Trees returned for String by the actual
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|
grammar (overridden by the -lang flag), in the category S (overridden
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||||||
|
by the -cat flag).
|
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|
options for batch input:
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||||||
|
-lines parse each line of input separately, ignoring empty lines
|
||||||
|
-all as -lines, but also parse empty lines
|
||||||
|
-prob rank results by probability
|
||||||
|
-cut stop after first lexing result leading to parser success
|
||||||
|
-fail show strings whose parse fails prefixed by #FAIL
|
||||||
|
-ambiguous show strings that have more than one parse prefixed by #AMBIGUOUS
|
||||||
|
options for selecting parsing method:
|
||||||
|
-fcfg parse using a fast variant of MCFG (default is no HOAS in grammar)
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|
-old parse using an overgenerating CFG (default if HOAS in grammar)
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||||||
|
-cfg parse using a much less overgenerating CFG
|
||||||
|
-mcfg parse using an even less overgenerating MCFG
|
||||||
|
Note: the first time parsing with -cfg, -mcfg, and -fcfg may take a long time
|
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|
options that only work for the -old default parsing method:
|
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|
-n non-strict: tolerates morphological errors
|
||||||
|
-ign ignore unknown words when parsing
|
||||||
|
-raw return context-free terms in raw form
|
||||||
|
-v verbose: give more information if parsing fails
|
||||||
|
flags:
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||||||
|
-cat parse in this category
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|
-lang parse in this grammar
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|
-lexer filter input through this lexer
|
||||||
|
-parser use this parsing strategy
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|
-number return this many results at most
|
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|
examples:
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|
p -cat=S -mcfg "jag är gammal" -- parse an S with the MCFG
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|
rf examples.txt | p -lines -- parse each non-empty line of the file
|
||||||
|
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||||||
|
at, apply_transfer: at (Module.Fun | Fun)
|
||||||
|
Transfer a term using Fun from Module, or the topmost transfer
|
||||||
|
module. Transfer modules are given in the .trc format. They are
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|
shown by the 'po' command.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-lang typecheck the result in this lang instead of default lang
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
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|
p -lang=Cncdecimal "123" | at num2bin | l -- convert dec to bin
|
||||||
|
|
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|
tb, tree_bank: tb
|
||||||
|
Generate a multilingual treebank from a list of trees (default) or compare
|
||||||
|
to an existing treebank.
|
||||||
|
options:
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||||||
|
-c compare to existing xml-formatted treebank
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||||||
|
-trees return the trees of the treebank
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|
-all show all linearization alternatives (branches and variants)
|
||||||
|
-table show tables of linearizations with parameters
|
||||||
|
-record show linearization records
|
||||||
|
-xml wrap the treebank (or comparison results) with XML tags
|
||||||
|
-mem write the treebank in memory instead of a file TODO
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
gr -cat=S -number=100 | tb -xml | wf tb.xml -- random treebank into file
|
||||||
|
rf tb.xml | tb -c -- compare-test treebank from file
|
||||||
|
rf old.xml | tb -trees | tb -xml -- create new treebank from old
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ut, use_treebank: ut String
|
||||||
|
Lookup a string in a treebank and return the resulting trees.
|
||||||
|
Use 'tb' to create a treebank and 'i -treebank' to read one from
|
||||||
|
a file.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-assocs show all string-trees associations in the treebank
|
||||||
|
-strings show all strings in the treebank
|
||||||
|
-trees show all trees in the treebank
|
||||||
|
-raw return the lookup result as string, without typechecking it
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-treebank use this treebank (instead of the latest introduced one)
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
ut "He adds this to that" | l -multi -- use treebank lookup as parser in translation
|
||||||
|
ut -assocs | grep "ComplV2" -- show all associations with ComplV2
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
tt, test_tokenizer: tt String
|
||||||
|
Show the token list sent to the parser when String is parsed.
|
||||||
|
HINT: can be useful when debugging the parser.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-lexer use this lexer
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
tt -lexer=codelit "2*(x + 3)" -- a favourite lexer for program code
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
g, grep: g String1 String2
|
||||||
|
Grep the String1 in the String2. String2 is read line by line,
|
||||||
|
and only those lines that contain String1 are returned.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-v return those lines that do not contain String1.
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
pg -printer=cf | grep "mother" -- show cf rules with word mother
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
cc, compute_concrete: cc Term
|
||||||
|
Compute a term by concrete syntax definitions. Uses the topmost
|
||||||
|
resource module (the last in listing by command po) to resolve
|
||||||
|
constant names.
|
||||||
|
N.B. You need the flag -retain when importing the grammar, if you want
|
||||||
|
the oper definitions to be retained after compilation; otherwise this
|
||||||
|
command does not expand oper constants.
|
||||||
|
N.B.' The resulting Term is not a term in the sense of abstract syntax,
|
||||||
|
and hence not a valid input to a Tree-demanding command.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-table show output in a similar readable format as 'l -table'
|
||||||
|
-res use another module than the topmost one
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
cc -res=ParadigmsFin (nLukko "hyppy") -- inflect "hyppy" with nLukko
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
so, show_operations: so Type
|
||||||
|
Show oper operations with the given value type. Uses the topmost
|
||||||
|
resource module to resolve constant names.
|
||||||
|
N.B. You need the flag -retain when importing the grammar, if you want
|
||||||
|
the oper definitions to be retained after compilation; otherwise this
|
||||||
|
command does not find any oper constants.
|
||||||
|
N.B.' The value type may not be defined in a supermodule of the
|
||||||
|
topmost resource. In that case, use appropriate qualified name.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-res use another module than the topmost one
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
so -res=ParadigmsFin ResourceFin.N -- show N-paradigms in ParadigmsFin
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
t, translate: t Lang Lang String
|
||||||
|
Parses String in Lang1 and linearizes the resulting Trees in Lang2.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat
|
||||||
|
-lexer
|
||||||
|
-parser
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
t Eng Swe -cat=S "every number is even or odd"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gr, generate_random: gr Tree?
|
||||||
|
Generates a random Tree of a given category. If a Tree
|
||||||
|
argument is given, the command completes the Tree with values to
|
||||||
|
the metavariables in the tree.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-prob use probabilities (works for nondep types only)
|
||||||
|
-cf use a very fast method (works for nondep types only)
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat generate in this category
|
||||||
|
-lang use the abstract syntax of this grammar
|
||||||
|
-number generate this number of trees (not impl. with Tree argument)
|
||||||
|
-depth use this number of search steps at most
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
gr -cat=Query -- generate in category Query
|
||||||
|
gr (PredVP ? (NegVG ?)) -- generate a random tree of this form
|
||||||
|
gr -cat=S -tr | l -- gererate and linearize
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
gt, generate_trees: gt Tree?
|
||||||
|
Generates all trees up to a given depth. If the depth is large,
|
||||||
|
a small -alts is recommended. If a Tree argument is given, the
|
||||||
|
command completes the Tree with values to the metavariables in
|
||||||
|
the tree.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-metas also return trees that include metavariables
|
||||||
|
-all generate all (can be infinitely many, lazily)
|
||||||
|
-lin linearize result of -all (otherwise, use pipe to linearize)
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-depth generate to this depth (default 3)
|
||||||
|
-atoms take this number of atomic rules of each category (default unlimited)
|
||||||
|
-alts take this number of alternatives at each branch (default unlimited)
|
||||||
|
-cat generate in this category
|
||||||
|
-nonub don't remove duplicates (faster, not effective with -mem)
|
||||||
|
-mem use a memorizing algorithm (often faster, usually more memory-consuming)
|
||||||
|
-lang use the abstract syntax of this grammar
|
||||||
|
-number generate (at most) this number of trees (also works with -all)
|
||||||
|
-noexpand don't expand these categories (comma-separated, e.g. -noexpand=V,CN)
|
||||||
|
-doexpand only expand these categories (comma-separated, e.g. -doexpand=V,CN)
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
gt -depth=10 -cat=NP -- generate all NP's to depth 10
|
||||||
|
gt (PredVP ? (NegVG ?)) -- generate all trees of this form
|
||||||
|
gt -cat=S -tr | l -- generate and linearize
|
||||||
|
gt -noexpand=NP | l -mark=metacat -- the only NP is meta, linearized "?0 +NP"
|
||||||
|
gt | l | p -lines -ambiguous | grep "#AMBIGUOUS" -- show ambiguous strings
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ma, morphologically_analyse: ma String
|
||||||
|
Runs morphological analysis on each word in String and displays
|
||||||
|
the results line by line.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-short show analyses in bracketed words, instead of separate lines
|
||||||
|
-status show just the work at success, prefixed with "*" at failure
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-lang
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
wf Bible.txt | ma -short | wf Bible.tagged -- analyse the Bible
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Elementary generation of Strings and Trees==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
ps, put_string: ps String
|
||||||
|
Returns its argument String, like Unix echo.
|
||||||
|
HINT. The strength of ps comes from the possibility to receive the
|
||||||
|
argument from a pipeline, and altering it by the -filter flag.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-filter filter the result through this string processor
|
||||||
|
-length cut the string after this number of characters
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
gr -cat=Letter | l | ps -filter=text -- random letter as text
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
pt, put_tree: pt Tree
|
||||||
|
Returns its argument Tree, like a specialized Unix echo.
|
||||||
|
HINT. The strength of pt comes from the possibility to receive
|
||||||
|
the argument from a pipeline, and altering it by the -transform flag.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-transform transform the result by this term processor
|
||||||
|
-number generate this number of terms at most
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
p "zero is even" | pt -transform=solve -- solve ?'s in parse result
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* st, show_tree: st Tree
|
||||||
|
Prints the tree as a string. Unlike pt, this command cannot be
|
||||||
|
used in a pipe to produce a tree, since its output is a string.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-printer show the tree in a special format (-printer=xml supported)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
wt, wrap_tree: wt Fun
|
||||||
|
Wraps the tree as the sole argument of Fun.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-c compute the resulting new tree to normal form
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
vt, visualize_tree: vt Tree
|
||||||
|
Shows the abstract syntax tree via dot and gv (via temporary files
|
||||||
|
grphtmp.dot, grphtmp.ps).
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-c show categories only (no functions)
|
||||||
|
-f show functions only (no categories)
|
||||||
|
-g show as graph (sharing uses of the same function)
|
||||||
|
-o just generate the .dot file
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
p "hello world" | vt -o | wf my.dot ;; ! open -a GraphViz my.dot
|
||||||
|
-- This writes the parse tree into my.dot and opens the .dot file
|
||||||
|
-- with another application without generating .ps.
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Subshells==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
es, editing_session: es
|
||||||
|
Opens an interactive editing session.
|
||||||
|
N.B. Exit from a Fudget session is to the Unix shell, not to GF.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-f Fudget GUI (necessary for Unicode; only available in X Window System)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ts, translation_session: ts
|
||||||
|
Translates input lines from any of the actual languages to all other ones.
|
||||||
|
To exit, type a full stop (.) alone on a line.
|
||||||
|
N.B. Exit from a Fudget session is to the Unix shell, not to GF.
|
||||||
|
HINT: Set -parser and -lexer locally in each grammar.
|
||||||
|
options:
|
||||||
|
-f Fudget GUI (necessary for Unicode; only available in X Windows)
|
||||||
|
-lang prepend translation results with language names
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat the parser category
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
ts -cat=Numeral -lang -- translate numerals, show language names
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
tq, translation_quiz: tq Lang Lang
|
||||||
|
Random-generates translation exercises from Lang1 to Lang2,
|
||||||
|
keeping score of success.
|
||||||
|
To interrupt, type a full stop (.) alone on a line.
|
||||||
|
HINT: Set -parser and -lexer locally in each grammar.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
tq -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe -- quiz for NPs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
tl, translation_list: tl Lang Lang
|
||||||
|
Random-generates a list of ten translation exercises from Lang1
|
||||||
|
to Lang2. The number can be changed by a flag.
|
||||||
|
HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat
|
||||||
|
-number
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
tl -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe -- quiz list for NPs
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
mq, morphology_quiz: mq
|
||||||
|
Random-generates morphological exercises,
|
||||||
|
keeping score of success.
|
||||||
|
To interrupt, type a full stop (.) alone on a line.
|
||||||
|
HINT: use printname judgements in your grammar to
|
||||||
|
produce nice expressions for desired forms.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat
|
||||||
|
-lang
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
mq -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe -- quiz for Swedish nouns
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
ml, morphology_list: ml
|
||||||
|
Random-generates a list of ten morphological exercises,
|
||||||
|
keeping score of success. The number can be changed with a flag.
|
||||||
|
HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-cat
|
||||||
|
-lang
|
||||||
|
-number
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
ml -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe -- quiz list for Swedish nouns
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==IO-related commands==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
rf, read_file: rf File
|
||||||
|
Returns the contents of File as a String; error if File does not exist.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
wf, write_file: wf File String
|
||||||
|
Writes String into File; File is created if it does not exist.
|
||||||
|
N.B. the command overwrites File without a warning.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
af, append_file: af File
|
||||||
|
Writes String into the end of File; File is created if it does not exist.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* tg, transform_grammar: tg File
|
||||||
|
Reads File, parses as a grammar,
|
||||||
|
but instead of compiling further, prints it.
|
||||||
|
The environment is not changed. When parsing the grammar, the same file
|
||||||
|
name suffixes are supported as in the i command.
|
||||||
|
HINT: use this command to print the grammar in
|
||||||
|
another format (the -printer flag); pipe it to wf to save this format.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-printer (only -printer=latex supported currently)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
* cl, convert_latex: cl File
|
||||||
|
Reads File, which is expected to be in LaTeX form.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
sa, speak_aloud: sa String
|
||||||
|
Uses the Flite speech generator to produce speech for String.
|
||||||
|
Works for American English spelling.
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
h | sa -- listen to the list of commands
|
||||||
|
gr -cat=S | l | sa -- generate a random sentence and speak it aloud
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
si, speech_input: si
|
||||||
|
Uses an ATK speech recognizer to get speech input.
|
||||||
|
flags:
|
||||||
|
-lang: The grammar to use with the speech recognizer.
|
||||||
|
-cat: The grammar category to get input in.
|
||||||
|
-language: Use acoustic model and dictionary for this language.
|
||||||
|
-number: The number of utterances to recognize.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
h, help: h Command?
|
||||||
|
Displays the paragraph concerning the command from this help file.
|
||||||
|
Without the argument, shows the first lines of all paragraphs.
|
||||||
|
options
|
||||||
|
-all show the whole help file
|
||||||
|
-defs show user-defined commands and terms
|
||||||
|
-FLAG show the values of FLAG (works for grammar-independent flags)
|
||||||
|
examples:
|
||||||
|
h print_grammar -- show all information on the pg command
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
q, quit: q
|
||||||
|
Exits GF.
|
||||||
|
HINT: you can use 'ph | wf history' to save your session.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
!, system_command: ! String
|
||||||
|
Issues a system command. No value is returned to GF.
|
||||||
|
example:
|
||||||
|
! ls
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
?, system_command: ? String
|
||||||
|
Issues a system command that receives its arguments from GF pipe
|
||||||
|
and returns a value to GF.
|
||||||
|
example:
|
||||||
|
h | ? 'wc -l' | p -cat=Num
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Flags==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
The availability of flags is defined separately for each command.
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
|
-cat, category in which parsing is performed.
|
||||||
|
The default is S.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-depth, the search depth in e.g. random generation.
|
||||||
|
The default depends on application.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-filter, operation performed on a string. The default is identity.
|
||||||
|
-filter=identity no change
|
||||||
|
-filter=erase erase the text
|
||||||
|
-filter=take100 show the first 100 characters
|
||||||
|
-filter=length show the length of the string
|
||||||
|
-filter=text format as text (punctuation, capitalization)
|
||||||
|
-filter=code format as code (spacing, indentation)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-lang, grammar used when executing a grammar-dependent command.
|
||||||
|
The default is the last-imported grammar.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-language, voice used by Festival as its --language flag in the sa command.
|
||||||
|
The default is system-dependent.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-length, the maximum number of characters shown of a string.
|
||||||
|
The default is unlimited.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-lexer, tokenization transforming a string into lexical units for a parser.
|
||||||
|
The default is words.
|
||||||
|
-lexer=words tokens are separated by spaces or newlines
|
||||||
|
-lexer=literals like words, but GF integer and string literals recognized
|
||||||
|
-lexer=vars like words, but "x","x_...","$...$" as vars, "?..." as meta
|
||||||
|
-lexer=chars each character is a token
|
||||||
|
-lexer=code use Haskell's lex
|
||||||
|
-lexer=codevars like code, but treat unknown words as variables, ?? as meta
|
||||||
|
-lexer=textvars like text, but treat unknown words as variables, ?? as meta
|
||||||
|
-lexer=text with conventions on punctuation and capital letters
|
||||||
|
-lexer=codelit like code, but treat unknown words as string literals
|
||||||
|
-lexer=textlit like text, but treat unknown words as string literals
|
||||||
|
-lexer=codeC use a C-like lexer
|
||||||
|
-lexer=ignore like literals, but ignore unknown words
|
||||||
|
-lexer=subseqs like ignore, but then try all subsequences from longest
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-number, the maximum number of generated items in a list.
|
||||||
|
The default is unlimited.
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-optimize, optimization on generated code.
|
||||||
|
The default is share for concrete, none for resource modules.
|
||||||
|
Each of the flags can have the suffix _subs, which performs
|
||||||
|
common subexpression elimination after the main optimization.
|
||||||
|
Thus, -optimize=all_subs is the most aggressive one. The _subs
|
||||||
|
strategy only works in GFC, and applies therefore in concrete but
|
||||||
|
not in resource modules.
|
||||||
|
-optimize=share share common branches in tables
|
||||||
|
-optimize=parametrize first try parametrize then do share with the rest
|
||||||
|
-optimize=values represent tables as courses-of-values
|
||||||
|
-optimize=all first try parametrize then do values with the rest
|
||||||
|
-optimize=none no optimization
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-parser, parsing strategy. The default is chart. If -cfg or -mcfg are
|
||||||
|
selected, only bottomup and topdown are recognized.
|
||||||
|
-parser=chart bottom-up chart parsing
|
||||||
|
-parser=bottomup a more up to date bottom-up strategy
|
||||||
|
-parser=topdown top-down strategy
|
||||||
|
-parser=old an old bottom-up chart parser
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-printer, format in which the grammar is printed. The default is
|
||||||
|
gfc. Those marked with M are (only) available for pm, the rest
|
||||||
|
for pg.
|
||||||
|
-printer=gfc GFC grammar
|
||||||
|
-printer=gf GF grammar
|
||||||
|
-printer=old old GF grammar
|
||||||
|
-printer=cf context-free grammar, with profiles
|
||||||
|
-printer=bnf context-free grammar, without profiles
|
||||||
|
-printer=lbnf labelled context-free grammar for BNF Converter
|
||||||
|
-printer=plbnf grammar for BNF Converter, with precedence levels
|
||||||
|
*-printer=happy source file for Happy parser generator (use lbnf!)
|
||||||
|
-printer=haskell abstract syntax in Haskell, with transl to/from GF
|
||||||
|
-printer=haskell_gadt abstract syntax GADT in Haskell, with transl to/from GF
|
||||||
|
-printer=morpho full-form lexicon, long format
|
||||||
|
*-printer=latex LaTeX file (for the tg command)
|
||||||
|
-printer=fullform full-form lexicon, short format
|
||||||
|
*-printer=xml XML: DTD for the pg command, object for st
|
||||||
|
-printer=old old GF: file readable by GF 1.2
|
||||||
|
-printer=stat show some statistics of generated GFC
|
||||||
|
-printer=probs show probabilities of all functions
|
||||||
|
-printer=gsl Nuance GSL speech recognition grammar
|
||||||
|
-printer=jsgf Java Speech Grammar Format
|
||||||
|
-printer=jsgf_sisr_old Java Speech Grammar Format with semantic tags in
|
||||||
|
SISR WD 20030401 format
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_abnf SRGS ABNF format
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_abnf_non_rec SRGS ABNF format, without any recursion.
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_abnf_sisr_old SRGS ABNF format, with semantic tags in
|
||||||
|
SISR WD 20030401 format
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_xml SRGS XML format
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_xml_non_rec SRGS XML format, without any recursion.
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_xml_prob SRGS XML format, with weights
|
||||||
|
-printer=srgs_xml_sisr_old SRGS XML format, with semantic tags in
|
||||||
|
SISR WD 20030401 format
|
||||||
|
-printer=vxml Generate a dialogue system in VoiceXML.
|
||||||
|
-printer=slf a finite automaton in the HTK SLF format
|
||||||
|
-printer=slf_graphviz the same automaton as slf, but in Graphviz format
|
||||||
|
-printer=slf_sub a finite automaton with sub-automata in the
|
||||||
|
HTK SLF format
|
||||||
|
-printer=slf_sub_graphviz the same automaton as slf_sub, but in
|
||||||
|
Graphviz format
|
||||||
|
-printer=fa_graphviz a finite automaton with labelled edges
|
||||||
|
-printer=regular a regular grammar in a simple BNF
|
||||||
|
-printer=unpar a gfc grammar with parameters eliminated
|
||||||
|
-printer=functiongraph abstract syntax functions in 'dot' format
|
||||||
|
-printer=typegraph abstract syntax categories in 'dot' format
|
||||||
|
-printer=transfer Transfer language datatype (.tr file format)
|
||||||
|
-printer=cfg-prolog M cfg in prolog format (also pg)
|
||||||
|
-printer=gfc-prolog M gfc in prolog format (also pg)
|
||||||
|
-printer=gfcm M gfcm file (default for pm)
|
||||||
|
-printer=graph M module dependency graph in 'dot' (graphviz) format
|
||||||
|
-printer=header M gfcm file with header (for GF embedded in Java)
|
||||||
|
-printer=js M JavaScript type annotator and linearizer
|
||||||
|
-printer=mcfg-prolog M mcfg in prolog format (also pg)
|
||||||
|
-printer=missing M the missing linearizations of each concrete
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-startcat, like -cat, but used in grammars (to avoid clash with keyword cat)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-transform, transformation performed on a syntax tree. The default is identity.
|
||||||
|
-transform=identity no change
|
||||||
|
-transform=compute compute by using definitions in the grammar
|
||||||
|
-transform=nodup return the term only if it has no constants duplicated
|
||||||
|
-transform=nodupatom return the term only if it has no atomic constants duplicated
|
||||||
|
-transform=typecheck return the term only if it is type-correct
|
||||||
|
-transform=solve solve metavariables as derived refinements
|
||||||
|
-transform=context solve metavariables by unique refinements as variables
|
||||||
|
-transform=delete replace the term by metavariable
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-unlexer, untokenization transforming linearization output into a string.
|
||||||
|
The default is unwords.
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=unwords space-separated token list (like unwords)
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=text format as text: punctuation, capitals, paragraph <p>
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=code format as code (spacing, indentation)
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=textlit like text, but remove string literal quotes
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=codelit like code, but remove string literal quotes
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=concat remove all spaces
|
||||||
|
-unlexer=bind like identity, but bind at "&+"
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-mark, marking of parts of tree in linearization. The default is none.
|
||||||
|
-mark=metacat append "+CAT" to every metavariable, showing its category
|
||||||
|
-mark=struct show tree structure with brackets
|
||||||
|
-mark=java show tree structure with XML tags (used in gfeditor)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
-coding, Some grammars are in UTF-8, some in isolatin-1.
|
||||||
|
If the letters ä (a-umlaut) and ö (o-umlaut) look strange, either
|
||||||
|
change your terminal to isolatin-1, or rewrite the grammar with
|
||||||
|
'pg -utf8'.
|
||||||
|
```
|
||||||
893
doc/resource-synopsis.txt
Normal file
893
doc/resource-synopsis.txt
Normal file
@@ -0,0 +1,893 @@
|
|||||||
|
==GF Resource Grammar Library: Synopsis==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Syntax==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../api/Constructors.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``Phr -> Text`` | //But John walks.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``Phr -> (Punct) -> (Text) -> Text`` | //John walks? Yes.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``Utt -> Text`` | //John.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``S -> Text`` | //John walked.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``Cl -> Text`` | //John walks.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``QS -> Text`` | //Did John walk?// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkText`` | ``Imp -> Text`` | //Walk!// |
|
||||||
|
| ``emptyText`` | ``Text`` | //(empty text)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``fullStopPunct`` | ``Punct`` | //.// |
|
||||||
|
| ``questMarkPunct`` | ``Punct`` | //?// |
|
||||||
|
| ``exclMarkPunct`` | ``Punct`` | //!// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``Utt -> Phr`` | //why// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``(PConj) -> Utt -> (Voc) -> Phr`` | //but why John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``S -> Phr`` | //John walked// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``Cl -> Phr`` | //John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``QS -> Phr`` | //did John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPhr`` | ``Imp -> Phr`` | //walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPConj`` | ``Conj -> PConj`` | //and// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVoc`` | ``NP -> Voc`` | //John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``S -> Utt`` | //John walked// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``Cl -> Utt`` | //John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``QS -> Utt`` | //did John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``Imp -> Utt`` | //love yourself// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``(ImpForm) -> (Pol) -> Imp -> Utt`` | //don't love yourselves// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``IP -> Utt`` | //who// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``IAdv -> Utt`` | //why// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``NP -> Utt`` | //John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``Adv -> Utt`` | //here// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkUtt`` | ``VP -> Utt`` | //to walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``lets_Utt`` | ``VP -> Utt`` | //let's walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``positivePol`` | ``Pol`` | //(John walks) [default]// |
|
||||||
|
| ``negativePol`` | ``Pol`` | //(John doesn't walk)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``simultaneousAnt`` | ``Ant`` | //(John walks) [default]// |
|
||||||
|
| ``anteriorAnt`` | ``Ant`` | //(John has walked) --# notpresent// |
|
||||||
|
| ``presentTense`` | ``Tense`` | //(John walks) [default]// |
|
||||||
|
| ``pastTense`` | ``Tense`` | //(John walked) --# notpresent// |
|
||||||
|
| ``futureTense`` | ``Tense`` | //(John will walk) --# notpresent// |
|
||||||
|
| ``conditionalTense`` | ``Tense`` | //(John would walk) --# notpresent// |
|
||||||
|
| ``singularImpForm`` | ``ImpForm`` | //(help yourself) [default]// |
|
||||||
|
| ``pluralImpForm`` | ``ImpForm`` | //(help yourselves)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``politeImpForm`` | ``ImpForm`` | //(help yourself) (polite singular)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``Cl -> S`` | //John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``(Tense) -> (Ant) -> (Pol) -> Cl -> S`` | //John wouldn't have walked// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``Conj -> S -> S -> S`` | //John walks and I run// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``Conj -> ListS -> S`` | //John walks, I run and you sleep// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``DConj -> S -> S -> S`` | //either John walk or I run// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``DConj -> ListS -> S`` | //either John walks, I run or you sleep// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkS`` | ``Adv -> S -> S`` | //today, John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> V -> Cl`` | //John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> V2 -> NP -> Cl`` | //John loves her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> V3 -> NP -> NP -> Cl`` | //John sends it to her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> VV -> VP -> Cl`` | //John wants to walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> VS -> S -> Cl`` | //John says that it is good// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> VQ -> QS -> Cl`` | //John wonders if it is good// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> VA -> AP -> Cl`` | //John becomes old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> V2A ->NP -> AP -> Cl`` | //John paints it red// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> A -> Cl`` | //John is old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> A -> NP -> Cl`` | //John is older than her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> A2 -> NP -> Cl`` | //John is married to her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> AP -> Cl`` | //John is very old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> N -> Cl`` | //John is a man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> CN -> Cl`` | //John is an old man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> NP -> Cl`` | //John is the man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> Adv -> Cl`` | //John is here// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> VP -> Cl`` | //John walks here// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``V -> Cl`` | //it rains// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``VP -> Cl`` | //it is raining// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``N -> Cl`` | //there is a house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``CN -> Cl`` | //there is an old houses// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> Cl`` | //there are five houses// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``NP -> RS -> Cl`` | //it is John that walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCl`` | ``Adv -> S -> Cl`` | //it is here John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``genericCl`` | ``VP -> Cl`` | //one walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``V -> VP`` | //walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``V2 -> NP -> VP`` | //love her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``V3 -> NP -> NP -> VP`` | //send it to her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``VV -> VP -> VP`` | //want to walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``VS -> S -> VP`` | //know that she walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``VQ -> QS -> VP`` | //ask if she walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``VA -> AP -> VP`` | //become old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``V2A -> NP -> AP -> VP`` | //paint it red// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``A -> VP`` | //be warm// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``AP -> VP`` | //be very warm// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``A -> NP -> VP`` | //be older than her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``A2 -> NP -> VP`` | //be married to her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``N -> VP`` | //be a man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``CN -> VP`` | //be an old man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``NP -> VP`` | //be the man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``Adv -> VP`` | //be here// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``VP -> Adv -> VP`` | //sleep here// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVP`` | ``AdV -> VP -> VP`` | //always sleep// |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflexiveVP`` | ``V2 -> VP`` | //love itself// |
|
||||||
|
| ``passiveVP`` | ``V2 -> VP`` | //be loved// |
|
||||||
|
| ``passiveVP`` | ``V2 -> NP -> VP`` | //be loved by her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``progressiveVP`` | ``VP -> VP`` | //be sleeping// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkImp`` | ``V -> Imp`` | //go// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkImp`` | ``V2 -> NP -> Imp`` | //take it// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkImp`` | ``VP -> Imp`` | //go there now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Det -> N -> NP`` | //the first man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Det -> CN -> NP`` | //the first old man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``QuantSg -> N -> NP`` | //this man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``QuantSg -> CN -> NP`` | //this old man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``QuantPl -> N -> NP`` | //these men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``QuantPl -> CN -> NP`` | //these old men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Numeral -> N -> NP`` | //twenty men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Numeral -> CN -> NP`` | //twenty old men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Int -> N -> NP`` | //45 men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Int -> CN -> NP`` | //45 old men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Num -> N -> NP`` | //almost twenty men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Num -> CN -> NP`` | //almost twenty old men// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Pron -> N -> NP`` | //my man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Pron -> CN -> NP;`` | //my old man// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``PN -> NP`` | //John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Pron -> NP`` | //he// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Predet -> NP -> NP`` | //only John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``NP -> V2 -> NP`` | //John killed// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``NP -> Adv -> NP`` | //John in Paris// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Conj -> NP -> NP -> NP`` | //John and I// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Conj -> ListNP -> NP`` | //John, I, and that// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``DConj -> NP -> NP -> NP`` | //either John or I// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``DConj -> ListNP -> NP`` | //either John, I, or that// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``QuantSg -> Det`` | //this// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``QuantSg -> (Ord) -> Det`` | //this first// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``QuantPl -> Det`` | //these// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``QuantPl -> (Num) -> (Ord) -> Det`` | //these five best// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Quant -> Det`` | //this// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Quant -> Num -> Det`` | //these five// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Num -> Det`` | //almost twenty// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Numeral -> Det`` | //five// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Int -> Det`` | //51// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkDet`` | ``Pron -> Det`` | //my// |
|
||||||
|
| ``defSgDet`` | ``Det`` | //the (house)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``defPlDet`` | ``Det`` | //the (houses)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``indefSgDet`` | ``Det`` | //a (house)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``indefPlDet`` | ``Det`` | //(houses)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``defQuant`` | ``Quant`` | //the// |
|
||||||
|
| ``indefQuant`` | ``Quant`` | //a// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQuantSg`` | ``Quant -> QuantSg`` | //this// |
|
||||||
|
| ``massQuant`` | ``QuantSg`` | //(mass terms)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQuantPl`` | ``Quant -> QuantPl`` | //these// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNum`` | ``Numeral -> Num`` | //twenty// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNum`` | ``Int -> Num`` | //51// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNum`` | ``AdN -> Num -> Num`` | //almost ten// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkOrd`` | ``Numeral -> Ord`` | //twentieth// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkOrd`` | ``Int -> Ord`` | //51st// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkOrd`` | ``A -> Ord`` | //best// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdN`` | ``CAdv -> AdN`` | //more than// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n1_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //one// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n2_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //two// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n3_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //three// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n4_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //four// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n5_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //five// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n6_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //six// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n7_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //seven// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n8_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //eight// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n9_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //nine// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n10_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //ten// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n20_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //twenty// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n100_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //hundred// |
|
||||||
|
| ``n1000_Numeral`` | ``Numeral`` | //thousand// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N -> CN`` | //house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N2 -> NP -> CN`` | //mother of John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N3 -> NP -> NP -> CN`` | //distance from this city to Paris// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N2 -> CN`` | //son// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N3 -> CN`` | //flight// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``A -> N -> CN`` | //big house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``A -> CN -> CN`` | //big blue house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``AP -> N -> CN`` | //very big house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``AP -> CN -> CN`` | //very big blue house// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N -> RS -> CN`` | //house that John loves// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> RS -> CN`` | //big house that John loves// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N -> Adv -> CN`` | //house in the city// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> Adv -> CN`` | //big house in the city// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> S -> CN`` | //rule that John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> QS -> CN`` | //question if John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> VP -> CN`` | //reason to walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``N -> NP -> CN`` | //king John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkCN`` | ``CN -> NP -> CN`` | //old king John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``A -> AP`` | //old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``A -> NP -> AP`` | //older than John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``A2 -> NP -> AP`` | //married to her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``A2 -> AP`` | //married to myself// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``AP -> S -> AP`` | //probable that John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``AP -> QS -> AP`` | //uncertain if John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``AP -> VP -> AP`` | //ready to go// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``AdA -> A -> AP`` | //very old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``AdA -> AP -> AP`` | //very very old// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``Conj -> AP -> AP -> AP`` | //old and big// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``Conj -> ListAP -> AP`` | //old, big, and warm// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``DConj -> AP -> AP -> AP`` | //either old or big// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAP`` | ``DConj -> ListAP -> AP`` | //either old, big, or warm// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``A -> Adv`` | //warmly// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Prep -> NP -> Adv`` | //with John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Subj -> S -> Adv`` | //when John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv`` | //more warmly than John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``CAdv -> A -> S -> Adv`` | //more warmly than John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``AdA -> Adv -> Adv`` | //very warmly// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Conj -> Adv -> Adv -> Adv`` | //here and now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Conj -> ListAdv -> Adv`` | //with John, here and now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``DConj -> Adv -> Adv -> Adv`` | //either here or now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``DConj -> ListAdv -> Adv`` | //either here, now, or with John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQS`` | ``QCl -> QS`` | //who walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQS`` | ``(Tense) -> (Ant) -> (Pol) -> QCl -> QS`` | //who wouldn't have walked// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQS`` | ``Cl -> QS`` | //does John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``Cl -> QCl`` | //does John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IP -> VP -> QCl`` | //who walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IP -> NP -> V2 -> QCl`` | //whom does John love// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IP -> Slash -> QCl`` | //whom does John love today// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IAdv -> Cl -> QCl`` | //why does John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``Prep -> IP -> Cl -> QCl`` | //with who does John walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IAdv -> NP -> QCl`` | //where is John// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkQCl`` | ``IP -> QCl`` | //what is there// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkIP`` | ``IDet -> N -> IP`` | //which city// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkIP`` | ``IDet -> (Num) -> (Ord) -> CN -> IP`` | //which five best cities// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkIP`` | ``IP -> Adv -> IP`` | //who in Paris// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkIAdv`` | ``Prep -> IP -> IAdv`` | //in which city// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRS`` | ``RCl -> RS`` | //that walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRS`` | ``(Tense) -> (Ant) -> (Pol) -> RCl -> RS`` | //that wouldn't have walked// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRCl`` | ``RP -> VP -> RCl`` | //that walk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRCl`` | ``RP -> NP -> V2 -> RCl`` | //which John loves// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRCl`` | ``RP -> Slash -> RCl`` | //which John loves today// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRCl`` | ``Cl -> RCl`` | //such that John loves her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``which_RP`` | ``RP`` | //which// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkRP`` | ``Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP`` | //all the houses in which// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkSlash`` | ``NP -> V2 -> Slash`` | //(whom) John loves// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkSlash`` | ``NP -> VV -> V2 -> Slash`` | //(whom) John wants to see// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkSlash`` | ``Cl -> Prep -> Slash`` | //(with whom) John walks// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkSlash`` | ``Slash -> Adv -> Slash`` | //(whom) John loves today// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListS`` | ``S -> S -> ListS`` | //he walks, I run// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListS`` | ``S -> ListS -> ListS`` | //John walks, I run, you sleep// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListAdv`` | ``Adv -> Adv -> ListAdv`` | //here, now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListAdv`` | ``Adv -> ListAdv -> ListAdv`` | //to me, here, now// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListAP`` | ``AP -> AP -> ListAP`` | //old, big// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListAP`` | ``AP -> ListAP -> ListAP`` | //old, big, warm// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListNP`` | ``NP -> NP -> ListNP`` | //John, I// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkListNP`` | ``NP -> ListNP -> ListNP`` | //John, I, that// |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Danish==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../danish/ParadigmsDan.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``utrum`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``neutrum`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``noPrep`` | ``Prep`` | //empty string// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(dreng,drengen,drenge,drengene : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regN`` | ``Str -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regGenN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2N`` | ``(bil,bilen : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk3N`` | ``(bil,bilen,biler : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regN2`` | ``Str -> Gender -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> PN`` | //Paris neutrum// |
|
||||||
|
| ``regPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | //utrum gender// |
|
||||||
|
| ``nounPN`` | ``N -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Str -> Str -> Number -> Gender -> NP`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(galen,galet,galne : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regA`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2A`` | ``(stor,stort : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkADeg`` | ``(stor,stort,store,storre,storst : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regADeg`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``irregADeg`` | ``(tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk3ADeg`` | ``(galen,galet,galna : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2ADeg`` | ``(bred,bredt : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compoundA`` | ``A -> A`` | //-/mer/mest norsk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(spise,spiser,spises,spiste,spist,spis : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regV`` | ``(snakke : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2V`` | ``(leve,levde : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``irregV`` | ``(drikke, drak, drukket : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vaereV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``partV`` | ``V -> Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``depV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //snakke, med, om// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //give,_,til// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //give,_,_// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for English==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../english/ParadigmsEng.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``human`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nonhuman`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(flash : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(man,men : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(man,men,man's,men's : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``Str -> N -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regN2`` | ``Str -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``N -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(happy : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(fat,fatter : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(good,better,best,well : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compoundA`` | ``A -> A`` | //-/more/most ridiculous// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``noPrep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(cry : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(stop, stopped : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(drink, drank, drunk : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(run, ran, run, running : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(go, goes, went, gone, going : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``partV`` | ``V -> Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | //believe in// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | //kill// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //speak, with, about// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //give,_,to// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //give,_,_// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Finnish==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../finnish/ParadigmsFin.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``partitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``translative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``inessive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``elative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``illative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``adessive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``ablative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``allative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``prePrep`` | ``Case -> Str -> Prep`` | //ilman, partitive// |
|
||||||
|
| ``postPrep`` | ``Case -> Str -> Prep`` | //takana, genitive// |
|
||||||
|
| ``postGenPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | //takana// |
|
||||||
|
| ``casePrep`` | ``Case -> Prep`` | //adessive// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(talo : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(savi,savia : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(vesi,veden,vesiä : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(olo,oln,olona,oloa,oloon,oloina,oloissa,olojen,oloja,oloihin : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``sgpartN`` | ``(meri : N) -> (merta : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nMeri`` | ``(meri : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nKukko`` | ``(kukko,kukon,kukkoja : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nTalo`` | ``(talo : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nLukko`` | ``(lukko : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nArpi`` | ``(arpi : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nSylki`` | ``(sylki : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nLinux`` | ``(linuxia : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nPeruna`` | ``(peruna : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nRae`` | ``(rae, rakeena : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nSusi`` | ``(susi,suden,sutta : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nPuu`` | ``(puu : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nSuo`` | ``(suo : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nNainen`` | ``(naista : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nTilaus`` | ``(tilaus,tilauksena : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nKulaus`` | ``(kulaus : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nNauris`` | ``(naurista : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compN`` | ``Str -> N -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``N -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``N -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``N -> (kivempaa,kivinta : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(soutaa : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(soutaa,souti : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(soutaa,soudan,souti : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(tulla,tulee,tulen,tulevat,tulkaa,tullaan,tuli,tulin,tulisi,tullut,tultu,tullun : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``V -> Case -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vValua`` | ``(valua : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vKattaa`` | ``(kattaa, katan : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vOstaa`` | ``(ostaa : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vNousta`` | ``(nousta, nousen : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vTuoda`` | ``(tuoda : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``caseV`` | ``Case -> V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vOlla`` | ``V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``caseV2`` | ``V -> Case -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //puhua, allative, elative// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Case -> V3`` | //siirtää, (accusative), illative// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //antaa, (accusative), (allative)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> Prep -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for French==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../french/ParadigmsFre.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``feminine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``accusative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(cheval : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(foie : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(oeil,yeux : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``N -> Str -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``deN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``aN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(cher : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(sec,seche : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(banal,banale,banaux,banalement : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``A -> A -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``prefixA`` | ``A -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(finir : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(jeter,jette,jettera : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``V2 -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``etreV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2 = dirV2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2 = mmkV2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //donner,_,_// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //placer,_,dans// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //parler, à, de// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //plain infinitive: "je veux parler"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``deVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"j'essaie de parler"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``aVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"j'arrive à parler"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> Prep -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for German==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../german/ParadigmsGer.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``feminine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``neuter`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``accusative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(Stufe : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(Bild,Bilder : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(x1,_,_,_,_,x6 : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``Str -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``(nom,gen : Str) -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``(nom,acc,dat,gen : Str) -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(gut,besser,beste : Str) -> A`` | //gut,besser,beste// |
|
||||||
|
| ``invarA`` | ``Str -> A`` | //prima// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Case -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``accPrep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``datPrep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genPrep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``von_Prep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``zu_Prep`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(führen : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(sehen,sieht,sah,sähe,gesehen : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(geben, gibt, gib, gab, gäbe, gegeben : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``Str -> V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``no_geV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``seinV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``habenV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> Case -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Case -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //sprechen, mit, über// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //senden,(accusative),nach// |
|
||||||
|
| ``accdatV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //give,accusative,dative// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Italian==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../italian/ParadigmsIta.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``feminine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Prep`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``accusative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(cane : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(carne : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(uomo,uomini : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``N -> Str -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``Str -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(bianco : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(solo,sola,soli,sole,solamente : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``A -> A -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``prefixA`` | ``A -> A = prefA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``Verbo -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(udire,odo,ode,udiamo,udiro,udii,udisti,udi,udirono,odi,udito : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``essereV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``Str -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``v2V`` | ``V2 -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //parlare, a, di// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //dare,_,a// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //dare,_,_// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //plain infinitive: "voglio parlare"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``deVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"cerco di parlare"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``aVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"arrivo a parlare"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> Prep -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Norwegian==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../norwegian/ParadigmsNor.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``feminine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``neutrum`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``noPrep`` | ``Prep`` | //empty string// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(dreng,drengen,drenger,drengene : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regN`` | ``Str -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regGenN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2N`` | ``(bil,bilen : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regN2`` | ``Str -> Gender -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | //utrum// |
|
||||||
|
| ``regGenPN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nounPN`` | ``N -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkNP`` | ``Str -> Str -> Number -> Gender -> NP`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(galen,galet,galne : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regA`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2A`` | ``(stor,stort : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkADeg`` | ``(stor,stort,store,storre,storst : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regADeg`` | ``Str -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``irregADeg`` | ``(tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk3ADeg`` | ``(galen,galet,galne : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2ADeg`` | ``(bred,bredt : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compoundA`` | ``A -> A`` | //-/mer/mest norsk// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | //e.g. her// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | //e.g. altid// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(spise,spiser,spises,spiste,spist,spis : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``regV`` | ``(snakke : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mk2V`` | ``(leve,levde : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``irregV`` | ``(drikke, drakk, drukket : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``vaereV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``partV`` | ``V -> Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``depV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //snakke, med, om// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //gi,_,til// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //gi,_,_// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Russian==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../russian/ParadigmsRus.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
(To appear)
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Spanish==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../spanish/ParadigmsSpa.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``masculine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``feminine`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Prep`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``accusative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``dative`` | ``Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(luz : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(baston,bastones : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compN`` | ``N -> Str -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``deN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``aN2`` | ``N -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``(Anna : Str) -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``(Pilar : Str) -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(util : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(solo,sola,solos,solas,solamiento : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(bueno : A) -> (mejor : A) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``prefixA`` | ``A -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(pagar : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(mostrar,muestro : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``Verbum -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``special_ppV`` | ``V -> Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``Str -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``v2V`` | ``V2 -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | //hablar, a, di// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | //dar,(accusative),a// |
|
||||||
|
| ``dirdirV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | //dar,(dative),(accusative)// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //plain infinitive: "quiero hablar"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``deVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"terminar de hablar"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``aVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | //"aprender a hablar"// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> Prep -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
==Paradigms for Swedish==
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
[source ../swedish/ParadigmsSwe.gf]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|| Function | Type | Example ||
|
||||||
|
| ``Gender`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``utrum`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``neutrum`` | ``Gender`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Number`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``singular`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``plural`` | ``Number`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``Case`` | ``Type`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``nominative`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``genitive`` | ``Case`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPrep`` | ``Str -> Prep`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``noPrep`` | ``Prep`` | //empty string// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(apa : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(lik : Str) -> Gender -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(nyckel,nycklar : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN`` | ``(museum,museet,museer,museerna : Str) -> N`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``Str -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN2`` | ``N -> Prep -> N2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkN3`` | ``N -> Prep -> Prep -> N3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``Str -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkPN`` | ``(jesus,jesu : Str) -> Gender -> PN`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(billig : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(bred,brett : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(tung,tyngre,tyngst : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(god,gott,goda,battre,bast : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA`` | ``(liten,litet,lilla,sma,mindre,minst,minsta : Str) -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``compoundA`` | ``A -> A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdv`` | ``Str -> Adv`` | //här// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdV`` | ``Str -> AdV`` | //alltid// |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAdA`` | ``Str -> AdA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(stämmer : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(dricka,drack,druckit : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``(gå,går,gå,gick,gått,gången : Str) -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV`` | ``V -> Str -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``depV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``reflV`` | ``V -> V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``Str -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``Str -> V3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> V3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> V3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV3`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV0`` | ``V -> V0`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVS`` | ``V -> VS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2S`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVV`` | ``V -> VV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2V`` | ``V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVA`` | ``V -> VA`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2A`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2A`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkVQ`` | ``V -> VQ`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkV2Q`` | ``V -> Prep -> V2Q`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAS`` | ``A -> AS`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2S`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2S`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkAV`` | ``A -> AV`` | - |
|
||||||
|
| ``mkA2V`` | ``A -> Prep -> A2V`` | - |
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
BIN
doc/tutorial-next/Foodmarket.png
Normal file
BIN
doc/tutorial-next/Foodmarket.png
Normal file
Binary file not shown.
|
After Width: | Height: | Size: 2.9 KiB |
@@ -2938,3 +2938,22 @@ A simpler example will be explained here.
|
|||||||
|
|
||||||
See TALK project deliverables, [TALK homepage http://www.talk-project.org]
|
See TALK project deliverables, [TALK homepage http://www.talk-project.org]
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
% Appendices
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
=Appendix A: The GF Command Help=
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
%!include: ../gf-help.txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
=Appendix B: GF Quick Reference=
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
%!include: ../gf-reference.txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
=Appendix C: Resource Grammar Synopsis=
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
%!include: ../resource-synopsis.txt
|
||||||
|
|
||||||
|
|||||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user