diff --git a/lib/src/chinese/README b/lib/src/chinese/README index 657a4c079..2fd15047e 100644 --- a/lib/src/chinese/README +++ b/lib/src/chinese/README @@ -1,322 +1,29 @@ -Chinese resource grammar experiment +Chinese resource grammar -(c) Aarne Ranta 2012 +(c) Aarne Ranta, Zhuo Lin Qiqige, Qiao Haiyan 2012 -Idea: bootstrap a complete resource grammar by -- cloning files from another language (Thai) -- extracting lexicon from available sources (Swadesh, HSK list, Google translate) -- fixing the errors in syntax and lexicon -- testing the grammar in applications -With next to now knowledge of Chinese, but access to web sources, a grammar book +19/10/2012 - Claudia Ross and Jing-heng Sheng Ma, - Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar. A Practical Guide, - Routledge, - London and New York, - 2006. - -and an extended mini resource by Jolene Zhuo Lin qiqige -and comments on that from Inari Listenmaa. +This is a compilable, almost complete, but not yet perfect implementation of the GF resource grammar for Chinese. -The question is how good it will be before the visit to Shanghai in two weeks, -and how much work will be needed to fix everything. But so far I feel like the -guy in Searle's "Chinese Room", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room +The Synopsis test set has the following statistics: + GOOD 295 68% + SOSO 66 15% + BAD 76 17% -5/10/2012 +More details: -Clone chinese/*Chi.gf from thai/*Tha.gf by - - runghc lib/src/Clone.hs Tha Chi - -This compiles directly, omitting Lexicon and Structural but producing some Thai words, visible with - - pg -words - -Then port parts of examples/extmini/*Cmn.gf appending them to Lexicon, Structural, Paradigms, Res. -Tweak until everything compiles. For simplicity, retain lincat's of Thai. - -Then identify Thai words with 'pg -words', and locate them with 'ma'. Replace them with constants -in ResChi, initialized with defaultStr = "". 17 such constants are needed. StringsChi can be eliminated. -It was a transient part of Tha anyway. - -Copy examples/numerals/chinese.gf to NumeralChi.gf. - -We now have 47 words (Chinese characters), - - Lang> pg -words - 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 万 个 他 他们 仟 伍 你 你们 佰 叁 壹 壹万 壹拾 - 壹拾壹 大 女人 她 好奇 小 我 我们 房子 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 捌 柒 树 棵 - 每 玖 男人 睡 知道 约翰 绿 肆 贰 走 这 那 间 陆 零 非常 - -and thousands of linearizable Cl. With Thai word order so far. And all these blank (defaultStr) -function words. - - 男人 绿 大 非常 每 男人 绿 走 大 - every green man very bigly is being walking bigly - - 约翰 睡 - John sleeps - - 约翰 睡 - John is sleeping - - 他 知道 约翰 走 - he knows that John would have walked - - 每 走 - everyone walks - - 你们 知道 走 - you know that one will walk - - 房子 我们 绿 男人 - greenest house we is being a man - - 这 走 小 - this is being walking smally - -Ca. 2 hours of work has gone to all this. - -Next step: Chinese Swadesh list, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_Swadesh_list - - -- № English word POS Pinyin IPA notes Traditional Chinese Simplified Chinese - - > let analyse line = case words line of n:eng:ws | all Data.Char.isDigit n -> eng ++ " " ++ last ws ; _ -> "" - > readFile "swadesh.txt" >>= mapM_ (putStrLn . analyse) . lines - -After most of this is done, we have 218 words: - - 一些 万 丈夫 个 云 什么 什么时候 他 他们 仟 伍 你 你们 佰 光滑 冰 冷 刺 割 劈开 - 动物 厚 叁 叶 吃 名 吐 听 吵架 吹 呕 呼吸 和 咬 哪里 唱 喝 嗅 嘴 因为 圆 在...里 - 地球 坏 坐 壹 壹万 壹拾 壹拾壹 多 夜晚 大 天 太阳 头 头发 女人 她 好 好奇 如何 如果 - 妻子 孩子 宽 对 小 少 尖 尘土 尾 山 干 年 心脏 怕 想 我 我们 房子 手 打 打猎 扔 拉 - 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 指甲 挖 挤 捌 推 揉 握 搔 擦 数 新 星 月亮 杀 来 柒 树 树枝 树皮 - 根 森林 棵 死 每 水 水果 沙 河 洗 活 流 浮 海 温暖 游泳 湖 湿 满 火 灰 烂 烟 爱 牙齿 - 狗 玖 玩 男人 白 白天 皮 盐 直 看 眼睛 睡 知道 短 石 种子 窄 站 笑 红 约翰 绑 结冰 绳 - 绿 缝 羽毛 翼 老 耳朵 肆 肉 肚子 肝 肠子 背 胸 脂肪 脏 脖子 脚 腿 膝 膨胀 舌 花 草 落下 - 薄 虫 虱 蛇 蛋 血 角 谁 贰 走 路 躺 转 近 这 这里 那 那里 重 钝 长 间 陆 雨 雪 零 雾 - 非常 风 飞 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黑 鼻 - -We have more than a half left: - - Lang> pg -missing -lang=Chi | ? wc -w - 329 _tmpi - -But we get more interesting sentences: - - Lang> gr -number=8 PredVP ? ? | l - 白天 满 冷 多 个 好奇 你们 谁 - many cold fuller days wonder who you weren't - - 胸 黄 红 一些 胸 数 - some red breast yellowly is counted - - 头 握 多 头 看 - many heads to be held see themselves - - 丈夫 那里 对 他 擦 - his husbands there correctly are wiping them - - 约翰 躺 - John lies - - 地球 这里 非常 刺 知道 我们 站 - earth very here stabbed knows that we wouldn't have stood - - 多 那里 那里 想 在...里 她 - many there there are being thinking in her - - 尘土 每 个 那里 握 - every dust there holds itself - -Ca. 30 minutes for this phase, 2h30 total. - -Now let's take the missing words and try to look them up the in HSK1 word list. -Now we have 218 left, less than 200 really missing. But potentially some junk. - -Some more words found in Google translate. Guessing mkVA and other complex subcats. -Now we have 126 left, less than 100 really missing. pg -words shows 404 Chinese words: - -…之间 一 一些 万 丈夫 上边 下 不 丢 个 中 为了 为什么 书 买 云 人 什么 什么时候 -今天 从 从前 他 他们 仟 以后 件 伍 会 但是 你 你们 佰 做 光滑 公寓 写 冰 冰箱 冷 -刺 前边 割 劈开 动物 医生 卖 厚 原则上 去 叁 发现 变 只 台 右 叶 号 吃 名 吐 吗 -听 吵架 吸 吹 呕 呼吸 和 和平 咬 哪里 唱 商店 啤酒 喜欢 喝 嗅 嘴 回答 因为 国 国王 -圆 在 在...里 地板 地毯 地球 坏 坐 块 塑料制成 壹 壹万 壹拾 壹拾壹 多 夜晚 大 大学 -天 天花板上 太 太阳 头 头发 女人 女王 奶 奶酪 她 好 好奇 如何 如果 妹妹 妻子 姑娘 -婴儿 存在 学 学校 学生 孩子 它 宗教 宽 寄 对 小 少 尖 尘土 尾 屋顶 山 工业 工厂 -左 已经 市 希望 帽子 干 干净 年 年轻 开 弟弟 往 心脏 必须 忘 怕 想 愿意 懂 我 -我们 或者 战 房子 所 手 手套 打 打猎 扔 报 拉 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 指甲 挖 挤 -捌 推 揉 握 搔 摄像头 摆 擦 收音机 敌人 教 教堂 数 新 旅行 时间 星 星球 是 是否 -最 月亮 有 朋友 木 机 杀 村庄 来 柒 树 树枝 树皮 根 桌子 森林 棵 椅子 次 歌 死 -母亲 每 比 水 水果 汽车 沙 河 油 洗 活 流 浮 海 海港 温暖 游泳 湖 湿 满 漂亮 火 -火车 灯 灰 炉子 烂 烟 烧 热 爱 父亲 牙齿 牛 牧师 状物 狗 猫 玖 玩 玩儿 现在 -电视 男人 男孩 画 白 白天 的 的橡胶 的距离 皮 皮革 盐 直 看 眼睛 睡 知道 短 -石 石头 离 种 种子 科学 窄 窗 站 笑 笔 等 红 约翰 纸 绑 结冰 给 绳 绿 缝 羊 -羽毛 翼 老 老师 老板 耳朵 肆 肉 肚子 肝 肠子 背 胸 脂肪 脏 脖子 脚 腿 膝 膨胀 -自己 自行车 舌 船 艺术 花 花园 苹果 草 落下 蓝 薄 虫 虱 虽然 蛇 蛋 血 衣服 表弟 - 衬衫 袜子 被 角 警察 计算机 语法 语言 说 读 谁 贰 赢 走 跑 路 跳 躺 转 近 还是 -这 这里 远 道理 那 那里 酒 重 重要 金 钝 钢 铁 银 银行 长 门 问 问题 间 陆 除了… -以外 雨 雪 零 雾 非常 面包 鞋 音乐 风 飞 飞机 饭店 马 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黄油 黑 鼻 - - -4h work for a compiling grammar with a decently sized lexicon. The next thing -is to fix the worst bugs, in particular in word order. - - -6/10 - -Started a test set for syntax, with 54 sentences testing predication and noun -phrase formation. The first run, baseline.txt, uses the Thai-based syntax. - -As the first thing, revised the order of determiners in an NP, and the place of -adverbs in VP. Det lincats seem to be too rich, whereas Cl may need to be made -discontinuous, to enable the proper place of IAdv. This is correct in Jolene's -code. - -3h of work today, total 7h. - - -7/10 - -Ported Jonele's lincat's everywhere, eliminated Thai-style identifiers. Difficult -to choose default tenses. But the code is nice to work with. - -4h today, total 11h. - - -8/10 - -Refactored clause building with an overloaded ResChi.mkClause. Added existentials with the verb -you_s. Very uncertain on many things, time to call an expert. - -1h today, total 12h. - -Following a suggestion by Thomas Hallgren, divided multicharacter words to as many tokens as -there are characters. This means all division into tokens is performed by the parser, which in a -sense is optimal. To "remove" spaces in linearization, simply use l -unchars; to "insert" spaces -in parsing, use pt -chars | p. All this is done by the oper ResChi.word, which can be changed -to change this behaviour. - - -12/10 - -Went through some open questions with Jolene. Then fixed some parameters for Det and Adv and prepared -Lexicon and Structural for her inspection and completions. - -5h my time today, 3h Jolene's, total 20h. - - -14/10 - -Lexicon and Structural checked and completed by Jolene. Some open issues found by Jolene, hopefully to be fixed this week: - - generics for weather -> Extra - - "something" -> Extra (stg for event vs. physical object) - - relative clause with complex RP -> postpone; discontinuous? - - adjectives for animates -> leave to semantics (cf. Thai) - - weather verbs rather VP's -> leave to semantic lexicon - - markers 把(marker for direct-object), 被(marker for indirect-object) -> fix for V2A, V3 with ba - - positions of the parts of Subj -> fix by introducing particles before or after the subject of the main clause - - the three de particles: 的,地,得”-> OK now - 的 : Adj/AP ++ "的" ++ NP - “地”: Adv ++ “地” ++ V e.g. 飞快(fly fast)地(de)跑(run) -“ 得”: V ++ “得” ++ Adv(complement) e.g. 跑(run)得(de)快(fast) - - -5h Jolene's time, total 25h. - -15/10 - -GF/lib/src/chinese/ complete and compilable! Added to darcs by AR. - -Issues from - - Yip-Po Ching and Don Rimmington, - Basic Chinese. A Grammar and Workbook, - Routledge, - London and New York, - 2009. - -p. 4 the dun-comma in lists DONE - -p. 28 "who is X" vs. "X is who" - -p. 38 er -> liang before a measure word - -p. 41 ordinals require measure words: di yi ge xuesheng -> possessive + ord + class ; no the + ord - -p. 44 how many - duoshao vs. ji -> ji sui(how many years, to kids) - -p. 63 possessive precedes indefinite plural: wo de hen duo pengyou "many of my friends" - -p. 94 degree + adjective + de + noun: hen da de wuzi - -p. 95 no copula in adjectival predication -> use hen - -p. 96 adjectives negated by bu - -p. 97 AB -> AABB reduplication - -p. 104 non-gradable adjectives require shi: zhei tiao yu shi huo de -> keep this as general rule for APs so far - -p. 106 it was Chinese that I studied -> move cleft to the end DONE 16/10 - -p. 116 I did it better than you -> to implement - -p. 128 disyllabic place words - -p. 155-158 mapping tenses to aspects - -p. 168 "can": hui/neng - -p. 174 negation and tense - -p. 185 yes/no DONE - -p. 186 alternation questions - -p. 197 "or" haishi/huozhe - -p. 206 "please" in imperative - -p. 207 "let's" zanmen he yi bei ba DONE 16/10 - -p. 242 coverbs - -p. 255 disyllabic prepositions - - -Today's work 6h AR, 3h Jolene. Total 29h. - -Jolene worked 3 weeks for the extended mini Chinese. This means the complete (but not yet perfect) Chinese -RGL implementation took 4 person weeks altogether. The remaining immediate fixes shouldn't take a lot of time. -However, there is a lot of Chinese that we will leave outside the common RGL abstract syntax. - - -16/10 - -Some more changes in the (almost) complete Chi. It has 546 words: - -0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 、 。 一 七 万 丈 三 上 下 不 丑 业 丢 两 个 中 为 么 之 乎 乐 九 乞 书 买 了 争 事 二 -云 五 些 亮 亲 人 什 今 从 他 以 们 件 会 但 位 何 你 候 做 停 像 儿 光 八 公 六 关 写 冰 冷 净 准 几 则 到 -刺 前 副 割 劈 加 动 包 匹 医 十 千 单 卖 厂 厌 厚 去 又 友 发 变 只 可 台 右 叶 号 吃 名 后 吐 吗 吧 听 吸 -吹 呕 呼 和 咬 咱 哪 唉 唱 商 啤 喜 喝 嘴 四 回 因 园 国 圆 土 在 地 场 坏 坐 块 城 堂 堆 塑 处 备 外 多 夜 -大 天 太 夫 头 奇 套 女 奶 她 好 如 妹 妻 姑 娘 婚 婴 子 字 学 孩 它 宗 定 家 宽 寄 寓 察 对 寻 小 少 尖 尘 -就 尾 屋 山 工 左 己 已 巴 市 师 希 常 帽 干 平 年 庄 店 座 开 弟 张 往 很 得 心 必 忘 怕 您 想 懂 我 或 战 -房 所 扇 手 打 扔 把 报 拉 指 挖 挤 推 揉 握 搔 摄 摆 擦 收 敌 教 数 文 料 新 旁 旅 时 明 星 是 晚 暖 更 最 -月 有 朋 服 望 期 木 本 术 朵 机 杀 村 条 来 杯 板 林 果 枝 架 某 树 校 根 桌 桶 棕 森 棵 椅 橡 欢 歌 止 此 -死 母 每 比 毛 毯 水 求 汽 沙 没 河 油 法 泳 洗 活 流 浮 海 温 港 游 湖 湿 滑 满 滴 漂 火 灯 灰 炉 烂 烟 烧 -热 然 爱 父 片 牙 牛 牧 物 狗 猎 猫 王 玩 现 球 理 瓶 生 甲 电 男 画 白 百 的 皮 盏 盐 盒 盖 直 看 眼 着 睛 -睡 知 短 石 码 破 确 离 种 科 空 窄 窗 站 笑 笔 笨 第 等 答 简 算 箱 粒 红 约 纸 经 绑 结 给 绳 绿 缝 羊 羽 -翅 翰 老 而 耳 聪 肉 肚 肝 肠 肪 胀 背 胶 胸 能 脂 脏 脖 脚 腿 膀 膝 膨 自 舌 船 艘 艺 花 苹 草 落 蓝 薄 虫 -虱 虽 蛇 蛋 血 行 衣 表 衫 衬 袜 被 要 规 视 角 言 警 计 讨 语 说 请 读 谁 赢 走 起 趣 跑 距 路 跳 躺 车 转 -轻 辆 边 过 近 还 这 远 通 道 那 酒 酪 里 重 金 钝 钢 铁 银 长 门 闭 问 间 闻 阳 阵 除 雨 雪 零 雾 非 面 革 -靴 鞋 音 顶 项 须 颗 题 风 飞 饭 首 马 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黎 黑 鼻 齿 ! , ? - -Also updated the Pinyin version and created a Makefile to convert Chi to Cmn. + eng_chi2.txt -- the test set with annotations + chinese-log.txt -- a log of the grammar writing process +There is also a Pinyin version of the grammar, in the subdirectory ./pinyin/. +The grammar is not yet a part of the "official" demos and documentation. But you can find alpha versions in + http://tournesol.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/gf/csynopsis.html -- make sure to select coding UTF8 in your browser + http://tournesol.cs.chalmers.se:41296/minibar/minibar.html -- select ResourceDemo + diff --git a/lib/src/chinese/chinese-log.txt b/lib/src/chinese/chinese-log.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..df5cdfedc --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/src/chinese/chinese-log.txt @@ -0,0 +1,342 @@ +Chinese resource grammar experiment + +(c) Aarne Ranta 2012 + +Idea: bootstrap a complete resource grammar by +- cloning files from another language (Thai) +- extracting lexicon from available sources (Swadesh, HSK list, Google translate) +- fixing the errors in syntax and lexicon +- testing the grammar in applications + +With next to now knowledge of Chinese, but access to web sources, a grammar book + + Claudia Ross and Jing-heng Sheng Ma, + Modern Mandarin Chinese Grammar. A Practical Guide, + Routledge, + London and New York, + 2006. + +and an extended mini resource by Jolene Zhuo Lin qiqige +and comments on that from Inari Listenmaa. And also Haiyan Qiao's Numeral implementation +from 1999. + +The question is how good it will be before the visit to Shanghai in two weeks, +and how much work will be needed to fix everything. But so far I feel like the +guy in Searle's "Chinese Room", http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_room + + +5/10/2012 + +Clone chinese/*Chi.gf from thai/*Tha.gf by + + runghc lib/src/Clone.hs Tha Chi + +This compiles directly, omitting Lexicon and Structural but producing some Thai words, visible with + + pg -words + +Then port parts of examples/extmini/*Cmn.gf appending them to Lexicon, Structural, Paradigms, Res. +Tweak until everything compiles. For simplicity, retain lincat's of Thai. + +Then identify Thai words with 'pg -words', and locate them with 'ma'. Replace them with constants +in ResChi, initialized with defaultStr = "". 17 such constants are needed. StringsChi can be eliminated. +It was a transient part of Tha anyway. + +Copy examples/numerals/chinese.gf to NumeralChi.gf. Change the "formal" numerals (used mainly for money) +to the "normal" ones. + +We now have 47 words (Chinese characters), + + Lang> pg -words + 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 万 个 他 他们 仟 伍 你 你们 佰 叁 壹 壹万 壹拾 + 壹拾壹 大 女人 她 好奇 小 我 我们 房子 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 捌 柒 树 棵 + 每 玖 男人 睡 知道 约翰 绿 肆 贰 走 这 那 间 陆 零 非常 + +and thousands of linearizable Cl. With Thai word order so far. And all these blank (defaultStr) +function words. + + 男人 绿 大 非常 每 男人 绿 走 大 + every green man very bigly is being walking bigly + + 约翰 睡 + John sleeps + + 约翰 睡 + John is sleeping + + 他 知道 约翰 走 + he knows that John would have walked + + 每 走 + everyone walks + + 你们 知道 走 + you know that one will walk + + 房子 我们 绿 男人 + greenest house we is being a man + + 这 走 小 + this is being walking smally + +Ca. 2 hours of work has gone to all this. + +Next step: Chinese Swadesh list, http://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Appendix:Mandarin_Swadesh_list + + -- № English word POS Pinyin IPA notes Traditional Chinese Simplified Chinese + + > let analyse line = case words line of n:eng:ws | all Data.Char.isDigit n -> eng ++ " " ++ last ws ; _ -> "" + > readFile "swadesh.txt" >>= mapM_ (putStrLn . analyse) . lines + +After most of this is done, we have 218 words: + + 一些 万 丈夫 个 云 什么 什么时候 他 他们 仟 伍 你 你们 佰 光滑 冰 冷 刺 割 劈开 + 动物 厚 叁 叶 吃 名 吐 听 吵架 吹 呕 呼吸 和 咬 哪里 唱 喝 嗅 嘴 因为 圆 在...里 + 地球 坏 坐 壹 壹万 壹拾 壹拾壹 多 夜晚 大 天 太阳 头 头发 女人 她 好 好奇 如何 如果 + 妻子 孩子 宽 对 小 少 尖 尘土 尾 山 干 年 心脏 怕 想 我 我们 房子 手 打 打猎 扔 拉 + 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 指甲 挖 挤 捌 推 揉 握 搔 擦 数 新 星 月亮 杀 来 柒 树 树枝 树皮 + 根 森林 棵 死 每 水 水果 沙 河 洗 活 流 浮 海 温暖 游泳 湖 湿 满 火 灰 烂 烟 爱 牙齿 + 狗 玖 玩 男人 白 白天 皮 盐 直 看 眼睛 睡 知道 短 石 种子 窄 站 笑 红 约翰 绑 结冰 绳 + 绿 缝 羽毛 翼 老 耳朵 肆 肉 肚子 肝 肠子 背 胸 脂肪 脏 脖子 脚 腿 膝 膨胀 舌 花 草 落下 + 薄 虫 虱 蛇 蛋 血 角 谁 贰 走 路 躺 转 近 这 这里 那 那里 重 钝 长 间 陆 雨 雪 零 雾 + 非常 风 飞 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黑 鼻 + +We have more than a half left: + + Lang> pg -missing -lang=Chi | ? wc -w + 329 _tmpi + +But we get more interesting sentences: + + Lang> gr -number=8 PredVP ? ? | l + 白天 满 冷 多 个 好奇 你们 谁 + many cold fuller days wonder who you weren't + + 胸 黄 红 一些 胸 数 + some red breast yellowly is counted + + 头 握 多 头 看 + many heads to be held see themselves + + 丈夫 那里 对 他 擦 + his husbands there correctly are wiping them + + 约翰 躺 + John lies + + 地球 这里 非常 刺 知道 我们 站 + earth very here stabbed knows that we wouldn't have stood + + 多 那里 那里 想 在...里 她 + many there there are being thinking in her + + 尘土 每 个 那里 握 + every dust there holds itself + +Ca. 30 minutes for this phase, 2h30 total. + +Now let's take the missing words and try to look them up the in HSK1 word list. +Now we have 218 left, less than 200 really missing. But potentially some junk. + +Some more words found in Google translate. Guessing mkVA and other complex subcats. +Now we have 126 left, less than 100 really missing. pg -words shows 404 Chinese words: + +…之间 一 一些 万 丈夫 上边 下 不 丢 个 中 为了 为什么 书 买 云 人 什么 什么时候 +今天 从 从前 他 他们 仟 以后 件 伍 会 但是 你 你们 佰 做 光滑 公寓 写 冰 冰箱 冷 +刺 前边 割 劈开 动物 医生 卖 厚 原则上 去 叁 发现 变 只 台 右 叶 号 吃 名 吐 吗 +听 吵架 吸 吹 呕 呼吸 和 和平 咬 哪里 唱 商店 啤酒 喜欢 喝 嗅 嘴 回答 因为 国 国王 +圆 在 在...里 地板 地毯 地球 坏 坐 块 塑料制成 壹 壹万 壹拾 壹拾壹 多 夜晚 大 大学 +天 天花板上 太 太阳 头 头发 女人 女王 奶 奶酪 她 好 好奇 如何 如果 妹妹 妻子 姑娘 +婴儿 存在 学 学校 学生 孩子 它 宗教 宽 寄 对 小 少 尖 尘土 尾 屋顶 山 工业 工厂 +左 已经 市 希望 帽子 干 干净 年 年轻 开 弟弟 往 心脏 必须 忘 怕 想 愿意 懂 我 +我们 或者 战 房子 所 手 手套 打 打猎 扔 报 拉 拾 拾万 拾壹 拾壹万 指甲 挖 挤 +捌 推 揉 握 搔 摄像头 摆 擦 收音机 敌人 教 教堂 数 新 旅行 时间 星 星球 是 是否 +最 月亮 有 朋友 木 机 杀 村庄 来 柒 树 树枝 树皮 根 桌子 森林 棵 椅子 次 歌 死 +母亲 每 比 水 水果 汽车 沙 河 油 洗 活 流 浮 海 海港 温暖 游泳 湖 湿 满 漂亮 火 +火车 灯 灰 炉子 烂 烟 烧 热 爱 父亲 牙齿 牛 牧师 状物 狗 猫 玖 玩 玩儿 现在 +电视 男人 男孩 画 白 白天 的 的橡胶 的距离 皮 皮革 盐 直 看 眼睛 睡 知道 短 +石 石头 离 种 种子 科学 窄 窗 站 笑 笔 等 红 约翰 纸 绑 结冰 给 绳 绿 缝 羊 +羽毛 翼 老 老师 老板 耳朵 肆 肉 肚子 肝 肠子 背 胸 脂肪 脏 脖子 脚 腿 膝 膨胀 +自己 自行车 舌 船 艺术 花 花园 苹果 草 落下 蓝 薄 虫 虱 虽然 蛇 蛋 血 衣服 表弟 + 衬衫 袜子 被 角 警察 计算机 语法 语言 说 读 谁 贰 赢 走 跑 路 跳 躺 转 近 还是 +这 这里 远 道理 那 那里 酒 重 重要 金 钝 钢 铁 银 银行 长 门 问 问题 间 陆 除了… +以外 雨 雪 零 雾 非常 面包 鞋 音乐 风 飞 飞机 饭店 马 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黄油 黑 鼻 + + +4h work for a compiling grammar with a decently sized lexicon. The next thing +is to fix the worst bugs, in particular in word order. + + +6/10 + +Started a test set for syntax, with 54 sentences testing predication and noun +phrase formation. The first run, baseline.txt, uses the Thai-based syntax. + +As the first thing, revised the order of determiners in an NP, and the place of +adverbs in VP. Det lincats seem to be too rich, whereas Cl may need to be made +discontinuous, to enable the proper place of IAdv. This is correct in Jolene's +code. + +3h of work today, total 7h. + + +7/10 + +Ported Jonele's lincat's everywhere, eliminated Thai-style identifiers. Difficult +to choose default tenses. But the code is nice to work with. + +4h today, total 11h. + + +8/10 + +Refactored clause building with an overloaded ResChi.mkClause. Added existentials with the verb +you_s. Very uncertain on many things, time to call an expert. + +1h today, total 12h. + +Following a suggestion by Thomas Hallgren, divided multicharacter words to as many tokens as +there are characters. This means all division into tokens is performed by the parser, which in a +sense is optimal. To "remove" spaces in linearization, simply use l -unchars; to "insert" spaces +in parsing, use pt -chars | p. All this is done by the oper ResChi.word, which can be changed +to change this behaviour. + + +12/10 + +Went through some open questions with Jolene. Then fixed some parameters for Det and Adv and prepared +Lexicon and Structural for her inspection and completions. + +5h my time today, 3h Jolene's, total 20h. + + +14/10 + +Lexicon and Structural checked and completed by Jolene. Some open issues found by Jolene, hopefully to be fixed this week: + - generics for weather -> Extra + - "something" -> Extra (stg for event vs. physical object) + - relative clause with complex RP -> postpone; discontinuous? + - adjectives for animates -> leave to semantics (cf. Thai) + - weather verbs rather VP's -> leave to semantic lexicon + - markers 把(marker for direct-object), 被(marker for indirect-object) -> fix for V2A, V3 with ba + - positions of the parts of Subj -> fix by introducing particles before or after the subject of the main clause + - the three de particles: 的,地,得”-> OK now + 的 : Adj/AP ++ "的" ++ NP + “地”: Adv ++ “地” ++ V e.g. 飞快(fly fast)地(de)跑(run) +“ 得”: V ++ “得” ++ Adv(complement) e.g. 跑(run)得(de)快(fast) + + +5h Jolene's time, total 25h. + +15/10 + +GF/lib/src/chinese/ complete and compilable! Added to darcs by AR. + +Issues from + + Yip-Po Ching and Don Rimmington, + Basic Chinese. A Grammar and Workbook, + Routledge, + London and New York, + 2009. + +p. 4 the dun-comma in lists DONE + +p. 28 "who is X" vs. "X is who" + +p. 38 er -> liang before a measure word + +p. 41 ordinals require measure words: di yi ge xuesheng -> possessive + ord + class ; no the + ord + +p. 44 how many - duoshao vs. ji -> ji sui(how many years, to kids) + +p. 63 possessive precedes indefinite plural: wo de hen duo pengyou "many of my friends" + +p. 94 degree + adjective + de + noun: hen da de wuzi + +p. 95 no copula in adjectival predication -> use hen + +p. 96 adjectives negated by bu + +p. 97 AB -> AABB reduplication + +p. 104 non-gradable adjectives require shi: zhei tiao yu shi huo de -> keep this as general rule for APs so far + +p. 106 it was Chinese that I studied -> move cleft to the end DONE 16/10 + +p. 116 I did it better than you -> to implement + +p. 128 disyllabic place words + +p. 155-158 mapping tenses to aspects + +p. 168 "can": hui/neng + +p. 174 negation and tense + +p. 185 yes/no DONE + +p. 186 alternation questions + +p. 197 "or" haishi/huozhe + +p. 206 "please" in imperative + +p. 207 "let's" zanmen he yi bei ba DONE 16/10 + +p. 242 coverbs + +p. 255 disyllabic prepositions + + +Today's work 6h AR, 3h Jolene. Total 29h. + +Jolene worked 3 weeks for the extended mini Chinese. This means the complete (but not yet perfect) Chinese +RGL implementation took 4 person weeks altogether. The remaining immediate fixes shouldn't take a lot of time. +However, there is a lot of Chinese that we will leave outside the common RGL abstract syntax. + + +16/10 + +Some more changes in the (almost) complete Chi. It has 546 words: + +0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 、 。 一 七 万 丈 三 上 下 不 丑 业 丢 两 个 中 为 么 之 乎 乐 九 乞 书 买 了 争 事 二 +云 五 些 亮 亲 人 什 今 从 他 以 们 件 会 但 位 何 你 候 做 停 像 儿 光 八 公 六 关 写 冰 冷 净 准 几 则 到 +刺 前 副 割 劈 加 动 包 匹 医 十 千 单 卖 厂 厌 厚 去 又 友 发 变 只 可 台 右 叶 号 吃 名 后 吐 吗 吧 听 吸 +吹 呕 呼 和 咬 咱 哪 唉 唱 商 啤 喜 喝 嘴 四 回 因 园 国 圆 土 在 地 场 坏 坐 块 城 堂 堆 塑 处 备 外 多 夜 +大 天 太 夫 头 奇 套 女 奶 她 好 如 妹 妻 姑 娘 婚 婴 子 字 学 孩 它 宗 定 家 宽 寄 寓 察 对 寻 小 少 尖 尘 +就 尾 屋 山 工 左 己 已 巴 市 师 希 常 帽 干 平 年 庄 店 座 开 弟 张 往 很 得 心 必 忘 怕 您 想 懂 我 或 战 +房 所 扇 手 打 扔 把 报 拉 指 挖 挤 推 揉 握 搔 摄 摆 擦 收 敌 教 数 文 料 新 旁 旅 时 明 星 是 晚 暖 更 最 +月 有 朋 服 望 期 木 本 术 朵 机 杀 村 条 来 杯 板 林 果 枝 架 某 树 校 根 桌 桶 棕 森 棵 椅 橡 欢 歌 止 此 +死 母 每 比 毛 毯 水 求 汽 沙 没 河 油 法 泳 洗 活 流 浮 海 温 港 游 湖 湿 滑 满 滴 漂 火 灯 灰 炉 烂 烟 烧 +热 然 爱 父 片 牙 牛 牧 物 狗 猎 猫 王 玩 现 球 理 瓶 生 甲 电 男 画 白 百 的 皮 盏 盐 盒 盖 直 看 眼 着 睛 +睡 知 短 石 码 破 确 离 种 科 空 窄 窗 站 笑 笔 笨 第 等 答 简 算 箱 粒 红 约 纸 经 绑 结 给 绳 绿 缝 羊 羽 +翅 翰 老 而 耳 聪 肉 肚 肝 肠 肪 胀 背 胶 胸 能 脂 脏 脖 脚 腿 膀 膝 膨 自 舌 船 艘 艺 花 苹 草 落 蓝 薄 虫 +虱 虽 蛇 蛋 血 行 衣 表 衫 衬 袜 被 要 规 视 角 言 警 计 讨 语 说 请 读 谁 赢 走 起 趣 跑 距 路 跳 躺 车 转 +轻 辆 边 过 近 还 这 远 通 道 那 酒 酪 里 重 金 钝 钢 铁 银 长 门 闭 问 间 闻 阳 阵 除 雨 雪 零 雾 非 面 革 +靴 鞋 音 顶 项 须 颗 题 风 飞 饭 首 马 骨 鱼 鸟 黄 黎 黑 鼻 齿 ! , ? + +Also updated the Pinyin version and created a Makefile to convert Chi to Cmn. + + +19/10 + +Evaluation results for Synopsis terms from Jolene, file eng_chi2.txt. Summary: + + GOOD 295 68% + SOSO 66 15% + BAD 76 17% + +The annotation guidelines were: + + GOOD -- grammatically correct rendering of the English meaning + SOSO -- grammatically correct in some conditions, but means something different, or is strange with these words + BAD -- grammatically incorrect + +Some statistics on the BAD's: + + 10 "constant not found" errors, for structural words. + 5 in Numerals - maybe result from my bad conversion of Qiao's code? + + + diff --git a/lib/src/chinese/eng_chi2.txt b/lib/src/chinese/eng_chi2.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..8d6725f18 --- /dev/null +++ b/lib/src/chinese/eng_chi2.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1753 @@ +mkText (mkPhr (mkQS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) questMarkPunct (mkText (mkPhr yes_Utt) fullStopPunct) +does she sleep ? yes . +她睡吗?对。GOOD + +mkText yes_Utt +yes . +对。GOOD + +mkText (mkS pastTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she slept . +她睡了。GOOD + +mkText (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) +she sleeps . +她睡。GOOD + +mkText (mkQS pastTense (mkQCl (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +did she sleep ? +她睡了吗?GOOD + +mkText negativePol (mkImp sleep_V) +don't sleep ! +不睡!SOSO 不许睡! + +mkText (mkText (mkPhr (mkUtt where_IAdv)) questMarkPunct (mkText (mkPhr (mkUtt here_Adv)))) (mkText (mkPhr (mkUtt when_IAdv)) questMarkPunct (mkText (mkPhr (mkUtt now_Adv)) exclMarkPunct)) +where ? here . when ? now ! +哪里?这里。什么时候?现在!GOOD + +mkText (mkPhr yes_Utt) fullStopPunct +yes . +对。GOOD + +mkText (mkPhr yes_Utt) questMarkPunct +yes ? +对?SOSO 对吗? + +mkText (mkPhr yes_Utt) exclMarkPunct +yes ! +对!GOOD + +mkPhr but_PConj (mkUtt (mkImp sleep_V)) (mkVoc (mkNP i_Pron friend_N)) +but sleep , my friend +但是睡我的朋友 BAD 但是睡吧,我的朋友(if my friend comes right after 睡, 睡 becomes vt and means sleep with) + +mkPhr (mkS futureTense negativePol (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she won't sleep +她没在睡 SOSO 她不睡 + +mkPhr (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkPhr (mkQS conditionalTense (mkQCl (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +would she sleep +她睡着吗 SOSO 她睡吗 + +mkPhr (mkImp sleep_V) +sleep +睡 GOOD + +mkPhr (mkPConj and_Conj) (mkUtt now_Adv) +and now +现在 GOOD + +mkPhr yes_Utt (mkVoc (mkNP i_Pron friend_N)) +yes , my friend +对我的朋友 GOOD (comma missing though) + +mkUtt (mkS pastTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she slept +她睡了 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQS pastTense negativePol (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V)) +who didn't sleep +谁不睡了 SOSO 谁没睡 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V) +who sleeps +谁睡 GOOD + +mkUtt pluralImpForm negativePol (mkImp (mkVP man_N)) +don't be men +不是男人 SOSO 别作男人 + +mkUtt who_IP +who +谁 GOOD + +mkUtt why_IAdv +why +为什么 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Det man_N) +this man +这个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt here_Adv +here +这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP sleep_V) +to sleep +睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN beer_N) +beer +啤酒 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP good_A) +good +好 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) +five +五 GOOD + +mkPhr (lets_Utt (mkVP sleep_V)) +let's sleep +咱们睡吧 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkS positivePol (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkS negativePol (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she doesn't sleep +她没睡 SOSO 她不睡 + +mkUtt (mkS simultaneousAnt (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkS anteriorAnt (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she has slept +她睡 SOSO 她睡了 + +mkUtt (mkS presentTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkS pastTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she slept +她睡了 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkS futureTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she will sleep +她在睡 SOSO 她会睡 + +mkUtt (mkS conditionalTense (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she would sleep +她睡着 SOSO 她会睡 + +mkUtt singularImpForm (mkImp (mkVP man_N)) +be a man +是男人 SOSO 作个男人 + +mkUtt pluralImpForm (mkImp (mkVP man_N)) +be men +是男人 SOSO 作男人 + +mkUtt politeImpForm (mkImp (mkVP man_N)) +be a man +是男人 SOSO 作个男人 + +mkUtt (mkS conditionalTense anteriorAnt negativePol (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +she wouldn't have slept +她不睡 SOSO 她不可能睡过(?) + +mkUtt (mkS and_Conj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) (mkS (mkCl i_NP run_V))) +she sleeps and I run +她睡我跑 GOOD (prefer with a comma inbetween) + +mkUtt (mkS and_Conj (mkListS (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) (mkListS (mkS (mkCl i_NP run_V)) (mkS (mkCl (mkNP youSg_Pron) walk_V))))) +she sleeps , I run and you walk +她睡、我跑你走 GOOD (prefer comma between the last two phrases) + +mkUtt (mkS today_Adv (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +today she sleeps +今天她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) +she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP love_V2 he_NP) +she loves him +她爱他 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP send_V3 it_NP he_NP) +she sends it to him +她把它寄他 SOSO 她把它寄给他 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP want_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +she wants to sleep +她想睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP say_VS (mkS (mkCl i_NP sleep_V))) +she says that I sleep +她说我睡 SOSO (naked verb, preferably with 她说我睡了, or 她说我在睡 or etc) + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP wonder_VQ (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +she wonders who sleeps +她好奇谁睡 SOSO (naked verb, preferably with 她好奇谁睡了, or 她好奇谁在睡 or etc) + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP become_VA old_A) +she becomes old +她变老 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP become_VA (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +she becomes very old +她变非常老 SOSO 她变得非常老 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP paint_V2A it_NP red_A) +she paints it red +她把它画红 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP paint_V2A it_NP (mkAP red_A)) +she paints it red +她把它画红 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP answer_V2S he_NP (mkS (mkCl we_NP sleep_V))) +she answers to him that we sleep +她把他回答说我们睡 BAD 她回答他说我们睡了 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP ask_V2Q he_NP (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +she asks him who sleeps +她把他问说谁睡 BAD 她问他说谁睡了 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP beg_V2V he_NP (mkVP sleep_V)) +she begs him to sleep +她把他乞求睡 BAD 她乞求他睡 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP old_A) +she is old +她是老的 GOOD or 她很老 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP old_A he_NP) +she is older than he +她是比他老的 SOSO 她比他老/她比他大 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP married_A2 he_NP) +she is married to him +她是结婚他的 BAD 她和他结婚了/她已婚,先生是他 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +she is very old +她是非常老的 GOOD or 她非常老 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkNP the_Det woman_N)) +she is the woman +她是女人 SOSO 她是那个女人 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP woman_N) +she is a woman +她是女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkCN old_A woman_N)) +she is an old woman +她是老女人 GOOD or 她是个老女人 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP here_Adv) +she is here +她在这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkVP always_AdV (mkVP sleep_V))) +she always sleeps +她一直睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl house_N) +there is a house +有一间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl (mkCN old_A house_N)) +there is an old house +有一间老房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl (mkNP many_Det house_N) ) +there are many houses +有很多房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkVP sleep_V)))) +it is she who sleeps +睡的是她 GOOD or 睡的人是她 + +mkUtt (mkCl here_Adv (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) ) +it is here that she sleeps +她睡的是这里 GOOD or 她睡的地方是这里 + +mkUtt (mkCl rain_V0 ) +it rains +下雨 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl (progressiveVP (mkVP rain_V0))) +it is raining +下雨 SOSO 下着雨 + +mkUtt (mkCl (mkSC (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) (mkVP good_A)) +that she sleeps is good +她睡是好的 SOSO 她睡是好事 + +mkUtt (mkS (genericCl (mkVP sleep_V)) ) +one sleeps +睡 BAD 有人睡 + +mkUtt (mkVP sleep_V) +to sleep +睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP love_V2 he_NP) +to love him +爱他 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP send_V3 it_NP he_NP) +to send it to him +把它寄他 BAD 把它寄给他 + +mkUtt (mkVP want_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +to want to sleep +想睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP know_VS (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +to know that she sleeps +知道她睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP wonder_VQ (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +to wonder who sleeps +好奇谁睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP become_VA (mkAP red_A)) +to become red +变红 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP paint_V2A it_NP (mkAP red_A)) +to paint it red +把它画红 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP answer_V2S he_NP (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +to answer to him that she sleeps +把他回答说她睡 BAD 回答他说她睡了 + +mkUtt (mkVP ask_V2Q he_NP (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +to ask him who sleeps +把他问说谁睡 BAD 问他说谁睡了 + +mkUtt (mkVP beg_V2V he_NP (mkVP sleep_V)) +to beg him to sleep +把他乞求睡 BAD 乞求他睡 + +mkUtt (mkVP old_A) +to be old +是老的 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP old_A he_NP) +to be older than he +是比他老的 SOSO 比他老 + +mkUtt (mkVP married_A2 he_NP) +to be married to him +是结婚他的 BAD 和他结婚了/已婚,先生是他 + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +to be very old +是非常老的 GOOD or 非常老 + +mkUtt (mkVP woman_N) +to be a woman +是女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkCN old_A woman_N)) +to be an old woman +是老女人 GOOD or 是个老女人 + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkNP the_Det woman_N)) +to be the woman +是女人 SOSO 是那个女人 + +mkUtt (mkVP here_Adv) +to be here +在这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkVP sleep_V) here_Adv) +to sleep here +在这里睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP always_AdV (mkVP sleep_V)) +always to sleep +一直睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkVPSlash paint_V2A (mkAP black_A)) it_NP) +to paint it black +把它画黑 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkVPSlash paint_V2A (mkAP black_A))) +to paint itself black +画自己黑 BAD 把它自己画黑 + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkComp (mkAP warm_A))) +to be warm +是温暖的 GOOD + +mkUtt (reflexiveVP love_V2) +to love itself +爱自己 SOSO 爱它自己 + +mkUtt (reflexiveVP (mkVPSlash paint_V2A (mkAP black_A))) +to paint itself black +画自己黑 BAD 把它自己画黑 + +mkUtt (passiveVP love_V2) +to be loved +爱 BAD 被爱 + +mkUtt (passiveVP love_V2 she_NP) +to be loved by her +在她被爱 BAD 被她爱 + +mkUtt (progressiveVP (mkVP sleep_V)) +to be sleeping +睡 SOSO 在睡 + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkComp (mkAP old_A))) +to be old +是老的 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkComp (mkNP this_Det man_N))) +to be this man +是这个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP (mkComp here_Adv)) +to be here +在这里 GOOD + +mkSC (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +that she sleeps +她睡 GOOD + +mkSC (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V)) +who sleeps +谁睡 GOOD + +mkSC (mkVP sleep_V) +to sleep +睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkImp (mkVP (mkVP come_V) (mkAdv to_Prep (mkNP i_Pron house_N)))) +come to my house +在我的房子往来 BAD 到我家来 + +mkUtt (mkImp come_V) +come +来 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkImp buy_V2 it_NP) +buy it +买它 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant man_N) +this man +这个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant (mkCN old_A man_N)) +this old man +这个老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) (mkCN old_A man_N)) +these five old men +这五个老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) man_N) +these five men +这五个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet the_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) (mkCN old_A man_N)) +the five old men +五个老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet the_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) man_N) +the five men +五个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkNumeral (tenfoldSub100 n5_Unit)) (mkCN old_A man_N)) +fifty old men +五十个老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkNumeral (tenfoldSub100 n5_Unit)) man_N) +fifty men +五十个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDigits n5_Dig (mkDigits n1_Dig)) (mkCN old_A man_N)) +5 1 old men +51个老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDigits n5_Dig (mkDigits n1_Dig)) man_N) +5 1 men +51个男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP i_Pron (mkCN old_A man_N)) +my old man +我的老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP i_Pron man_N) +my man +我的男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP paris_PN) +Paris +巴黎 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP we_Pron) +we +我们 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant) +this +这个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) +these five +这五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet the_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) (mkOrd good_A))) +the five best +五最好个 BAD 最好的五个 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkCN old_A beer_N)) +old beer +老啤酒 SOSO 陈年的啤酒 + +mkUtt (mkNP beer_N) +beer +啤酒 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP only_Predet (mkNP this_Det woman_N)) +only this woman +只有的这个女人 BAD 只有这个女人 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkNP the_Det man_N) see_V2) +the man seen +看的男人 SOSO 被看到的男人 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkNP paris_PN) today_Adv) +Paris today +今天的巴黎 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkNP john_PN) (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkVP walk_V)))) +John , who walks +走的约翰 SOSO 走着的约翰 + +mkUtt (mkNP or_Conj (mkNP this_Det woman_N) (mkNP john_PN)) +this woman or John +这个女人或约翰 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP or_Conj (mkListNP (mkNP this_Det woman_N) (mkListNP (mkNP john_PN) i_NP))) +this woman , John or I +这个女人、约翰或我 GOOD + +mkUtt i_NP +I +我 GOOD + +mkUtt you_NP +you +你 GOOD + +mkUtt youPol_NP +you +您 GOOD + +mkUtt he_NP +he +他 GOOD + +mkUtt she_NP +she +她 GOOD + +mkUtt it_NP +it +它 GOOD + +mkUtt we_NP +we +我们 GOOD + +mkUtt youPl_NP +you +你们 GOOD + +mkUtt they_NP +they +他们 GOOD though he, she, it all have its corresponding plural term: 他们,她们,它们 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet this_Quant)) +this +这个 GOOD + +mkUtt this_NP +this +这个 GOOD + +mkUtt that_NP +that +那个 GOOD + +mkUtt these_NP +these +这个 BAD 这些 + +mkUtt those_NP +those +那个 BAD 那些 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet this_Quant (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit)))) +these five +这五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet the_Quant (mkOrd (mkNumeral n5_Unit)))) +the fifth +第五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet the_Quant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) (mkOrd good_A))) +the five best +五最好个 BAD 最好的五个 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet this_Quant pluralNum)) +these +这个 BAD 这些 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit)))) +five +五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) +five +五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet i_Pron)) +mine +我的个 BAD 我的 + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkDet i_Pron (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)))) +my five +我的五个 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP the_Det house_N) +the house +房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP a_Det house_N) +a house +一间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP theSg_Det house_N) +the house +房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP thePl_Det house_N) +the houses +房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP aSg_Det woman_N) +a woman +一个女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP aPl_Det woman_N) +women +一些女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Det woman_N) +this woman +这个女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP that_Det woman_N) +that woman +那个女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP these_Det woman_N) +these women +这些女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP those_Det woman_N) +those women +那些女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP (mkQuant i_Pron) house_N) +my house +我的房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP the_Quant house_N) +the house +房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP a_Quant house_N) +a house +一间房子 GOOD + +mkNum (mkNumeral (tenfoldSub100 n2_Unit)) +twenty +二十 GOOD + +mkNum (mkDigits n2_Dig (mkDigits n1_Dig)) +2 1 GOOD 二十一 +mkNum (mkCard almost_AdN (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) +almost five +几乎五 SOSO 差不多五个 + +mkNum (mkCard almost_AdN (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) +almost five +几乎五 SOSO 差不多五个 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n7_Unit)) +seven +七 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP (mkOrd small_A)) +smallest +最小 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkAdN more_CAdv) (mkCard (mkNumeral n8_Unit))) +more than eight +constantnotfound:more_CAdv BAD 超过八个 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub1000 n9_Unit (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)))) +nine hundred and ninety - nine +九九十九 BAD 九百九十 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub1000 n9_Unit (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)) (mkSub1000 n9_Unit (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)))) +nine hundred and ninety - nine thousand nine hundred and ninety - nine +九九万九千九九十九 BAD 九十九万九千九百九十九 + +mkUtt (mkCard (thousandfoldNumeral (mkSub1000 n9_Unit (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)))) +nine hundred and ninety - nine thousand +九九万九千 BAD 九十九万九千 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub1000 (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)))) +ninety - nine +九十九 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub1000 n9_Unit))) +nine hundred +九百 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub1000 n9_Unit (mkSub100 n9_Unit n9_Unit)))) +nine hundred and ninety - nine +九九十九 BAD 九百九十九 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub100 n8_Unit))) +eight +八 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub100 n8_Unit n3_Unit))) +eighty - three +八十三 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral (mkSub100 n8_Unit))) +eight +八 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n1_Unit)) +one +一 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n2_Unit)) +two +两 BAD 二 + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n3_Unit)) +three +三 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n4_Unit)) +four +四 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) +five +五 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n6_Unit)) +six +六 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n7_Unit)) +seven +七 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n8_Unit)) +eight +八 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkNumeral n9_Unit)) +nine +九 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCard (mkDigits n4_Dig)) +4 GOOD +mkUtt (mkCard (mkDigits n1_Dig (mkDigits n2_Dig (mkDigits n3_Dig (mkDigits n3_Dig (mkDigits n4_Dig (mkDigits n8_Dig (mkDigits n6_Dig)))))))) +1 , 2 3 3 , 4 8 6 +1233486 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN house_N ) +house +房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN mother_N2 (mkNP the_Det king_N)) +mother of the king +国王母亲 GOOD 国王的母亲 is also ok + +mkUtt (mkCN distance_N3 (mkNP this_Det city_N) (mkNP paris_PN) ) +distance from this city to Paris +巴黎这个城市的距离 BAD 从这个城市到巴黎的距离 + +mkUtt (mkCN mother_N2) +mother +母亲 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN distance_N3) +distance +的距离 BAD 距离 + +mkUtt (mkCN big_A house_N ) +big house +大房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN big_A (mkCN blue_A house_N)) +big blue house +大蓝房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkAP very_AdA big_A) house_N ) +very big house +非常大的房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkAP very_AdA big_A) (mkCN blue_A house_N) ) +very big blue house +非常大的蓝房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN man_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP she_NP love_V2))) +man whom she loves +她爱的男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN old_A man_N) (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP she_NP love_V2)) ) +old man whom she loves +她爱的老男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN house_N (mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP the_Det hill_N))) +house on the hill +在山上的房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN big_A house_N) (mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP the_Det hill_N))) +big house on the hill +在山上的大房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN rule_N) (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +rule that she sleeps +她睡规则 SOSO 她睡的规则 + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN question_N) (mkQS (mkQCl (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)))) +question if she sleeps +她睡吗问题 BAD 她睡不睡的问题 + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN reason_N) (mkVP sleep_V)) +reason to sleep +睡道理 BAD 睡的理由 + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN reason_N) (mkVP sleep_V)) +reason to sleep +睡道理 BAD 睡的理由 + +mkUtt (mkCN king_N (mkNP john_PN) ) +king John +约翰国王 GOOD or 约翰王 + +mkUtt (mkCN (mkCN old_A king_N) (mkNP john_PN)) +old king John +约翰老国王 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP warm_A) +warm +温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP warm_A (mkNP paris_PN)) +warmer than Paris +比巴黎温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP married_A2 she_NP ) +married to her +结婚她 BAD 和她结婚了/已婚,太太是她 + +mkUtt (mkAP married_A2) +married +结婚 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCl (mkVP (mkAP (mkAP good_A) (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))))) +it is good that she sleeps +是好她睡的 BAD 她睡是好事 + +mkUtt (mkCl (mkVP (mkAP (mkAP uncertain_A) (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))))) +it is uncertain who sleeps +是不确定谁睡的 BAD 不确定谁睡 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkAP (mkAP ready_A) (mkVP sleep_V))) +she is ready to sleep +她是准备好睡的 GOOD or 她准备好睡觉了 + +mkUtt (mkCl she_NP (mkAP (mkAP ready_A) (mkSC (mkVP sleep_V)))) +she is ready to sleep +她是准备好睡的 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP very_AdA old_A) +very old +非常老 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP very_AdA (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +very very old +非常非常老 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP or_Conj (mkAP old_A) (mkAP young_A)) +old or young +老或年轻 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP and_Conj (mkListAP (mkAP old_A) (mkListAP (mkAP big_A) (mkAP warm_A)))) +old , big and warm +老、大而温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP (mkOrd old_A)) +oldest +最老 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP as_CAdv (mkAP old_A) she_NP) +as old as she +constantnotfound:as_CAdv BAD 和她一样老 + +mkUtt (reflAP married_A2) +married to itself +结婚自己 BAD 和它自己结婚了 + +mkUtt (comparAP warm_A) +warmer +更温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv warm_A) +warmly +温暖 GOOD or 温暖地 depends on the context + +mkUtt (mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP the_Det house_N)) +in the house +房子里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv when_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +when she sleeps +她睡的时候 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv more_CAdv warm_A he_NP ) +more warmly than he +constantnotfound:more_CAdv BAD 比他温暖地 + +mkUtt (mkAdv more_CAdv warm_A (mkS (mkCl he_NP run_V)) ) +more warmly than he runs +constantnotfound:more_CAdv BAD 比他跑得温暖 + +mkUtt (mkAdv very_AdA (mkAdv warm_A) ) +very warmly +温暖非常 BAD 非常温暖地 + +mkUtt (mkAdv and_Conj here_Adv now_Adv) +here and now +这里现在 SOSO 现在这里/此时此刻 + +mkUtt (mkAdv and_Conj (mkListAdv (mkAdv with_Prep she_NP) (mkListAdv here_Adv now_Adv))) +with her , here and now +和她一起、这里现在 SOSO 和她一起,此时此刻 + +mkUtt (mkQS conditionalTense anteriorAnt negativePol (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V)) +who wouldn't have slept +谁不睡 SOSO 谁可能还没睡过(?) + +mkUtt (mkQS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +does she sleep +她睡吗 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl (mkCl she_NP sleep_V)) +does she sleep +她睡吗 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkVP (mkVP sleep_V) here_Adv)) +who sleeps here +谁在这里睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V) +who sleeps +谁睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP love_V2 she_NP) +who loves her +谁爱她 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP send_V3 it_NP she_NP) +who sends it to her +谁把它寄她 SOSO 谁把它寄给她 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP want_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +who wants to sleep +谁想睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP say_VS (mkS (mkCl i_NP sleep_V))) +who says that I sleep +谁说我睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP wonder_VQ (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +who wonders who sleeps +谁好奇谁睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP become_VA old_A) +who becomes old +谁变老 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP become_VA (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +who becomes very old +谁变非常老 SOSO 谁变得非常老 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP paint_V2A it_NP red_A) +who paints it red +谁把它画红 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP paint_V2A it_NP (mkAP very_AdA red_A)) +who paints it very red +谁把它画非常红 SOSO 谁把它画得非常红 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP answer_V2S he_NP (mkS (mkCl we_NP sleep_V))) +who answers to him that we sleep +谁把他回答说我们睡 BAD 谁回答他说我们睡了 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP ask_V2Q he_NP (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))) +who asks him who sleeps +谁把他问说谁睡 BAD 谁问他说谁睡了 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP beg_V2V he_NP (mkVP sleep_V)) +who begs him to sleep +谁把他乞求睡 BAD 谁求他去睡 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP old_A) +who is old +谁是老的 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP old_A he_NP) +who is older than he +谁是比他老的 GOOD or 谁比他老 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP married_A2 he_NP) +who is married to him +谁是结婚他的 BAD 谁和他结婚了 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkAP very_AdA old_A)) +who is very old +谁是非常老的 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkNP the_Det woman_N)) +who is the woman +谁是女人 SOSO 谁是那个女人 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP woman_N) +who is a woman +谁是女人 GOOD or 谁是个女人 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkCN old_A woman_N)) +who is an old woman +谁是老女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP here_Adv) +who is here +谁在这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkVP always_AdV (mkVP sleep_V))) +who always sleeps +谁一直睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl why_IAdv (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) ) +why does she sleep +她为什么睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl with_Prep who_IP (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) ) +with whom does she sleep +她和谁一起睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl where_IAdv she_NP ) +where is she +她在哪里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl (mkIComp who_IP) (mkNP this_Det man_N)) +who is this man +这个男人是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl (mkIP which_IQuant city_N)) +which city is there +有哪个城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP she_NP) +who is her +谁是她 BAD(?) 她是谁 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash (mkClSlash she_NP love_V2) today_Adv)) +whom does she love today +她今天爱的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP (mkIDet which_IQuant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) (mkCN big_A city_N) ) +which five big cities +哪五个大城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP (mkIDet which_IQuant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit))) city_N ) +which five cities +哪五个城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP (mkIDet which_IQuant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)))) +which five +哪五 SOSO 哪五个 + +mkUtt (mkIP which_IQuant (mkCN big_A city_N) ) +which big city +哪个大城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP which_IQuant (mkNum (mkNumeral n5_Unit)) (mkCN big_A city_N) ) +which five big cities +哪五个大城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP which_IQuant city_N) +which city +哪个城市 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP who_IP (mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP paris_PN))) +who in Paris +巴黎里的谁 SOSO 巴黎的谁 + +mkUtt what_IP +what +什么 GOOD + +mkUtt who_IP +who +谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIAdv in_Prep (mkIP which_IQuant city_N)) +in which city +哪个城市里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIAdv where_IAdv (mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP paris_PN)) ) +where in Paris +巴黎里哪里 SOSO 巴黎的哪里 + +mkUtt (mkIP (mkIDet which_IQuant pluralNum) house_N) +which houses +哪间房子 BAD 哪些房子 + +mkUtt (mkIP (mkIDet which_IQuant) house_N ) +which house +哪间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP which_IDet house_N) +which house +哪间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP whichPl_IDet house_N) +which houses +哪间房子 BAD 那些房子 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS conditionalTense anteriorAnt negativePol (mkRCl which_RP sleep_V))) +woman who wouldn't have slept +不睡的女人 SOSO 没睡的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP sleep_V))) +woman who sleeps +睡的女人 SOSO 睡觉的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS or_Conj (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP sleep_V)) (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP we_NP love_V2)))) +woman who sleeps or whom we love +睡的还是我们爱的女人 SOSO 睡觉的女人还是我们爱的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkVP (mkVP sleep_V) here_Adv)))) +woman who sleeps here +在这里睡的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP sleep_V))) +woman who sleeps +睡的女人 SOSO 睡觉的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP love_V2 he_NP))) +woman who loves him +爱他的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP send_V3 it_NP he_NP))) +woman who sends it to him +把它寄他的女人 SOSO 把它寄给他的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP want_VV (mkVP sleep_V)))) +woman who wants to sleep +想睡的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP say_VS (mkS (mkCl i_NP sleep_V))))) +woman who says that I sleep +说我睡的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP wonder_VQ (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))))) +woman who wonders who sleeps +好奇谁睡的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP become_VA old_A))) +woman who becomes old +变老的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP become_VA (mkAP very_AdA old_A)))) +woman who becomes very old +变非常老的女人 SOSO 变得非常老的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP paint_V2A it_NP red_A))) +woman who paints it red +把它画红的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP paint_V2A it_NP (mkAP very_AdA red_A)))) +woman who paints it very red +把它画非常红的女人 SOSO 把它画得非常红的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP answer_V2S he_NP (mkS (mkCl we_NP sleep_V))))) +woman who answers to him that we sleep +把他回答说我们睡的女人 BAD 回答他说我们睡了的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP ask_V2Q he_NP (mkQS (mkQCl who_IP sleep_V))))) +woman who asks him who sleeps +把他问说谁睡的女人 BAD 问他谁睡了的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP beg_V2V he_NP (mkVP sleep_V)))) +woman who begs him to sleep +把他乞求睡的女人 BAD 求他睡的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP old_A))) +woman who is old +是老的的女人 BAD 老女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP old_A he_NP))) +woman who is older than he +是比他老的的女人 BAD 比他老的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP married_A2 he_NP))) +woman who is married to him +是结婚他的的女人 BAD 和他结了婚的女人/嫁给他的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkAP very_AdA old_A)))) +woman who is very old +是非常老的的女人 BAD 非常老的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkNP the_Det woman_N)))) +woman who is the woman +是女人的女人 SOSO 是那个女人的女人 + +mkUtt (mkCN student_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP woman_N))) +student who is a woman +是女人的学生 SOSO 女学生 + +mkUtt (mkCN student_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkCN old_A woman_N)))) +student who is an old woman +是老女人的学生 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP here_Adv))) +woman who is here +在这里的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkVP always_AdV (mkVP sleep_V))))) +woman who always sleeps +一直睡的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP we_NP love_V2))) +woman whom we love +我们爱的女人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkCN woman_N (mkRS (mkRCl which_RP (mkClSlash (mkClSlash she_NP love_V2) today_Adv)))) +woman whom she loves today +她今天爱的女人 GOOD + +which_RP +RelativeEng.IdRP +RelativeChi.IdRP + +mkRP in_Prep (mkNP all_Predet (mkNP the_Quant pluralNum city_N)) which_RP +all the cities in whom +所有的城市里的 BAD 谁里的所有的城市 + +mkSSlash (mkTemp pastTense anteriorAnt) negativePol (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash see_V2)) +she hadn't seen +她不看了 SOSO 她没看过 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash see_V2))) +whom does she see +她看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP see_V2)) +whom does she see +她看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP want_VV see_V2)) +whom does she want to see +她想看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash (mkCl she_NP sleep_V) with_Prep)) +with whom does she sleep +和她一起睡的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash (mkClSlash she_NP see_V2) today_Adv)) +whom does she see today +她今天看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP know_VS (mkSSlash (mkTemp pastTense anteriorAnt) negativePol (mkClSlash we_NP (mkVPSlash see_V2))))) +whom does she know that we hadn't seen +她知道我们不看了的是谁 SOSO 我们没看过的人里,她认识谁 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash see_V2))) +whom does she see +她看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash send_V3 it_NP)) ) +to whom does she send it +她把它寄的是谁 BAD 她把它寄给谁 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash paint_V2A (mkAP red_A))) ) +whom does she paint red +她画红的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash ask_V2Q (mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv (mkCl i_NP sleep_V))))) ) +whom does she ask where I sleep +她问说我哪里睡的是谁 BAD 关于我哪里睡,她问的是谁 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash answer_V2S (mkS (mkCl i_NP sleep_V)))) ) +to whom does she answer that I sleep +她回答说我睡的是谁 SOSO 她对谁回答说我睡了 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash beg_V2V (mkVP sleep_V)))) +whom does she beg to sleep +她乞求睡的是谁 SOSO 她求谁去睡 + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash want_VV (mkVPSlash see_V2)))) +whom does she want to see +她想看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkQCl who_IP (mkClSlash she_NP (mkVPSlash beg_V2V i_NP (mkVPSlash see_V2)))) +whom does she beg me to see +她乞求我看的是谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv above_Prep it_NP) +above it +它上边 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv after_Prep it_NP) +after it +它以后 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP all_Predet (mkNP thePl_Det man_N)) +all the men +所有的男人 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP almost_AdA red_A) +almost red +几乎红 SOSO 差不多红了(?) + +mkUtt (mkCard almost_AdN (mkCard (mkNumeral n8_Unit)) ) +almost eight +几乎八 SOSO 几乎八个 + +mkUtt (mkAdv although_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +although she sleeps +虽然她睡但 GOOD + +always_AdV +always +一直 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv and_Conj here_Adv now_Adv) +here and now +这里现在 SOSO 此时此刻 + +mkUtt (mkAdv because_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +because she sleeps +因为她睡所以 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv before_Prep it_NP) +before it +它从前 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv behind_Prep it_NP) +behind it +在它后面 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv between_Prep (mkNP and_Conj you_NP i_NP)) +between you and me +你和我之间 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv both7and_DConj here_Adv there_Adv) +both here and there +constantnotfound:both7and_DConj BAD 既在这里,也在那里 + +but_PConj +but +但是 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv by8agent_Prep it_NP) +by it +它被 BAD 被它 + +mkUtt (mkAdv by8means_Prep it_NP) +by it +它旁边 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP can8know_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +to be able to sleep +会睡 GOOD(?) + +mkUtt (mkVP can_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +to be able to sleep +能睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv during_Prep it_NP) +during it +在它期间 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv either7or_DConj here_Adv there_Adv) +either here or there +constantnotfound:either7or_DConj BAD 要不在这,要不在那 + +mkUtt (mkNP every_Det woman_N) +every woman +每个女人 GOOD + +mkUtt everybody_NP +everybody +每个人 GOOD + +mkUtt everything_NP +everything +每件事 GOOD + +mkUtt (everywhere_Adv) +everywhere +到处 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP few_Det woman_N) +few women +少些女人 SOSO 几个女人 + +mkUtt (mkAdv for_Prep it_NP) +for it +它为了 BAD 为了它 + +mkUtt (mkAdv from_Prep it_NP) +from it +它从 BAD 从它 + +mkUtt (mkNP he_Pron) +he +他 GOOD + +mkUtt (here_Adv) +here +这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (here7to_Adv) +to here +到这里 GOOD + +mkUtt (here7from_Adv) +from here +从这里 GOOD + +mkUtt how_IAdv +how +如何 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP how8many_IDet house_N) +how many houses +多少间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt how8much_IAdv +how much +多少 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP i_Pron) +I +我 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv if_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +if she sleeps +如果她睡就 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv in8front_Prep it_NP) +in front of it +它前边 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv in_Prep it_NP) +in it +它里 SOSO 在它里 + +mkUtt (mkNP it_Pron) +it +它 GOOD + +less_CAdv +less +constantnotfound:less_CAdv BAD 更少 + +mkUtt (mkNP many_Det house_N) +many houses +很多房子 GOOD + +more_CAdv +more +constantnotfound:more_CAdv BAD 更多 + +most_Predet +most +大多数 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP much_Det wine_N) +much wine +多瓶酒 BAD 许多红酒 + +must_VV +have to +必须 GOOD or 不得不 + +no_Utt +no +不 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv on_Prep it_NP) +on it +在它上 GOOD + +only_Predet +only +只有 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv or_Conj here_Adv there_Adv) +here or there +这里还是那里 GOOD + +otherwise_PConj +otherwise +还是 BAD 不然 + +mkUtt (mkAdv part_Prep it_NP) +of it +它的 GOOD + +please_Voc +please +请 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv possess_Prep it_NP) +of it +它的 GOOD + +quite_Adv +quite +得很 SOSO(?) 相当 + +mkUtt (mkNP she_Pron) +she +她 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAP so_AdA warm_A) +so warm +如此温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP someSg_Det wine_N) +some wine +一些瓶酒 SOSO(?) 一些红酒 + +mkUtt (mkNP somePl_Det woman_N) +some women +一些个女人 SOSO 一些女人 + +mkUtt somebody_NP +somebody +某人 GOOD + +mkUtt something_NP +something +某事 GOOD + +mkUtt (somewhere_Adv) +somewhere +某处 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP that_Quant house_N) +that house +那间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv that_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +that she sleeps +她睡, GOOD + +mkUtt (there_Adv) +there +那里 GOOD + +mkUtt (there7to_Adv) +there +到那里 GOOD + +mkUtt (there7from_Adv) +from there +从那里 GOOD + +therefore_PConj +therefore +因此 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP they_Pron) +they +他们 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP this_Quant house_N) +this house +这间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv through_Prep it_NP) +through it +它通过 BAD 通过它 + +mkUtt (mkAdv to_Prep it_NP) +to it +它往 BAD 往它 + +mkUtt (mkAP too_AdA warm_A) +too warm +太温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv under_Prep it_NP) +under it +它下 BAD (在)它的下面 + +mkUtt (mkAP very_AdA warm_A) +very warm +非常温暖 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkVP want_VV (mkVP sleep_V)) +to want to sleep +想睡 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP we_Pron) +we +我们 GOOD + +mkUtt (whatPl_IP) +what +什么 GOOD + +mkUtt (whatSg_IP) +what +什么 GOOD + +mkUtt when_IAdv +when +什么时候 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv when_Subj (mkS (mkCl she_NP sleep_V))) +when she sleeps +她睡的时候 GOOD + +mkUtt where_IAdv +where +哪里 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkIP which_IQuant house_N) +which house +哪间房子 GOOD + +mkUtt (whoPl_IP) +who +谁 GOOD + +mkUtt (whoSg_IP) +who +谁 GOOD + +mkUtt why_IAdv +why +为什么 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv with_Prep it_NP) +with it +和它一起 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkAdv without_Prep it_NP) +without it +它没有 BAD 没有它 + +yes_Utt +yes +对 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP youSg_Pron) +you +你 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP youPl_Pron) +you +你们 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP youPol_Pron) +you +您 GOOD + +mkUtt (mkNP no_Quant house_N) +no house +不间房子 BAD 没有房子 + +mkUtt (mkNP not_Predet everybody_NP) +not everybody +不的每个人 BAD 不是每个人 + +mkUtt (mkAdv if_then_Conj here_Adv there_Adv) +if here then there +constantnotfound:if_then_Conj BAD 如果这里那么那里 + +mkUtt (mkCard at_least_AdN (mkCard (mkNumeral n8_Unit))) +at least eight +最少八 SOSO 最少八个 would be better(adding default counter) + +mkUtt (mkCard at_most_AdN (mkCard (mkNumeral n8_Unit))) +at most eight +最多八 SOSO 最多八个 would be better(adding default counter) + +mkUtt nobody_NP +nobody +没人 GOOD + +mkUtt nothing_NP +nothing +没有什么 SOSO 什么也没有 would be better + +mkUtt (mkAdv except_Prep it_NP) +except it +以外它除了 BAD 除了它以外 + +as_CAdv +as +constantnotfound:as_CAdv + +mkUtt (mkVP have_V2 it_NP) +to have it +有它 GOOD + +