diff --git a/doc/gf-bibliography.txt b/doc/gf-bibliography.txt
index 468a884c7..94f275bea 100644
--- a/doc/gf-bibliography.txt
+++ b/doc/gf-bibliography.txt
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ pp. 115-131,
 //A philosophical study of the medieval thesis that//
 //grammar is the same in all languages and the difference is only in words.//
 
-J Khegai. 
+J. Khegai. 
 GF parallel resource grammars and Russian.
 In proceedings of ACL2006 
   (The joint conference of the International Committee on Computational 
diff --git a/src/PGF/Expr.hs b/src/PGF/Expr.hs
index c586aae8c..eee489100 100644
--- a/src/PGF/Expr.hs
+++ b/src/PGF/Expr.hs
@@ -10,7 +10,10 @@ module PGF.Expr(Tree(..), Literal(..),
                 Value(..), Env, eval, apply,
 
                 -- helpers
-                pStr,pFactor
+                pStr,pFactor,
+
+                -- refresh metavariables
+                newMetas
                ) where
 
 import PGF.CId
@@ -250,4 +253,11 @@ apply :: Value -> Value -> Value
 apply (VClosure env (EAbs x e)) v = eval (Map.insert x v env) e
 apply v0                        v = VApp v0 v
 
-
+--- use composOp and state monad...
+newMetas :: Expr -> Expr
+newMetas = fst . metas 0 where
+  metas i exp = case exp of
+    EAbs x e -> let (f,j) = metas i e in (EAbs x f, j)
+    EApp f a -> let (g,j) = metas i f ; (b,k) = metas j a in (EApp g b,k)
+    EMeta _  -> (EMeta i, i+1)
+    _        -> (exp,i)
diff --git a/src/PGF/TypeCheck.hs b/src/PGF/TypeCheck.hs
index 1c0d04fd4..1a2ba334a 100644
--- a/src/PGF/TypeCheck.hs
+++ b/src/PGF/TypeCheck.hs
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ import Data.List (partition,sort,groupBy)
 import Debug.Trace
 
 typecheck :: PGF -> Tree -> [Tree]
-typecheck pgf t = case inferExpr pgf (tree2expr t) of
+typecheck pgf t = case inferExpr pgf (newMetas (tree2expr t)) of
   Ok t  -> [expr2tree t]
   Bad s -> trace s []