--2 Implementations of Words, with English as example concrete WordsBul of Words = SentencesBul ** open SyntaxBul, (R = ResBul), ParadigmsBul, (L = LexiconBul), (P = ParadigmsBul), ExtraBul, Prelude in { flags coding=utf8; lin -- Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkN$. Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ; Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ; Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ; Cheese = mkCN (mkN066 "сирене") ; Chicken = mkCN (mkN065 "пиле") ; Coffee = mkCN (mkN065 "кафе") ; Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ; Meat = mkCN (mkN054 "месо") ; Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ; Pizza = mkCN (mkN041 "пица") ; Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ; Tea = mkCN (mkN028 "чай") ; Water = mkCN L.water_N ; Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ; -- Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by $mkA$. Bad = L.bad_A ; Boring = mkA079 "еднообразен" ; Cheap = mkA076 "евтин" ; Cold = L.cold_A ; Delicious = mkA079 "превъзходен" ; Expensive = mkA076 "скъп" ; Fresh = mkA076 "свеж" ; Good = L.good_A ; Suspect = mkA079 "подозрителен" ; Warm = L.warm_A ; -- Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages -- also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use $to$, as -- defined by $mkPlace$. Airport = mkPlace (mkN066 "летище") "на" ; AmusementPark = mkCompoundPlace (mkA079 "увеселителен") (mkN001 "парк") "в" ; Bank = mkPlace (mkN041 "банка") "в" ; Bar = mkPlace (mkN042 "бар") "в" ; Cafeteria = mkPlace (mkN065 "кафе") "в" ; Center = mkPlace (mkN009a "център") "в" ; Cinema = mkPlace (mkN054 "кино") "на" ; Church = mkPlace (mkN041 "църква") "в" ; Disco = mkPlace (mkN041 "дискотека") "в" ; Hospital = mkPlace (mkN041 "болница") "в" ; Hotel = mkPlace (mkN007 "хотел") "в" ; Museum = mkPlace (mkN032 "музей") "в" ; Park = mkPlace (mkN001 "парк") "в" ; Parking = mkPlace (mkN007 "паркинг") "на" ; Pharmacy = mkPlace (mkN041 "аптека") "в" ; PostOffice = mkPlace (mkN041 "поща") "в" ; Pub = mkPlace (mkN042 "бар") "в" ; Restaurant = mkPlace (mkN007 "ресторант") "в" ; School = mkPlace (mkN007 "училище") "в" ; Shop = mkPlace (mkN007 "магазин") "в" ; Station = mkPlace (mkN041 "гарата") "на" ; Supermarket = mkPlace (mkN007 "супермаркет") "в" ; Theatre = mkPlace (mkN009 "театър") "на" ; Toilet = mkPlace (mkN007 "тоалет") "в" ; University = mkPlace (mkN007 "университет") "в" ; Zoo = mkPlace (mkN001 "зоопарк") "в" ; -- Currencies; $crown$ is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns. DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "датски") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Dollar = mkCN (mkN007 "долар") ; Euro = mkCN (mkN054 "евро") ; Lei = mkCN (mkN047 "лея") ; Leva = mkCN (mkN001 "лев") ; NorwegianCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "норвежки") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Pound = mkCN (mkN007 "паунд") ; Rouble = mkCN (mkN041 "рубла") ; SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA078 "шведски") (mkN041 "крона") | mkCN (mkN041 "крона") ; Zloty = mkCN (mkN041 "злота") ; -- Nationalities Belgian = mkCitizenship (mkN013 "белгиец") (mkN041 "белгийка") (mkA078 "белгийски") ; Belgium = mkPN "Белгия" R.Fem ; Bulgarian = mkNat (mkN018 "българин") (mkN041 "българка") (mkA078 "български") (mkPN "България" R.Fem) ; Catalan = mkNat (mkN008a "каталонец") (mkN041 "каталонка") (mkA078 "каталонски") (mkPN "Каталуния" R.Fem) ; Danish = mkNat (mkN018 "датчанин") (mkN041 "датчанка") (mkA078 "датски") (mkPN "Дания" R.Fem) ; Dutch = mkNat (mkN008a "холандец") (mkN041 "холандка") (mkA078 "холандски") (mkPN "Холандия" R.Fem) ; English = mkNat (mkN018 "англичанин") (mkN041 "англичанка") (mkA078 "английски") (mkPN "Англия" R.Fem) ; Finnish = mkNat (mkN008a "финландец") (mkN041 "финландка") (mkA078 "финландски") (mkPN "Финландия" R.Fem) ; Flemish = mkA078 "фламандски" ; French = mkNat (mkN018 "французин") (mkN041 "французойка") (mkA078 "френски") (mkPN "Франция" R.Fem) ; German = mkNat (mkN008a "германец") (mkN041 "германка") (mkA078 "немски") (mkPN "Германия" R.Fem) ; Italian = mkNat (mkN008a "италианец") (mkN041 "италианка") (mkA078 "италиански") (mkPN "Италия" R.Fem) ; Norwegian = mkNat (mkN008a "норвежец") (mkN041 "норвежка") (mkA078 "норвежки") (mkPN "Норвегия" R.Fem) ; Polish = mkNat (mkN014 "поляк") (mkN047 "полякиня") (mkA078 "полски") (mkPN "Полша" R.Fem) ; Romanian = mkNat (mkN008a "румънец") (mkN041 "румънка") (mkA078 "румънски") (mkPN "Румъния" R.Fem) ; Russian = mkNat (mkN014 "руснак") (mkN047 "рускиня") (mkA078 "руски") (mkPN "Русия" R.Fem) ; Swedish = mkNat (mkN007 "швед") (mkN041 "шведка") (mkA078 "шведски") (mkPN "Швеция" R.Fem) ; Spanish = mkNat (mkN008a "испанец") (mkN041 "испанка") (mkA078 "испански") (mkPN "Испания" R.Fem) ; -- Means of transportation Bike = mkTransport L.bike_N ; Bus = mkTransport (mkN007 "автобус") ; Car = mkTransport L.car_N ; Ferry = mkTransport (mkN007 "ферибот") ; Plane = mkTransport (mkN007 "самолет") ; Subway = mkTransport (mkN054 "метро") ; Taxi = mkTransport (mkN073 "такси") ; Train = mkTransport (mkN001 "влак") ; Tram = mkTransport (mkN032 "трамвай") ; ByFoot = P.mkAdv "пеша" ; -- Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent. AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP num L.year_N) ; AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ; -- AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 -- (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ; -- AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 -- (mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ; -- AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ; -- AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ; -- AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ; -- AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregBul.know_V ; -- ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ; -- ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxBul.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ; -- ALove p q = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "love")) q.name ; -- AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ; -- AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ; -- AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ; -- ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (mkV2 IrregBul.speak_V) lang ; -- AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ; -- ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ; -- AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregBul.understand_V ; -- AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ; -- AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregBul.go_V) place.to) ; -- miscellaneous -- QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl whatSg_IP (mkVP (nameOf p))) ; -- QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (ICompAP (mkAP L.old_A)) p.name) ; -- HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item IrregBul.cost_V)) ; -- ItCost item price = mkCl item (mkV2 IrregBul.cost_V) price ; -- PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_Adv ; -- PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_Adv ; -- PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d) ; -- PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d) ; -- PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d.habitual) ; -- PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d.habitual) ; -- Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use -- mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ; -- PSeeYou d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ; -- PSeeYouPlace p d = -- mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) -- (mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ; -- Relations are expressed as "my wife" or "my son's wife", as defined by $xOf$ -- below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of -- "the wife of my son" for non-pronouns. -- Wife = xOf sing (mkN "wife") ; -- Husband = xOf sing (mkN "husband") ; -- Son = xOf sing (mkN "son") ; -- Daughter = xOf sing (mkN "daughter") ; -- Children = xOf plur L.child_N ; -- week days -- Monday = mkDay "Monday" ; -- Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ; -- Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ; -- Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ; -- Friday = mkDay "Friday" ; -- Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ; -- Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ; -- Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ; -- auxiliaries oper mkCitizenship : N -> N -> A -> Citizenship = \male, female, adj -> lin Citizenship {s1 = table {R.Fem => female.s; _ => male.s}; s2 = adj} ; mkNat : N -> N -> A -> PN -> Nationality = \male, female, adj, country -> lin Nationality {s1 = table {R.Fem => female.s; _ => male.s}; s2 = adj; s3 = country} ; -- mkDay : Str -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d -> -- let day = mkNP (mkPN d) in -- mkNPDay day (SyntaxBul.mkAdv on_Prep day) -- (SyntaxBul.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP a_Quant plNum (mkCN (mkN d)))) ; mkCompoundPlace : A -> N -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} = \a, n, i -> mkCNPlace (mkCN a n) (P.mkPrep i R.Acc) to_Prep ; mkPlace : N -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} = \p,i -> mkCNPlace (mkCN p) (P.mkPrep i R.Acc) to_Prep ; -- open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ; -- closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ; -- xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p -> -- relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ; -- nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ; mkTransport : N -> {name : CN ; by : Adv} = \n -> { name = mkCN n ; by = SyntaxBul.mkAdv (P.mkPrep "с" R.Acc) (mkNP n) } ; }