The category system

Last update: Sat Feb 25 22:35:53 2006
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Some categories are inherited from Common.

    abstract Cat = Common ** {
    
      cat

Top-level units

Constructed in Text: Text. Constructed in Phrase: Phr and

        Utt ;   -- sentence, question, word...         e.g. "be quiet"
        Voc ;   -- vocative or "please"                e.g. "my darling"

Sentences and clauses

Constructed in Sentence, and also in Idiom.

        S ;     -- declarative sentence                e.g. "she lived here"
        QS ;    -- question                            e.g. "where did she live"
        RS ;    -- relative                            e.g. "in which she lived"
        Cl ;    -- declarative clause, with all tenses e.g. "she looks at this"
        Slash ; -- clause missing NP (S/NP in GPSG)    e.g. "she looks at"
        Imp ;   -- imperative                          e.g. "look at this"
        SC ;    -- embedded sentence or question       e.g. "that it rains"

Questions and interrogatives

Constructed in Question.

        QCl ;   -- question clause, with all tenses    e.g. "why does she walk"
        IP ;    -- interrogative pronoun               e.g. "who"
        IAdv ;  -- interrogative adverb                e.g. "why"
        IDet ;  -- interrogative determiner            e.g. "which"

Relative clauses and pronouns

Constructed in Relative.

        RCl ;   -- relative clause, with all tenses    e.g. "in which she lives"
        RP ;    -- relative pronoun                    e.g. "in which"

Verb phrases

Constructed in Verb.

        VP ;    -- verb phrase                         e.g. "is very warm"
        Comp ;  -- complement of copula, such as AP    e.g. "very warm"

Adjectival phrases

Constructed in Adjective.

        AP ;    -- adjectival phrase                   e.g. "very warm"

Nouns and noun phrases

Constructed in Noun. Many atomic noun phrases e.g. everybody are constructed in Structural. The determiner structure is

  Predet (QuantSg | QuantPl Num) Ord

as defined in Noun.

        CN ;    -- common noun (without determiner)    e.g. "red house"
        NP ;    -- noun phrase (subject or object)     e.g. "the red house"
        Pron ;  -- personal pronoun                    e.g. "she"
        Det ;   -- determiner phrase                   e.g. "all the seven"
        Predet; -- predeterminer (prefixed Quant)      e.g. "all"
        QuantSg;-- quantifier ('nucleus' of sing. Det) e.g. "every"
        QuantPl;-- quantifier ('nucleus' of plur. Det) e.g. "many"
        Quant ; -- quantifier with both sg and pl      e.g. "this/these"
        Num ;   -- cardinal number (used with QuantPl) e.g. "seven"
        Ord ;   -- ordinal number (used in Det)        e.g. "seventh"

Adverbs

Constructed in Adverb. Many adverbs are constructed in Structural.

        Adv ;   -- verb-phrase-modifying adverb,       e.g. "in the house"
        AdV ;   -- adverb directly attached to verb    e.g. "always"
        AdA ;   -- adjective-modifying adverb,         e.g. "very"
        AdN ;   -- numeral-modifying adverb,           e.g. "more than"

Numerals

Constructed in Numeral.

        Numeral;-- cardinal or ordinal,                e.g. "five/fifth"

Structural words

Constructed in Structural.

        Conj ;  -- conjunction,                        e.g. "and"
        DConj ; -- distributed conj.                   e.g. "both - and"
        PConj ; -- phrase-beginning conj.              e.g. "therefore"
        CAdv ;  -- comparative adverb                  e.g. "more"
        Subj ;  -- subjunction,                        e.g. "if"
        Prep ;  -- preposition, or just case           e.g. "in"

Words of open classes

These are constructed in Lexicon and in additional lexicon modules.

        V ;     -- one-place verb                      e.g. "sleep" 
        V2 ;    -- two-place verb                      e.g. "love"
        V3 ;    -- three-place verb                    e.g. "show"
        VV ;    -- verb-phrase-complement verb         e.g. "want"
        VS ;    -- sentence-complement verb            e.g. "claim"
        VQ ;    -- question-complement verb            e.g. "ask"
        VA ;    -- adjective-complement verb           e.g. "look"
        V2A ;   -- verb with NP and AP complement      e.g. "paint"
    
        A ;     -- one-place adjective                 e.g. "warm"
        A2 ;    -- two-place adjective                 e.g. "divisible"
    
        N ;     -- common noun                         e.g. "house"
        N2 ;    -- relational noun                     e.g. "son"
        N3 ;    -- three-place relational noun         e.g. "connection"
        PN ;    -- proper name                         e.g. "Paris"
    
    }