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gf-core/lib/resource/english/ResEng.gf
2008-02-22 23:34:22 +00:00

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--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../../prelude
--1 English auxiliary operations.
-- This module contains operations that are needed to make the
-- resource syntax work. To define everything that is needed to
-- implement $Test$, it moreover contains regular lexical
-- patterns needed for $Lex$.
resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
flags optimize=all ;
-- Some parameters, such as $Number$, are inherited from $ParamX$.
--2 For $Noun$
-- This is the worst-case $Case$ needed for pronouns.
param
Case = Nom | Acc | Gen ;
-- Agreement of $NP$ is a record. We'll add $Gender$ later.
oper
Agr = {n : Number ; p : Person} ;
param
Gender = Neutr | Masc | Fem ;
--2 For $Verb$
-- Only these five forms are needed for open-lexicon verbs.
param
VForm =
VInf
| VPres
| VPPart
| VPresPart
| VPast --# notpresent
;
-- Auxiliary verbs have special negative forms.
VVForm =
VVF VForm
| VVPresNeg
| VVPastNeg --# notpresent
;
-- The order of sentence is needed already in $VP$.
Order = ODir | OQuest ;
--2 For $Adjective$
AForm = AAdj Degree | AAdv ;
--2 For $Relative$
RAgr = RNoAg | RAg {n : Number ; p : Person} ;
RCase = RPrep | RC Case ;
--2 For $Numeral$
CardOrd = NCard | NOrd ;
DForm = unit | teen | ten ;
--2 Transformations between parameter types
oper
agrP3 : Number -> Agr = \n ->
{n = n ; p = P3} ;
conjAgr : Agr -> Agr -> Agr = \a,b -> {
n = conjNumber a.n b.n ;
p = conjPerson a.p b.p
} ;
-- For $Lex$.
-- For each lexical category, here are the worst-case constructors.
mkNoun : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> {s : Number => Case => Str} =
\man,mans,men,mens -> {
s = table {
Sg => table {
Gen => mans ;
_ => man
} ;
Pl => table {
Gen => mens ;
_ => men
}
}
} ;
mkAdjective : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> {s : AForm => Str} =
\good,better,best,well -> {
s = table {
AAdj Posit => good ;
AAdj Compar => better ;
AAdj Superl => best ;
AAdv => well
}
} ;
mkVerb : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb =
\go,goes,went,gone,going -> {
s = table {
VInf => go ;
VPres => goes ;
VPast => went ; --# notpresent
VPPart => gone ;
VPresPart => going
} ;
isRefl = False
} ;
mkIP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> {s : Case => Str ; n : Number} =
\i,me,my,n -> let who = mkNP i me my n P3 in {s = who.s ; n = n} ;
mkNP : (i,me,my : Str) -> Number -> Person -> {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} =
\i,me,my,n,p -> {
s = table {
Nom => i ;
Acc => me ;
Gen => my
} ;
a = {
n = n ;
p = p
}
} ;
-- These functions cover many cases; full coverage inflectional patterns are
-- in $MorphoEng$.
regN : Str -> {s : Number => Case => Str} = \car ->
mkNoun car (car + "'s") (car + "s") (car + "s'") ;
regA : Str -> {s : AForm => Str} = \warm ->
mkAdjective warm (warm + "er") (warm + "est") (warm + "ly") ;
regV : Str -> Verb = \walk ->
mkVerb walk (walk + "s") (walk + "ed") (walk + "ed") (walk + "ing") ;
regNP : Str -> Number -> {s : Case => Str ; a : Agr} = \that,n ->
mkNP that that (that + "'s") n P3 ;
-- We have just a heuristic definition of the indefinite article.
-- There are lots of exceptions: consonantic "e" ("euphemism"), consonantic
-- "o" ("one-sided"), vocalic "u" ("umbrella").
artIndef = pre {
"a" ;
"an" / strs {"a" ; "e" ; "i" ; "o" ; "A" ; "E" ; "I" ; "O" }
} ;
artDef = "the" ;
-- For $Verb$.
Verb : Type = {
s : VForm => Str ;
isRefl : Bool
} ;
param
CPolarity =
CPos
| CNeg Bool ; -- contracted or not
oper
contrNeg : Bool -> Polarity -> CPolarity = \b,p -> case p of {
Pos => CPos ;
Neg => CNeg b
} ;
VerbForms : Type =
Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => Order => Agr =>
{aux, adv, fin, inf : Str} ; -- would, not, sleeps, slept
VP : Type = {
s : VerbForms ;
prp : Str ; -- present participle
inf : Str ; -- the infinitive form ; VerbForms would be the logical place
ad : Str ; -- sentence adverb
s2 : Agr => Str -- complement
} ;
predV : Verb -> VP = \verb -> {
s = \\t,ant,b,ord,agr =>
let
inf = verb.s ! VInf ;
fin = presVerb verb agr ;
part = verb.s ! VPPart ;
in
case <t,ant,b,ord> of {
<Pres,Simul,CPos,ODir> => vff fin [] ;
<Pres,Simul,CPos,OQuest> => vf (does agr) inf ;
<Pres,Anter,CPos,_> => vf (have agr) part ; --# notpresent
<Pres,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c (have agr) (havent agr) part ; --# notpresent
<Past,Simul,CPos,ODir> => vff (verb.s ! VPast) [] ; --# notpresent
<Past,Simul,CPos,OQuest> => vf "did" inf ; --# notpresent
<Past,Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "did" "didn't" inf ; --# notpresent
<Past,Anter,CPos,_> => vf "had" part ; --# notpresent
<Past,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "had" "hadn't" part ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Simul,CPos,_> => vf "will" inf ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "will" "won't" inf ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Anter,CPos,_> => vf "will" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "will" "won't"("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Simul,CPos,_> => vf "would" inf ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "would" "wouldn't" inf ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Anter,CPos,_> => vf "would" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "would" "wouldn't" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Pres,Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c (does agr) (doesnt agr) inf
} ;
prp = verb.s ! VPresPart ;
inf = verb.s ! VInf ;
ad = [] ;
s2 = \\a => if_then_Str verb.isRefl (reflPron ! a) []
} ;
predAux : Aux -> VP = \verb -> {
s = \\t,ant,cb,ord,agr =>
let
b = case cb of {
CPos => Pos ;
_ => Neg
} ;
inf = verb.inf ;
fin = verb.pres ! b ! agr ;
finp = verb.pres ! Pos ! agr ;
part = verb.ppart ;
in
case <t,ant,cb,ord> of {
<Pres,Anter,CPos,_> => vf (have agr) part ; --# notpresent
<Pres,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c (have agr) (havent agr) part ; --# notpresent
<Past,Simul,CPos, _> => vf (verb.past ! b ! agr) [] ; --# notpresent
<Past,Simul,CNeg c, _> => vfn c (verb.past!Pos!agr)(verb.past!Neg!agr) [] ; --# notpresent
<Past,Anter,CPos,_> => vf "had" part ; --# notpresent
<Past,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "had" "hadn't" part ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Simul,CPos,_> => vf "will" inf ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "will" "won't" inf ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Anter,CPos,_> => vf "will" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Fut, Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "will" "won't"("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Simul,CPos,_> => vf "would" inf ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Simul,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "would" "wouldn't" inf ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Anter,CPos,_> => vf "would" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Cond,Anter,CNeg c,_> => vfn c "would" "wouldn't" ("have" ++ part) ; --# notpresent
<Pres,Simul,CPos, _> => vf fin [] ;
<Pres,Simul,CNeg c, _> => vfn c finp fin []
} ;
prp = verb.prpart ;
inf = verb.inf ;
ad = [] ;
s2 = \\_ => []
} ;
vff : Str -> Str -> {aux, adv, fin, inf : Str} = \x,y ->
{aux = [] ; adv = [] ; fin = x ; inf = y} ;
vf : Str -> Str -> {aux, adv, fin, inf : Str} = \x,y -> vfn True x x y ;
vfn : Bool -> Str -> Str -> Str -> {aux, fin, adv, inf : Str} =
\contr,x,y,z ->
case contr of {
True => {aux = y ; adv = [] ; fin = [] ; inf = z} ;
False => {aux = x ; adv = "not" ; fin = [] ; inf = z}
} ;
insertObj : (Agr => Str) -> VP -> VP = \obj,vp -> {
s = vp.s ;
prp = vp.prp ;
inf = vp.inf ;
ad = vp.ad ;
s2 = \\a => vp.s2 ! a ++ obj ! a
} ;
--- The adverb should be before the finite verb.
insertAdV : Str -> VP -> VP = \ad,vp -> {
s = vp.s ;
prp = vp.prp ;
inf = vp.inf ;
ad = vp.ad ++ ad ;
s2 = \\a => vp.s2 ! a
} ;
--
predVV : {s : VVForm => Str ; isAux : Bool} -> VP = \verb ->
let verbs = verb.s
in
case verb.isAux of {
True => predAux {
pres = table {
Pos => \\_ => verbs ! VVF VPres ;
Neg => \\_ => verbs ! VVPresNeg
} ;
past = table { --# notpresent
Pos => \\_ => verbs ! VVF VPast ; --# notpresent
Neg => \\_ => verbs ! VVPastNeg --# notpresent
} ; --# notpresent
inf = verbs ! VVF VInf ;
ppart = verbs ! VVF VPPart ;
prpart = verbs ! VVF VPresPart ;
} ;
_ => predV {s = \\vf => verbs ! VVF vf ; isRefl = False}
} ;
presVerb : {s : VForm => Str} -> Agr -> Str = \verb ->
agrVerb (verb.s ! VPres) (verb.s ! VInf) ;
infVP : Bool -> VP -> Agr -> Str = \isAux,vp,a ->
vp.ad ++
case isAux of {True => [] ; False => "to"} ++
vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a ;
agrVerb : Str -> Str -> Agr -> Str = \has,have,agr ->
case agr of {
{n = Sg ; p = P3} => has ;
_ => have
} ;
have = agrVerb "has" "have" ;
havent = agrVerb "hasn't" "haven't" ;
does = agrVerb "does" "do" ;
doesnt = agrVerb "doesn't" "don't" ;
Aux = {
pres : Polarity => Agr => Str ;
past : Polarity => Agr => Str ; --# notpresent
inf,ppart,prpart : Str
} ;
auxBe : Aux = {
pres = \\b,a => case <b,a> of {
<Pos,{n = Sg ; p = P1}> => "am" ;
<Neg,{n = Sg ; p = P1}> => ["am not"] ; --- am not I
_ => agrVerb (posneg b "is") (posneg b "are") a
} ;
past = \\b,a => case a of { --# notpresent
{n = Sg ; p = P1|P3} => (posneg b "was") ; --# notpresent
_ => (posneg b "were") --# notpresent
} ; --# notpresent
inf = "be" ;
ppart = "been" ;
prpart = "being"
} ;
posneg : Polarity -> Str -> Str = \p,s -> case p of {
Pos => s ;
Neg => s + "n't"
} ;
conjThat : Str = "that" ;
reflPron : Agr => Str = table {
{n = Sg ; p = P1} => "myself" ;
{n = Sg ; p = P2} => "yourself" ;
{n = Sg ; p = P3} => "itself" ; ----
{n = Pl ; p = P1} => "ourselves" ;
{n = Pl ; p = P2} => "yourselves" ;
{n = Pl ; p = P3} => "themselves"
} ;
-- For $Sentence$.
Clause : Type = {
s : Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => Order => Str
} ;
mkClause : Str -> Agr -> VP -> Clause =
\subj,agr,vp -> {
s = \\t,a,b,o =>
let
verb = vp.s ! t ! a ! b ! o ! agr ;
compl = vp.s2 ! agr
in
case o of {
ODir => subj ++ verb.aux ++ verb.adv ++ vp.ad ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl ;
OQuest => verb.aux ++ subj ++ verb.adv ++ vp.ad ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ compl
}
} ;
-- For $Numeral$.
mkNum : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> {s : DForm => CardOrd => Str} =
\two, twelve, twenty, second ->
{s = table {
unit => table {NCard => two ; NOrd => second} ;
teen => \\c => mkCard c twelve ;
ten => \\c => mkCard c twenty
}
} ;
regNum : Str -> {s : DForm => CardOrd => Str} =
\six -> mkNum six (six + "teen") (six + "ty") (regOrd six) ;
regCardOrd : Str -> {s : CardOrd => Str} = \ten ->
{s = table {NCard => ten ; NOrd => regOrd ten}} ;
mkCard : CardOrd -> Str -> Str = \c,ten ->
(regCardOrd ten).s ! c ;
regOrd : Str -> Str = \ten ->
case last ten of {
"y" => init ten + "ieth" ;
_ => ten + "th"
} ;
mkQuestion :
{s : Str} -> Clause ->
{s : Tense => Anteriority => CPolarity => QForm => Str} = \wh,cl ->
{
s = \\t,a,p =>
let
cls = cl.s ! t ! a ! p ;
why = wh.s
in table {
QDir => why ++ cls ! OQuest ;
QIndir => why ++ cls ! ODir
}
} ;
-- for VP conjunction
param
VPIForm = VPIInf | VPIPPart ;
}