mirror of
https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/gf-core.git
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382 lines
12 KiB
HTML
382 lines
12 KiB
HTML
<html>
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<body>
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<i> Produced by
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gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
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(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL.
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</i>
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<p>
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<h1> Implementation of MOLTO Phrasebook</h1>
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<h2> The functor for (mostly) common structures</h2>
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<pre>
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incomplete concrete SentencesI of Sentences = Numeral **
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open
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Syntax,
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Lexicon,
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Symbolic, -- for names as strings
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Prelude
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in {
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lincat
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Phrase = Text ;
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Sentence = S ;
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Question = QS ;
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Proposition = Cl ;
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Item = NP ;
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Kind = CN ;
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Quality = AP ;
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Property = A ;
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Object = NP ;
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Place = NPPlace ; -- {name : NP ; at : Adv ; to : Adv} ;
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PlaceKind = CNPlace ; -- {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} ;
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Currency = CN ;
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Price = NP ;
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Action = Cl ;
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Person = NPPerson ; -- {name : NP ; isPron : Bool ; poss : Quant} ;
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Nationality = NPNationality ; -- {lang : NP ; country : NP ; prop : A} ;
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Language = NP ;
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Citizenship = A ;
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Country = NP ;
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Day = NPDay ; -- {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} ;
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Date = Adv ;
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Name = NP ;
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Number = Card ;
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lin
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PSentence s = mkText s | lin Text (mkUtt s) ; -- optional '.'
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PQuestion s = mkText s | lin Text (mkUtt s) ; -- optional '?'
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PObject x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PKind x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PQuality x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PNumber x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PPlace x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x.name) ;
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PPlaceKind x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x.name) ;
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PCurrency x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PPrice x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PLanguage x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PCountry x = mkPhrase (mkUtt x) ;
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PCitizenship x = mkPhrase (mkUtt (mkAP x)) ;
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PDay d = mkPhrase (mkUtt d.name) ;
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PYes = mkPhrase yes_Utt ;
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PNo = mkPhrase no_Utt ;
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Is = mkCl ;
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SProp = mkS ;
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SPropNot = mkS negativePol ;
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QProp p = mkQS (mkQCl p) ;
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WherePlace place = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv place.name) ;
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WherePerson person = mkQS (mkQCl where_IAdv person.name) ;
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PropAction a = a ;
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AmountCurrency num curr = mkNP num curr ;
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ObjItem i = i ;
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ObjNumber n k = mkNP n k ;
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ObjIndef k = mkNP a_Quant k ;
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This kind = mkNP this_Quant kind ;
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That kind = mkNP that_Quant kind ;
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These kind = mkNP this_Quant plNum kind ;
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Those kind = mkNP that_Quant plNum kind ;
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The kind = mkNP the_Quant kind ;
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The kind = mkNP the_Quant kind ;
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Thes kind = mkNP the_Quant plNum kind ;
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SuchKind quality kind = mkCN quality kind ;
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Very property = mkAP very_AdA (mkAP property) ;
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Too property = mkAP too_AdA (mkAP property) ;
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PropQuality property = mkAP property ;
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ThePlace kind =
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let name : NP = mkNP the_Quant kind.name in {
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name = name ;
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at = mkAdv kind.at name ;
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to = mkAdv kind.to name
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} ;
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IMale, IFemale = mkPerson i_Pron ;
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YouFamMale, YouFamFemale = mkPerson youSg_Pron ;
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YouPolMale, YouPolFemale = mkPerson youPol_Pron ;
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LangNat n = n.lang ;
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CitiNat n = n.prop ;
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CountryNat n = n.country ;
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PropCit c = c ;
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OnDay d = d.point ;
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Today = today_Adv ;
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PersonName n =
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{name = n ; isPron = False ; poss = mkQuant he_Pron} ; -- poss not used
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</pre>
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<pre>
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NameNN = symb "NN" ;
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NNumeral n = mkCard <lin Numeral n : Numeral> ;
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AHave p kind = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP kind) ;
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ACitizen p n = mkCl p.name n ;
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ABePlace p place = mkCl p.name place.at ;
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oper
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</pre>
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These operations are used internally in Sentences.
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<pre>
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mkPhrase : Utt -> Text = \u -> lin Text u ; -- no punctuation
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mkPerson : Pron -> {name : NP ; isPron : Bool ; poss : Quant} = \p ->
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{name = mkNP p ; isPron = True ; poss = mkQuant p} ;
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</pre>
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These are used in Words for each language.
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<pre>
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NPNationality : Type = {lang : NP ; country : NP ; prop : A} ;
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mkNPNationality : NP -> NP -> A -> NPNationality = \la,co,pro ->
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{lang = la ;
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country = co ;
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prop = pro
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} ;
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NPDay : Type = {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} ;
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mkNPDay : NP -> Adv -> Adv -> NPDay = \d,p,h ->
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{name = d ;
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point = p ;
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habitual = h
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} ;
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NPPlace : Type = {name : NP ; at : Adv ; to : Adv} ;
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CNPlace : Type = {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} ;
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mkCNPlace : CN -> Prep -> Prep -> CNPlace = \p,i,t -> {
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name = p ;
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at = i ;
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to = t
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} ;
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NPPerson : Type = {name : NP ; isPron : Bool ; poss : Quant} ;
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relativePerson : GNumber -> CN -> (Num -> NP -> CN -> NP) -> NPPerson -> NPPerson =
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\n,x,f,p ->
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let num = if_then_else Num n plNum sgNum in {
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name = case p.isPron of {
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True => mkNP p.poss num x ;
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_ => f num p.name x
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} ;
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isPron = False ;
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poss = mkQuant he_Pron -- not used because not pron
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} ;
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GNumber : PType = Bool ;
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sing = False ; plur = True ;
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</pre>
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for languages without GenNP, use <i>the wife of p</i>
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<pre>
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mkRelative : Bool -> CN -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p ->
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relativePerson n x
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(\a,b,c -> mkNP (mkNP the_Quant a c) (Syntax.mkAdv possess_Prep b)) p ;
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</pre>
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for languages with GenNP, use <i>p's wife</i>
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relativePerson n x (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ;
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<pre>
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}
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</pre>
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<h2> Implementations of Words, with English as example</h2>
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<pre>
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concrete WordsEng of Words = SentencesEng **
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open
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SyntaxEng,
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ParadigmsEng,
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(L = LexiconEng),
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(P = ParadigmsEng),
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IrregEng,
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ExtraEng,
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Prelude in {
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lin
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</pre>
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Kinds; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by <tt>mkN</tt>.
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<pre>
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Apple = mkCN L.apple_N ;
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Beer = mkCN L.beer_N ;
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Bread = mkCN L.bread_N ;
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Cheese = mkCN (mkN "cheese") ;
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Chicken = mkCN (mkN "chicken") ;
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Coffee = mkCN (mkN "coffee") ;
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Fish = mkCN L.fish_N ;
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Meat = mkCN (mkN "meat") ;
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Milk = mkCN L.milk_N ;
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Pizza = mkCN (mkN "pizza") ;
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Salt = mkCN L.salt_N ;
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Tea = mkCN (mkN "tea") ;
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Water = mkCN L.water_N ;
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Wine = mkCN L.wine_N ;
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</pre>
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Properties; many of them are in the resource lexicon, others can be built by <tt>mkA</tt>.
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<pre>
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Bad = L.bad_A ;
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Boring = mkA "boring" ;
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Cheap = mkA "cheap" ;
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Cold = L.cold_A ;
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Delicious = mkA "delicious" ;
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Expensive = mkA "expensive" ;
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Fresh = mkA "fresh" ;
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Good = L.good_A ;
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Suspect = mkA "suspect" ;
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Warm = L.warm_A ;
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</pre>
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Places require different prepositions to express location; in some languages
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also the directional preposition varies, but in English we use <tt>to</tt>, as
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defined by <tt>mkPlace</tt>.
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<pre>
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Airport = mkPlace "airport" "at" ;
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Bar = mkPlace "bar" "in" ;
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Church = mkPlace "church" "in" ;
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Cinema = mkPlace "cinema" "at" ;
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Hospital = mkPlace "hospital" "in" ;
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Hotel = mkPlace "hotel" "in" ;
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Museum = mkPlace "museum" "in" ;
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Park = mkPlace "park" "in" ;
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Restaurant = mkPlace "restaurant" "in" ;
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School = mkPlace "school" "at" ;
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Shop = mkPlace "shop" "in" ;
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Station = mkPlace "station" "at" ;
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Theatre = mkPlace "theatre" "at" ;
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Toilet = mkPlace "toilet" "in" ;
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University = mkPlace "university" "at" ;
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</pre>
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Currencies; <tt>crown</tt> is ambiguous between Danish and Swedish crowns.
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<pre>
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DanishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Danish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
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Dollar = mkCN (mkN "dollar") ;
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Euro = mkCN (mkN "euro" "euros") ; -- to prevent euroes
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Lei = mkCN (mkN "leu" "lei") ;
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SwedishCrown = mkCN (mkA "Swedish") (mkN "crown") | mkCN (mkN "crown") ;
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</pre>
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Nationalities
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<pre>
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Belgian = mkA "Belgian" ;
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Belgium = mkNP (mkPN "Belgium") ;
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English = mkNat "English" "England" ;
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Finnish = mkNat "Finnish" "Finland" ;
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Flemish = mkNP (mkPN "Flemish") ;
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French = mkNat "French" "France" ;
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Italian = mkNat "Italian" "Italy" ;
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Romanian = mkNat "Romanian" "Romania" ;
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Swedish = mkNat "Swedish" "Sweden" ;
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</pre>
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Actions: the predication patterns are very often language-dependent.
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<pre>
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AHasAge p num = mkCl p.name (mkNP num L.year_N) ;
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AHasChildren p num = mkCl p.name have_V2 (mkNP num L.child_N) ;
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AHasRoom p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
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(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "room")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
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AHasTable p num = mkCl p.name have_V2
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(mkNP (mkNP a_Det (mkN "table")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep (mkNP num (mkN "person")))) ;
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AHasName p name = mkCl (nameOf p) name ;
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AHungry p = mkCl p.name (mkA "hungry") ;
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AIll p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ill") ;
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AKnow p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.know_V ;
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ALike p item = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "like")) item ;
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ALive p co = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP (mkV "live")) (SyntaxEng.mkAdv in_Prep co)) ;
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ALove p q = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "love")) q.name ;
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AMarried p = mkCl p.name (mkA "married") ;
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AReady p = mkCl p.name (mkA "ready") ;
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AScared p = mkCl p.name (mkA "scared") ;
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ASpeak p lang = mkCl p.name (mkV2 IrregEng.speak_V) lang ;
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AThirsty p = mkCl p.name (mkA "thirsty") ;
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ATired p = mkCl p.name (mkA "tired") ;
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AUnderstand p = mkCl p.name IrregEng.understand_V ;
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AWant p obj = mkCl p.name (mkV2 (mkV "want")) obj ;
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AWantGo p place = mkCl p.name want_VV (mkVP (mkVP IrregEng.go_V) place.to) ;
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</pre>
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miscellaneous
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<pre>
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QWhatName p = mkQS (mkQCl whatSg_IP (mkVP (nameOf p))) ;
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QWhatAge p = mkQS (mkQCl (ICompAP (mkAP L.old_A)) p.name) ;
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HowMuchCost item = mkQS (mkQCl how8much_IAdv (mkCl item IrregEng.cost_V)) ;
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ItCost item price = mkCl item (mkV2 IrregEng.cost_V) price ;
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PropOpen p = mkCl p.name open_Adv ;
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PropClosed p = mkCl p.name closed_Adv ;
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PropOpenDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d) ;
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PropClosedDate p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d) ;
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PropOpenDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP open_Adv) d.habitual) ;
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PropClosedDay p d = mkCl p.name (mkVP (mkVP closed_Adv) d.habitual) ;
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</pre>
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Building phrases from strings is complicated: the solution is to use
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mkText : Text -> Text -> Text ;
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<pre>
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PSeeYou d = mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you"))) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d)) ;
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PSeeYouPlace p d =
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mkText (lin Text (ss ("see you")))
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(mkText (mkPhrase (mkUtt p.at)) (mkPhrase (mkUtt d))) ;
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</pre>
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Relations are expressed as <i>my wife</i> or <i>my son's wife</i>, as defined by <tt>xOf</tt>
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below. Languages without productive genitives must use an equivalent of
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<i>the wife of my son</i> for non-pronouns.
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<pre>
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Wife = xOf sing (mkN "wife") ;
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Husband = xOf sing (mkN "husband") ;
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Son = xOf sing (mkN "son") ;
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Daughter = xOf sing (mkN "daughter") ;
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Children = xOf plur L.child_N ;
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</pre>
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week days
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<pre>
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Monday = mkDay "Monday" ;
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Tuesday = mkDay "Tuesday" ;
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Wednesday = mkDay "Wednesday" ;
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Thursday = mkDay "Thursday" ;
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Friday = mkDay "Friday" ;
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Saturday = mkDay "Saturday" ;
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Sunday = mkDay "Sunday" ;
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Tomorrow = P.mkAdv "tomorrow" ;
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</pre>
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auxiliaries
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<pre>
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oper
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mkNat : Str -> Str -> NPNationality = \nat,co ->
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mkNPNationality (mkNP (mkPN nat)) (mkNP (mkPN co)) (mkA nat) ;
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mkDay : Str -> {name : NP ; point : Adv ; habitual : Adv} = \d ->
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let day = mkNP (mkPN d) in
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mkNPDay day (SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep day)
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(SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP a_Quant plNum (mkCN (mkN d)))) ;
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mkPlace : Str -> Str -> {name : CN ; at : Prep ; to : Prep} = \p,i ->
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mkCNPlace (mkCN (mkN p)) (P.mkPrep i) to_Prep ;
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open_Adv = P.mkAdv "open" ;
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closed_Adv = P.mkAdv "closed" ;
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xOf : GNumber -> N -> NPPerson -> NPPerson = \n,x,p ->
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relativePerson n (mkCN x) (\a,b,c -> mkNP (GenNP b) a c) p ;
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nameOf : NPPerson -> NP = \p -> (xOf sing (mkN "name") p).name ;
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}
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</pre>
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</body>
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</html>
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