mirror of
https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/gf-core.git
synced 2026-04-09 13:09:33 -06:00
101 lines
3.3 KiB
HTML
101 lines
3.3 KiB
HTML
<html>
|
|
<body>
|
|
<i> Produced by
|
|
gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
|
|
(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL.
|
|
</i>
|
|
<p>
|
|
<h1> Sentence: Sentences, Clauses, and Imperatives</h1>
|
|
|
|
<pre>
|
|
abstract Sentence = Cat ** {
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2> Clauses</h2>
|
|
The <tt>NP VP</tt> predication rule form a clause whose linearization
|
|
gives a table of all tense variants, positive and negative.
|
|
Clauses are converted to <tt>S</tt> (with fixed tense) with the
|
|
<tt>UseCl</tt> function below.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
data
|
|
PredVP : NP -> VP -> Cl ; -- John walks
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
Using an embedded sentence as a subject is treated separately.
|
|
This can be overgenerating. E.g. <i>whether you go</i> as subject
|
|
is only meaningful for some verb phrases.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
PredSCVP : SC -> VP -> Cl ; -- that she goes is good
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2> Clauses missing object noun phrases</h2>
|
|
This category is a variant of the 'slash category' <tt>S/NP</tt> of
|
|
GPSG and categorial grammars, which in turn replaces
|
|
movement transformations in the formation of questions
|
|
and relative clauses. Except <tt>SlashV2</tt>, the construction
|
|
rules can be seen as special cases of function composition, in
|
|
the style of CCG.
|
|
<b>Note</b> the set is not complete and lacks e.g. verbs with more than 2 places.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
SlashVP : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) he sees
|
|
AdvSlash : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) he sees today
|
|
SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash ; -- (with whom) he walks
|
|
SlashVS : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) she says that he loves
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2> Imperatives</h2>
|
|
An imperative is straightforwardly formed from a verb phrase.
|
|
It has variation over positive and negative, singular and plural.
|
|
To fix these parameters, see [Phrase Phrase.html].
|
|
<pre>
|
|
ImpVP : VP -> Imp ; -- love yourselves
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2> Embedded sentences</h2>
|
|
Sentences, questions, and infinitival phrases can be used as
|
|
subjects and (adverbial) complements.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
EmbedS : S -> SC ; -- that she goes
|
|
EmbedQS : QS -> SC ; -- who goes
|
|
EmbedVP : VP -> SC ; -- to go
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
<h2> Sentences</h2>
|
|
These are the 2 x 4 x 4 = 16 forms generated by different
|
|
combinations of tense, polarity, and
|
|
anteriority, which are defined in [``Common`` Common.html].
|
|
<pre>
|
|
fun
|
|
UseCl : Temp -> Pol -> Cl -> S ;
|
|
UseQCl : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ;
|
|
UseRCl : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ;
|
|
UseSlash : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash ;
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
An adverb can be added to the beginning of a sentence, either with comma (<i>externally</i>)
|
|
or without:
|
|
<pre>
|
|
AdvS : Adv -> S -> S ; -- then I will go home
|
|
ExtAdvS : Adv -> S -> S ; -- next week, I will go home
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
This covers subjunctive clauses, but they can also be added to the end.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
SSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S ; -- I go home if she comes
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
A sentence can be modified by a relative clause referring to its contents.
|
|
<pre>
|
|
RelS : S -> RS -> S ; -- she sleeps, which is good
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
-- A sentence can also be post-modified by a subjunct sentence.
|
|
-- ModSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S ; -- she sleeps, because she is old
|
|
-- cf. Adverb.SubjS
|
|
<pre>
|
|
}
|
|
</pre>
|
|
|
|
</body>
|
|
</html>
|