mirror of
https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/gf-core.git
synced 2026-04-15 07:49:31 -06:00
325 lines
13 KiB
HTML
325 lines
13 KiB
HTML
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">
|
|
<HTML>
|
|
<HEAD>
|
|
<META NAME="generator" CONTENT="http://txt2tags.sf.net">
|
|
<TITLE> Constructors: the High-Level Syntax API</TITLE>
|
|
</HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="white" TEXT="black">
|
|
<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1> Constructors: the High-Level Syntax API</H1>
|
|
<FONT SIZE="4">
|
|
<I>Last update: 2006-11-27 17:15:06 CET</I><BR>
|
|
</FONT></CENTER>
|
|
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<UL>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Texts, phrases, and utterances</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Sentences, and clauses</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Verb phrases and imperatives</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Noun phrases and determiners</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Numerals - cardinal and ordinal</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Common nouns</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Adjectival phrases</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Adverbs</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc9">Questions and interrogative pronouns</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Relative clauses and relative pronouns</A>
|
|
<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Objectless sentences and sentence complements</A>
|
|
</UL>
|
|
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
Produced by
|
|
gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
|
|
(c) Aarne Ranta (<A HREF="mailto:aarne@cs.chalmers.se">aarne@cs.chalmers.se</A>) 2002 under GNU GPL.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
This module gives access to (almost) all functions in the resource
|
|
syntax API defined in <A HREF="Grammar.html">Grammar</A>. It uses overloaded
|
|
function names to reduce the burden of remembering different names.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The principle is simply:
|
|
to construct an object of type <CODE>C</CODE>, use the function <CODE>mkC</CODE>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
For example, to the object
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<CODE>PredVP (UsePron she_Pron) (ComplV2 love_V2 (UsePN paris_PN))</CODE>
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
can now also be written
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<CODE>mkCl (mkNP she_Pron) (mkVP love_V2 (mkNP paris_PN))</CODE>
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
In addition to exact variants of the <CODE>Grammar</CODE> functions, the module
|
|
gives some common special cases using deeper terms and default arguments.
|
|
An example of deeper terms is two-place coordination such as
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<CODE>mkNP : Conj -> NP -> NP -> NP</CODE>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
An example of default arguments is present-tense sentences,
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
<CODE>mkS : Cl -> S</CODE>.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<P>
|
|
The <I>old</I> API can of course be used simultaneously with this one.
|
|
Typically, <CODE>Grammar</CODE> and <CODE>Paradigms</CODE> are needed to be <CODE>open</CODE>ed in addition
|
|
to this.
|
|
</P>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
incomplete resource Constructors = open Grammar in {
|
|
|
|
oper
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc1"></A>
|
|
<H2>Texts, phrases, and utterances</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkText : overload {
|
|
mkText : Text ; -- [empty text]
|
|
mkText : Phr -> Text -> Text -- John walks. ...
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkPhr : overload {
|
|
mkPhr : PConj -> Utt -> Voc -> Phr; -- But go home my friend
|
|
mkPhr : Utt -> Phr ; -- Go home
|
|
mkPhr : S -> Phr -- I go home
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkUtt : overload {
|
|
mkUtt : S -> Utt ; -- John walks
|
|
mkUtt : QS -> Utt ; -- is it good
|
|
mkUtt : Pol -> Imp -> Utt ; -- (don't) help yourself
|
|
mkUtt : Imp -> Utt ; -- help yourself
|
|
mkUtt : IP -> Utt ; -- who
|
|
mkUtt : IAdv -> Utt ; -- why
|
|
mkUtt : NP -> Utt ; -- this man
|
|
mkUtt : Adv -> Utt ; -- here
|
|
mkUtt : VP -> Utt -- to sleep
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
|
|
<H2>Sentences, and clauses</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkS : overload {
|
|
mkS : Tense -> Ant -> Pol -> Cl -> S ; -- John wouldn't have walked
|
|
mkS : Cl -> S ; -- John walks
|
|
mkS : Conj -> S -> S -> S ; -- John walks and Mary talks
|
|
mkS : DConj -> S -> S -> S ; -- either I leave or you come
|
|
mkS : Conj -> ListS -> S ; -- John walks, Mary talks, and Bob runs
|
|
mkS : DConj -> ListS -> S ; -- either I leave, you come, or he runs
|
|
mkS : Adv -> S -> S -- today, I will sleep
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkCl : overload {
|
|
mkCl : NP -> VP -> Cl ; -- John walks
|
|
mkCl : VP -> Cl ; -- it rains
|
|
mkCl : NP -> RS -> Cl ; -- it is you who did it
|
|
mkCl : Adv -> S -> Cl ; -- it is yesterday she arrived
|
|
mkCl : NP -> Cl -- there is a house
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc3"></A>
|
|
<H2>Verb phrases and imperatives</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkVP : overload {
|
|
mkVP : V -> VP ; -- sleep
|
|
mkVP : V2 -> NP -> VP ; -- use it
|
|
mkVP : V3 -> NP -> NP -> VP ; -- send a message to her
|
|
mkVP : VV -> VP -> VP ; -- want to run
|
|
mkVP : VS -> S -> VP ; -- know that she runs
|
|
mkVP : VQ -> QS -> VP ; -- ask if she runs
|
|
mkVP : VA -> AP -> VP ; -- look red
|
|
mkVP : V2A -> NP -> AP -> VP ; -- paint the house red
|
|
mkVP : AP -> VP ; -- be warm
|
|
mkVP : NP -> VP ; -- be a man
|
|
mkVP : Adv -> VP ; -- be here
|
|
mkVP : VP -> Adv -> VP ; -- sleep here
|
|
mkVP : AdV -> VP -> VP -- always sleep
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkImp : overload {
|
|
mkImp : VP -> Imp ; -- go there now
|
|
mkImp : V -> Imp ; -- go
|
|
mkImp : V2 -> NP -> Imp -- take it
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc4"></A>
|
|
<H2>Noun phrases and determiners</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkNP : overload {
|
|
mkNP : Det -> CN -> NP ; -- the old man
|
|
mkNP : Det -> N -> NP ; -- the man
|
|
mkNP : PN -> NP ; -- John
|
|
mkNP : Pron -> NP ; -- he
|
|
mkNP : Predet -> NP -> NP ; -- all the men
|
|
mkNP : NP -> V2 -> NP ; -- the number squared
|
|
mkNP : NP -> Adv -> NP ; -- Paris at midnight
|
|
mkNP : Conj -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- John and Mary walk
|
|
mkNP : DConj -> NP -> NP -> NP ; -- both John and Mary walk
|
|
mkNP : Conj -> ListNP -> NP ; -- John, Mary, and Bill walk
|
|
mkNP : DConj -> ListNP -> NP -- both John, Mary, and Bill walk
|
|
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkDet : overload {
|
|
mkDet : QuantSg -> Ord -> Det ; -- this best (man)
|
|
mkDet : Det ; -- the (man)
|
|
mkDet : QuantSg -> Det ; -- this (man)
|
|
mkDet : QuantPl -> Num -> Ord -> Det ; -- these five best (men)
|
|
mkDet : QuantPl -> Det ; -- these (men)
|
|
mkDet : Quant -> Det ; -- this (man)
|
|
mkDet : Num -> Det ; -- five (men)
|
|
mkDet : Pron -> Det -- my (house)
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
|
|
<H2>Numerals - cardinal and ordinal</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkNum : overload {
|
|
mkNum : Num ; -- [no num]
|
|
mkNum : Int -> Num ; -- 51
|
|
mkNum : Digit -> Num
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkOrd : overload {
|
|
mkOrd : Ord ; -- [no ord]
|
|
mkOrd : Int -> Ord ; -- 51st
|
|
mkOrd : Digit -> Ord ; -- fifth
|
|
mkOrd : A -> Ord -- largest
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
|
|
<H2>Common nouns</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkCN : overload {
|
|
mkCN : N -> CN ; -- house
|
|
mkCN : N2 -> NP -> CN ; -- son of the king
|
|
mkCN : N3 -> NP -> NP -> CN ; -- flight from Moscow (to Paris)
|
|
mkCN : N2 -> CN ; -- son
|
|
mkCN : N3 -> CN ; -- flight
|
|
mkCN : AP -> CN -> CN ; -- big house
|
|
mkCN : CN -> AP -> CN ; -- big house
|
|
mkCN : CN -> RS -> CN ; -- house that John owns
|
|
mkCN : CN -> Adv -> CN ; -- house on the hill
|
|
mkCN : CN -> SC -> CN ; -- fact that John smokes, question if he does
|
|
mkCN : CN -> NP -> CN -- number x, numbers x and y
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc7"></A>
|
|
<H2>Adjectival phrases</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkAP : overload {
|
|
mkAP : A -> AP ; -- warm
|
|
mkAP : A -> NP -> AP ; -- warmer than Spain
|
|
mkAP : A2 -> NP -> AP ; -- divisible by 2
|
|
mkAP : A2 -> AP ; -- divisible by itself
|
|
mkAP : AP -> SC -> AP ; -- great that she won; uncertain if she did
|
|
mkAP : AdA -> AP -> AP ; -- very uncertain
|
|
mkAP : Conj -> AP -> AP -> AP ; -- warm and nice
|
|
mkAP : DConj -> AP -> AP -> AP ;-- both warm and nice
|
|
mkAP : Conj -> ListAP -> AP ; -- warm, nice, and cheap
|
|
mkAP : DConj -> ListAP -> AP -- both warm, nice, and cheap
|
|
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc8"></A>
|
|
<H2>Adverbs</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkAdv : overload {
|
|
mkAdv : A -> Adv ; -- quickly
|
|
mkAdv : Prep -> NP -> Adv ; -- in the house
|
|
mkAdv : CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv ; -- more quickly than John
|
|
mkAdv : CAdv -> A -> S -> Adv ; -- more quickly than he runs
|
|
mkAdv : AdA -> Adv -> Adv ; -- very quickly
|
|
mkAdv : Subj -> S -> Adv ; -- when he arrives
|
|
mkAdv : Conj -> Adv -> Adv -> Adv; -- here and now
|
|
mkAdv : DConj -> Adv -> Adv -> Adv; -- both here and now
|
|
mkAdv : Conj -> ListAdv -> Adv ; -- here, now, and with you
|
|
mkAdv : DConj -> ListAdv -> Adv -- both here, now, and with you
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc9"></A>
|
|
<H2>Questions and interrogative pronouns</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkQS : overload {
|
|
mkQS : Tense -> Ant -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ; -- wouldn't John have walked
|
|
mkQS : QCl -> QS -- does John walk
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkQCl : overload {
|
|
mkQCl : Cl -> QCl ; -- does John walk
|
|
mkQCl : IP -> VP -> QCl ; -- who walks
|
|
mkQCl : IP -> Slash -> QCl ; -- who does John love
|
|
mkQCl : IP -> NP -> V2 -> QCl ; -- who does John love
|
|
mkQCl : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ; -- why does John walk
|
|
mkQCl : Prep -> IP -> Cl -> QCl ; -- with whom does John walk
|
|
mkQCl : IAdv -> NP -> QCl ; -- where is John
|
|
mkQCl : IP -> QCl -- which houses are there
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkIP : overload {
|
|
mkIP : IDet -> Num -> Ord -> CN -> IP ; -- which five best songs
|
|
mkIP : IDet -> N -> IP ; -- which song
|
|
mkIP : IP -> Adv -> IP -- who in Europe
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc10"></A>
|
|
<H2>Relative clauses and relative pronouns</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkRS : overload {
|
|
mkRS : Tense -> Ant -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ; -- who wouldn't have walked
|
|
mkRS : RCl -> RS -- who walks
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkRCl : overload {
|
|
mkRCl : Cl -> RCl ; -- such that John loves her
|
|
mkRCl : RP -> VP -> RCl ; -- who loves John
|
|
mkRCl : RP -> Slash -> RCl -- whom John loves
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkRP : overload {
|
|
mkRP : RP ; -- which
|
|
mkRP : Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP -- all the roots of which
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
<A NAME="toc11"></A>
|
|
<H2>Objectless sentences and sentence complements</H2>
|
|
<PRE>
|
|
mkSlash : overload {
|
|
mkSlash : NP -> V2 -> Slash ; -- (whom) he sees
|
|
mkSlash : NP -> VV -> V2 -> Slash ; -- (whom) he wants to see
|
|
mkSlash : Slash -> Adv -> Slash ; -- (whom) he sees tomorrow
|
|
mkSlash : Cl -> Prep -> Slash -- (with whom) he walks
|
|
} ;
|
|
|
|
mkSC : overload {
|
|
mkSC : S -> SC ; -- that you go
|
|
mkSC : QS -> SC ; -- whether you go
|
|
mkSC : VP -> SC -- to go
|
|
} ;
|
|
</PRE>
|
|
<P></P>
|
|
|
|
<!-- html code generated by txt2tags 2.3 (http://txt2tags.sf.net) -->
|
|
<!-- cmdline: txt2tags -thtml -\-toc api/Constructors.txt -->
|
|
</BODY></HTML>
|