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112 lines
3.8 KiB
Plaintext
112 lines
3.8 KiB
Plaintext
The GF Software System
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%!style:../css/style.css
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The GF software system implements the GF programming language. Its
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components are
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- the //compiler//,
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translating ``.gf`` source files to ``.gfo`` object files, to
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``.pgf`` run-time grammars, and to various other formats
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- the //run-time system//,
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performing parsing, generation, translation and other functions with
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``.pgf`` grammars
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- the //command interpreter//, also known as the //GF shell//,
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executing user commands by calling the compiler and the run-time system
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This page describes the commands of the GF shell,
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as well as the use of the compiler in batch mode.
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%%toc
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==The GF shell==
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The GF shell is invoked by the command ``gf``, which takes arguments and
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options according to the following syntax:
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```
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gf (OPTION | FLAG)* FILE*
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```
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The shell maintains a //state//, to which belong
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- a multilingual PGF grammar
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- optionally, a set of compiled GF modules (retaining ``oper`` definitions)
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- a history of previous commands
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- a set of string, tree, and command macros
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Unless file arguments are provided to the ``gf`` command, the shell starts in an
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empty state, with no grammars and no history.
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In the shell, a set of commands
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is available. Some of these commands may change the grammars in the state. The general
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syntax of commands is given by the following BNF grammar:
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```
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COMMAND_LINE ::= COMMAND_PIPE
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COMMAND_LINE ::= COMMAND_PIPE ";" COMMAND_LINE
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COMMAND_PIPE ::= COMMAND
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COMMAND_PIPE ::= COMMAND "|" COMMAND_PIPE
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COMMAND ::= COMMAND_ID (OPTION | FLAG)* ARGUMENT?
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OPTION ::= "-"OPTION_ID
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FLAG ::= "-"OPTION_ID "=" VALUE
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ARGUMENT ::= QUOTED_STRING | TREE
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VALUE ::= IDENT | QUOTED_STRING
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```
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A command pipe is a sequence of commands interpreted in such a way
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that the output of each command
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is send as input to the next. The option ``-tr`` causes GF to show a trace,
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i.e. the intermediate result of the command to which it is attached.
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A command line is a sequence of pipes separated by ``;``. These pipes are
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executed one by one, in the order of appearance.
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===GF shell commands===
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The full set of GF shell commands is listed below with explanations.
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This list can also be obtained in the GF shell by the command ``help -full``.
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%!include: gf-help-full.txt
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==The GF batch compiler==
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With the option ``-batch``, GF can be invoked in batch mode, i.e.
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without opening the shell, to compile files from ``.gf`` to ``.gfo``.
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The ``-s`` option ("silent") eliminates all messages except errors.
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```
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$ gf -batch -s LangIta.gf
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```
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With the option ``-make``, and as a set of
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top-level grammar files (with the same abstract syntax) as arguments,
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GF produces a ``.pgf`` file. The flag ``-optimize-pgf`` minimizes
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the size of the ``.pgf`` file, and is recommended for grammars to be shipped.
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```
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$ gf -make -optimize-pgf LangIta.gf LangEng.gf LangGer.gf
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```
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The flag ``-output-format`` changes the output format from ``.pgf`` to
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some other format. For instance
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```
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$ gf -make -output-format=js LangEng.pgf LangGer.pgf
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```
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Notice that the arguments can be ``.pgf`` files, which in this case
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are merged and written into a JavaScript grammar file.
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More options and instructions are obtained with
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```
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$ gf -help
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```
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To run GF from a //script//, redirection of standard input can be used:
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```
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$ gf <script.gfs
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```
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The file ``script.gfs`` should then contain a sequence of GF commands, one per line.
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Unrecognized command lines are skipped without terminating GF.
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