Merge remote-tracking branch 'upstream/master'

src/abstract/Construction.gf

@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ fun
 
 cat 
   Timeunit ;
+  Hour ;
   Weekday ;
   Month ;
   Monthday ;
@@ -79,6 +80,34 @@ cat
 fun
   timeunitAdv     : Card -> Timeunit -> Adv ; -- (for) three hours
 
+  oneHour : Hour ;
+  twoHour : Hour ;
+  threeHour : Hour ;
+  fourHour : Hour ;
+  fiveHour : Hour ;
+  sixHour : Hour ;
+  sevenHour : Hour ;
+  eightHour : Hour ;
+  nineHour : Hour ;
+  tenHour : Hour ;
+  elevenHour : Hour ;
+  twelveHour : Hour ;
+  thirteenHour : Hour ;
+  fourteenHour : Hour ;
+  fifteenHour : Hour ;
+  sixteenHour : Hour ;
+  seventeenHour : Hour ;
+  eighteenHour : Hour ;
+  nineteenHour : Hour ;
+  twentyHour : Hour ;
+  twentyOneHour : Hour ;
+  twentyTwoHour : Hour ;
+  twentyThreeHour : Hour ;
+  twentyFourHour : Hour ;
+
+  timeHour : Hour -> Adv ; -- at three (o'clock / am / pm)
+  timeHourMinute : Hour -> Card -> Adv ; -- at forty past six
+
   weekdayPunctualAdv : Weekday -> Adv ;  -- on Monday
   weekdayHabitualAdv : Weekday -> Adv ;  -- on Mondays
   weekdayLastAdv : Weekday -> Adv ;      -- last Monday

src/api/CombinatorsSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude:src/somali
+
+resource CombinatorsSom = Combinators with
+  (Cat = CatSom),
+  (Structural = StructuralSom),
+  (Noun = NounSom),
+  (Constructors = ConstructorsSom) ** open MissingSom in {}  ;

src/api/ConstructorsSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude:../somali
+
+resource ConstructorsSom = Constructors with (Grammar = GrammarSom) ** open MissingSom in {} ;

src/api/SymbolicSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+--# -path=.:../somali:../common:../abstract:../prelude
+
+resource SymbolicSom = Symbolic with
+  (Symbol = SymbolSom),
+  (Grammar = GrammarSom) ** open MissingSom in {} ;

src/api/SyntaxSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude
+
+instance SyntaxSom of Syntax = 
+  ConstructorsSom, CatSom, StructuralSom, CombinatorsSom ;
+

src/api/TrySom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+--# -path=.:../somali:../common:../abstract:../prelude
+
+resource TrySom = SyntaxSom, LexiconSom, ParadigmsSom - [mkAdv,mkAdN,mkDet,mkQuant,mkPConj] ;

src/english/ConstructionEng.gf

@@ -1,7 +1,7 @@
 --# -path=.:../abstract
 
 concrete ConstructionEng of Construction = CatEng **
-  open SyntaxEng, SymbolicEng, ParadigmsEng, (L = LexiconEng), (E = ExtendEng), (G = GrammarEng), (R = ResEng), (S = StructuralEng), Prelude in {
+  open SyntaxEng, SymbolicEng, ParadigmsEng, (L = LexiconEng), (E = ExtendEng), (G = GrammarEng), (R = ResEng), (Sy = SyntaxEng), (S = StructuralEng), Prelude in {
 
 
 lin
@@ -62,16 +62,60 @@ oper from_where_IAdv : IAdv = lin IAdv (ss "from where") ;
 
 lincat
   Timeunit = N ;
+  Hour = {s : Str ; am : Bool} ;
   Weekday = N ;
   Monthday = NP ;
   Month = N ;
   Year = NP ;
-lin
-  timeunitAdv n time =
-  let n_card : Card   = n ;
-      n_hours_NP : NP = mkNP n_card time ;
-  in  SyntaxEng.mkAdv for_Prep n_hours_NP | mkAdv (n_hours_NP.s ! R.npNom) ;
 
+  lin
+    timeunitAdv n time =
+      let n_card : Card   = n ;
+          n_hours_NP : NP = mkNP n_card time ;
+      in  Sy.mkAdv for_Prep n_hours_NP | mkAdv (n_hours_NP.s ! R.npNom) ;
+
+    oneHour         = mkHour "1"  True ;
+    twoHour         = mkHour "2"  True ;
+    threeHour       = mkHour "3"  True ;
+    fourHour        = mkHour "4"  True ;
+    fiveHour        = mkHour "5"  True ;
+    sixHour         = mkHour "6"  True ;
+    sevenHour       = mkHour "7"  True ;
+    eightHour       = mkHour "8"  True ;
+    nineHour        = mkHour "9"  True ;
+    tenHour         = mkHour "10" True ;
+    elevenHour      = mkHour "11" True ;
+    twelveHour      = mkHour "12" False ;
+    thirteenHour    = mkHour "1"  False ;
+    fourteenHour    = mkHour "2"  False ;
+    fifteenHour     = mkHour "3"  False ;
+    sixteenHour     = mkHour "4"  False ;
+    seventeenHour   = mkHour "5"  False ;
+    eighteenHour    = mkHour "6"  False ;
+    nineteenHour    = mkHour "7"  False ;
+    twentyHour      = mkHour "8"  False ;
+    twentyOneHour   = mkHour "9"  False ;
+    twentyTwoHour   = mkHour "10" False ;
+    twentyThreeHour = mkHour "11" False ;
+    twentyFourHour  = mkHour "12" True ;
+
+    timeHour h = Sy.mkAdv at_Prep (symb (h.s ++ ampm ! h.am)) ;
+    timeHourMinute h m = let
+      min = m.s ! True ! R.Nom
+      in
+      Sy.mkAdv at_Prep (symb (h.s ++ min ++ ampm ! h.am)) ;
+
+  oper
+    mkHour : Str -> Bool -> {s : Str ; am : Bool} ;
+    mkHour n am = Sy.mkUtt (Sy.mkCard n) ** {am = am} ;
+
+    at_Prep : Prep ;
+    at_Prep = mkPrep "at" ;
+
+    ampm : Bool => Str ;
+    ampm = table {True => "a.m." ; False => "p.m."} ;
+
+  lin
   weekdayPunctualAdv w = SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP w) ;         -- on Sunday
   weekdayHabitualAdv w = SyntaxEng.mkAdv on_Prep (mkNP aPl_Det w) ; -- on Sundays
   weekdayNextAdv w = SyntaxEng.mkAdv (mkPrep "next") (mkNP w) ;     -- next Sunday

src/portuguese/ConstructionPor.gf

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 concrete ConstructionPor of Construction = CatPor **
   open SyntaxPor, SymbolicPor, ParadigmsPor, BeschPor,
   (L = LexiconPor), (E = ExtraPor), (B = IrregBeschPor), (R = ResPor),
-  (S = SyntaxPor), (C = CommonRomance),
+  (S = SyntaxPor), (C = CommonRomance), CommonRomance,
        Prelude in {
   flags coding=utf8 ;
 
@@ -52,12 +52,17 @@ lin
 
   lincat
     Timeunit = N ;
+    Hour = {s : Str ; pe : Period ; n : Number} ;
     Weekday = N ;
     Monthday = NP ;
     Month = N ;
     Year = NP ;
-oper
+
-  noPrep : Prep = mkPrep [] ;
+  param
+    Period = Manha | Tarde | Noite | None ;
+
+  oper
+    noPrep : Prep = mkPrep [] ;
 
   lin
     timeunitAdv n time =
@@ -65,6 +70,54 @@ oper
           n_hours_NP : NP = mkNP n_card time ;
       in  S.mkAdv for_Prep n_hours_NP | S.mkAdv to_Prep n_hours_NP ;--| S.mkAdv (n_hours_NP.s ! R.Nom) ;
 
+    oneHour         = mkHour "1" Manha Sg ;
+    twoHour         = mkHour "2" Manha Pl ;
+    threeHour       = mkHour "3" Manha Pl ;
+    fourHour        = mkHour "4" Manha Pl ;
+    fiveHour        = mkHour "5" Manha Pl ;
+    sixHour         = mkHour "6" Manha Pl ;
+    sevenHour       = mkHour "7" Manha Pl ;
+    eightHour       = mkHour "8" Manha Pl ;
+    nineHour        = mkHour "9" Manha Pl ;
+    tenHour         = mkHour "10" Manha Pl ;
+    elevenHour      = mkHour "11" Manha Pl ;
+    twelveHour      = {s = "meio-dia" ; pe = None ; n = Sg} ;
+    thirteenHour    = mkHour "13" Tarde Pl ;
+    fourteenHour    = mkHour "14" Tarde Pl ;
+    fifteenHour     = mkHour "15" Tarde Pl ;
+    sixteenHour     = mkHour "16" Tarde Pl ;
+    seventeenHour   = mkHour "17" Tarde Pl ;
+    eighteenHour    = mkHour "18" Tarde Pl ;
+    nineteenHour    = mkHour "19" Noite Pl ;
+    twentyHour      = mkHour "20" Noite Pl ;
+    twentyOneHour   = mkHour "21" Noite Pl ;
+    twentyTwoHour   = mkHour "22" Noite Pl ;
+    twentyThreeHour = mkHour "23" Noite Pl ;
+    twentyFourHour  = {s = "meia-noite" ; pe = None ; n = Sg} ;
+
+    timeHour h = mkAdv (a ! h.n ++ h.s ++ period ! h.pe) ;
+
+    timeHourMinute h m = let
+      min = m.s ! Masc
+      in
+      mkAdv (a ! h.n ++ h.s ++ "e" ++ min ++ period ! h.pe) ;
+
+  oper
+    mkHour : Str -> Period -> Number -> {s : Str ; pe : Period ; n : Number} ;
+    mkHour num pe n = S.mkUtt (S.mkCard num) ** {pe = pe ; n = n} ;
+    
+    period : Period => Str ;
+    period = table {
+      Manha => "da manhã" ;
+      Tarde => "da tarde" ;
+      Noite => "da noite" ;
+      None  => ""
+      } ;
+
+    a : Number => Str ;
+    a = numForms "à" "às" ;
+
+  lin
   weekdayPunctualAdv w = lin Adv {s = w.s ! C.Sg} ;         -- lundi
   weekdayHabitualAdv w = SyntaxPor.mkAdv noPrep (mkNP the_Det w) ; -- il lunedí ----
   weekdayLastAdv w = SyntaxPor.mkAdv noPrep (mkNP the_Det (mkCN (mkA "passado") w)) ; -- il lunedí scorso

src/somali/AdjectiveSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+concrete AdjectiveSom of Adjective = CatSom ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lin
+-- The principal ways of forming an adjectival phrase are
+-- positive, comparative, relational, reflexive-relational, and
+-- elliptic-relational.
+
+  -- : A  -> AP ;
+  PositA a = a ;
+
+  -- : A  -> NP -> AP ;
+  -- ComparA a np = a ** {
+  --   s    = \\agr => np.s ! Abs ++ "ka" ++ a.s ! AF Compar ;
+  --   } ;
+
+  -- : A2 -> NP -> AP ;  -- married to her
+  -- ComplA2 a2 np = a2 ** { } ;
+
+  -- : A2 -> AP ;        -- married to itself
+  -- ReflA2 a2 = a2 ** { } ;
+
+  -- : A2 -> AP ;        -- married
+  UseA2 = PositA ;
+
+  -- : A  -> AP ;     -- warmer
+  --UseComparA a = a ** {} ;
+
+
+  -- : CAdv -> AP -> NP -> AP ; -- as cool as John
+  -- CAdvAP adv ap np = ap ** { } ;
+
+-- The superlative use is covered in $Ord$.
+
+  -- : Ord -> AP ;       -- warmest
+  -- AdjOrd ord = ord ** {} ;
+
+-- Sentence and question complements defined for all adjectival
+-- phrases, although the semantics is only clear for some adjectives.
+
+  -- : AP -> SC -> AP ;  -- good that she is here
+  -- SentAP  ap sc = ap ** { } ;
+
+-- An adjectival phrase can be modified by an *adadjective*, such as "very".
+
+  -- : AdA -> AP -> AP ;
+  -- AdAP ada ap = ap ** { } ;
+
+
+-- It can also be postmodified by an adverb, typically a prepositional phrase.
+
+  -- : AP -> Adv -> AP ; -- warm by nature
+  -- AdvAP  ap adv = ap ** {} ;
+
+}

src/somali/AdverbSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+concrete AdverbSom of Adverb = CatSom ** open ResSom, ParamSom, Prelude in {
+
+lin
+
+  -- : A -> Adv ;
+  --PositAdvAdj adj = { } ;
+
+  -- : CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv ; -- more warmly than John
+  -- ComparAdvAdj cadv a np = { } ;
+
+--    ComparAdvAdjS : CAdv -> A -> S  -> Adv ; -- more warmly than he runs
+
+  -- : Prep -> NP -> Adv ;
+  PrepNP prep np = {s = prep.s ! np.a ; s2 = np.s ! Abs} ; ---- ?
+
+-- Adverbs can be modified by 'adadjectives', just like adjectives.
+
+    --AdAdv  : AdA -> Adv -> Adv ;             -- very quickly
+  AdAdv ada adv = adv ** { s = ada.s ++ adv.s } ;
+-- Like adverbs, adadjectives can be produced by adjectives.
+
+  -- : A -> AdA ;                 -- extremely
+--  PositAdAAdj a = { } ;
+-- Subordinate clauses can function as adverbs.
+
+    -- : Subj -> S -> Adv ;
+--  SubjS subj s = {} ;
+
+-- Comparison adverbs also work as numeral adverbs.
+
+    --AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN ;                  -- less (than five)
+    --AdnCAdv cadv = {s = } ;
+} ;
+
+{-
+gt PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt ?) (UseN ?) | l -bind
+gt PrepNP from_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt ?) (UseN ?)) | l -bind
+-}

src/somali/AllSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../prelude
+
+concrete AllSom of AllSomAbs =
+  LangSom,
+  ExtendSom
+  ** {} ;

src/somali/AllSomAbs.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
+
+abstract AllSomAbs =
+  Lang,
+  Extend
+  ** {} ;

src/somali/CatSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+concrete CatSom of Cat = CommonX - [Adv] ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lincat
+
+--2 Sentences and clauses
+-- Constructed in SentenceSom, and also in IdiomSom
+
+    S  = ResSom.Sentence ;
+    QS = ResSom.Sentence ;
+    RS = { s : Agreement => Str } ;
+    -- relative sentence. Tense and polarity fixed,
+    -- but agreement may depend on the CN/NP it modifies.
+
+    Cl = ResSom.Clause ;
+    ClSlash = ResSom.ClSlash ;
+    SSlash  = ResSom.Sentence ; -- sentence missing NP; e.g. "she has looked at"
+    Imp     = { s : Str } ;   -- imperative             e.g. "look at this"
+
+--2 Questions and interrogatives
+
+-- Constructed in QuestionSom.
+
+    QCl = ResSom.Clause ;
+    IP = ResSom.NounPhrase ;
+    IComp = { s : Str } ; -- interrogative complement of copula  e.g. "where"
+    IDet = ResSom.Determiner ;  -- interrogative determiner            e.g. "how many"
+    IQuant = ResSom.Quant ; -- interrogative quantifier            e.g. "which"
+
+
+
+
+--2 Relative clauses and pronouns
+
+-- Constructed in RelativeSom.
+
+    RCl = ResSom.RClause ;
+    RP = { s : Str } ;
+
+
+
+--2 Verb phrases
+
+-- Constructed in VerbSom.
+
+    VP = ResSom.VerbPhrase ;
+    VPSlash = ResSom.VPSlash ;
+    Comp = ResSom.Complement ;
+
+
+--2 Adjectival phrases
+
+-- Constructed in AdjectiveSom.
+
+    AP = ResSom.AdjPhrase ;
+
+
+--2 Nouns and noun phrases
+
+-- Constructed in NounSom.
+-- Many atomic noun phrases e.g. "everybody"
+-- are constructed in StructuralSom.
+-- The determiner structure is
+-- ``` Predet (QuantSg | QuantPl Num) Ord
+-- as defined in NounSom.
+
+    CN = ResSom.CNoun ;
+    NP = ResSom.NounPhrase ;
+    Pron = ResSom.Pronoun ; --Pronouns need enough info to turn it into NP or Quant.
+    Det = ResSom.Determiner ;
+    Predet = {s : Str} ;
+    Quant = ResSom.Quant ;
+    Num = { s : Str ; n : Number ; isNum : Bool } ;
+    Card, Ord = { s : Str ; n : Number } ;
+    DAP = ResSom.Determiner ;
+
+
+--2 Numerals
+
+-- Constructed in NumeralSom.
+
+    Numeral = { s : Str ; n : Number } ;
+    Digits = { s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number } ;
+
+
+
+--2 Structural words
+
+-- Constructed in StructuralSom.
+    Conj = { s1,s2 : Str ; n : Number } ;
+    Subj = { s : Str ; isPre : Bool } ; --ba+dut vs. dut+en
+    Prep = ResSom.Prep ;
+
+
+
+--2 Words of open classes
+
+-- These are constructed in LexiconSom and in
+-- additional lexicon modules.
+
+    V,
+    V2,
+    V3,
+    VV,    -- verb-phrase-complement verb         e.g. "want"
+    VS,    -- sentence-complement verb            e.g. "claim"
+    VQ,    -- question-complement verb            e.g. "wonder"
+    VA,    -- adjective-complement verb           e.g. "look"
+    V2V,   -- verb with NP and V complement       e.g. "cause"
+    V2S,   -- verb with NP and S complement       e.g. "tell"
+    V2Q,   -- verb with NP and Q complement       e.g. "ask"
+    V2A = ResSom.Verb ;   -- verb with NP and AP complement      e.g. "paint"
+
+    A = ResSom.Adjective ;
+    A2  = ResSom.Adjective2 ;
+
+    N = ResSom.Noun ;
+    N2 = ResSom.Noun2 ;
+    N3 = ResSom.Noun3 ;
+    PN = ResSom.PNoun ;
+
+    Adv = ResSom.Adverb ;
+
+linref
+    -- Cl = linCl ;
+    VP = linVP ;
+    CN = linCN ;
+}

src/somali/ConjunctionSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+concrete ConjunctionSom of Conjunction =
+  CatSom ** open ResSom, Coordination, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+    {- Conjunction for category X needs four things:
+       lincat [X]
+       lin BaseX
+       lin ConsX
+       lin ConjX
+
+    For example, if X is defined as
+
+      lincat X   = {s     : Number => Str ;   g : Gender} ;
+
+    then [X] will split its s field into two, and retain its other fields as is:
+
+      lincat [X] = {s1,s2 : Number => Str ;   g : Gender} ;
+
+    Let us look at a simple case: Adv is of type {s : Str}
+    Then [Adv] is {s1,s2 : Str}.
+    BaseAdv, ConsAdv and ConjAdv can all use functions defined in prelude/Coordination:
+
+      BaseAdv = twoSS ;
+      ConsAdv = consrSS comma ;
+      ConjAdv = conjunctSS ;
+
+    --}
+
+
+-- Adverb and other simple {s : Str} types.
+lincat
+  [Adv],[AdV],[IAdv] = {s1,s2 : Str} ;
+
+lin
+  BaseAdv, BaseAdV, BaseIAdv = twoSS ;
+  ConsAdv, ConsAdV, ConsIAdv = consrSS comma ;
+  ConjAdv, ConjAdV, ConjIAdv = conjunctDistrSS ;
+
+{-
+--RS depends on agreement, otherwise exactly like previous.
+lincat
+  [RS] = {s1,s2 : Agr => Str } ;
+
+lin
+  BaseRS x y = twoTable Agr x y ;
+  ConsRS xs x = consrTable Agr comma xs x ;
+  ConjRS co xs = conjunctDistrTable Agr co xs ;
+
+
+lincat
+  [S] = {} ;
+
+lin
+  BaseS x y = y ** { } ;
+  ConsS x xs =
+    xs ** { } ;
+  ConjS co xs = {} ;
+
+lincat
+  [AP] = {} ;
+
+lin
+  BaseAP x y = twoTable Agr x y ** y ; --choose all the other fields from second argument
+  ConsAP as a = consrTable Agr comma as a ** as ;
+  ConjAP co as = conjunctDistrTable Agr co as ** as ;
+
+lincat
+  [CN] = { } ;
+
+lin
+  BaseCN = {} ;
+  ConsCN = {} ;
+  ConjCN co cs = conjunctDistrTable Agr co cs ** cs ;
+
+lincat
+  [DAP] = Determiner ** { pref2 : Str } ;
+
+lin
+  BaseDAP x y = x ** { pref2 = y.pref } ;
+  ConsDAP xs x = xs ** { pref2 = x.pref } ;
+  ConjDet conj xs = xs ** { pref = conj.s1 ++ xs.pref ++ conj.s2 ++ xs.pref2 } ;
+
+
+-- Noun phrases
+lincat
+  [NP] = { s1,s2 : Case => Str } ** NPLight ;
+
+lin
+  BaseNP x y = twoTable Case x y ** consNP x y ;
+  ConsNP xs x = consrTable Case comma xs x ** consNP xs x ;
+  ConjNP conj xs = conjunctNPTable conj xs ** conjNP xs conj ;
+
+oper
+
+  --NP without the s field; just to avoid copypaste and make things easier to change
+  NPLight : Type = { } ;
+
+  consNP : NPLight -> NPLight -> NPLight = \x,y ->
+    x ** { agr = conjAgr x.agr (getNum y.agr) } ;
+
+  conjNP : NPLight -> Conj -> NPLight = \xs,conj ->
+    xs ** { agr = conjAgr xs.agr conj.nbr } ;
+
+ -- Like conjunctTable from prelude/Coordination.gf,
+ -- but forces the first argument into absolutive.
+  conjunctNPTable : Conj -> ListTable Case -> {s : Case => Str} = \co,xs ->
+   { s = table { cas => co.s1 ++ xs.s1 ! Abs ++ co.s2 ++ xs.s2 ! cas } } ;
+
+  conjAgr : Agr -> Number -> Agr = \a,n ->
+    case n of { Pl => plAgr a ; _  => a } ;
+
+  conjNbr : Number -> Number -> Number = \n,m ->
+    case n of { Pl => Pl ; _ => m } ;
+-}
+}

src/somali/ConstructionSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+concrete ConstructionSom of Construction = CatSom ** open ParadigmsSom in {
+
+lincat
+  Timeunit = N ;
+  Weekday = N ;
+  Monthday = NP ;
+  Month = N ;
+  Year = NP ;
+{-
+lin
+
+  timeunitAdv n time =
+  let n_card : Card   = n ;
+      n_hours_NP : NP = mkNP n_card time ;
+  in  SyntaxSom.mkAdv for_Prep n_hours_NP | mkAdv (n_hours_NP.s ! R.npNom) ;
+
+  weekdayPunctualAdv w = ;         -- on Sunday
+  weekdayHabitualAdv w = ;         -- on Sundays
+  weekdayNextAdv w =      -- next Sunday
+  weekdayLastAdv w =      -- last Sunday
+
+  monthAdv m = mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP m) ;
+  yearAdv y = mkAdv in_Prep y ;
+  dayMonthAdv d m  =  ; -- on 17 May
+  monthYearAdv m y =  ; -- in May 2012
+  dayMonthYearAdv d m y =  ; -- on 17 May 2013
+
+  intYear = symb ;
+  intMonthday = symb ;
+
+lincat Language = N ;
+
+lin InLanguage l = mkAdv ???_Prep (mkNP l) ;
+
+lin
+  weekdayN w = w ;
+  monthN m = m ;
+
+  weekdayPN w = mkPN w ;
+  monthPN m = mkPN m ;
+
+  languageCN l = mkCN l ;
+  languageNP l = mkNP l ;
+
+
+oper mkLanguage : Str -> N = \s -> mkN s ;
+
+----------------------------------------------
+---- lexicon of special names
+
+lin second_Timeunit = mkN "second" ;
+lin minute_Timeunit = mkN "minute" ;
+lin hour_Timeunit = mkN "hour" ;
+lin day_Timeunit = mkN "day" ;
+lin week_Timeunit = mkN "week" ;
+lin month_Timeunit = mkN "month" ;
+lin year_Timeunit = mkN "year" ;
+
+lin monday_Weekday = mkN "Monday" ;
+lin tuesday_Weekday = mkN "Tuesday" ;
+lin wednesday_Weekday = mkN "Wednesday" ;
+lin thursday_Weekday = mkN "Thursday" ;
+lin friday_Weekday = mkN "Friday" ;
+lin saturday_Weekday = mkN "Saturday" ;
+lin sunday_Weekday = mkN "Sunday" ;
+
+lin january_Month = mkN "January" ;
+lin february_Month = mkN "February" ;
+lin march_Month = mkN "March" ;
+lin april_Month = mkN "April" ;
+lin may_Month = mkN "May" ;
+lin june_Month = mkN "June" ;
+lin july_Month = mkN "July" ;
+lin august_Month = mkN "August" ;
+lin september_Month = mkN "September" ;
+lin october_Month = mkN "October" ;
+lin november_Month = mkN "November" ;
+lin december_Month = mkN "December" ;
+
+lin afrikaans_Language = mkLanguage "Afrikaans" ;
+lin amharic_Language = mkLanguage "Amharic" ;
+lin arabic_Language = mkLanguage "Arabic" ;
+lin bulgarian_Language = mkLanguage "Bulgarian" ;
+lin catalan_Language = mkLanguage "Catalan" ;
+lin chinese_Language = mkLanguage "Chinese" ;
+lin danish_Language = mkLanguage "Danish" ;
+lin dutch_Language = mkLanguage "Dutch" ;
+lin english_Language = mkLanguage "Euslish" ;
+lin estonian_Language = mkLanguage "Estonian" ;
+lin finnish_Language = mkLanguage "Finnish" ;
+lin french_Language = mkLanguage "French" ;
+lin german_Language = mkLanguage "German" ;
+lin greek_Language = mkLanguage "Greek" ;
+lin hebrew_Language = mkLanguage "Hebrew" ;
+lin hindi_Language = mkLanguage "Hindi" ;
+lin japanese_Language = mkLanguage "Japanese" ;
+lin italian_Language = mkLanguage "Italian" ;
+lin latin_Language = mkLanguage "Latin" ;
+lin latvian_Language = mkLanguage "Latvian" ;
+lin maltese_Language = mkLanguage "Maltese" ;
+lin nepali_Language = mkLanguage "Nepali" ;
+lin norwegian_Language = mkLanguage "Norwegian" ;
+lin persian_Language = mkLanguage "Persian" ;
+lin polish_Language = mkLanguage "Polish" ;
+lin punjabi_Language = mkLanguage "Punjabi" ;
+lin romanian_Language = mkLanguage "Romanian" ;
+lin russian_Language = mkLanguage "Russian" ;
+lin sindhi_Language = mkLanguage "Sindhi" ;
+lin spanish_Language = mkLanguage "Spanish" ;
+lin swahili_Language = mkLanguage "Swahili" ;
+lin swedish_Language = mkLanguage "Swedish" ;
+lin thai_Language = mkLanguage "Thai" ;
+lin turkish_Language = mkLanguage "Turkish" ;
+lin urdu_Language = mkLanguage "Urdu" ;
+
+—}
+}
+-}
+}

src/somali/ExtendSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+--# -path=.:../common:../abstract
+
+concrete ExtendSom of Extend = {} ;
+ --  CatSom ** ExtendFunctor
+ --  with (Grammar=GrammarSom)
+ --  ** open Prelude, ResSom in {
+ -- } ;

src/somali/GrammarSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+concrete GrammarSom of Grammar =
+  NounSom,
+  VerbSom,
+  AdjectiveSom,
+  AdverbSom,
+  NumeralSom,
+  SentenceSom,
+  QuestionSom,
+  RelativeSom,
+  ConjunctionSom,
+  PhraseSom,
+  TextX - [Adv],
+  StructuralSom,
+  IdiomSom,
+  TenseX - [Adv]
+  ** {
+
+flags startcat = Phr ; unlexer = text ; lexer = text ;
+
+} ;

src/somali/IdiomSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+
+--1 Idiom: Idiomatic Expressions
+
+concrete IdiomSom of Idiom = CatSom ** open Prelude, ResSom, VerbSom in {
+
+-- This module defines constructions that are formed in fixed ways,
+-- often different even in closely related languages.
+
+  --lin
+
+  -- : VP -> Cl ;        -- it is hot
+  --ImpersCl =  ;
+
+  -- : VP -> Cl ;        -- one sleeps
+  --GenericCl = ;
+{-
+    CleftNP   : NP  -> RS -> Cl ; -- it is I who did it
+    CleftAdv  : Adv -> S  -> Cl ; -- it is here she slept
+    -}
+  -- : NP -> Cl ;        -- there is a house
+  -- ExistNP np =
+  --   let vp = UseComp (CompNP np)
+  --   in  ;
+
+{-    ExistIP   : IP -> QCl ;       -- which houses are there
+
+-- 7/12/2012 generalizations of these
+
+    ExistNPAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl ;    -- there is a house in Paris
+    ExistIPAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl ;   -- which houses are there in Paris
+-}
+  -- : VP -> VP ;
+  --ProgrVP vp = vp ** { } ;
+
+  -- : VP -> Utt ;       -- let's go
+  --ImpPl1 vp = { } ;
+{-
+
+    ImpP3     : NP -> VP -> Utt ; -- let John walk
+
+-- 3/12/2013 non-reflexive uses of "self"
+
+    SelfAdvVP : VP -> VP ;        -- is at home himself
+    SelfAdVVP : VP -> VP ;        -- is himself at home
+    SelfNP    : NP -> NP ;        -- the president himself (is at home)
+-}
+
+}

src/somali/LangSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,4 @@
+concrete LangSom of Lang =
+  GrammarSom,
+  LexiconSom,
+  ConstructionSom ;

src/somali/LexiconSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,418 @@
+concrete LexiconSom of Lexicon = CatSom **
+  open ParadigmsSom in {
+
+----
+-- A
+
+-- lin add_V3 =
+-- lin airplane_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin alas_Interj = mkInterj "" ;
+-- lin already_Adv = mkA "" ;
+lin animal_N = mkN "xayawaan" ;
+-- lin answer_V2S = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin apartment_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin apple_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin art_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin ashes_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin ask_V2Q = mkV2 "" ;
+
+----
+-- B
+
+-- lin baby_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin back_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin bad_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin bank_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin bark_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin beautiful_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin become_VA = mkVA "" ;
+-- lin beer_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin beg_V2V = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin belly_N = mkN "" ;
+lin big_A = mkA "weyn" ;
+-- lin bike_N = mkN "" ;
+lin bird_N = mkN "shimbir" fem ;
+-- lin bite_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin black_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin blood_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin blow_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin blue_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin boat_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin bone_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin boot_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin boss_N = mkN "" ;
+lin book_N = mkN "buug" ; -- TODO: irregular plural
+lin boy_N = mkN "wiil" ;
+lin bread_N = mkN "rooti" ; --masc/fem
+-- lin break_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin breast_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin breathe_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin broad_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin brother_N2 = mkN "" ;
+-- lin brown_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin burn_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin butter_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin buy_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+
+----
+-- C
+
+-- lin camera_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cap_N = mkN "" ;
+lin car_N = mkN "baabuur" masc ;
+-- lin carpet_N = mkN "" ;
+lin cat_N = mkN "bisad" ;
+-- lin ceiling_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin chair_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cheese_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin child_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin church_N = mkN "" ;
+lin city_N = mkN "magaalo" ;
+-- lin clean_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin clever_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin close_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin cloud_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin coat_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cold_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin come_V = etorri_V ;
+-- lin computer_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin correct_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin count_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin country_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cousin_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cow_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin cut_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+--
+-- ----
+-- -- D
+--
+-- lin day_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin die_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin dig_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin dirty_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin distance_N3 = mkN "" ;
+-- lin do_V2 = lin V2 egin_V ;
+-- lin doctor_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin dog_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin door_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin drink_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin dry_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin dull_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin dust_N = mkN "" ;
+--
+-- ----
+-- -- E
+--
+-- lin ear_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin earth_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin eat_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin egg_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin empty_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin enemy_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin eye_N = mkN "" ;
+--
+-- ----
+-- -- F
+--
+-- lin factory_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fall_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin far_Adv = mkA "" ;
+-- lin fat_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin father_N2 = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fear_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin fear_VS = mkVS "" ;
+-- lin feather_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fight_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin find_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin fingernail_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fire_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fish_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin float_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin floor_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin flow_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin flower_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fly_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin fog_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin foot_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin forest_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin forget_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin freeze_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin fridge_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin friend_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin fruit_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin full_A = mkA "" ;
+-- --lin fun_AV
+
+----
+-- G
+
+-- lin garden_N = mkN "" ;
+lin girl_N = mkN "gabadh" "gabdho" fem ;
+-- lin give_V3 = mkV3 "" ;
+-- lin glove_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin go_V = joan_V ;
+-- lin gold_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin good_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin grammar_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin grass_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin green_A = mkA "" ;
+
+----
+-- H
+
+-- lin hair_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hand_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin harbour_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hat_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hate_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin head_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hear_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin heart_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin heavy_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin hill_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hit_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin hold_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin hope_VS = mkV "" ;
+-- lin horn_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin horse_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin hot_A = mkA "" ;
+lin house_N = mkN "aqal" ;
+-- lin hunt_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin husband_N = mkN "" ;
+
+--------
+-- I - K
+
+-- lin ice_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin industry_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin iron_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin john_PN = mkPN "Jon" ;
+-- lin jump_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin kill_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin king_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin knee_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin know_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin know_VQ = mkVQ "" ;
+-- lin know_VS = mkVS "" ;
+
+
+----
+-- L
+
+-- lin lake_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin lamp_N = mkN "" ;
+lin language_N = mkN "af" ;
+-- lin laugh_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin leaf_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin learn_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin leather_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin leave_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin leg_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin lie_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin like_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin listen_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin live_V  = mkV "" ;
+-- lin liver_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin long_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin lose_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin louse_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin love_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin love_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+
+----
+-- M
+
+lin man_N = mkN "nin" ;
+-- lin married_A2 = mkA "" ;
+-- lin meat_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin milk_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin moon_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin mother_N2 = mkN "" ;
+-- lin mountain_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin mouth_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin music_N = mkN "" ;
+
+----
+-- N
+
+-- lin name_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin narrow_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin near_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin neck_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin new_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin newspaper_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin night_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin nose_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin now_Adv = mkA "" ;
+-- lin number_N = mkN "" ;
+--
+-- --------
+-- -- O - P
+--
+--
+-- lin oil_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin old_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin open_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin paint_V2A = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin paper_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin paris_PN = mkPN "Paris" ;
+-- lin peace_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin pen_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin person_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin planet_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin plastic_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin play_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin policeman_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin priest_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin pull_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin push_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin put_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+--
+-- --------
+-- -- Q - R
+--
+-- lin queen_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin question_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin radio_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rain_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rain_V0 = mkV "" ;
+lin read_V2 = mkV2 "akhri" ;
+-- lin ready_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin reason_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin red_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin religion_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin restaurant_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin river_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin road_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rock_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin roof_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin root_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rope_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rotten_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin round_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin rub_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin rubber_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin rule_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin run_V = mkV "" ;
+--
+-- ----
+-- -- S
+--
+-- lin salt_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sand_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin say_VS = mkVS "" ;
+-- lin school_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin science_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin scratch_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin sea_N = mkN "" ;
+lin see_V2 = mkV2 "ark" ;
+-- lin seed_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin seek_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin sell_V3 = mkV3 "" ;
+-- lin send_V3 = mkV3 "" ;
+-- lin sew_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin sharp_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin sheep_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin ship_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin shirt_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin shoe_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin shop_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin short_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin silver_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sing_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin sister_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sit_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin skin_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sky_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sleep_V = mkV "" ;
+lin small_A = mkA "yar" ;
+-- lin smell_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin smoke_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin smooth_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin snake_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin snow_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin sock_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin song_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin speak_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin spit_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin split_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin squeeze_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin stab_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin stand_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin star_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin steel_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin stick_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin stone_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin stop_V =  mkV "" ;
+-- lin stove_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin straight_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin student_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin stupid_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin suck_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin sun_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin swell_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin swim_V = mkV "" ;
+
+----
+-- T
+
+
+-- lin table_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin tail_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin talk_V3 = mkV3 "" ;
+lin teach_V2 = mkV2 "baray" ku ; -- I suppose this creates progressive forms? TODO implement all forms of verbs properly.
+-- lin teacher_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin television_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin thick_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin thin_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin think_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin throw_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin tie_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin today_Adv = mkA "" ;
+-- lin tongue_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin tooth_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin train_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin travel_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin tree_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin turn_V = mkV "" ;
+
+--------
+-- U - V
+
+-- lin ugly_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin uncertain_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin understand_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin university_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin village_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin vomit_V = mkV2 "" ;
+
+--------
+-- W - Y
+
+-- lin wait_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin walk_V = mkV "" ;
+-- lin war_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin warm_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin wash_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin watch_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin water_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin wet_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin white_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin wide_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin wife_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin win_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin wind_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin window_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin wine_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin wing_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin wipe_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+lin woman_N = mkN "naag" fem ;
+-- lin wonder_VQ = mkVQ "" ;
+-- lin wood_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin worm_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin write_V2 = mkV2 "" ;
+-- lin year_N = mkN "" ;
+-- lin yellow_A = mkA "" ;
+-- lin young_A = mkA "" ;
+
+}

src/somali/MissingSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,633 @@
+resource MissingSom = open GrammarSom, SymbolSom, Prelude in {
+
+-- temporary definitions to enable the compilation of RGL API
+oper AdAP : AdA -> AP -> AP  = notYet "AdAP" ;
+oper AdAdv : AdA -> Adv -> Adv  = notYet "AdAdv" ;
+oper AdNum : AdN -> Card -> Card  = notYet "AdNum" ;
+oper AdVVP : AdV -> VP -> VP  = notYet "AdVVP" ;
+oper AdVVPSlash : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash  = notYet "AdVVPSlash" ;
+oper AddAdvQVP : QVP -> IAdv -> QVP  = notYet "AddAdvQVP" ;
+oper AdjDAP : DAP -> AP -> DAP  = notYet "AdjDAP" ;
+oper AdjOrd : Ord -> AP  = notYet "AdjOrd" ;
+oper AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN  = notYet "AdnCAdv" ;
+oper AdvAP : AP -> Adv -> AP  = notYet "AdvAP" ;
+oper AdvCN : CN -> Adv -> CN  = notYet "AdvCN" ;
+oper AdvIAdv : IAdv -> Adv -> IAdv  = notYet "AdvIAdv" ;
+oper AdvIP : IP -> Adv -> IP  = notYet "AdvIP" ;
+oper AdvNP : NP -> Adv -> NP  = notYet "AdvNP" ;
+oper AdvQVP : VP -> IAdv -> QVP  = notYet "AdvQVP" ;
+oper AdvS : Adv -> S -> S  = notYet "AdvS" ;
+oper AdvSlash : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash  = notYet "AdvSlash" ;
+oper AdvVP : VP -> Adv -> VP  = notYet "AdvVP" ;
+oper AdvVPSlash : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash  = notYet "AdvVPSlash" ;
+oper ApposCN : CN -> NP -> CN  = notYet "ApposCN" ;
+oper BaseAP : AP -> AP -> ListAP  = notYet "BaseAP" ;
+oper BaseAdV : AdV -> AdV -> ListAdV  = notYet "BaseAdV" ;
+oper BaseAdv : Adv -> Adv -> ListAdv  = notYet "BaseAdv" ;
+oper BaseCN : CN -> CN -> ListCN  = notYet "BaseCN" ;
+oper BaseIAdv : IAdv -> IAdv -> ListIAdv  = notYet "BaseIAdv" ;
+oper BaseNP : NP -> NP -> ListNP  = notYet "BaseNP" ;
+oper BaseRS : RS -> RS -> ListRS  = notYet "BaseRS" ;
+oper BaseS : S -> S -> ListS  = notYet "BaseS" ;
+oper CAdvAP : CAdv -> AP -> NP -> AP  = notYet "CAdvAP" ;
+oper CleftAdv : Adv -> S -> Cl  = notYet "CleftAdv" ;
+oper CleftNP : NP -> RS -> Cl  = notYet "CleftNP" ;
+oper CompAdv : Adv -> Comp  = notYet "CompAdv" ;
+oper CompCN : CN -> Comp  = notYet "CompCN" ;
+oper CompIAdv : IAdv -> IComp  = notYet "CompIAdv" ;
+oper CompIP : IP -> IComp  = notYet "CompIP" ;
+oper CompNP : NP -> Comp  = notYet "CompNP" ;
+oper ComparA : A -> NP -> AP  = notYet "ComparA" ;
+oper ComparAdvAdj : CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv  = notYet "ComparAdvAdj" ;
+oper ComparAdvAdjS : CAdv -> A -> S -> Adv  = notYet "ComparAdvAdjS" ;
+oper ComplA2 : A2 -> NP -> AP  = notYet "ComplA2" ;
+oper ComplN2 : N2 -> NP -> CN  = notYet "ComplN2" ;
+oper ComplN3 : N3 -> NP -> N2  = notYet "ComplN3" ;
+oper ComplSlash : VPSlash -> NP -> VP  = notYet "ComplSlash" ;
+oper ComplSlashIP : VPSlash -> IP -> QVP  = notYet "ComplSlashIP" ;
+oper ComplVA : VA -> AP -> VP  = notYet "ComplVA" ;
+oper ComplVQ : VQ -> QS -> VP  = notYet "ComplVQ" ;
+oper ComplVS : VS -> S -> VP  = notYet "ComplVS" ;
+oper ComplVV : VV -> VP -> VP  = notYet "ComplVV" ;
+oper ConjAP : Conj -> ListAP -> AP  = notYet "ConjAP" ;
+oper ConjAdV : Conj -> ListAdV -> AdV  = notYet "ConjAdV" ;
+oper ConjAdv : Conj -> ListAdv -> Adv  = notYet "ConjAdv" ;
+oper ConjCN : Conj -> ListCN -> CN  = notYet "ConjCN" ;
+oper ConjDet : Conj -> ListDAP -> Det  = notYet "ConjDet" ;
+oper ConjIAdv : Conj -> ListIAdv -> IAdv  = notYet "ConjIAdv" ;
+oper ConjNP : Conj -> ListNP -> NP  = notYet "ConjNP" ;
+oper ConjRS : Conj -> ListRS -> RS  = notYet "ConjRS" ;
+oper ConjS : Conj -> ListS -> S  = notYet "ConjS" ;
+oper ConsAP : AP -> ListAP -> ListAP  = notYet "ConsAP" ;
+oper ConsAdV : AdV -> ListAdV -> ListAdV  = notYet "ConsAdV" ;
+oper ConsAdv : Adv -> ListAdv -> ListAdv  = notYet "ConsAdv" ;
+oper ConsCN : CN -> ListCN -> ListCN  = notYet "ConsCN" ;
+oper ConsIAdv : IAdv -> ListIAdv -> ListIAdv  = notYet "ConsIAdv" ;
+oper ConsNP : NP -> ListNP -> ListNP  = notYet "ConsNP" ;
+oper ConsRS : RS -> ListRS -> ListRS  = notYet "ConsRS" ;
+oper ConsS : S -> ListS -> ListS  = notYet "ConsS" ;
+oper CountNP : Det -> NP -> NP  = notYet "CountNP" ;
+oper DefArt : Quant  = notYet "DefArt" ;
+oper DefArt : Quant  = notYet "DefArt" ;
+oper DetCN : Det -> CN -> NP  = notYet "DetCN" ;
+oper DetDAP : Det -> DAP  = notYet "DetDAP" ;
+oper DetNP : Det -> NP  = notYet "DetNP" ;
+oper DetQuant : Quant -> Num -> Det  = notYet "DetQuant" ;
+oper DetQuantOrd : Quant -> Num -> Ord -> Det  = notYet "DetQuantOrd" ;
+oper EmbedQS : QS -> SC  = notYet "EmbedQS" ;
+oper EmbedS : S -> SC  = notYet "EmbedS" ;
+oper EmbedVP : VP -> SC  = notYet "EmbedVP" ;
+oper ExistIP : IP -> QCl  = notYet "ExistIP" ;
+oper ExistIPAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl  = notYet "ExistIPAdv" ;
+oper ExistNP : NP -> Cl  = notYet "ExistNP" ;
+oper ExistNPAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl  = notYet "ExistNPAdv" ;
+oper ExtAdvS : Adv -> S -> S  = notYet "ExtAdvS" ;
+oper ExtAdvVP : VP -> Adv -> VP  = notYet "ExtAdvVP" ;
+oper FunRP : Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP  = notYet "FunRP" ;
+oper GenericCl : VP -> Cl  = notYet "GenericCl" ;
+oper IdRP : RP  = notYet "IdRP" ;
+oper IdetCN : IDet -> CN -> IP  = notYet "IdetCN" ;
+oper IdetIP : IDet -> IP  = notYet "IdetIP" ;
+oper IdetQuant : IQuant -> Num -> IDet  = notYet "IdetQuant" ;
+oper ImpP3 : NP -> VP -> Utt  = notYet "ImpP3" ;
+oper ImpPl1 : VP -> Utt  = notYet "ImpPl1" ;
+oper ImpVP : VP -> Imp  = notYet "ImpVP" ;
+oper ImpersCl : VP -> Cl  = notYet "ImpersCl" ;
+oper IndefArt : Quant  = notYet "IndefArt" ;
+oper IndefArt : Quant  = notYet "IndefArt" ;
+oper NumCard : Card -> Num  = notYet "NumCard" ;
+oper NumDigits : Digits -> Card  = notYet "NumDigits" ;
+oper NumNumeral : Numeral -> Card  = notYet "NumNumeral" ;
+oper NumPl : Num  = notYet "NumPl" ;
+oper NumSg : Num  = notYet "NumSg" ;
+oper OrdDigits : Digits -> Ord  = notYet "OrdDigits" ;
+oper OrdNumeral : Numeral -> Ord  = notYet "OrdNumeral" ;
+oper OrdNumeralSuperl : Numeral -> A -> Ord  = notYet "OrdNumeralSuperl" ;
+oper OrdSuperl : A -> Ord  = notYet "OrdSuperl" ;
+oper PPartNP : NP -> V2 -> NP  = notYet "PPartNP" ;
+oper PartNP : CN -> NP -> CN  = notYet "PartNP" ;
+oper PassV2 : V2 -> VP  = notYet "PassV2" ;
+oper PositAdAAdj : A -> AdA  = notYet "PositAdAAdj" ;
+oper PositAdvAdj : A -> Adv  = notYet "PositAdvAdj" ;
+oper PossNP : CN -> NP -> CN  = notYet "PossNP" ;
+oper PossPron : Pron -> Quant  = notYet "PossPron" ;
+oper PredSCVP : SC -> VP -> Cl  = notYet "PredSCVP" ;
+oper PredetNP : Predet -> NP -> NP  = notYet "PredetNP" ;
+oper PrepIP : Prep -> IP -> IAdv  = notYet "PrepIP" ;
+oper ProgrVP : VP -> VP  = notYet "ProgrVP" ;
+oper QuestCl : Cl -> QCl  = notYet "QuestCl" ;
+oper QuestIAdv : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl  = notYet "QuestIAdv" ;
+oper QuestIComp : IComp -> NP -> QCl  = notYet "QuestIComp" ;
+oper QuestQVP : IP -> QVP -> QCl  = notYet "QuestQVP" ;
+oper QuestSlash : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl  = notYet "QuestSlash" ;
+oper QuestVP : IP -> VP -> QCl  = notYet "QuestVP" ;
+oper ReflA2 : A2 -> AP  = notYet "ReflA2" ;
+oper ReflVP : VPSlash -> VP  = notYet "ReflVP" ;
+oper RelCN : CN -> RS -> CN  = notYet "RelCN" ;
+oper RelCl : Cl -> RCl  = notYet "RelCl" ;
+oper RelNP : NP -> RS -> NP  = notYet "RelNP" ;
+oper RelS : S -> RS -> S  = notYet "RelS" ;
+oper RelSlash : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl  = notYet "RelSlash" ;
+oper RelVP : RP -> VP -> RCl  = notYet "RelVP" ;
+oper SSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S  = notYet "SSubjS" ;
+oper SelfAdVVP : VP -> VP  = notYet "SelfAdVVP" ;
+oper SelfAdvVP : VP -> VP  = notYet "SelfAdvVP" ;
+oper SelfNP : NP -> NP  = notYet "SelfNP" ;
+oper SentAP : AP -> SC -> AP  = notYet "SentAP" ;
+oper SentCN : CN -> SC -> CN  = notYet "SentCN" ;
+oper Slash2V3 : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash  = notYet "Slash2V3" ;
+oper Slash3V3 : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash  = notYet "Slash3V3" ;
+oper SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash  = notYet "SlashPrep" ;
+oper SlashV2A : V2A -> AP -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2A" ;
+oper SlashV2Q : V2Q -> QS -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2Q" ;
+oper SlashV2S : V2S -> S -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2S" ;
+oper SlashV2V : V2V -> VP -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2V" ;
+oper SlashV2VNP : V2V -> NP -> VPSlash -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2VNP" ;
+oper SlashV2a : V2 -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashV2a" ;
+oper SlashVP : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash  = notYet "SlashVP" ;
+oper SlashVS : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash  = notYet "SlashVS" ;
+oper SlashVV : VV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash  = notYet "SlashVV" ;
+oper SubjS : Subj -> S -> Adv  = notYet "SubjS" ;
+oper Use2N3 : N3 -> N2  = notYet "Use2N3" ;
+oper Use3N3 : N3 -> N2  = notYet "Use3N3" ;
+oper UseA2 : A2 -> AP  = notYet "UseA2" ;
+oper UseComparA : A -> AP  = notYet "UseComparA" ;
+oper UseN2 : N2 -> CN  = notYet "UseN2" ;
+oper UsePN : PN -> NP  = notYet "UsePN" ;
+oper UseQCl : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS  = notYet "UseQCl" ;
+oper UseRCl : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS  = notYet "UseRCl" ;
+oper UseSlash : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash  = notYet "UseSlash" ;
+oper UseV : V -> VP  = notYet "UseV" ;
+oper UttCard : Card -> Utt  = notYet "UttCard" ;
+oper UttIAdv : IAdv -> Utt  = notYet "UttIAdv" ;
+oper UttIP : IP -> Utt  = notYet "UttIP" ;
+oper UttImpPl : Pol -> Imp -> Utt  = notYet "UttImpPl" ;
+oper UttImpPol : Pol -> Imp -> Utt  = notYet "UttImpPol" ;
+oper UttImpSg : Pol -> Imp -> Utt  = notYet "UttImpSg" ;
+oper UttInterj : Interj -> Utt  = notYet "UttInterj" ;
+oper UttQS : QS -> Utt  = notYet "UttQS" ;
+oper VPSlashPrep : VP -> Prep -> VPSlash  = notYet "VPSlashPrep" ;
+oper above_Prep : Prep  = notYet "above_Prep" ;
+oper active2passive : Cl -> Cl  = notYet "active2passive" ;
+oper add_V3 : V3  = notYet "add_V3" ;
+oper after_Prep : Prep  = notYet "after_Prep" ;
+oper airplane_N : N  = notYet "airplane_N" ;
+oper alas_Interj : Interj  = notYet "alas_Interj" ;
+oper all_Predet : Predet  = notYet "all_Predet" ;
+oper almost_AdA : AdA  = notYet "almost_AdA" ;
+oper almost_AdN : AdN  = notYet "almost_AdN" ;
+oper already_Adv : Adv  = notYet "already_Adv" ;
+oper although_Subj : Subj  = notYet "although_Subj" ;
+oper always_AdV : AdV  = notYet "always_AdV" ;
+oper answer_V2S : V2S  = notYet "answer_V2S" ;
+oper apartment_N : N  = notYet "apartment_N" ;
+oper apple_N : N  = notYet "apple_N" ;
+oper art_N : N  = notYet "art_N" ;
+oper as_CAdv : CAdv  = notYet "as_CAdv" ;
+oper ashes_N : N  = notYet "ashes_N" ;
+oper ask_V2Q : V2Q  = notYet "ask_V2Q" ;
+oper at_least_AdN : AdN  = notYet "at_least_AdN" ;
+oper at_most_AdN : AdN  = notYet "at_most_AdN" ;
+oper baby_N : N  = notYet "baby_N" ;
+oper back_N : N  = notYet "back_N" ;
+oper bad_A : A  = notYet "bad_A" ;
+oper bank_N : N  = notYet "bank_N" ;
+oper bark_N : N  = notYet "bark_N" ;
+oper beautiful_A : A  = notYet "beautiful_A" ;
+oper because_Subj : Subj  = notYet "because_Subj" ;
+oper become_VA : VA  = notYet "become_VA" ;
+oper beer_N : N  = notYet "beer_N" ;
+oper before_Prep : Prep  = notYet "before_Prep" ;
+oper beg_V2V : V2V  = notYet "beg_V2V" ;
+oper behind_Prep : Prep  = notYet "behind_Prep" ;
+oper belly_N : N  = notYet "belly_N" ;
+oper between_Prep : Prep  = notYet "between_Prep" ;
+oper bike_N : N  = notYet "bike_N" ;
+oper bite_V2 : V2  = notYet "bite_V2" ;
+oper black_A : A  = notYet "black_A" ;
+oper blood_N : N  = notYet "blood_N" ;
+oper blow_V : V  = notYet "blow_V" ;
+oper blue_A : A  = notYet "blue_A" ;
+oper boat_N : N  = notYet "boat_N" ;
+oper bone_N : N  = notYet "bone_N" ;
+oper boot_N : N  = notYet "boot_N" ;
+oper boss_N : N  = notYet "boss_N" ;
+oper both7and_DConj : Conj  = notYet "both7and_DConj" ;
+oper bottle_of_CN : NP -> CN  = notYet "bottle_of_CN" ;
+oper break_V2 : V2  = notYet "break_V2" ;
+oper breast_N : N  = notYet "breast_N" ;
+oper breathe_V : V  = notYet "breathe_V" ;
+oper broad_A : A  = notYet "broad_A" ;
+oper brother_N2 : N2  = notYet "brother_N2" ;
+oper brown_A : A  = notYet "brown_A" ;
+oper burn_V : V  = notYet "burn_V" ;
+oper but_PConj : PConj  = notYet "but_PConj" ;
+oper butter_N : N  = notYet "butter_N" ;
+oper buy_V2 : V2  = notYet "buy_V2" ;
+oper by8agent_Prep : Prep  = notYet "by8agent_Prep" ;
+oper by8means_Prep : Prep  = notYet "by8means_Prep" ;
+oper camera_N : N  = notYet "camera_N" ;
+oper can8know_VV : VV  = notYet "can8know_VV" ;
+oper can_VV : VV  = notYet "can_VV" ;
+oper cap_N : N  = notYet "cap_N" ;
+oper carpet_N : N  = notYet "carpet_N" ;
+oper ceiling_N : N  = notYet "ceiling_N" ;
+oper chair_N : N  = notYet "chair_N" ;
+oper cheese_N : N  = notYet "cheese_N" ;
+oper child_N : N  = notYet "child_N" ;
+oper church_N : N  = notYet "church_N" ;
+oper clean_A : A  = notYet "clean_A" ;
+oper clever_A : A  = notYet "clever_A" ;
+oper close_V2 : V2  = notYet "close_V2" ;
+oper cloud_N : N  = notYet "cloud_N" ;
+oper coat_N : N  = notYet "coat_N" ;
+oper cold_A : A  = notYet "cold_A" ;
+oper come_V : V  = notYet "come_V" ;
+oper computer_N : N  = notYet "computer_N" ;
+oper correct_A : A  = notYet "correct_A" ;
+oper count_V2 : V2  = notYet "count_V2" ;
+oper country_N : N  = notYet "country_N" ;
+oper cousin_N : N  = notYet "cousin_N" ;
+oper cow_N : N  = notYet "cow_N" ;
+oper cup_of_CN : NP -> CN  = notYet "cup_of_CN" ;
+oper cut_V2 : V2  = notYet "cut_V2" ;
+oper day_N : N  = notYet "day_N" ;
+oper dconcat : Digits -> Digits -> Digits  = notYet "dconcat" ;
+oper die_V : V  = notYet "die_V" ;
+oper dig_V : V  = notYet "dig_V" ;
+oper digits2num : Digits -> Numeral  = notYet "digits2num" ;
+oper digits2numeral : Card -> Card  = notYet "digits2numeral" ;
+oper dirty_A : A  = notYet "dirty_A" ;
+oper distance_N3 : N3  = notYet "distance_N3" ;
+oper dn : Dig -> Digit  = notYet "dn" ;
+oper dn10 : Dig -> Sub10  = notYet "dn10" ;
+oper dn100 : Dig -> Dig -> Sub100  = notYet "dn100" ;
+oper dn1000 : Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Sub1000  = notYet "dn1000" ;
+oper dn1000000a : Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Sub1000000  = notYet "dn1000000a" ;
+oper dn1000000b : Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Sub1000000  = notYet "dn1000000b" ;
+oper dn1000000c : Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Dig -> Sub1000000  = notYet "dn1000000c" ;
+oper do_V2 : V2  = notYet "do_V2" ;
+oper doctor_N : N  = notYet "doctor_N" ;
+oper dog_N : N  = notYet "dog_N" ;
+oper door_N : N  = notYet "door_N" ;
+oper drink_V2 : V2  = notYet "drink_V2" ;
+oper dry_A : A  = notYet "dry_A" ;
+oper dull_A : A  = notYet "dull_A" ;
+oper during_Prep : Prep  = notYet "during_Prep" ;
+oper dust_N : N  = notYet "dust_N" ;
+oper ear_N : N  = notYet "ear_N" ;
+oper earth_N : N  = notYet "earth_N" ;
+oper easy_A2V : A2  = notYet "easy_A2V" ;
+oper eat_V2 : V2  = notYet "eat_V2" ;
+oper egg_N : N  = notYet "egg_N" ;
+oper either7or_DConj : Conj  = notYet "either7or_DConj" ;
+oper empty_A : A  = notYet "empty_A" ;
+oper enemy_N : N  = notYet "enemy_N" ;
+oper every_Det : Det  = notYet "every_Det" ;
+oper everybody_NP : NP  = notYet "everybody_NP" ;
+oper everything_NP : NP  = notYet "everything_NP" ;
+oper everywhere_Adv : Adv  = notYet "everywhere_Adv" ;
+oper except_Prep : Prep  = notYet "except_Prep" ;
+oper eye_N : N  = notYet "eye_N" ;
+oper factory_N : N  = notYet "factory_N" ;
+oper fall_V : V  = notYet "fall_V" ;
+oper far_Adv : Adv  = notYet "far_Adv" ;
+oper fat_N : N  = notYet "fat_N" ;
+oper father_N2 : N2  = notYet "father_N2" ;
+oper fear_V2 : V2  = notYet "fear_V2" ;
+oper fear_VS : VS  = notYet "fear_VS" ;
+oper feather_N : N  = notYet "feather_N" ;
+oper few_Det : Det  = notYet "few_Det" ;
+oper few_X_short_of_Y : NP -> CN -> CN -> S  = notYet "few_X_short_of_Y" ;
+oper fight_V2 : V2  = notYet "fight_V2" ;
+oper find_V2 : V2  = notYet "find_V2" ;
+oper fingernail_N : N  = notYet "fingernail_N" ;
+oper fire_N : N  = notYet "fire_N" ;
+oper fish_N : N  = notYet "fish_N" ;
+oper float_V : V  = notYet "float_V" ;
+oper floor_N : N  = notYet "floor_N" ;
+oper flow_V : V  = notYet "flow_V" ;
+oper flower_N : N  = notYet "flower_N" ;
+oper fly_V : V  = notYet "fly_V" ;
+oper fog_N : N  = notYet "fog_N" ;
+oper foot_N : N  = notYet "foot_N" ;
+oper for_Prep : Prep  = notYet "for_Prep" ;
+oper forest_N : N  = notYet "forest_N" ;
+oper forget_V2 : V2  = notYet "forget_V2" ;
+oper freeze_V : V  = notYet "freeze_V" ;
+oper fridge_N : N  = notYet "fridge_N" ;
+oper friend_N : N  = notYet "friend_N" ;
+oper from_Prep : Prep  = notYet "from_Prep" ;
+oper fruit_N : N  = notYet "fruit_N" ;
+oper full_A : A  = notYet "full_A" ;
+oper fun_AV : A  = notYet "fun_AV" ;
+oper garden_N : N  = notYet "garden_N" ;
+oper give_V3 : V3  = notYet "give_V3" ;
+oper glass_of_CN : NP -> CN  = notYet "glass_of_CN" ;
+oper glove_N : N  = notYet "glove_N" ;
+oper go_V : V  = notYet "go_V" ;
+oper gold_N : N  = notYet "gold_N" ;
+oper good_A : A  = notYet "good_A" ;
+oper grammar_N : N  = notYet "grammar_N" ;
+oper grass_N : N  = notYet "grass_N" ;
+oper green_A : A  = notYet "green_A" ;
+oper guts_N : N  = notYet "guts_N" ;
+oper hair_N : N  = notYet "hair_N" ;
+oper hand_N : N  = notYet "hand_N" ;
+oper harbour_N : N  = notYet "harbour_N" ;
+oper has_age_VP : Card -> VP  = notYet "has_age_VP" ;
+oper hat_N : N  = notYet "hat_N" ;
+oper hate_V2 : V2  = notYet "hate_V2" ;
+oper have_name_Cl : NP -> NP -> Cl  = notYet "have_name_Cl" ;
+oper head_N : N  = notYet "head_N" ;
+oper hear_V2 : V2  = notYet "hear_V2" ;
+oper heart_N : N  = notYet "heart_N" ;
+oper heavy_A : A  = notYet "heavy_A" ;
+oper here7from_Adv : Adv  = notYet "here7from_Adv" ;
+oper here7to_Adv : Adv  = notYet "here7to_Adv" ;
+oper here_Adv : Adv  = notYet "here_Adv" ;
+oper hill_N : N  = notYet "hill_N" ;
+oper hit_V2 : V2  = notYet "hit_V2" ;
+oper hold_V2 : V2  = notYet "hold_V2" ;
+oper hope_VS : VS  = notYet "hope_VS" ;
+oper horn_N : N  = notYet "horn_N" ;
+oper horse_N : N  = notYet "horse_N" ;
+oper hot_A : A  = notYet "hot_A" ;
+oper how8many_IDet : IDet  = notYet "how8many_IDet" ;
+oper how8much_IAdv : IAdv  = notYet "how8much_IAdv" ;
+oper how_IAdv : IAdv  = notYet "how_IAdv" ;
+oper how_far_QCl : NP -> QCl  = notYet "how_far_QCl" ;
+oper how_old_QCl : NP -> QCl  = notYet "how_old_QCl" ;
+oper hungry_VP : VP  = notYet "hungry_VP" ;
+oper hunt_V2 : V2  = notYet "hunt_V2" ;
+oper husband_N : N  = notYet "husband_N" ;
+oper ice_N : N  = notYet "ice_N" ;
+oper if_Subj : Subj  = notYet "if_Subj" ;
+oper if_then_Conj : Conj  = notYet "if_then_Conj" ;
+oper ill_VP : VP  = notYet "ill_VP" ;
+oper important_A : A  = notYet "important_A" ;
+oper in8front_Prep : Prep  = notYet "in8front_Prep" ;
+oper industry_N : N  = notYet "industry_N" ;
+oper iron_N : N  = notYet "iron_N" ;
+oper is_right_VP : VP  = notYet "is_right_VP" ;
+oper is_wrong_VP : VP  = notYet "is_wrong_VP" ;
+oper it_Pron : Pron  = notYet "it_Pron" ;
+oper john_PN : PN  = notYet "john_PN" ;
+oper jump_V : V  = notYet "jump_V" ;
+oper kill_V2 : V2  = notYet "kill_V2" ;
+oper king_N : N  = notYet "king_N" ;
+oper knee_N : N  = notYet "knee_N" ;
+oper know_V2 : V2  = notYet "know_V2" ;
+oper know_VQ : VQ  = notYet "know_VQ" ;
+oper know_VS : VS  = notYet "know_VS" ;
+oper lake_N : N  = notYet "lake_N" ;
+oper lamp_N : N  = notYet "lamp_N" ;
+oper laugh_V : V  = notYet "laugh_V" ;
+oper leaf_N : N  = notYet "leaf_N" ;
+oper learn_V2 : V2  = notYet "learn_V2" ;
+oper leather_N : N  = notYet "leather_N" ;
+oper leave_V2 : V2  = notYet "leave_V2" ;
+oper left_Ord : Ord  = notYet "left_Ord" ;
+oper leg_N : N  = notYet "leg_N" ;
+oper less_CAdv : CAdv  = notYet "less_CAdv" ;
+oper lie_V : V  = notYet "lie_V" ;
+oper like_V2 : V2  = notYet "like_V2" ;
+oper listen_V2 : V2  = notYet "listen_V2" ;
+oper live_V : V  = notYet "live_V" ;
+oper liver_N : N  = notYet "liver_N" ;
+oper long_A : A  = notYet "long_A" ;
+oper lose_V2 : V2  = notYet "lose_V2" ;
+oper louse_N : N  = notYet "louse_N" ;
+oper love_N : N  = notYet "love_N" ;
+oper love_V2 : V2  = notYet "love_V2" ;
+oper many_Det : Det  = notYet "many_Det" ;
+oper married_A2 : A2  = notYet "married_A2" ;
+oper married_Cl : NP -> NP -> Cl  = notYet "married_Cl" ;
+oper meat_N : N  = notYet "meat_N" ;
+oper milk_N : N  = notYet "milk_N" ;
+oper moon_N : N  = notYet "moon_N" ;
+oper more_CAdv : CAdv  = notYet "more_CAdv" ;
+oper most_Predet : Predet  = notYet "most_Predet" ;
+oper mother_N2 : N2  = notYet "mother_N2" ;
+oper mountain_N : N  = notYet "mountain_N" ;
+oper mouth_N : N  = notYet "mouth_N" ;
+oper much_Det : Det  = notYet "much_Det" ;
+oper music_N : N  = notYet "music_N" ;
+oper must_VV : VV  = notYet "must_VV" ;
+oper n_units_AP : Card -> CN -> A -> AP  = notYet "n_units_AP" ;
+oper n_units_of_NP : Card -> CN -> NP -> NP  = notYet "n_units_of_NP" ;
+oper name_N : N  = notYet "name_N" ;
+oper narrow_A : A  = notYet "narrow_A" ;
+oper nd : Digit -> Dig  = notYet "nd" ;
+oper nd10 : Sub10 -> Digits  = notYet "nd10" ;
+oper nd100 : Sub100 -> Digits  = notYet "nd100" ;
+oper nd1000 : Sub1000 -> Digits  = notYet "nd1000" ;
+oper nd1000000 : Sub1000000 -> Digits  = notYet "nd1000000" ;
+oper near_A : A  = notYet "near_A" ;
+oper neck_N : N  = notYet "neck_N" ;
+oper new_A : A  = notYet "new_A" ;
+oper newspaper_N : N  = notYet "newspaper_N" ;
+oper night_N : N  = notYet "night_N" ;
+oper no_Quant : Quant  = notYet "no_Quant" ;
+oper nobody_NP : NP  = notYet "nobody_NP" ;
+oper nose_N : N  = notYet "nose_N" ;
+oper not_Predet : Predet  = notYet "not_Predet" ;
+oper nothing_NP : NP  = notYet "nothing_NP" ;
+oper now_Adv : Adv  = notYet "now_Adv" ;
+oper num2digits : Numeral -> Digits  = notYet "num2digits" ;
+oper number_N : N  = notYet "number_N" ;
+oper oil_N : N  = notYet "oil_N" ;
+oper old_A : A  = notYet "old_A" ;
+oper only_Predet : Predet  = notYet "only_Predet" ;
+oper open_V2 : V2  = notYet "open_V2" ;
+oper otherwise_PConj : PConj  = notYet "otherwise_PConj" ;
+oper paint_V2A : V2A  = notYet "paint_V2A" ;
+oper paper_N : N  = notYet "paper_N" ;
+oper paris_PN : PN  = notYet "paris_PN" ;
+oper part_Prep : Prep  = notYet "part_Prep" ;
+oper peace_N : N  = notYet "peace_N" ;
+oper pen_N : N  = notYet "pen_N" ;
+oper person_N : N  = notYet "person_N" ;
+oper planet_N : N  = notYet "planet_N" ;
+oper plastic_N : N  = notYet "plastic_N" ;
+oper play_V : V  = notYet "play_V" ;
+oper play_V2 : V2  = notYet "play_V2" ;
+oper please_Voc : Voc  = notYet "please_Voc" ;
+oper policeman_N : N  = notYet "policeman_N" ;
+oper possess_Prep : Prep  = notYet "possess_Prep" ;
+oper priest_N : N  = notYet "priest_N" ;
+oper probable_AS : A  = notYet "probable_AS" ;
+oper pull_V2 : V2  = notYet "pull_V2" ;
+oper push_V2 : V2  = notYet "push_V2" ;
+oper put_V2 : V2  = notYet "put_V2" ;
+oper queen_N : N  = notYet "queen_N" ;
+oper question_N : N  = notYet "question_N" ;
+oper quite_Adv : AdA  = notYet "quite_Adv" ;
+oper radio_N : N  = notYet "radio_N" ;
+oper rain_N : N  = notYet "rain_N" ;
+oper rain_V0 : V  = notYet "rain_V0" ;
+oper ready_A : A  = notYet "ready_A" ;
+oper ready_VP : VP  = notYet "ready_VP" ;
+oper reason_N : N  = notYet "reason_N" ;
+oper red_A : A  = notYet "red_A" ;
+oper religion_N : N  = notYet "religion_N" ;
+oper restaurant_N : N  = notYet "restaurant_N" ;
+oper right_Ord : Ord  = notYet "right_Ord" ;
+oper river_N : N  = notYet "river_N" ;
+oper road_N : N  = notYet "road_N" ;
+oper rock_N : N  = notYet "rock_N" ;
+oper roof_N : N  = notYet "roof_N" ;
+oper root_N : N  = notYet "root_N" ;
+oper rope_N : N  = notYet "rope_N" ;
+oper rotten_A : A  = notYet "rotten_A" ;
+oper round_A : A  = notYet "round_A" ;
+oper rub_V2 : V2  = notYet "rub_V2" ;
+oper rubber_N : N  = notYet "rubber_N" ;
+oper rule_N : N  = notYet "rule_N" ;
+oper run_V : V  = notYet "run_V" ;
+oper salt_N : N  = notYet "salt_N" ;
+oper sand_N : N  = notYet "sand_N" ;
+oper say_VS : VS  = notYet "say_VS" ;
+oper scared_VP : VP  = notYet "scared_VP" ;
+oper school_N : N  = notYet "school_N" ;
+oper science_N : N  = notYet "science_N" ;
+oper scratch_V2 : V2  = notYet "scratch_V2" ;
+oper sea_N : N  = notYet "sea_N" ;
+oper seed_N : N  = notYet "seed_N" ;
+oper seek_V2 : V2  = notYet "seek_V2" ;
+oper sell_V3 : V3  = notYet "sell_V3" ;
+oper send_V3 : V3  = notYet "send_V3" ;
+oper sew_V : V  = notYet "sew_V" ;
+oper sharp_A : A  = notYet "sharp_A" ;
+oper sheep_N : N  = notYet "sheep_N" ;
+oper ship_N : N  = notYet "ship_N" ;
+oper shirt_N : N  = notYet "shirt_N" ;
+oper shoe_N : N  = notYet "shoe_N" ;
+oper shop_N : N  = notYet "shop_N" ;
+oper short_A : A  = notYet "short_A" ;
+oper silver_N : N  = notYet "silver_N" ;
+oper sing_V : V  = notYet "sing_V" ;
+oper sister_N : N  = notYet "sister_N" ;
+oper sit_V : V  = notYet "sit_V" ;
+oper skin_N : N  = notYet "skin_N" ;
+oper sky_N : N  = notYet "sky_N" ;
+oper sleep_V : V  = notYet "sleep_V" ;
+oper smell_V : V  = notYet "smell_V" ;
+oper smoke_N : N  = notYet "smoke_N" ;
+oper smooth_A : A  = notYet "smooth_A" ;
+oper snake_N : N  = notYet "snake_N" ;
+oper snow_N : N  = notYet "snow_N" ;
+oper so_AdA : AdA  = notYet "so_AdA" ;
+oper sock_N : N  = notYet "sock_N" ;
+oper somePl_Det : Det  = notYet "somePl_Det" ;
+oper someSg_Det : Det  = notYet "someSg_Det" ;
+oper somebody_NP : NP  = notYet "somebody_NP" ;
+oper something_NP : NP  = notYet "something_NP" ;
+oper somewhere_Adv : Adv  = notYet "somewhere_Adv" ;
+oper song_N : N  = notYet "song_N" ;
+oper speak_V2 : V2  = notYet "speak_V2" ;
+oper spit_V : V  = notYet "spit_V" ;
+oper split_V2 : V2  = notYet "split_V2" ;
+oper squeeze_V2 : V2  = notYet "squeeze_V2" ;
+oper stab_V2 : V2  = notYet "stab_V2" ;
+oper stand_V : V  = notYet "stand_V" ;
+oper star_N : N  = notYet "star_N" ;
+oper steel_N : N  = notYet "steel_N" ;
+oper stick_N : N  = notYet "stick_N" ;
+oper stone_N : N  = notYet "stone_N" ;
+oper stop_V : V  = notYet "stop_V" ;
+oper stove_N : N  = notYet "stove_N" ;
+oper straight_A : A  = notYet "straight_A" ;
+oper student_N : N  = notYet "student_N" ;
+oper stupid_A : A  = notYet "stupid_A" ;
+oper suck_V2 : V2  = notYet "suck_V2" ;
+oper sun_N : N  = notYet "sun_N" ;
+oper swell_V : V  = notYet "swell_V" ;
+oper swim_V : V  = notYet "swim_V" ;
+oper switch8off_V2 : V2  = notYet "switch8off_V2" ;
+oper switch8on_V2 : V2  = notYet "switch8on_V2" ;
+oper table_N : N  = notYet "table_N" ;
+oper tail_N : N  = notYet "tail_N" ;
+oper talk_V3 : V3  = notYet "talk_V3" ;
+oper teacher_N : N  = notYet "teacher_N" ;
+oper television_N : N  = notYet "television_N" ;
+oper that_Quant : Quant  = notYet "that_Quant" ;
+oper that_Subj : Subj  = notYet "that_Subj" ;
+oper there7from_Adv : Adv  = notYet "there7from_Adv" ;
+oper there7to_Adv : Adv  = notYet "there7to_Adv" ;
+oper there_Adv : Adv  = notYet "there_Adv" ;
+oper therefore_PConj : PConj  = notYet "therefore_PConj" ;
+oper thick_A : A  = notYet "thick_A" ;
+oper thin_A : A  = notYet "thin_A" ;
+oper think_V : V  = notYet "think_V" ;
+oper thirsty_VP : VP  = notYet "thirsty_VP" ;
+oper this_Quant : Quant  = notYet "this_Quant" ;
+oper through_Prep : Prep  = notYet "through_Prep" ;
+oper throw_V2 : V2  = notYet "throw_V2" ;
+oper tie_V2 : V2  = notYet "tie_V2" ;
+oper tired_VP : VP  = notYet "tired_VP" ;
+oper to_Prep : Prep  = notYet "to_Prep" ;
+oper today_Adv : Adv  = notYet "today_Adv" ;
+oper tongue_N : N  = notYet "tongue_N" ;
+oper too_AdA : AdA  = notYet "too_AdA" ;
+oper tooth_N : N  = notYet "tooth_N" ;
+oper train_N : N  = notYet "train_N" ;
+oper travel_V : V  = notYet "travel_V" ;
+oper tree_N : N  = notYet "tree_N" ;
+oper turn_V : V  = notYet "turn_V" ;
+oper ugly_A : A  = notYet "ugly_A" ;
+oper uncertain_A : A  = notYet "uncertain_A" ;
+oper under_Prep : Prep  = notYet "under_Prep" ;
+oper understand_V2 : V2  = notYet "understand_V2" ;
+oper university_N : N  = notYet "university_N" ;
+oper very_AdA : AdA  = notYet "very_AdA" ;
+oper village_N : N  = notYet "village_N" ;
+oper vomit_V : V  = notYet "vomit_V" ;
+oper wait_V2 : V2  = notYet "wait_V2" ;
+oper walk_V : V  = notYet "walk_V" ;
+oper want_VV : VV  = notYet "want_VV" ;
+oper war_N : N  = notYet "war_N" ;
+oper warm_A : A  = notYet "warm_A" ;
+oper wash_V2 : V2  = notYet "wash_V2" ;
+oper watch_V2 : V2  = notYet "watch_V2" ;
+oper water_N : N  = notYet "water_N" ;
+oper weather_adjCl : AP -> Cl  = notYet "weather_adjCl" ;
+oper wet_A : A  = notYet "wet_A" ;
+oper whatPl_IP : IP  = notYet "whatPl_IP" ;
+oper whatSg_IP : IP  = notYet "whatSg_IP" ;
+oper what_name_QCl : NP -> QCl  = notYet "what_name_QCl" ;
+oper when_IAdv : IAdv  = notYet "when_IAdv" ;
+oper when_Subj : Subj  = notYet "when_Subj" ;
+oper where_IAdv : IAdv  = notYet "where_IAdv" ;
+oper which_IQuant : IQuant  = notYet "which_IQuant" ;
+oper white_A : A  = notYet "white_A" ;
+oper whoPl_IP : IP  = notYet "whoPl_IP" ;
+oper whoSg_IP : IP  = notYet "whoSg_IP" ;
+oper why_IAdv : IAdv  = notYet "why_IAdv" ;
+oper wide_A : A  = notYet "wide_A" ;
+oper wife_N : N  = notYet "wife_N" ;
+oper win_V2 : V2  = notYet "win_V2" ;
+oper wind_N : N  = notYet "wind_N" ;
+oper window_N : N  = notYet "window_N" ;
+oper wine_N : N  = notYet "wine_N" ;
+oper wing_N : N  = notYet "wing_N" ;
+oper wipe_V2 : V2  = notYet "wipe_V2" ;
+oper without_Prep : Prep  = notYet "without_Prep" ;
+oper wonder_VQ : VQ  = notYet "wonder_VQ" ;
+oper wood_N : N  = notYet "wood_N" ;
+oper worm_N : N  = notYet "worm_N" ;
+oper write_V2 : V2  = notYet "write_V2" ;
+oper year_N : N  = notYet "year_N" ;
+oper yellow_A : A  = notYet "yellow_A" ;
+oper youPol_Pron : Pron  = notYet "youPol_Pron" ;
+oper young_A : A  = notYet "young_A" ;
+oper CNNumNP : CN -> Card -> NP  = notYet "CNNumNP" ;
+oper CNSymbNP : Det -> CN -> [Symb] -> NP  = notYet "CNSymbNP" ;
+oper FloatPN : Float -> PN  = notYet "FloatPN" ;
+oper IntPN : Int -> PN  = notYet "IntPN" ;
+oper NumPN : Card -> PN  = notYet "NumPN" ;
+oper SymbNum : Symb -> Card  = notYet "SymbNum" ;
+oper SymbOrd : Symb -> Ord  = notYet "SymbOrd" ;
+oper SymbPN : Symb -> PN  = notYet "SymbPN" ;
+oper SymbS : Symb -> S  = notYet "SymbS" ;
+}

src/somali/NounSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,221 @@
+concrete NounSom of Noun = CatSom ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
+
+  flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+  lin
+
+--2 Noun phrases
+
+-- The three main types of noun phrases are
+-- - common nouns with determiners
+-- - proper names
+-- - pronouns
+
+  -- : Det -> CN -> NP
+  DetCN det cn = useN cn ** {
+    s = \\c =>
+         let nfc : {nf : NForm ; c : Case} =
+           case <c,cn.hasMod,det.d> of {
+              <Nom,True, Indef Sg> => {nf=Indef Sg ; c=Abs} ;
+              <Nom,False,Indef Sg> => {nf=IndefNom ; c=Nom} ; -- special form for fem. nouns
+              <Nom,True,Def x A>   => {nf=Def x A ; c=Abs} ;
+              <Nom,False,Def x A>  => {nf=Def x U ; c=Nom} ;
+              _                    => {nf=det.d ; c=c}
+           } ;
+          in cn.s ! nfc.nf
+          ++ det.s ! nfc.c
+          ++ cn.mod ! getNum (getAgr det.d Masc) ! c ;
+    a = getAgr det.d cn.g
+    } ;
+
+  -- : PN -> NP ;
+  UsePN pn = pn ** {
+    s = \\c => pn.s ;
+    isPron = False ;
+    sp = pn.s } ;
+
+  -- : Pron -> NP ;
+  UsePron pron = lin NP pron ;
+
+
+  -- : Predet -> NP -> NP ; -- only the man
+  PredetNP predet np = np ** {
+    s = \\c => predet.s ++ np.s ! c ---- ?
+    } ;
+
+
+-- A noun phrase can also be postmodified by the past participle of a
+-- verb, by an adverb, or by a relative clause
+
+
+  -- : NP -> V2  -> NP ;    -- the man seen
+  -- PPartNP np v2 = np ** {
+  --   s = \\c => v2.s ! ??? ++ np.s ! c } ; ----
+
+  -- : NP -> Adv -> NP ;    -- Paris today ; boys, such as ..
+  --AdvNP,ExtAdvNP = \np,adv -> np ** {} ; --adverbs are complicated
+
+  -- : NP -> RS  -> NP ;    -- Paris, which is here
+  -- RelNP np rs = np ** { s = \\c => rs.s ! np.agr ++ np.s ! c } ;
+
+-- Determiners can form noun phrases directly.
+
+  -- : Det -> NP ;
+  DetNP det = {
+    s = det.sp ! Masc ; ---- Any way to decide for gender here?
+    a = getAgr det.d Masc ;
+    isPron = False ; sp = []
+    } ;
+
+  -- MassNP : CN -> NP ;
+  MassNP cn = useN cn ** {
+    s = table { Nom => cn.s ! IndefNom ++ cn.mod ! Sg ! Nom ;
+                Abs => cn.s ! Indef Sg ++ cn.mod ! Sg ! Abs }
+    } ;
+
+
+--2 Determiners
+
+-- The determiner has a fine-grained structure, in which a 'nucleus'
+-- quantifier and an optional numeral can be discerned.
+
+  -- : Quant -> Num -> Det ;
+  -- DetQuant quant num = quant **
+  --   { } ;
+
+  -- : Quant -> Num -> Ord -> Det ;  -- these five best
+  -- DetQuantOrd quant num ord =
+  --   let theseFive = DetQuant quant num
+  --   in theseFive ** { s = \\c,ph => theseFive.s ! c ! ph ++ ord.s } ; --TODO: dummy implementation
+
+-- Whether the resulting determiner is singular or plural depends on the
+-- cardinal.
+
+-- All parts of the determiner can be empty, except $Quant$, which is
+-- the "kernel" of a determiner. It is, however, the $Num$ that determines
+-- the inherent number.
+{-
+  NumSg = { s = [] ; n = Sg ; isNum = False } ;
+  NumPl = { s = [] ; n = Pl ; isNum = False } ;
+
+  -- : Card -> Num ;
+  NumCard card = (card ** { isNum = True }) ;
+
+  -- : Digits  -> Card ;
+  NumDigits dig = { s = dig.s ! NCard ; n = dig.n } ;
+
+  -- : Numeral -> Card ;
+  NumNumeral num = num ;
+
+  -- : AdN -> Card -> Card ;
+  AdNum adn card = card ** { s = adn.s ++ card.s } ;
+
+  -- : Digits  -> Ord ;
+  OrdDigits digs = digs ** { s = digs.s ! NOrd } ;
+
+  -- : Numeral -> Ord ;
+  OrdNumeral num = num ;
+
+  -- : A       -> Ord ;
+  OrdSuperl a = {  } ; -- why force Sg?
+
+-- One can combine a numeral and a superlative.
+
+  -- : Numeral -> A -> Ord ; -- third largest
+  OrdNumeralSuperl num a = num ** {  } ;
+
+  -- : Quant
+  DefArt = {  } ;
+  -- : Quant
+  IndefArt = { s     = artDef ;
+               indep = False ;
+               pref  = [] ;
+               isDef = False } ; --has suffix, but turns into partitive in negative!
+
+  -- : Pron -> Quant
+  PossPron pron = { s     = artDef ;
+                    indep = True ;
+                    pref  = pron.s ! Gen ;
+                    isDef = True } ;
+-}
+--2 Common nouns
+
+  -- : N -> CN
+  -- : N2 -> CN ;
+  UseN,UseN2 = ResSom.useN ;
+
+{-
+  -- : N2 -> NP -> CN ;    -- mother of the king
+  ComplN2 n2 np =
+    let compl = applyPost n2.compl1 np ;
+    in useN n2 ** { s = \\agr => compl ++ n2.s } ;
+
+  -- : N3 -> NP -> N2 ;    -- distance from this city (to Paris)
+  ComplN3 n3 np =
+    let compl = applyPost n3.c3 np ;
+    in n3 ** {s = compl ++ n3.s } ;
+-}
+
+  -- : N3 -> N2 ;          -- distance (from this city)
+  Use2N3 n3 = lin N2 n3 ** { c2 = n3.c3 } ;
+
+  -- : N3 -> N2 ;          -- distance (to Paris)
+  Use3N3 n3 = lin N2 n3 ;
+  -- : AP -> CN -> CN
+  AdjCN ap cn = cn ** {
+    s = table { IndefNom => cn.s ! Indef Sg ; -- When an adjective is added, noun loses case marker.
+                x        => cn.s ! x } ;
+    mod = \\n,c => cn.mod ! n ! Abs -- If there was something before, it is now in Abs
+                ++ ap.s ! AF n c ;
+    hasMod = True
+    } ;
+
+{-
+  -- : CN -> RS  -> CN ;
+  RelCN cn rs = cn ** {  } ;
+
+
+  -- : CN -> Adv -> CN ;
+  AdvCN cn adv = cn ** {  } ;
+
+-- Nouns can also be modified by embedded sentences and questions.
+-- For some nouns this makes little sense, but we leave this for applications
+-- to decide. Sentential complements are defined in VerbSom.
+
+  -- : CN -> SC  -> CN ;   -- question where she sleeps
+  SentCN cn sc = cn ** { } ;
+
+
+--2 Apposition
+
+-- This is certainly overgenerating.
+
+  -- : CN -> NP -> CN ;    -- city Paris (, numbers x and y)
+  ApposCN cn np = cn ** { s =  } ;
+
+
+--2 Possessive and partitive constructs
+
+  -- : PossNP  : CN -> NP -> CN ;
+  PossNP cn np = cn ** {  } ;
+
+  -- : CN -> NP -> CN ;     -- glass of wine / two kilos of red apples
+  PartNP cn np = cn ** {  } ;
+
+
+
+-- This is different from the partitive, as shown by many languages.
+
+  -- : Det -> NP -> NP ;
+  CountNP det np = np **
+    { } ; -- Nonsense for DefArt or IndefArt
+
+--3 Conjoinable determiners and ones with adjectives
+
+  -- : DAP -> AP -> DAP ;    -- the large (one)
+  AdjDAP dap ap = dap ** { } ;
+
+  -- : Det -> DAP ;          -- this (or that)
+  DetDAP det = det ;
+-}
+}

src/somali/NumeralSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+concrete NumeralSom of Numeral = CatSom [Numeral,Digits] **
+  open Prelude, ResSom in {
+
+oper LinDigit : Type = { s : DForm => Str ;
+                         n : Number ;
+                         even20 : Even20 } ;
+
+oper mk20Ten : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> LinDigit = \tri,t,fiche,h ->
+  { s = table { Unit   => tri ;
+                Teen   => t ;
+                Twenty => fiche ;
+                Hund   => h + "TODO"} ;
+    even20 = Ten ;
+    n = Pl } ;
+
+oper mkeven20 : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> LinDigit = \se,t,trifichid,h ->
+  { s = table { Unit => se ;
+                Teen => t ;
+                Twenty => trifichid ;
+                Hund => h + "TODO" } ;
+    even20 = Even ;
+    n = Pl } ;
+
+param Even20 = Ten | Even ;
+param DForm = Unit | Teen | Twenty | Hund ;
+
+--lincat Numeral = {s : Str} ;
+lincat Digit = LinDigit ;
+lincat Sub10 = LinDigit ;
+lincat Sub100 = {s : Str ; n : Number } ;
+lincat Sub1000 = {s : Str ; n : Number ; isHundred : Bool } ;
+lincat Sub1000000 = {s : Str ; n : Number } ;
+
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
+--  num : Sub1000000 -> Numeral ;
+lin num x0 = lin Numeral x0 ;
+
+lin n2  = mkeven20 "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" ;
+lin n3  = mk20Ten "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO";
+lin n4  = mkeven20 "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO";
+lin n5  = mk20Ten "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO";
+lin n6  = mkeven20 "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" ;
+lin n7  = mk20Ten "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" ;
+lin n8  = mkeven20 "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" ;
+lin n9  = mk20Ten "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" "TODO" ;
+
+lin pot01  =
+  {s = table {Unit => "TODO" ; Hund => "TODO" ; _ => []} ; even20 = Ten ; n = Sg };
+lin pot0 d = d ;
+lin pot110 = {s = "TODO" ; n = Pl} ;
+lin pot111 = {s = variants {"TODO" ; "TODO"} ; n = Pl} ;
+lin pot1to19 d = {s = d.s ! Teen ; n = Pl} ;
+lin pot0as1 n = {s = n.s ! Unit ; n = n.n} ;
+lin pot1 d =
+  {s = case d.even20 of {
+              Even => d.s ! Twenty ;
+              Ten  => glue (d.s ! Twenty) "TODO" } ;
+   n = Pl} ;
+lin pot1plus d e =
+  {s = case d.even20 of {
+              Even => d.s ! Twenty ++ "TODO" ++ e.s ! Unit ;
+              Ten  => d.s ! Twenty ++ "TODO" ++ e.s ! Teen } ;
+   n = Pl} ;
+
+lin pot1as2 n = n ** { isHundred = False } ;
+lin pot2 d = {s = d.s ! Hund ; n = Pl ; isHundred = True } ;
+lin pot2plus d e =
+  { s = d.s ! Hund ++ "TODO" ++ e.s ;
+    n = Pl ;
+    isHundred = True } ;
+lin pot2as3 n = n ;
+lin pot3 n =
+  {s = table {Sg => [] ; Pl => n.s } ! n.n ++ "TODO" ;
+   n = n.n } ;
+
+
+lin pot3plus n m =
+  let ta = if_then_Str m.isHundred [] "TODO" ; --no `ta' between 1000 and 100
+  in
+    { s = table {Sg => [] ; Pl => n.s } ! n.n ++ "TODO" ++ ta ++ m.s ;
+      n = n.n } ;
+
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+lincat Dig = TDigit ;
+
+oper
+  TDigit : Type = { s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number } ;
+  mkDig : Str -> TDigit = \c -> mk2Dig c Pl ;
+
+  mk2Dig : Str -> Number -> TDigit = \c,num ->
+   { s = table { NCard => c ;
+                 NOrd => c + "TODO" } ;
+     n = num } ;
+
+
+
+lin D_0 = mkDig "0" ;
+lin D_1 = mk2Dig "1" Sg ;
+lin D_2 = mkDig "2" ;
+lin D_3 = mkDig "3" ;
+lin D_4 = mkDig "4" ;
+lin D_5 = mkDig "5" ;
+lin D_6 = mkDig "6" ;
+lin D_7 = mkDig "7" ;
+lin D_8 = mkDig "8" ;
+lin D_9 = mkDig "9" ;
+
+    -- : Dig -> Digits ;
+lin IDig dig = dig ;
+    -- : Dig -> Digits -> Digits ;
+lin IIDig dig digs = digs ** {s = \\co => glue (dig.s ! co) (digs.s ! co) } ;
+
+}

src/somali/ParadigmsSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+resource ParadigmsSom = open CatSom, ResSom, Prelude in {
+
+oper
+
+--2 Parameters
+--
+-- To abstract over number, valency and (some) case names,
+-- we define the following identifiers. The application programmer
+-- should always use these constants instead of the constructors
+-- defined in $ResSom$.
+  Number : Type ;
+  sg : Number ;
+  pl : Number ;
+
+  Case : Type ;
+  absolutive : Case ;
+  nominative : Case ;
+
+  Agr : Type ;
+  sgFem : Agr ;
+  sgMasc : Agr ;
+  plAgr : Agr ;
+
+  Gender : Type ;
+  masc : Gender ;
+  fem : Gender ;
+
+  Preposition : Type ;
+  ka : Preposition ;
+  ku : Preposition ;
+  la : Preposition ;
+  u  : Preposition ;
+
+
+--2 Nouns
+
+  mkN : overload {
+    mkN : (bisad : Str) -> N ; -- Predictable nouns
+    mkN : (shimbir : Str) -> (fem : Gender) -> N ; -- Unpredictable gender
+    mkN : (maalin,maalmo : Str) -> Gender -> N ; -- Consonant cluster in stem
+    --mkN : N -> Gender -> N ; -- Otherwise predictable but not gender (TODO does this even happen?)
+  } ;
+
+  mkPN : overload {
+    mkPN : Str -> PN ; -- Proper noun, default agr. P3 Sg Masc.
+    mkPN : Str -> Agr -> PN -- Proper noun, another agr.
+    } ;
+
+--2 Adjectives
+
+  mkA : (yar : Str) -> CatSom.A ;
+
+  -- mkA2 : Str -> Prep -> A2 ;
+
+--2 Verbs
+
+-- Smart paradigms
+  mkV : Str -> V ;
+
+  mkV2 : overload {
+    mkV2 : (akhri : Str) -> V2 ; -- Regular verbs, no preposition
+    mkV2 : (_ : Str) -> (_ku : Preposition) -> V2 ; -- Regular verb, prep.
+    mkV2 : V -> Preposition -> V2 ; -- Already constructed verb with preposition
+    } ;
+
+  -- TODO: actual constructors
+  -- mkVA : Str -> VA = \s -> lin VA (mkVerb  s) ;
+  --
+  -- mkV2A : Str -> V2A = \s -> lin V2A (mkVerb s) ;
+  -- mkVQ : Str -> VQ = \s -> lin VQ (mkVerb s) ;
+  -- mkVS : Str -> VS = \s -> lin VS (mkVerb s) ;
+  --
+  -- mkV2V : Str -> V2V = \s -> lin V2V (mkVerb s) ;
+  -- mkV2S : Str -> V2S = \s -> lin V2S (mkVerb s) ;
+  -- mkV2Q : Str -> V2Q = \s -> lin V2Q (mkVerb s) ;
+  -- mkV3 : Str -> V3 = \s -> lin V3 (mkVerb s) ;
+
+
+  -----
+
+--2 Structural categories
+
+  mkPrep = overload {
+    mkPrep : Str -> Prep = \s ->
+      lin Prep (ResSom.mkPrep s s s s s s) ;
+    mkPrep : (x1,_,_,_,_,x6 : Str) -> Prep = \a,b,c,d,e,f ->
+      lin Prep (ResSom.mkPrep a b c d e f) ;
+    mkPrep : Preposition -> Prep = \p ->
+      lin Prep (prepTable ! p) ;
+  } ;
+
+  -- mkConj : (_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Conj = \s1,s2,num ->
+  --   lin Conj { s = s1 ; s2 = s2 } ;
+
+  -- mkSubj : Str -> Bool -> Subj = \s,b ->
+  --   lin Subj { } ;
+
+  mkAdv : Str -> Adv = \s -> lin Adv {s = s ; s2 = []} ;
+
+  mkAdV : Str -> AdV = \s -> lin AdV {s = s} ;
+
+  mkAdA : Str -> AdA = \s -> lin AdA {s = s} ;
+
+
+--.
+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are
+-- hidden from the document.
+
+  Number = ResSom.Number ;
+  sg = Sg ;
+  pl = Pl ;
+
+  Case = ResSom.Case ;
+  absolutive = Abs ;
+  nominative = Nom ;
+
+  Agr = ResSom.Agreement ;
+  sgFem = Sg3 Fem ;
+  sgMasc = Sg3 Masc ;
+  plAgr = Pl3 ;
+
+  Gender = ResSom.Gender ;
+  masc = Masc ;
+  fem = Fem ;
+
+  Preposition = ResSom.Preposition ;
+  ka = ResSom.ka ;
+  ku = ResSom.ku ;
+  la = ResSom.la ;
+  u  = ResSom.u ;
+  ------------------------
+
+  mkN = overload {
+    mkN : Str -> N                   = \s   -> lin N (mkN1 s) ;
+    mkN : Str -> Gender -> N         = \s,g -> lin N (mkNg s g) ;
+    mkN : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N = \s,t,g -> lin N (nMaalin s t g) ;
+    --mkN : N -> Gender -> N           = \n,g -> n ** {g = g }
+  } ;
+
+  mkPN = overload {
+    mkPN : Str -> PN = \s -> lin PN (mkPNoun s sgMasc) ;
+    mkPN : Str -> Agr -> PN = \s,a -> lin PN (mkPNoun s a)
+    } ;
+
+  mkA : (yar : Str) -> CatSom.A = \s -> lin A (mkAdj s) ;
+
+  mkV : Str -> V = \s -> lin V (regV s) ;
+
+  regV : Str -> Verb = \s -> cSug s ; --case s of {
+    -- _ + #c + #c + "o" => cJoogso s ;
+    -- _           + "o" => cQaado s ; ----
+    -- _           + "i" => cKari s ;
+    -- _          + "ee" => cYaree s ;
+    -- _                 => cSug s
+    -- } ;
+
+  mkV2 = overload {
+    mkV2 : Str -> V2 = \s -> lin V2 (regV s ** {c2 = noPrep}) ;
+    mkV2 : Str -> Preposition -> V2 = \s,p -> lin V2 (regV s ** {c2 = p}) ;
+    mkV2 : V -> Preposition -> V2 = \v,p -> lin V2 (v ** {c2 = p}) ;
+    } ;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+}

src/somali/ParamSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+resource ParamSom = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Phonology
+
+oper
+   --TODO: make patterns actually adjusted to Somali
+  v : pattern Str = #("a" | "e" | "i" | "o" | "u") ;
+  vv : pattern Str = #("aa" | "ee" | "ii" | "oo" | "uu") ;
+  c : pattern Str = #("m"|"n"|"p"|"b"|"t"|"d"|"k"|"g"|"f"|"v"
+                      |"s"|"h"|"l"|"j"|"r"|"z"|"c"|"q"|"y"|"w");
+  lmnr : pattern Str = #("l" | "m" | "n" | "r") ;
+  kpt : pattern Str = #("k" | "p" | "t") ;
+  gbd : pattern Str = #("g" | "b" | "d") ;
+
+  voiced : Str -> Str = \s -> case s of {
+    "k" => "g" ;
+    "t" => "d" ;
+    "p" => "b" ;
+    _   => s } ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Morphophonology
+
+param
+  Morpheme = mO | mKa | mTa ;
+
+oper
+  allomorph : Morpheme -> Str -> Str = \x,stem ->
+     case x of {
+       mO => case last stem of {
+                   d@("b"|"d"|"r"|"l"|"m"|"n") => d + "o" ;
+                   "c"|"g"|"i"|"j"|"x"|"s"     => "yo" ;
+                   _                           => "o" } ;
+
+       -- Based on the table on page 21--TODO find generalisations in patterns
+       mTa => case stem of {
+                    _ + ("dh")  => "a" ; ---- ??? just guessing
+                    _ + ("d"|"c"|"h"|"x"|"q"|"'"|"i"|"y"|"w") => "da" ;
+                    _ + "l" => "sha" ;
+                    _       => "ta" } ;
+
+       mKa => case stem of {
+                    _ + ("g"|"aa"|"i"|"y"|"w") => "ga" ;
+                    _ + ("c"|"h"|"x"|"q"|"'")  => "a" ;
+                    _ + ("e"|"o")              => "ha" ;
+                    _                          => "ka" }
+     } ;
+
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Nouns
+
+param
+  Case = Nom | Abs ;
+  Gender = Masc | Fem ;
+  Vowel = A | E | I | O | U ; -- For vowel assimilation
+
+  Inclusion = Excl | Incl ;
+  Agreement =
+      Sg1
+    | Sg2
+    | Sg3 Gender
+    | Pl1 Inclusion
+    | Pl2
+    | Pl3
+    | Impers ; -- Verb agrees with Sg3, but needed for preposition contraction
+
+  NForm =
+      Indef Number
+    | Def Number Vowel -- Stems for definite and determinative suffixes
+    | Numerative       -- When modified by a number (only distinct for some feminine nouns)
+    | IndefNom ;       -- Special form, only fem. nouns ending in consonant
+
+
+oper
+  getAgr : NForm -> Gender -> Agreement = \n,g ->
+    case n of { Indef Pl|Def Pl _ => Pl3 ;
+                _                 => Sg3 g } ;
+  getNum : Agreement -> Number = \a ->
+    case a of { Sg1|Sg2|Sg3 _ => Sg ; _ => Pl } ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Adjectives
+
+param
+  AForm = AF Number Case ; ---- TODO: past tense
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Numerals
+
+-- TODO: is this necessary?
+param
+  CardOrd = NCard | NOrd ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Prepositions
+
+param
+  Preposition = u | ku | ka | la | noPrep ;
+  PrepCombination = ugu | uga | ula | kaga | kula | kala
+                  | Single Preposition ;
+
+oper
+  combine : Preposition -> Preposition -> PrepCombination = \p1,p2 ->
+    let oneWay : Preposition => Preposition => PrepCombination =
+          \\x,y => case <x,y> of {
+                      <u,u|ku> => ugu ;
+                      <u,ka>   => uga ;
+                      <u,la>   => ula ;
+                      <ku|ka,
+                        ku|ka> => kaga ;
+                      <ku,la>  => kula ;
+                      <ka,la>  => kala ;
+                      <noPrep,p> => Single p ;
+                      <p,noPrep> => Single p ;
+                      <p,_> => Single p } -- for trying both ways
+    in case oneWay ! p2 ! p1 of {
+              Single _ => oneWay ! p1 ! p2 ;
+              x        => x } ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Verbs
+
+param
+  VForm =
+      VInf
+    | VPres Agreement Polarity
+    | VNegPast
+    | VPast Agreement
+    | VFut -- agreement comes from auxiliary
+    | VRel -- "som är/har/…" TODO is this used in other verbs?
+    | VImp Number ; -- TODO negation
+
+oper
+  if_then_Pol : Polarity -> Str -> Str -> Str = \p,t,f ->
+    case p of {Pos => t ; Neg => f } ;
+
+-- TODO:
+-- tre aspekter (enkel, progressiv, habituell),
+-- fem modus (indikativ, imperativ, konjunktiv, kontiditonalis, optativ)
+}

src/somali/PhraseSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+concrete PhraseSom of Phrase = CatSom ** open Prelude, ResSom in {
+
+  lin
+    PhrUtt pconj utt voc = {s = pconj.s ++ utt.s ++ voc.s} ;
+
+    UttS s = s ;
+    -- UttQS qs = qs ;
+
+    UttImpSg pol imp =
+      let ma = case pol.p of { Pos => [] ; Neg => "ma" }
+      in { s = ma ++ imp.s } ;
+    UttImpPl = UttImpSg ;
+    UttImpPol = UttImpSg ;
+
+    UttIP ip = { s = ip.s ! Abs} ;
+    UttIAdv iadv = iadv ;
+    UttNP np = { s = np.s ! Abs} ;
+    UttVP vp = { s = linVP vp } ;
+    UttAdv adv = adv ;
+    UttCN n = {s = linCN n } ;
+    UttCard n = n ;
+    UttAP ap = { s = ap.s ! AF Sg Abs } ;
+    UttInterj i = i ;
+
+    NoPConj = {s = []} ;
+    PConjConj conj = { s = conj.s1 ++ conj.s2 } ;
+
+    NoVoc = {s = []} ;
+    VocNP np = { s = "," ++ np.s ! Abs } ; --TODO: vocative exists
+
+}

src/somali/QuestionSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+concrete QuestionSom of Question = CatSom ** open
+  ResSom, (VS=VerbSom), (NS=NounSom), (AS=AdverbSom) in {
+
+-- A question can be formed from a clause ('yes-no question') or
+-- with an interrogative.
+
+  lin
+  -- : Cl -> QCl ;
+  -- QuestCl cl = ;
+
+  -- : IP -> VP -> QCl ;
+  -- QuestVP ip vp = ;
+
+  -- : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl ; -- whom does John love
+  --QuestSlash ip cls = ;
+
+  -- : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ;    -- why does John walk
+  -- QuestIAdv iadv cl = { } ;
+
+  -- : IComp -> NP -> QCl ;   -- where is John?
+  -- QuestIComp icomp np = ;
+
+-- Interrogative pronouns can be formed with interrogative
+-- determiners, with or without a noun.
+
+  -- : IDet -> CN -> IP ;       -- which five songs
+  IdetCN = NS.DetCN ;
+
+  -- : IDet       -> IP ;       -- which five
+  IdetIP = NS.DetNP ;
+
+-- They can be modified with adverbs.
+  -- : IP -> Adv -> IP ;        -- who in Paris
+  --AdvIP = NS.AdvNP ;
+
+-- Interrogative quantifiers have number forms and can take number modifiers.
+
+  -- : IQuant -> Num -> IDet ;  -- which (five)
+  --IdetQuant = NS.DetQuant ;
+
+-- Interrogative adverbs can be formed prepositionally.
+  -- : Prep -> IP -> IAdv ;     -- with whom
+  PrepIP = AS.PrepNP ;
+
+-- They can be modified with other adverbs.
+
+  -- : IAdv -> Adv -> IAdv ;    -- where in Paris
+  AdvIAdv = AS.AdAdv ;
+
+-- Interrogative complements to copulas can be both adverbs and
+-- pronouns.
+
+  -- : IAdv -> IComp ;
+  CompIAdv iadv = iadv ;          -- where (is it)
+
+  -- : IP -> IComp ;
+  CompIP ip = { s = ip.s ! Abs } ;  -- who (is it)
+
+{-
+-- More $IP$, $IDet$, and $IAdv$ are defined in $Structural$.
+
+-- Wh questions with two or more question words require a new, special category.
+
+  cat
+    QVP ;          -- buy what where
+  fun
+    ComplSlashIP  : VPSlash -> IP -> QVP ;   -- buys what
+    AdvQVP        : VP  ->   IAdv -> QVP ;   -- lives where
+    AddAdvQVP     : QVP ->   IAdv -> QVP ;   -- buys what where
+
+    QuestQVP      : IP -> QVP -> QCl ;       -- who buys what where
+-}
+
+}

src/somali/RelativeSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+concrete RelativeSom of Relative = CatSom ** open
+  ResSom, Prelude, (NS=NounSom), (SS=StructuralSom) in {
+
+{-
+lin
+  --  : Cl -> RCl ;            -- such that John loves her
+  RelCl cl = { } ;
+
+  -- : RP -> VP -> RCl ;
+  RelVP rp vp =  ;
+
+  -- : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl ; -- whom John loves
+  RelSlash rp cls = ;
+
+
+  -- : RP ;
+  IdRP = { s = "" } ;
+
+  -- : Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP ;  -- the mother of whom
+  FunRP prep np rp = { s = applyPost prep whom ++ np.s ! Abs }
+   where { num = case np.agr of {
+              Sg3 _ => NS.NumSg ;
+              _     => NS.NumPl } ;
+           whom = NS.DetNP (NS.DetQuant SS.which_IQuant num) } ;
+
+
+
+-}
+
+}

src/somali/ResSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,458 @@
+resource ResSom = ParamSom ** open Prelude, Predef, ParamSom in {
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Nouns
+oper
+
+  Noun : Type = {s : NForm => Str ; g : Gender} ;
+  Noun2 : Type = Noun ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
+  Noun3 : Type = Noun2 ** {c3 : Preposition} ;
+
+  CNoun : Type = Noun ** {mod : Number => Case => Str ; hasMod : Bool} ;
+
+  PNoun : Type = {s : Str ; a : Agreement} ;
+
+  mkPNoun : Str -> Agreement -> PNoun = \str,agr -> {s = str ; a = agr} ;
+
+  mkNoun : (x1,_,_,x4 : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \wiil,wiilka,wiilal,wiilasha,gender ->
+    let bisadi = case gender of
+                   { Fem  => case wiil of { _ + #c => wiil+"i" ; _ => wiil} ;
+                     Masc => wiil } ;
+        bisadood =  case gender of
+                       { Fem  => case wiilal of { _ + "o" => wiilal+"od" ; _ => wiil} ;
+                         Masc => wiil } ;
+        defStems : Str -> Vowel => Str = \s -> case s of {
+          ilk + "aha" =>
+               table { A => ilk+"ah" ;
+                       E => ilk+"eh" ;
+                       I => ilk+"ih" ;
+                       O => ilk+"oh" ;
+                       U => ilk+"uh"
+                       } ;
+          _ => table { _ => init s }
+          } ;
+
+    in { s = table {
+           Indef Sg => wiil ;
+           Indef Pl => wiilal ;
+           IndefNom => bisadi ;
+           Numerative => bisadood ;
+           Def Sg vow => defStems wiilka ! vow ;
+           Def Pl vow => defStems wiilasha ! vow } ;
+         g = gender } ;
+
+-------------------------
+-- Regular noun paradigms
+  nHooyo, nAabbe, nMas, nUl, nGuri, nXayawaan : Str -> Noun ;
+
+  --1) Feminine nouns that end in -o
+  nHooyo hooyo =
+    mkNoun hooyo (init hooyo + "ada") (hooyo + "oyin") (hooyo + "oyinka") Fem ;
+
+  --2) Masculine nouns that end in -e
+  nAabbe aabbe = let aabb = init aabbe in
+    mkNoun aabbe (aabb + "aha") (aabb + "ayaal") (aabb + "ayaasha") Masc ;
+
+  -- 3) Masculine, plural with duplication
+  nMas mas = let s = last mas ;
+                 ka = allomorph mKa mas ;
+                 ta = allomorph mTa mas ;
+                 sha = case ta of {"sha" => ta ; _ => s + ta } in
+    mkNoun mas (mas + ka) (mas + "a" + s) (mas + "a" + sha) Masc ;
+
+  -- 4a) Feminine, plural with ó
+  nUl ul = let o  = case last ul of { "i" => "yo" ; _ => "o" } ;
+               u  = case last ul of { "l" => init ul ; _ => ul } ;
+               sha = allomorph mTa ul in
+    mkNoun ul (u + sha) (ul + o) (ul + "aha") Fem ;
+
+  -- 4b) Masculine, plural with ó, 2 syllables
+  nGuri guri = let o = allomorph mO guri ;
+                   ga = allomorph mKa guri ;
+                   gury = case last guri of { -- TODO does this generalise? Or just exception?
+                                 "i" => init guri + "y" ;
+                                 _   => guri } in
+    mkNoun guri (guri + ga) (gury + o) (gury + "aha") Masc ;
+
+  -- 4c) Masculine, plural with -ó, 3 syllables or longer
+  nXayawaan x = let ka = allomorph mKa x ;
+                    o = allomorph mO x ;
+                    xo = x + o in
+    mkNoun x (x + ka) xo (init xo + "ada") Masc ;
+
+  nMaalin : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> Noun = \maalin,maalmo,g ->
+   let ta = case g of { Masc => allomorph mKa maalin ;
+                        Fem  => allomorph mTa maalin } ;
+       aha = case g of { Masc|Fem  => "aha" } ; ---- ?
+   in mkNoun maalin (maalin + ta) maalmo (init maalmo + aha) g ;
+
+-------------------------
+-- Smart paradigm
+-- Substantiv som slutar på –o/–ad är så gott som alltid feminina, t.ex. qaáddo sked, bisád katt.
+-- Substantiv som slutar på –e är så gott som alltid maskulina, t.ex. dúbbe hammare, fúre nyckel.
+-- För övriga ord säger ordets form dessvärre väldigt lite om ordets genus. Däremot kan betoningens plats i ordet väldigt ofta avslöja ordets genus. Man kan alltså i flesta fall höra vilket genus ett substantiv har.
+
+  mkN1 : Str -> Noun = \n -> case n of {
+      _ + ("ad"|"adh") => nUl n ;
+      _ + "o"          => nHooyo n ;
+      _ + "e"          => nAabbe n ;
+      _ + "ri"         => nGuri n ;
+      (#c + #v + #v + #c) -- One syllable words
+       | (#v + #v + #c)
+       | (#c + #v + #c)
+       | (#v + #c)     => nMas n ;
+      _                => nXayawaan n } ;
+
+  mkNg : Str -> Gender -> Noun = \n,g -> case n of {
+      _ + ("r"|"n"|"l"|"g")
+          => case g of {
+                  Fem  => nUl n ;
+                  Masc => mkN1 n } ;
+      _   => mkN1 n
+   } ; -- TODO: add more exceptional cases
+
+---------------------------------------------
+-- NP
+
+  BaseNP : Type = {
+    a : Agreement ;
+    isPron : Bool ;
+    sp : Str } ;
+
+  NounPhrase : Type = BaseNP ** {s : Case => Str} ;
+
+  useN : Noun -> CNoun ** BaseNP = \n -> n **
+    { mod = \\_,_ => [] ; hasMod = False ;
+      a = Sg3 n.g ; isPron = False ; sp = []
+    } ;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Pronouns
+-- De somaliska possessiva pronomenen, precis som de svenska, har två olika genusformer i singular och en enda form i plural.
+--  ägaren då det ägda föremålet är
+--  m.sg. f.sg.plural
+--  kayga tayda kuwayga
+--  kaaga taada kuwaaga
+--  kiisa tiisa kuwiisa
+--  keeda teeda kuweeda
+--
+--  kaayaga taayada kuwayaga (1 pl. exkl.)
+--  keenna teenna kuweenna (1 pl. inkl.)
+--  kiinna tiinna kuwiinna
+--  kooda tooda kuwooda
+  Pronoun : Type = NounPhrase ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Det, Quant, Card, Ord
+  Quant : Type = SS ; ---- TODO
+
+  Determiner : Type = {
+    s : Case => Str ;
+   sp : Gender => Case => Str ;
+    d : NForm
+    } ;
+
+  mkDeterminer : (x1,_,x3 : Str) -> NForm -> Determiner = \an,kani,tani,nf ->
+    let ani : Str = case an of { _ + #c => an+"i" ;
+                                 _      => case nf of { Def _ _ => "u" ;
+                                                        _       => [] }
+                               } ;
+        bind : Str -> Str = \x -> case x of { "" => [] ;  _ => BIND ++ x } ;
+    in { s = table { Nom => bind ani ; Abs => bind an } ;
+        sp = table { Fem => table { Nom => tani ; Abs => init tani } ;
+                     Masc => table { Nom => kani ; Abs => init kani }
+                   } ;
+         d = nf
+       } ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Prepositions
+
+-- Prepositionen u dras obligatoriskt samman med föregående pronomen
+-- så att /a/ + /u/ > /oo/.
+
+  Prep : Type = {s : Agreement => Str} ;
+
+  mkPrep : (x1,_,_,_,_,x6 : Str) -> Prep = \ku,ii,kuu,noo,idiin,loo -> {
+    s = table {
+          Sg1      => ii ;
+          Sg2      => kuu ;
+          Pl2      => idiin ;
+          Pl1 Excl => noo ;
+          Pl1 Incl => "i" + noo ;
+          Impers   => loo ;
+          _        => ku
+        }
+    } ;
+
+  prepTable : Preposition => Prep = table {
+    ku => mkPrep "ku" "igu" "kugu" "nagu" "idinku" "lagu" ;
+    ka => mkPrep "ka" "iga" "kaa" "naga" "idinka" "laga" ;
+    la => mkPrep "la" "ila" "kula" "nala" "idinla" "lala" ;
+    u  => mkPrep "u" "ii" "kuu" "noo" "idiin" "loo" ;
+    noPrep => mkPrep [] "i" "ku" "na" "idin" "la"
+  } ;
+
+  prepCombTable : Agreement => PrepCombination => Str = table {
+    Sg1 => table { ugu => "iigu" ; uga => "iiga" ;
+                   ula => "iila" ; kaga => "igaga" ;
+                   kula => "igula" ; kala => "igala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Sg1 } ;
+    Sg2 => table { ugu => "kuugu" ; uga => "kaaga" ;
+                   ula => "kuula" ; kaga => "kaaga" ;
+                   kula => "kugula" ; kala => "kaala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Sg2 } ;
+    Pl1 Excl =>
+           table { ugu => "noogu" ; uga => "nooga" ;
+                   ula => "noola" ; kaga => "nagaga" ;
+                   kula => "nagula" ; kala => "nagala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Pl1 Excl } ;
+    Pl1 Incl =>
+           table { ugu => "inoogu" ; uga => "inooga" ;
+                   ula => "inoola" ; kaga => "inagaga" ;
+                   kula => "inagula" ; kala => "inagala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Pl1 Incl } ;
+
+    Pl2 => table { ugu => "idiinku" ; uga => "idiinka" ;
+                   ula => "idiinla" ; kaga => "idinkaga" ;
+                   kula => "idinkula" ; kala => "idinkala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Pl2 } ;
+    Impers =>
+           table { ugu => "loogu" ; uga => "looga" ;
+                   ula => "loola" ; kaga => "lagaga" ;
+                   kula => "lagula" ; kala => "lagala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! Impers } ;
+--
+    a   => table { ugu => "ugu" ; uga => "uga" ;
+                   ula => "ula" ; kaga => "kaga" ;
+                   kula => "kula" ; kala => "kala" ;
+                   Single p => (prepTable ! p).s ! a }
+  } ;
+
+-- TODO: Negationen má `inte' skrivs samman med en föregående preposition.
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Adjectives
+
+-- Sequences of adjectives follow the rules for restrictive relatives clauses, i.e. are linked by oo 'and' on an indefinite head NounPhrase and by ee 'and' on a definite NounPhrase (8.1).
+
+ -- Komparativ
+ -- För att uttrycka motsvarigheten till svenskans komparativ placerar man på somaliska helt enkelt prepositionen ká 'från, av, än' framför adjektivet i fråga. Adjektivet får ingen ändelse.
+ -- Shan waa ay ká yar tahay siddéed. Fem är mindre än åtta.
+ -- Superlativ
+ -- Motsvarigheten till svenskans superlativ bildas med prepositionsklustret ugú som till sin betydelse närmast motsvarar svenskans allra, t.ex.
+ -- ugu horrayntii (det att komma) allra först
+
+  Adjective : Type = { s : AForm => Str } ;
+  Adjective2 : Type = Adjective ** { c2 : Preposition } ;
+
+  mkAdj : Str -> Adjective = \yar ->
+    let yaryar = duplicate yar
+    in { s = table {
+           AF Sg Abs => yar ;
+           AF Pl Abs => yaryar ;
+           AF Sg Nom => yar + "i" ;
+           AF Pl Nom => yaryar + "i" }
+       } ;
+
+  duplicate : Str -> Str = \yar -> case yar of {
+    "dheer" => "dhaadheer" ;
+    "weyn"  => "waaweyn" ; -- TODO eventually handle irregular adjectives elsewhere
+    y@#c + a@#v + r@#c + _ => y + a + r + yar ;
+    g@#c + aa@#vv      + _ => g + aa + yar ; --TODO: proper patterns
+    _                      => yar + ":plural" } ;
+
+  AdjPhrase : Type = Adjective ;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Verbs
+
+  Verb : Type = {s : VForm => Str} ;
+  Verb2 : Type = Verb ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
+  Verb3 : Type = Verb2 ** {c3 : Preposition} ;
+
+  -- Saeed page 79:
+  -- "… the reference form is the imperative singular form
+  -- since it corresponds to the form of the basic root."
+  mkVerb : (x1,x2 : Str) -> Verb = \ark,qaat ->
+    let stems : {p1 : Str ; p2 : Str} = case ark of {
+          a + r@#c + k@#c => <ark + "i", a + r + a + voiced k> ;
+          yar + "ee"      => <ark + "n", yar + "ey"> ;
+          _               => <ark + "n", ark> } ;
+        arki = stems.p1 ;
+        arag = stems.p2 ;
+        arkin = case last arki of { "n" => arki ; _ => arki + "n" } ;
+        t : Str = case arag of {
+               _ + ("i"|"y") => "s" ;
+               _             => "t" } ;
+        ay : Str = case ark of {
+               _ + ("i"|"e") => "ey" ;
+               _             => "ay" } ;
+        n : Str = case arag of {
+               _ + #v => "nn" ;
+               _      => "n" } ;
+   in { s = table {
+          VPres (Sg1|Sg3 Masc) pol
+                        => qaat + if_then_Pol pol "aa" "o" ;
+          VPres (Sg2|Sg3 Fem) pol
+                        => arag + t + if_then_Pol pol "aa" "o" ;
+          VPres (Pl1 _) pol
+                        => arag + n + if_then_Pol pol "aa" "o"  ;
+          VPres Pl2 pol => arag + t + "aan" ;
+          VPres Pl3 pol => qaat + "aan" ;
+
+          VPast (Sg1|Sg3 Masc)
+                        => qaat + ay ;
+          VPast (Sg2|Sg3 Fem)
+                        => arag + t + ay ;
+          VPast (Pl1 _) => arag + n + ay ;
+          VPast Pl2     => arag + t + "een" ; -- kari+seen, (sug|joogsa|qaada)+teen
+          VPast Pl3     => qaat + "een" ;
+
+          VImp Sg          => arag ;
+          VImp Pl          => qaat + "a" ; -- TODO: allomorphs, page 86 in Saeed
+          VInf             => arki ;
+          VNegPast         => arkin ;
+          _  => "TODO" }
+      } ;
+
+-------------------------
+-- Regular verb paradigms
+
+  cSug, cKari, cYaree, cJoogso, cQaado : Str -> Verb ;
+
+  cSug sug = mkVerb sug sug ; -- TODO: stem/dictionary form of verbs with consonant clusters?
+
+  cKari, cYaree = \kari -> mkVerb kari (kari+"y") ;
+
+  cJoogso joogso =
+    let joogsa = init joogso + "a" ;
+     in mkVerb joogsa (joogsa + "d") ;
+
+  cQaado qaado =
+    let qaa = drop 2 qaado
+     in mkVerb (qaa + "da") (qaa + "t") ;
+
+------------------
+-- Irregular verbs
+
+  copula : Verb = {
+    s = table {
+          VPres Sg1 pol    => if_then_Pol pol "ahay" "ihi" ;
+          VPres Sg2 pol    => if_then_Pol pol "tahay" "ihid" ;
+          VPres (Sg3 Masc|Impers) pol => if_then_Pol pol "yahay" "aha" ;
+          VPres (Sg3 Fem)  pol => if_then_Pol pol "tahay" "aha" ;
+          VPres (Pl1 _) pol => if_then_Pol pol "nahay" "ihin" ;
+          VPres Pl2 pol     => if_then_Pol pol "tihiin" "ihidin" ;
+          VPres Pl3 pol     => if_then_Pol pol "yihiin" "aha" ;
+
+          VPast (Sg1|Sg3 Masc|Impers)
+                          => "ahaa" ;
+          VPast (Sg2|Sg3 Fem)
+                          => "ahayd" ;
+          VPast (Pl1 _)   => "ahayn" ;
+          VPast Pl2       => "ahaydeen" ;
+          VPast Pl3       => "ahaayeen" ;
+          VNegPast        => "ahi" ;
+          VRel => "ah" ;
+          _    => "TODO:copula" }
+     } ;
+   -- I somaliskan används inte något kopulaverb motsvarande svenskans är mellan
+   -- två substantivfraser som utgör subjekt respektive predikatsfyllnad.
+   -- Observera också att kopulaverbet vara alltid hamnar efter det adjektiv
+   -- som utgör predikatsfyllnaden.
+  have_V : Verb = {
+    s = table {
+          VPres Sg1 _      => "leeyahay" ;
+          VPres Sg2 _      => "leedahay" ;
+          VPres (Sg3 Fem) _ => "leedahay" ;
+          VPres (Sg3 Masc)_ => "leeyahay" ;
+          VPres (Pl1 _) _  => "leenahay" ;
+          VPres Pl2     _  => "leedihiin" ;
+          VPres Pl3     _  => "leeyihiin" ;
+          VPast x          => "l" + copula.s ! VPast x ;
+          VRel => "leh" ;
+          _    => "TODO:have_V" } ;
+    } ;
+-- Till VERBFRASEN ansluter sig
+-- · satstypsmarkörer (waa, ma...),
+-- · subjekts-pronomenet la man,
+-- · objektspronomenen,
+-- · prepositionerna och
+-- · riktnings-adverben soó (mot en plats/person), sií (bort frånen plats/person), wadá tillsammans (mot en gemensam punkt), kalá iväg, isär (bort från en gemensam punkt).
+-- Riktningsadverben har ibland en mycket konkret betydelse, men många gånger är betydelsen mera abstrakt.
+
+-- Till satsmarkörerna, dvs. både fokusmarkörerna och satstypsmarkörerna ansluter sig
+-- subjektspronomenen aan, aad, uu, ay, aynu, men inte la (man).
+
+------------------
+-- VP
+  Adverb : Type = {s,s2 : Str} ;
+
+  Complement : Type = {
+    comp : Agreement => {p1,p2 : Str} -- Agreement for AP complements
+    } ;
+
+  VerbPhrase : Type = Verb ** Complement ** {
+    isPred : Bool ;      -- to choose right sentence type marker
+    adv : Adverb ;          -- they're ~complicated~
+    c2, c3 : Preposition -- can combine together and with object pronouns
+    } ;
+
+  VPSlash : Type = VerbPhrase ; ---- TODO more fields
+
+  useV : Verb -> VerbPhrase = \v -> v ** {
+    comp = \\_ => <[],[]> ;
+    isPred = False ;
+    adv = {s,s2 = []} ;
+    c2,c3 = noPrep ;
+    } ;
+
+  compl : NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Str = \np,vp ->
+    prepCombTable ! np.a ! combine vp.c2 vp.c3 ;
+
+  complV2 : NounPhrase -> Verb2 -> Str = \np,vp ->
+      prepCombTable ! np.a ! combine vp.c2 noPrep ;
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- Sentences etc.
+  Clause : Type = {s : Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => Str} ;
+  RClause,
+  ClSlash,
+  Sentence : Type = SS ; ---- TODO
+
+  vf : Tense -> Anteriority -> Polarity -> Agreement -> Verb
+    -> {fin : Str ; inf : Str} = \t,ant,p,agr,vp ->
+     let pastV : Verb -> Str = \v ->
+           case p of { Neg => v.s ! VNegPast ;
+                       Pos => v.s ! VPast agr } ;
+         presV : Verb -> Str = \v -> v.s ! VPres agr p ;
+     in case <t,ant> of {
+       <Pres,Simul> => {fin = presV vp      ; inf = [] } ;
+       <Pres,Anter> => {fin = presV copula  ; inf = vp.s ! VInf } ; ---- just guessing
+       <Past,Simul> => {fin = pastV vp      ; inf = [] } ;
+       <Past,Anter> => {fin = pastV copula  ; inf = vp.s ! VInf } ; ---- TODO: habitual aspect
+       <_Fut,Simul>  => {fin = presV copula ; inf = vp.s ! VFut} ;
+       <_Fut,Anter>  => {fin = pastV copula ; inf = vp.s ! VFut}
+       -- <Cond,Simul> => {fin = ? ; inf = ?} ; -- TODO conditional
+       -- <Cond,Anter> => {fin = ? ; inf = ?}   -- TODO conditional
+       } ;
+
+  stmarker : Agreement => Polarity => Str = \\a,b =>
+    let stm = if_then_Pol b "w" "m"
+     in stm + subjpron ! a ;
+
+  stmarkerNoContr : Agreement => Polarity => Str = \\a,b =>
+    let stm = if_then_Pol b "waa" "ma"
+     in stm ++ subjpron ! a ;
+
+  subjpron : Agreement => Str = table {
+    Sg1|Pl1 _ => "aan" ;
+    Sg2|Pl2   => "aad" ;
+    Sg3 Masc  => "uu" ;
+    _         => "ay" } ;
+
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+-- linrefs
+
+oper
+  linVP : VerbPhrase -> Str = \vp -> vp.s ! VInf ; ----
+  linCN : CNoun -> Str = \cn -> cn.s ! IndefNom ;
+}

src/somali/SentenceSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+concrete SentenceSom of Sentence = CatSom ** open
+  TenseX, ResSom, (AS=AdverbSom), Prelude in {
+
+flags optimize=all_subs ;
+
+lin
+
+--2 Clauses
+
+  -- : NP -> VP -> Cl
+  PredVP np vp = {
+    s = \\t,a,p =>
+       let pred : {fin : Str ; inf : Str} = vf t a p np.a vp ;
+           subj : Str = if_then_Str np.isPron [] (np.s ! Nom) ;
+           obj  : {p1,p2 : Str} = vp.comp ! np.a ;
+           stm : Str =
+            case <p,vp.isPred,np.a> of {
+                 <Pos,True,Sg3 _> => "waa" ;
+                -- _                => stmarker ! np.a ! b } -- marker+pronoun contract
+                 _ => case <np.isPron,p> of {
+                        <True,Pos> => "waa" ++ np.s ! Nom ; -- to force some string from NP to show in the tree
+                        <True,Neg> => "ma"  ++ np.s ! Nom ;
+                        <False>    => stmarkerNoContr ! np.a ! p }} ;
+      in subj         -- subject if it's a noun
+      ++ obj.p1       -- object if it's a noun
+      ++ stm          -- sentence type marker + possible subj. pronoun
+      ++ vp.adv.s   ---- TODO: can it contract with obj. pronoun?
+      ++ obj.p2       -- object if it's a pronoun
+      ++ pred.fin     -- the verb inflected
+      ++ pred.inf     -- potential participle
+      ++ vp.adv.s2  ---- I have no idea /IL
+    } ;
+{-
+  -- : SC -> VP -> Cl ;         -- that she goes is good
+  PredSCVP sc vp = ;
+
+--2 Clauses missing object noun phrases
+  -- : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash ;
+  SlashVP np vps = ;
+
+  -- : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash ;     -- (whom) he sees today
+  AdvSlash cls adv = cls ** insertAdv adv cls ;
+
+--    SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash ;         -- (with whom) he walks
+
+  -- : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) she says that he loves
+--  SlashVS np vs ss = {} ;
+
+
+  --  : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash ; -- (that) she had not seen
+  UseSlash t p cls = UseCl t p (PredVP he_Pron cls) ;
+
+--2 Imperatives
+  -- : VP -> Imp ;
+ ImpVP vp = { s = linVP vp } ;
+
+--2 Embedded sentences
+
+
+  -- : S  -> SC ;
+  EmbedS s = { } ;
+
+  -- : QS -> SC ;
+  EmbedQS qs = { } ;
+
+  -- : VP -> SC ;
+  EmbedVP vp = { s = linVP vp } ;
+
+--2 Sentences
+
+-}
+  -- : Temp -> Pol -> Cl -> S ;
+  UseCl temp pol cl = { s = cl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p } ;
+{-
+  -- : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ;
+  UseRCl temp pol cl = { s = cl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p } ;
+
+  -- : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ;
+  UseQCl temp pol qcl = { s = qcl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p } ;
+
+-- An adverb can be added to the beginning of a sentence, either with comma ("externally")
+-- or without:
+
+  -- : Adv -> S  -> S ;            -- then I will go home
+  AdvS = advS ;
+
+  -- : Adv -> S  -> S ;            -- next week, I will go home
+  ExtAdvS adv = advS {s = adv.s ++ SOFT_BIND ++ ","}  ;
+
+-- There's an SubjS already in AdverbSom -- should this be deprecated?
+  -- : S -> Subj -> S -> S ;
+  SSubjS s1 subj s2 = AdvS (AE.SubjS subj s2) s1 ;
+
+-- A sentence can be modified by a relative clause referring to its contents.
+
+  --  : S -> RS -> S ;              -- she sleeps, which is good
+  RelS sent rs = advS { s = rs.s ! Sg3 Masc ++ SOFT_BIND ++ ","} sent ;
+
+oper
+
+  advS : Adv -> SS -> SS = \a,s -> {s = a.s ++ s.s} ;
+-}
+}

src/somali/StructuralSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,195 @@
+concrete StructuralSom of Structural = CatSom **
+  open Prelude, ResSom, (N=NounSom), ParadigmsSom in {
+
+-------
+-- Ad*
+{-
+lin almost_AdA = mkAdA "" ;
+lin almost_AdN = ss "" ;
+lin at_least_AdN = ss "" ;
+lin at_most_AdN = ss "" ;
+lin so_AdA = ss "" ;
+lin too_AdA = ss "" ;
+lin very_AdA = mkAdA "" ;
+
+lin as_CAdv = { s = "" ; p = [] } ;
+lin less_CAdv = { s = "" ; p = [] } ;
+lin more_CAdv = { s = "" ; p = [] } ;
+
+lin how_IAdv = ss "" ;
+lin how8much_IAdv = ss "" ;
+lin when_IAdv = ss "" ;
+lin where_IAdv = ss "" ;
+lin why_IAdv = ss "" ;
+
+lin always_AdV = ss "" ;
+
+lin everywhere_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin here7from_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin here7to_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin here_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin quite_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin somewhere_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin there7from_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin there7to_Adv = ss "" ;
+lin there_Adv = ss "" ;
+
+-}
+-------
+-- Conj
+
+lin and_Conj = {s1 = "oo" ; s2 = [] ; n = Pl} ;
+lin or_Conj = {s1 = "ama" ; s2 = [] ; n = Sg} ; -- mise with interrogatives
+-- lin if_then_Conj = mkConj
+-- lin both7and_DConj = mkConj "" "" pl ;
+-- lin either7or_DConj = mkConj "" "" pl ;
+--
+-- lin but_PConj = ss "" ;
+-- lin otherwise_PConj = ss "" ;
+-- lin therefore_PConj = ss "" ;
+
+
+-----------------
+-- *Det and Quant
+{-
+lin how8many_IDet = R.indefDet "" pl ;
+
+--TODO: fix predets in NounSom, figure out whether Predet should inflect
+lin all_Predet = { s = "" } ;
+lin not_Predet = { s = "" } ;
+lin only_Predet = { s = "" } ;
+lin most_Predet = { s = "" } ;
+
+lin every_Det = R.defDet [] pl **
+                 { s = mkVow } ;
+lin few_Det = R.indefDet "" pl ;
+lin many_Det = R.indefDet "" pl ;
+lin much_Det = R.indefDet "" sg ;
+lin somePl_Det = R.indefDet "" pl ;
+lin someSg_Det = R.indefDet "" sg ;
+
+lin no_Quant = mkPrep no_Quant
+
+lin that_Quant = R.defDet [] sg ** { s = R.quantHori } ;
+lin this_Quant = R.defDet [] sg ** { s = R.quantHau } ;
+lin which_IQuant = R.defDet "" sg ** { s = R.artDef } ;
+
+
+-----
+-- NP
+
+lin everybody_NP = defNP "" N.NumPl ;
+lin everything_NP = defNP "" N.NumSg ;
+lin nobody_NP = mkVerb; ""
+lin nothing_NP = defNP "" N.NumSg ;
+lin somebody_NP = defNP "" N.NumSg ;
+lin something_NP = defNP "" N.NumSg ;
+
+oper
+ defNP : Str -> Num -> NP = {} ;
+-}
+
+-------
+-- Prep
+
+-- lin above_Prep = mkPrep "" ;
+-- lin after_Prep = mkPrep "" ;
+-- lin before_Prep = mkPrep "" ;
+-- lin behind_Prep = mkPrep ""  ;
+-- lin between_Prep = mkPrep ""  ;
+-- lin by8agent_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin by8means_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin during_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin except_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin for_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin from_Prep = mkPrep "" ;
+-- lin in8front_Prep = mkPrep ""  ;
+lin in_Prep = prepTable ! ku ;
+lin on_Prep = prepTable ! ku ;
+-- lin part_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin possess_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin through_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin to_Prep = mkPrep ;
+-- lin under_Prep = mkPrep ""   ;
+lin with_Prep = prepTable ! la ;
+-- lin without_Prep = mkPrep ;
+
+
+-------
+-- Pron
+
+-- Pronouns are closed class, no constructor in ParadigmsSom.
+
+    i_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "aan" ; Abs => "i"} ;
+      a = Sg1 ; isPron = True ; sp = "aniga" ;
+      } ;
+    youSg_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "aad" ; Abs => "ku"} ;
+      a = Sg2 ; isPron = True ; sp = "adiga" ;
+      } ;
+    he_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "uu" ; Abs => []} ;
+      a = Sg3 Masc ; isPron = True ; sp = "isaga" ;
+      } ;
+    she_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "ay" ; Abs => []} ;
+      a = Sg3 Fem ; isPron = True ; sp = "iyada" ;
+      } ;
+    we_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "aan" ; Abs => "na"} ;
+      a = Pl1 Incl ; isPron = True ; sp = "innaga" ;
+      } ;
+    youPl_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "aad" ; Abs => "idin"} ;
+      a =  Pl2 ; isPron = True ; sp = "idinka" ;
+      } ;
+    they_Pron = {
+      s = table {Nom => "ay" ; Abs => []} ;
+      a = Pl3 ; isPron = True ; sp = "iyaga" ;
+      } ;
+{-
+lin whatPl_IP = ;
+lin whatSg_IP = ;
+lin whoPl_IP = ;
+lin whoSg_IP = ;
+
+
+
+
+-------
+-- Subj
+
+lin although_Subj = mkSubj "" False ;
+lin because_Subj  = mkSubj "" False ;
+lin if_Subj = mkSubj "" True ;
+lin that_Subj = mkSubj "" False ;
+lin when_Subj = mkSubj "" False ;
+
+
+-}
+------
+-- Utt
+
+lin language_title_Utt = ss "af soomaali" ;
+lin no_Utt = ss "ma" ;
+lin yes_Utt = ss "yes" ;
+
+
+-------
+-- Verb
+
+lin have_V2 = mkV2 have_V noPrep ;
+{-
+lin can8know_VV = mkV "" ; -- can (capacity)
+lin can_VV = mkV "" ;      -- can (possibility)
+lin must_VV = mkV "" ;
+lin want_VV = mkV "" ;
+
+
+------
+-- Voc
+
+lin please_Voc = ss "" ;
+-}
+}

src/somali/SymbolSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../prelude
+
+concrete SymbolSom of Symbol = CatSom **
+  open Prelude, ParadigmsSom, ResSom, (NS=NounSom) in {
+
+lin
+
+  --  : Symb -> PN ;                -- x
+  SymbPN i = mkPN i.s ;
+
+  -- : Int -> PN ;                 -- 27
+  IntPN i  = mkPN i.s ;
+
+  -- : Float -> PN ;               -- 3.14159
+  FloatPN i = mkPN i.s ;
+
+  -- : Card -> PN ;                -- twelve [as proper name]
+  NumPN i = mkPN i.s ;
+
+{-
+lin
+--  CNIntNP cn i = {} ;
+
+  -- : Det -> CN -> [Symb] -> NP ; -- (the) (2) numbers x and y
+  CNSymbNP det cn xs =
+    let cnSymb = cn ** { comp = cn.comp ++ xs.s }
+     in NS.DetCN det cnSymb ;
+
+  -- : CN -> Card -> NP ;          -- level five ; level 5
+  CNNumNP cn i = NS.MassNP (cn ** { comp = cn.comp ++ i.s }) ;
+
+  -- : Symb -> S ;
+  SymbS sy = {s = } ;
+  -- : Symb -> Card ;
+  SymbNum sy = { s = sy.s ; n = Pl } ;
+
+  -- : Symb -> Ord ;
+  SymbOrd sy = { s =} ;
+-}
+lincat
+  Symb, [Symb] = SS ;
+
+lin
+  MkSymb s = s ;
+
+  BaseSymb = infixSS "oo" ;
+  ConsSymb = infixSS "," ;
+
+
+}

src/somali/VerbSom.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,142 @@
+concrete VerbSom of Verb = CatSom ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
+
+
+lin
+
+-----
+-- VP
+
+  UseV = ResSom.useV ;
+{-
+  -- : VV  -> VP -> VP ;
+  ComplVV vv vp =  ;
+
+
+  -- : VS  -> S  -> VP ;
+  ComplVS vs s = ;
+
+  -- : VQ -> QS -> VP ;
+  ComplVQ vq qs = ;
+
+  -- : VA -> AP -> VP ;  -- they become red
+  ComplVA va ap = ResSom.insertComp (CompAP ap).s (useV va) ;
+
+
+--------
+-- Slash
+
+  -- : V2 -> VPSlash
+  SlashV2a = ResSom.slashDObj ;
+
+
+  -- : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash ; -- give it (to her)
+  Slash2V3 v3 npNori = slashDObj v3 **
+    { iobj = { s = npNori.s ! Dat ;
+               agr = npNori.agr }
+    } ;
+
+  -- : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash ; -- give (it) to her
+  Slash3V3 v3 npNor = slashIObj v3 **
+    { dobj = npNor ** { s = mkDObj npNor }
+    } ;
+
+
+  -- : V2V -> VP -> VPSlash ;  -- beg (her) to go
+  SlashV2V v2v vp = ;
+
+
+  -- : V2S -> S  -> VPSlash ;  -- answer (to him) that it is good
+  SlashV2S v2s s = ;
+
+  -- : V2Q -> QS -> VPSlash ;  -- ask (him) who came
+  SlashV2Q v2q qs = ;
+
+  -- : V2A -> AP -> VPSlash ;  -- paint (it) red
+  SlashV2A v2a ap = slashDObj v2a **
+    { comp = (CompAP ap).s } ;
+
+
+  -- : VPSlash -> NP -> VP
+  ComplSlash vps np = ResSom.complSlash vps np ;
+
+
+  -- : VV  -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;
+                  -- Just like ComplVV except missing subject!
+  SlashVV vv vps = ComplVV vv vps ** { missing = vps.missing ;
+                                       post = vps.post } ;
+
+  -- : V2V -> NP -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ; -- beg me to buy
+  SlashV2VNP v2v np vps =
+    ComplVV v2v vps **
+      { missing = vps.missing ;
+        post = vps.post ;
+        iobj = np ** { s = np.s ! Dat } } ;
+
+--2 Other ways of forming verb phrases
+
+-- Verb phrases can also be constructed reflexively and from
+-- copula-preceded complements.
+
+  -- : VPSlash -> VP ;
+  ReflVP vps = ;
+-}
+  -- : Comp -> VP ;
+  UseComp comp = UseCopula ** comp ** {
+    isPred = True
+    } ;
+{-
+  --  : V2 -> VP ;               -- be loved
+  PassV2 v2 =
+
+  -- : VP -> Adv -> VP ;  -- sleep here
+  AdvVP vp adv = vp ** {adv = adv} ; ---- TODO: how about combining adverbs?
+
+  -- : VP -> Adv -> VP ;  -- sleep , even though ...
+  ExtAdvVP vp adv =  ;
+
+  -- : AdV -> VP -> VP ;  -- always sleep
+  AdVVP adv vp = vp ** {adv = adv} ;
+
+  -- : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash ;  -- use (it) here
+  AdvVPSlash vps adv = vps ** { adv = vps.adv ++ adv.s } ;
+
+  -- : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;  -- always use (it)
+  AdVVPSlash adv vps = vps ** { adv = adv.s ++ vps.adv } ;
+-}
+  -- : VP -> Prep -> VPSlash ;  -- live in (it)
+  -- NB. We need possibly a MissingArg kind of solution here too
+  -- VPSlashPrep vp prep = vp **
+  --   { c2 = case vp.c2 of { noPrep => prep.prep ;
+  --                          x      => x }} ;
+
+
+
+
+--2 Complements to copula
+
+-- Adjectival phrases, noun phrases, and adverbs can be used.
+
+  -- the house is big
+  -- the houses are big
+  -- I am [a house that sleeps here]
+  -- we are [houses that sleep here]
+
+  -- : AP  -> Comp ;
+  CompAP ap = {
+    comp = \\a => <[], ap.s ! AF (getNum a) Abs> ;
+    } ;
+{-}
+  -- : CN  -> Comp ;
+  CompCN cn = { } ;
+
+  --  NP  -> Comp ;
+  CompNP np = {  } ;
+
+  -- : Adv  -> Comp ;
+  CompAdv adv = {  } ;
+
+-}
+  -- : VP -- Copula alone;
+  UseCopula = useV copula ;
+
+}