diff --git a/doc/DocExtend.hs b/doc/DocExtend.hs index bbaecf34..cd543477 100644 --- a/doc/DocExtend.hs +++ b/doc/DocExtend.hs @@ -1,3 +1,8 @@ +module Main where + +import Data.List +import Data.Ord (comparing) + main = docExtend docExtend = do @@ -22,13 +27,15 @@ docExtend = do --- mapM print fundefs -- read the functor exclusion lists for each language - let langs = [("Eng","english"),("Dut","dutch"),("Spa","spanish")] --,("Swe","swedish")] + let langs = [("Eng","english"),("Dut","dutch"),("Spa","spanish"),("Swe","swedish")] funss <- mapM getExclusions langs - mapM_ print funss + --- mapM_ print funss let langfuns = zip (map fst langs) funss let funlangs = [(fu,[lang | (lang,fs) <- langfuns, elem fu fs]) | fu:_ <- funs] let fundeflangs = [[fu,ty,co,de,unwords ls] | fu:ty:co:de:_ <- fundefs, (f,ls) <- funlangs, f==fu] - mapM print fundeflangs + --- mapM print fundeflangs + writeFile "GF-RGL-Extend.html" $ printHTML $ sortBy (comparing (\z -> (last (words (z !! 1)), z!!0))) fundeflangs + putStrLn "wrote file GF-RGL-Extend.html" -- exclusion format: -- concrete ExtendEng of Extend = @@ -42,4 +49,17 @@ getExclusions (lan,language) = do let excls = case dropWhile (/=["["]) rs of [] -> [] _:es -> map (filter (/=',')) $ concat $ takeWhile (/= ["]"]) es - return excls \ No newline at end of file + return excls + +printHTML fs = unlines $ + "" : + "" : + "" : + map prRow fs ++ [ + "
", + "", + "" + ] + where + prRow ss = concat $ "" : ["" ++ s ++ "" | s <- ss] ++ [""] + diff --git a/src/Make.hs b/src/Make.hs index f3e65ca4..b47f6a4f 100644 --- a/src/Make.hs +++ b/src/Make.hs @@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ langsCoding = [ (("afrikaans","Afr"),""), (("amharic", "Amh"),""), (("arabic", "Ara"),""), + (("basque", "Eus"),""), (("bulgarian","Bul"),""), (("catalan", "Cat"),"Romance"), (("chinese", "Chi"),""), @@ -86,13 +87,13 @@ langsIncomplete = ["Amh","Ara","Heb","Lat","Tur","Thb"] langsAPI = langsLang `except` langsIncomplete -- languages for which to compile Symbolic -langsSymbolic = langsLang `except` (langsIncomplete ++ ["Afr","Ina","Jpn","Nep","Pnb","Snd", "Thb"]) +langsSymbolic = langsLang `except` (langsIncomplete ++ ["Afr","Ina","Nep","Pnb","Snd", "Thb"]) -- languages for which to compile minimal Syntax langsMinimal = langs `only` ["Ara","Eng","Bul","Rus"] -- languages for which to run treebank test -langsTest = langsLang `except` ["Ara","Bul","Cat","Hin","Lav","Rus","Spa","Tha","Thb"] +langsTest = langsLang `except` ["Ara","Bul","Cat","Eus","Hin","Lav","Rus","Spa","Tha","Thb"] -- languages for which to run demo test langsDemo = langsLang `except` ["Ara","Hin","Ina","Lat","Lav","Tha","Thb"] diff --git a/src/abstract/Extend.gf b/src/abstract/Extend.gf index 00d60b09..26da22e7 100644 --- a/src/abstract/Extend.gf +++ b/src/abstract/Extend.gf @@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ abstract Extend = Cat ** { GenModNP : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ; -- this man's car(s) GenModIP : Num -> IP -> CN -> IP ; -- whose car(s) - CompBareCN : CN -> Comp ; -- (est) professeur + CompBareCN : CN -> Comp ; -- (is) teacher StrandQuestSlash : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl ; -- whom does John live with StrandRelSlash : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl ; -- that he lives in @@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ abstract Extend = Cat ** { ComplVPI2 : VPI2 -> NP -> VPI ; -- to love and hate that person fun - ProDrop : Pron -> Pron ; -- unstressed subject pronoun becomes []: "(io) sono stanco" + ProDrop : Pron -> Pron ; -- unstressed subject pronoun becomes empty: "am tired" ICompAP : AP -> IComp ; -- "how old" IAdvAdv : Adv -> IAdv ; -- "how often" @@ -192,18 +192,20 @@ abstract Extend = Cat ** { -- Romance DetNPFem : Det -> NP ; - iFem_Pron : Pron ; -- je (suis vieille) - youFem_Pron : Pron ; -- tu (es vieille) - weFem_Pron : Pron ; -- nous (sommes vieilles) - youPlFem_Pron : Pron ; -- vous (êtes vieilles) - theyFem_Pron : Pron ; -- elles (sont vieilles) - youPolFem_Pron : Pron ; -- vous (êtes vieille) + iFem_Pron : Pron ; -- I (Fem) + youFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you (Fem) + weFem_Pron : Pron ; -- we (Fem) + youPlFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you plural (Fem) + theyFem_Pron : Pron ; -- they (Fem) + youPolFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you polite (Fem) + youPolPl_Pron : Pron ; -- you polite plural (Masc) + youPolPlFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you polite plural (Fem) -- German UttAccNP : NP -> Utt ; -- him (accusative) UttDatNP : NP -> Utt ; -- him (dative) - UttAccIP : NP -> Utt ; -- whom (accusative) - UttDatIP : NP -> Utt ; -- whom (dative) + UttAccIP : IP -> Utt ; -- whom (accusative) + UttDatIP : IP -> Utt ; -- whom (dative) } diff --git a/src/api/CombinatorsEus.gf b/src/api/CombinatorsEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c550f191 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/api/CombinatorsEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,7 @@ +--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude:../basque + +resource CombinatorsEus = Combinators with + (Cat = CatEus), + (Structural = StructuralEus), + (Noun = NounEus), + (Constructors = ConstructorsEus) ** {} ; diff --git a/src/api/ConstructorsEus.gf b/src/api/ConstructorsEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..847f0fb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/api/ConstructorsEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude + +resource ConstructorsEus = Constructors with (Grammar = GrammarEus) ** open MissingEus in {} ; diff --git a/src/api/SymbolicEus.gf b/src/api/SymbolicEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..69885e2f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/api/SymbolicEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +--# -path=.:../basque:../common:../abstract:../prelude + +resource SymbolicEus = Symbolic with + (Symbol = SymbolEus), + (Grammar = GrammarEus) ; diff --git a/src/api/SyntaxEus.gf b/src/api/SyntaxEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fb1af0a2 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/api/SyntaxEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,5 @@ +--# -path=.:alltenses:prelude + +instance SyntaxEus of Syntax = + ConstructorsEus, CatEus, StructuralEus, CombinatorsEus ; + diff --git a/src/api/TryEus.gf b/src/api/TryEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..0a0eec2e --- /dev/null +++ b/src/api/TryEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,3 @@ +--# -path=.:../basque:../common:../abstract:../prelude + +resource TryEus = SyntaxEus, LexiconEus, ParadigmsEus - [mkAdv,mkAdN,mkDet,mkQuant,mkPConj] ; diff --git a/src/basque/AditzTrinkoak.gf b/src/basque/AditzTrinkoak.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7363973f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/AditzTrinkoak.gf @@ -0,0 +1,592 @@ +resource AditzTrinkoak = open Prelude, Predef, ParamEus in { + +-- Synthetic verbs are in this module + +-- I have not implemented allocutive forms. +-- For that I'd have to keep track of up to S whether there is somewhere a familiar 2nd person +-- (e.g. "I am afraid of you/your mother"; "You(r mother) is nice", "I gave an apple to you(r mother)"), +-- and that affects the verb form of a main clause, regardless who is subject/object there. + +oper + + VForms : Type = { indep : Str ; stem : Str } ; + + noVForm : VForms = { indep = Prelude.nonExist ; stem = Prelude.nonExist } ; + + -- Obs. this is pretty rough heuristic, use 2-argument version for good results + mkVForms = overload { + mkVForms : Str -> VForms = \du -> + let due : Str = case du of { + _ + "en" => init du ; -- zen / zen + _ + "gu" => du ; -- dugu / dugu+la + _ + "u" => du + "e" ; -- du / due+n + _ + "z" => du + "e" ; -- naiz / naize+n + _ + "un" => du + "a" ; -- dun / duna+la + _ + "uk" => init du + "a" ; -- duk / dua+la + x + "t" => x + "da" ; -- dut / duda+n + _ + "r" => du + "re" ; -- dator / datorre+n + -- _ + ("e"|"i"|"o"|"a") + -- => du ; -- dio / dio+n + + -- _ => du + "e" } + _ => du } + in { indep = du ; stem = due } ; + + mkVForms : (_,_ : Str) -> VForms = \dut,duda -> + { indep = dut ; stem = duda } ; + } ; + + IntransV : Type = Tense => Agr => VForms ; -- Agr = nori or nork + TransV : Type = Agr => IntransV ; -- Agr = nor + DitransV : Type = Agr => TransV ; -- Agr = nori + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ + + syntIntransVerb : AuxType -> IntransV = \val -> + case val of { + Da Izan => izanDa ; + Da Egon => egonDa ; + Da Joan => joanDa ; + Da Ibili => ibiliDa ; + Da Etorri => etorriDa ; + _ => Predef.error "Not an intransitive verb" + } ; + + syntTransVerb : AuxType -> TransV = \val -> + case val of { + Du Ukan => ukanDu ; + Du Jakin => jakinDu ; + Du Eduki => edukiDu ; + Zaio => ukanZaio ; + _ => Predef.error "Not a transitive verb" + } ; + +------------------------------------------------------------------------------ +-- General building blocks for the forms of ukan +-- All thanks to https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/36/Nor_Nori_Nork_taula_osoa.png + + norkUkanFirst : Agr => Str = table { -- Past, pot, cond etc. + Ni => "n" ; Gu => "gen" ; + Hi _ => "h" ; + Zu => "zen" ; Zuek => "zen" ; + Hau => "z" ; Hauek => "z" } ; + + norkUkanLast : Agr => Str = table { + Ni => "t" ; Gu => "gu" ; + Hi Masc => "k" ; Hi Fem => "n" ; + Zu => "zu" ; Zuek => "zue" ; + Hau => [] ; Hauek => "te" } ; + + norkUkanMid : Agr => Str = table { + Hi Masc => "a" ; Hi Fem => "na" ; + Ni => "da" ; x => norkUkanLast ! x } ; + + noriUkanLast : Agr => Str = table { + Hau => "o" ; x => norkUkanLast ! x } ; + + noriUkanMid : Agr => Str = table { + Hau => "o" ; Hauek => "e" ; + x => norkUkanMid ! x } ; + + norUkanPres : Agr => Str = table { + Ni => "nau" ; Gu => "gaitu" ; + Hi _ => "hau" ; + Zu => "zaitu" ; Zuek => "zaituzte" ; + Hau => "du" ; Hauek => "ditu" } ; + + norUkanNonpres : Agr => Str = table { + Ni => "nindu" ; Gu => "gintu" ; + Hi _ => "hindu" ; + Zu => "zintu" ; Zuek => "zintuzte" ; + Hau => nonExist ; Hauek => nonExist } ; -- formed separately + + norUkanCond : Agr => Str = table { + Zuek => "zintu" ; x => norUkanNonpres ! x } ; + +{- + ============================================================================= + Izan [NOR] + ============================================================================= +-} + + -- common copula + izanDa : IntransV = + table {Past => table {Ni => mkVForms "nintzen" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "hintzen" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zinen" ; + Hau => mkVForms "zen" ; + Gu => mkVForms "ginen" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zineten" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "ziren" } ; + + Cond => table {Ni => mkVForms "nintzateke" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "hintzateke" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zinateke" ; + Hau => mkVForms "litzateke" ; + Gu => mkVForms "ginateke" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zinatekete" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "lirateke" } ; + -- Present and future are identical + _ => table {Ni => mkVForms "naiz" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "haiz" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zara" "zare" ; + Hau => mkVForms "da" "de" ; + Gu => mkVForms "gara" "gare" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zarete" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "dira" "dire" } + } ; + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ukan [NOR] [NORK] + ============================================================================= +-} + + ukanDu : TransV = \\nor,tns,nork => mkVForms ( + case tns of { + Past => + case nor of { -- Special forms for past when nor is Hau or Hauek + Hau => norkPast_norHau ! nork ; + Hauek => norkPast_norHauek ! nork ; + _ => let nindu : Str = norPast ! nor ; + te : Str = norkPast ! nork ; + in nindu + te + "n" } ; + + Cond => + case nor of { -- Special forms for conditional when nor is Hau or Hauek + Hau => norkCond_norHau ! nork ; + Hauek => norkCond_norHauek ! nork ; + + _ => let gintu : Str = norCond ! nor ; + z : Str = norCondZ ! nor ; + te : Str = norkCond ! nork ; + in gintu + z + "ke" + te } ; + + pres => let gaitu : Str = norPres ! nor ; + zte : Str = norkPres ! nork ; + in gaitu + zte + + }) where { + + norkCond : Agr => Str = \\nork => case of { + => "te" + norkUkanLast ! y ; -- zintu z ke te t + <_,x> => norkUkanLast ! x } ; + + norkPres : Agr => Str = \\nork => case of { + => "zte" ; -- If Nork is Hauek and Nor is plural, + => "zte" ; -- the morpheme "te" changes into "zte" + => "zte" ; + <_,x> => norkUkanLast ! x } ; + + norkPast : Agr => Str = \\nork => case of { + => "" ; + <_,Hau> => "e" ; + => "zte" ; + => "zte" ; + => "zte" ; + <_,x> => norkUkanMid ! x } ; + + norPres : Agr => Str = norUkanPres ; + + norPast : Agr => Str = norUkanNonpres ; + + norCond : Agr => Str = norUkanCond ; + + norCondZ : Agr => Str = table { + (Gu|Zu|Zuek) => "z" ; _ => [] } ; + + norkPast_norHau = table { Ni => "nuen" ; Gu => "genuen" ; + Hi _ => "huen" ; + Zu => "zenuen" ; Zuek => "zenuten" ; + Hau => "zuen" ; Hauek => "zuten" } ; + + norkPast_norHauek = table { Ni => "nituen" ; Gu => "genituen" ; + Hi _ => "hituen" ; + Zu => "zenituen" ; Zuek => "zenituzten" ; + Hau => "zituen" ; Hauek => "zituzten" } ; + + norkCond_norHau = table { Hi _ => "hinduke" ; Zuek => "zenukete" ; + Hau => "luke" ; Hauek => "lukete" ; + x => (tk 2 (norkPast_norHau ! x)) + "ke" } ; -- zu+en -> nu+ke + + norkCond_norHauek = table { Hi _ => "hindukete" ; Zuek => "zenituzkete" ; + Hau => "lituzke" ; Hauek => "lituzkete" ; + x => (tk 2 (norkPast_norHauek ! x)) + "zke" } --nitu+en -> nitu+zke + } ; + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ukan [NOR] [NORI] + ============================================================================= +-} + + + ukanZaio : TransV = table { --TODO: add all forms + -- Nori,Nor + Hau => table { + Pres => table { + Ni => mkVForms "zait" ; + Hi Fem => mkVForms "zain" ; + Hi Masc => mkVForms "zaik" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zaizu" ; + Hau => mkVForms "zaio" ; + Gu => mkVForms "zaigu" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zaizue" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "zaie" + } ; + _ => \\agr => noVForm + } ; + Hauek => table { + Pres => table { + Ni => mkVForms "zaizkit" ; + Hi Fem => mkVForms "zaizkin" ; + Hi Masc => mkVForms "zaizkik" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zaizkizu" ; + Hau => mkVForms "zaizkio" ; + Gu => mkVForms "zaizkigu" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zaizkizue" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "zaizkie" + } ; + _ => \\agr => noVForm + } ; + _ => table { + tns => table { + agr => noVForm + } + } + } where { + -- For Nor-Nori inflection, map from Agr to prefix morpheme in Nor position + norTableZaio : Agr => Str = + table { Ni => "na" ; + Hi _ => "ha" ; + Gu => "ga" ; + Zu => "za" ; + Zuek => "za" ; + _ => [] --Hau and Hauek + } + } ; + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ukan [NOR] [NORI] [NORK] + ============================================================================= +-} + + ukanDio : DitransV = -- TODO test properly /IL 2017-07 + \\nori,nor,tns,nork => mkVForms ( + case tns of { + Cond => "TODO:conditional" ; + Past => let zen = norkPast ! nork ; + izki = norPast ! getNum nor ; + da = noriPast ! nori ; + te = norkPastTe ! nork ; + in zen + izki + da + te + "n" ; + + _ => let dizki = norPres ! getNum nor ; + da = noriPres ! nori ; --form of nori depends on nork + zue = norkPres ! nork + in dizki + da + zue }) + + where { + -- Map from Number to prefix morpheme in Nor position. + -- Specific to Nor-Nori-Nork, different forms in other auxiliaries. + norPres : Number => Str = table { Sg => "di" ; + Pl => "dizki" } ; + norPast : Number => Str = \\tns => drop 1 (norPres ! tns) ; + + ------ + -- Map from Agr to morpheme in Nori position. + + noriPres : Agr => Str = \\nori => case of { + => "t" ; -- If nork is Hau, then the form ends in "t" + <_,x> => noriUkanMid ! x } ; + + noriPast : Agr => Str = noriUkanMid ; + + ------ + -- Map from Agr to morpheme in Nork position + norkPres : Agr => Str = norkUkanLast ; + + norkPast : Agr => Str = norkUkanFirst ; + + norkPastTe : Agr => Str = table { + (Zuek|Hauek) => "te" ; _ => [] } + + } ; + +{- + ============================================================================= + Egon + ============================================================================= +-} + -- stative copula, like Spanish estar + egonDa : IntransV = + table { Past => table { + Ni => mkVForms "nengoen" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "hengoen" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zeunden" ; + Hau => mkVForms "zegoen" ; + Gu => mkVForms "geunden" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zeundeten" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "zeuden" } ; + _ => table { + Ni => mkVForms "nago" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "hago" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zaude" ; + Hau => mkVForms "dago" ; + Gu => mkVForms "gaude" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zaudete" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "daude" } + } ; + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Eduki + ============================================================================= +-} + + edukiDu : TransV = table { + -- Nor,Nork + Ni => table { + Pres => table { + Gu => noVForm ; + Hauek => mkVForms "naukate" ; + Ni => noVForm ; + Zuek => mkVForms "naukazue" ; + Hau => mkVForms "nauka" ; + Hi Masc => mkVForms "naukak" ; + Hi Fem => mkVForms "naukan" ; + Zu => mkVForms "naukazu" } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + + } ; + Gu => table { + Pres => table { -- Pres + Gu => noVForm ; + Hauek => mkVForms "gauzkate" ; + Ni => noVForm ; + Zuek => mkVForms "gauzkazue" ; + Hau => mkVForms "gauzka" ; + Hi _ => noVForm ; + Zu => mkVForms "gauzkazu" } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } ; + Hauek => table { + Pres => table { -- Pres + Gu => mkVForms "dauzkagu" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "dauzkate" ; + Ni => mkVForms "dauzkat" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "dauzkazue" ; + Hau => mkVForms "dauzka" ; + Hi Masc => mkVForms "dauzkak" ; + Hi Fem => mkVForms "dauzkan" ; + Zu => mkVForms "dauzkazu" } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } ; + Zuek => table { + Pres => table { + Gu => mkVForms "zauzkategu" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "zauzkatete" ; + Ni => mkVForms "zauzkatet" ; + Zuek => noVForm ; + Hau => mkVForms "zauzkate" ; + Hi _ => noVForm ; + Zu => noVForm } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } ; + Hau => table { + Pres => table { + Gu => mkVForms "daukagu" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "daukate" ; + Ni => mkVForms "daukat" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "daukazue" ; + Hau => mkVForms "dauka" ; + Hi Masc => mkVForms "daukak" ; + Hi Fem => mkVForms "daukan" ; + Zu => mkVForms "daukazu" } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } ; + Hi _ => table { + Pres => table { + Gu => mkVForms "haukagu" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "haukate" ; + Ni => mkVForms "haukat" ; + Zuek => noVForm ; + Hau => mkVForms "hauka" ; + Hi _ => noVForm ; + Zu => noVForm } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } ; + Zu => table { + Pres => table { + Gu => mkVForms "zauzkagu" ; + Hauek => noVForm ; + Ni => mkVForms "zauzkat" ; + Zuek => noVForm ; + Hau => mkVForms "zauzka" ; + Hi _ => noVForm ; + Zu => noVForm } ; + tns => \\agr => ukanDu ! Ni ! tns ! agr + } + } ; + +{- + ============================================================================= + Etorri + ============================================================================= +-} + + etorriDa : IntransV = + \\tns,subjAgr => + case of { + => mkVForms "nator" ; + => mkVForms "hator" ; + => mkVForms "zatoz" ; + => mkVForms "dator" ; + => mkVForms "gatoz" ; + => mkVForms "zatozte" ; + => mkVForms "datoz" ; + _ => izanDa ! tns ! subjAgr + } ; + +{- + ============================================================================= + Joan + ============================================================================= +-} + joanDa : IntransV = + \\tns,subjAgr => + case of { + => mkVForms "noa" ; + => mkVForms "hoa" ; + => mkVForms "zoaz" ; + => mkVForms "doa" ; + => mkVForms "goaz" ; + => mkVForms "zoazte" ; + => mkVForms "doaz" ; + => mkVForms "nindoan" ; + => mkVForms "hindoan" ; + => mkVForms "zindoazen" ; + => mkVForms "zihoan" ; + => mkVForms "gindoazen" ; + => mkVForms "zindoazten" ; + => mkVForms "zihoazen" ; + + _ => izanDa ! tns ! subjAgr + } ; + + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ekarri + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ibili + ============================================================================= +-} + + + ibiliDa : IntransV = --TODO: check forms + table { + Past => table { + Ni => mkVForms "nenbilen" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "henbilen" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zenbiltzan" ; + Hau => mkVForms "zebilen" ; + Gu => mkVForms "genbiltzan" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zenbiltzaten" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "zebiltzan" } ; + + -- Present and future are identical + Cond => table { + Ni => mkVForms "nenbilke" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "henbilke" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zenbilzke" ; + Hau => mkVForms "lebilke" ; + Gu => mkVForms "genbiltzke" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zenbiltzketen" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "lebilzke" } ; + + Pres => table { + Ni => mkVForms "nabil" ; + Hi _ => mkVForms "habil" ; + Zu => mkVForms "zabiltza" ; + Hau => mkVForms "dabil" ; + Gu => mkVForms "gabiltza" ; + Zuek => mkVForms "zabiltzate" ; + Hauek => mkVForms "dabiltza" } ; + Fut => izanDa ! Fut + } ; + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Jakin + ============================================================================= +-} + jakinDu : TransV = + \\dobjAgr,tns,subjAgr => + case of { + => mkVForms "dakit" ; + => mkVForms "dakizu" ; + => mkVForms "daki" ; + => mkVForms "dakigu" ; + => mkVForms "dakizue" ; + => mkVForms "dakite" ; + + => mkVForms "nekien" ; + => mkVForms "zenekien" ; + => mkVForms "zekien" ; + => mkVForms "genekien" ; + => mkVForms "zenekiten" ; + => mkVForms "zekiten" ; + + _ => ukanDu ! dobjAgr ! tns ! subjAgr + } ; + + + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ibili + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Eman + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Esan + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Ikusi + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Erabili + ============================================================================= +-} + +{- + ============================================================================= + Egin + ============================================================================= +-} + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/AdjectiveEus.gf b/src/basque/AdjectiveEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..cf374e59 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/AdjectiveEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,71 @@ +concrete AdjectiveEus of Adjective = CatEus ** open ResEus, Prelude in { + + flags optimize=all_subs ; + + lin +-- The principal ways of forming an adjectival phrase are +-- positive, comparative, relational, reflexive-relational, and +-- elliptic-relational. + + -- : A -> AP ; + PositA a = a ** { + s = a.s ! AF Posit ; + typ = Bare } ; + + -- : A -> NP -> AP ; -- euskara ingelesa baino errazagoa da. + ComparA a np = a ** { + s = np.s ! Abs ++ "baino" ++ a.s ! AF Compar ; + typ = Bare } ; + + -- : A2 -> NP -> AP ; -- married to her + ComplA2 a2 np = a2 ** { + s = applyPost a2.compl np ++ a2.s ! AF Posit ; + typ = Bare } ; + + -- : A2 -> AP ; -- married to itself + ReflA2 a2 = a2 ** { + s = applyPost a2.compl buru_NP ++ a2.s ! AF Posit ; + typ = Bare } ; + + -- : A2 -> AP ; -- married + UseA2 = PositA ; + + -- : A -> AP ; -- warmer + UseComparA a = a ** { + s = a.s ! AF Compar ; + typ = Bare } ; + + + -- : CAdv -> AP -> NP -> AP ; -- as cool as John + CAdvAP adv ap np = ap ** { + s = np.s ! Abs ++ adv.s ++ ap.s } ; + +-- The superlative use is covered in $Ord$. + + -- : Ord -> AP ; -- warmest + AdjOrd ord = ord ** { + ph = FinalCons ; --always ends in -en + typ = Bare } ; + +-- Sentence and question complements defined for all adjectival +-- phrases, although the semantics is only clear for some adjectives. + + -- : AP -> SC -> AP ; -- good that she is here + SentAP ap sc = ap ; --TODO + +-- An adjectival phrase can be modified by an *adadjective*, such as "very". + + -- : AdA -> AP -> AP ; + AdAP ada ap = ap ** { + s = ada.s ++ ap.s ; + typ = Bare } ; + + +-- It can also be postmodified by an adverb, typically a prepositional phrase. + +-- : AP -> Adv -> AP ; -- warm by nature + AdvAP ap adv = ap ; --TODO + + + +} diff --git a/src/basque/AdverbEus.gf b/src/basque/AdverbEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b2890a42 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/AdverbEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,43 @@ +concrete AdverbEus of Adverb = CatEus ** open ResEus, Prelude in { + +lin + + -- : A -> Adv ; + PositAdvAdj adj = { s = adj.s ! AAdv } ; --TODO: check + + -- : CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv ; -- more warmly than John + ComparAdvAdj cadv a np = { s = np.s ! Abs ++ cadv.s ++ a.s ! AAdv } ; + +-- ComparAdvAdjS : CAdv -> A -> S -> Adv ; -- more warmly than he runs + + -- : Prep -> NP -> Adv ; + PrepNP post np = { s = ResEus.applyPost post np } ; + +-- Adverbs can be modified by 'adadjectives', just like adjectives. + + --AdAdv : AdA -> Adv -> Adv ; -- very quickly + AdAdv ada adv = { s = ada.s ++ adv.s } ; +-- Like adverbs, adadjectives can be produced by adjectives. + + -- : A -> AdA ; -- extremely + PositAdAAdj a = { s = a.s ! AF Posit ++ BIND ++ "an" } ; --TODO check +-- Subordinate clauses can function as adverbs. + + --: Subj -> S -> Adv ; + SubjS subj s = + let auxFull : Str = + if_then_Str subj.isPre (glue subj.s s.s.aux.indep) -- badator + (glue s.s.aux.stem subj.s) ; -- datorrenean + + in { s = s.s.beforeAux ++ auxFull ++ s.s.afterAux } ; + +-- Comparison adverbs also work as numeral adverbs. + + --AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN ; -- less (than five) + --AdnCAdv cadv = {s = } ; +} ; + +{- +gt PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt ?) (UseN ?) | l -bind +gt PrepNP from_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt ?) (UseN ?)) | l -bind +-} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/AllEus.gf b/src/basque/AllEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..6abae700 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/AllEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../prelude + +concrete AllEus of AllEusAbs = + LangEus, + ExtraEus + ** {} ; diff --git a/src/basque/AllEusAbs.gf b/src/basque/AllEusAbs.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5d199065 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/AllEusAbs.gf @@ -0,0 +1,6 @@ +--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude + +abstract AllEusAbs = + Lang, + ExtraEusAbs + ** {} ; diff --git a/src/basque/CatEus.gf b/src/basque/CatEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7ef71011 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/CatEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,131 @@ +concrete CatEus of Cat = CommonX ** open ResEus, Prelude in { + + flags optimize=all_subs ; + + lincat + +--2 Sentences and clauses +-- Constructed in SentenceEus, and also in IdiomEus + + S = { s : ResEus.Sentence } ; --must keep words separate, because we may add Subj particles for Adv + QS = { s : ClType => ResEus.Sentence } ; + RS = { s : Agr => Str }; -- relative sentence. Tense and polarity fixed, + -- but agreement may depend on the CN/NP it modifies: + -- `gorriak diren txakurrak' vs. `gorria den txakurra' + -- mutil|ak| maite |du|en neska / mutil|ak| maite |ditu|en nesk|ak| + -- mutil|ek| maite |dute|n nesk|a| / mutil|ek| maite |ditute|n nesk|ak| + -- neska maite duen mutila / neskak maite dituen mutila / neska maite duten mutilak / neskak maite dituten mutilak + + Cl = ResEus.Clause ; + ClSlash = ResEus.ClSlash ; + SSlash = { s : ResEus.Sentence } ; -- sentence missing NP e.g. "she has looked at" + Imp = { s : Str } ; -- imperative e.g. "look at this" + +--2 Questions and interrogatives + +-- Constructed in QuestionEus. + + QCl = ResEus.Clause ; + IP = ResEus.NounPhrase ; + IComp = { s : Str } ; -- interrogative complement of copula e.g. "where" + IDet = ResEus.Determiner ; -- interrogative determiner e.g. "how many" + IQuant = ResEus.Quant ; -- interrogative quantifier e.g. "which" + + + + +--2 Relative clauses and pronouns + +-- Constructed in RelativeEus. + + RCl = ResEus.RClause ; + RP = { s : Str } ; + + + +--2 Verb phrases + +-- Constructed in VerbEus. + + VP = ResEus.VerbPhrase ; + VPSlash = ResEus.VPSlash ; + Comp = ResEus.Complement ; + + +--2 Adjectival phrases + +-- Constructed in AdjectiveEus. + + AP = ResEus.AdjPhrase ; + + +--2 Nouns and noun phrases + +-- Constructed in NounEus. +-- Many atomic noun phrases e.g. "everybody" +-- are constructed in StructuralEus. +-- The determiner structure is +-- ``` Predet (QuantSg | QuantPl Num) Ord +-- as defined in NounEus. + + CN = ResEus.CNoun ; + NP = ResEus.NounPhrase ; + Pron = ResEus.Pronoun ; --Pronouns need enough info to turn it into NP or Quant. + Det = ResEus.Determiner ; + Predet = {s : Str} ; + Quant = ResEus.Quant ; + Num = { s : Str ; n : Number ; isNum : Bool } ; + Card, Ord = { s : Str ; n : Number } ; + DAP = ResEus.Determiner ; + + +--2 Numerals + +-- Constructed in NumeralEus. + + Numeral = { s : Str ; n : Number } ; + Digits = { s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number } ; + + + +--2 Structural words + +-- Constructed in StructuralEus. + Conj = { s1,s2 : Str ; nbr : Number } ; --Ni eta Inari gara/*naiz ; Fran edo Mikel da/*dira + Subj = { s : Str ; isPre : Bool } ; --ba+dut vs. dut+en + Prep = ResEus.Postposizio ; + + + +--2 Words of open classes + +-- These are constructed in LexiconEus and in +-- additional lexicon modules. + + V, + V2, + V3, + VV, -- verb-phrase-complement verb e.g. "want" + VS, -- sentence-complement verb e.g. "claim" + VQ, -- question-complement verb e.g. "wonder" + VA, -- adjective-complement verb e.g. "look" + V2V, -- verb with NP and V complement e.g. "cause" + V2S, -- verb with NP and S complement e.g. "tell" + V2Q, -- verb with NP and Q complement e.g. "ask" + V2A = ResEus.Verb ; -- verb with NP and AP complement e.g. "paint" + + A = ResEus.Adjective ; + A2 = ResEus.Adjective2 ; + + N = ResEus.Noun ; + N2 = ResEus.Noun2 ; + N3 = ResEus.Noun3 ; + PN = ResEus.PNoun ; + + +linref + S = \s -> linS s.s ; + Cl = linCl ; + VP = linVP ; + CN = linCNIndef ; +} diff --git a/src/basque/ConjunctionEus.gf b/src/basque/ConjunctionEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a060aa64 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ConjunctionEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,147 @@ +concrete ConjunctionEus of Conjunction = + CatEus ** open ResEus, Coordination, Prelude in { + + flags optimize=all_subs ; + + {- Conjunction for category X needs four things: + lincat [X] + lin BaseX + lin ConsX + lin ConjX + + For example, if X is defined as + + lincat X = {s : Number => Str ; g : Gender} ; + + then [X] will split its s field into two, and retain its other fields as is: + + lincat [X] = {s1,s2 : Number => Str ; g : Gender} ; + + Let us look at a simple case: Adv is of type {s : Str} + Then [Adv] is {s1,s2 : Str}. + BaseAdv, ConsAdv and ConjAdv can all use functions defined in prelude/Coordination: + + BaseAdv = twoSS ; + ConsAdv = consrSS comma ; + ConjAdv = conjunctSS ; + + --} + + +-- Adverb and other simple {s : Str} types. +lincat + [Adv],[AdV],[IAdv] = {s1,s2 : Str} ; + +lin + BaseAdv, BaseAdV, BaseIAdv = twoSS ; + ConsAdv, ConsAdV, ConsIAdv = consrSS comma ; + ConjAdv, ConjAdV, ConjIAdv = conjunctDistrSS ; + + +-- RS depends on agreement, otherwise exactly like previous. +lincat + [RS] = {s1,s2 : Agr => Str } ; + +lin + BaseRS x y = twoTable Agr x y ; + ConsRS xs x = consrTable Agr comma xs x ; + ConjRS co xs = conjunctDistrTable Agr co xs ; + +-- S has three building blocks; we keep only the last one's aux open, +-- and choose the independent form to all the rest. +-- Produces ungrammatical results for adverbial usage of conj sentences, e.g. +-- "when [the dog runs and you sleep], I drink beer" +lincat + [S] = { s : Sentence } ** { firstSent : Str } ; + +lin + BaseS x y = + y ** { firstSent = linS x.s } ; + + ConsS x xs = + xs ** { firstSent = linS x.s ++ "," ++ xs.firstSent } ; + + -- Combine the finished sentences all into the beforeAux part of the S + ConjS co xs = + { s = xs.s ** {beforeAux = co.s1 ++ xs.firstSent ++ co.s2 ++ xs.s.beforeAux} } ; + + + + +-- APs and CNs. FIXME: crude first attempt, doesn't work properly. +-- ConjCN gives `*nesk edo neskek' +lincat + [AP] = {s1,s2 : Str ; ph : Phono ; typ : APType } ; + +lin + BaseAP x y = twoSS x y ** y ; --choose all the other fields from second argument + ConsAP as a = consrSS comma as a ** as ; + ConjAP co as = conjunctDistrSS co as ** as ; + +lincat + [CN] = { s1,s2 : Agr => Str } ** CNLight ; + +lin + BaseCN = baseCN ; -- phono=FinalA words work correctly now! + ConsCN = consCN ; + ConjCN co cs = conjunctDistrTable Agr co cs ** cs ; + +oper + CNLight : Type = { heavyMod : Agr => Str ; comp : Str ; ph : Phono ; anim : Bizi } ; + + -- Use linCNIndef so that words with FinalA get the -a at the end + baseCN : CN -> CN -> [CN] = \x,y -> + y ** --choose all the other fields from second argument + { s1 = \\agr => linCNIndef x ; + s2 = y.s } ; + + consCN : CN -> [CN] -> [CN] = \x,xs -> + xs ** --choose all the other fields from the list + { s1 = \\agr => linCNIndef x ++ SOFT_BIND + ++ comma ++ xs.s1 ! agr } ; + + +lincat + [DAP] = Determiner ** { pref2 : Str } ; + +lin + BaseDAP x y = x ** { pref2 = y.pref } ; + ConsDAP xs x = xs ** { pref2 = x.pref } ; + ConjDet conj xs = xs ** { pref = conj.s1 ++ xs.pref ++ conj.s2 ++ xs.pref2 } ; + -- his or some car: haren edo zenbait auto &+ a + -- TODO: "the or some car" + + +-- Noun phrases. Should work better now. +lincat + [NP] = { s1,s2 : Case => Str } ** NPLight ; + +lin + BaseNP x y = twoTable Case x y ** consNP x y ; + ConsNP xs x = consrTable Case comma xs x ** consNP xs x ; + ConjNP conj xs = conjunctNPTable conj xs ** conjNP xs conj ; + +oper + + --NP without the s field; just to avoid copypaste and make things easier to change + NPLight : Type = { stem : Str ; agr : Agr ; anim : Bizi ; isDef : Bool } ; + + consNP : NPLight -> NPLight -> NPLight = \x,y -> + x ** { agr = conjAgr x.agr (getNum y.agr) } ; + + conjNP : NPLight -> Conj -> NPLight = \xs,conj -> + xs ** { agr = conjAgr xs.agr conj.nbr } ; + + -- Like conjunctTable from prelude/Coordination.gf, + -- but forces the first argument into absolutive. + conjunctNPTable : Conj -> ListTable Case -> {s : Case => Str} = \co,xs -> + { s = table { Erg => co.s1 ++ xs.s1 ! Erg ++ co.s2 ++ xs.s2 ! Erg ; + cas => co.s1 ++ xs.s1 ! Abs ++ co.s2 ++ xs.s2 ! cas } } ; + + conjAgr : Agr -> Number -> Agr = \a,n -> + case n of { Pl => plAgr a ; _ => a } ; + + conjNbr : Number -> Number -> Number = \n,m -> + case n of { Pl => Pl ; _ => m } ; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/ConstructionEus.gf b/src/basque/ConstructionEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..4fc5d819 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ConstructionEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ +concrete ConstructionEus of Construction = CatEus ** open ParadigmsEus in { + +lincat + Timeunit = N ; + Weekday = N ; + Monthday = NP ; + Month = N ; + Year = NP ; +{- +lin + + timeunitAdv n time = + let n_card : Card = n ; + n_hours_NP : NP = mkNP n_card time ; + in SyntaxEus.mkAdv for_Prep n_hours_NP | mkAdv (n_hours_NP.s ! R.npNom) ; + + weekdayPunctualAdv w = ; -- on Sunday + weekdayHabitualAdv w = ; -- on Sundays + weekdayNextAdv w = -- next Sunday + weekdayLastAdv w = -- last Sunday + + monthAdv m = mkAdv in_Prep (mkNP m) ; + yearAdv y = mkAdv in_Prep y ; + dayMonthAdv d m = ; -- on 17 May + monthYearAdv m y = ; -- in May 2012 + dayMonthYearAdv d m y = ; -- on 17 May 2013 + + intYear = symb ; + intMonthday = symb ; + +lincat Language = N ; + +lin InLanguage l = mkAdv ???_Prep (mkNP l) ; + +lin + weekdayN w = w ; + monthN m = m ; + + weekdayPN w = mkPN w ; + monthPN m = mkPN m ; + + languageCN l = mkCN l ; + languageNP l = mkNP l ; + + +oper mkLanguage : Str -> N = \s -> mkN s ; + +---------------------------------------------- +---- lexicon of special names + +lin second_Timeunit = mkN "second" ; +lin minute_Timeunit = mkN "minute" ; +lin hour_Timeunit = mkN "hour" ; +lin day_Timeunit = mkN "day" ; +lin week_Timeunit = mkN "week" ; +lin month_Timeunit = mkN "month" ; +lin year_Timeunit = mkN "year" ; + +lin monday_Weekday = mkN "Monday" ; +lin tuesday_Weekday = mkN "Tuesday" ; +lin wednesday_Weekday = mkN "Wednesday" ; +lin thursday_Weekday = mkN "Thursday" ; +lin friday_Weekday = mkN "Friday" ; +lin saturday_Weekday = mkN "Saturday" ; +lin sunday_Weekday = mkN "Sunday" ; + +lin january_Month = mkN "January" ; +lin february_Month = mkN "February" ; +lin march_Month = mkN "March" ; +lin april_Month = mkN "April" ; +lin may_Month = mkN "May" ; +lin june_Month = mkN "June" ; +lin july_Month = mkN "July" ; +lin august_Month = mkN "August" ; +lin september_Month = mkN "September" ; +lin october_Month = mkN "October" ; +lin november_Month = mkN "November" ; +lin december_Month = mkN "December" ; + +lin afrikaans_Language = mkLanguage "Afrikaans" ; +lin amharic_Language = mkLanguage "Amharic" ; +lin arabic_Language = mkLanguage "Arabic" ; +lin bulgarian_Language = mkLanguage "Bulgarian" ; +lin catalan_Language = mkLanguage "Catalan" ; +lin chinese_Language = mkLanguage "Chinese" ; +lin danish_Language = mkLanguage "Danish" ; +lin dutch_Language = mkLanguage "Dutch" ; +lin english_Language = mkLanguage "Euslish" ; +lin estonian_Language = mkLanguage "Estonian" ; +lin finnish_Language = mkLanguage "Finnish" ; +lin french_Language = mkLanguage "French" ; +lin german_Language = mkLanguage "German" ; +lin greek_Language = mkLanguage "Greek" ; +lin hebrew_Language = mkLanguage "Hebrew" ; +lin hindi_Language = mkLanguage "Hindi" ; +lin japanese_Language = mkLanguage "Japanese" ; +lin italian_Language = mkLanguage "Italian" ; +lin latin_Language = mkLanguage "Latin" ; +lin latvian_Language = mkLanguage "Latvian" ; +lin maltese_Language = mkLanguage "Maltese" ; +lin nepali_Language = mkLanguage "Nepali" ; +lin norwegian_Language = mkLanguage "Norwegian" ; +lin persian_Language = mkLanguage "Persian" ; +lin polish_Language = mkLanguage "Polish" ; +lin punjabi_Language = mkLanguage "Punjabi" ; +lin romanian_Language = mkLanguage "Romanian" ; +lin russian_Language = mkLanguage "Russian" ; +lin sindhi_Language = mkLanguage "Sindhi" ; +lin spanish_Language = mkLanguage "Spanish" ; +lin swahili_Language = mkLanguage "Swahili" ; +lin swedish_Language = mkLanguage "Swedish" ; +lin thai_Language = mkLanguage "Thai" ; +lin turkish_Language = mkLanguage "Turkish" ; +lin urdu_Language = mkLanguage "Urdu" ; + +—} +} +-} +} diff --git a/src/basque/ExtraEus.gf b/src/basque/ExtraEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..231ebfd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ExtraEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,35 @@ +concrete ExtraEus of ExtraEusAbs = CatEus ** open ResEus, AdjectiveEus, Prelude, ParadigmsEus in { + +flags coding = utf8 ; + +lincat + + Attr = { s : Str } ; + + +oper + + mkAttr : Str -> Attr = \s -> lin Attr { s = s } ; + +--lin + +-- ko_Attr = mkAttr "ko" ; + +{- + Tokiorako bidaia bat 'a journey to Tokyo' [Tokyo-to-ko journey one] + +-} + +-- AdnP : Adv -> Attr -> AP ; -- Bilbo ra ko + +-- AdnP adv attr = { +-- s = adv.s ++ BIND ++ attr.s ; +-- stem = adv.s ++ BIND ++ attr.s ; +-- ph = FinalVow ; +-- typ = Ko +-- } ; + + + + +} ; diff --git a/src/basque/ExtraEusAbs.gf b/src/basque/ExtraEusAbs.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..05c97fa1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ExtraEusAbs.gf @@ -0,0 +1,19 @@ +abstract ExtraEusAbs = Extra ** { + +cat + + Attr ; -- morpheme to turn an phrase into an adnominal/attributive +fun + + ko_Attr : Attr ; + + -- AdnP = Adnominal phrase + + AdnP : Adv -> Attr -> AP ; + +-- ProDrop : Pron -> Pron ; + +-- or to drop pronouns by default and have explicit pronouns in Extra? +-- ExplicitPron : Clause -> Clause ; + +} ; diff --git a/src/basque/GrammarEus.gf b/src/basque/GrammarEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f17f4370 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/GrammarEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,20 @@ +concrete GrammarEus of Grammar = + NounEus, + VerbEus, + AdjectiveEus, + AdverbEus, + NumeralEus, + SentenceEus, + QuestionEus, + RelativeEus, + ConjunctionEus, + PhraseEus, + TextX, + StructuralEus, + IdiomEus, + TenseX + ** { + +flags startcat = Phr ; unlexer = text ; lexer = text ; + +} ; diff --git a/src/basque/IdiomEus.gf b/src/basque/IdiomEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..f9cac2da --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/IdiomEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,41 @@ + +--1 Idiom: Idiomatic Expressions + +concrete IdiomEus of Idiom = CatEus ** open Prelude, ResEus in { + +-- This module defines constructions that are formed in fixed ways, +-- often different even in closely related languages. + + lin +{- + ImpersCl : VP -> Cl ; -- it is hot + GenericCl : VP -> Cl ; -- one sleeps + + CleftNP : NP -> RS -> Cl ; -- it is I who did it + CleftAdv : Adv -> S -> Cl ; -- it is here she slept + + ExistNP : NP -> Cl ; -- there is a house + ExistIP : IP -> QCl ; -- which houses are there + +-- 7/12/2012 generalizations of these + + ExistNPAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl ; -- there is a house in Paris + ExistIPAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl ; -- which houses are there in Paris +-} + -- : VP -> VP ; -- garbitzen ari ziren + ProgrVP vp = vp ** { prc = \\tns => vp.prc ! Pres ++ "ari" } ; + + -- : VP -> Utt ; -- let's go + ImpPl1 vp = { s = linVPPrc vp } ; +{- + + ImpP3 : NP -> VP -> Utt ; -- let John walk + +-- 3/12/2013 non-reflexive uses of "self" + + SelfAdvVP : VP -> VP ; -- is at home himself + SelfAdVVP : VP -> VP ; -- is himself at home + SelfNP : NP -> NP ; -- the president himself (is at home) +-} + +} diff --git a/src/basque/LangEus.gf b/src/basque/LangEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e0c69f69 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/LangEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,8 @@ +concrete LangEus of Lang = + GrammarEus, + LexiconEus, + ConstructionEus + + ** { + +} ; \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/LexiconEus.gf b/src/basque/LexiconEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ba534ea2 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/LexiconEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,436 @@ +concrete LexiconEus of Lexicon = CatEus ** + open ParadigmsEus, Prelude, (R=ResEus) in { + +---- +-- A + +lin add_V3 = mkV3 "gehitu" ; -- | mkV3 "erantsi" | mkV3 "gaineratu" ; --Apertium +lin airplane_N = mkN "hegazkin" ; +--lin alas_Interj = mkInterj "" ; +lin already_Adv = mkAdv "dagoeneko" ; --Google translate +lin animal_N = mkN "animalia" ; +lin answer_V2S = mkV2S "erantzun" ; +lin apartment_N = mkN "pisu" ; -- | mkN "apartamentu" ; --Apertium +lin apple_N = mkN "sagar" ; +lin art_N = mkN "arte" ; +--lin ashes_N = mkN +lin ask_V2Q = mkV2Q "galdetu" ; + +---- +-- B + +lin baby_N = mkN "haur" ; -- | mkN "ume" | mkN "kreatura" ; --Apertium +lin back_N = mkN "bizkar" ; +lin bad_A = mkA "txar" ; +lin bank_N = mkN "banku" ; --| mkN "erribera" | mkN "ertz" ; --Apertium +lin bark_N = mkN "azal" ; --Apertium +lin beautiful_A = mkA "polit" ; +lin become_VA = mkVA "bihurtu" ; +lin beer_N = mkN "garagardo" ; +lin beg_V2V = mkV2V "eskatu" ; +lin belly_N = mkN "urdail" ; --| mkN "sabel" ; --Apertium +lin big_A = mkA "handi" ; +lin bike_N = mkN "bizikleta" ; +lin bird_N = mkN "txori" ; -- | mkN "hegazti" ; --Apertium +lin bite_V2 = mkV2 "ausiki" ; -- mkV2 (mkV "kosk" egin_V) --Apertium +lin black_A = mkA "beltz" ; +lin blood_N = mkN "odol" ; +lin blow_V = mkV "putz" egin_V ; +lin blue_A = mkA "urdin" ; +lin boat_N = mkN "itsasontzi" ; +lin bone_N = mkN "hezur" ; --Apertium +lin boot_N = mkN "bota" ; --Apertium +lin boss_N = mkN "nagusi" ; --Apertium +lin book_N = mkN "liburu" ; +lin boy_N = mkN "mutil" ; +lin bread_N = mkN "ogi" ; --Apertium +lin break_V2 = mkV2 "izorratu" ; --Apertium +lin breast_N = mkN "bular" ; --Apertium +lin breathe_V = mkV "arnastu" ; --Apertium +lin broad_A = mkA "zabal" ; --Apertium +lin brother_N2 = mkN2 "anaia" ; +lin brown_A = mkA "marroi" ; --Apertium +lin burn_V = mkV "erre" ; -- | mkV "kiskali" ; --Apertium +lin butter_N = mkN "gurin" ; --Apertium +lin buy_V2 = mkV2 "erosi" ; + +---- +-- C + +lin camera_N = mkN "kamera" ; -- | mkN "ganbera" ; --Apertium +lin cap_N = mkN "txapel" ; -- | mkN "tapoi" ; --Apertium +lin car_N = mkN "auto" ; --| mkN "automobil" ; --Apertium +lin carpet_N = mkN "alfonbra" ; --Apertium +lin cat_N = mkN "katu" ; +lin ceiling_N = mkN "sabai" ; --Apertium +lin chair_N = mkN "aulki" ; --Apertium +lin cheese_N = mkN "gazta" ; --Apertium +lin child_N = mkN "ume" ; --| mkN "umetxo" ; --Apertium +lin church_N = mkN "eliza" ; --Apertium +lin city_N = mkN "hiri" ; --Apertium +lin clean_A = mkA "garbi" ; --Apertium +lin clever_A = mkA "azkar" ; --Apertium +lin close_V2 = mkV2 "gerturatu" ; -- | mkV2 "itxi" | mkV2 "zarratu" ; --Apertium +lin cloud_N = mkN "hodei" ; --Apertium +lin coat_N = mkN "beroki" ; -- | mkN "kapa" ; --Apertium +lin cold_A = mkA "hotz" ; +lin come_V = etorri_V ; +lin computer_N = mkN "ordenagailu" ; --| mkN "ordenatzaile" ; --Apertium +lin correct_A = mkA "zuzen" ; --Apertium +lin count_V2 = mkV2 "kontatu" ; -- | mkV2 "zenbatu" ; --Apertium +lin country_N = mkN "herri" ; --Apertium +lin cousin_N = mkN "lehengusu" ; --Apertium +lin cow_N = mkN "behi" ; --Apertium +lin cut_V2 = mkV2 "ebaki" ; -- | mkV2 "moztu" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- D + +lin day_N = mkN "egun" ; --Apertium +lin die_V = izanV "hil" ; -- | mkV "zendu" ; --Apertium +lin dig_V = mkV "zulatu" ; --Apertium +lin dirty_A = mkA "likits" ; --| mkA "zikin" ; --Apertium +-- lin distance_N3 = mkN3 (mkN "distantzia") fromP toP ; --Apertium +lin do_V2 = lin V2 egin_V ; +lin doctor_N = mkN "mediku" ; --| mkN "doktore" ; --Apertium +lin dog_N = mkN "txakur" ; +lin door_N = mkN "ate" ; +lin drink_V2 = mkV2 "edan" ; +lin dry_A = mkA "lehor" ; --Apertium +lin dull_A = mkA "aspergarri" ; --Apertium +lin dust_N = mkN "hauts" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- E + +lin ear_N = mkN "belarri" ; --Apertium +lin earth_N = mkN "lur" ; --Apertium +lin eat_V2 = mkV2 "jan" ; -- | mkV2 "bazkaldu" ; --Apertium +lin egg_N = mkN "arrautza" ; --Apertium +lin empty_A = mkA "huts" ; --| mkA "bakarti" ; --Apertium +lin enemy_N = mkN "etsai" ; --| mkN "arerio" ; --Apertium +lin eye_N = mkN "begi" ; + +---- +-- F + +lin factory_N = mkN "fabrika" ; --| mkN "lantegi" ; --Apertium +lin fall_V = mkV "amildu" ; -- | mkV "erori" ; --Apertium +lin far_Adv = mkAdv "urrun" ; +lin fat_N = mkN "gantz" ; --| mkN "koipe" ; --Apertium +lin father_N2 = mkN2 "aita" ; --genitive +lin fear_V2 = ukanV "beldur" ; -- beldur nauzu `you are afraid of me' +lin fear_VS = izanV "beldur" ; -- beldur naiz [ez datorrela] `I'm afraid s/he won't come' +lin feather_N = mkN "luma" ; --Apertium +lin fight_V2 = mkV2 "borrokatu" ; --Apertium +lin find_V2 = mkV2 "aurkitu" ; -- | mkV2 "topatu" ; --Apertium +lin fingernail_N = mkN "azazkal" ; --Apertium +lin fire_N = mkN "su" ; --Apertium +lin fish_N = mkN "arrain" ; --Apertium +lin float_V = mkV "flotatu" ; --Apertium +lin floor_N = mkN "lurzoru" ; -- | mkN "solairu" ; --Apertium +lin flow_V = mkV "jariatu" ; --Apertium +lin flower_N = mkN "lore" ; --Apertium +lin fly_V = mkV "hegan" egin_V ; -- | mkV "pilotatu" ; --Apertium +lin fog_N = mkN "laino" ; --Apertium +lin foot_N = mkN "oin" ; --Apertium +lin forest_N = mkN "baso" ; --Apertium +lin forget_V2 = mkV2 "ahaztu" ; --Apertium +lin freeze_V = mkV "izoztu" ; --Apertium +lin fridge_N = mkN "elurtegi" ; --Apertium +lin friend_N = mkN "lagun" ; --| mkN "adiskide" ; --Apertium +lin fruit_N = mkN "fruta" ; --Apertium +lin full_A = mkA "bete" ; --Apertium +--lin fun_AV + +---- +-- G + +lin garden_N = mkN "lorategi" ; --Apertium +lin girl_N = mkN "neska" ; +lin give_V3 = mkV3 "eman" ; --Apertium +lin glove_N = mkN "eskularru" | mkN "eskularru" ; --Apertium +lin go_V = joan_V ; +lin gold_N = mkN "urre" ; --Apertium +lin good_A = mkA "ongi" (mkA "on") ; -- Irregular adverb form +lin grammar_N = mkN "gramatika" ; --Apertium +lin grass_N = mkN "belar" ; --Apertium +lin green_A = mkA "berde" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- H + +lin hair_N = mkN "ile" ; -- | mkN "adats" ; --Apertium +lin hand_N = mkN "esku" ; --Apertium +lin harbour_N = mkN "portu" ; --| mkN "kai" | mkN "mendate" ; --Apertium +lin hat_N = mkN "kapela" ; --Apertium +lin hate_V2 = mkV2 "gorrotatu" ; --Apertium +lin head_N = mkN "buru" ; --Apertium +lin hear_V2 = mkV2 "entzun" ; --Apertium +lin heart_N = mkN "bihotz" ; --Apertium +lin heavy_A = mkA "astun" ; --Apertium +lin hill_N = mkN "muino" ; --Apertium +lin hit_V2 = mkV2 "jo" ; --Apertium +lin hold_V2 = mkV2 "eutsi" ; --Apertium +lin hope_VS = lin VS (egonV "zain") ; --Apertium +lin horn_N = mkN "adar" ; --Apertium +lin horse_N = mkN "zaldi" ; --Apertium +lin hot_A = mkA "bero" ; --Apertium +lin house_N = mkN "etxe" ; --Apertium +lin hunt_V2 = mkV2 "ehizatu" ; +lin husband_N = mkN "senar" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- I + +lin ice_N = mkN "izotz" ; --Apertium ; --Apertium +lin industry_N = mkN "industria" ; --Apertium +lin iron_N = mkN "burdina" ; -- | mkN "plantxa" ; --Apertium + +-------- +-- J - K + +lin jump_V = mkV "jauzi" egin_V ; --Apertium +lin kill_V2 = mkV2 "hil" ; --Apertium +lin king_N = mkN "errege" ; --Apertium +lin knee_N = mkN "belaun" ; --Apertium +lin know_V2 = lin V2 jakin_V2 ; -- synthetic verb +lin know_VQ = lin VQ jakin_V2 ; -- synthetic verb + +lin know_VS = ukanV "uste" ; + + +---- +-- L + +lin lake_N = mkN "aintzira" ; --Apertium +lin lamp_N = mkN "lanpara" ; --Apertium +lin language_N = mkN "hizkuntza" ; --Apertium +lin laugh_V = mkV "barre" egin_V ; --Apertium +lin leaf_N = mkN "orri" ; -- | mkN "hosto" ; --Apertium +lin learn_V2 = mkV2 "ikasi" ; --Apertium +lin leather_N = mkN "larru" ; --Apertium +lin leave_V2 = mkV2 "utzi" ; --| mkV2 "laga" ; --Apertium +lin leg_N = mkN "hanka" ; --Apertium +-- lin lie_V = mkV2 "gezur8erran" ; --Apertium +-- lin lie_V = mkV2 "gezurra8esan" ; --Apertium +--lin like_V2 = mkV2 "gustatu" ; --Apertium -- NOR-NORI +-- lin like_V2 = mkV2 "atsegin_izan" ; --Apertium +-- lin like_V2 = mkV2 "atsegin8izan" ; --Apertium +-- lin like_V2 = mkV2 "gogoko8izan" ; --Apertium +lin listen_V2 = mkV2 "entzun" ; --Apertium +lin live_V = izanV "bizi" ; +lin liver_N = mkN "gibel" ; --Apertium +lin long_A = mkA "luze" ; --Apertium +lin lose_V2 = mkV2 "galdu" ; --Apertium +lin louse_N = mkN "zorri" ; --Apertium +lin love_N = mkN "maitasun" ; -- | mkN "amodio" ; --Apertium +lin love_V2 = ukanV "maite" ; +lin man_N = mkN "gizon" animate ; --Apertium +lin meat_N = mkN "haragi" ; -- | mkN "mami" ; --Apertium +lin milk_N = mkN "esne" ; --Apertium +lin moon_N = mkN "ilargi" ; --Apertium +lin mother_N2 = mkN2 "ama" ; +lin mountain_N = mkN "mendi" ; --Apertium +lin mouth_N = mkN "aho" ; --Apertium +lin music_N = mkN "musika" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- N + +lin name_N = mkN "izen" ; --Apertium +lin narrow_A = mkA "estu" ; --Apertium +lin near_A = mkA "hurbil" ; --Apertium +lin neck_N = mkN "lepo" ; --Apertium +lin new_A = mkA "berri" ; --Apertium +lin newspaper_N = mkN "egunkari" ; -- | mkN "kazeta" ; --Apertium +lin night_N = mkN "gau" ; --Apertium +lin nose_N = mkN "sudur" ; --Apertium +lin now_Adv = mkAdv "orain" ; +lin number_N = mkN "zenbaki" ; --Apertium + +-------- +-- O - P + + +lin oil_N = mkN "olio" ; --Apertium +lin old_A = mkA "zahar" ; --Apertium +lin open_V2 = mkV2 "ireki" ; -- | mkV2 "zabaldu" ; --Apertium +lin paint_V2A = mkV2A "margotu" ; -- | mkV2A "pintatu" ; --Apertium +lin paper_N = mkN "paper" ; --Apertium +lin paris_PN = mkPN "Paris" ; +lin peace_N = mkN "bake" ; -- | mkN "sosegu" ; --Apertium +lin pen_N = mkN "boligrafo" ; --Apertium +lin person_N = mkN "pertsona" ; --| mkN "gizakume" | mkN "jende" ; --Apertium +lin planet_N = mkN "planeta" ; --Apertium +lin plastic_N = mkN "plastiko" ; --Apertium +lin play_V = mkV "jokatu" ; -- | mkV "jolastu" ; --Apertium +lin policeman_N = mkN "ertzain" ; --Apertium +lin priest_N = mkN "apaiz" ; -- | mkN "artzain" ; --Apertium -- FIXME: split +lin pull_V2 = mkV2 "tenkatu" ; -- | mkV2 "tiratu" ; --Apertium +lin push_V2 = mkV2 "bultzatu" ; -- | mkV2 "estutu" ; --Apertium +lin put_V2 = mkV2 "ezarri" ; -- | mkV2 "jarri" ; --Apertium + +-------- +-- Q - R + +lin queen_N = mkN "erregina" ; --Apertium +lin question_N = mkN "galdera" ; --Apertium +lin radio_N = mkN "erradio" ; --| mkN "irrati" ; --Apertium +lin rain_N = mkN "euri" ; --Apertium +lin rain_V0 = mkV "euria ari" (mkV "edun") ; --Apertium +lin read_V2 = mkV2 "irakurri" ; --Apertium +lin ready_A = mkA "prest" ; --Apertium +lin reason_N = mkN "arrazoi" ; --| mkN "motibo" | mkN "zergati" ; --Apertium +lin red_A = mkA "gorri" ; --Apertium +lin religion_N = mkN "erlijio" ; --Apertium +lin restaurant_N = mkN "janetxe" ; --| mkN "jatetxe" ; --Apertium +lin river_N = mkN "ibai" ; --Apertium +lin road_N = mkN "kale" ; --| mkN "errepide" ; --Apertium +lin rock_N = mkN "harri" ; --| mkN "arroka" ; --Apertium +lin roof_N = mkN "teilatu" ; --| mkN "sabai" ; --Apertium +lin root_N = mkN "erro" ; --Apertium +lin rope_N = mkN "korda" ; --| mkN "soka" ; --Apertium +lin rotten_A = mkA "ustel" ; --Apertium +lin round_A = mkA "biribil" ; --Apertium +lin rub_V2 = mkV2 "igurtzi" ; --Apertium +lin rubber_N = mkN "goma" ; --Apertium +lin rule_N = mkN "arautegi" ; --| mkN "erregela" ; --Apertium +lin run_V = mkV "korritu" ; --Apertium + +---- +-- S + +lin salt_N = mkN "gatz" ; --Apertium +lin sand_N = mkN "harea" ; --Apertium +lin say_VS = mkVS "esan" ; --Apertium +lin school_N = mkN "eskola" ; --| mkN "ikastola" ; --Apertium +lin science_N = mkN "zientzia" ; --Apertium +lin scratch_V2 = mkV2 "urratu" ; --Apertium +lin sea_N = mkN "itsaso" ; +lin see_V2 = mkV2 "ikusi" ; +lin seed_N = mkN "hazi" ; --Apertium +lin seek_V2 = mkV2 "bilatu" ; --Apertium +lin sell_V3 = mkV3 "saldu" ; --Apertium +lin send_V3 = mkV3 "bidali" ; --| mkV3 "igorri" ; --Apertium +lin sew_V = mkV "josi" ; --Apertium +lin sharp_A = mkA "zorrotz" ; -- | mkA "sarkor" | mkA "zoli" ; --Apertium +lin sheep_N = mkN "ardi" ; --Apertium +lin ship_N = mkN "ontzi" ; --| mkN "itsasontzi" ; --Apertium +lin shirt_N = mkN "alkandora" ; --Apertium +lin shoe_N = mkN "zapata" ; --Apertium +lin shop_N = mkN "denda" ; --| mkN "saltoki" ; --Apertium +lin short_A = mkA "apal" ; --| mkA "baxu" | mkA "labur" | mkA "motz" ; --Apertium +lin silver_N = mkN "zilar" ; --Apertium +lin sing_V = mkV "kantatu" ; --Apertium +lin sister_N = mkN "aizpa" ; --| mkN "arreba" ; --Apertium -- FIXME: Depends on gender of 'possessor' +lin sit_V = mkV "eseri" ; --| mkV "jarri" ; --Apertium +lin skin_N = mkN "larru" ; --Apertium +lin sky_N = mkN "zeru" ; --Apertium +lin sleep_V = mkV "lo" egin_V ; +lin small_A = mkA "txiki" ; --| mkA "apur" | mkA "xume" ; --Apertium +lin smell_V = izanV "usain" ; --Apertium +lin smoke_N = mkN "ke" ; --Apertium +lin smooth_A = mkA "leun" ; --| mkA "liso" ; --Apertium +lin snake_N = mkN "suge" ; --Apertium +lin snow_N = mkN "elur" ; --Apertium +lin sock_N = mkN "galtzetin" ; --Apertium +lin song_N = mkN "abesti" ; --| mkN "kanta" | mkN "kantu" ; --Apertium +lin speak_V2 = lin V2 (mkV "hitz" egin_V) ; --Apertium +lin spit_V = mkV "txistua bota" ; --Apertium +lin split_V2 = mkV2 "pitzatu" ; --| mkV2 "zatitu" ; --Apertium +lin squeeze_V2 = mkV2 "estutu" ; --Apertium +lin stab_V2 = mkV2 "sastatu" ; --Apertium +lin stand_V = mkV "egon" ; --| mkV "eutsi" | mkV "jarri" ; --Apertium +lin star_N = mkN "izar" ; --Apertium +lin steel_N = mkN "altzairu" ; --Apertium +lin stick_N = mkN "palo" ; --Apertium +lin stone_N = mkN "harri" ; --| mkN "hezur" ; --Apertium +lin stop_V = mkV "gelditu" ; --| mkV "geratu" | mkV "atxilotu" | mkV "geldiarazi" ; --Apertium +lin stove_N = mkN "berogailu" ; --| mkN "sukalde" ; --Apertium +lin straight_A = mkA "zuzen" ; --Apertium +lin student_N = mkN "ikasle" ; --Apertium +lin stupid_A = mkA "ergel" ; -- | mkA "tonto" ; --Apertium +lin suck_V2 = mkV2 "edoski" ; --| mkV2 "xurgatu" | mkV2 "zupatu" ; --Apertium +lin sun_N = mkN "eguzki" ; --Apertium +lin swell_V = mkV "handitu" ; --Apertium +lin swim_V = mkV "igeri" egin_V ; --Apertium + +---- +-- T + + +lin table_N = mkN "mahai" ; --| mkN "taula" ; --Apertium +lin tail_N = mkN "buztan" ; --| mkN "kola" ; --Apertium +lin talk_V3 = mkV3 "mintzatu" ; --Apertium +lin teach_V2 = mkV2 "erakutsi" ; --| mkV2 "irakatsi" ; --Apertium +lin teacher_N = mkN "irakasle" ; --Apertium +lin television_N = mkN "telebista" ; --Apertium +lin thick_A = mkA "lodi" ; --Apertium +lin thin_A = mkA "argal" ; -- | mkA "mehe" ; --Apertium +lin think_V = mkV "iritzi" ; --| mkV "pentsatu" ; --Apertium +lin throw_V2 = mkV2 "aurtiki" ; -- | mkV2 "jaurti" | mkV2 "tiratu" ; --Apertium +lin tie_V2 = mkV2 "lotu" ; --Apertium +lin today_Adv = mkAdv "gaur" ; +lin tongue_N = mkN "mihi" ; --| mkN "mizto" ; --Apertium +lin tooth_N = mkN "hortz" ; --Apertium +lin train_N = mkN "tren" ; --Apertium +lin travel_V = mkV "bidaiatu" ; --Apertium +lin tree_N = mkN "zuhaitz" ; --Apertium +lin turn_V = mkV "biratu" ; --| mkV "jiratu" ; --Apertium + +-------- +-- U - V + +lin ugly_A = mkA "itsusi" ; --Apertium +lin uncertain_A = mkA "gezur" ; --Apertium +lin understand_V2 = mkV2 "aditu" ; --| mkV2 "ulertu" ; --Apertium +lin university_N = mkN "unibertsitate" ; --Apertium +lin village_N = mkN "herrixka" ; --Apertium +lin vomit_V = mkV2 "oka" egin_V ; --Apertium + +-------- +-- W - Y + +lin wait_V2 = mkV2 "itxaron" ; --| mkV2 "zain egon" ; --Apertium +lin walk_V = ibili_V ; --Apertium +lin war_N = mkN "gerra" ; --Apertium +lin warm_A = mkA "bero" ; --Apertium +lin wash_V2 = mkV2 "garbitu" ; --Apertium +lin watch_V2 = mkV2 "begiratu" ; --Apertium +lin water_N = mkN "ura" ; --Definite form is ura, not urra ('hazelnut') +lin wet_A = mkA "busti" ; --Apertium +lin white_A = mkA "zuri" ; --| mkA "txuri" ; --Apertium +lin wide_A = mkA "zabal" ; --Apertium +lin wife_N = mkN "emazte" ; --Apertium +lin win_V2 = mkV2 "garaitu" ; --| mkV2 "irabazi" ; --Apertium +lin wind_N = mkN "haize" ; --Apertium +lin window_N = mkN "leiho" ; +lin wine_N = mkN "ardo" ; --Apertium +lin wing_N = mkN "hegal" ; --Apertium +lin wipe_V2 = mkV2 "garbitu" ; --Apertium +lin woman_N = mkN "emakume" animate ; +lin wonder_VQ = mkVQ "galdetu" ; -- galdetu = ask +lin wood_N = mkN "zur" ; --| mkN "baso" ; --Apertium -- leña, bosque +lin worm_N = mkN "har" ; --| mkN "zizare" ; --Apertium +lin write_V2 = mkV2 "idatzi" ; --Apertium +lin year_N = mkN "urte" ; --| mkN "urtebete" ; --Apertium +lin yellow_A = mkA "hori" ; --Apertium +lin young_A = mkA "gazte" ; --Apertium + + + + +oper + + egin_V : V = mkV "egin" ; + + -- Some synthetic verbs + etorri_V : R.Verb = R.syntVerbDa "etorri" R.Etorri ; + + ibili_V : R.Verb = R.syntVerbDa "ibili" R.Ibili ; + + jakin_V2 : R.Verb = R.syntVerbDu "jakin" R.Jakin ; + + joan_V : R.Verb = R.syntVerbDa "joan" R.Joan ; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/MissingEus.gf b/src/basque/MissingEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..93e670fc --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/MissingEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,24 @@ +resource MissingEus = open GrammarEus, Prelude in { + +-- temporary definitions to enable the compilation of RGL API +oper AddAdvQVP : QVP -> IAdv -> QVP = notYet "AddAdvQVP" ; +oper AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN = notYet "AdnCAdv" ; +oper AdvQVP : VP -> IAdv -> QVP = notYet "AdvQVP" ; +oper CleftAdv : Adv -> S -> Cl = notYet "CleftAdv" ; +oper CleftNP : NP -> RS -> Cl = notYet "CleftNP" ; +oper ComparAdvAdjS : CAdv -> A -> S -> Adv = notYet "ComparAdvAdjS" ; +oper ComplSlashIP : VPSlash -> IP -> QVP = notYet "ComplSlashIP" ; +oper ExistIP : IP -> QCl = notYet "ExistIP" ; +oper ExistIPAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl = notYet "ExistIPAdv" ; +oper ExistNP : NP -> Cl = notYet "ExistNP" ; +oper ExistNPAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl= notYet "ExistNPAdv" ; +oper GenericCl : VP -> Cl = notYet "GenericCl" ; +oper ImpP3 : NP -> VP -> Utt = notYet "ImpP3" ; +oper ImpersCl : VP -> Cl = notYet "ImpersCl" ; +oper QuestQVP : IP -> QVP -> QCl = notYet "QuestQVP" ; +oper SelfAdVVP : VP -> VP = notYet "SelfAdVVP" ; +oper SelfAdvVP : VP -> VP = notYet "SelfAdvVP" ; +oper SelfNP : NP -> NP = notYet "SelfNP" ; +oper SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash = notYet "SlashPrep" ; +oper SlashVS : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash = notYet "SlashVS" ; +} diff --git a/src/basque/NounEus.gf b/src/basque/NounEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2606cbba --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/NounEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,263 @@ +concrete NounEus of Noun = CatEus ** open ResEus, Prelude in { + + flags optimize=all_subs ; + + lin + +--2 Noun phrases + +-- The three main types of noun phrases are +-- - common nouns with determiners +-- - proper names +-- - pronouns + + -- : Det -> CN -> NP + DetCN det cn = + let ag : Agr = case det.nbr of { + Sg => Hau ; + Pl => Hauek + } ; + s : Case => Str = + \\c => cn.heavyMod ! ag -- e.g. rel clause, adverb + ++ det.pref -- nire + ++ cn.s ! ag -- baso handi + ++ det.s ! c ! cn.ph -- bat, &+a + ++ cn.comp ; -- ardo gorri + in { s = s ; + stem = s ! Abs ; -- This really shouldn't become relevant: + agr = ag ; -- stem is only used in ApposCN, which makes sense + anim = cn.anim ; -- with NPs formed out of PNs or Symbs. + isDef = det.isDef + } ; + + -- : PN -> NP ; + UsePN pn = { s = \\c => pn.s ++ artIndef ! c ! pn.ph; + stem = pn.s ; + agr = Hau ; + anim = pn.anim ; + isDef = True } ; --in Extra : add UsePNIndef to allow "hemen ez dago Olatzik" + + -- : Pron -> NP ; + UsePron pron = lin NP pron ; + + + -- : Predet -> NP -> NP ; -- only the man + PredetNP predet np = np ** { s = \\cas => predet.s ++ np.s ! cas } ; --TODO: test + + +-- A noun phrase can also be postmodified by the past participle of a +-- verb, by an adverb, or by a relative clause + + + -- : NP -> V2 -> NP ; -- the man seen / ikusi gizona (sounds weird but so does English) + PPartNP np v2 = np ** { s = \\c => v2.prc ! Past ++ np.s ! c } ; + + -- : NP -> Adv -> NP ; -- Paris today ; boys, such as .. + AdvNP,ExtAdvNP = \np,adv -> np ** { s = \\c => adv.s ++ np.s ! c } ; + + + -- : NP -> RS -> NP ; -- Paris, which is here + RelNP np rs = np ** { s = \\c => rs.s ! np.agr ++ np.s ! c } ; + +-- Determiners can form noun phrases directly. + + -- : Det -> NP ; -- nirea ? + DetNP det = + let f : Case => Str = + \\c => if_then_Str det.indep + (det.pref ++ det.s ! c ! FinalCons) + nonExist ; -- To prevent forms that start with BIND + in { s = f ; + stem = f ! Abs ; + agr = case det.nbr of {Sg => Hau ; Pl => Hauek } ; + anim = Inan ; + isDef = det.isDef } ; + + -- MassNP : CN -> NP ; + MassNP cn = + let s : Case => Str = + \\c => cn.heavyMod ! Hau -- e.g. rel clause, adverb + ++ cn.s ! Hau -- baso handi + ++ artIndef ! c ! cn.ph -- no -a in Abs + ++ cn.comp ; -- ardo gorri + in { s = s ; + stem = s ! Abs ; + agr = Hau ; + anim = Inan ; + isDef = False } ; + + +--2 Determiners + +-- The determiner has a fine-grained structure, in which a 'nucleus' +-- quantifier and an optional numeral can be discerned. + + -- : Quant -> Num -> Det ; + DetQuant quant num = quant ** + { s = \\c,ph => case of { --numeral 1 ("bat") goes after NP! + => num.s ++ quant.s ! num.n ! c ! FinalCons ; + _ => quant.s ! num.n ! c ! ph + } ; + nbr = num.n ; + pref = case num.n of { + Sg => quant.pref ; + Pl => quant.pref ++ num.s + } ; + isDef = orB quant.isDef num.isNum } ; + + -- : Quant -> Num -> Ord -> Det ; -- these five best + DetQuantOrd quant num ord = + let theseFive = DetQuant quant num + in theseFive ** { s = \\c,ph => theseFive.s ! c ! ph ++ ord.s } ; --TODO: dummy implementation + +-- Whether the resulting determiner is singular or plural depends on the +-- cardinal. + +-- All parts of the determiner can be empty, except $Quant$, which is +-- the "kernel" of a determiner. It is, however, the $Num$ that determines +-- the inherent number. + + NumSg = { s = [] ; n = Sg ; isNum = False } ; + NumPl = { s = [] ; n = Pl ; isNum = False } ; + + -- : Card -> Num ; + NumCard card = (card ** { isNum = True }) ; + + -- : Digits -> Card ; + NumDigits dig = { s = dig.s ! NCard ; n = dig.n } ; + + -- : Numeral -> Card ; + NumNumeral num = num ; + + -- : AdN -> Card -> Card ; + AdNum adn card = card ** { s = adn.s ++ card.s } ; + + -- : Digits -> Ord ; + OrdDigits digs = digs ** { s = digs.s ! NOrd } ; + + -- : Numeral -> Ord ; + OrdNumeral num = num ; + + -- : A -> Ord ; + OrdSuperl a = { s = a.s ! AF Superl ; n = Sg } ; -- why force Sg? + +-- One can combine a numeral and a superlative. + + -- : Numeral -> A -> Ord ; -- third largest + OrdNumeralSuperl num a = num ** { s = num.s ++ a.s ! AF Superl } ; --TODO: is the word order correct? + + -- : Quant + DefArt = { s = artDef ; + indep = False ; + pref = [] ; + isDef = True } ; + -- : Quant + IndefArt = { s = artDef ; + indep = False ; + pref = [] ; + isDef = False } ; --has suffix, but turns into partitive in negative! + + -- : Pron -> Quant + PossPron pron = { s = artDef ; + indep = True ; + pref = pron.s ! Gen ; + isDef = True } ; + +--2 Common nouns + + -- : N -> CN + -- : N2 -> CN ; + UseN,UseN2 = ResEus.useN ; + + + -- : N2 -> NP -> CN ; -- mother of the king + ComplN2 n2 np = + let compl = applyPost n2.compl1 np ; + in useN n2 ** { s = \\agr => compl ++ n2.s } ; + + -- : N3 -> NP -> N2 ; -- distance from this city (to Paris) + ComplN3 n3 np = + let compl = applyPost n3.compl2 np ; + in n3 ** {s = compl ++ n3.s } ; + + -- : N3 -> N2 ; -- distance (from this city) + Use2N3 n3 = lin N2 n3 ** { compl1 = n3.compl2 } ; + + -- : N3 -> N2 ; -- distance (to Paris) + Use3N3 n3 = lin N2 n3 ; + + -- : AP -> CN -> CN + AdjCN ap cn = + let a : Str = artIndef ! Abs ! cn.ph ; --`a' for FinalA, [] for other + result : {s : Agr => Str ; ph : Phono} = + case ap.typ of { + Ko => { s = \\agr => ap.s ++ cn.s ! agr ; + ph = cn.ph } ; + Bare => { s = \\agr => cn.s ! agr ++ a ++ ap.s ; + ph = ap.ph } + } ; + in cn ** { s = result.s ; + ph = result.ph } ; + + -- : CN -> RS -> CN ; + RelCN cn rs = cn ** { heavyMod = \\agr => cn.heavyMod ! agr ++ rs.s ! agr } ; + + + -- : CN -> Adv -> CN ; + AdvCN cn adv = cn ** { heavyMod = \\agr => cn.heavyMod ! agr ++ adv.s } ; + +-- Nouns can also be modified by embedded sentences and questions. +-- For some nouns this makes little sense, but we leave this for applications +-- to decide. Sentential complements are defined in VerbEus. + + -- : CN -> SC -> CN ; -- question where she sleeps + SentCN cn sc = cn ** { heavyMod = \\agr => cn.heavyMod ! agr ++ sc.s } ; + + +--2 Apposition + +-- This is certainly overgenerating. + + -- : CN -> NP -> CN ; -- city Paris (, numbers x and y) + ApposCN cn np = cn ** { s = \\agr => np.stem ++ cn.s ! agr } ; + + +--2 Possessive and partitive constructs + + -- : PossNP : CN -> NP -> CN ; -- (mutilaren / taberna honetako) garagardo + PossNP cn np = + let npPoss = applyPost (case np.anim of { + Anim => mkPost [] Gen False ; + Inan => mkPost "ko" LocStem True + }) np ; + in cn ** { s = \\agr => npPoss ++ cn.s ! agr } ; + + -- : CN -> NP -> CN ; -- glass of wine / baso bat ardo beltz + -- two kilos of red apples / bi kilo sagar gorri + PartNP cn np = + let baso = cn ; + sagarGorri = np.stem + in baso ** { comp = sagarGorri } ; + + + +-- This is different from the partitive, as shown by many languages. + + -- : Det -> NP -> NP ; -- gutarik zenbait + CountNP det np = np ** + { s = \\c => elative np + ++ det.pref + ++ det.s ! c ! FinalCons } ; -- Nonsense for DefArt or IndefArt + +--3 Conjoinable determiners and ones with adjectives + + -- : DAP -> AP -> DAP ; -- the large (one) + AdjDAP dap ap = dap ** { s = \\cas,ph => ap.s ++ dap.s ! cas ! ph } ; + + -- : Det -> DAP ; -- this (or that) + DetDAP det = det ; + +oper + elative : NP -> Str = \np -> glue (np.s ! LocStem) "rik" ; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/NumeralEus.gf b/src/basque/NumeralEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8d2430a0 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/NumeralEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,116 @@ +concrete NumeralEus of Numeral = CatEus [Numeral,Digits] ** open Prelude, ResEus, ParamX in { + +oper LinDigit : Type = { s : DForm => Str ; + n : Number ; + even20 : Even20 } ; + +oper mk20Ten : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> LinDigit = \tri,t,fiche,h -> + { s = table { Unit => tri ; + Teen => t ; + Twenty => fiche ; + Hund => h + "ehun"} ; + even20 = Ten ; + n = Pl } ; + +oper mkeven20 : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str -> LinDigit = \se,t,trifichid,h -> + { s = table { Unit => se ; + Teen => t ; + Twenty => trifichid ; + Hund => h + "ehun" } ; + even20 = Even ; + n = Pl } ; + +param Even20 = Ten | Even ; +param DForm = Unit | Teen | Twenty | Hund ; + +--lincat Numeral = {s : Str} ; +lincat Digit = LinDigit ; +lincat Sub10 = LinDigit ; +lincat Sub100 = {s : Str ; n : Number } ; +lincat Sub1000 = {s : Str ; n : Number ; isHundred : Bool } ; +lincat Sub1000000 = {s : Str ; n : Number } ; + + +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + + +-- num : Sub1000000 -> Numeral ; +lin num x0 = lin Numeral x0 ; + +lin n2 = mkeven20 "bi" "hamabi" "hogei" "berr" ; +lin n3 = mk20Ten "hiru" "hamahiru"{-"hamahirur"-} "hogei" "hirur"; +lin n4 = mkeven20 "lau" "hamalau"{-"hamalaur"-} "berrogei" "laur"; +lin n5 = mk20Ten "bost" "hamabost"{-"hamabortz"-} "berrogei" "bost"; +lin n6 = mkeven20 "sei" "hamasei" "hirurogei" "seir" ; +lin n7 = mk20Ten "zazpi" "hamazazpi" "hirurogei" "zazpi" ; +lin n8 = mkeven20 "zortzi" "hemezortzi" "laurogei" "zortzi" ; +lin n9 = mk20Ten "bederatzi" "hemeretzi" "laurogei" "bederatzi" ; + +lin pot01 = + {s = table {Unit => "bat" ; Hund => "ehun" ; _ => []} ; even20 = Ten ; n = Sg }; +lin pot0 d = d ; +lin pot110 = {s = "hamar" ; n = Pl} ; +lin pot111 = {s = variants {"hamaika" ; "hameka"} ; n = Pl} ; +lin pot1to19 d = {s = d.s ! Teen ; n = Pl} ; +lin pot0as1 n = {s = n.s ! Unit ; n = n.n} ; +lin pot1 d = + {s = case d.even20 of { + Even => d.s ! Twenty ; + Ten => glue (d.s ! Twenty) "tahamar" } ; + n = Pl} ; +lin pot1plus d e = + {s = case d.even20 of { + Even => d.s ! Twenty ++ "ta" ++ e.s ! Unit ; + Ten => d.s ! Twenty ++ "ta" ++ e.s ! Teen } ; + n = Pl} ; + +lin pot1as2 n = n ** { isHundred = False } ; +lin pot2 d = {s = d.s ! Hund ; n = Pl ; isHundred = True } ; +lin pot2plus d e = + { s = d.s ! Hund ++ "ta" ++ e.s ; + n = Pl ; + isHundred = True } ; +lin pot2as3 n = n ; +lin pot3 n = + {s = table {Sg => [] ; Pl => n.s } ! n.n ++ "mila" ; + n = n.n } ; + + +lin pot3plus n m = + let ta = if_then_Str m.isHundred [] "ta" ; --no `ta' between 1000 and 100 + in + { s = table {Sg => [] ; Pl => n.s } ! n.n ++ "mila" ++ ta ++ m.s ; + n = n.n } ; + +---------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +lincat Dig = TDigit ; + +oper + TDigit : Type = { s : CardOrd => Str ; n : Number } ; + mkDig : Str -> TDigit = \c -> mk2Dig c Pl ; + + mk2Dig : Str -> Number -> TDigit = \c,num -> + { s = table { NCard => c ; + NOrd => c + "garren" } ;--TODO: make it more noun-like? + n = num } ; + + + +lin D_0 = mkDig "0" ; +lin D_1 = mk2Dig "1" Sg ; +lin D_2 = mkDig "2" ; +lin D_3 = mkDig "3" ; +lin D_4 = mkDig "4" ; +lin D_5 = mkDig "5" ; +lin D_6 = mkDig "6" ; +lin D_7 = mkDig "7" ; +lin D_8 = mkDig "8" ; +lin D_9 = mkDig "9" ; + + -- : Dig -> Digits ; +lin IDig dig = dig ; + -- : Dig -> Digits -> Digits ; +lin IIDig dig digs = digs ** {s = \\co => glue (dig.s ! co) (digs.s ! co) } ; + +} diff --git a/src/basque/ParadigmsEus.gf b/src/basque/ParadigmsEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..537786f4 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ParadigmsEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,177 @@ +resource ParadigmsEus = open CatEus, ResEus, Prelude in { + +oper + +--2 Parameters +-- +-- To abstract over number, valency and (some) case names, +-- we define the following identifiers. The application programmer +-- should always use these constants instead of the constructors +-- defined in $ResEus$. + Number : Type ; + sg : Number ; + pl : Number ; + + -- Only restricted to izan and ukan, no other synthetic verbs. + -- If you need to add a new synthetic verb, see syntVerbNor and syntVerbNork in ResEus. + AuxType : Type ; + da : AuxType ; + du : AuxType ; + zaio : AuxType ; + dio : AuxType ; + + Case : Type ; + absolutive : Case ; + ergative : Case ; + dative : Case ; + genitive : Case ; + partitive : Case ; + inessive : Case ; + instrumental : Case ; -- Instrumental : + sociative : Case ; -- Sociative/comitative : txakurrarekin `with the dog' + + Animacy : Type ; + animate : Animacy ; + inanim : Animacy ; + +--2 Nouns + + mkN = overload { + mkN : Str -> N = \s -> lin N (mkNoun s) ; + mkN : Str -> Bizi -> N = \s,bizi -> lin N (mkNoun s ** { anim = bizi }) ; + } ; + + mkPN : Str -> PN = \s -> lin PN (mkPNoun s) ; + + mkN2 = overload { + mkN2 : Str -> N2 = \s -> lin N2 (mkNoun2 s genitive) ; + mkN2 : Str -> Case -> N2 = \s,cas -> lin N2 (mkNoun2 s cas) ; + } ; + +--2 Adjectives + + mkA = overload { + mkA : Str -> A = \s -> lin A (regAdj s) ; + mkA : Str -> A -> A = \s,a -> irregAdvAdj s a + } ; + +-- mkA2 : Str -> A2 = \s -> lin A2 (mkAdj s) ; + + + +--2 Verbs + + mkV = overload { + + mkV : Str -> V = \s -> lin V (mkVerbDa s) ; -- + + mkV : Str -> V -> V = \lo,egin -> + lin V (egin ** { prc = \\t => lo ++ egin.prc ! t }) ; + + } ; + + -- For verbs with non-inflecting participle, see izanV, egonV and ukanV. + + mkV2 = overload { + mkV2 : Str -> V2 = \s -> lin V2 (mkVerbDu s) ; + + mkV2 : Str -> AuxType -> V2 = \s,val -> lin V2 (mkVerbDa s ** { val = val }) ; + + mkV2 : Str -> V -> V2 = \lo,egin -> + lin V2 (egin ** { prc = \\t => lo ++ egin.prc ! t ; + val = Du Ukan }) ; + + } ; + + mkVA : Str -> VA = \s -> lin VA (mkVerbDa s) ; -- Nor + + mkV2A : Str -> V2A = \s -> lin V2A (mkVerbDu s) ; -- Nor-nork + mkVQ : Str -> VQ = \s -> lin VQ (mkVerbDu s) ; -- Nor-nork + mkVS : Str -> VS = \s -> lin VS (mkVerbDu s) ; -- Nor-nork + + + mkV2V : Str -> V2V = \s -> lin V2V (mkVerbDio s) ; -- ??? TODO check valency + mkV2S : Str -> V2S = \s -> lin V2S (mkVerbDio s) ; -- Nor-nori-nork: (mutilari) (neska datorrela) erantzun diot + mkV2Q : Str -> V2Q = \s -> lin V2Q (mkVerbDio s) ; -- Nor-nori-nork: (mutilari) (neska datorren) galdetu diot + mkV3 : Str -> V3 = \s -> lin V3 (mkVerbDio s) ; -- Nor-nori-nork: (mutilari) (garagardoa) edan diot + + + ----- + -- Verbs with non-inflecting participle + -- These are just Verb, use izanV or egonV for intransitive and ukanV for transitive. + + izanV : Str -> Verb = \bizi -> + mkVerbDa bizi ** { prc = \\_ => bizi } ; -- Non-inflecting participle, auxtype is Da (nor): e.g. "bizi naiz", "beldur naiz" + + egonV : Str -> Verb = \zain -> + mkVerbDaEgon zain ** { prc = \\_ => zain } ; -- Non-inflecting participle, auxtype is Da (nor), but with egon: e.g. "zain nago" + + + ukanV : Str -> Verb = \maite -> + mkVerbDu maite ** { prc = \\_ => maite } ; -- Non-inflecting participle, auxtype is Du (nor-nork): e.g, "maite zaitut" + + +--2 Structural categories + + mkPrep = overload { + mkPrep : Str -> Prep = \s -> + lin Prep (mkPost s genitive False) ; -- Default postposition: complement case genitive, not affixed; e.g. "nire atzean" + + mkPrep : Str -> (complCase : Case) -> Prep = \s,compl -> + lin Prep (mkPost s compl False) ; -- Specify complement case; not affixed + + mkPrep : Str -> (complCase : Case) -> (affixed : Bool) -> Prep = \s,compl,konf -> + lin Prep (mkPost s compl konf) ; -- Specify complement case and whether it is affixed + } ; + + affixPrep : Str -> Case -> Prep = \str,cas -> + mkPrep str cas True ; -- Specify case, affix postposition to chosen case; e.g. neskaren+tzat `for the girl' + + + locPrep : Str -> Prep = \str -> + affixPrep str ResEus.LocStem ; -- Locative postpositions/cases attach to the same stem: mutile+tik, mutile+ra. Inessive is split into its own case, because of its behaviour with nouns ending in A. + + + mkConj : (_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Conj = \s1,s2,num -> lin Conj { s1 = s1 ; s2 = s2 ; nbr = num } ; + mkSubj : Str -> Bool -> Subj = \s,b -> lin Subj { s = s ; isPre = b } ; + + mkAdv : Str -> Adv = \s -> lin Adv {s = s} ; + + mkAdV : Str -> AdV = \s -> lin AdV {s = s} ; + + mkAdA : Str -> AdA = \s -> lin AdA {s = s} ; + + +--. +------------------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are +-- hidden from the document. + + Number = ResEus.Number ; + sg = Sg ; + pl = Pl ; + + AuxType = ResEus.AuxType ; + da = Da Izan ; + du = Du Ukan ; + zaio = Zaio ; + dio = Dio ; + + Case = ResEus.Case ; + absolutive = Abs ; + ergative = Erg ; + dative = Dat ; + genitive = Gen ; + partitive = Par ; + inessive = Ine ; + instrumental = Ins ; + sociative = Soc ; + + Animacy = ResEus.Bizi ; + animate = Anim ; + inanim = Inan ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------------------- + +} + diff --git a/src/basque/ParamEus.gf b/src/basque/ParamEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..62ecf76f --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ParamEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,101 @@ +resource ParamEus = ParamX ** open Prelude in { + + +param + + ClType = Stat | Indir | Qst ; + + + -- Every verb has some fully inflecting part: + -- if the whole verb is one of these synthetic verbs, then there won't be a participle + -- (or it's only in some tenses/persons/something). + -- AditzTrinkoak has all the inflection tables fully spelt out, + -- and here we just make nice neat set of parameters that go into the verbs. + SyntVerb1 = Izan | Egon | Ibili | Etorri | Joan ; + SyntVerb2 = Ukan | Jakin | Eduki ; --TODO others + + + AuxType = Da SyntVerb1 + | Du SyntVerb2 + | Zaio | Dio ; --always Ukan ? + + + +{- + Type of adjectival phrase, e.g. + + kale txiki+a [APType = Bare] + itsaso+ra+ko kale+a [APType = Ko] +-} + APType = Ko | Bare ; + + AForm = AF Degree | AAdv ; + + Bizi = Inan | Anim ; + + Case = Abs | Erg | Dat | Par -- Core argument cases + | Gen | Soc | Ins | Ine -- Irregular stems + | LocStem ; -- LocStem is inessive without -an; many other cases use same stem! + + +-- Degree = Posit | Compar | Superl | Excess ; + CardOrd = NCard | NOrd ; + + Gender = Masc | Fem ; + + Agr = Ni | Hi Gender | Zu | Hau | Gu | Zuek | Hauek ; + + Phono = FinalA | FinalR | FinalCons | FinalVow ; + + +oper + -- Opers to manipulate params. + + sgAgr : Agr -> Agr = \agr -> + case agr of { Gu => Ni ; + Zuek => Zu ; + Hauek => Hau ; + agr => agr } ; + + plAgr : Agr -> Agr = \agr -> + case agr of { Ni => Gu ; + Zu => Zuek ; + Hi _ => Zuek ; + Hau => Hauek ; + agr => agr } ; + + getNum : Agr -> Number = \np -> + case np of { + (Ni|Hi _|Zu|Hau) => Sg ; + (Gu|Zuek|Hauek) => Pl + } ; + + getPers : Agr -> Person = \np -> + case np of { + (Ni|Gu) => P1 ; + (Hi _ |Zu|Zuek) => P2 ; + (Hau|Hauek) => P3 + } ; + + subjCase : AuxType -> Case = \val -> + case val of { + Da _ => Abs ; + Zaio => Dat ; + _ => Erg } ; + + + isSynthetic : AuxType -> Bool = \val -> + case val of { + Da Izan => False ; + Du Ukan => False ; + Zaio => False ; + Dio => False ; + _ => True } ; + + defaultAux : AuxType -> AuxType = \val -> + case val of { + Da _ => Da Izan ; + Du _ => Du Ukan ; + x => x } ; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/PhraseEus.gf b/src/basque/PhraseEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..506074bd --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/PhraseEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,32 @@ +concrete PhraseEus of Phrase = CatEus ** open Prelude, ResEus in { + + lin + PhrUtt pconj utt voc = {s = pconj.s ++ utt.s ++ voc.s} ; + + UttS s = { s = s.s.beforeAux ++ s.s.aux.indep ++ s.s.afterAux } ; + UttQS qs = { s = let s = qs.s ! Qst + in s.beforeAux ++ s.aux.indep ++ s.afterAux } ; + + UttImpSg pol imp = + let ez = case pol.p of { Pos => [] ; Neg => "ez" } + in { s = ez ++ imp.s } ; + UttImpPl = UttImpSg ; + UttImpPol = UttImpSg ; + + UttIP ip = { s = ip.s ! Abs} ; + UttIAdv iadv = iadv ; + UttNP np = { s = np.s ! Abs} ; + UttVP vp = { s = linVP vp } ; + UttAdv adv = adv ; + UttCN n = {s = n.s ! Hau ++ artDef ! Sg ! Abs ! n.ph } ; + UttCard n = n ; + UttAP ap = ap ; + UttInterj i = i ; + + NoPConj = {s = []} ; + PConjConj conj = { s = conj.s1 ++ conj.s2 } ; + + NoVoc = {s = []} ; + VocNP np = { s = "," ++ np.s ! Abs } ; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/QuestionEus.gf b/src/basque/QuestionEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..76c3dfb0 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/QuestionEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ +concrete QuestionEus of Question = CatEus ** open ResEus, (VE=VerbEus), (NE=NounEus), (AE=AdverbEus) in { + +-- A question can be formed from a clause ('yes-no question') or +-- with an interrogative. + + lin + -- : Cl -> QCl ; + QuestCl cl = cl ; --Cl and QCl are both ResEus.Clause : + -- { s : Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => Sentence } ; + + -- : IP -> VP -> QCl ; + QuestVP = qclFromVP ; + + -- : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl ; -- whom does John love / mutilak nor maite du + QuestSlash = clFromSlash ; + + -- : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ; -- why does John walk + -- nola (how), zerbait (how much), noiz (when), non (where), zergatik (why) + QuestIAdv iadv cl = + { s = \\t,a,p,c => + let sent = cl.s ! t ! a ! p ! Indir ; -- no "al" with a wh-word! + in { beforeAux = iadv.s ++ sent.beforeAux ; + aux = sent.aux ; + afterAux = sent.afterAux } + } ; + + -- : IComp -> NP -> QCl ; -- John non da ; TODO maybe other word order, non da John? + QuestIComp icomp np = qclFromVP np (insertComp icomp.s (VE.copulaVP Izan)) ; + +-- Interrogative pronouns can be formed with interrogative +-- determiners, with or without a noun. + + -- : IDet -> CN -> IP ; -- which five songs + IdetCN = NE.DetCN ; + + -- : IDet -> IP ; -- which five + IdetIP = NE.DetNP ; + +-- They can be modified with adverbs. + -- : IP -> Adv -> IP ; -- who in Paris + AdvIP = NE.AdvNP ; + +-- Interrogative quantifiers have number forms and can take number modifiers. + + -- : IQuant -> Num -> IDet ; -- which (five) + IdetQuant = NE.DetQuant ; + +-- Interrogative adverbs can be formed prepositionally. + -- : Prep -> IP -> IAdv ; -- with whom + PrepIP = AE.PrepNP ; + +-- They can be modified with other adverbs. + + -- : IAdv -> Adv -> IAdv ; -- where in Paris + AdvIAdv = AE.AdAdv ; + +-- Interrogative complements to copulas can be both adverbs and +-- pronouns. + + -- : IAdv -> IComp ; + CompIAdv iadv = iadv ; -- where (is it) + + -- : IP -> IComp ; + CompIP ip = { s = ip.s ! Abs } ; -- who (is it) + +{- +-- More $IP$, $IDet$, and $IAdv$ are defined in $Structural$. + +-- Wh questions with two or more question words require a new, special category. + + cat + QVP ; -- buy what where + fun + ComplSlashIP : VPSlash -> IP -> QVP ; -- buys what + AdvQVP : VP -> IAdv -> QVP ; -- lives where + AddAdvQVP : QVP -> IAdv -> QVP ; -- buys what where + + QuestQVP : IP -> QVP -> QCl ; -- who buys what where +-} + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/RelativeEus.gf b/src/basque/RelativeEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..ba0b72d3 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/RelativeEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,62 @@ +concrete RelativeEus of Relative = CatEus ** open ResEus, Prelude, (NE=NounEus), (SE=StructuralEus) in { + + +lin + -- : Cl -> RCl ; -- such that John loves her ???? + RelCl cl = { -- TODO: this is likely horribly wrong! + s = \\t,a,pol,agr => + let sent = cl.s ! t ! a ! pol ! Stat ; + in sent.beforeAux ++ sent.aux.indep ++ sent.afterAux } ; + + -- : RP -> VP -> RCl ; + RelVP rp vp = ResEus.rclFromVP rp.s vp ; + + -- : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl ; -- whom John loves + RelSlash rp cls = ResEus.rclFromSlash rp.s cls ; + + + -- : RP ; + IdRP = { s = BIND ++ "n" } ; + + -- : Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP ; -- the mother of whom + FunRP prep np rp = { s = applyPost prep whom ++ np.s ! Abs } + where { num = case np.agr of { + Hau => NE.NumSg ; + _ => NE.NumPl } ; + whom = NE.DetNP (NE.DetQuant SE.which_IQuant num) } ; + +{- +12:18:16 < inariksit> or "the dog, to whom I sing" +12:18:25 < inariksit> or "the dog, with whom I walk" +12:18:55 < spectei> "the mother of whom?" = "la madre de quien?" = "noren ama?" +12:19:37 < olatz> txakurra, zeinari abesten diodan. Would be the tranlsation, but.... +12:20:35 < inariksit> it's just like "the dog who loves beer" = "garagardoa maite duten txakurra", but now with a preposition; "the dog to whom the owner sings" +12:21:04 < olatz> spectei, yes! and "zeinen ama?" too +12:21:39 < olatz> jabeak abesten dion txakurra + +12:22:36 < olatz> those are very complicated sentences!! +12:22:37 < olatz> hahah +12:23:02 < olatz> "the dog, to whom I sing" -> abesten diodan txakurra +12:24:11 < inariksit> aah yeah, you have to change the copula too + +12:27:23 < olatz> the dog, with whom I walk -> txakurra, zeinarekin ibiltzen naizen (this is absolutely not natural for basque :-S) +12:29:27 < olatz> I walk with you -> zurekin ibiltzen naiz +12:29:40 < olatz> I walk with the dog -> Txakurrarekin ibiltzen naiz +12:30:40 < olatz> so..... walk with -> -kin ibili. but..... the dog,.... must be absolutive +12:32:18 < spectei> yeah, you are missing a kind of word +12:32:36 < spectei> that kind of word is a pro-NP that stands in place of the thing that the relative is modifying +12:32:46 < olatz> txakurra, zeinarekin ibiltzen naizen +12:32:53 < spectei> like HARGLE-kin ibiltzen naizen txakurra +12:32:53 < begiak> bargle! +12:33:02 < inariksit> so this kind of clause wouldn't come before the txakurra? +12:33:41 < inariksit> like (nik) maite duten txakurra or (nik) abesten diodan txakurra +12:34:18 < olatz> yes.... zeinarekin.... +12:35:54 < spectei> olatz, so "zeinarekin ibiltzen naizen txakurra" would be syntactically well formed? +12:38:18 < olatz> I would say... txakurra, zeinarekin ibiltzen naizen +12:39:20 < spectei> ok +12:39:28 < olatz> I'm not a linguist so I'm not sure about the syntactic correctness of the one above, but I would correct it if one my + students writes it. + +-} + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/ResEus.gf b/src/basque/ResEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..5dc60db1 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/ResEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,618 @@ +resource ResEus = ParamEus ** open TenseX, AditzTrinkoak, Prelude in { + +flags optimize=all ; +coding=utf8 ; + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Articles +oper + + artDef : Number => Case => Phono => Str = + let artASg = table {Abs => finalR "a" ; --itsaso+a ; txakur+ra + Erg => finalR "ak" ; + Dat => finalR "ari" ; + Gen => finalR "aren" ; + Soc => finalR "arekin" ; + Ins => finalR "az" ; + + Par => table {FinalA => BIND ++ "arik" ; --nesk+arik + FinalCons => BIND ++ "ik" ; --mutil+ik + _ => BIND ++ "rik" } ; --txakur+rik, itsaso+rik + + Ine => table {FinalCons => BIND ++ "ean" ; --mutil+ean + FinalR => BIND ++ "rean" ; --txakur+rean + _ => BIND ++ "an" } ;--itsaso+an, nesk+an + + LocStem => table {FinalCons => BIND ++ "e" ; --mutile+tik + FinalR => BIND ++ "re" ; --txakurre+tik + FinalA => BIND ++ "a" ; --neska+tik + _ => [] } --itsaso+tik + }; + in table {Sg => artASg ; + Pl => table {Abs => finalR "ak" ; + Erg => finalR "ek" ; + Dat => finalR "ei" ; + Gen => finalR "en" ; + Soc => finalR "ekin" ; + Ins => finalR "ez" ; + Ine => finalR "etan" ; + LocStem => finalR "eta" ; --txakur+ret+atik + Par => artASg ! Par --invariant number in partitive + } + } ; + + artIndef : Case => Phono => Str = + \\cas,pho => case of { + => artDef ! Sg ! Abs ! FinalA ; + => [] ; + => artDef ! Pl ! c ! ph } ; + + + finalR : Str -> (Phono => Str) = \ak -> + let rak : Str = "r" + ak ; + in table {FinalR => BIND ++ rak ; + _ => BIND ++ ak } ; + + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Det, Quant + + Determiner : Type = BaseDet ** + { s : Case => Phono => Str ; -- hauek + nbr : Number } ; + + indefDet : Str -> Number -> Determiner = \zenbait,num -> + { s = artIndef ; + indep = True ; + nbr = num ; + pref = zenbait ; + isDef = False } ; + + defDet : Str -> Number -> Determiner = \s,n -> + indefDet s n ** { isDef = True } ; + + Quant : Type = BaseDet ** { s : Number => Case => Phono => Str } ; + + BaseDet : Type = { indep : Bool ; + pref : Str ; -- nire + isDef : Bool } ; + + quantHau : Number => Case => Phono => Str = + \\num,cas,ph => + let a = case ph of { FinalA => BIND ++ "a" ; _ => [] } ; + in case of { + => a ++ "hau" ; + => a ++ "honek" ; + => a ++ "honi" ; + => a ++ "honen" ; + => a ++ "honekin" ; + => a ++ "honetaz" ; + => a ++ "honetan" ; + => a ++ "honeta" ; + => a ++ "hauek" ; + => a ++ "hauek" ; + => a ++ "hauei" ; + => a ++ "hauen" ; + => a ++ "hauekin" ; + => a ++ "hauetaz" ; + => a ++ "hauetan" ; + => a ++ "haueta" ; + <_,Par> => artIndef ! Par ! ph ++ "hau" --TODO: check how to handle partitive + } ; + + quantHori : Number => Case => Phono => Str = + \\num,cas,ph => + let a = case ph of { FinalA => BIND ++ "a" ; _ => [] } ; + in case of { + => a ++ "hori" ; + => a ++ "horrek" ; + => a ++ "horri" ; + => a ++ "horren" ; + => a ++ "horrekin" ; + => a ++ "horretaz" ; + => a ++ "horretan" ; + => a ++ "horreta" ; + => a ++ "horiek" ; + => a ++ "horiek" ; + => a ++ "horiei" ; + => a ++ "horien" ; + => a ++ "horiekin" ; + => a ++ "horietaz" ; + => a ++ "horietan" ; + => a ++ "horieta" ; + <_,Par> => artIndef ! Par ! ph ++ "hori" + } ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Nouns and NPs + + Noun : Type = { s : Str ; --for nouns ending in -a, we chop off the -a, and add it in the article + cases. + ph : Phono ; + anim : Bizi } ; + + Noun2 : Type = Noun ** { compl1 : Postposizio } ; -- "mother of X": genitive? + Noun3 : Type = Noun2 ** { compl2 : Postposizio } ; -- "mother of X": genitive? + + PNoun : Type = Noun ** { nbr : Number } ; + + mkNoun : Str -> Noun = \s -> + let stem : Str = case last s of { + "a" => init s ; + _ => s } ; + phono : Phono = case last s of { + "a" => FinalA ; + "r" => FinalR ; + ("e"|"i"|"o"|"u") => FinalVow ; + _ => FinalCons } + in { s = stem ; ph = phono ; anim=Inan } ; + + mkNoun2 : Str -> Case -> Noun2 = \s,cas -> mkNoun s ** { compl1 = mkPost [] cas False } ; + + mkPNoun : Str -> PNoun = \s -> mkNoun s ** {nbr = Sg ; anim=Anim} ; + + + + CNoun : Type = { s : Agr => Str ; -- When we combine CN with RS, we introduce Agr distinction + comp : Str ; -- For PartNP; "s = baso | bat | comp = ardo gorri" + ph : Phono ; + anim : Bizi ; + heavyMod : Agr => Str } ; -- Relative clause or adverbial + -- If it's "heavy", numbers and possessives come after. + -- "Light" modifiers attach directly to the s. + + linCNIndef : CNoun -> Str = linCN False ; + linCNDef : CNoun -> Str = linCN True ; + + linCN : Bool -> CNoun -> Str = \isDef,cn -> + let art = if_then_else (Case => Phono => Str) isDef (artDef ! Sg) artIndef ; + in cn.heavyMod ! Hau -- e.g. rel clause, adverb + ++ cn.s ! Hau -- baso handi + ++ art ! Abs ! cn.ph -- &+a / bat / - + ++ cn.comp ; -- ardo gorri + + + + useN : Noun -> CNoun = \n -> n ** { s = \\_ => n.s ; + comp = [] ; + heavyMod = \\_ => [] } ; + + Complement : Type = { s : Agr => Str ; + copula : SyntVerb1 } ; + + + NounPhrase : Type = { s : Case => Str ; + stem : Str ; -- without article, used in ApposCN + agr : Agr ; + anim : Bizi ; + isDef : Bool } ; + +-- NounPhrase is a record +-- a record is a thing with fields +-- fields can be any type +-- exempelvis, NounPhrase is a record with two fields +-- the two fields are .s. and .agr. +-- the field .s. is a table from Case => Str ... e.g. it has two columns, first column is Case and second column is Str +-- last column is return type, all other columns are arguments +-- exempelvis: +--- { Abs => "hargle"; Erg => "bargle" } +-- the field .agr. is of type Agr. + + buru_NP : NounPhrase = { s = \\_ => "buru" ; + stem = "buru" ; + agr = Hau ; + anim = Anim ; + isDef = True } ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Postpositions + + Postposizio : Type = { s : Str ; + complCase : Case ; -- dirurik gabe : Par + -- hormaren kontra : Gen + affixed : Bool } ; + + mkPost : Str -> Case -> Bool -> Postposizio = \ko,loc,b -> + { s = ko ; complCase = loc ; affixed = b } ; + + noPost : Postposizio = mkPost [] Abs False ; + + glueIf : Bool -> (_,_ : Str) -> Str = \affixed,a,b -> + if_then_Str affixed (glue a b) (a ++ b) ; + + applyPost : Postposizio -> NounPhrase -> Str = \post,np -> + glueIf post.affixed (np.s ! post.complCase) post.s ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Pronoun + + Pronoun : Type = NounPhrase ; + + persPron : (x1,_,_,_,x5 : Str) -> Agr -> Pronoun = \nor,nori,nork,nore,zertaz,a-> + { s = table { Erg => nork ; + Abs => nor ; + Dat => nori ; + Par => nonExist ; + Gen => nore ; + Soc => nore + "kin" ; + Ins => zertaz ; + Ine => init zertaz + "n" ; + LocStem => init zertaz + } ; + stem = nor ; + agr = a ; + anim = Anim ; + isDef = True } ; + + inanPron : (x1,_,_,_,x5 : Str) -> Agr -> Pronoun = \zer,zeri,zerk,zere,zertaz,a -> + persPron zer zeri zerk zere zertaz a ** { anim = Inan } ; + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Adjective and AP + + Adjective : Type = {s : AForm => Str ; ph : Phono} ; + + Adjective2 : Type = Adjective ** { compl : Postposizio } ; + + AdjPhrase : Type = {s : Str ; ph : Phono ; typ : APType} ; + + regAdj : Str -> Adjective = \s -> + let stem : Str = case last s of { + "a" => init s ; + _ => s } ; + phono : Phono = case last s of { + "a" => FinalA ; + "r" => FinalR ; + ("e"|"i"|"o"|"u") => FinalVow ; + _ => FinalCons } + in { s = table { AF Posit => stem ; + AF Compar => stem + "ago" ; + AF Superl => stem + "en" ; + AAdv => stem + "ki" } ; + -- Excess => stem + "egi" } ; + ph = phono } ; + irregAdvAdj : Str -> Adjective -> Adjective = \adv,a -> + a ** { s = table { AAdv => adv ; + x => a.s ! x } } ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Verbs + + +oper + + Verb : Type = { prc : Tense => Str ; + nstem : Str ; -- Nominal stem : ibiltze + val : AuxType --TODO change name of the field + } ; + + mkVerbDa : Str -> Verb = \s -> { val = Da Izan ; + nstem = mkNStem s ; + prc = mkPrc s } ; + + mkVerbDaEgon : Str -> Verb = \s -> { val = Da Egon ; + nstem = mkNStem s ; + prc = mkPrc s } ; + + mkVerbDu : Str -> Verb = \s -> { val = Du Ukan ; + nstem = mkNStem s ; + prc = mkPrc s } ; + + mkVerbDio : Str -> Verb = \s -> { val = Dio ; + nstem = mkNStem s ; + prc = mkPrc s } ; + + -- Synthetic verbs + syntVerbDa : Str -> SyntVerb1 -> Verb = \sEtorri,pEtorri -> + mkVerbDa sEtorri ** { val = Da pEtorri } ; + + syntVerbDu : Str -> SyntVerb2 -> Verb = \sJakin,pJakin -> + mkVerbDu sJakin ** { val = Du pJakin } ; + + mkNStem : Str -> Str = \ikusi -> + let ikus : Str = case ikusi of { + _ + ("du"|"tu") => init (init ikusi) ; -- ager+tu + _ + ("p"|"t"|"k" + |"b"|"d"|"g") + + "i" => ikusi ; -- jaiki + _ + "ri" => init (init ikusi) ; -- etor+ri + _ + "i" => init ikusi ; -- ibil+i + _ + "l" => ikusi ; -- hil + _ + "n" => ikusi ; --init ikusi ; -- jan + _ => init ikusi } ; + in case ikus of { x + "n" => x + "te" ; + x + "ts" => x + "ste" ; + _ + ("s"|"z") => ikus + "te" ; + _ => ikus + "tze" } ; + + mkPrc : Str -> (ResEus.Tense => Str) = \ikusi -> + let ikuste = mkNStem ikusi ; + ikusiko : Str = case last ikusi of { + "n" => ikusi + "go" ; + _ => ikusi + "ko" } ; + in table { Pres => ikuste + "n" ; + Fut => ikusiko ; + _ => ikusi } ; + + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- VP and VPSlash + + DObj : Type = Polarity => Str ; + + VerbPhrase : Type = + Verb ** { dobj : { s : DObj ; + agr : Agr ; + isDef : Bool } ; --Indefinite direct object turns into Partitive with negative polarity. + iobj : { s : Str ; + agr : Agr } ; + comp : Agr => Str ; -- Comps depend on Agr; AuxType is always Nor. + adv : Str } ; + + + VPSlash : Type = --VPSlashPrep may specify a postposition to use (for adv slot) + VerbPhrase ** { post : Postposizio ; + missing : MissingArg } ; + + +param + MissingArg = MissingAdv | MissingDObj | MissingIObj ; + +oper + --to be used in linref, PhraseEus ... anything where a VP is turned into string! + linVP : VerbPhrase -> Str = linVPTense Pres Pres ; + + linVPTense : Tense -> Tense -> VerbPhrase -> Str = + \tnsPrc,tnsAux,vp -> + let prc = case vp.val of { + Da Izan => vp.nstem ; + Da Egon => vp.nstem ; + _ => vp.prc ! tnsPrc } ; + in + vp.adv + ++ vp.iobj.s ++ vp.dobj.s ! Pos ++ vp.comp ! Hau --all the compls! + ++ prc + ++ (chooseAux vp ! tnsAux ! Hau).indep ; + + -- Used in ComplVV : does not include aux! + linVPPrc : VerbPhrase -> Str = \vp -> --TODO make it less of a hack. + vp.adv + ++ vp.iobj.s ++ vp.dobj.s ! Pos ++ vp.comp ! Hau --all the compls! + ++ vp.prc ! Past ; --If we choose Past, then it will work with Jakin ... + + + ----- + -- Create VP or VPSlash from various Verbs + + useV : Verb -> VerbPhrase = \v -> + v ** { dobj = { agr = Hau ; -- This will be used for *all* V* becoming VP! + -- e.g. VQ, VS, ... will use a Du copula, but + -- the sentence complement will be stored in comp field. + -- This is because of V2Q, V2S versions you need both! + -- + -- In the VQ, VS... version, dObj agreement is always Hau. (No exceptions?) + -- So this function, while looking dangerous, should do the Right Thing. + s = \\agr => [] ; + isDef = True } ; --so that we don't choose singular agreement with negative polarity + iobj = { s = [] ; + agr = Hau } ; + adv = [] ; + comp = \\agr => [] } ; + + slashV : MissingArg -> Verb -> VPSlash = \missingArg,vstar -> useV vstar ** + { post = noPost ; + missing = missingArg } ; + + slashDObj : Verb -> VPSlash = slashV MissingDObj ; --works for V2, V2V, V2S, V2Q, V2A. + + slashIObj : Verb -> VPSlash = slashV MissingIObj ; --only Slash3V3 + + ----- + -- Modify existing VPs + + insertAdv : SS -> VerbPhrase -> VerbPhrase = \a,vp -> + vp ** { adv = vp.adv ++ a.s } ; + + + insertComp = overload { + + insertComp : (Agr => Str) -> VerbPhrase -> VerbPhrase = \c,vp -> + vp ** { comp = \\agr => vp.comp ! agr ++ c ! agr } ; + + insertComp : Str -> VerbPhrase -> VerbPhrase = \cStr,vp -> + vp ** { comp = \\agr => vp.comp ! agr ++ cStr } ; + } ; + + ----- + -- Complete VPSlash into VP + + complSlash : VPSlash -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase = \vps,np -> + case vps.missing of { + MissingAdv => vps ** { adv = applyPost vps.post np } ; + MissingIObj => vps ** { iobj = np ** { s = np.s ! Dat }} ; + MissingDObj => vps ** { dobj = np ** { s = mkDObj np }} + } ; + + mkDObj : NounPhrase -> DObj = \np -> + table { Pos => np.s ! Abs ; + Neg => np.s ! negCase } + where { negCase = if_then_else Case np.isDef Abs Par } ; + +-------------------------------------------------------------------- +-- Clause and sentence + + Sentence : Type = { beforeAux : Str ; + aux : VForms ; -- Need to keep this open for SubjS + afterAux : Str } ; + + -- to be used for linref, PhraseEus, etc. + linS : Sentence -> Str = \sent -> + sent.beforeAux ++ sent.aux.indep ++ sent.afterAux ; + + linSSub : Sentence -> Str -> Str = \sent,subj -> + sent.beforeAux ++ glue sent.aux.stem subj ++ sent.afterAux ; + + Clause : Type = { s : Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => ClType => Sentence } ; + + linCl : Clause -> Str = \clause -> + linS (clause.s ! Pres ! Simul ! Pos ! Stat) ; + +-- ez al duzu katu beltza ikusi? / ez al duzu katu beltzik ikusi? (MassNP) +-- ez dut katu beltza ikusi / ez dut katu beltzik ikusi (MassNP) +-- ibiltzen al zara ; garagardoa edaten al duzu? ; nor dabil? +-- mutilari garagardoa ematen al diozu? +-- txakurrari abesten al diozu? + + + qclFromVP = mkClause True ; + clFromVP = mkClause False ; + + clFromSlash : NounPhrase -> ClSlash -> Clause = \o,cls -> + let obj = o ** { s = mkDObj o } ; + vp = cls ** { dobj = obj } ; --Insert the object's agr into the cls's dobj! + subj = buru_NP ** cls.subj ; -- Just a dummy NP, we won't use more than is in cls.subj + in mkClause True subj vp ; + + mkClause : (isIP : Bool) -> NounPhrase -> VerbPhrase -> Clause = \isIP,subj,vp -> + { s = \\t,a,pol => + let verb = case isSynthetic vp.val of { + True => verbformSynthetic t a vp ; + False => verbformPeriphrastic t a vp + } ; + sc : Case = subjCase vp.val ; + in wordOrder isIP + { pol = pol ; + adv = vp.adv ; + subj = subj.s ! sc ; + compl = vp.iobj.s -- mutilari + ++ vp.dobj.s ! pol -- garagardoa / garagardorik + ++ vp.comp ! subj.agr ; -- etorriko dela / nor den / handi(ak) / ... + prc = verb.prc ; + aux = verb.aux ! subj.agr } + } ; + + verbformPeriphrastic : Tense -> Anteriority -> VerbPhrase -> {aux : Agr => VForms ; prc : Str} = \t,a,vp -> + let adl : IntransV = chooseAux vp ; + in case of { + => {aux = adl ! Pres ; prc = vp.prc ! Pres} ; --noa / lo egiten da + => {aux = adl ! Pres ; prc = vp.prc ! Past} ; --joan da / lo egin da + => {aux = adl ! Past ; prc = vp.prc ! Pres} ; --nindoan / lo egiten zen + => {aux = adl ! Past ; prc = vp.prc ! Past} ; --joan nintzen / ... + => {aux = adl ! Pres ; prc = vp.prc ! Fut} ; --joango da + => {aux = adl ! Pres ; prc = vp.prc ! Fut} ; --joango nintzen + => {aux = adl ! Cond ; prc = vp.prc ! Fut} ; --joango nintzateke + => {aux = adl ! Cond ; prc = vp.prc ! Past} } ;--joan nintzateke + + --TODO: write a fallback for synthetic verbs without all forms + verbformSynthetic : Tense -> Anteriority -> VerbPhrase -> {aux : Agr => VForms ; prc : Str} = \t,a,vp -> + let adt : IntransV = chooseAux vp ; + in case of { + => {aux = adt ! Pres ; prc = []} ; --noa + => {aux = adt ! Past ; prc = []} ; --nindoan + _ => verbformPeriphrastic t a (vp ** {val = defaultAux vp.val}) } ; + + + + chooseAux : VerbPhrase -> IntransV = chooseAuxPol Pos ; + + --TODO: add other synthetic transitive verbs + chooseAuxPol : Polarity -> VerbPhrase -> IntransV = \pol,vp -> + case vp.val of { + Da x => AditzTrinkoak.syntIntransVerb (Da x) ; + + Zaio => AditzTrinkoak.ukanZaio ! vp.iobj.agr ; --are there other Zaio (nor-nori) verbs? + + Du x => + let aux = AditzTrinkoak.syntTransVerb (Du x) + in case of { + => aux ! sgAgr vp.dobj.agr; + _ => aux ! vp.dobj.agr } ; + + Dio => + case of { + => AditzTrinkoak.ukanDio ! vp.iobj.agr ! sgAgr vp.dobj.agr ; + _ => AditzTrinkoak.ukanDio ! vp.iobj.agr ! vp.dobj.agr} } ; + + + wordOrder : (isIP : Bool) -> SentenceLight -> (ClType => Sentence) = \isIP,s -> + \\ct => + let al = case ct of { Qst => if_then_Str isIP [] "al" ; + _ => [] } ; + in case s.pol of { + Pos => { beforeAux = s.adv ++ s.subj ++ s.compl ++ s.prc ++ al ; + aux = s.aux ; + afterAux = [] } ; + Neg => { beforeAux = s.adv ++ s.subj ++ "ez" ++ al ; + aux = s.aux ; + afterAux = s.compl ++ s.prc } + } ; + + --just an internal type, to give as an argument to wordOrder + SentenceLight : Type = { pol : Polarity ; + adv : Str ; --heavyAdv and lightAdv? + subj : Str ; + compl : Str ; + prc : Str ; + aux : VForms } ; + + +------------------------------------------------ +-- ClSlash: has verb and subject, missing object + ClSlash : Type = VerbPhrase ** { subj : {s : Case => Str ; agr : Agr } } ; + + + mkClSlash : NounPhrase -> VPSlash -> ClSlash = \np,vps -> + let sc : Case = subjCase vps.val ; + in vps ** { subj = np }; + +------------------------------------------------ +-- Relative clause +-- We need to keep agreement, because a RS may be attached to a CN or NP, +-- and we need to produce correct agreement: +-- `gorria den txakurra' vs. `gorriak diren txakurrak' + + RClause : Type = {s : Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => Agr => Str } ; + + rclFromVP : Str -> VerbPhrase -> RClause = \en,vp -> + mkRCl en (vp ** { subj = { s = \\_ => [] ; agr = Hau } ; -- Subj agr will change later + objFixed = True }) ; + + rclFromSlash : Str -> ClSlash -> RClause = \en,cls -> + mkRCl en (cls ** { objFixed = False }) ; + + + mkRCl : Str -> (ClSlash ** {objFixed : Bool}) -> RClause = \en,cls -> + { s = \\t,a,pol,agr => + let ez = case pol of { Neg => "ez" ; _ => [] } ; + objAgr : Agr = case cls.objFixed of { + True => cls.dobj.agr ; + False => agr } ; + subjAgr : Agr = case cls.objFixed of { + True => agr ; + False => cls.subj.agr } ; + sc : Case = subjCase cls.val ; + + -- We make sure that the agr param in RS affects the right argument + cls' = cls ** { dobj = cls.dobj ** { agr = objAgr } ; + subj = cls.subj ** { agr = subjAgr } } ; + + verb = case isSynthetic cls.val of { + True => verbformSynthetic t a cls' ; + False => verbformPeriphrastic t a cls' } ; + in cls'.adv + --- One of the following --- + ++ cls'.iobj.s -- mutilari (If coming from ClSlash, + ++ cls'.dobj.s ! pol -- garagardoa these are empty) + ++ cls'.comp ! agr + + ++ cls'.subj.s ! sc -- mutilak (If coming from VP, this is empty) + + --- Common to VP and ClSlash --- + ++ verb.prc -- maite + ++ ez -- (ez) + ++ (verb.aux ! subjAgr).stem -- d(it)u + ++ en -- en + } ; +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/SentenceEus.gf b/src/basque/SentenceEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..8501afc5 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/SentenceEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,95 @@ +concrete SentenceEus of Sentence = CatEus ** open TenseX, ResEus, AditzTrinkoak, (AE=AdverbEus), Prelude in { + +flags optimize=all_subs ; + +lin + +--2 Clauses + + -- : NP -> VP -> Cl + PredVP = clFromVP ; + + -- : SC -> VP -> Cl ; -- that she goes is good + PredSCVP sc vp = + let subjSC = invarNP sc.s + in clFromVP subjSC vp ; + +--2 Clauses missing object noun phrases + -- : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash ; + SlashVP = mkClSlash ; + + -- : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) he sees today + AdvSlash cls adv = cls ** insertAdv adv cls ; + +-- SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash ; -- (with whom) he walks + + -- : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) she says that he loves +-- SlashVS np vs ss = {} ; + + + -- : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash ; -- (that) she had not seen + UseSlash t p cls = + let emptyObj = invarNP [] ; --TODO: object agr is Hau, might this cause problems later? + cl = clFromSlash emptyObj cls + in UseCl t p cl ; + +--2 Imperatives + -- : VP -> Imp ; + ImpVP vp = { s = linVPPrc vp } ; --TODO: check negation + +--2 Embedded sentences + + + -- : S -> SC ; + EmbedS s = { s = linSSub s.s "la" } ; -- datorrela + + -- : QS -> SC ; + EmbedQS qs = { s = linSSub (qs.s ! Indir) "la" } ; --??? + + -- : VP -> SC ; -- ikusi + EmbedVP vp = { s = linVPPrc vp } ; + +--2 Sentences + + + -- : Temp -> Pol -> Cl -> S ; + UseCl temp pol cl = { s = cl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p ! Stat } ; + + -- : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ; + UseRCl temp pol cl = { s = cl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p } ; + + -- : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ; + UseQCl temp pol qcl = { s = qcl.s ! temp.t ! temp.a ! pol.p } ; + +-- An adverb can be added to the beginning of a sentence, either with comma ("externally") +-- or without: + + -- : Adv -> S -> S ; -- then I will go home + AdvS adv = insertBeforeAux adv.s ; + + -- : Adv -> S -> S ; -- next week, I will go home + ExtAdvS adv = insertBeforeAux (adv.s ++ SOFT_BIND ++ ",") ; + +-- There's an SubjS already in AdverbEus -- should this be deprecated? + -- : S -> Subj -> S -> S ; + SSubjS s1 subj s2 = AdvS (AE.SubjS subj s2) s1 ; + + +-- A sentence can be modified by a relative clause referring to its contents. + + -- : S -> RS -> S ; -- she sleeps, which is good + RelS sent rs = insertBeforeAux (rs.s ! Hau ++ SOFT_BIND ++ ",") sent ; + +oper + insertBeforeAux : Str -> { s : Sentence } -> { s : Sentence } = \str,sent -> + let newS = sent.s ** { beforeAux = str ++ sent.s.beforeAux } ; + in { s = newS }; + + invarNP : Str -> NounPhrase = \str -> + { s = \\c => str ; + stem = str ; + agr = Hau ; + anim = Inan ; + isDef = True } ; + +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/basque/StructuralEus.gf b/src/basque/StructuralEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c10bffcd --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/StructuralEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,179 @@ +concrete StructuralEus of Structural = CatEus ** + open Prelude, (R=ResEus), (N=NounEus), ParadigmsEus in { + + + +------- +-- Ad* + +lin almost_AdA = mkAdA "ia" ; +lin almost_AdN = ss "ia" ; +lin at_least_AdN = ss "gutxienez" ; +lin at_most_AdN = ss "gehienez" ; +lin so_AdA = ss "hain" ; +lin too_AdA = ss "gehiegi" ; +lin very_AdA = mkAdA "oso" ; + +lin as_CAdv = { s = "bezain" ; p = [] } ; +lin less_CAdv = { s = "gutxiago" ; p = [] } ; +lin more_CAdv = { s = "gehiago" ; p = [] } ; + +lin how_IAdv = ss "nola" ; +lin how8much_IAdv = ss "zerbait" ; +lin when_IAdv = ss "noiz" ; +lin where_IAdv = ss "non" ; +lin why_IAdv = ss "zergatik" ; + +lin always_AdV = ss "beti" ; + +lin everywhere_Adv = ss "nonahi" ; +lin here7from_Adv = ss "hemendik" ; +lin here7to_Adv = ss "hona" ; +lin here_Adv = ss "hemen" ; +lin quite_Adv = ss "nahiko" ; +lin somewhere_Adv = ss "nonbait" ; +lin there7from_Adv = ss "hortik" ; +lin there7to_Adv = ss "horra" ; +lin there_Adv = ss "hor" ; + + +------- +-- Conj + +lin and_Conj = mkConj [] "eta" pl ; +lin or_Conj = mkConj [] "edo" sg ; +lin if_then_Conj = mkConj [] "orduan" sg ; --TODO: is there even a way to say this? "if boys then girls" +lin both7and_DConj = mkConj "bai" "eta" pl ; +lin either7or_DConj = mkConj "bai" "edo" pl ; + +lin but_PConj = ss "baina" ; +lin otherwise_PConj = ss "bestela" ; +--lin therefore_PConj + + +----------------- +-- *Det and Quant + +lin how8many_IDet = R.indefDet "zenbat" pl ; + +--TODO: fix predets in NounEus, figure out whether Predet should inflect +lin all_Predet = { s = "guzti" } ; +lin not_Predet = { s = "ez" } ; +lin only_Predet = { s = "bakarrik" } ; +lin most_Predet = { s = "gehien" } ; + +lin every_Det = R.defDet [] sg ** -- egun+ero "every day" --TODO: urtero *urte+ero + { s = \\c,_ => SOFT_BIND ++ "ero" + ++ R.artDef ! R.Sg ! c ! R.FinalVow } ; +lin few_Det = R.indefDet "gutxi" pl ; +lin many_Det = R.indefDet "asko" pl ; +lin much_Det = R.indefDet "asko" sg ; +lin somePl_Det = R.indefDet "zenbait" pl ; +lin someSg_Det = R.indefDet "zenbait" sg ; + +lin no_Quant = R.indefDet "ez" sg ** { s = R.artDef } ; --TODO: this is just the word for "no"; not even sure if it's possible to have no_Quant + +lin that_Quant = R.defDet [] sg ** { s = R.quantHori } ; +lin this_Quant = R.defDet [] sg ** { s = R.quantHau } ; +lin which_IQuant = R.defDet "zein" sg ** { s = R.artDef } ; + + +----- +-- NP + +lin everybody_NP = defNP "dena" N.NumPl ; +lin everything_NP = defNP "dena" N.NumSg ; +lin nobody_NP = defNP "ez inor" N.NumSg ; --TODO: negation should be in the verb; "ez da inor" +lin nothing_NP = defNP "ezer" N.NumSg ; +--lin somebody_NP = +--lin something_NP = + +oper + defNP : Str -> Num -> NP = \dena,num -> + N.DetCN (N.DetQuant N.DefArt num) + (N.UseN (R.mkNoun dena)) ; +------- +-- Prep + +lin above_Prep = mkPrep "gainean" ; +lin after_Prep = mkPrep "ondoan" ; +lin before_Prep = mkPrep "gabe" absolutive ; +lin behind_Prep = mkPrep "atzean" ; +lin between_Prep = mkPrep "artean" ; --`bitartean' for time +lin by8agent_Prep = mkPrep [] ergative ; -- choose just case, no separate postposition +lin by8means_Prep = mkPrep [] instrumental ; +lin during_Prep = mkPrep [] inessive ; --- ??? +lin except_Prep = mkPrep "gain" sociative ; +lin for_Prep = affixPrep "tzat" genitive ; +lin from_Prep = locPrep "tik" ; --- ? +lin in8front_Prep = mkPrep "aurrean" ; +lin in_Prep = mkPrep [] inessive ; +lin on_Prep = mkPrep "gainean" ; +lin part_Prep = mkPrep [] partitive ; +lin possess_Prep = mkPrep [] ; --Genitive. TODO add locative genitive in extra +lin through_Prep = mkPrep "barrena" inessive ; -- ? +lin to_Prep = mkPrep [] dative ; --"I gave it to Fran", not "I went to school" +lin under_Prep = mkPrep "azpian" ; +lin with_Prep = mkPrep [] sociative ; +lin without_Prep = mkPrep "gabe" partitive ; --absolutive ; + + +------- +-- Pron + +-- Pronouns are closed class, no constructor in ParadigmsEus. + +lin i_Pron = R.persPron "ni" "niri" "nik" "nire" "nitaz" R.Ni ; +lin we_Pron = R.persPron "gu" "guri" "guk" "gure" "gutaz" R.Gu ; +lin youSg_Pron = R.persPron "zu" "zuri" "zuk" "zure" "zutaz" R.Zu ; -- in Extra: hi/hire +lin youPl_Pron = R.persPron "zuek" "zuei" "zuen" "zuen" "zuetaz" R.Zuek ; +lin youPol_Pron = R.persPron "zu" "zuri" "zuk" "zure" "zutaz" R.Zu ; +lin he_Pron = R.persPron "hura" "hari" "hark" "haren" "hartaz" R.Hau ; +lin she_Pron = R.persPron "hura" "hari" "hark" "haren" "hartaz" R.Hau ; +lin it_Pron = R.persPron "hau" "honi" "honek" "bere" "honetaz" R.Hau ; +lin they_Pron = R.persPron "hauek" "hauei" "hauek" "beren" "hauetaz" R.Hauek ; -- in Extra: other forms + +lin whatPl_IP = R.inanPron "zertzuk" "zertzuei" "zertzuek" "zertzuen" "zertzuetaz" R.Hauek ; +lin whatSg_IP = R.inanPron "zer" "zeri" "zerk" "zeren" "zertaz" R.Hau ; +lin whoPl_IP = R.persPron "nortzuk" "nortzuei" "nortzuek" "nortzuen" "nortzuetaz" R.Hauek ; +lin whoSg_IP = R.persPron "nor" "nori" "nork" "noren" "zertaz" R.Hau ; + + + + +------- +-- Subj + +lin although_Subj = mkSubj "en arren" False ; -- askotan ez dirudien arren +lin because_Subj = mkSubj "lako" False ; +lin if_Subj = mkSubj "ba" True ; +lin that_Subj = mkSubj "n" False ; +lin when_Subj = mkSubj "nean" False ; + + + +------ +-- Utt + +lin language_title_Utt = ss "euskara" ; +lin no_Utt = ss "ez" ; --? +lin yes_Utt = ss "bai" ; + + +------- +-- Verb + +lin have_V2 = R.syntVerbDu "eduki" R.Eduki ; + +lin can8know_VV = ukanV "ahal" ; -- can (capacity) +lin can_VV = ukanV "ahal" ; -- can (possibility) +lin must_VV = ukanV "behar" ; +lin want_VV = ukanV "nahi" ; + + +------ +-- Voc + +lin please_Voc = ss "mesedez" ; + +} diff --git a/src/basque/SymbolEus.gf b/src/basque/SymbolEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..afa90821 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/SymbolEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,51 @@ +--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:../prelude + +concrete SymbolEus of Symbol = CatEus ** open Prelude, ParadigmsEus, ResEus, (NE=NounEus) in { + +lin + + -- : Symb -> PN ; -- x + SymbPN i = mkPNoun i.s ; + + -- : Int -> PN ; -- 27 + IntPN i = mkPNoun i.s ; + + -- : Float -> PN ; -- 3.14159 + FloatPN i = mkPNoun i.s ; + + -- : Card -> PN ; -- twelve [as proper name] + NumPN i = mkPNoun i.s ; + +-- CNIntNP cn i = {} ; + + -- : Det -> CN -> [Symb] -> NP ; -- (the) (2) numbers x and y + CNSymbNP det cn xs = + let cnSymb = cn ** { comp = cn.comp ++ xs.s } + in NE.DetCN det cnSymb ; + + -- : CN -> Card -> NP ; -- level five ; level 5 + CNNumNP cn i = NE.MassNP (cn ** { comp = cn.comp ++ i.s }) ; + + -- : Symb -> S ; + SymbS sy = {s = { beforeAux = sy.s ; + aux = {indep = "da" ; stem = "de" } ; + afterAux = [] } } ; + -- : Symb -> Card ; + SymbNum sy = { s = sy.s ; n = Pl } ; + + -- : Symb -> Ord ; + SymbOrd sy = { s = sy.s ++ BIND ++ "garren" ; n = Pl } ; + +lincat + + Symb, [Symb] = SS ; + +lin + MkSymb s = s ; + + BaseSymb = infixSS "eta" ; + ConsSymb = infixSS "," ; + + + +} diff --git a/src/basque/VerbEus.gf b/src/basque/VerbEus.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..fe06ee46 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/basque/VerbEus.gf @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ +concrete VerbEus of Verb = CatEus ** open ResEus, AditzTrinkoak, Prelude in { + + +lin + +----- +-- VP + + UseV = ResEus.useV ; + + -- : VV -> VP -> VP ; -- [lo egin/neska ikusi/jakin] nahi/ahal/behar dut + ComplVV vv vp = + let vcomp : Str = linVPPrc vp ; + in ResEus.insertComp vcomp (useV vv) ; + + + -- : VS -> S -> VP ; -- uste dut [neska etorriko dela] + -- The subordinator suffix -la is hardcoded in ComplVS + -- In Extra: ComplVS that takes the S with other suffixes (-en,-tzera) + ComplVS vs s = + let scomp : Str = linSSub s.s "la" ; + in ResEus.insertComp scomp (useV vs) ; + + -- : VQ -> QS -> VP ; -- ez dakit [nor den] + ComplVQ vq qs = + let qi : Sentence = qs.s ! Indir ; -- choose the version without al + qcomp : Str = linSSub qi "n" ; + in ResEus.insertComp qcomp (useV vq) ; + + -- : VA -> AP -> VP ; -- they become red + ComplVA va ap = ResEus.insertComp (CompAP ap).s (useV va) ; + + +-------- +-- Slash + + -- : V2 -> VPSlash + SlashV2a = ResEus.slashDObj ; + + + -- : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash ; -- give it (to her) + Slash2V3 v3 npNori = slashDObj v3 ** + { iobj = { s = npNori.s ! Dat ; + agr = npNori.agr } + } ; + + -- : V3 -> NP -> VPSlash ; -- give (it) to her + Slash3V3 v3 npNor = slashIObj v3 ** + { dobj = npNor ** { s = mkDObj npNor } + } ; + + + -- : V2V -> VP -> VPSlash ; -- beg (her) to go + SlashV2V v2v vp = slashDObj v2v ** -- TODO: something wrong in this function! + { comp = \\agr => linVPPrc vp } ; --How about agreement with tense of the main clause??? + + + -- : V2S -> S -> VPSlash ; -- answer (to him) that it is good + SlashV2S v2s s = slashDObj v2s ** + { comp = \\agr => linSSub s.s "la" } ; + + -- : V2Q -> QS -> VPSlash ; -- ask (him) who came + SlashV2Q v2q qs = slashDObj v2q ** + { comp = \\agr => linSSub (qs.s ! Indir) "la" } ; + + -- : V2A -> AP -> VPSlash ; -- paint (it) red + SlashV2A v2a ap = slashDObj v2a ** + { comp = (CompAP ap).s } ; + + + -- : VPSlash -> NP -> VP + ComplSlash vps np = ResEus.complSlash vps np ; + + + -- : VV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ; -- [___ ikusi] nahi/ahal/behar dut + -- Just like ComplVV except missing subject! + SlashVV vv vps = ComplVV vv vps ** { missing = vps.missing ; + post = vps.post } ; + + -- : V2V -> NP -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ; -- beg me to buy + SlashV2VNP v2v np vps = + ComplVV v2v vps ** + { missing = vps.missing ; + post = vps.post ; + iobj = np ** { s = np.s ! Dat } } ; + +--2 Other ways of forming verb phrases + +-- Verb phrases can also be constructed reflexively and from +-- copula-preceded complements. + + -- : VPSlash -> VP ; + ReflVP vps = complSlash vps buru_NP ; ------ TODO + + -- : Comp -> VP ; + UseComp comp = insertComp comp.s (copulaVP comp.copula) ; + + + -- : V2 -> VP ; -- be loved + PassV2 v2 = + let kantatuak : Agr => Str = table { + (Gu|Zuek|Hauek) => v2.prc ! Past ++ BIND ++ "ak" ; + _ => v2.prc ! Past } ; + in insertComp kantatuak (copulaVP Izan) ; --TODO: we lose the nstem, but maybe that's okay? + + -- : VP -> Adv -> VP ; -- sleep here + AdvVP vp adv = ResEus.insertAdv adv vp ; + + -- : VP -> Adv -> VP ; -- sleep , even though ... + ExtAdvVP vp adv = ResEus.insertAdv (postfixSS (SOFT_BIND ++ ",") adv) vp ; + + -- : AdV -> VP -> VP ; -- always sleep + AdVVP adv vp = ResEus.insertAdv adv vp ; + + -- : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash ; -- use (it) here + AdvVPSlash vps adv = vps ** { adv = vps.adv ++ adv.s } ; + + -- : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ; -- always use (it) + AdVVPSlash adv vps = vps ** { adv = adv.s ++ vps.adv } ; + + -- : VP -> Prep -> VPSlash ; -- live in (it) + VPSlashPrep vp prep = vp ** + { post = prep ; + missing = MissingAdv } ; + + +lin + +--2 Complements to copula + +-- Adjectival phrases, noun phrases, and adverbs can be used. + + -- the house is big = etxea handia da + -- the houses are big = etxeak handiak dira + -- I am [a house that sleeps here] = ni [hemen lo egiten den etxea] naiz + -- we are [houses that sleep here] = gu [hemen lo egiten diren etxeak] gara + + -- Complement : Type = {s : Agr => Str ; copula : SyntVerb1 } ; + + -- : AP -> Comp ; + CompAP ap = { s = \\agr => ap.s ++ artDef ! getNum agr ! Abs ! ap.ph ; + copula = Izan }; + + -- : CN -> Comp ; + CompCN cn = { s = \\agr => cn.s ! agr ++ artDef ! getNum agr ! Abs ! cn.ph ; + copula = Izan } ; + + -- NP -> Comp ; + CompNP np = { s = \\agr => np.s ! Abs ; copula = Izan } ; + + -- : Adv -> Comp ; + CompAdv adv = { s = \\agr => adv.s ; copula = Egon } ; + + + -- : VP -- Copula alone; intransitive and Izan by default + UseCopula = copulaVP Izan ; + + +oper + + copulaVP : SyntVerb1 -> VerbPhrase = \izan -> + ResEus.useV { prc = \\tns => [] ; + nstem = case izan of { Izan => "izate" ; _ => "egote" } ; --TODO is this correct? + val = Da izan } ; +} + + + diff --git a/src/chinese/ParadigmsChi.gf b/src/chinese/ParadigmsChi.gf index 58e0ff6c..562cd38d 100644 --- a/src/chinese/ParadigmsChi.gf +++ b/src/chinese/ParadigmsChi.gf @@ -143,6 +143,9 @@ oper = \s,t -> lin Adv {s = word (s + t) ; advType = getAdvType s} ; ---- mkAdv : Str -> AdvType -> Adv = \s,at -> lin Adv {s = word s ; advType = at} ; + mkAdv : Adv -> AdvType -> Adv -- To fix the AdvType in an Adv produced by SyntaxChi.mkAdv + = \adv,at -> adv ** {advType = at} ; + } ; AdvType : Type diff --git a/src/common/ExtendFunctor.gf b/src/common/ExtendFunctor.gf index 5145acd7..a758cc7f 100644 --- a/src/common/ExtendFunctor.gf +++ b/src/common/ExtendFunctor.gf @@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ lin GenRP = variants {} ; -- Num -> CN -> RP ; -- whose car GenModNP num np cn = DetCN (DetQuant DefArt num) (AdvCN cn (PrepNP possess_Prep np)) ; -- this man's car(s) ; DEFAULT the car of this man GenModIP = variants {} ; -- Num -> IP -> CN -> IP ; -- whose car(s) - CompBareCN cn = CompCN cn ; -- (est) professeur ; DEFAULT is a teacher + CompBareCN cn = CompCN cn ; -- (is) teacher ; DEFAULT is a teacher StrandQuestSlash = QuestSlash ; -- whom does John live with ; DEFAULT with whom does John live StrandRelSlash = RelSlash ; -- that he lives in ; DEFAULT in which he lives EmptyRelSlash = RelSlash IdRP ; -- he lives in ; DEFAULT in which he lives @@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ lin MkVPI2 = variants {} ; -- : Ant -> Pol -> VPSlash -> VPI2 ; -- to have loved ConjVPI2 = variants {} ; -- : Conj -> [VPI2] -> VPI2 ; -- to love and have hated ComplVPI2 = variants {} ; -- : VPI2 -> NP -> VPI ; -- to love and hate that person - ProDrop pro = pro ; -- am tired ; DEFAULT I am tired + ProDrop pro = pro ; -- am tired ; DEFAULT I am tired (no pro drop) ICompAP = variants {} ; -- AP -> IComp ; -- "how old" IAdvAdv = variants {} ; -- Adv -> IAdv ; -- "how often" CompIQuant iquant = CompIP (IdetIP (IdetQuant iquant NumSg)) ; -- which (is it) [agreement to NP] ; DEFAULT which [no agreement] @@ -90,12 +90,14 @@ lin DetNPFem = DetNP ; - iFem_Pron = i_Pron ; - youFem_Pron = youSg_Pron ; - weFem_Pron = we_Pron ; - youPlFem_Pron = youPl_Pron ; - theyFem_Pron = they_Pron ; - youPolFem_Pron = youPol_Pron ; + iFem_Pron = i_Pron ; -- DEFAULT I (masc) + youFem_Pron = youSg_Pron ; -- DEFAULT you (masc) + weFem_Pron = we_Pron ; -- DEFAULT we (masc) + youPlFem_Pron = youPl_Pron ; -- DEFAULT you plural (masc) + theyFem_Pron = they_Pron ; -- DEFAULT they (masc) + youPolFem_Pron = youPol_Pron ; -- DEFAULT you polite (masc) + youPolPl_Pron = youPl_Pron ; -- DEFAULT you plural (masc) + youPolPlFem_Pron = youPl_Pron ; -- DEFAULT you plural (masc) UttAccNP = UttNP ; -- him (accusative) ; DEFAULT he UttDatNP np = UttAccNP (lin NP np) ; -- him(dative) ; DEFAULT he UttAccIP = UttIP ; -- whom (accusative) ; DEFAULT who diff --git a/src/spanish/AllSpa.gf b/src/spanish/AllSpa.gf index 7bef719f..8ac77b39 100644 --- a/src/spanish/AllSpa.gf +++ b/src/spanish/AllSpa.gf @@ -3,5 +3,6 @@ concrete AllSpa of AllSpaAbs = LangSpa, IrregSpa, - ExtraSpa + ExtendSpa +---- ExtraSpa ** {} ; diff --git a/src/spanish/AllSpaAbs.gf b/src/spanish/AllSpaAbs.gf index f1e21176..97642e3c 100644 --- a/src/spanish/AllSpaAbs.gf +++ b/src/spanish/AllSpaAbs.gf @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ abstract AllSpaAbs = Lang, IrregSpaAbs, - ExtraSpaAbs + Extend +---- ExtraSpaAbs ** {} ; diff --git a/src/spanish/ExtendSpa.gf b/src/spanish/ExtendSpa.gf index e29fc880..ab45a33d 100644 --- a/src/spanish/ExtendSpa.gf +++ b/src/spanish/ExtendSpa.gf @@ -1,16 +1,70 @@ --# -path=alltenses:../common:../abstract concrete ExtendSpa of Extend = - CatSpa ** ExtendFunctor --- - [] -- put the names of your own definitions here + CatSpa ** ExtendFunctor - + [ + iFem_Pron, youFem_Pron, weFem_Pron, youPlFem_Pron, theyFem_Pron, youPolFem_Pron, youPolPl_Pron, youPolPlFem_Pron, + ProDrop + ] -- put the names of your own definitions here with (Grammar = GrammarSpa) ** open GrammarSpa, ResSpa, + MorphoSpa, Coordination, Prelude, ParadigmsSpa in { -- put your own definitions here - + + lin + iFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "yo" "me" "me" "mí" + "mi" "mi" "mis" "mis" + Fem Sg P1 ; + theyFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "ellas" "las" "les" "ellas" + "su" "su" "sus" "sus" + Fem Pl P3 ; + + weFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "nosotras" "nos" "nos" "nosotras" + "nuestro" "nuestra" "nuestros" "nuestras" + Fem Pl P1 ; + + youFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "tú" "te" "te" "ti" + "tu" "tu" "tus" "tus" + Fem Sg P2 ; + youPlFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "vosotras" "os" "os" "vosotras" + "vuestro" "vuestra" "vuestros" "vuestras" + Fem Pl P2 ; + youPolFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "usted" "la" "le" "usted" + "su" "su" "sus" "sus" + Fem Sg P3 ; + + youPolPl_Pron = mkPronoun + "ustedes" "los" "les" "usted" + "su" "su" "sus" "sus" + Masc Pl P3 ; + youPolPlFem_Pron = mkPronoun + "ustedes" "las" "les" "usted" + "su" "su" "sus" "sus" + Fem Pl P3 ; + + ProDrop p = { + s = table { + Nom => let pn = p.s ! Nom in {c1 = pn.c1 ; c2 = pn.c2 ; comp = [] ; ton = pn.ton} ; + c => p.s ! c + } ; + a = p.a ; + poss = p.poss ; + hasClit = p.hasClit ; + isPol = p.isPol ; + isNeg = False + } ; + + } \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/src/swedish/AllSwe.gf b/src/swedish/AllSwe.gf index 66318a84..b618260b 100644 --- a/src/swedish/AllSwe.gf +++ b/src/swedish/AllSwe.gf @@ -3,5 +3,6 @@ concrete AllSwe of AllSweAbs = LangSwe - [PassV2], IrregSwe, - ExtraSwe +---- ExtraSwe + ExtendSwe ** {} ; diff --git a/src/swedish/AllSweAbs.gf b/src/swedish/AllSweAbs.gf index 7fd59eb4..2673b180 100644 --- a/src/swedish/AllSweAbs.gf +++ b/src/swedish/AllSweAbs.gf @@ -1,5 +1,6 @@ abstract AllSweAbs = Lang - [PassV2] , IrregSweAbs, - ExtraSweAbs +---- ExtraSweAbs + Extend ** {} ; diff --git a/src/swedish/ExtendSwe.gf b/src/swedish/ExtendSwe.gf new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2ae788b7 --- /dev/null +++ b/src/swedish/ExtendSwe.gf @@ -0,0 +1,148 @@ +--# -path=.:../scandinavian:../abstract:../common:prelude +concrete ExtendSwe of Extend = CatSwe ** + ExtendFunctor - + [ + GenNP, ComplBareVS, CompBareCN, + StrandRelSlash, EmptyRelSlash, StrandQuestSlash, + MkVPI, BaseVPI, ConsVPI, ConjVPI, ComplVPIVV, + MkVPS, BaseVPS, ConsVPS, ConjVPS, PredVPS, + ICompAP, + RNP, RNPList, ReflRNP, ReflPron, ReflPoss, PredetRNP, ConjRNP, + Base_rr_RNP, Base_nr_RNP, Base_rn_RNP, Cons_rr_RNP, Cons_nr_RNP + ] + with (Grammar = GrammarSwe) + ** + open CommonScand, ResSwe, ParamX, VerbSwe, Prelude, DiffSwe, StructuralSwe, MorphoSwe, + NounSwe, Coordination, AdjectiveSwe, SentenceSwe, AdverbSwe, RelativeSwe, (P = ParadigmsSwe) in { + + flags coding=utf8 ; + + lin + GenNP np = { + s,sp = \\n,_,_,g => np.s ! NPPoss (gennum (ngen2gen g) n) Nom ; + det = DDef Indef + } ; + + + ComplBareVS v s = insertObj (\\_ => s.s ! Sub) (predV v) ; + + CompBareCN cn = {s = \\a => case a.n of { + Sg => cn.s ! Sg ! DIndef ! Nom ; + Pl => cn.s ! Pl ! DIndef ! Nom + } + } ; + + StrandRelSlash rp slash = { + s = \\t,a,p,ag,_ => + rp.s ! ag.g ! ag.n ! RNom ++ slash.s ! t ! a ! p ! Sub ++ slash.n3 ! ag ++ slash.c2.s ; + c = NPAcc + } ; + EmptyRelSlash slash = { + s = \\t,a,p,ag,_ => + slash.s ! t ! a ! p ! Sub ++ slash.c2.s ; + c = NPAcc + } ; + + StrandQuestSlash ip slash = { + s = \\t,a,p => + let + cls = slash.s ! t ! a ! p ; + who = ip.s ! accusative ; + agr = agrP3 ip.g ip.n ; + in table { + QDir => who ++ cls ! Inv ++ slash.n3 ! agr ++ slash.c2.s ; + QIndir => who ++ cls ! Sub ++ slash.n3 ! agr ++ slash.c2.s + } + } ; + + + lincat + VPI = {s : VPIForm => Agr => Str} ; + [VPI] = {s1,s2 : VPIForm => Agr => Str} ; + + lin + BaseVPI = twoTable2 VPIForm Agr ; + ConsVPI = consrTable2 VPIForm Agr comma ; + + MkVPI vp = { + s = \\v,a => infVP vp a ---- no sup + } ; + ConjVPI = conjunctDistrTable2 VPIForm Agr ; + ComplVPIVV vv vpi = insertObj (\\a => vv.c2.s ++ vpi.s ! VPIInf ! a) (predV vv) ; + + lincat + VPS = {s : Order => Agr => Str} ; + [VPS] = {s1,s2 : Order => Agr => Str} ; + + lin + BaseVPS = twoTable2 Order Agr ; + ConsVPS = consrTable2 Order Agr comma ; + + PredVPS np vpi = + let + subj = np.s ! nominative ; + agr = np.a ; + in { + s = \\o => + let verb = vpi.s ! o ! agr + in case o of { + Main => subj ++ verb ; + Inv => verb ++ subj ; ---- älskar henne och sover jag + Sub => subj ++ verb + } + } ; + + MkVPS t p vp = { + s = \\o,a => + let + verb = vp.s ! Act ! VPFinite t.t t.a ; + neg = verb.a1 ! p.p ! a ; + compl = vp.n2 ! a ++ vp.a2 ++ vp.ext ; + pron = vp.n1 ! a + in t.s ++ p.s ++ case o of { + Main => verb.fin ++ neg.p1 ++ verb.inf ++ pron ++ neg.p2 ++ compl ; + Inv => verb.fin ++ neg.p1 ++ verb.inf ++ pron ++ neg.p2 ++ compl ; ---- + Sub => neg.p1 ++ neg.p2 ++ verb.fin ++ verb.inf ++ pron ++ compl + } + } ; + + ConjVPS = conjunctDistrTable2 Order Agr ; + + ICompAP ap = {s = \\a => hur_IAdv.s ++ ap.s ! a} ; + + + + lincat + RNP = {s : Agr => Str ; isPron : Bool} ; ---- inherent Agr needed: han färgar sitt hår vitt. But also depends on subject + RNPList = {s1,s2 : Agr => Str} ; + + lin + ReflRNP vps rnp = + insertObjPron + (andB (notB vps.c2.hasPrep) rnp.isPron) + rnp.s + (insertObj (\\a => vps.c2.s ++ vps.n3 ! a) vps) ; + + ReflPron = {s = \\a => reflPron a ; isPron = True} ; ---- agr ?? + ReflPoss num cn = { + s = \\a => possPron a.n a.p num.n (ngen2gen cn.g) ++ num.s ! cn.g ++ cn.s ! num.n ! DDef Indef ! Nom ; + isPron = False + } ; + PredetRNP predet rnp = { + s = \\a => predet.s ! Utr ! Pl ++ predet.p ++ rnp.s ! a ; ---- agr needed here as well +---- s = \\a => predet.s ! np.a.g ! np.a.n ++ predet.p ++ np.s ! a ; +---- a = case pred.a of {PAg n => agrP3 np.a.g n ; _ => np.a} ; + isPron = False + } ; + + ConjRNP conj rpns = conjunctDistrTable Agr conj rpns ** {isPron = False} ; + + Base_rr_RNP x y = twoTable Agr x y ; + Base_nr_RNP x y = twoTable Agr {s = \\a => x.s ! NPAcc} y ; + Base_rn_RNP x y = twoTable Agr x {s = \\a => y.s ! NPAcc} ; + Cons_rr_RNP x xs = consrTable Agr comma x xs ; + Cons_nr_RNP x xs = consrTable Agr comma {s = \\a => x.s ! NPAcc} xs ; + + +} +