diff --git a/src/malay/AdjectiveMay.gf b/src/malay/AdjectiveMay.gf
index 2df3e73a..4909f119 100644
--- a/src/malay/AdjectiveMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/AdjectiveMay.gf
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@ concrete AdjectiveMay of Adjective = CatMay ** open ResMay, Prelude in {
 
   lin
 
+  -- : AP -> Adv -> AP ; -- warm by nature
+  AdvAP  ap adv = ap ** {
+    s = ap.s ++ adv.s ;
+  } ;
+
   -- : A  -> AP ;
   PositA a = a ** {
     compar = [] ;
@@ -58,7 +63,6 @@ concrete AdjectiveMay of Adjective = CatMay ** open ResMay, Prelude in {
 
 -- It can also be postmodified by an adverb, typically a prepositional phrase.
 
-  -- : AP -> Adv -> AP ; -- warm by nature
-  -- AdvAP  ap adv = ap ** {} ;
+
 
 }
diff --git a/src/malay/MissingMay.gf b/src/malay/MissingMay.gf
index 44cc5cd0..d1a55f58 100644
--- a/src/malay/MissingMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/MissingMay.gf
@@ -9,8 +9,6 @@ oper AdjCN : AP -> CN -> CN  = notYet "AdjCN" ;
 oper AdjDAP : DAP -> AP -> DAP  = notYet "AdjDAP" ;
 oper AdjOrd : Ord -> AP  = notYet "AdjOrd" ;
 oper AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN  = notYet "AdnCAdv" ;
-oper AdvAP : AP -> Adv -> AP  = notYet "AdvAP" ;
-oper AdvCN : CN -> Adv -> CN  = notYet "AdvCN" ;
 oper AdvIAdv : IAdv -> Adv -> IAdv  = notYet "AdvIAdv" ;
 oper AdvIP : IP -> Adv -> IP  = notYet "AdvIP" ;
 oper AdvNP : NP -> Adv -> NP  = notYet "AdvNP" ;
@@ -191,7 +189,6 @@ oper but_PConj : PConj  = notYet "but_PConj" ;
 oper butter_N : N  = notYet "butter_N" ;
 oper camera_N : N  = notYet "camera_N" ;
 oper can8know_VV : VV  = notYet "can8know_VV" ;
-oper can_VV : VV  = notYet "can_VV" ;
 oper cap_N : N  = notYet "cap_N" ;
 oper carpet_N : N  = notYet "carpet_N" ;
 oper ceiling_N : N  = notYet "ceiling_N" ;
@@ -362,7 +359,6 @@ oper mountain_N : N  = notYet "mountain_N" ;
 oper mouth_N : N  = notYet "mouth_N" ;
 oper much_Det : Det  = notYet "much_Det" ;
 oper music_N : N  = notYet "music_N" ;
-oper must_VV : VV  = notYet "must_VV" ;
 oper n_unit_CN : Card -> CN -> CN -> CN  = notYet "n_unit_CN" ;
 oper n_units_AP : Card -> CN -> A -> AP  = notYet "n_units_AP" ;
 oper n_units_of_NP : Card -> CN -> NP -> NP  = notYet "n_units_of_NP" ;
diff --git a/src/malay/NounMay.gf b/src/malay/NounMay.gf
index 76142d54..90f0b7d5 100644
--- a/src/malay/NounMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/NounMay.gf
@@ -39,7 +39,9 @@ concrete NounMay of Noun = CatMay ** open ResMay, Prelude in {
   --   s = \\c => v2.s ! ??? ++ np.s ! c } ; ----
 
   -- : NP -> Adv -> NP ;    -- Paris today ; boys, such as ..
-  --AdvNP,ExtAdvNP = \np,adv -> np ** {} ;
+  AdvNP,ExtAdvNP = \np,adv -> np ** {
+    s = \\pos => np.s ! pos ++ adv.s
+  } ;
 
   -- : NP -> RS -> NP ;    -- Paris, which is here
     RelNP np rs = np ** {
diff --git a/src/malay/ParadigmsMay.gf b/src/malay/ParadigmsMay.gf
index 2ffaa712..2d20d248 100644
--- a/src/malay/ParadigmsMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/ParadigmsMay.gf
@@ -27,7 +27,9 @@ noPrep : Prep = mkPrep "" ;
     mkA : (adj : Str) -> A ;
   } ;
 
-  -- mkA2 : Str -> Prep -> A2 ;
+  mkA2 : overload {
+    mkA2 : (adj : Str) -> Prep -> A2 ;
+  } ;
 
 --2 Verbs
 
@@ -57,8 +59,10 @@ noPrep : Prep = mkPrep "" ;
   --   = \s -> lin VA (regV s) ;
   -- mkVQ : Str -> VQ
   --   = \s -> lin VQ (regV s) ;
-  -- mkVS : Str -> VS
-  --   = \s -> lin VS (regV s) ;
+  mkVS : overload {
+    mkV : (root : Str) -> V ; -- Verb that takes meng as a active prefix
+    mkV : (root : Str) -> Prefix -> V  -- Root and prefix
+  } ;
   --
   -- mkV2A : Str -> V2A
   --   = \s -> lin V2A (regV s ** {c2 = noPrep}) ;
@@ -103,6 +107,12 @@ noPrep : Prep = mkPrep "" ;
     mkN2 : N   -> N2 = \n -> lin N2 (n ** {c2 = dirPrep}) ;
    } ;
 
+  mkN3 = overload {
+    mkN3 : Str -> N3 = \s -> lin N3 (mkNoun s ** {c2,c3 = dirPrep}) ;
+    mkN3 : N   -> N3 = \n -> lin N3 (n ** {c2,c3 = dirPrep}) ;
+    mkN3 : N   -> Prep -> Prep -> N3 = \n,c2,c3 -> lin N3 (n ** {c2,c3 = dirPrep}) ;
+   } ;
+
   mkPN = overload {
     mkPN : Str -> PN = \s -> lin PN {s = \\_ => s} ;
     } ;
@@ -111,6 +121,11 @@ noPrep : Prep = mkPrep "" ;
     mkA : (adj : Str) -> A = \s -> lin A (mkAdj s) ;
     } ;
 
+  mkA2 = overload {
+    mkA2 : (adj : Str) -> A = \s -> lin A2 (mkAdj s) ;
+    mkA2 : A -> Prep -> A = \a,p -> lin A2 (a) ;
+    } ;
+
   mkV = overload {
     mkV : Str           -> V = \v   -> lin V (mkVerb v Ber) ;
     mkV : Str -> Prefix -> V = \v,p -> lin V (mkVerb v p)
diff --git a/src/malay/PhraseMay.gf b/src/malay/PhraseMay.gf
index a3a03204..4132faaf 100644
--- a/src/malay/PhraseMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/PhraseMay.gf
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ concrete PhraseMay of Phrase = CatMay ** open Prelude, ResMay in {
     UttImpSg pol imp = { s = pol.s ++ imp.s ! Sg ! pol.p } ;
     UttImpPol pol imp = {s = pol.s ++ imp.s ! Sg ! pol.p} ;
     UttVP vp = {s = linVP vp} ;
+    UttAP ap = { s = ap.s } ;
 {-
     UttImpSg pol imp =
     UttImpPl pol imp =
@@ -20,7 +21,6 @@ concrete PhraseMay of Phrase = CatMay ** open Prelude, ResMay in {
     UttAdv adv = {s = } ;
     UttCN n = {s = } ;
     UttCard n = {s = } ;
-    UttAP ap = { s = ap.s ! } ;
     UttInterj i = i ;
 -}
     NoPConj = {s = []} ;
diff --git a/src/malay/ResMay.gf b/src/malay/ResMay.gf
index 0a621724..cbc33ef4 100644
--- a/src/malay/ResMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/ResMay.gf
@@ -60,6 +60,12 @@ oper
     empty = []
     } ;
 
+  mkNounPhrase : Str -> NounPhrase = \str -> {
+    s = \\_ => str ;
+    a = NotPron ;
+    empty = []
+    } ;
+
   mkIP : Str -> IPhrase = \str -> {
     s = \\_ => str ;
     a = NotPron ;
diff --git a/src/malay/StructuralMay.gf b/src/malay/StructuralMay.gf
index a2cb1cb7..e182f6dc 100644
--- a/src/malay/StructuralMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/StructuralMay.gf
@@ -57,13 +57,14 @@ lin and_Conj = {s2 = "dan" ; s1 = [] ; n = Pl} ;
 
 
 lin how8many_IDet = mkIdet "berapa" "berapa banyak" "" Sg True;
+lin every_Det = mkDet "semua" "semua" Sg ; -- to check
+
 {-}
 lin all_Predet = {s = ""} ;
 lin not_Predet = { s = "" } ;
 lin only_Predet = { s = "" } ;
 lin most_Predet = {s = ""} ;
 
-lin every_Det = {s = ""} ;
 lin few_Det = R.indefDet "" pl ;
 lin many_Det = R.indefDet "" pl ;
 lin much_Det = R.indefDet "" sg ;
@@ -78,6 +79,9 @@ lin which_IQuant = mkQuant "yang mana" ** {isPre = False} ;
 
 -----
 -- NP
+
+lin somebody_NP = mkNounPhrase "seorang" ; --todo
+
 {-
 lin everybody_NP = defNP "" N.NumPl ;
 lin everything_NP = defNP "" N.NumSg ;
@@ -174,8 +178,8 @@ lin have_V2 = let have' : V2 = mkV2 "ada" in have' ** {
   passive = "diadakan" ;
 } ;
 -- lin can8know_VV = can_VV ; -- can (capacity)
--- lin can_VV = mkVV "" ;   -- can (possibility)
--- lin must_VV = mkVV "" ;
+lin can_VV = mkVV "boleh" ;   -- can (possibility)
+lin must_VV = mkVV "perlu" ;
 lin want_VV = mkVV "mahu" ;
 
 ------
diff --git a/src/malay/VerbMay.gf b/src/malay/VerbMay.gf
index 77511c0c..b6985a83 100644
--- a/src/malay/VerbMay.gf
+++ b/src/malay/VerbMay.gf
@@ -118,6 +118,11 @@ lin
     s = \\vf,pol => vp.s ! vf ! pol ++ adv.s
     } ;
 
+  -- : AdV -> VP -> VP ;  -- always sleep
+  AdVVP adv vp = vp ** {
+    s = \\vf,pol => vp.s ! vf ! pol ++ adv.s
+    } ;
+
 {-
   -- : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash ;  -- use (it) here
   AdvVPSlash = insertAdv ;
@@ -125,9 +130,6 @@ lin
   -- : VP -> Adv -> VP ;  -- sleep , even though ...
   ExtAdvVP vp adv =  ;
 
-  -- : AdV -> VP -> VP ;  -- always sleep
-  AdVVP adv vp = vp ** {adv = adv} ;
-
   -- : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;  -- always use (it)
   AdVVPSlash adv vps = vps ** { adv = adv.s ++ vps.adv } ;
 -}