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gf-rgl/src/icelandic/ParadigmsIce.gf

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--# -path=.:../abstract:../../prelude:../common
--1 Icelandic Lexical Paradigms
--
-- This is an API for the user of the resource grammar
-- for adding lexical items. It gives functions for forming
-- expressions of open categories: nouns, adjectives, verbs.
--
-- Closed categories (determiners, pronouns, conjunctions) are
-- accessed through the resource syntax API, $Structural.gf$.
--
-- The main difference with $MorphoIce.gf$ is that the types
-- referred to are compiled resource grammar types. We have moreover
-- had the design principle of always having existing forms, rather
-- than stems, as string arguments of the paradigms.
--
-- The structure of functions for each word class $C$ is the following:
-- first we give a handful of patterns that aim to cover all
-- regular cases. Then we give a worst-case function $mkC$, which serves as an
-- escape to construct the most irregular words of type $C$.
-- However, this function should only seldom be needed: we have a
-- separate module [``IrregIce`` ../../icelandic/IrregIce.gf],
-- which covers irregular verbss.
resource ParadigmsIce = open
(Predef=Predef),
Prelude,
MorphoIce,
ResIce,
CatIce
in {
--2 Parameters
oper
-- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
Gender : Type ;
masculine : Gender ;
feminine : Gender ;
neuter : Gender ;
--- To abstract over number names, we define the following.
Number : Type ;
singular : Number ;
plural : Number ;
-- To abstract over case names, we define the following.
Case : Type ;
nominative : Case ;
accusative : Case ;
dative : Case ;
genitive : Case ;
--2 Nouns
-- Nouns are constructed by the function $mkN$, which takes a varying
-- number of arguments.
mkN = overload {
-- Given Sg.Nom.
mkN : Str -> N = mk0N ;
-- Given Sg.Nom. and gender
mkN : Str -> Gender -> N = mk1N ;
-- Given Sg.Nom and Pl.Nom - different Pl.Nom part
mkN : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N = mk2N ;
-- Given Sg.Nom, Sg.Gen, and Pl.Nom - also different Sg.Gen part
mkN : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N = mk3N ;
-- Given Sg.Nom, Sg.Gen, Pl.Nom and Pl.Gen - also different Pl.Gen part
mkN : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N = mk4N ;
-- Worst case, all eight forms.
mkN : (x1,_,_,_,_,_,_,x8 : Str) -> Gender -> N = mk8N ;
} ;
-- compound nouns - the last noun leads the inflexion, the rest stays the same
mkCompoundN : Str -> N -> N = \front,lead -> lin N {
s = \\n,s,c => front + lead.s ! n ! s ! c ;
g = lead.g
} ;
-- Some weak declensions of neuter and feminine nouns differ in the Pl Gen
-- with a "-n-" in the ending but differ in no other way.
-- This goes only for weak feminine and neuter nouns, the operation is not for
-- masculine nouns.
mkNPlGen : Str -> Gender -> N = \stelpa,g -> case <stelpa,g> of {
<front + "a",Fem> => lin N (nForms2FemNoun (dSaga stelpa (front + "na"))) ;
<front + "a",_> => lin N (nForms2NeutrNoun (dAuga stelpa (front + "na")))
} ;
-- AR 2019-08-01 following Neijmann, "Colloquial Icelandic" Kindle Loc. 439
--- very simplified heuristics I guess
mk0N : Str -> N = \s -> case s of {
_ + ("ur" | "i" | "ll" | "nn") => mk1N s Masc ;
_ + ("a" | "ing" | "un") => mk1N s Fem ;
_ => mk1N s Neutr
} ;
mk1N : Str -> Gender -> N = \s,g -> case g of {
Neutr => lin N (nForms2NeutrNoun (neutrNForms1 s)) ;
Masc => lin N (nForms2MascNoun (mascNForms1 s)) ;
Fem => lin N (nForms2FemNoun (femNForms1 s))
} ;
mk2N : (_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N = \x,y,g -> case g of {
Neutr => lin N (nForms2NeutrNoun (neutrNForms2 x y)) ;
Masc => lin N (nForms2MascNoun (mascNForms2 x y)) ;
Fem => lin N (nForms2FemNoun (femNForms2 x y))
} ;
mk3N : (_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N =\x,y,z,g -> case g of {
Neutr => lin N (nForms2NeutrNoun (neutrNForms3 x y z)) ;
Masc => lin N (nForms2MascNoun (mascNForms3 x y z)) ;
Fem => lin N (nForms2FemNoun (femNForms3 x y z))
} ;
mk4N : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Gender -> N =\a,b,c,d,g -> case g of {
Neutr => lin N (nForms2NeutrNoun (neutrNForms4 a b c d)) ;
Masc => lin N (nForms2MascNoun (mascNForms4 a b c d)) ;
Fem => lin N (nForms2FemNoun (femNForms4 a b c d))
} ;
neutrNForms1 : Str -> NForms = \s -> case s of {
"tré" | "hné" | "fé" => dTré s ;
front + middle@("g" | "k") + "j" + "a" => dAuga s (front + middle + "na") ;
_ + ("r" | "s" | "n" | "j") + "a" => dAuga s s ;
stem + "a" => dAuga s (stem + "na") ;
-- stem + "a" - I Don't think this is the general case, a counter example
-- would be "þema" - "þema". Contacted a linguist about this and am waiting
-- for an answer.
front + ("ki" | "gi") => dKvæði s ((a2ö front) + "jum") ;
front + "i" => dKvæði s ((a2ö front) + "um") ;
front + "ur" => dSumar s s ;
front + "ar" => dSumar s (front + "ur") ;
--front + end@("að" | "al" | "ald" | "an" | "ang") =>
_ => dBarn s (a2ö s)
} ;
-- Currently not used! Should be added at least some cases for 2 forms and maybe for 3 forms as well.
neutrNForms2 : (_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sg,pl -> case <sg,pl> of {
_ => dBarn sg pl
} ;
neutrNForms3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \nom,gen,pl -> case <nom,gen,pl> of {
<_+"ur", _+"nns", _+"nn"> => dMaður nom gen pl ;
_ => dBarn nom pl
} ;
neutrNForms4 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen -> case <sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen> of {
_ => dBarn sgNom plNom
} ;
mascNForms1 : Str -> NForms = \s -> case s of {
front + "andi" => dNemandi s (front + "endur") ;
front + "óndi" => dNemandi s (front + "ændur") ;
front + "ndi" => dNemandi s s ;
front + middle@("ing" | "ung" | "dóm") + "ur" => dArmur s (front + middle + "ar") ;
front + middle@"und" + "ur" => dHöfundur s (front + middle + "ar") ;
front + middle@("ang" | "ald") + "ur" => dAkur s (front + middle + "rar") ;
front + ("a" | "i" | "u") + end@("nn" | "ll") => dHiminn s (front + (init end) + "ar") ;
#consonant* + #vowel + ("ll" | "nn") => dStóll s ;
stem + "ur" => dArmur s (stem + "ar") ; -- the most common masc noun type
front@(_ + "ó") + "r" => dMór s (front + "ar") ;
_ + "i" => dSími s ;
_ => dBiskup s
} ;
mascNForms2 : (_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sg,pl -> case <sg,pl> of {
<_ + "ó" + _ + "ur",_ + "æ" + _ + "ur"> => dFótur sg pl ;
<_ + "ór",_> => dMór sg pl ;
<_ + "i",_ + "ir"> => dDani sg pl ;
<_ + "ur",_ + "rar"> => dAkur sg pl ;
<_ + "ur",_ + "ar"> => dArmur sg pl ;
<_ + ("a" | "i" | "u") + end@("nn" | "ll"), _ + "ar"> => dHiminn sg pl -- for words like himinn that have a i-shift in the plural
} ;
mascNForms3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms =\nom,gen,pl -> case <nom,gen,pl> of {
<_ + "ö" + _,_ + "ar",_ + "ir"> => dFjörður nom gen pl ;
<"faðir" | "bróðir",_,_> => dFaðir nom gen pl ;
<"maður",_,_> => dMaður nom gen pl ;
<_ + "ur", _ + "s", _ + "ir"> => dDalur nom pl ;
<_ + "ur", _ + "ar", _ + "ar"> => dHöfundur nom pl ;
<_ + "ur", _ + "ar", _ + "ir"> => dSöfnuður nom gen pl ;
<_ + "ur", _ + "s" , _ + "ar"> => dArmur nom pl
} ;
mascNForms4 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen -> case <sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen> of {
_ => dNemandi sgNom plNom -- dummy case so the operation doesn't give error
} ;
femNForms1 : Str -> NForms = \s -> case s of {
_ + "ing" => dFylking s (s + "ar") ;
front + "un" => dVerslun s (front + "anir") ; --- AR 2019-08-02
front + middle@("g" | "k") + "j" + "a" => dSaga s (front + middle + "na") ;
_ + ("r" | "s" | "n" | "j") + "a" => dSaga s s ; -- I Don't think this is the general case
stem + "a" => dSaga s s -- I Don't think this is the general case
} ;
femNForms2 : (_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sg,pl -> case <sg,pl> of {
<_ + "un",_ + "ir"> => dVerslun sg pl ;
<_ + "i",_ + "ir"> => dKeppni sg pl ;
<_ + "ur",_ + "rir"> => dFjöður sg pl ;
<_ + "ur",_ + "ir"> => dBrúður sg pl ;
<_,_ + "ir"> => dÞökk sg pl ;
<_,_ + ("rar" | "var" | "jar")> => dLifur sg pl ;
<_ + "ur", _ + "ar"> => dÆður sg pl ;
<_,_ + "ar"> => dNál sg pl ;
-- this is not general
--<_ + ("í" | "ú" | "ei" | "æ" | "á" | "ó" | "au") + ("t"* | "k"*),_> => dBók sg pl ;
<"móðir" | "dóttir" | "systir",_> => dMóðir sg pl ;
<_ + "á", _ + "ær"> => dTá sg pl ;
<_ + "ó", _ + "ær"> => dTá sg pl ;
<_ + "ú", _ + "ýr"> => dTá sg pl ;
<_ + "á", _ + "á" + _> => dÁ sg pl ;
<_ + "ó", _ + "ó" + _> => dÁ sg pl ;
<_ + "ú", _ + "ú" + _> => dÁ sg pl ;-- in some cases the Sg.Gen becomes ú-ar instead of ú-r, I do not know atm why.
<_ + "ús",_> => dMús sg pl
} ;
femNForms3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \nom,gen,pl -> case <nom,gen,pl> of {
<_ + "i" , _ + "ar", _ + "ar"> => dHeiði nom pl ;
<_ + "i" , _ , _ + "ar"> => dLygi nom pl ;
<_ , _ + "ar" , _ + "ur"> => dNögl nom gen pl
} ;
femNForms4 : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> NForms = \sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen -> case <sgNom,sgGen,plNom,plGen> of {
<"kona",_,_,"kvenna"> => dKona sgNom plGen ;
<_,_ + "ur",_ + "ur",_> => dMörk sgNom plNom plGen
} ;
mk8N : (x1,_,_,_,_,_,_,x8 : Str) -> Gender -> N = \a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,gend ->
let nfs = nForms8 a b c d e f g h
in lin N (nForms2Noun nfs (nForms2Suffix nfs gend) gend) ;
mkPN = overload {
-- this should be merged or swithced with N -> Gender
mkPN : Str -> Gender -> PN =
\name,g -> regPN name g ;
} ;
mkN2 : N -> Preposition -> N2 = \n,prep -> lin N2 (n ** {c2 = prep}) ;
mkN3 : N -> (_,_ : Preposition) -> N3 = \n,c2,c3 -> lin N3 (n ** {c2 = c2; c3 = c3}) ;
--2 Adjectives
-- Adjectives are constructed by the function $mkA$, which takes a varying
-- number of arguments.
mkA = overload {
-- Given Sg.Masc.Nom of the positive comparision
mkA : Str -> A = mk1A ;
-- Given also the Sg.fem.Nom of the positive comparision
mkA : (_,_ : Str) -> A = mk2A ;
-- Given also the Sg.Masc.Nom of the comparitive comparision
mkA : (_,_,_ : Str) -> A = mk3A ;
} ;
mk1A : Str -> A = \s -> lin A (aForms2Adjective
(weakPosit s s) (strongPosit1 s) (compar1 s) (weakSuperl s s) (strongSuperl1 s) (regAAdv1 s)) ; --- AR 2019-08-08: second arguments of weak declensions were [], producing only endings
mk2A : (_,_ : Str) -> A = \mas,fem -> case mas of {
_ + ("ll"|"nn") => mk1A mas ; ---- AR 2019-08-08 ; the case below does not work
_ => lin A (aForms2Adjective
(weakPosit mas fem) (strongPosit2 mas fem) (compar2 mas fem) (weakSuperl mas fem) (strongSuperl2 mas fem) (regAAdv2 mas fem))
} ;
mk3A : (_,_,_ : Str) -> A = \mas,fem,com -> case mas of {
_ + ("ll"|"nn") => mk1A mas ; ---- AR 2019-08-08 ; the case below does not work
_ => lin A (aForms2Adjective
(weakPosit mas fem) (strongPosit2 mas fem) (compar1 com) (weakSuperl com []) (strongSuperl1 com) (regAAdv2 mas fem))
} ;
strongPosit1 : Str -> AForms = \s -> case s of {
#consonant* + "ei" + ("ll" | "nn") => dSeinn s ;
_ + "inn" => dFarinn s ;
_ + "ill" => dLítill s ;
#consonant* + #vowel + ("ll" | "nn") => dSeinn s ;
stem + "ur" => dFalur s (a2ö stem) ;
_ + "i" => dI s ; ---- AR 2019-08-02 guess to prevent failure
_ => dSmár s ---- AR 2019-08-02 guess to prevent failure
} ;
strongPosit2 : (_,_ : Str) -> AForms = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<_,_ + ("á" | "ó" | "ú")> => dSmár fem ;
<front + "ur",_ + "ur"> => dFagur mas fem ;
<front + "ur",_> => dFalur mas fem ;
<_,_ + ("r" | "s" | (#consonant + "n"))> => dDýr mas ; -- Should this also be moved to strongPosit1 ?
<_, _ + ("ý" | "æ")> => dNýr fem ;
<_ + "ill",_> => dLítill mas ;
<_ + "inn",_> => dFarinn mas
} ;
weakPosit : (_,_ : Str) -> AForms = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<front + "ur",_ + "ur"> => dPositW (front + "r") ;
<stem + "ur",_> => dPositW stem ;
<#consonant* + "ei" + ("ll" | "nn"),_> => dSeinn mas ;
<front + "ill",_> => dPositW (í2i front + "l") ;
<front + "inn",_> => dPositW (front + "n") ;
_ => dPositW fem
} ;
compar1 : Str -> AForms = \s -> case s of {
front + "ni" => dI (init s) ;
stem + "ari" => dAri stem ;
stem + "ri" => dRi stem ;
front + mid@("leg"|"ug") + "ur" => dRi (front + mid) ;
stem + "ur" => dAri stem ;
#consonant* + "ei" + ("ll" | "nn") => dSeinn s ;
front + "inn" => dAri (front + "n") ;
_ + ("ll" | "nn") => dI s ;
_ => dI s ---- AR 2019-08-02 guess to prevent failure
} ;
compar2 : (_,_ : Str) -> AForms = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<front + "ur",_ + "ur"> => dAri (front + "r") ;
<front + mid@("leg"|"ug") + "ur",_> => dRi (front + mid) ;
<stem + "ur", _> => dAri stem ;
<_ + ("ll" | "nn"),_> => compar1 mas ;
<_ + "r", _ + ("á"|"ó"|"ú"|"ý"|"æ")> => dRi fem ;
<_,_ + ("r"|"s"|(#consonant + "n"))> => dAri fem
} ;
weakSuperl : (_,_ : Str) -> AForms = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<front + "ni",_> => dSuperlW (front + "nst") (front + "nust") ;
<stem + "ari",_> => dSuperlW (stem + "ast") (stem + "ust") ;
<stem + "ri",_> => dSuperlW (stem + "st") (stem + "st") ;
<frontm + "ur",frontf + "ur"> => dSuperlW (frontm + "rast") (frontf + "rust") ;
<front + "ur",_> => dSuperlW (front + "ast") (front + "ust") ;
<front + end@("ll" | "nn"),_> => dSuperlW (front + (init end) + "ast") ((a2ö front) + (init end) + "ust") ;
<_,_ + ("ý" | "æ")> => dSuperlW (fem + "jast") (fem + "just") ;
_ => dSuperlW (fem + "ast") (fem + "ust")
} ;
strongSuperl1 : Str -> AForms = \t -> case t of {
front + "ni" => dFalastur (front + "nstur") (front + "nst") ;
stem + "ari" => dFalastur (stem + "astur") (stem + "ust") ;
stem + "ri" => dFalastur (stem + "stur") (stem + "st") ;
stem@(_ + "ei") +
end@("ll" | "nn") => dFalastur (stem + init end + "astur") (a2ö stem + init end + "ust") ;
stem + "inn" => dFalastur (stem + "nastur") (a2ö stem + "nust") ;
stem + end@("ll"|"nn") => dFalastur (stem + init end + "astur") (a2ö stem + init end + "ust") ;
stem + "ur" => dFalastur (stem + "astur") ((a2ö stem) + "ust") ;
_ => dFalastur (t + "astur") ((a2ö t) + "ust") ---- AR 2019-08-02 guess to prevent failure
} ;
strongSuperl2 : (_,_ : Str) -> AForms = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<frontm + "ur",frontf + "ur"> => dFalastur (frontm + "rastur") (frontf + "rust") ;
<frontm + "ur", _> => dFalastur (frontm + "astur") (fem + "ust") ;
<_, _ + ("á" | "ú" | "ó")> => dFalastur (fem + "astur") (fem + "ust") ;
<_, _ + ("ý" | "æ")> => dFalastur (fem + "jastur") (fem + "just") ;
<_+("ll" | "nn"), _> => strongSuperl1 mas ;
<_,_ + ("r" | "s" | (#consonant + "n"))> => dFalastur (fem + "astur") (fem + "ust")
} ;
-- Adverb construction from adjectives. Below (regAAdv*) is used a regular way to
-- form adverb from adjectives. That way suffixes -lega to the stem similarily to
-- -ly in english. Other ways, regular or irregular, are given via addAdv.
regAAdv1 : Str -> Str = \s -> case s of {
front + "einn" => front + "einlega" ;
front + "eill" => front + "eillega" ;
front + "inn" => front + "lega" ;
front + "ll" => front + "llega" ;
front + "nn" => front + "nlega" ;
front + "leg" + "ur" => front + "lega" ;
front + "ur" => front + "lega" ;
_ => s + "lega" ---- AR 2019-08-02 guess to prevent failure
} ;
regAAdv2 : (_,_ : Str) -> Str = \mas,fem -> case <mas,fem> of {
<_,_ + ("á" | "ó" | "ú" | "ý" | "æ")> => fem + "lega" ;
<front + "ur",_ + "ur"> => mas + "lega" ;
<front + "ur", _> => front + "lega" ;
<front + ("ll" | "nn"),_> => mas + "ega" ;
_ => mas + "lega"
} ;
addAdv : A -> Str -> A = \a,adv -> a ** {adv = adv} ;
mkA2 : A -> Prep -> A2 = \adj,prep -> adj ** {c2 = prep} ;
--2 Verbs
-- Verbs are constructed by the functions $mkV$ and $irregV$ which take a varying
-- number of arguments.
mkV = overload {
-- Given the infinitive
mkV : Str -> V
= \telja -> case telja of {
otta + "st" => depV (mk1V otta) ;
_ => mk1V telja
} ;
-- Given also the first person singular present tense indicative mood
mkV : (_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel -> mk2V telja tel ;
-- Given also the first persons singular past tense indicative mood
mkV : (_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi -> mk3V telja tel taldi ;
-- Given also the past participle (strong declension) in the singular masculine nominative.
mkV : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi,talinn -> mk4V telja tel taldi talinn ;
-- Given also the supine
mkV : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi,talinn,talið -> mk5V telja tel taldi talinn talið ;
-- will be taken out, not to worry...
-- The theoretical worst case
mkV : (x1,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,x59 : Str) -> V =
\fljúga,flýg,flýgur2,flýgur3,fljúgum,fljúgið,fljúga,flaug1,flaugst,flaug2,flugum,fluguð,flugu,
fljúgi1,fljúgir,fljúgi3,fljúgumS,fljúgiðS,fljúgi,flygi1,flygir,flygi2,flygjum,flygjuð,flygju,
fljúgðu,fljúgið,fljúgandi,floginn,sgMascAcc,sgMascDat,sgMascGen,sgFemNom,sgFemAcc,sgFemDat,sgFemGen,
sgNeutNom,sgNeutAcc,sgNeutDat,sgNeutGen,plMascNom,plMascAcc,plMascDat,plMascGen,
plFemNom,plFemAcc,plFemDat,plFemGen,plNeutNom,plNeutAcc,plNeutDat,plNeutGen,
weakSgMascNom,weakSgMascAccDatGen,weakSgFemNom,weakSgFemAccDatGen,weakSgNeut,weakPl,flogið ->
lin V (mkVerb fljúga flýg flýgur2 flýgur3 fljúgum fljúgið fljúga flaug1 flaugst flaug2 flugum fluguð flugu
fljúgi1 fljúgir fljúgi3 fljúgumS fljúgiðS fljúgi flygi1 flygir flygi2 flygjum flygjuð flygju
fljúgðu fljúgið fljúgandi floginn sgMascAcc sgMascDat sgMascGen sgFemNom sgFemAcc sgFemDat sgFemGen
sgNeutNom sgNeutAcc sgNeutDat sgNeutGen plMascNom plMascAcc plMascDat plMascGen
plFemNom plFemAcc plFemDat plFemGen plNeutNom plNeutAcc plNeutDat plNeutGen
weakSgMascNom weakSgMascAccDatGen weakSgFemNom weakSgFemAccDatGen weakSgNeut weakPl flogið) ;
};
depV : V -> V = \verb -> lin V (deponentVerb verb) ;
mk1V : Str -> V = \inf ->
lin V (vForms2Verb inf (indsub1 inf) (impSg inf) (impPl inf) (presPart inf) (sup inf) (weakPP inf) (strongPP inf)) ;
mk2V : (_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel ->
lin V (vForms2Verb telja (indsub2 telja tel) (impSg telja) (impPl telja) (presPart telja) (sup telja) (weakPP telja) (strongPP telja)) ;
mk3V : (_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi ->
lin V (vForms2Verb telja (indsub3 telja tel taldi) (impSg taldi) (impPl telja) (presPart telja) (sup telja) (weakPP telja) (strongPP telja));
mk4V : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi,talinn ->
lin V (vForms2Verb telja (indsub3 telja tel taldi) (impSg taldi) (impPl telja) (presPart telja) (sup telja) (weakPP talinn) (strongPP talinn)) ;
mk5V : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \telja,tel,taldi,talinn,talið ->
lin V (vForms2Verb telja (indsub3 telja tel taldi) (impSg taldi) (impPl telja) (presPart telja) talið (weakPP talinn) (strongPP talinn)) ;
indsub1 : Str -> MForms = \inf -> case inf of {
stem@(front + "e" + c) + "ja" => cTelja inf stem (ðiditi (front + "a" + c)) ;
stem@(front + "y" + c) + "ja" => cTelja inf stem (ðiditi (front + "u" + c)) ;
stem@(front + "ý" + c) + "ja" => cTelja inf stem (ðiditi (front + "ú" + c)) ;
stem@(front + "æ" + c) + "ja" => cTelja inf stem (ðiditi (front + "á" + c)) ;
stem + "ja" => cTelja inf stem (ðiditi stem) ;
stem + "a" => cDæma inf (stem + "i") (ðiditi stem)
} ;
indsub2 : (_,_ : Str) -> MForms = \telja,tel -> case <telja,tel> of {
<_ + "a",stem + "i"> => cDæma telja tel (ðiditi stem) ;
<_ + "a",_ + "a"> => cKalla telja (ðiditi telja) ;
<_ + "ja",_> => cTelja telja tel (ðiditi tel)
} ;
indsub3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> MForms = \telja,tel,taldi -> case <telja,tel,taldi> of {
<_ + "a",_ + "i",_> => cDæma telja tel taldi ;
<_ + "a",_ + "a",_> => cKalla telja taldi ;
<_ + "a",_,_> => cTelja telja tel taldi
} ;
impSg : Str -> Str = \inf -> case inf of {
front + "i" => front + "u" ;
front + "ja" => (init (ðiditi front)) + "u" ;
front + "a" => (init (ðiditi front)) + "u" ;
_ => inf + "ðu"
} ;
impPl : Str -> Str = \inf -> case inf of {
front + "a" => front + "ið" ;
_ => inf + "ið"
} ;
sup : Str -> Str = \inf -> case inf of {
front + "e" + c + "ja" => front + "a" + c + "ið" ;
front + "y" + c + "ja" => front + "u" + c + "ið" ;
front + "ý" + c + "ja" => front + "ú" + c + "ið" ;
front + "æ" + c + "ja" => front + "á" + c + "ið" ;
front + ("a" | "ja" | "u") => front + "ið" ;
_ => inf + "ð"
} ;
presPart : Str -> Str = \telja -> case telja of {
telj + "a" => telj + "andi" ;
_ => telja + "andi"
} ;
strongPP : Str -> AForms = \inf -> case inf of {
-- first two cases are not in the inf, but the pp in cases
-- when it is needed to give it explicitly
front + "inn" => dTalinn inf ;
front + "aður" => dFalur inf ((a2ö front) + "uð") ;
stem + "ur" => dFalur inf stem ;
front + "e" + c + "ja" => dTalinn (front + "a" + c + "inn") ;
front + "y" + c + "ja" => dTalinn (front + "u" + c + "inn") ;
front + "ý" + c + "ja" => dTalinn (front + "ú" + c + "inn") ;
front + "æ" + c + "ja" => dTalinn (front + "á" + c + "inn") ;
stem + "ja" => dTalinn (stem + "inn") ;
stem + "a" => dFalur (stem + "ur") (a2ö stem)
} ;
weakPP : Str -> AForms = \inf -> case inf of {
-- first three cases are not in the inf, but the pp in cases
-- when it is needed to give it explicitly
stem + "inn" => dPositW stem ;
front + "aður" => dPositWW (front + "aði") ((a2ö front) + "uðu") ;
stem + "ur" => dPositW stem ;
front + "e" + c + "ja" => dPositW (init (ðiditi (front + "a" + c))) ;
front + "y" + c + "ja" => dPositW (init (ðiditi (front + "u" + c))) ;
front + "ý" + c + "ja" => dPositW (init (ðiditi (front + "ú" + c))) ;
front + "æ" + c + "ja" => dPositW (init (ðiditi (front + "á" + c))) ;
stem + "a" => dPositW (init (ðiditi stem))
} ;
-- Irregular verbs, made with irregV, are mostly kept in IrregIce.gf.
-- The name is a bit misleading, i.e. irregular. These verbs are regular
-- in the sense that they can be predicted and have patterns. The verbs that
-- are considered irregular here are : those that are consiederd to strong
-- verbs, preterite presents and the so called -ri verbs. All these group
-- of verbs are countable and closed.
irregV = overload {
-- given the infinitive
irregV : Str -> V = \bjóða -> irreg1V bjóða;
-- given also the past participle (Strong.Sg.Masc.Nom)
irregV : (_,_ : Str) -> V = \bjóða,boðinn -> irreg2V bjóða boðinn ;
-- given also the singular and plural past indicative
irregV : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \ausa,jós,jusum,ausinn -> irreg4V ausa jós jusum ausinn ;
irregV : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \vera,er,var,sé,væri,verinn -> irreg6V vera er var sé væri verinn ;
-- when the pattern is pretty rather unique or hard to pattern match - left over verbs
irregV : MForms -> (_,_ : Str) -> V = \mforms,éta,etinn -> irreg9V mforms éta etinn ;
};
irreg1V : Str -> V = \inf ->
lin V (vForms2Verb inf (irregindsub inf) (impIrregSg inf) (impPl inf) (presPart inf) (sup inf) (weakPP inf) (strongPP inf)) ;
irreg2V : (_,_ : Str) -> V = \bjóða,boðinn ->
lin V (vForms2Verb bjóða (irregindsub bjóða) (impIrregSg bjóða) (impPl bjóða) (presPart bjóða) (sup bjóða) (weakPP boðinn) (strongPP boðinn)) ;
irreg4V : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \ausa,jós,jusum,ausinn ->
lin V (vForms2Verb ausa (irregindsub3 ausa jós jusum) (impIrregSg ausa) (impPl ausa) (presPart ausa) (sup ausa) (weakPP ausinn) (strongPP ausinn)) ;
irreg6V : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> V = \vera,er,var,sé,væri,verinn ->
lin V (vForms2Verb vera (irregindsub5 vera er var sé væri) (impIrregSg vera) (impPl vera) (presPart vera) (sup vera) (weakPP verinn) (strongPP verinn)) ;
irreg9V : MForms -> (_,_ : Str) -> V = \mforms,éta,etinn ->
lin V (vForms2Verb éta mforms (impIrregSg éta) (impPl éta) (presPart éta) (sup éta) (weakPP etinn) (strongPP etinn)) ;
impIrregSg : Str -> Str = \inf -> case inf of {
front + "a" => front + "ðu" ;
_ => inf + "ðu"
} ;
irregindsub : Str -> MForms = \inf -> case inf of {
-- biðja, sitja..
front@("b" | "s") + "i" + back@("t"| "ð") + "j" + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "i" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "á" + back + "um")
(front + "æ" + back + "i") ;
-- þiggja, liggja..
front@("þ" | "l") + "i" + back@("gg") + "j" + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "i" + back)
(front + "á")
(front + "á" + back + "um")
(front + "æ" + back + "i") ;
-- flá, slá, þvo..
front@("fl" | "sl" | "þv") + middle@("á" | "o") => cFara inf
(front + "æ")
(front + "ó")
(front + "ógum")
(front + "ægi") ;
-- í - ei - i - i
front + "í" + back + #vowel => cBíta inf (front + "ei" + back) (front + "i" + back + "um") ;
-- jó - au - u - o
front + ("jó" | "jú" | "ú") + back@(#consonant*) + #vowel => cBjóða inf
(front + "ý" + back)
(front + "au" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- (v)e - a - u - o
front@(f + "v") + "e" + back@(#consonant + #consonant) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(f + "u" + back + "um")
(f + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- e - a - u - o
front + "e" + back@(#consonant + #consonant) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- e - a - á - o
front@("b" | "sk") + "e" + back@("r") + #vowel => cFara inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "á" + back + "um")
(front + "e" + back + "i") ;
-- e - a - á - o
front@("st" | "f" | "n") + "e" + back@("l" | "m") + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "á" + back + "um")
(front + "e" + back + "i") ;
-- e - a - á - e
front + "e" + back@(#consonant) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "á" + back + "um")
(front + "e" + back + "i") ;
-- a - ó - ó - a
front + "a" + back@(#consonant) + #vowel => cFara inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "ó" + back)
(front + "ó" + back + "um")
(front + "æ" + back + "i") ;
-- e + j - ó - ó - a
front + "e" + back@(#consonant) + "j" + #vowel => cFara inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "ó" + back)
(front + "ó" + back + "um")
(front + "æ" + back + "i") ;
-- ey/æ + j - ó - ó - a
front + middle@("ey" | "æ") + "j" + #vowel => cFara inf
(front + middle)
(front + "ó" )
(front + "ó" + "um")
(front + "æ" + "i") ;
-- já/ja -e - a - u - o
front + ("já" | "ja") + back@(#consonant*) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- i - a - u - u
front@(f + "v") + "i" + back@("n" + #consonant) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(f + "u" + back + "um")
(f + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- i - a - u - u
front + "i" + back@("n" + #consonant) + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- e - a - u - u
front + "e" + back@("kk" | "nn") + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "a" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
-- ö (-e) - ö - u - o - cBresta
front + "ö" + back@("kk") + "v" + #vowel => cBresta inf
(front + "e" + back)
(front + "ö" + back)
(front + "u" + back + "um")
-- i) á - é - é - á
-- gráta grét grétum grátið
-- front + "á" + tannhljóð + #vowel => c? inf (front + "é" + back) (front + "é" + back + "um") ;
(front + "y" + back + "i")
} ;
irregindsub3 : (_,_,_ : Str) -> MForms = \ausa,jós,jusum -> case <ausa,jós,jusum> of {
<front + "au" + back + #vowel,_ + "jó" + _, _ + "u" + _> => cAusa ausa
(front + "ey" + back)
jós
jusum
(front + "y" + back + "i") ;
<front + "ei" + back + #vowel, _ + "é" + _, _ + "é" + _> => cBresta ausa
(front + "ei" + back)
jós
jusum
(front + "é" + back + "i") ;
<front + "a" + back + #vowel, _ + "é" + _, _ + "é" + _> => cBresta ausa
(front + "e" + back)
jós
jusum
(front + "é" + back + "i") ;
<front + "á" + back + #vowel, _ + "é" + _, _ + "é" + _> => cBresta ausa
(front + "æ" + back)
jós
jusum
(front + "é" + back + "i")
} ;
irregindsub5 : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> MForms = \vera,er,var,sé,væri -> case <vera,er,var,sé,væri> of {
<"vera",_,_,_,_> => cVera er var "voru" sé væri ;
<"róa"|"gróa"|"núa"|"snúa",_,_,_,_> => cRóa vera er var sé ;
_ => cMuna vera er var sé væri
} ;
--3 Two-place verbs
-- Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object.
-- (transitive verbs).
prepV2 : V -> Preposition -> V2 = \v,prep -> v ** {c2 = prep} ;
prepV3 : V -> Preposition -> Preposition -> V3 = \v,p1,p2 -> v ** {c2 = p1 ; c3 = p2} ;
accPrep : Preposition = {s = []; c = Acc} ;
mkV2 = overload {
-- also constructed like V2 are : VV, V2A, V2S, V2Q
-- Two-place regular verbs with direct object (accusative, transitive verbs).
mkV2 : V -> V2 = \v -> prepV2 v accPrep ;
-- Two-place with a preposition or object in a given case
mkV2 : V -> Preposition -> V2 = \v,prep -> prepV2 v prep;
};
--3 Three-place verbs
-- Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which
-- the first one or both can be absent.
mkV3 = overload {
-- also constructed like V3 is V2V
-- ditransitive, e.g. give,_,_
mkV3 : V -> V3 = \v -> prepV3 v (mkPrep "" dative) (mkPrep "" accusative) ;
-- ditransitive, e.g. give,_,to
mkV3 : V -> Prep -> V3 = \v,p2 -> prepV3 v (mkPrep "" dative) p2 ;
-- ditransitive, e.g. speak,with,about
mkV3 : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V3 = \v,p1,p2 -> prepV3 v p1 p2 ;
};
--2 Definitions of paradigms
-- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are
-- hidden from the document.
Gender = ResIce.Gender ;
Number = ResIce.Number ;
Case = ResIce.Case ;
masculine = Masc ;
feminine = Fem ;
neuter = Neutr ;
singular = Sg ;
plural = Pl ;
nominative = Nom ;
accusative = Acc ;
dative = Dat ;
genitive = Gen ;
--N = ResIce.N ;
--A = ResIce.A ;
--V = ResIce.V ;
vowel : pattern Str = #("a" | "á" | "e" | "é" | "i" | "í" | "o" | "ó" | "u" | "ú" | "y" | "ý" | "æ" | "ö") ;
consonant : pattern Str = #("b" | "d" | "ð" | "f" | "g" | "h" | "j" | "k" | "l" | "m" | "n" | "p" | "r" | "s" | "t" | "v" | "x" | "þ") ;
regPN : Str -> Gender -> PN = \name,g -> case <name,g> of {
<base + "i",Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name (base + "a") (base + "a") (base + "a") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + "a",Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name (base + "u") (base + "u") (base + "u") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + "ur",Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name base (base + "i") (base + "s") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + "l",Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name name name (name + "s") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + "s",Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name name (name + "i") (name + "ar") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + #consonant,Masc> => lin PN {s = caseList name name (name + "i") (name + "s") ; g = Masc} ;
<base + #consonant,Fem> => lin PN {s = caseList name name name (name + "ar") ; g = Fem} ;
<base + #consonant,Neutr> => lin PN {s = caseList name name (name + "i") (name + "s") ; g = Neutr}
} ;
-- 3 Adverbs
mkAdv : Str -> Adv = \x -> lin Adv (ss x) ;
mkAdA : Str -> AdA = \x -> lin AdA (ss x) ;
mkAdN : CAdv -> AdN = \cadv -> lin AdN {s = cadv.s ++ cadv.p } ;
mkAdV : Str -> AdV = \x -> lin AdV (ss x) ;
-- 3 Prepositions
mkPrep : Str -> Case -> Prep = \s,c -> lin Prep {s = s ; c = c } ;
-- 2 Conjunctions
mkConj = overload {
mkConj : Str -> Conj = \y -> mk2Conj [] y plural ;
mkConj : Str -> Number -> Conj =\y,n -> mk2Conj [] y n ;
mkConj : Str -> Str -> Conj =\x,y -> mk2Conj x y plural ;
mkConj : Str -> Str -> Number -> Conj =\x,y,n -> mk2Conj x y n ;
} ;
mk2Conj : Str -> Str -> Number -> Conj = \x,y,n ->
lin Conj (sd2 x y ** {n = n}) ;
} ;
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