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updated resource doc

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@@ -7,9 +7,41 @@
<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1>GF Resource Grammar Library v. 1.0</H1> <P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1>GF Resource Grammar Library v. 1.0</H1>
<FONT SIZE="4"> <FONT SIZE="4">
<I>Author: Aarne Ranta &lt;aarne (at) cs.chalmers.se&gt;</I><BR> <I>Author: Aarne Ranta &lt;aarne (at) cs.chalmers.se&gt;</I><BR>
Last update: Sun Jun 4 00:01:57 2006 Last update: Thu Jun 8 23:35:47 2006
</FONT></CENTER> </FONT></CENTER>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Authors</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc2">License</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Scope</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Quick start</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">The language independent ground API</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">The language-dependent APIs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Special-purpose APIs</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Using the library</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc9">The compiled version</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Linking applications to libraries</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Using the libraries as top-level grammars</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc12">Example applications</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc13">Brozeage</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc14">Dialogue</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc15">Animals</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc16">Known bugs and missing components</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc17">More reading</A>
</UL>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<P> <P>
The GF Resource Grammar Library defines the basic grammar of The GF Resource Grammar Library defines the basic grammar of
ten languages: ten languages:
@@ -21,6 +53,7 @@ Italian, Norwegian, Russian, Spanish, Swedish.
yet been "officially" released. The release is planned in the end yet been "officially" released. The release is planned in the end
of June 2006. of June 2006.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc1"></A>
<H2>Authors</H2> <H2>Authors</H2>
<P> <P>
Inger Andersson and Therese Soderberg (Spanish morphology), Inger Andersson and Therese Soderberg (Spanish morphology),
@@ -55,12 +88,14 @@ Saara Myllyntausta,
Wanjiku Ng'ang'a, Wanjiku Ng'ang'a,
Jordi Saludes. Jordi Saludes.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
<H2>License</H2> <H2>License</H2>
<P> <P>
The GF Resource Grammar Library is open-source software licensed under The GF Resource Grammar Library is open-source software licensed under
GNU General Public License. See the file <A HREF="../LICENSE">LICENSE</A> for more GNU General Public License. See the file <A HREF="../LICENSE">LICENSE</A> for more
details. details.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc3"></A>
<H2>Scope</H2> <H2>Scope</H2>
<P> <P>
Coverage, for each language: Coverage, for each language:
@@ -68,7 +103,8 @@ Coverage, for each language:
<UL> <UL>
<LI>complete morphology <LI>complete morphology
<LI>lexicon of the ca. 100 most important structural words <LI>lexicon of the ca. 100 most important structural words
<LI>test lexicon of ca. 300 content words <LI>test lexicon of ca. 300 content words (rough equivalents in each language)
<LI>list of irregular verbs (language-dependent)
<LI>representative fragment of syntax (cf. CLE (Core Language Engine)) <LI>representative fragment of syntax (cf. CLE (Core Language Engine))
<LI>rather flat semantics (cf. Quasi-Logical Form of CLE) <LI>rather flat semantics (cf. Quasi-Logical Form of CLE)
</UL> </UL>
@@ -90,6 +126,7 @@ Presentation:
<LI>example collections <LI>example collections
</UL> </UL>
<A NAME="toc4"></A>
<H2>Quick start</H2> <H2>Quick start</H2>
<P> <P>
Go to the main directory, compile the grammars, and run a test. Go to the main directory, compile the grammars, and run a test.
@@ -122,6 +159,7 @@ Do for instance
<P> <P>
For more examples, see the <A HREF="clt2006.html">Overview slides</A>. For more examples, see the <A HREF="clt2006.html">Overview slides</A>.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<H3>The language independent ground API</H3> <H3>The language independent ground API</H3>
<P> <P>
This API is accessible by both <CODE>present</CODE> and <CODE>alltenses</CODE>. This API is accessible by both <CODE>present</CODE> and <CODE>alltenses</CODE>.
@@ -129,7 +167,7 @@ The API is divided into a bunch of <CODE>abstract</CODE> modules.
The following figure gives the dependencies of these modules. The following figure gives the dependencies of these modules.
</P> </P>
<P> <P>
<IMG ALIGN="left" SRC="Lang.png" BORDER="0" ALT=""> <IMG ALIGN="left" SRC="Grammar.png" BORDER="0" ALT="">
</P> </P>
<P> <P>
The documentation of the individual modules: The documentation of the individual modules:
@@ -151,9 +189,11 @@ The documentation of the individual modules:
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Idiom.html">Idiom</A>: idiomatic phrases, such as existentials <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Idiom.html">Idiom</A>: idiomatic phrases, such as existentials
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Structural.html">Structural</A>: a lexicon of structural words <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Structural.html">Structural</A>: a lexicon of structural words
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Lexicon.html">Lexicon</A>: a lexicon of other common words, for test purposes <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Lexicon.html">Lexicon</A>: a lexicon of other common words, for test purposes
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Lang.html">Lang</A>: the main module comprising all the others <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Grammar.html">Grammar</A>: the main module comprising all but <CODE>Lexicon</CODE>
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Lang.html">Lang</A>: the main module comprising both <CODE>Grammar</CODE> and <CODE>Lexicon</CODE>
</UL> </UL>
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
<H3>The language-dependent APIs</H3> <H3>The language-dependent APIs</H3>
<UL> <UL>
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/ParadigmsDan.html">ParadigmsDan</A>: Danish lexical paradigms <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/ParadigmsDan.html">ParadigmsDan</A>: Danish lexical paradigms
@@ -172,24 +212,36 @@ The documentation of the individual modules:
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregDan.gf">IrregDan</A>: Danish irregular verbs (very incomplete) <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregDan.gf">IrregDan</A>: Danish irregular verbs (very incomplete)
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregEng.gf">IrregEng</A>: English irregular verbs <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregEng.gf">IrregEng</A>: English irregular verbs
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregFre.gf">IrregFre</A>: French irregular verbs <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregFre.gf">IrregFre</A>: French irregular verbs
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregGer.gf">IrregGer</A>: German irregular verbs
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregNor.gf">IrregNor</A>: Norwegian irregular verbs (very incomplete) <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregNor.gf">IrregNor</A>: Norwegian irregular verbs (very incomplete)
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregSwe.gf">IrregSwe</A>: Swedish irregular verbs <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/IrregSwe.gf">IrregSwe</A>: Swedish irregular verbs
</UL> </UL>
<P>
This is the structure of each language-dependent top module.
</P>
<P>
<IMG ALIGN="middle" SRC="English.png" BORDER="0" ALT="">
</P>
<UL> <UL>
<LI><A HREF="../abstract/Extra.gf">Extra</A>: extra constructs implemented in some languages <LI><A HREF="../abstract/Extra.gf">Extra</A>: extra constructs implemented in some languages
<LI><A HREF="../scandinavian/ExtraScandAbs.gf">ExtraScand</A>: extra constructs in Scandinavian only <LI><A HREF="../scandinavian/ExtraScandAbs.gf">ExtraScand</A>: extra constructs in Scandinavian only
<LI><A HREF="../norwegian/ExtraNorAbs.gf">ExtraNor</A>: extra constructs in Norwegian only <LI><A HREF="../norwegian/ExtraNorAbs.gf">ExtraNor</A>: extra constructs in Norwegian only
<LI><A HREF="../finnish/ExtraFinAbs.gf">ExtraFin</A>: extra constructs in Finnish only <LI><A HREF="../finnish/ExtraFinAbs.gf">ExtraFin</A>: extra constructs in Finnish only
<LI><A HREF="../french/ExtraFreAbs.gf">ExtraFre</A>: extra constructs in French only
<LI><A HREF="../english/ExtraEngAbs.gf">ExtraEng</A>: extra constructs in English only
</UL> </UL>
<UL> <UL>
<LI><A HREF="../english/EnglishAbs.gf">English</A>: English with all extras <LI><A HREF="../english/EnglishAbs.gf">English</A>: English with all extras
<LI><A HREF="../finnish/FinnishAbs.gf">Finnish</A>: Finnish with all extras <LI><A HREF="../finnish/FinnishAbs.gf">Finnish</A>: Finnish with all extras
<LI><A HREF="../french/FrenchAbs.gf">French</A>: French with all extras
<LI><A HREF="../german/GermanAbs.gf">German</A>: German with all extras
<LI><A HREF="../norwegian/NorwegianAbs.gf">Norwegian</A>: Norwegian with all extras <LI><A HREF="../norwegian/NorwegianAbs.gf">Norwegian</A>: Norwegian with all extras
<LI><A HREF="../swedish/SwedishAbs.gf">Swedish</A>: Swedish with all extras <LI><A HREF="../swedish/SwedishAbs.gf">Swedish</A>: Swedish with all extras
</UL> </UL>
<A NAME="toc7"></A>
<H3>Special-purpose APIs</H3> <H3>Special-purpose APIs</H3>
<H4>Present</H4> <H4>Present</H4>
<P> <P>
@@ -200,6 +252,12 @@ The result is a smaller and more efficient grammar, which is still
sufficient for many applications. sufficient for many applications.
</P> </P>
<H4>Multimodal</H4> <H4>Multimodal</H4>
<P>
The API is the same as for the full ground API, but with modified
linearization types of <CODE>NP</CODE> and <CODE>Adv</CODE>, and all other categories
depending on them: an extra field is added to a demonstrative pointing
gesture. Some functions for constructing demonstratives are provided.
</P>
<UL> <UL>
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Multi.html">Multi</A>: main module for multimodal dialogue systems <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Multi.html">Multi</A>: main module for multimodal dialogue systems
</UL> </UL>
@@ -211,7 +269,9 @@ sufficient for many applications.
<LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Symbol.html">Symbol</A>: symbols and numbers in text <LI><A HREF="gfdoc/Symbol.html">Symbol</A>: symbols and numbers in text
</UL> </UL>
<A NAME="toc8"></A>
<H2>Using the library</H2> <H2>Using the library</H2>
<A NAME="toc9"></A>
<H3>The compiled version</H3> <H3>The compiled version</H3>
<P> <P>
The simplest way to get the library is to install the precompiled version The simplest way to get the library is to install the precompiled version
@@ -233,12 +293,24 @@ library. Use one (or several) of the following packages instead:
multimodal dialogue applications multimodal dialogue applications
</UL> </UL>
<A NAME="toc10"></A>
<H3>Linking applications to libraries</H3> <H3>Linking applications to libraries</H3>
<P> <P>
Notice, however, that both special-purpose APIs share modules with Typically, open one of
<CODE>present</CODE>. It is therefore not a good idea to use them in combination with
<CODE>alltenses</CODE>.
</P> </P>
<UL>
<LI><CODE>GrammarX</CODE> for just syntax
<LI><CODE>LangX</CODE> for both syntax and a small lexicon
<LI><CODE>X</CODE> (e.g. <CODE>English</CODE>) for syntax, lexicon, and language-dependent extensions
</UL>
<P>
Usually you also need your own lexicon, and hence have to open
</P>
<UL>
<LI><CODE>ParadigmsX</CODE> for lexicon-building functions
</UL>
<P> <P>
It is advisable to use the bare package names in paths pointing to the It is advisable to use the bare package names in paths pointing to the
libraries. Here is an example, from <CODE>examples/dialogue/LightsEng.gf</CODE>: libraries. Here is an example, from <CODE>examples/dialogue/LightsEng.gf</CODE>:
@@ -255,6 +327,12 @@ I have the following line in my <CODE>.bashrc</CODE> file:
export GF_LIB_PATH=/home/aarne/GF/lib export GF_LIB_PATH=/home/aarne/GF/lib
</PRE> </PRE>
<P></P> <P></P>
<P>
The <CODE>mathematical</CODE> API shares modules with
<CODE>present</CODE>. It is therefore not a good idea to use it in combination with
<CODE>alltenses</CODE>.
</P>
<A NAME="toc11"></A>
<H3>Using the libraries as top-level grammars</H3> <H3>Using the libraries as top-level grammars</H3>
<P> <P>
If you have done <CODE>make</CODE> in <CODE>lib/resource-1.0</CODE>, you will have If you have done <CODE>make</CODE> in <CODE>lib/resource-1.0</CODE>, you will have
@@ -277,22 +355,27 @@ to succeed.
<P> <P>
An exception is <CODE>LangEng</CODE>. It is actually feasible to parse with An exception is <CODE>LangEng</CODE>. It is actually feasible to parse with
both <CODE>alltenses/LangEng</CODE> and <CODE>present/LangEng</CODE> - the latter being both <CODE>alltenses/LangEng</CODE> and <CODE>present/LangEng</CODE> - the latter being
much faster than the former. The <CODE>-mcfg</CODE> flag (multiple context-free grammar) much faster than the former. The <CODE>-fcfg</CODE> flag (fast multiple context-free grammar)
must be used: must be used:
</P> </P>
<PRE> <PRE>
p -lang=LangEng -mcfg -parser=topdown "this man is old" p -lang=LangEng -fcfg "this man is old"
</PRE> </PRE>
<P> <P>
Parsing with the <CODE>-mcfg</CODE> flag takes a few extra seconds the first time during Parsing with the <CODE>-fcfg</CODE> flag takes a few extra seconds the first time during
each session, but gets faster at later runs. each session, but gets faster at later runs.
</P> </P>
<P>
It is also feasible to parse in Scandinavian languages (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish).
</P>
<A NAME="toc12"></A>
<H2>Example applications</H2> <H2>Example applications</H2>
<P> <P>
These applications are meand to serve as starting points for These applications are meand to serve as starting points for
new applications, showing how the libraries can be used in new applications, showing how the libraries can be used in
typical situations. typical situations.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc13"></A>
<H3>Brozeage</H3> <H3>Brozeage</H3>
<P> <P>
The <A HREF="../../../examples/bronzeage">examples/bronzeage</A> The <A HREF="../../../examples/bronzeage">examples/bronzeage</A>
@@ -300,6 +383,7 @@ grammar set implements a language fragment
based on the Swadesh list of 200 words. It is useful for based on the Swadesh list of 200 words. It is useful for
things like language training. things like language training.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc14"></A>
<H3>Dialogue</H3> <H3>Dialogue</H3>
<P> <P>
The <A HREF="../../../examples/dialogue">examples/dialogue</A> The <A HREF="../../../examples/dialogue">examples/dialogue</A>
@@ -308,6 +392,7 @@ multimodal dialogue system.
Its purpose is to serve as a prototype for applications in the Its purpose is to serve as a prototype for applications in the
TALK project. TALK project.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc15"></A>
<H3>Animals</H3> <H3>Animals</H3>
<P> <P>
The <A HREF="../../../examples/animal">examples/animal</A> The <A HREF="../../../examples/animal">examples/animal</A>
@@ -315,6 +400,7 @@ grammar set implements some queries about animals.
Its purpose is to serve as a prototype for example-based Its purpose is to serve as a prototype for example-based
grammar writing. grammar writing.
</P> </P>
<A NAME="toc16"></A>
<H2>Known bugs and missing components</H2> <H2>Known bugs and missing components</H2>
<P> <P>
This bugs should be fixed before the final release of v. 1.0. This bugs should be fixed before the final release of v. 1.0.
@@ -344,14 +430,14 @@ Finnish
French French
</P> </P>
<UL> <UL>
<LI>only direct word order in questions <LI>no inverted word order in questions
</UL> </UL>
<P> <P>
German German
</P> </P>
<UL> <UL>
<LI>no list of irregular verbs <LI>-
</UL> </UL>
<P> <P>
@@ -381,13 +467,12 @@ Russian
Spanish Spanish
</P> </P>
<UL> <UL>
<LI>no ordinal numbers <LI>-
Swedish
<LI>-
</UL> </UL>
<P> <A NAME="toc17"></A>
Swedish
-
</P>
<H2>More reading</H2> <H2>More reading</H2>
<P> <P>
<A HREF="gslt-sem-2006.html">Grammars as Software Libraries</A>. Slides <A HREF="gslt-sem-2006.html">Grammars as Software Libraries</A>. Slides
@@ -417,5 +502,5 @@ examples are from <CODE>multimodal/old</CODE>, which is a reduced-size API.
</P> </P>
<!-- html code generated by txt2tags 2.3 (http://txt2tags.sf.net) --> <!-- html code generated by txt2tags 2.3 (http://txt2tags.sf.net) -->
<!-- cmdline: txt2tags index.txt --> <!-- cmdline: txt2tags -\-toc -thtml index.txt -->
</BODY></HTML> </BODY></HTML>

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@@ -65,7 +65,8 @@ details.
Coverage, for each language: Coverage, for each language:
- complete morphology - complete morphology
- lexicon of the ca. 100 most important structural words - lexicon of the ca. 100 most important structural words
- test lexicon of ca. 300 content words - test lexicon of ca. 300 content words (rough equivalents in each language)
- list of irregular verbs (language-dependent)
- representative fragment of syntax (cf. CLE (Core Language Engine)) - representative fragment of syntax (cf. CLE (Core Language Engine))
- rather flat semantics (cf. Quasi-Logical Form of CLE) - rather flat semantics (cf. Quasi-Logical Form of CLE)
@@ -115,7 +116,7 @@ This API is accessible by both ``present`` and ``alltenses``.
The API is divided into a bunch of ``abstract`` modules. The API is divided into a bunch of ``abstract`` modules.
The following figure gives the dependencies of these modules. The following figure gives the dependencies of these modules.
[Lang.png] [Grammar.png]
The documentation of the individual modules: The documentation of the individual modules:
@@ -135,7 +136,8 @@ The documentation of the individual modules:
- [Idiom gfdoc/Idiom.html]: idiomatic phrases, such as existentials - [Idiom gfdoc/Idiom.html]: idiomatic phrases, such as existentials
- [Structural gfdoc/Structural.html]: a lexicon of structural words - [Structural gfdoc/Structural.html]: a lexicon of structural words
- [Lexicon gfdoc/Lexicon.html]: a lexicon of other common words, for test purposes - [Lexicon gfdoc/Lexicon.html]: a lexicon of other common words, for test purposes
- [Lang gfdoc/Lang.html]: the main module comprising all the others - [Grammar gfdoc/Grammar.html]: the main module comprising all but ``Lexicon``
- [Lang gfdoc/Lang.html]: the main module comprising both ``Grammar`` and ``Lexicon``
===The language-dependent APIs=== ===The language-dependent APIs===
@@ -156,19 +158,27 @@ The documentation of the individual modules:
- [IrregDan gfdoc/IrregDan.gf]: Danish irregular verbs (very incomplete) - [IrregDan gfdoc/IrregDan.gf]: Danish irregular verbs (very incomplete)
- [IrregEng gfdoc/IrregEng.gf]: English irregular verbs - [IrregEng gfdoc/IrregEng.gf]: English irregular verbs
- [IrregFre gfdoc/IrregFre.gf]: French irregular verbs - [IrregFre gfdoc/IrregFre.gf]: French irregular verbs
% - [IrregGer gfdoc/IrregGer.gf]: German irregular verbs - [IrregGer gfdoc/IrregGer.gf]: German irregular verbs
- [IrregNor gfdoc/IrregNor.gf]: Norwegian irregular verbs (very incomplete) - [IrregNor gfdoc/IrregNor.gf]: Norwegian irregular verbs (very incomplete)
- [IrregSwe gfdoc/IrregSwe.gf]: Swedish irregular verbs - [IrregSwe gfdoc/IrregSwe.gf]: Swedish irregular verbs
This is the structure of each language-dependent top module.
[English.png]
- [Extra ../abstract/Extra.gf]: extra constructs implemented in some languages - [Extra ../abstract/Extra.gf]: extra constructs implemented in some languages
- [ExtraScand ../scandinavian/ExtraScandAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Scandinavian only - [ExtraScand ../scandinavian/ExtraScandAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Scandinavian only
- [ExtraNor ../norwegian/ExtraNorAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Norwegian only - [ExtraNor ../norwegian/ExtraNorAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Norwegian only
- [ExtraFin ../finnish/ExtraFinAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Finnish only - [ExtraFin ../finnish/ExtraFinAbs.gf]: extra constructs in Finnish only
- [ExtraFre ../french/ExtraFreAbs.gf]: extra constructs in French only
- [ExtraEng ../english/ExtraEngAbs.gf]: extra constructs in English only
- [English ../english/EnglishAbs.gf]: English with all extras - [English ../english/EnglishAbs.gf]: English with all extras
- [Finnish ../finnish/FinnishAbs.gf]: Finnish with all extras - [Finnish ../finnish/FinnishAbs.gf]: Finnish with all extras
- [French ../french/FrenchAbs.gf]: French with all extras
- [German ../german/GermanAbs.gf]: German with all extras
- [Norwegian ../norwegian/NorwegianAbs.gf]: Norwegian with all extras - [Norwegian ../norwegian/NorwegianAbs.gf]: Norwegian with all extras
- [Swedish ../swedish/SwedishAbs.gf]: Swedish with all extras - [Swedish ../swedish/SwedishAbs.gf]: Swedish with all extras
@@ -187,6 +197,11 @@ sufficient for many applications.
====Multimodal==== ====Multimodal====
The API is the same as for the full ground API, but with modified
linearization types of ``NP`` and ``Adv``, and all other categories
depending on them: an extra field is added to a demonstrative pointing
gesture. Some functions for constructing demonstratives are provided.
- [Multi gfdoc/Multi.html]: main module for multimodal dialogue systems - [Multi gfdoc/Multi.html]: main module for multimodal dialogue systems
@@ -220,9 +235,14 @@ library. Use one (or several) of the following packages instead:
===Linking applications to libraries=== ===Linking applications to libraries===
Notice, however, that both special-purpose APIs share modules with Typically, open one of
``present``. It is therefore not a good idea to use them in combination with - ``GrammarX`` for just syntax
``alltenses``. - ``LangX`` for both syntax and a small lexicon
- ``X`` (e.g. ``English``) for syntax, lexicon, and language-dependent extensions
Usually you also need your own lexicon, and hence have to open
- ``ParadigmsX`` for lexicon-building functions
It is advisable to use the bare package names in paths pointing to the It is advisable to use the bare package names in paths pointing to the
@@ -237,6 +257,11 @@ I have the following line in my ``.bashrc`` file:
export GF_LIB_PATH=/home/aarne/GF/lib export GF_LIB_PATH=/home/aarne/GF/lib
``` ```
The ``mathematical`` API shares modules with
``present``. It is therefore not a good idea to use it in combination with
``alltenses``.
===Using the libraries as top-level grammars=== ===Using the libraries as top-level grammars===
@@ -257,14 +282,17 @@ to succeed.
An exception is ``LangEng``. It is actually feasible to parse with An exception is ``LangEng``. It is actually feasible to parse with
both ``alltenses/LangEng`` and ``present/LangEng`` - the latter being both ``alltenses/LangEng`` and ``present/LangEng`` - the latter being
much faster than the former. The ``-mcfg`` flag (multiple context-free grammar) much faster than the former. The ``-fcfg`` flag (fast multiple context-free grammar)
must be used: must be used:
``` ```
p -lang=LangEng -mcfg -parser=topdown "this man is old" p -lang=LangEng -fcfg "this man is old"
``` ```
Parsing with the ``-mcfg`` flag takes a few extra seconds the first time during Parsing with the ``-fcfg`` flag takes a few extra seconds the first time during
each session, but gets faster at later runs. each session, but gets faster at later runs.
It is also feasible to parse in Scandinavian languages (Danish, Norwegian, Swedish).
==Example applications== ==Example applications==
@@ -314,11 +342,11 @@ Finnish
French French
- only direct word order in questions - no inverted word order in questions
German German
- no list of irregular verbs - -
Italian Italian
@@ -336,11 +364,9 @@ Russian
Spanish Spanish
- no ordinal numbers - -
Swedish Swedish
- - -