1
0
forked from GitHub/gf-core

Use Pandoc instead of txt2tags binary, much more configurable

This commit is contained in:
John J. Camilleri
2018-11-04 15:11:35 +01:00
parent f7dc9a6eaf
commit 99dad48961
7 changed files with 149 additions and 112 deletions

View File

@@ -15,11 +15,11 @@ April 4, 2006
This is a quick reference on GF grammars. It aims to
cover all forms of expression available when writing
grammars. It assumes basic knowledge of GF, which
can be acquired from the
can be acquired from the
[GF Tutorial http://www.grammaticalframework.org/doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial.html].
Help on GF commands is obtained on line by the
help command (``help``), and help on invoking
GF with (``gf -help``).
help command with ``help``, and help on invoking
GF with ``gf -help``.
===A complete example===
@@ -31,10 +31,10 @@ phrases //one pizza// and //two pizzas//.
File ``Order.gf``:
```
abstract Order = {
cat
Order ;
cat
Order ;
Item ;
fun
fun
One, Two : Item -> Order ;
Pizza : Item ;
}
@@ -42,13 +42,13 @@ fun
File ``OrderEng.gf`` (the top file):
```
--# -path=.:prelude
concrete OrderEng of Order =
concrete OrderEng of Order =
open Res, Prelude in {
flags startcat=Order ;
lincat
Order = SS ;
lincat
Order = SS ;
Item = {s : Num => Str} ;
lin
lin
One it = ss ("one" ++ it.s ! Sg) ;
Two it = ss ("two" ++ it.s ! Pl) ;
Pizza = regNoun "pizza" ;
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ File named ``Foo.gf`` contains module named
Each module has the structure
```
moduletypename =
moduletypename =
Inherits ** -- optional
open Opens in -- optional
{ Judgements }
{ Judgements }
```
Inherits are names of modules of the same type.
Inheritance can be restricted:
@@ -112,15 +112,15 @@ interface I -- like resource, but can have
oper f : T without definition
instance J of I -- like resource, defines opers
that I leaves undefined
incomplete -- functor: concrete that opens
incomplete -- functor: concrete that opens
concrete CI of A = one or more interfaces
open I in ...
concrete CJ of A = -- completion: concrete that
CI with instantiates a functor by
(I = J) instances of open interfaces
```
The forms
``param``, ``oper``
```
The forms
``param``, ``oper``
may appear in ``concrete`` as well, but are then
not inherited to extensions.
@@ -134,11 +134,11 @@ Comments have the forms
A ``concrete`` can be opened like a ``resource``.
It is translated as follows:
```
cat C ---> oper C : Type =
cat C ---> oper C : Type =
lincat C = T T ** {lock_C : {}}
fun f : G -> C ---> oper f : A* -> C* = \g ->
lin f = t t g ** {lock_C = <>}
fun f : G -> C ---> oper f : A* -> C* = \g ->
lin f = t t g ** {lock_C = <>}
```
An ``abstract`` can be opened like an ``interface``.
Any ``concrete`` of it then works as an ``instance``.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ fun f : T -- declare function f of type T
def f = t -- define f as t
def f p q = t -- define f by pattern matching
data C = f | g -- set f,g as constructors of C
data f : A -> C -- same as
data f : A -> C -- same as
fun f : A -> C; data C=f
lincat C = T -- define lin.type of cat C
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ printname fun f = s -- printname shown in menus
printname cat C = s -- printname shown in menus
printname f = s -- same as printname fun f = s
param P = C | D Q R -- define parameter type P
param P = C | D Q R -- define parameter type P
with constructors
C : P, D : Q -> R -> P
oper h : T = t -- define oper h of type T
@@ -207,14 +207,14 @@ P -- parameter type, if param P
P => B -- table type, if P param. type
{s : Str ; p : P}-- record type
{s,t : Str} -- same as {s : Str ; t : Str}
{a : A} **{b : B}-- record type extension, same as
{a : A} **{b : B}-- record type extension, same as
{a : A ; b : B}
A * B * C -- tuple type, same as
{p1 : A ; p2 : B ; p3 : C}
Ints n -- type of n first integers
```
Resource (in ``oper``): all those of concrete, plus
```
```
Tok -- tokens (subtype of Str)
A -> B -- functions from A to B
Int -- integers
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ f a b -- : C if fun f : A -> B -> C
```
Higher-Order Abstract syntax (HOAS): functions as arguments:
```
F a (\x -> c) -- : C if a : A, c : C (x : B),
F a (\x -> c) -- : C if a : A, c : C (x : B),
fun F : A -> (B -> C) -> C
```
Tokens and token lists
@@ -266,16 +266,16 @@ table { -- by pattern matching
Pl => "mice" ;
_ => "mouse" -- wildcard pattern
}
table {
n => regn n "cat" -- variable pattern
table {
n => regn n "cat" -- variable pattern
}
table Num {...} -- table given with arg. type
table ["ox"; "oxen"] -- table as course of values
\\_ => "fish" -- same as table {_ => "fish"}
\\_ => "fish" -- same as table {_ => "fish"}
\\p,q => t -- same as \\p => \\q => t
t ! p -- select p from table t
case e of {...} -- same as table {...} ! e
case e of {...} -- same as table {...} ! e
```
Records
```
@@ -296,7 +296,7 @@ Local definitions
```
let x : A = d in t -- let definition
let x = d in t -- let defin, type inferred
let x=d ; y=e in t -- same as
let x=d ; y=e in t -- same as
let x=d in let y=e in t
let {...} in t -- same as let ... in t
@@ -316,10 +316,10 @@ Typed expression
```
<t:T> -- same as t, to help type inference
```
Accessing bound variables in ``lin``: use fields ``$1, $2, $3,...``.
Accessing bound variables in ``lin``: use fields ``$1, $2, $3,...``.
Example:
```
fun F : (A : Set) -> (El A -> Prop) -> Prop ;
fun F : (A : Set) -> (El A -> Prop) -> Prop ;
lin F A B = {s = ["for all"] ++ A.s ++ B.$1 ++ B.s}
```
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@ oper
cc2 : (_,_ : SS) -> SS -- concat SS's
optStr : Str -> Str -- string or empty
strOpt : Str -> Str -- empty or string
bothWays : Str -> Str -> Str -- X++Y or Y++X
bothWays : Str -> Str -> Str -- X++Y or Y++X
init : Tok -> Tok -- all but last char
last : Tok -> Tok -- last char
prefixSS : Str -> SS -> SS
@@ -388,7 +388,7 @@ Flags can appear, with growing priority,
Some common flags used in grammars:
```
startcat=cat use this category as default
startcat=cat use this category as default
lexer=literals int and string literals recognized
lexer=code like program code
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ optimize=values good for lexicon concrete
optimize=all usually good for resource
optimize=noexpand for resource, if =all too big
```
For the full set of values for ``FLAG``,
For the full set of values for ``FLAG``,
use on-line ``h -FLAG``.
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ use on-line ``h -FLAG``.
===File import search paths===
Colon-separated list of directories searched in the
given order:
given order:
```
--# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude
```
@@ -443,17 +443,17 @@ directories, colon-separated, in ``GF_LIB_PATH``.
===Alternative grammar formats===
**Old GF** (before GF 2.0):
**Old GF** (before GF 2.0):
all judgements in any kinds of modules,
division into files uses ``include``s.
A file ``Foo.gf`` is recognized as the old format
if it lacks a module header.
if it lacks a module header.
**Context-free** (file ``foo.cf``). The form of rules is e.g.
```
Fun. S ::= NP "is" AP ;
```
If ``Fun`` is omitted, it is generated automatically.
If ``Fun`` is omitted, it is generated automatically.
Rules must be one per line. The RHS can be empty.
**Extended BNF** (file ``foo.ebnf``). The form of rules is e.g.
@@ -477,7 +477,7 @@ on command line. This file can be the grammar file itself.
```
in Cat "example string"
```
are preprocessed by using a parser given by the flag
are preprocessed by using a parser given by the flag
```
--# -resource=File
```
@@ -489,5 +489,4 @@ and the result is written to ``foo.gf``.
[GF Homepage http://www.grammaticalframework.org/]
A. Ranta, Grammatical Framework: A Type-Theoretical Grammar Formalism.
//The Journal of Functional Programming//, vol. 14:2. 2004, pp. 145-189.
//The Journal of Functional Programming//, vol. 14:2. 2004, pp. 145-189.