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German phrasebook; ontology document; ignoring single lines in gfdoc

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<html>
<body>
<i> Produced by
gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
(c) Aarne Ranta (aarne@cs.chalmers.se) 2002 under GNU GPL.
</i>
<p>
<h1> The Ontology of the Phrasebook</h1>
<h2> Syntactic Structures of the Phrasebook</h2>
This module contains phrases that can be defined by a functor over the
resource grammar API. The phrases that are likely to have different implementations
are in the module Words. But the distinction is not quite sharp; thus it may happen
that the functor instantiations make exceptions.
<pre>
abstract Sentences = Numeral ** {
</pre>
The ontology of the phrasebook is defined by the following types. The commented ones
are defined in other modules.
<pre>
cat
Phrase ; -- complete phrase, the unit of translation e.g. "Where are you?"
Sentence ; -- declarative sentence e.g. "I am in the bar"
Question ; -- question, either yes/no or wh e.g. "where are you"
-- Greeting ; -- idiomatic phrase, not inflected, e.g. "hello"
Proposition ; -- can be turned into sentence or question e.g. "this pizza is good"
Object ; -- the object of wanting, ordering, etc e.g. "three pizzas"
Item ; -- a single entity e.g. "this pizza"
Kind ; -- a type of an item e.g. "pizza"
Quality ; -- qualification of an item, can be complex e.g. "very good"
Property ; -- basic property of an item, one word e.g. "good"
Place ; -- location e.g. "the bar"
PlaceKind ; -- type of location e.g. "bar"
Currency ; -- currency unit e.g. "leu"
Price ; -- number of currency units e.g. "eleven leu"
Person ; -- agent wanting or doing something e.g. "you"
Action ; -- proposition about a Person e.g. "you are here"
Nationality ; -- complex of language, property, country e.g. "Swedish, Sweden"
Language ; -- language (can be without nationality) e.g. "Flemish"
Citizenship ; -- property (can be without language) e.g. "Belgian"
Country ; -- country (can be without language) e.g. "Belgium"
Day ; -- weekday type e.g. "Friday"
Date ; -- definite date e.g. "on Friday"
Name ; -- name of person e.g. "NN"
-- Numeral ; -- number expression 1 .. 999,999 e.g. "twenty"
</pre>
Many of the categories are accessible as Phrases, i.e. as translation units.
<pre>
fun
PSentence : Sentence -> Phrase ;
PQuestion : Question -> Phrase ;
PObject : Object -> Phrase ;
PKind : Kind -> Phrase ;
PQuality : Quality -> Phrase ;
PNumeral : Numeral -> Phrase ;
PPlace : Place -> Phrase ;
PPlaceKind : PlaceKind-> Phrase ;
PCurrency : Currency -> Phrase ;
PPrice : Price -> Phrase ;
PLanguage : Language -> Phrase ;
PCitizenship : Citizenship -> Phrase ;
PCountry : Country -> Phrase ;
PDay : Day -> Phrase ;
PYes, PNo : Phrase ;
</pre>
This is the way to build propositions about inanimate items.
<pre>
Is : Item -> Quality -> Proposition ; -- this pizza is good
</pre>
To use propositions on higher levels.
<pre>
SProp : Proposition -> Sentence ; -- this pizza is good
SPropNot : Proposition -> Sentence ; -- this pizza isn't good
QProp : Proposition -> Question ; -- is this pizza good
WherePlace : Place -> Question ; -- where is the bar
WherePerson : Person -> Question ; -- where are you
</pre>
This is the way to build propositions about persons.
<pre>
PropAction : Action -> Proposition ; -- (you (are|aren't) | are you) Swedish
</pre>
Here are some general syntactic constructions.
<pre>
ObjItem : Item -> Object ; -- this pizza
ObjNumber : Numeral -> Kind -> Object ; -- five pizzas
ObjIndef : Kind -> Object ; -- a pizza
SuchKind : Quality -> Kind -> Kind ; -- Italian pizza
Very : Property -> Quality ; -- very Italian
Too : Property -> Quality ; -- too Italian
PropQuality : Property -> Quality ; -- Italian
</pre>
Determiners.
<pre>
This, That, These, Those : Kind -> Item ; -- this pizza,...,those pizzas
The, Thes : Kind -> Item ; -- the pizza, the pizzas
AmountCurrency : Numeral -> Currency -> Price ; -- five euros
ThePlace : PlaceKind -> Place ; -- the bar
IMale, IFemale, -- I, said by man/woman (affects agreement)
YouFamMale, YouFamFemale, -- familiar you, said to man/woman (affects agreement)
YouPolMale, YouPolFemale : Person ; -- polite you, said to man/woman (affects agreement)
LangNat : Nationality -> Language ; -- Swedish
CitiNat : Nationality -> Citizenship ; -- Swedish
CountryNat : Nationality -> Country ; -- Sweden
PropCit : Citizenship -> Property ; -- Swedish
OnDay : Day -> Date ; -- on Friday
Today : Date ; -- today
PersonName : Name -> Person ; -- person referred by name
NameNN : Name ; -- the name "NN"
</pre>
Actions are typically language-dependent, not only lexically but also
structurally. However, these ones are mostly functorial.
<pre>
AHave : Person -> Kind -> Action ; -- you have a pizza
ACitizen : Person -> Citizenship -> Action ; -- you are Swedish
ABePlace : Person -> Place -> Action ; -- you are in the bar
}
</pre>
<h2> Words and idiomatic phrases of the Phrasebook</h2>
<pre>
abstract Words = Sentences ** {
fun
</pre>
kinds of items (so far mostly food stuff)
<pre>
Apple : Kind ;
Beer : Kind ;
Bread : Kind ;
Cheese : Kind ;
Chicken : Kind ;
Coffee : Kind ;
Fish : Kind ;
Meat : Kind ;
Milk : Kind ;
Pizza : Kind ;
Salt : Kind ;
Tea : Kind ;
Water : Kind ;
Wine : Kind ;
</pre>
properties of kinds (so far mostly of food)
<pre>
Bad : Property ;
Boring : Property ;
Cheap : Property ;
Cold : Property ;
Delicious : Property ;
Expensive : Property ;
Fresh : Property ;
Good : Property ;
Suspect : Property ;
Warm : Property ;
</pre>
kinds of places
<pre>
Airport : PlaceKind ;
Bar : PlaceKind ;
Cinema : PlaceKind ;
Church : PlaceKind ;
Hospital : PlaceKind ;
Hotel : PlaceKind ;
Museum : PlaceKind ;
Park : PlaceKind ;
Restaurant : PlaceKind ;
School : PlaceKind ;
Shop : PlaceKind ;
Station : PlaceKind ;
Theatre : PlaceKind ;
Toilet : PlaceKind ;
University : PlaceKind ;
</pre>
currency units
<pre>
DanishCrown : Currency ;
Dollar : Currency ;
Euro : Currency ;
Lei : Currency ;
SwedishCrown : Currency ;
</pre>
nationalities, countries, languages, citizenships
<pre>
Belgian : Citizenship ;
Belgium : Country ;
English : Nationality ;
Finnish : Nationality ;
Flemish : Language ;
French : Nationality ;
Italian : Nationality ;
Romanian : Nationality ;
Swedish : Nationality ;
</pre>
Actions (which can be expressed by different structures in different languages).
Notice that also negations and questions can be formed from these.
<pre>
AHasName : Person -> Name -> Action ; -- my name is Bond
AHungry : Person -> Action ; -- I am hungry
AIll : Person -> Action ; -- I am ill
AKnow : Person -> Action ; -- I (don't) know
ALike : Person -> Item -> Action ; -- I like this pizza
ALive : Person -> Country -> Action ; -- I live in Sweden
ALove : Person -> Person -> Action ; -- I love you
AScared : Person -> Action ; -- I am scared
ASpeak : Person -> Language -> Action ; -- I speak Finnish
AThirsty : Person -> Action ; -- I am thirsty
ATired : Person -> Action ; -- I am tired
AUnderstand : Person -> Action ; -- I (don't) understand
AWant : Person -> Object -> Action ; -- I want two beers
AWantGo : Person -> Place -> Action ; -- I want to go to the hospital
</pre>
miscellaneous phrases
<pre>
QWhatName : Person -> Question ; -- what is your name
PropOpen : Place -> Proposition ; -- the museum is open
PropClosed : Place -> Proposition ; -- the museum is closed
PropOpenDate : Place -> Date -> Proposition ; -- the museum is open today
PropClosedDate : Place -> Date -> Proposition ; -- the museum is closed today
PropOpenDay : Place -> Day -> Proposition ; -- the museum is open on Mondays
PropClosedDay : Place -> Day -> Proposition ; -- the museum is closed on Mondays
HowMuchCost : Item -> Question ; -- how much does the pizza cost
ItCost : Item -> Price -> Proposition ; -- the pizza costs five euros
</pre>
week days
<pre>
Monday, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday, Friday, Saturday, Sunday : Day ;
}
</pre>
</body>
</html>