diff --git a/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf b/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
index e7436a22e..f5c6bc868 100644
--- a/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
+++ b/lib/src/abstract/Extra.gf
@@ -64,6 +64,7 @@ abstract Extra = Cat ** {
     UseFoc : Temp -> Pol -> Foc -> Utt ;
 
   fun
-    PartVP : VP -> AP ; -- looking at Mary
+    PartVP : VP -> AP ; -- (the man) looking at Mary
+    EmbedPresPart : VP -> SC ; -- looking at Mary (is fun)
 
 }
diff --git a/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf b/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
index a9de8bbef..8b512ff75 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/CatEng.gf
@@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ concrete CatEng of Cat = CommonX ** open ResEng, Prelude in {
     V, VS, VQ, VA = Verb ; -- = {s : VForm => Str} ;
     V2, V2A, V2Q, V2S = Verb ** {c2 : Str} ;
     V3 = Verb ** {c2, c3 : Str} ;
-    VV = {s : VVForm => Str ; isAux : Bool} ;
-    V2V = Verb ** {c2 : Str ; isAux : Bool} ;
+    VV = {s : VVForm => Str ; typ : VVType} ;
+    V2V = Verb ** {c2 : Str ; typ : VVType} ;
 
     A = {s : AForm => Str} ;
     A2 = {s : AForm => Str ; c2 : Str} ;
diff --git a/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf b/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
index e23b1aea3..6c715ec6a 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/ExtraEng.gf
@@ -33,7 +33,9 @@ concrete ExtraEng of ExtraEngAbs = CatEng **
       } ;
     ConjVPI = conjunctDistrTable2 VPIForm Agr ;
     ComplVPIVV vv vpi = 
-      insertObj (\\a => (if_then_Str vv.isAux [] "to") ++ vpi.s ! VPIInf ! a) (predVV vv) ;
+----      insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.typ vpi a) (predVV vv) ;
+      let isAux = case vv.typ of {VVAux => True ; _ => False} in 
+      insertObj (\\a => (if_then_Str isAux [] "to") ++ vpi.s ! VPIInf ! a) (predVV vv) ;
 
     UncNegCl t p cl = {
       s = t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! unc p.p ! ODir
@@ -103,5 +105,7 @@ concrete ExtraEng of ExtraEngAbs = CatEng **
       isPre = False ---- depends on whether there are complements
       } ;
 
-    UttVPShort vp = {s = infVP True vp (agrP3 Sg)} ;
+    EmbedPresPart vp = {s = infVP VVPresPart vp (agrP3 Sg)} ; --- agr
+
+    UttVPShort vp = {s = infVP VVAux vp (agrP3 Sg)} ;
 } 
diff --git a/lib/src/english/IdiomEng.gf b/lib/src/english/IdiomEng.gf
index d725b903f..a67002616 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/IdiomEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/IdiomEng.gf
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ concrete IdiomEng of Idiom = CatEng ** open Prelude, ResEng in {
 
     ProgrVP vp = insertObj (\\a => vp.ad ++ vp.prp ++ vp.s2 ! a) (predAux auxBe) ;
 
-    ImpPl1 vp = {s = "let's" ++ infVP True vp (AgP1 Pl)} ;
+    ImpPl1 vp = {s = "let's" ++ infVP VVAux vp (AgP1 Pl)} ;
 
-    ImpP3 np vp = {s = "let" ++ np.s ! Acc ++ infVP True vp np.a} ;
+    ImpP3 np vp = {s = "let" ++ np.s ! Acc ++ infVP VVAux vp np.a} ;
 
 }
 
diff --git a/lib/src/english/ParadigmsEng.gf b/lib/src/english/ParadigmsEng.gf
index d22f88ab6..72ad335ae 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/ParadigmsEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/ParadigmsEng.gf
@@ -306,6 +306,7 @@ oper
   mkVS  : V -> VS ; -- sentence-compl e.g. say (that S)
   mkV2S : V -> Prep -> V2S ; -- e.g. tell (NP) (that S)
   mkVV  : V -> VV ; -- e.g. want (to VP)
+  ingVV : V -> VV ; -- e.g. start (VPing)
   mkV2V : V -> Prep -> Prep -> V2V ; -- e.g. want (NP) (to VP)
   mkVA  : V -> VA ; -- e.g. become (AP)
   mkV2A : V -> Prep -> V2A ; -- e.g. paint (NP) (AP)
@@ -539,8 +540,11 @@ mkSubj : Str -> Subj = \s -> lin Subj {s = s} ; --%
   mkVS  v = lin VS v ;
   mkVV  v = lin VV {
     s = table {VVF vf => v.s ! vf ; _ => v.s ! VInf} ;
-                                          --- variants {}} ; not used 
-    isAux = False
+    typ = VVInf
+    } ;
+  ingVV  v = lin VV {
+    s = table {VVF vf => v.s ! vf ; _ => v.s ! VInf} ;
+    typ = VVPresPart
     } ;
   mkVQ  v = lin VQ v ;
 
@@ -551,7 +555,7 @@ mkSubj : Str -> Subj = \s -> lin Subj {s = s} ; --%
 
   mkV0  v = v ;
   mkV2S v p = lin V2S (prepV2 v p) ;
-  mkV2V v p t = lin V2V (prepV2 v p ** {isAux = False}) ;
+  mkV2V v p t = lin V2V (prepV2 v p ** {typ = VVInf}) ;
   mkVA  v = lin VA v ;
   mkV2A v p = lin V2A (prepV2 v p) ;
   mkV2Q v p = lin V2Q (prepV2 v p) ;
diff --git a/lib/src/english/PhraseEng.gf b/lib/src/english/PhraseEng.gf
index cee682fc4..690a15b24 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/PhraseEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/PhraseEng.gf
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ concrete PhraseEng of Phrase = CatEng ** open Prelude, ResEng in {
     UttIP ip = {s = ip.s ! Nom} ; --- Acc also
     UttIAdv iadv = iadv ;
     UttNP np = {s = np.s ! Nom} ;
-    UttVP vp = {s = infVP False vp (agrP3 Sg)} ;
+    UttVP vp = {s = infVP VVInf vp (agrP3 Sg)} ;
     UttAdv adv = adv ;
     UttCN n = {s = n.s ! Sg ! Nom} ;
     UttCard n = {s = n.s ! Nom} ;
diff --git a/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf b/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
index c5a6d72f2..3e884db34 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/ResEng.gf
@@ -56,6 +56,9 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
 
     Order = ODir | OQuest ;
 
+-- The type of complement of a VV
+
+    VVType = VVAux | VVInf | VVPresPart ; -- can do / try to do / start doing
 
 --2 For $Adjective$
 
@@ -332,11 +335,11 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
 
 -- 
 
-  predVV : {s : VVForm => Str ; isAux : Bool} -> VP = \verb ->
+  predVV : {s : VVForm => Str ; typ : VVType} -> VP = \verb ->
     let verbs = verb.s
     in
-    case verb.isAux of {
-      True => predAux {
+    case verb.typ of {
+      VVAux => predAux {
         pres = table {
           Pos => \\_ => verbs ! VVF VPres ;
           Neg => \\_ => verbs ! VVPresNeg
@@ -355,10 +358,14 @@ resource ResEng = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
   presVerb : {s : VForm => Str} -> Agr -> Str = \verb -> 
     agrVerb (verb.s ! VPres) (verb.s ! VInf) ;
 
-  infVP : Bool -> VP -> Agr -> Str = \isAux,vp,a ->
+  infVP : VVType -> VP -> Agr -> Str = \typ,vp,a ->
     vp.ad ++ 
-    case isAux of {True => [] ; False => "to"} ++ 
-    vp.inf ++ vp.s2 ! a ;
+    case typ of {
+      VVAux => vp.inf ; 
+      VVInf => "to" ++ vp.inf ;
+      _ => vp.prp
+      } ++ 
+    vp.s2 ! a ;
 
   agrVerb : Str -> Str -> Agr -> Str = \has,have,agr -> 
     case agr of {
diff --git a/lib/src/english/SentenceEng.gf b/lib/src/english/SentenceEng.gf
index 6717d4b4f..adee292a8 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/SentenceEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/SentenceEng.gf
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ concrete SentenceEng of Sentence = CatEng ** open Prelude, ResEng in {
       s = \\pol,n => 
         let 
           agr   = AgP2 (numImp n) ;
-          verb  = infVP True vp agr ;
+          verb  = infVP VVInf vp agr ;
           dont  = case pol of {
             CNeg True => "don't" ;
             CNeg False => "do" ++ "not" ;
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ concrete SentenceEng of Sentence = CatEng ** open Prelude, ResEng in {
 
     EmbedS  s  = {s = conjThat ++ s.s} ;
     EmbedQS qs = {s = qs.s ! QIndir} ;
-    EmbedVP vp = {s = infVP False vp (agrP3 Sg)} ; --- agr
+    EmbedVP vp = {s = infVP VVInf vp (agrP3 Sg)} ; --- agr
 
     UseCl  t p cl = {
       s = t.s ++ p.s ++ cl.s ! t.t ! t.a ! ctr p.p ! ODir
diff --git a/lib/src/english/StructuralEng.gf b/lib/src/english/StructuralEng.gf
index 51ce70258..d56c64ef4 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/StructuralEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/StructuralEng.gf
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ concrete StructuralEng of Structural = CatEng **
       VVPastNeg => "couldn't" ;   --# notpresent
       VVPresNeg => "can't"
       } ;
-    isAux = True
+    typ = VVAux
     } ;
   during_Prep = mkPrep "during" ;
   either7or_DConj = mkConj "either" "or" singular ;
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ concrete StructuralEng of Structural = CatEng **
       VVPastNeg => ["hadn't to"] ;      --# notpresent
       VVPresNeg => "mustn't"
       } ;
-    isAux = True
+    typ = VVAux
     } ;
 ---b  no_Phr = ss "no" ;
   no_Utt = ss "no" ;
diff --git a/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf b/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
index bd78c6203..ef65756e7 100644
--- a/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
+++ b/lib/src/english/VerbEng.gf
@@ -11,12 +11,12 @@ concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
     Slash3V3 v np = 
       insertObjc (\\_ => v.c3 ++ np.s ! Acc) (predVc v) ; ----
 
-    ComplVV v vp = insertObj (\\a => infVP v.isAux vp a) (predVV v) ;
+    ComplVV v vp = insertObj (\\a => infVP v.typ vp a) (predVV v) ;
     ComplVS v s  = insertObj (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s) (predV v) ;
     ComplVQ v q  = insertObj (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) (predV v) ;
     ComplVA v ap = insertObj (ap.s) (predV v) ;
 
-    SlashV2V v vp = insertObjc (\\a => infVP v.isAux vp a) (predVc v) ;
+    SlashV2V v vp = insertObjc (\\a => infVP v.typ vp a) (predVc v) ;
     SlashV2S v s  = insertObjc (\\_ => conjThat ++ s.s) (predVc v) ;
     SlashV2Q v q  = insertObjc (\\_ => q.s ! QIndir) (predVc v) ;
     SlashV2A v ap = insertObjc (\\a => ap.s ! a) (predVc v) ; ----
@@ -24,11 +24,11 @@ concrete VerbEng of Verb = CatEng ** open ResEng in {
     ComplSlash vp np = insertObjPre (\\_ => vp.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc) vp ;
 
     SlashVV vv vp = 
-      insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.isAux vp a) (predVV vv) **
+      insertObj (\\a => infVP vv.typ vp a) (predVV vv) **
         {c2 = vp.c2} ;
     SlashV2VNP vv np vp = 
       insertObjPre (\\_ => vv.c2 ++ np.s ! Acc)
-        (insertObjc (\\a => infVP vv.isAux vp a) (predVc vv)) **
+        (insertObjc (\\a => infVP vv.typ vp a) (predVc vv)) **
           {c2 = vp.c2} ;
 
     UseComp comp = insertObj comp.s (predAux auxBe) ;