diff --git a/src/compiler/GF/Compile/Compute/Concrete.hs b/src/compiler/GF/Compile/Compute/Concrete.hs
index 4b54c8c84..a346de882 100644
--- a/src/compiler/GF/Compile/Compute/Concrete.hs
+++ b/src/compiler/GF/Compile/Compute/Concrete.hs
@@ -493,57 +493,59 @@ vtrace loc arg res = trace (render (hang (pv arg) 4 ("->"<+>pv res))) res
     pf (_,v) = ppV v
     pa (_,v) = ppV v
     ppV v = case value2term' True loc [] v of
-              Left i  -> "variable #" <> pp i <+> "is out of scope"
-              Right t -> ppTerm Unqualified 10 t
+              -- Left i  -> "variable #" <> pp i <+> "is out of scope"
+              t -> ppTerm Unqualified 10 t
 
 -- | Convert a value back to a term
 value2term :: GLocation -> [Ident] -> Value -> Either Int Term
-value2term = value2term' False
+value2term loc xs v0 = Right $ value2term' False loc xs v0
+
+value2term' :: Bool -> p -> [Ident] -> Value -> Term
 value2term' stop loc xs v0 =
   case v0 of
-    VApp pre vs    -> liftM (foldl App (Q (cPredef,predefName pre))) (mapM v2t vs)
-    VCApp f vs     -> liftM  (foldl App (QC f))   (mapM v2t vs)
-    VGen j vs      -> liftM2 (foldl App) (var j)  (mapM v2t vs)
-    VMeta j env vs -> liftM  (foldl App (Meta j)) (mapM v2t vs)
-    VProd bt v x f -> liftM2 (Prod bt x) (v2t v) (v2t' x f)
-    VAbs  bt   x f -> liftM  (Abs  bt x)         (v2t' x f)
-    VInt n         -> return (EInt n)
-    VFloat f       -> return (EFloat f)
-    VString s      -> return (if null s then Empty else K s)
-    VSort s        -> return (Sort s)
-    VImplArg v     -> liftM  ImplArg (v2t v)
-    VTblType p res -> liftM2 Table (v2t p) (v2t res)
-    VRecType rs    -> liftM  RecType (mapM (\(l,v) -> fmap ((,) l) (v2t v)) rs)
-    VRec as        -> liftM  R       (mapM (\(l,v) -> v2t v >>= \t -> return (l,(Nothing,t))) as)
-    VV t _ vs      -> liftM  (V t)   (mapM v2t vs)
-    VT wild v cs   -> v2t v >>= \t -> liftM (T ((if wild then TWild else TTyped) t)) (mapM nfcase cs)
-    VFV vs         -> liftM  FV (mapM v2t vs)
-    VC v1 v2       -> liftM2 C (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
-    VS v1 v2       -> liftM2 S (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
-    VP v l         -> v2t v >>= \t -> return (P t l)
-    VPatt p        -> return (EPatt p)
-    VPattType v    -> v2t v >>= return . EPattType
-    VAlts v vvs    -> liftM2 Alts (v2t v) (mapM (\(x,y) -> liftM2 (,) (v2t x) (v2t y)) vvs)
-    VStrs vs       -> liftM  Strs (mapM v2t vs)
+    VApp pre vs    -> applyMany (Q (cPredef,predefName pre)) vs
+    VCApp f vs     -> applyMany (QC f)                       vs
+    VGen j vs      -> applyMany (var j)                      vs
+    VMeta j env vs -> applyMany (Meta j)                     vs
+    VProd bt v x f -> Prod bt x (v2t v)  (v2t' x f)
+    VAbs  bt   x f -> Abs  bt x          (v2t' x f)
+    VInt n         -> EInt n
+    VFloat f       -> EFloat f
+    VString s      -> if null s then Empty else K s
+    VSort s        -> Sort s
+    VImplArg v     -> ImplArg (v2t v)
+    VTblType p res -> Table (v2t p) (v2t res)
+    VRecType rs    -> RecType [(l, v2t v) | (l,v) <- rs]
+    VRec as        -> R       [(l, (Nothing, v2t v)) | (l,v) <- as]
+    VV t _ vs      -> V t     (map v2t vs)
+    VT wild v cs   -> T ((if wild then TWild else TTyped) (v2t v)) (map nfcase cs)
+    VFV vs         -> FV (map v2t vs)
+    VC v1 v2       -> C (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
+    VS v1 v2       -> S (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
+    VP v l         -> P (v2t v) l
+    VPatt p        -> EPatt p
+    VPattType v    -> EPattType $ v2t v
+    VAlts v vvs    -> Alts (v2t v) [(v2t x, v2t y) | (x,y) <- vvs]
+    VStrs vs       -> Strs (map v2t vs)
 --  VGlue v1 v2    -> Glue (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
 --  VExtR v1 v2    -> ExtR (v2t v1) (v2t v2)
-    VError err     -> return (Error err)
-
+    VError err     -> Error err
   where
+    applyMany f vs = foldl App f (map v2t vs)
     v2t = v2txs xs
     v2txs = value2term' stop loc
     v2t' x f = v2txs (x:xs) (bind f (gen xs))
 
     var j
-      | j<length xs = Right (Vr (reverse xs !! j))
-      | otherwise   = Left  j
+      | j<length xs = Vr (reverse xs !! j)
+      | otherwise   = error ("variable #"++show j++" is out of scope")
 
 
     pushs xs e = foldr push e xs
     push x (env,xs) = ((x,gen xs):env,x:xs)
     gen xs = VGen (length xs) []
 
-    nfcase (p,f) = liftM ((,) p) (v2txs xs' (bind f env'))
+    nfcase (p,f) = (,) p (v2txs xs' (bind f env'))
       where (env',xs') = pushs (pattVars p) ([],xs)
 
     bind (Bind f) x = if stop