diff --git a/bin/_template.html b/bin/_template.html index 3cf10ba47..115683a73 100644 --- a/bin/_template.html +++ b/bin/_template.html @@ -64,34 +64,47 @@ $body$ Home -
--Aarne Ranta -
-October 2011 for GF 3.3 - -
- -
- -Writing GF grammars in the cloud, without installing GF. - - - - -
- $ gf FoodIta.gf FoodEng.gf --Alternatively, start GF with gf and give the GF command import FoodIta.gf FoodEng.gf. - -
- parse "this cheese is very very Italian" | linearize --Notice that the parser accept the tabulator for word completion. - -
- generate_random | linearize -- -
- help --
- import alltenses/LangEng.gfo alltenses/LangGer.gfo - - parse -lang=Eng "I love you" | linearize -treebank --The resource grammars are found relative to the value of GF_LIB_PATH, which -you may have to set; see here for instructions. - - - -
- Bread : Kind ; -- in Food.gf
- Bread = {s = "bread"} ; -- in FoodEng.gf
- Bread = {s = "pane"} ; -- in FoodIta.gf
-
-and start GF again with the same command. Now you can even translate
-this bread is very Italian.
-
-To lear more on GF commands and
-grammar development, go to the one of the tutorials:
-- gf -make FoodIta.gf FoodEng.gf - wrote Food.pgf --You can use this in Haskell and Java programs, and also on web services, such as -
- $ gf -server - This is GF version 3.3 - Built on linux/i386 with ghc-7.0, flags: interrupt server cclazy - Document root = /usr/local/share/gf-3.3/www - Starting HTTP server, open http://localhost:41296/ in your web browser. --You can view it locally by pointing your -browser to the URL shown. You can add your own .pgf grammar to the service by -copying it over to the documentRoot directory. Just push "reload" in -your browser after each such update. - -
- -To build more customized web application, consult the -developer wiki. - - -
-
-This is a quick reference on GF grammars. It aims to
-cover all forms of expression available when writing
-grammars. It assumes basic knowledge of GF, which
-can be acquired from the
-[GF Tutorial http://www.grammaticalframework.org/doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial.html].
-Help on GF commands is obtained on line by the
-help command with ``help``, and help on invoking
-GF with ``gf -help``.
-
-
-===A complete example===
-
-This is a complete example of a GF grammar divided
-into three modules in files. The grammar recognizes the
-phrases //one pizza// and //two pizzas//.
-
-File ``Order.gf``:
-```
-abstract Order = {
-cat
- Order ;
- Item ;
-fun
- One, Two : Item -> Order ;
- Pizza : Item ;
-}
-```
-File ``OrderEng.gf`` (the top file):
-```
---# -path=.:prelude
-concrete OrderEng of Order =
- open Res, Prelude in {
-flags startcat=Order ;
-lincat
- Order = SS ;
- Item = {s : Num => Str} ;
-lin
- One it = ss ("one" ++ it.s ! Sg) ;
- Two it = ss ("two" ++ it.s ! Pl) ;
- Pizza = regNoun "pizza" ;
-}
-```
-File ``Res.gf``:
-```
-resource Res = open Prelude in {
-param Num = Sg | Pl ;
-oper regNoun : Str -> {s : Num => Str} =
- \dog -> {s = table {
- Sg => dog ;
- _ => dog + "s"
- }
- } ;
-}
-```
-To use this example, do
-```
- % gf -- in shell: start GF
- > i OrderEng.gf -- in GF: import grammar
- > p "one pizza" -- parse string
- > l Two Pizza -- linearize tree
-```
-
-
-
-===Modules and files===
-
-One module per file.
-File named ``Foo.gf`` contains module named
-``Foo``.
-
-Each module has the structure
-```
-moduletypename =
- Inherits ** -- optional
- open Opens in -- optional
- { Judgements }
-```
-Inherits are names of modules of the same type.
-Inheritance can be restricted:
-```
- Mo[f,g], -- inherit only f,g from Mo
- Lo-[f,g] -- inheris all but f,g from Lo
-```
-Opens are possible in ``concrete`` and ``resource``.
-They are names of modules of these two types, possibly
-qualified:
-```
- (M = Mo), -- refer to f as M.f or Mo.f
- (Lo = Lo) -- refer to f as Lo.f
-```
-Module types and judgements in them:
-```
-abstract A -- cat, fun, def, data
-concrete C of A -- lincat, lin, lindef, printname
-resource R -- param, oper
-
-interface I -- like resource, but can have
- oper f : T without definition
-instance J of I -- like resource, defines opers
- that I leaves undefined
-incomplete -- functor: concrete that opens
- concrete CI of A = one or more interfaces
- open I in ...
-concrete CJ of A = -- completion: concrete that
- CI with instantiates a functor by
- (I = J) instances of open interfaces
-```
-The forms
-``param``, ``oper``
-may appear in ``concrete`` as well, but are then
-not inherited to extensions.
-
-All modules can moreover have ``flags`` and comments.
-Comments have the forms
-```
--- till the end of line
-{- any number of lines between -}
---# used for compiler pragmas
-```
-A ``concrete`` can be opened like a ``resource``.
-It is translated as follows:
-```
-cat C ---> oper C : Type =
-lincat C = T T ** {lock_C : {}}
-
-fun f : G -> C ---> oper f : A* -> C* = \g ->
-lin f = t t g ** {lock_C = <>}
-```
-An ``abstract`` can be opened like an ``interface``.
-Any ``concrete`` of it then works as an ``instance``.
-
-
-
-===Judgements===
-
-```
-cat C -- declare category C
-cat C (x:A)(y:B x) -- dependent category C
-cat C A B -- same as C (x : A)(y : B)
-fun f : T -- declare function f of type T
-def f = t -- define f as t
-def f p q = t -- define f by pattern matching
-data C = f | g -- set f,g as constructors of C
-data f : A -> C -- same as
- fun f : A -> C; data C=f
-
-lincat C = T -- define lin.type of cat C
-lin f = t -- define lin. of fun f
-lin f x y = t -- same as lin f = \x y -> t
-lindef C = \s -> t -- default lin. of cat C
-printname fun f = s -- printname shown in menus
-printname cat C = s -- printname shown in menus
-printname f = s -- same as printname fun f = s
-
-param P = C | D Q R -- define parameter type P
- with constructors
- C : P, D : Q -> R -> P
-oper h : T = t -- define oper h of type T
-oper h = t -- omit type, if inferrable
-
-flags p=v -- set value of flag p
-```
-Judgements are terminated by semicolons (``;``).
-Subsequent judgments of the same form may share the
-keyword:
-```
-cat C ; D ; -- same as cat C ; cat D ;
-```
-Judgements can also share RHS:
-```
-fun f,g : A -- same as fun f : A ; g : A
-```
-
-
-===Types===
-
-Abstract syntax (in ``fun``):
-```
-C -- basic type, if cat C
-C a b -- basic type for dep. category
-(x : A) -> B -- dep. functions from A to B
-(_ : A) -> B -- nondep. functions from A to B
-(p,q : A) -> B -- same as (p : A)-> (q : A) -> B
-A -> B -- same as (_ : A) -> B
-Int -- predefined integer type
-Float -- predefined float type
-String -- predefined string type
-```
-Concrete syntax (in ``lincat``):
-```
-Str -- token lists
-P -- parameter type, if param P
-P => B -- table type, if P param. type
-{s : Str ; p : P}-- record type
-{s,t : Str} -- same as {s : Str ; t : Str}
-{a : A} **{b : B}-- record type extension, same as
- {a : A ; b : B}
-A * B * C -- tuple type, same as
- {p1 : A ; p2 : B ; p3 : C}
-Ints n -- type of n first integers
-```
-Resource (in ``oper``): all those of concrete, plus
-```
-Tok -- tokens (subtype of Str)
-A -> B -- functions from A to B
-Int -- integers
-Strs -- list of prefixes (for pre)
-PType -- parameter type
-Type -- any type
-```
-As parameter types, one can use any finite type:
-``P`` defined in ``param P``,
-``Ints n``, and record types of parameter types.
-
-
-
-===Expressions===
-
-Syntax trees = full function applications
-```
-f a b -- : C if fun f : A -> B -> C
-1977 -- : Int
-3.14 -- : Float
-"foo" -- : String
-```
-Higher-Order Abstract syntax (HOAS): functions as arguments:
-```
-F a (\x -> c) -- : C if a : A, c : C (x : B),
- fun F : A -> (B -> C) -> C
-```
-Tokens and token lists
-```
-"hello" -- : Tok, singleton Str
-"hello" ++ "world" -- : Str
-["hello world"] -- : Str, same as "hello" ++ "world"
-"hello" + "world" -- : Tok, computes to "helloworld"
-[] -- : Str, empty list
-```
-Parameters
-```
-Sg -- atomic constructor
-VPres Sg P2 -- applied constructor
-{n = Sg ; p = P3} -- record of parameters
-```
-Tables
-```
-table { -- by full branches
- Sg => "mouse" ;
- Pl => "mice"
- }
-table { -- by pattern matching
- Pl => "mice" ;
- _ => "mouse" -- wildcard pattern
- }
-table {
- n => regn n "cat" -- variable pattern
- }
-table Num {...} -- table given with arg. type
-table ["ox"; "oxen"] -- table as course of values
-\\_ => "fish" -- same as table {_ => "fish"}
-\\p,q => t -- same as \\p => \\q => t
-
-t ! p -- select p from table t
-case e of {...} -- same as table {...} ! e
-```
-Records
-```
-{s = "Liz"; g = Fem} -- record in full form
-{s,t = "et"} -- same as {s = "et";t= "et"}
-{s = "Liz"} ** -- record extension: same as
- {g = Fem} {s = "Liz" ; g = Fem}
-
- -- tuple, same as {p1=a;p2=b;p3=c}
-```
-Functions
-```
-\x -> t -- lambda abstract
-\x,y -> t -- same as \x -> \y -> t
-\x,_ -> t -- binding not in t
-```
-Local definitions
-```
-let x : A = d in t -- let definition
-let x = d in t -- let defin, type inferred
-let x=d ; y=e in t -- same as
- let x=d in let y=e in t
-let {...} in t -- same as let ... in t
-
-t where {...} -- same as let ... in t
-```
-Free variation
-```
-variants {x ; y} -- both x and y possible
-variants {} -- nothing possible
-```
-Prefix-dependent choices
-```
-pre {"a" ; "an" / v} -- "an" before v, "a" otherw.
-strs {"a" ; "i" ;"o"}-- list of condition prefixes
-```
-Typed expression
-```
--- tuple, same as {p1=p ; p2=q} -p | q -- disjunction, binds to first match -x@p -- binds x to what p matches -- p -- negation -p + "s" -- sequence of two string patterns -p* -- repetition of a string pattern -``` - -===Sample library functions=== - -``` --- lib/prelude/Predef.gf -drop : Int -> Tok -> Tok -- drop prefix of length -take : Int -> Tok -> Tok -- take prefix of length -tk : Int -> Tok -> Tok -- drop suffix of length -dp : Int -> Tok -> Tok -- take suffix of length -occur : Tok -> Tok -> PBool -- test if substring -occurs : Tok -> Tok -> PBool -- test if any char occurs -show : (P:Type) -> P ->Tok -- param to string -read : (P:Type) -> Tok-> P -- string to param -toStr : (L:Type) -> L ->Str -- find "first" string - --- lib/prelude/Prelude.gf -param Bool = True | False -oper - SS : Type -- the type {s : Str} - ss : Str -> SS -- construct SS - cc2 : (_,_ : SS) -> SS -- concat SS's - optStr : Str -> Str -- string or empty - strOpt : Str -> Str -- empty or string - bothWays : Str -> Str -> Str -- X++Y or Y++X - init : Tok -> Tok -- all but last char - last : Tok -> Tok -- last char - prefixSS : Str -> SS -> SS - postfixSS : Str -> SS -> SS - infixSS : Str -> SS -> SS -> SS - if_then_else : (A : Type) -> Bool -> A -> A -> A - if_then_Str : Bool -> Str -> Str -> Str -``` - - -===Flags=== - -Flags can appear, with growing priority, -- in files, judgement ``flags`` and without dash (``-``) -- as flags to ``gf`` when invoked, with dash -- as flags to various GF commands, with dash - - -Some common flags used in grammars: -``` -startcat=cat use this category as default - -lexer=literals int and string literals recognized -lexer=code like program code -lexer=text like text: spacing, capitals -lexer=textlit text, unknowns as string lits - -unlexer=code like program code -unlexer=codelit code, remove string lit quotes -unlexer=text like text: punctuation, capitals -unlexer=textlit text, remove string lit quotes -unlexer=concat remove all spaces -unlexer=bind remove spaces around "&+" - -optimize=all_subs best for almost any concrete -optimize=values good for lexicon concrete -optimize=all usually good for resource -optimize=noexpand for resource, if =all too big -``` -For the full set of values for ``FLAG``, -use on-line ``h -FLAG``. - - - -===File import search paths=== - -Colon-separated list of directories searched in the -given order: -``` ---# -path=.:../abstract:../common:prelude -``` -This can be (in order of increasing priority), as -first line in the file, as flag to ``gf`` -when invoked, or as flag to the ``i`` command. -The prefix ``--#`` is used only in files. - -GF attempts to satisfy an ``import`` command by searching for the -import filename in the above search paths, initially qualified -relative to the current working directory. If the file is not found in -that initial expansion, the search paths are re-qualified relative to -the directories given in the ``GF_LIB_PATH`` environment variable. If -``GF_LIB_PATH`` is not defined, its default value is -``/usr/local/share/gf-3.9/lib`` (assuming you have GF version 3.9). - -If your GF resource grammar libraries are installed somewhere else, -you will want to set ``GF_LIB_PATH`` to point there instead. In a -pinch, you can point to the ``GF/lib/src/`` folder in your clone of -the GF source code repository. - -Developers of resource grammars may find it useful to define multiple -directories, colon-separated, in ``GF_LIB_PATH``. - - -===Alternative grammar formats=== - -**Old GF** (before GF 2.0): -all judgements in any kinds of modules, -division into files uses ``include``s. -A file ``Foo.gf`` is recognized as the old format -if it lacks a module header. - -**Context-free** (file ``foo.cf``). The form of rules is e.g. -``` -Fun. S ::= NP "is" AP ; -``` -If ``Fun`` is omitted, it is generated automatically. -Rules must be one per line. The RHS can be empty. - -**Extended BNF** (file ``foo.ebnf``). The form of rules is e.g. -``` -S ::= (NP+ ("is" | "was") AP | V NP*) ; -``` -where the RHS is a regular expression of categories -and quoted tokens: ``"foo", CAT, T U, T|U, T*, T+, T?``, or empty. -Rule labels are generated automatically. - - -**Probabilistic grammars** (not a separate format). -You can set the probability of a function ``f`` (in its value category) by -``` ---# prob f 0.009 -``` -These are put into a file given to GF using the ``probs=File`` flag -on command line. This file can be the grammar file itself. - -**Example-based grammars** (file ``foo.gfe``). Expressions of the form -``` -in Cat "example string" -``` -are preprocessed by using a parser given by the flag -``` ---# -resource=File -``` -and the result is written to ``foo.gf``. - - -===References=== - -[GF Homepage http://www.grammaticalframework.org/] - -A. Ranta, Grammatical Framework: A Type-Theoretical Grammar Formalism. -//The Journal of Functional Programming//, vol. 14:2. 2004, pp. 145-189. diff --git a/download/index.md b/download/index.md index 6bea6bba4..5ea18bf90 100644 --- a/download/index.md +++ b/download/index.md @@ -2,23 +2,23 @@ title: Grammatical Framework Download and Installation ... -**GF 4.0.0** was released on 28 November 2018. +**GF 3.10** was released on 28 November 2018. It is the first version of GF which _does not include the RGL_. -What's new? See the [release notes](release-4.0.0.html). +What's new? See the [release notes](release-3.10.html). ## Binary packages All binary releases are now hosted on [GitHub](https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/gf-core/releases). -| Platform | Download | Features | How to install | -|:----------------|:---------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------|:------------------------------------------------------------| -| macOS | [gf-4.0.0.pkg](gf-4.0.0.pkg) | GF,S,C,J,P | Double-click on the package icon | -| macOS | [gf-4.0.0-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz](gf-4.0.0-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo tar -C /usr/local -zxf gf-4.0.0-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz` | -| Raspian 9.1 | [gf\_4.0.0-1\_armhf.deb](gf_4.0.0-1_armhf.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_4.0.0-1_armhf.deb` | -| Ubuntu (32-bit) | [gf\_4.0.0-1\_i386.deb](gf_4.0.0-1_i386.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_4.0.0-1_i386.deb` | -| Ubuntu (64-bit) | [gf\_4.0.0-1\_amd64.deb](gf_4.0.0-1_amd64.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_4.0.0-1_amd64.deb` | -| Windows | [gf-4.0.0-bin-windows.zip](gf-4.0.0-bin-windows.zip) | GF,S | `unzip gf-4.0.0-bin-windows.zip` | +| Platform | Download | Features | How to install | +|:----------------|:-------------------------------------------------------------|:-----------|:-----------------------------------------------------------| +| macOS | [gf-3.10.pkg](gf-3.10.pkg) | GF,S,C,J,P | Double-click on the package icon | +| macOS | [gf-3.10-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz](gf-3.10-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo tar -C /usr/local -zxf gf-3.10-bin-intel-mac.tar.gz` | +| Raspian 9.1 | [gf\_3.10-1\_armhf.deb](gf_3.10-1_armhf.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_3.10-1_armhf.deb` | +| Ubuntu (32-bit) | [gf\_3.10-1\_i386.deb](gf_3.10-1_i386.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_3.10-1_i386.deb` | +| Ubuntu (64-bit) | [gf\_3.10-1\_amd64.deb](gf_3.10-1_amd64.deb) | GF,S,C,J,P | `sudo dpkg -i gf_3.10-1_amd64.deb` | +| Windows | [gf-3.10-bin-windows.zip](gf-3.10-bin-windows.zip) | GF,S | `unzip gf-3.10-bin-windows.zip` | **Features** diff --git a/download/release-4.0.0.md b/download/release-3.10.md similarity index 100% rename from download/release-4.0.0.md rename to download/release-3.10.md diff --git a/index.html b/index.html index 2621782a1..e7dd297b6 100644 --- a/index.html +++ b/index.html @@ -24,55 +24,43 @@
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