forked from GitHub/gf-core
fixes in multimodal document, last section
This commit is contained in:
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
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<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1>Demonstrative Expressions and Multimodal Grammars</H1>
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<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1>Demonstrative Expressions and Multimodal Grammars</H1>
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<FONT SIZE="4">
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<FONT SIZE="4">
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<I>Author: Aarne Ranta <aarne (at) cs.chalmers.se></I><BR>
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<I>Author: Aarne Ranta <aarne (at) cs.chalmers.se></I><BR>
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Last update: Sun Jan 8 21:50:32 2006
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Last update: Mon Jan 9 20:29:45 2006
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</FONT></CENTER>
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</FONT></CENTER>
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<P></P>
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<P></P>
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@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ Last update: Sun Jan 8 21:50:32 2006
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<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Instantiating multimodality to different languages</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Instantiating multimodality to different languages</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc19">Language-independent reimplementation of TramDemo</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc19">Language-independent reimplementation of TramDemo</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc20">The order problem</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc20">The order problem</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc21">A recipe for using a resource library</A>
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<LI><A HREF="#toc21">A recipe for using the resource library</A>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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</UL>
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@@ -820,27 +820,41 @@ ignore the word order problem, if it is correctly dealt with in
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the resource.
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the resource.
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</P>
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</P>
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<A NAME="toc21"></A>
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<A NAME="toc21"></A>
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<H3>A recipe for using a resource library</H3>
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<H3>A recipe for using the resource library</H3>
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<P>
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<P>
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In the beginning, we believed resource grammars are all that
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When starting to develop resource grammars, we believed they
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would be all that
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an application grammarian needs to write a concrete syntax.
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an application grammarian needs to write a concrete syntax.
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However, experience has shown that it can be heavy to start
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However, experience has shown that it can be tough to start
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the grammar development in this way: selecting functions from
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grammar development in this way: selecting functions from
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a resource API requires more abstract thinking than just
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a resource API requires more abstract thinking than just
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writing things (maybe even in a context-free grammar notation,
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writing strings, and its take longer to reach testable
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also supported by GF). This experience has led to the following
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results. The most light-weight format is
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steps for grammar development, which, while permitting
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maybe to start with context-free grammars (which notation is
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a quick start of the work, towards the end increase abstraction
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also supported by GF). Context-free grammars that
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to localize the grammar in different languages.
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give acceptable even though over-generating
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results for languages like English are quick to produce.
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</P>
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<P>
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The experience has led to the following
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steps for grammar development. While giving the work
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a quick start, this recipe
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increases abstraction at a later level, when it is time to
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to localize the grammar to different languages.
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If context-free notation is used, steps 1 and 2 can
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be merged.
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</P>
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</P>
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<OL>
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<OL>
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<LI>Encode domain ontology in and abstract syntax, <CODE>Domain</CODE>.
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<LI>Encode domain ontology in and abstract syntax, <CODE>Domain</CODE>.
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<LI>Write a rough concrete syntax in English, <CODE>DomainRough</CODE>.
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<LI>Write a rough concrete syntax in English, <CODE>DomainRough</CODE>.
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This can be oversimplified and overgenerating.
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This can be oversimplified and overgenerating.
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<LI>Reimplement by resource, and build a functor <CODE>DomainI</CODE>.
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<LI>Reimplement by using the resource library, and build a functor <CODE>DomainI</CODE>.
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<LI>Instantiate this functor to different languages, and test.
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This can helped by <B>example-based grammar writing</B>, where
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<LI>If a rule doesn't satisfy in a language, use its resource in
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the examples are generated from <CODE>DomainRough</CODE>.
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a different way (<B>compile-time transfer</B>).
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<LI>Instantiate the functor <CODE>DomainI</CODE> to different languages,
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and test the results by generating linearizations.
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<LI>If some rule doesn't satisfy in some language, use the resource in
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a different way for that case (<B>compile-time transfer</B>).
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</OL>
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</OL>
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@@ -691,25 +691,38 @@ ignore the word order problem, if it is correctly dealt with in
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the resource.
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the resource.
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===A recipe for using a resource library===
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===A recipe for using the resource library===
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In the beginning, we believed resource grammars are all that
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When starting to develop resource grammars, we believed they
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would be all that
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an application grammarian needs to write a concrete syntax.
|
an application grammarian needs to write a concrete syntax.
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However, experience has shown that it can be heavy to start
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However, experience has shown that it can be tough to start
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the grammar development in this way: selecting functions from
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grammar development in this way: selecting functions from
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a resource API requires more abstract thinking than just
|
a resource API requires more abstract thinking than just
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writing things (maybe even in a context-free grammar notation,
|
writing strings, and its take longer to reach testable
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also supported by GF). This experience has led to the following
|
results. The most light-weight format is
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steps for grammar development, which, while permitting
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maybe to start with context-free grammars (which notation is
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a quick start of the work, towards the end increase abstraction
|
also supported by GF). Context-free grammars that
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to localize the grammar in different languages.
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give acceptable even though over-generating
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|
results for languages like English are quick to produce.
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|
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The experience has led to the following
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|
steps for grammar development. While giving the work
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|
a quick start, this recipe
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|
increases abstraction at a later level, when it is time to
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|
to localize the grammar to different languages.
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If context-free notation is used, steps 1 and 2 can
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be merged.
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|
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+ Encode domain ontology in and abstract syntax, ``Domain``.
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+ Encode domain ontology in and abstract syntax, ``Domain``.
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+ Write a rough concrete syntax in English, ``DomainRough``.
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+ Write a rough concrete syntax in English, ``DomainRough``.
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This can be oversimplified and overgenerating.
|
This can be oversimplified and overgenerating.
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+ Reimplement by resource, and build a functor ``DomainI``.
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+ Reimplement by using the resource library, and build a functor ``DomainI``.
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+ Instantiate this functor to different languages, and test.
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This can helped by **example-based grammar writing**, where
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+ If a rule doesn't satisfy in a language, use its resource in
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the examples are generated from ``DomainRough``.
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a different way (**compile-time transfer**).
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+ Instantiate the functor ``DomainI`` to different languages,
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and test the results by generating linearizations.
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|
+ If some rule doesn't satisfy in some language, use the resource in
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|
a different way for that case (**compile-time transfer**).
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|
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|
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