-- Trying to decide when to use the verbal affixes like meng-, ber-, -i etc.
-- I understand that this goes beyond mere syntax, so any rules are necessarily incomplete.
-- I want to find out what's a good API to use in applications, where you need finer control of when to use prefixes.

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-- Simple declarative sentences

-- Intransitive verbs

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant (PossPron i_Pron) NumSg) (UseN cat_N)) (UseV walk_V)))
LangEng: my cat walks
LangMay: kucing aku berjalan

-- As a verbal complement
Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant (PossPron i_Pron) NumSg) (UseN cat_N)) (ComplVV want_VV (UseV walk_V))))
LangEng: my cat wants to walk
LangMay: kucing aku mahu berjalan

-- Transitive verbs

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a read_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant this_Quant NumSg) (UseN book_N)))))
LangEng: I read this book
LangMay: aku membaca buku ini

-- As a verbal complement
Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplVV want_VV (ComplSlash (SlashV2a read_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant this_Quant NumSg) (UseN book_N))))))
LangEng: I want to read this book
LangMay: aku mahu membaca buku ini

-- How about words like mengajar and belajar? Is the prefix more important here?

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (AdvVP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a learn_V2) (MassNP (UseN science_N))) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))
LangEng: I learn science in the school
LangMay: aku belajar sains di sekolah

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (AdvVP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a teach_V2) (MassNP (UseN science_N))) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))
LangEng: I teach science in the school
LangMay: aku mengajar sains di sekolah

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (AdvVP (ComplVV want_VV (ComplSlash (SlashV2a teach_V2) (MassNP (UseN science_N)))) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))
LangEng: I want to teach science in the school
LangMay: aku mahu mengajar sains di sekolah

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (AdvVP (ComplVV want_VV (ComplSlash (SlashV2a learn_V2) (MassNP (UseN science_N)))) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))
LangEng: I want to learn science in the school
LangMay: aku mahu belajar sains di sekolah

-- How about interaction with passive? These sentences are very artificial, but imagine they made sense:
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant this_Quant NumSg) (UseN book_N)) (AdvVP (PassV2 learn_V2) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))) NoVoc
LangEng: this book is learned in the school
LangMay: buku ini dibelajar di sekolah

Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant this_Quant NumSg) (UseN book_N)) (AdvVP (PassV2 teach_V2) (PrepNP in_Prep (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN school_N))))))) NoVoc
LangEng: this book is taught in the school
LangMay: buku ini diajar di sekolah

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-- Relative clauses

-- Intransitive verbs

Lang: DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN cat_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (UseV walk_V))))
LangEng: a cat that walks
LangMay: kucing yang berjalan

-- In a context
Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN cat_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (UseV walk_V))))))))
LangEng: I buy a cat that walks
LangMay: aku membeli kucing yang berjalan

-- Transitive verbs

-- The subject of the verb phrase is the head (cat drinks milk -> *cat* that drinks milk)
Lang: DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN cat_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a drink_V2) (MassNP (UseN milk_N))))))
LangEng: a cat that drinks milk
LangMay: kucing yang minum susu

-- The object of the verb phrase is the head (cat drinks milk -> *milk* that cat drinks)
Lang: MassNP (RelCN (UseN milk_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelSlash IdRP (SlashVP (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (UseN cat_N)) (SlashV2a drink_V2)))))
LangEng: milk that a cat drinks
LangMay: susu yang kucing minum

-- Both in context
Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN cat_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a drink_V2) (MassNP (UseN milk_N))))))))))
LangEng: I buy a cat that drinks milk
LangMay: aku membeli kucing yang minum susu

Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (MassNP (RelCN (UseN milk_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelSlash IdRP (SlashVP (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumSg) (UseN cat_N)) (SlashV2a drink_V2)))))))))
LangEng: I buy milk that a cat drinks
LangMay: aku membeli susu yang kucing minum


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-- Generic constructions like "it rains": prefix or not?

-- On its own
Lang: UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (ImpersCl (AdvVP (UseV rain_V0) now_Adv)))
LangEng: it rains now
LangMay: hujan sekarang

-- In a context
Lang: UttS (AdvS (SubjS if_Subj (UseCl (TTAnt TPast ASimul) PNeg (ImpersCl (UseV rain_V0)))) (ExtAdvS now_Adv (UseCl (TTAnt TCond ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (UseV walk_V)))))
LangEng: if it didn't rain now , I would walk
LangMay: sekiranya tidak hujan sekarang , aku akan berjalan

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-- Imperative

Lang: UttImpSg PPos (ImpVP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a open_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN door_N))))
LangEng: open the door
LangMay: buka pintu

Lang: UttImpSg PNeg (ImpVP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a open_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN door_N))))
LangEng: don't open the door
LangMay: jangan buka pintu

Lang: UttImpPol PPos (ImpVP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a open_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN door_N))))
LangEng: open the door
LangMay: bukakan pintu
----------------------------------------
-- Questions
