Initial Files for Rukiga RGL brough from previous coding before git tracking

src/rukiga/AdjectiveCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete AdjectiveCgg of Adjective = CatCgg **
+  open (Res = ResCgg), Prelude, ParamX in {
+
+lin
+
+PositA a = a;
+
+{-
+abstract Adjective = Cat ** {
+
+  fun
+
+-- The principal ways of forming an adjectival phrase are
+-- positive, comparative, relational, reflexive-relational, and
+-- elliptic-relational.
+
+    PositA  : A  -> AP ;        -- warm
+    ComparA : A  -> NP -> AP ;  -- warmer than I
+    ComplA2 : A2 -> NP -> AP ;  -- married to her
+    ReflA2  : A2 -> AP ;        -- married to itself
+    UseA2   : A2 -> AP ;        -- married
+    UseComparA : A  -> AP ;     -- warmer
+    CAdvAP  : CAdv -> AP -> NP -> AP ; -- as cool as John
+
+-- The superlative use is covered in $Ord$.
+
+    AdjOrd  : Ord -> AP ;       -- warmest
+
+-- Sentence and question complements defined for all adjectival
+-- phrases, although the semantics is only clear for some adjectives.
+ 
+    SentAP  : AP -> SC -> AP ;  -- good that she is here
+
+-- An adjectival phrase can be modified by an *adadjective*, such as "very".
+
+    AdAP    : AdA -> AP -> AP ; -- very warm
+
+-- It can also be postmodified by an adverb, typically a prepositional phrase.
+
+    AdvAP   : AP -> Adv -> AP ; -- warm by nature
+
+-- The formation of adverbs from adjectives (e.g. "quickly") is covered
+-- in [Adverb Adverb.html]; the same concerns adadjectives (e.g. "extremely").
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/AdverbCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete AdverbCgg of Adverb = CatCgg **
+  open ResCgg, Prelude in {
+
+lin
+  --PrepNP      : Prep -> NP -> Adv --adverb of place pg 118 part (c)
+  -- some prepositions can only operate with CN but not PN
+  -- how can we distinguish NPs i.e if they are CN or PN?
+  -- because aha is used for CN while aha-ri is used for PN Omubazi
+  -- nigukora ahari John
+  -- The nounPhrase must carry information about its derivation
+  PrepNP prep np = {s = \\ agr => prep.s ++ np . s}; -- aha meza
+  
+  --PositAdvAdj : A -> Adv ;                 -- warmly
+  PositAdvAdj a = a;
+
+{-
+abstract Adverb = Cat ** {
+
+  fun
+
+-- The two main ways of forming adverbs are from adjectives and by
+-- prepositions from noun phrases.
+
+    PositAdvAdj : A -> Adv ;                 -- warmly
+    PrepNP      : Prep -> NP -> Adv ;        -- in the house
+
+-- Comparative adverbs have a noun phrase or a sentence as object of
+-- comparison.
+
+    ComparAdvAdj  : CAdv -> A -> NP -> Adv ; -- more warmly than John
+    ComparAdvAdjS : CAdv -> A -> S  -> Adv ; -- more warmly than he runs
+
+-- Adverbs can be modified by 'adadjectives', just like adjectives.
+
+    AdAdv  : AdA -> Adv -> Adv ;             -- very quickly
+
+-- Like adverbs, adadjectives can be produced by adjectives.
+
+    PositAdAAdj : A -> AdA ;                 -- extremely
+
+-- Subordinate clauses can function as adverbs.
+
+    SubjS  : Subj -> S -> Adv ;              -- when she sleeps
+
+-- Comparison adverbs also work as numeral adverbs.
+
+    AdnCAdv : CAdv -> AdN ;                  -- less (than five)
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/CatCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,167 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete CatCgg of Cat = CommonX -[Adv]**
+  open (Res=ResCgg), Prelude in {
+
+lincat
+
+  -- Note: SS is a shorthand for {s:Str}, defined in Prelude.gf
+  -- You must change some of the lincats (e.g., for NP, Det and Pron) so that everything works
+
+  S = SS ;                        -- declarative sentence                e.g. "she lived here"
+  Cl = Res.Clause ;               -- declarative clause, with all tenses e.g. "she looks at this"
+
+  V = Res.Verb ;   --change to {verb : Str ; comp = []}               -- one-place verb                      e.g. "sleep"  
+  VP = Res.VerbPhrase ;           -- verb phrase                         e.g. "is very warm"
+
+  N = Res.Noun ;                  -- common noun                         e.g. "house"
+  CN = Res.Noun ;                 -- common noun (without determiner)    e.g. "red house"
+  NP = Res.NounPhrase;            -- noun phrase (subject or object)     e.g. "the red house"
+  Pron = Res.Pronoun ;            -- personal pronoun                    e.g. "she"
+  Det = Res.Determiner ;          -- determiner phrase                   e.g. "those seven"
+  Quant = SS ;                    -- quantifier ('nucleus' of Det)       e.g. "this/these"
+  Num = Res.Numer ;               -- number determining element          e.g. "seven"
+  AP = Res.AdjectivalPhrase;
+  A  = Res.Adjective;
+  Comp = Res.AdjectivalPhrase;    -- complement of copula, such as AP  e.g. "very warm"
+  V2 = Res.Verb2;
+  Adv = Res.Adv;
+  VPSlash = Res.VPSlash;
+{-
+--1 Cat: the Category System
+
+-- The category system is central to the library in the sense
+-- that the other modules ($Adjective$, $Adverb$, $Noun$, $Verb$ etc)
+-- communicate through it. This means that a e.g. a function using
+-- $NP$s in $Verb$ need not know how $NP$s are constructed in $Noun$:
+-- it is enough that both $Verb$ and $Noun$ use the same type $NP$,
+-- which is given here in $Cat$.
+-- 
+-- Some categories are inherited from [``Common`` Common.html].
+-- The reason they are defined there is that they have the same
+-- implementation in all languages in the resource (typically,
+-- just a string). These categories are
+-- $AdA, AdN, AdV, Adv, Ant, CAdv, IAdv, PConj, Phr$, 
+-- $Pol, SC, Tense, Text, Utt, Voc, Interj$.
+--
+-- Moreover, the list categories $ListAdv, ListAP, ListNP, ListS$
+-- are defined on $Conjunction$ and only used locally there.
+
+
+abstract Cat = Common ** {
+
+  cat
+
+--2 Sentences and clauses
+
+-- Constructed in [Sentence Sentence.html], and also in
+-- [Idiom Idiom.html].
+
+    S ;     -- declarative sentence                e.g. "she lived here"
+    QS ;    -- question                            e.g. "where did she live"
+    RS ;    -- relative                            e.g. "in which she lived"
+    Cl ;    -- declarative clause, with all tenses e.g. "she looks at this"
+    ClSlash;-- clause missing NP (S/NP in GPSG)    e.g. "she looks at"
+    SSlash ;-- sentence missing NP                 e.g. "she has looked at"
+    Imp ;   -- imperative                          e.g. "look at this"
+
+--2 Questions and interrogatives
+
+-- Constructed in [Question Question.html].
+
+    QCl ;   -- question clause, with all tenses    e.g. "why does she walk"
+    IP ;    -- interrogative pronoun               e.g. "who"
+    IComp ; -- interrogative complement of copula  e.g. "where"
+    IDet ;  -- interrogative determiner            e.g. "how many"
+    IQuant; -- interrogative quantifier            e.g. "which"
+
+--2 Relative clauses and pronouns
+
+-- Constructed in [Relative Relative.html].
+
+    RCl ;   -- relative clause, with all tenses    e.g. "in which she lives"
+    RP ;    -- relative pronoun                    e.g. "in which"
+
+--2 Verb phrases
+
+-- Constructed in [Verb Verb.html].
+
+    VP ;      -- verb phrase                       e.g. "is very warm"
+    Comp ;    -- complement of copula, such as AP  e.g. "very warm"
+    VPSlash ; -- verb phrase missing complement    e.g. "give to John"
+
+--2 Adjectival phrases
+
+-- Constructed in [Adjective Adjective.html].
+
+    AP ;    -- adjectival phrase                   e.g. "very warm"
+
+--2 Nouns and noun phrases
+
+-- Constructed in [Noun Noun.html]. 
+-- Many atomic noun phrases e.g. "everybody"
+-- are constructed in [Structural Structural.html].
+-- The determiner structure is
+-- ``` Predet (QuantSg | QuantPl Num) Ord
+-- as defined in [Noun Noun.html].
+
+    CN ;     -- common noun (without determiner)    e.g. "red house"
+    NP ;     -- noun phrase (subject or object)     e.g. "the red house"
+    Pron ;   -- personal pronoun                    e.g. "she"
+    Det ;    -- determiner phrase                   e.g. "those seven"
+    Predet ; -- predeterminer (prefixed Quant)      e.g. "all"
+    Quant ;  -- quantifier ('nucleus' of Det)       e.g. "this/these"
+    Num ;    -- number determining element          e.g. "seven"
+    Card ;   -- cardinal number                     e.g. "seven"
+    ACard ;  -- adjective like cardinal             e.g. "few", "many"
+    Ord ;    -- ordinal number (used in Det)        e.g. "seventh"
+    DAP ;    -- determiner with adjective           e.g. "three small"
+
+--2 Numerals
+
+-- Constructed in [Numeral Numeral.html].
+
+    Numeral ; -- cardinal or ordinal in words       e.g. "five/fifth"
+    Digits ;  -- cardinal or ordinal in digits      e.g. "1,000/1,000th"
+
+--2 Structural words
+
+-- Constructed in [Structural Structural.html].
+
+    Conj ;  -- conjunction                         e.g. "and"
+---b    DConj ; -- distributed conjunction             e.g. "both - and"
+    Subj ;  -- subjunction                         e.g. "if"
+    Prep ;  -- preposition, or just case           e.g. "in"
+
+--2 Words of open classes
+
+-- These are constructed in [Lexicon Lexicon.html] and in 
+-- additional lexicon modules.
+
+    V ;     -- one-place verb                      e.g. "sleep" 
+    V2 ;    -- two-place verb                      e.g. "love"
+    V3 ;    -- three-place verb                    e.g. "show"
+    VV ;    -- verb-phrase-complement verb         e.g. "want"
+    VS ;    -- sentence-complement verb            e.g. "claim"
+    VQ ;    -- question-complement verb            e.g. "wonder"
+    VA ;    -- adjective-complement verb           e.g. "look"
+    V2V ;   -- verb with NP and V complement       e.g. "cause"
+    V2S ;   -- verb with NP and S complement       e.g. "tell"
+    V2Q ;   -- verb with NP and Q complement       e.g. "ask"
+    V2A ;   -- verb with NP and AP complement      e.g. "paint"
+
+    A ;     -- one-place adjective                 e.g. "warm"
+    A2 ;    -- two-place adjective                 e.g. "divisible"
+
+    N ;     -- common noun                         e.g. "house"
+    N2 ;    -- relational noun                     e.g. "son"
+    N3 ;    -- three-place relational noun         e.g. "connection"
+    PN ;    -- proper name                         e.g. "Paris"
+
+-- DEPRECATED: QuantSg, QuantPl
+---    QuantSg ;-- quantifier ('nucleus' of sing. Det) e.g. "every"
+---    QuantPl ;-- quantifier ('nucleus' of plur. Det) e.g. "many"
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/CompatibilityCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete CompatibilityCgg of Compatibility = CatCgg **
+  open Prelude, ResCgg in {
+
+
+{-
+abstract Compatibility = Cat ** {
+
+fun
+    NumInt     : Int -> Num ;     -- 57
+    OrdInt     : Int -> Ord ;     -- 57
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/ConjunctionCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete ConjunctionCgg of Conjunction = CatCgg **
+  open ResCgg, Coordination, Prelude in {
+
+
+{-
+--1 Conjunction: Coordination
+
+-- Coordination is defined for many different categories; here is
+-- a sample. The rules apply to *lists* of two or more elements,
+-- and define two general patterns: 
+-- - ordinary conjunction: X,...X and X
+-- - distributed conjunction: both X,...,X and X
+--
+--
+-- $VP$ conjunctions are not covered here, because their applicability
+-- depends on language. Some special cases are defined in 
+-- [``Extra`` ../abstract/Extra.gf].
+
+
+abstract Conjunction = Cat ** {
+
+--2 Rules
+
+  fun
+    ConjS    : Conj -> ListS -> S ;       -- he walks and she runs
+    ConjRS   : Conj -> ListRS -> RS ;     -- who walks and whose mother runs
+    ConjAP   : Conj -> ListAP -> AP ;     -- cold and warm
+    ConjNP   : Conj -> ListNP -> NP ;     -- she or we
+    ConjAdv  : Conj -> ListAdv -> Adv ;   -- here or there
+    ConjAdV  : Conj -> ListAdV -> AdV ;   -- always or sometimes
+    ConjIAdv : Conj -> ListIAdv -> IAdv ; -- where and with whom
+    ConjCN   : Conj -> ListCN -> CN ;     -- man and woman
+    ConjDet  : Conj -> ListDAP -> Det ;   -- his or her
+
+--2 Categories
+
+-- These categories are only used in this module.
+
+  cat
+    [S]{2} ; 
+    [RS]{2} ; 
+    [Adv]{2} ;
+    [AdV]{2} ;
+    [NP]{2} ; 
+    [AP]{2} ;
+    [IAdv]{2} ;
+    [CN] {2} ;
+    [DAP] {2} ;
+
+--2 List constructors
+
+-- The list constructors are derived from the list notation and therefore
+-- not given explicitly. But here are their type signatures:
+
+-- overview
+    BaseC : C -> C   -> [C] ;  --- for C = AdV, Adv, AP, CN, Det, IAdv, NP, RS, S
+    ConsC : C -> [C] -> [C] ;  --- for C = AdV, Adv, AP, CN, Det, IAdv, NP, RS, S
+
+-- complete list
+
+  BaseAP : AP -> AP -> ListAP ;       -- red, white
+  ConsAP : AP -> ListAP -> ListAP ;   -- red, white, blue
+
+  BaseAdV : AdV -> AdV -> ListAdV ;     -- always, sometimes
+  ConsAdV : AdV -> ListAdV -> ListAdV ; -- always, sometimes, never
+
+  BaseAdv : Adv -> Adv -> ListAdv ;     -- here, there
+  ConsAdv : Adv -> ListAdv -> ListAdv ; -- here, there, everywhere
+
+  BaseCN : CN -> CN -> ListCN ;      -- man, woman
+  ConsCN : CN -> ListCN -> ListCN ;  -- man, woman, child
+
+  BaseIAdv : IAdv -> IAdv -> ListIAdv ;     -- where, when
+  ConsIAdv : IAdv -> ListIAdv -> ListIAdv ; -- where, when, why
+
+  BaseNP : NP -> NP -> ListNP ;      -- John, Mary
+  ConsNP : NP -> ListNP -> ListNP ;  -- John, Mary, Bill
+
+  BaseRS : RS -> RS -> ListRS ;       -- who walks, whom I know
+  ConsRS : RS -> ListRS -> ListRS ;   -- who wals, whom I know, who is here
+
+  BaseS : S -> S -> ListS ;      -- John walks, Mary runs
+  ConsS : S -> ListS -> ListS ;  -- John walks, Mary runs, Bill swims
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/DictCggAbs.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+abstract DictEngAbs = Cat ** {
+
+{- --beginning of comment
+
+fun
+  {-
+  --since this is a structural word, maybe take it to 
+  Extend module for structural as you have done for Dict.
+  We have ahandi = at another place whic has no English equivalent.
+  -}
+  ------ Structural words
+  {-aditions-}
+  here1_Adv; -- hanu
+  here2_Adv; -- hanuuya --exactly here or here with emphasis
+  there1_Adv;  -- hariya
+  outside_Adv; -- aheeru
+  near_Adv;    --haihi
+  hare_Adv;    --far
+
+-}   --end of comment
+
+
+}

src/rukiga/ExtraStructuralAbs.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+abstract ExtraStructuralAbs = Cat ** {
+	
+  fun
+	--Pronouns additional
+	it_N_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_N_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_MA _Sg_Pron : Pron ;
+	it_KU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_BU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_BU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+	
+	it_RU_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_GU_GA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_GU_GA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron; --what do you do with this?
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron; --what would you do with this?
+
+	it_MU_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RI_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_I_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron; -- might have to remove this.
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_I_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RI_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KA_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_BAA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_ZERO_BAA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+}

src/rukiga/ExtraStructuralAbsCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+abstract ExtraStructuralAbs = Cat ** {
+	
+  fun
+	--Pronouns additional
+	it_N_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_N_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_MA _Sg_Pron : Pron ;
+	it_KU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_BU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_BU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+	
+	it_RU_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_GU_GA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_GU_GA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron; --what do you do with this?
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron; --what would you do with this?
+
+	it_MU_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RI_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_I_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron; -- might have to remove this.
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_I_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RI_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KA_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_BAA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_ZERO_BAA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+}

src/rukiga/ExtraStructuralCggAbs.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+abstract ExtraStructuralCggAbs = Cat ** {
+	
+  fun
+	--Pronouns additional
+	it_N_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_N_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_MA _Sg_Pron : Pron ;
+	it_KU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_BU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_BU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+	
+	it_RU_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_GU_GA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_GU_GA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron; --what do you do with this?
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron; --what would you do with this?
+
+	it_MU_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RI_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_I_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron; -- might have to remove this.
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_I_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RI_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KA_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_BAA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_ZERO_BAA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+}

src/rukiga/ExtraStructuralCggAbsCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+concrete ExtraStructuralCggAbsCgg of ExtraStructuralCggAbs = CatCgg ** open ResCgg {
+	
+	{-
+	lin
+	--Pronouns additional
+	
+	it_N_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_N_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_MA _Sg_Pron : Pron ;
+	it_KU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_BU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_BU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+	
+	it_RU_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_GU_GA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_GU_GA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron; --what do you do with this?
+	it_ZERO_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron; --what would you do with this?
+
+	it_MU_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RI_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_I_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KA_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_RU_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_HA_Sg_Pron : Pron; -- might have to remove this.
+	it_HA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_KU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_BI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_BI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_MI_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_MI_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_TU_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_TU_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	--it_ZERO_N_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_ZERO_N_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_I_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_I_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RI_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RI_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_MU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	it_MU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_RU_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_RU_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_KA_ZERO_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_KA_ZERO_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	it_ZERO_BAA_Sg_Pron : Pron;
+	--it_ZERO_BAA_Pl_Pron : Pron;
+
+	-}
+}

src/rukiga/GrammarCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete GrammarCgg of Grammar = 
+  NounCgg,
+  VerbCgg, 
+  AdjectiveCgg,
+  AdverbCgg,
+  NumeralCgg,
+  SentenceCgg, 
+  QuestionCgg,
+  RelativeCgg,
+  ConjunctionCgg,
+  PhraseCgg,
+  TextX -[Adv],
+  StructuralCgg,
+  IdiomCgg,
+  TenseX -[Adv]
+  ** {
+
+flags startcat = Phr ; unlexer = text ; lexer = text ;
+
+{-
+--1 Grammar: the Main Module of the Resource Grammar
+
+-- This grammar is a collection of the different grammar modules,
+-- To test the resource, import [``Lang`` Lang.html], which also contains
+-- a lexicon.
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/IdiomCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete IdiomCgg of Idiom = CatCgg **
+  open Prelude, ResCgg in {
+
+{-
+--1 Idiom: Idiomatic Expressions
+
+abstract Idiom = Cat ** {
+
+-- This module defines constructions that are formed in fixed ways,
+-- often different even in closely related languages.
+
+  fun
+    ImpersCl  : VP -> Cl ;        -- it is hot
+    GenericCl : VP -> Cl ;        -- one sleeps
+
+    CleftNP   : NP  -> RS -> Cl ; -- it is I who did it
+    CleftAdv  : Adv -> S  -> Cl ; -- it is here she slept
+
+    ExistNP   : NP -> Cl ;        -- there is a house
+    ExistIP   : IP -> QCl ;       -- which houses are there
+
+-- 7/12/2012 generalizations of these
+
+    ExistNPAdv : NP -> Adv -> Cl ;    -- there is a house in Paris
+    ExistIPAdv : IP -> Adv -> QCl ;   -- which houses are there in Paris
+
+    ProgrVP   : VP -> VP ;        -- be sleeping
+
+    ImpPl1    : VP -> Utt ;       -- let's go
+
+    ImpP3     : NP -> VP -> Utt ; -- let John walk
+
+-- 3/12/2013 non-reflexive uses of "self"
+
+    SelfAdvVP : VP -> VP ;        -- is at home himself
+    SelfAdVVP : VP -> VP ;        -- is himself at home
+    SelfNP    : NP -> NP ;        -- the president himself (is at home)
+
+-}
+  
+}

src/rukiga/LangCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete LangCgg of Lang = 
+  GrammarCgg,
+  LexiconCgg
+  ** {
+
+flags startcat = Phr ; unlexer = text ; lexer = text ;
+
+{-
+--1 Lang: a Test Module for the Resource Grammar
+
+-- This grammar is for testing the resource as included in the
+-- language-independent API, consisting of a grammar and a lexicon.
+-- The grammar without a lexicon is [``Grammar`` Grammar.html],
+-- which may be more suitable to open in applications.
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/Lexicon.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
+abstract Lexicon = Cat ** {
+fun
+  add_V3 : V3 ;
+  airplane_N : N ;
+  alas_Interj : Interj ;
+  already_Adv : Adv ;
+  animal_N : N ;
+  answer_V2S : V2S ;
+  apartment_N : N ;
+  apple_N : N ;
+  art_N : N ;
+  ashes_N : N ;
+  ask_V2Q : V2Q ;
+  baby_N : N ;
+  back_N : N ;
+  bad_A : A ;
+  bank_N : N ;
+  bark_N : N ;
+  beautiful_A : A ;
+  become_VA : VA ;
+  beer_N : N ;
+  beg_V2V : V2V ;
+  belly_N : N ;
+  big_A : A ;
+  bike_N : N ;
+  bird_N : N ;
+  bite_V2 : V2 ;
+  black_A : A ;
+  blood_N : N ;
+  blow_V : V ;
+  blue_A : A ;
+  boat_N : N ;
+  bone_N : N ;
+  book_N : N ;
+  boot_N : N ;
+  boss_N : N ;
+  boy_N : N ;
+  bread_N : N ;
+  break_V2 : V2 ;
+  breast_N : N ;
+  breathe_V : V ;
+  broad_A : A ;
+  brother_N2 : N2 ;
+  brown_A : A ;
+  burn_V : V ;
+  butter_N : N ;
+  buy_V2 : V2 ;
+  camera_N : N ;
+  cap_N : N ;
+  car_N : N ;
+  carpet_N : N ;
+  cat_N : N ;
+  ceiling_N : N ;
+  chair_N : N ;
+  cheese_N : N ;
+  child_N : N ;
+  church_N : N ;
+  city_N : N ;
+  clean_A : A ;
+  clever_A : A ;
+  close_V2 : V2 ;
+  cloud_N : N ;
+  coat_N : N ;
+  cold_A : A ;
+  come_V : V ;
+  computer_N : N ;
+  correct_A : A ;
+  country_N : N ;
+  count_V2 : V2 ;
+  cousin_N : N ;
+  cow_N : N ;
+  cut_V2 : V2 ;
+  day_N : N ;
+  die_V : V ;
+  dig_V : V ;
+  dirty_A : A ;
+  distance_N3 : N3 ;
+  doctor_N : N ;
+  dog_N : N ;
+  door_N : N ;
+  do_V2 : V2 ;
+  drink_V2 : V2 ;
+  dry_A : A ;
+  dull_A : A ;
+  dust_N : N ;
+  ear_N : N ;
+  earth_N : N ;
+  easy_A2V : A2 ;
+  eat_V2 : V2 ;
+  egg_N : N ;
+  empty_A : A ;
+  enemy_N : N ;
+  eye_N : N ;
+  factory_N : N ;
+  fall_V : V ;
+  far_Adv : Adv ;
+  father_N2 : N2 ;
+  fat_N : N ;
+  fear_VS : VS ;
+  fear_V2 : V2 ;
+  feather_N : N ;
+  fight_V2 : V2 ;
+  find_V2 : V2 ;
+  fingernail_N : N ;
+  fire_N : N ;
+  fish_N : N ;
+  float_V : V ;
+  floor_N : N ;
+  flower_N : N ;
+  flow_V : V ;
+  fly_V : V ;
+  fog_N : N ;
+  foot_N : N ;
+  forest_N : N ;
+  forget_V2 : V2 ;
+  freeze_V : V ;
+  fridge_N : N ;
+  friend_N : N ;
+  fruit_N : N ;
+  full_A : A ;
+  fun_AV : A ;
+  garden_N : N ;
+  girl_N : N ;
+  give_V3 : V3 ;
+  glove_N : N ;
+  gold_N : N ;
+  good_A : A ;
+  go_V : V ;
+  grammar_N : N ;
+  grass_N : N ;
+  green_A : A ;
+  guts_N : N ;
+  hair_N : N ;
+  hand_N : N ;
+  harbour_N : N ;
+  hate_V2 : V2 ;
+  hat_N : N ;
+  head_N : N ;
+  heart_N : N ;
+  hear_V2 : V2 ;
+  heavy_A : A ;
+  hill_N : N ;
+  hit_V2 : V2 ;
+  hold_V2 : V2 ;
+  hope_VS : VS ;
+  horn_N : N ;
+  horse_N : N ;
+  hot_A : A ;
+  house_N : N ;
+  hunt_V2 : V2 ;
+  husband_N : N ;
+  ice_N : N ;
+  important_A : A ;
+  industry_N : N ;
+  iron_N : N ;
+  john_PN : PN ;
+  jump_V : V ;
+  kill_V2 : V2 ;
+  king_N : N ;
+  knee_N : N ;
+  know_V2 : V2 ;
+  know_VQ : VQ ;
+  know_VS : VS ;
+  lake_N : N ;
+  lamp_N : N ;
+  language_N : N ;
+  laugh_V : V ;
+  leaf_N : N ;
+  learn_V2 : V2 ;
+  leather_N : N ;
+  leave_V2 : V2 ;
+  left_Ord : Ord ;
+  leg_N : N ;
+  lie_V : V ;
+  like_V2 : V2 ;
+  listen_V2 : V2 ;
+  liver_N : N ;
+  live_V : V ;
+  long_A : A ;
+  lose_V2 : V2 ;
+  louse_N : N ;
+  love_N : N ;
+  love_V2 : V2 ;
+  man_N : N ;
+  married_A2 : A2 ;
+  meat_N : N ;
+  milk_N : N ;
+  moon_N : N ;
+  mother_N2 : N2 ;
+  mountain_N : N ;
+  mouth_N : N ;
+  music_N : N ;
+  name_N : N ;
+  narrow_A : A ;
+  near_A : A ;
+  neck_N : N ;
+  new_A : A ;
+  newspaper_N : N ;
+  night_N : N ;
+  nose_N : N ;
+  now_Adv : Adv ;
+  number_N : N ;
+  oil_N : N ;
+  old_A : A ;
+  open_V2 : V2 ;
+  paint_V2A : V2A ;
+  paper_N : N ;
+  paris_PN : PN ;
+  peace_N : N ;
+  pen_N : N ;
+  person_N : N ;
+  planet_N : N ;
+  plastic_N : N ;
+  play_V2 : V2 ;
+  play_V : V ;
+  policeman_N : N ;
+  priest_N : N ;
+  probable_AS : A ;
+  pull_V2 : V2 ;
+  push_V2 : V2 ;
+  put_V2 : V2 ;
+  queen_N : N ;
+  question_N : N ;
+  radio_N : N ;
+  rain_N : N ;
+  rain_V0 : V ;
+  read_V2 : V2 ;
+  ready_A : A ;
+  reason_N : N ;
+  red_A : A ;
+  religion_N : N ;
+  restaurant_N : N ;
+  right_Ord : Ord ;
+  river_N : N ;
+  road_N : N ;
+  rock_N : N ;
+  roof_N : N ;
+  root_N : N ;
+  rope_N : N ;
+  rotten_A : A ;
+  round_A : A ;
+  rubber_N : N ;
+  rub_V2 : V2 ;
+  rule_N : N ;
+  run_V : V ;
+  salt_N : N ;
+  sand_N : N ;
+  say_VS : VS ;
+  school_N : N ;
+  science_N : N ;
+  scratch_V2 : V2 ;
+  sea_N : N ;
+  seed_N : N ;
+  seek_V2 : V2 ;
+  see_V2 : V2 ;
+  sell_V3 : V3 ;
+  send_V3 : V3 ;
+  sew_V : V ;
+  sharp_A : A ;
+  sheep_N : N ;
+  ship_N : N ;
+  shirt_N : N ;
+  shoe_N : N ;
+  shop_N : N ;
+  short_A : A ;
+  silver_N : N ;
+  sing_V : V ;
+  sister_N : N ;
+  sit_V : V ;
+  skin_N : N ;
+  sky_N : N ;
+  sleep_V : V ;
+  small_A : A ;
+  smell_V : V ;
+  smoke_N : N ;
+  smooth_A : A ;
+  snake_N : N ;
+  snow_N : N ;
+  sock_N : N ;
+  song_N : N ;
+  speak_V2 : V2 ;
+  spit_V : V ;
+  split_V2 : V2 ;
+  squeeze_V2 : V2 ;
+  stab_V2 : V2 ;
+  stand_V : V ;
+  star_N : N ;
+  steel_N : N ;
+  stick_N : N ;
+  stone_N : N ;
+  stop_V : V ;
+  stove_N : N ;
+  straight_A : A ;
+  student_N : N ;
+  stupid_A : A ;
+  suck_V2 : V2 ;
+  sun_N : N ;
+  swell_V : V ;
+  swim_V : V ;
+  switch8off_V2 : V2 ;
+  switch8on_V2 : V2 ;
+  table_N : N ;
+  tail_N : N ;
+  talk_V3 : V3 ;
+  teacher_N : N ;
+  teach_V2 : V2 ;
+  television_N : N ;
+  thick_A : A ;
+  thin_A : A ;
+  think_V : V ;
+  throw_V2 : V2 ;
+  tie_V2 : V2 ;
+  today_Adv : Adv ;
+  tongue_N : N ;
+  tooth_N : N ;
+  train_N : N ;
+  travel_V : V ;
+  tree_N : N ;
+  turn_V : V ;
+  ugly_A : A ;
+  uncertain_A : A ;
+  understand_V2 : V2 ;
+  university_N : N ;
+  village_N : N ;
+  vomit_V : V ;
+  wait_V2 : V2 ;
+  walk_V : V ;
+  warm_A : A ;
+  war_N : N ;
+  wash_V2 : V2 ;
+  watch_V2 : V2 ;
+  water_N : N ;
+  wet_A : A ;
+  white_A : A ;
+  wide_A : A ;
+  wife_N : N ;
+  wind_N : N ;
+  window_N : N ;
+  wine_N : N ;
+  wing_N : N ;
+  win_V2 : V2 ;
+  wipe_V2 : V2 ;
+  woman_N : N ;
+  wonder_VQ : VQ ;
+  wood_N : N ;
+  worm_N : N ;
+  write_V2 : V2 ;
+  year_N : N ;
+  yellow_A : A ;
+  young_A : A ;
+
+}

src/rukiga/LexiconCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete LexiconCgg of Lexicon = CatCgg ** 
+  open ParadigmsCgg, ResCgg, Prelude in {
+
+lin
+  
+  burn_V  = mkV "sya" ;
+  die_V   = mkV "fa" ;
+  fly_V   = mkV "guruka" ;
+  run_V   = mkV "iruka" ;
+  sleep_V = mkV "byama" ;
+  walk_V  = mkV "tabula" ;
+  
+  bird_N   = mkN "ekinyonyi" KI_BI ;
+  boat_N   = mkN "eryato" RI_MA ;
+  book_N   = mkN "ekitabo" KI_BI ;
+  boy_N    = mkN "omwojo" "abojo" MU_BA ;
+  car_N    = mkN "emootoka" N_N ;
+  chair_N  = mkN "entebbe" N_N;
+  cloud_N  = mkN "ekikyu" KI_BI ;
+  person_N = mkN "omuntu" "abantu" MU_BA ;
+  girl_N   = mkN "omwishiki" MU_BA ;
+  shoe_N   = mkN "ekaito" N_N ;
+  table_N  = mkN "emeza" N_N ;
+  bad_A    = mkAdjective "bi" False; --False means the adjective is a stem and comes after the complet noun
+  beautiful_A = mkAdjective "rungi" False; 
+  far_Adv = mkAdv "hare";
+  now_Adv = mkAdv "hati";
+  today_Adv = mkAdv "erizooba";
+  bite_V2 = mkV2 "ruma";
+  break_V2 = mkV2 "henda";
+  buy_V2 = mkV2 "gura";
+  close_V2 = mkV2 "kinga";
+  count_V2 = mkV2 "bara";
+  cut_V2 = mkV2 "shara";
+  do_V2 = mkV2 "kora";
+  drink_V2 = mkV2 "nywa";
+  eat_V2 = mkV2 "rya";
+  fear_V2 = mkV2 "tiina";
+
+-------------------------Differences Rukiga only--------------------
+airplane_N : mkN "endegye" N_N;
+{-
+
+abstract Lexicon = Cat ** {
+fun
+  here_Adv; --aha
+  here1_Adv; -- hanu
+  here2_Adv; -- hanuuya --exactly here or here with emphasis
+  add_V3 : V3 ;
+  airplane_N : N ;
+  alas_Interj : Interj ;
+  already_Adv : Adv ;
+  animal_N : N ;
+  answer_V2S : V2S ;
+  apartment_N : N ;
+  apple_N : N ;
+  art_N : N ;
+  ashes_N : N ;
+  ask_V2Q : V2Q ;
+  baby_N : N ;
+  back_N : N ;
+  bad_A : A ;
+  bank_N : N ;
+  bark_N : N ;
+  beautiful_A : A ;
+  become_VA : VA ;
+  beer_N : N ;
+  beg_V2V : V2V ;
+  belly_N : N ;
+  big_A : A ;
+  bike_N : N ;
+  bird_N : N ;
+  bite_V2 : V2 ;
+  black_A : A ;
+  blood_N : N ;
+  blow_V : V ;
+  blue_A : A ;
+  boat_N : N ;
+  bone_N : N ;
+  book_N : N ;
+  boot_N : N ;
+  boss_N : N ;
+  boy_N : N ;
+  bread_N : N ;
+  break_V2 : V2 ;
+  breast_N : N ;
+  breathe_V : V ;
+  broad_A : A ;
+  brother_N2 : N2 ;
+  brown_A : A ;
+  burn_V : V ;
+  butter_N : N ;
+  buy_V2 : V2 ;
+  camera_N : N ;
+  cap_N : N ;
+  car_N : N ;
+  carpet_N : N ;
+  cat_N : N ;
+  ceiling_N : N ;
+  chair_N : N ;
+  cheese_N : N ;
+  child_N : N ;
+  church_N : N ;
+  city_N : N ;
+  clean_A : A ;
+  clever_A : A ;
+  close_V2 : V2 ;
+  cloud_N : N ;
+  coat_N : N ;
+  cold_A : A ;
+  come_V : V ;
+  computer_N : N ;
+  correct_A : A ;
+  country_N : N ;
+  count_V2 : V2 ;
+  cousin_N : N ;
+  cow_N : N ;
+  cut_V2 : V2 ;
+  day_N : N ;
+  die_V : V ;
+  dig_V : V ;
+  dirty_A : A ;
+  distance_N3 : N3 ;
+  doctor_N : N ;
+  dog_N : N ;
+  door_N : N ;
+  do_V2 : V2 ;
+  drink_V2 : V2 ;
+  dry_A : A ;
+  dull_A : A ;
+  dust_N : N ;
+  ear_N : N ;
+  earth_N : N ;
+  easy_A2V : A2 ;
+  eat_V2 : V2 ;
+  egg_N : N ;
+  empty_A : A ;
+  enemy_N : N ;
+  eye_N : N ;
+  factory_N : N ;
+  fall_V : V ;
+  far_Adv : Adv ;
+  father_N2 : N2 ;
+  fat_N : N ;
+  fear_VS : VS ;
+  fear_V2 : V2 ;
+  feather_N : N ;
+  fight_V2 : V2 ;
+  find_V2 : V2 ;
+  fingernail_N : N ;
+  fire_N : N ;
+  fish_N : N ;
+  float_V : V ;
+  floor_N : N ;
+  flower_N : N ;
+  flow_V : V ;
+  fly_V : V ;
+  fog_N : N ;
+  foot_N : N ;
+  forest_N : N ;
+  forget_V2 : V2 ;
+  freeze_V : V ;
+  fridge_N : N ;
+  friend_N : N ;
+  fruit_N : N ;
+  full_A : A ;
+  fun_AV : A ;
+  garden_N : N ;
+  girl_N : N ;
+  give_V3 : V3 ;
+  glove_N : N ;
+  gold_N : N ;
+  good_A : A ;
+  go_V : V ;
+  grammar_N : N ;
+  grass_N : N ;
+  green_A : A ;
+  guts_N : N ;
+  hair_N : N ;
+  hand_N : N ;
+  harbour_N : N ;
+  hate_V2 : V2 ;
+  hat_N : N ;
+  head_N : N ;
+  heart_N : N ;
+  hear_V2 : V2 ;
+  heavy_A : A ;
+  hill_N : N ;
+  hit_V2 : V2 ;
+  hold_V2 : V2 ;
+  hope_VS : VS ;
+  horn_N : N ;
+  horse_N : N ;
+  hot_A : A ;
+  house_N : N ;
+  hunt_V2 : V2 ;
+  husband_N : N ;
+  ice_N : N ;
+  important_A : A ;
+  industry_N : N ;
+  iron_N : N ;
+  john_PN : PN ;
+  jump_V : V ;
+  kill_V2 : V2 ;
+  king_N : N ;
+  knee_N : N ;
+  know_V2 : V2 ;
+  know_VQ : VQ ;
+  know_VS : VS ;
+  lake_N : N ;
+  lamp_N : N ;
+  language_N : N ;
+  laugh_V : V ;
+  leaf_N : N ;
+  learn_V2 : V2 ;
+  leather_N : N ;
+  leave_V2 : V2 ;
+  left_Ord : Ord ;
+  leg_N : N ;
+  lie_V : V ;
+  like_V2 : V2 ;
+  listen_V2 : V2 ;
+  liver_N : N ;
+  live_V : V ;
+  long_A : A ;
+  lose_V2 : V2 ;
+  louse_N : N ;
+  love_N : N ;
+  love_V2 : V2 ;
+  man_N : N ;
+  married_A2 : A2 ;
+  meat_N : N ;
+  milk_N : N ;
+  moon_N : N ;
+  mother_N2 : N2 ;
+  mountain_N : N ;
+  mouth_N : N ;
+  music_N : N ;
+  name_N : N ;
+  narrow_A : A ;
+  near_A : A ;
+  neck_N : N ;
+  new_A : A ;
+  newspaper_N : N ;
+  night_N : N ;
+  nose_N : N ;
+  now_Adv : Adv ;
+  number_N : N ;
+  oil_N : N ;
+  old_A : A ;
+  open_V2 : V2 ;
+  paint_V2A : V2A ;
+  paper_N : N ;
+  paris_PN : PN ;
+  peace_N : N ;
+  pen_N : N ;
+  person_N : N ;
+  planet_N : N ;
+  plastic_N : N ;
+  play_V2 : V2 ;
+  play_V : V ;
+  policeman_N : N ;
+  priest_N : N ;
+  probable_AS : A ;
+  pull_V2 : V2 ;
+  push_V2 : V2 ;
+  put_V2 : V2 ;
+  queen_N : N ;
+  question_N : N ;
+  radio_N : N ;
+  rain_N : N ;
+  rain_V0 : V ;
+  read_V2 : V2 ;
+  ready_A : A ;
+  reason_N : N ;
+  red_A : A ;
+  religion_N : N ;
+  restaurant_N : N ;
+  right_Ord : Ord ;
+  river_N : N ;
+  road_N : N ;
+  rock_N : N ;
+  roof_N : N ;
+  root_N : N ;
+  rope_N : N ;
+  rotten_A : A ;
+  round_A : A ;
+  rubber_N : N ;
+  rub_V2 : V2 ;
+  rule_N : N ;
+  run_V : V ;
+  salt_N : N ;
+  sand_N : N ;
+  say_VS : VS ;
+  school_N : N ;
+  science_N : N ;
+  scratch_V2 : V2 ;
+  sea_N : N ;
+  seed_N : N ;
+  seek_V2 : V2 ;
+  see_V2 : V2 ;
+  sell_V3 : V3 ;
+  send_V3 : V3 ;
+  sew_V : V ;
+  sharp_A : A ;
+  sheep_N : N ;
+  ship_N : N ;
+  shirt_N : N ;
+  shoe_N : N ;
+  shop_N : N ;
+  short_A : A ;
+  silver_N : N ;
+  sing_V : V ;
+  sister_N : N ;
+  sit_V : V ;
+  skin_N : N ;
+  sky_N : N ;
+  sleep_V : V ;
+  small_A : A ;
+  smell_V : V ;
+  smoke_N : N ;
+  smooth_A : A ;
+  snake_N : N ;
+  snow_N : N ;
+  sock_N : N ;
+  song_N : N ;
+  speak_V2 : V2 ;
+  spit_V : V ;
+  split_V2 : V2 ;
+  squeeze_V2 : V2 ;
+  stab_V2 : V2 ;
+  stand_V : V ;
+  star_N : N ;
+  steel_N : N ;
+  stick_N : N ;
+  stone_N : N ;
+  stop_V : V ;
+  stove_N : N ;
+  straight_A : A ;
+  student_N : N ;
+  stupid_A : A ;
+  suck_V2 : V2 ;
+  sun_N : N ;
+  swell_V : V ;
+  swim_V : V ;
+  switch8off_V2 : V2 ;
+  switch8on_V2 : V2 ;
+  table_N : N ;
+  tail_N : N ;
+  talk_V3 : V3 ;
+  teacher_N : N ;
+  teach_V2 : V2 ;
+  television_N : N ;
+  thick_A : A ;
+  thin_A : A ;
+  think_V : V ;
+  throw_V2 : V2 ;
+  tie_V2 : V2 ;
+  today_Adv : Adv ;
+  tongue_N : N ;
+  tooth_N : N ;
+  train_N : N ;
+  travel_V : V ;
+  tree_N : N ;
+  turn_V : V ;
+  ugly_A : A ;
+  uncertain_A : A ;
+  understand_V2 : V2 ;
+  university_N : N ;
+  village_N : N ;
+  vomit_V : V ;
+  wait_V2 : V2 ;
+  walk_V : V ;
+  warm_A : A ;
+  war_N : N ;
+  wash_V2 : V2 ;
+  watch_V2 : V2 ;
+  water_N : N ;
+  wet_A : A ;
+  white_A : A ;
+  wide_A : A ;
+  wife_N : N ;
+  wind_N : N ;
+  window_N : N ;
+  wine_N : N ;
+  wing_N : N ;
+  win_V2 : V2 ;
+  wipe_V2 : V2 ;
+  woman_N : N ;
+  wonder_VQ : VQ ;
+  wood_N : N ;
+  worm_N : N ;
+  write_V2 : V2 ;
+  year_N : N ;
+  yellow_A : A ;
+  young_A : A ;
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/NounCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,198 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete NounCgg of Noun = CatCgg **
+  open ResCgg, Prelude in {
+
+lin 
+
+  UsePron pron = pron; -- the result of use pron is a NounPhrase
+
+  DetCN det cn = mkDeterminer det cn; --Should be nemed mkDetCN
+    {-
+    case det.pos of{ 
+                     PreDeterminer =>{s = det.s ++ cn.s!det.ntype!det.num} ;
+                     PostDeterminer=>{s = cn.s!det.ntype!det.num ++ mkNCParticles!SubjM!AgP3 det.num cn.nc + det.s}
+                   }; --use a function because code is becoming long
+    -}
+  UseN noun = noun ;
+
+  --Noun = {s : NounType=>Number => Str ; nc : NClass} ;
+  AdjCN ap cn = {s=\\ntype, num=>cn.s!ntype!num ++ ap.s!AgP3 num cn.nc; nc=cn.nc};
+
+--    Determiner: Type = {s:Str; ntype:NounType; num:Number; pos:Position}; -- type for Determier necessary for catCgg.gf
+{-
+  Need sample quatitifiers in Runynakore. Immediate, Far, Distant. so DetQuant is commented out
+-}
+--DetQuant quant num = {s = quant.s ++ num.s ; ntype = Complete ; num = num.n ; pos = PostDeterminer } ;
+
+  NumSg = {s=[]; n=Sg};
+  NumPl = {s=[]; n=Pl};
+  -- NumCard card = {...};
+
+  IndefArt = {s=[]};
+  DefArt = {s=[]} ;
+
+-- AdvCN   : CN -> Adv -> CN ;   -- house on the hill
+   AdvCN cn adv ={s=\\ntype,num =>cn.s!ntype!num ++ adv.s!(AgP3 num cn.nc); nc=cn.nc};
+{-
+--1 Noun: Nouns, noun phrases, and determiners
+
+abstract Noun = Cat ** {
+
+
+--2 Noun phrases
+
+-- The three main types of noun phrases are
+-- - common nouns with determiners
+-- - proper names
+-- - pronouns
+--
+--
+  fun
+    DetCN   : Det -> CN -> NP ;   -- the man
+    UsePN   : PN -> NP ;          -- John
+    UsePron : Pron -> NP ;        -- he
+
+-- Pronouns are defined in the module [``Structural`` Structural.html].
+
+-- A noun phrase already formed can be modified by a $Predet$erminer.
+
+    PredetNP : Predet -> NP -> NP ; -- only the man 
+
+-- A noun phrase can also be postmodified by the past participle of a
+-- verb, by an adverb, or by a relative clause
+
+    PPartNP : NP -> V2  -> NP ;    -- the man seen
+    AdvNP   : NP -> Adv -> NP ;    -- Paris today
+    ExtAdvNP: NP -> Adv -> NP ;    -- boys, such as ..
+    RelNP   : NP -> RS  -> NP ;    -- Paris, which is here
+
+-- Determiners can form noun phrases directly.
+
+    DetNP   : Det -> NP ;  -- these five
+
+
+--2 Determiners
+
+-- The determiner has a fine-grained structure, in which a 'nucleus'
+-- quantifier and an optional numeral can be discerned.
+
+    DetQuant    : Quant -> Num ->        Det ;  -- these five
+    DetQuantOrd : Quant -> Num -> Ord -> Det ;  -- these five best
+
+-- Whether the resulting determiner is singular or plural depends on the
+-- cardinal.
+
+-- All parts of the determiner can be empty, except $Quant$, which is
+-- the "kernel" of a determiner. It is, however, the $Num$ that determines
+-- the inherent number.
+
+    NumSg   : Num ;  -- [no numeral, but marked as singular]
+    NumPl   : Num ;  -- [no numeral, but marked as plural]
+    NumCard : Card -> Num ; -- one/five [explicit numeral]
+
+-- $Card$ consists of either digits or numeral words.
+
+  data
+    NumDigits  : Digits  -> Card ;  -- 51
+    NumNumeral : Numeral -> Card ;  -- fifty-one
+
+-- The construction of numerals is defined in [Numeral Numeral.html].
+
+-- A $Card$ can  be modified by certain adverbs.
+
+  fun
+    AdNum : AdN -> Card -> Card ;   -- almost 51
+
+-- An $Ord$ consists of either digits or numeral words.
+-- Also superlative forms of adjectives behave syntactically like ordinals.
+
+    OrdDigits  : Digits  -> Ord ;  -- 51st
+    OrdNumeral : Numeral -> Ord ;  -- fifty-first
+    OrdSuperl  : A       -> Ord ;  -- warmest
+
+-- One can combine a numeral and a superlative.
+
+    OrdNumeralSuperl : Numeral -> A -> Ord ; -- third largest
+
+-- Definite and indefinite noun phrases are sometimes realized as
+-- neatly distinct words (Spanish "un, unos ; el, los") but also without
+-- any particular word (Finnish; Swedish definites).
+
+    IndefArt   : Quant ;  -- a/an
+    DefArt     : Quant ;  -- the
+
+-- Nouns can be used without an article as mass nouns. The resource does
+-- not distinguish mass nouns from other common nouns, which can result
+-- in semantically odd expressions.
+
+    MassNP     : CN -> NP ;            -- (beer)
+
+-- Pronouns have possessive forms. Genitives of other kinds
+-- of noun phrases are not given here, since they are not possible
+-- in e.g. Romance languages. They can be found in $Extra$ modules.
+
+    PossPron : Pron -> Quant ;    -- my (house)
+
+-- Other determiners are defined in [Structural Structural.html].
+
+
+
+--2 Common nouns
+
+-- Simple nouns can be used as nouns outright.
+
+    UseN : N -> CN ;              -- house
+
+-- Relational nouns take one or two arguments.
+
+    ComplN2 : N2 -> NP -> CN ;    -- mother of the king
+    ComplN3 : N3 -> NP -> N2 ;    -- distance from this city (to Paris)
+
+-- Relational nouns can also be used without their arguments.
+-- The semantics is typically derivative of the relational meaning.
+
+    UseN2   : N2 -> CN ;          -- mother
+    Use2N3  : N3 -> N2 ;          -- distance (from this city)
+    Use3N3  : N3 -> N2 ;          -- distance (to Paris)
+
+-- Nouns can be modified by adjectives, relative clauses, and adverbs
+-- (the last rule will give rise to many 'PP attachment' ambiguities
+-- when used in connection with verb phrases).
+
+    
+    AdjCN   : AP -> CN  -> CN ;   -- big house
+    RelCN   : CN -> RS  -> CN ;   -- house that John bought
+    AdvCN   : CN -> Adv -> CN ;   -- house on the hill
+
+-- Nouns can also be modified by embedded sentences and questions.
+-- For some nouns this makes little sense, but we leave this for applications
+-- to decide. Sentential complements are defined in [Verb Verb.html].
+
+    SentCN  : CN -> SC  -> CN ;   -- question where she sleeps
+
+--2 Apposition
+
+-- This is certainly overgenerating.
+
+    ApposCN : CN -> NP -> CN ;    -- city Paris (, numbers x and y)
+
+--2 Possessive and partitive constructs
+
+-- (New 13/3/2013 AR; Structural.possess_Prep and part_Prep should be deprecated in favour of these.)
+
+    PossNP  : CN -> NP -> CN ;     -- house of Paris, house of mine
+    PartNP  : CN -> NP -> CN ;     -- glass of wine
+
+-- This is different from the partitive, as shown by many languages.
+
+    CountNP : Det -> NP -> NP ;    -- three of them, some of the boys
+
+--3 Conjoinable determiners and ones with adjectives
+
+    AdjDAP : DAP -> AP -> DAP ;    -- the large (one)
+    DetDAP : Det -> DAP ;          -- this (or that) 
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/NumeralCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete NumeralCgg of Numeral = CatCgg [Numeral,Digits] **
+  open ResCgg in {
+
+{-
+--1 Numerals
+
+-- This grammar defines numerals from 1 to 999999. 
+-- The implementations are adapted from the
+-- [numerals library http://www.cs.chalmers.se/~aarne/GF/examples/numerals/] 
+-- which defines numerals for 88 languages.
+-- The resource grammar implementations add to this inflection (if needed)
+-- and ordinal numbers.
+--
+-- *Note* 1. Number 1 as defined 
+-- in the category $Numeral$ here should not be used in the formation of
+-- noun phrases, and should therefore be removed. Instead, one should use
+-- [Structural Structural.html]$.one_Quant$. This makes the grammar simpler
+-- because we can assume that numbers form plural noun phrases.
+--
+-- *Note* 2. The implementations introduce spaces between
+-- parts of a numeral, which is often incorrect - more work on
+-- (un)lexing is needed to solve this problem.
+
+abstract Numeral = Cat [Numeral,Digits] ** {
+
+cat 
+  Digit ;       -- 2..9
+  Sub10 ;       -- 1..9
+  Sub100 ;      -- 1..99
+  Sub1000 ;     -- 1..999
+  Sub1000000 ;  -- 1..999999
+
+data 
+  num : Sub1000000 -> Numeral ; -- 123456 [coercion to top category]
+
+  n2, n3, n4, n5, n6, n7, n8, n9 : Digit ;
+
+  pot01 : Sub10 ;                               -- 1
+  pot0 : Digit -> Sub10 ;                       -- d * 1
+  pot110 : Sub100 ;                             -- 10
+  pot111 : Sub100 ;                             -- 11
+  pot1to19 : Digit -> Sub100 ;                  -- 10 + d
+  pot0as1 : Sub10 -> Sub100 ;                   -- coercion of 1..9
+  pot1 : Digit -> Sub100 ;                      -- d * 10
+  pot1plus : Digit -> Sub10 -> Sub100 ;         -- d * 10 + n
+  pot1as2 : Sub100 -> Sub1000 ;                 -- coercion of 1..99
+  pot2 : Sub10 -> Sub1000 ;                     -- m * 100
+  pot2plus : Sub10 -> Sub100 -> Sub1000 ;       -- m * 100 + n
+  pot2as3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ;             -- coercion of 1..999
+  pot3 : Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ;                -- m * 1000
+  pot3plus : Sub1000 -> Sub1000 -> Sub1000000 ; -- m * 1000 + n
+
+-- Numerals as sequences of digits have a separate, simpler grammar
+
+cat 
+  Dig ;  -- single digit 0..9
+
+data
+  IDig  : Dig -> Digits ;       -- 8
+  IIDig : Dig -> Digits -> Digits ; -- 876
+
+  D_0, D_1, D_2, D_3, D_4, D_5, D_6, D_7, D_8, D_9 : Dig ;
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/OverloadCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+resource OverloadCgg = Overload with (Grammar = GrammarCgg) ;

src/rukiga/ParadigmsCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,197 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+resource ParadigmsCgg =
+  open (Predef=Predef), ResCgg, CatCgg, Prelude in {
+
+oper
+
+  mkN : overload {
+    mkN : (fish : Str) -> NClass -> N ;
+    mkN : (man,men : Str) -> NClass -> N ;
+    } ;
+
+  mkV : overload {
+    mkV : (cry : Str) -> V ; 
+    } ;
+
+
+  mkN = overload {
+    mkN : (fish : Str) -> NClass -> N
+      = \fish,nclass -> lin N (mkNoun fish fish nclass) ;
+    mkN : (man,men : Str) -> NClass -> N
+      = \man,men,nclass -> lin N (mkNoun man men nclass) ;
+    } ;
+
+  mkV = overload {
+    mkV : (cry : Str) -> V
+      = \cry -> lin V (mkVerb cry) ;
+    };
+
+
+{- Note: The following is copied from the file swahili/ParadigmsSwa.gf
+
+--1 Swahili Lexical Paradigms
+
+--2 Parameters 
+--
+-- To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
+
+oper
+  Animacy : Type ; 
+
+  animate   : Animacy ;
+  inanimate : Animacy ;
+
+-- To abstract over number names, we define the following.
+
+  Number : Type ; 
+
+  singular : Number ;
+  plural   : Number ;
+
+-- To abstract over case names, we define the following.
+
+  Case : Type ;
+
+  nominative : Case ;
+  locative   : Case ;
+
+-- To abstract over nounclass names, we define the following.
+  
+  Gender : Type ;
+
+   m_wa : Gender ;
+   m_mi : Gender ;
+   ji_ma : Gender ;
+   e_ma : Gender ;
+   ma_ma : Gender ;
+   ki_vi : Gender ;
+   e_e : Gender ;
+   u_u : Gender ;
+   u_ma : Gender ;
+   u_e : Gender ;
+
+ 
+
+--2 Nouns
+
+-- Worst case: give all four forms and the semantic gender.
+
+  mkN  : (mtu,watu : Str) -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ;
+
+-- The regular function captures the variants for nouns depending on Gender and Number
+
+  regN : Str -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ;
+
+-- In practice the worst case is just: give singular and plural nominative.
+
+
+  mk2N : (mtu , watu : Str) -> Gender -> Animacy -> N ;
+  mk2N x y g anim = mkNounIrreg x y g anim ** {lock_N = <>};
+
+  mkN2 : N -> Prep -> N2 ;
+  mkN2  : N -> Prep -> N2 = \n,p -> n ** {c2 = p.s ; lock_N2 = <>} ;
+
+  mkPrep : Str -> Prep ;
+--  mkPrep p = {s = p ; c = CPrep PNul ; isDir = False ; lock_Prep = <>} ;
+  mkPrep p = {s = p ; lock_Prep = <>} ;
+
+
+--3 Relational nouns 
+-- 
+-- Relational nouns ("fille de x") need a case and a preposition. 
+
+-- All nouns created by the previous functions are marked as
+-- $nonhuman$. If you want a $human$ noun, wrap it with the following
+-- function:
+
+--  genderN : Gender -> N -> N ; 
+
+-- For regular adjectives, the adverbial form is derived. This holds
+-- even for cases with the variation "happy - happily".
+
+   regA : Str -> A ;
+
+-- If comparison is formed by "kuliko", as usual in Swahili,
+-- the following pattern is used:
+
+ compADeg : A -> A ;
+
+--2 Definitions of paradigms
+--
+-- The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are
+-- hidden from the document.
+--.
+
+  Animacy = ResSwa.Animacy ; 
+  Number = ResSwa.Number ;
+  Case = ResSwa.Case ;
+  Gender = ResSwa.Gender ;
+  animate = AN ; 
+  inanimate = IN ;
+  singular = Sg ;
+  plural = Pl ;
+  nominative = Nom ;
+  locative = Loc ;
+  m_wa = g1_2 ;
+  m_mi = g3_4 ;
+  ji_ma = g5_6 ;
+  e_ma = g5a_6 ;
+  ma_ma = g6 ; 
+  ki_vi = g7_8 ;
+  e_e = g9_10 ; 
+  u_u = g11 ; 
+  u_ma = g11_6 ; 
+  u_e = g11_10 ;
+  VForm = ResSwa.VForm ;
+
+--  regN x g anim = mkNomReg x g anim ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+
+    regN = \x,g,anim ->
+      mkNomReg x g anim ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+
+--  mkN x y g anim = mkNounIrreg x y g anim ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+  mkN = \x,y,g,anim -> 
+    mkNounIrreg x y g anim ** {lock_N = <>} ;
+ 
+-- Adjectives
+
+   regA a = compADeg { 
+         s = \\_ => (mkAdjective a).s ;
+         lock_A = <>} ;
+
+  compADeg a = 
+    {
+       s = table {
+          Posit => a.s ! Posit ;
+           _ => \\f => a.s ! Posit ! f ++ "kuliko" 
+       } ; 
+     lock_A = <>} ;
+ 
+-- Verbs
+    regV : Str -> V ;
+    regV = \enda -> mkV enda ** {s1 = [] ; lock_V = <>} ;
+
+{--
+	mkV2 = overload {
+	    mkV2 : Str -> V2 = \s -> dirV2 (regV s) ;
+	    mkV2 : V -> V2 = dirV2 ;  
+	    mkV2 : V -> Prep -> V2 = mmkV2
+	  } ;
+
+   mmkV2 : V -> Prep -> V2 ;
+   mmkV2 v p = v ** {c2 = p ; lock_V2 = <>} ;
+   dirV2 : V -> V2 = \v -> mmkV2 v "na" ;
+--}
+
+--2 Adverbs
+
+-- Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position
+-- after the verb. 
+
+  mkAdv : Str -> Adv ;
+  mkAdv x = ss x ** {lock_Adv = <>} ;
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/PhraseCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete PhraseCgg of Phrase = CatCgg ** open Prelude, ResCgg in {
+
+lin
+
+  UttS sent = sent ;
+
+  PhrUtt pconj utt voc = {s = pconj.s ++ utt.s ++ voc.s} ;
+
+  NoPConj = {s = ""} ;
+  NoVoc = {s = ""} ;
+
+
+{-
+--1 Phrase: Phrases and Utterances
+
+abstract Phrase = Cat ** {
+
+-- When a phrase is built from an utterance it can be prefixed
+-- with a phrasal conjunction (such as "but", "therefore")
+-- and suffixing with a vocative (typically a noun phrase).
+
+  fun
+    PhrUtt   : PConj -> Utt -> Voc -> Phr ; -- but come here, my friend
+
+-- Utterances are formed from sentences, questions, and imperatives.
+
+    UttS      : S   -> Utt ;                -- John walks
+    UttQS     : QS  -> Utt ;                -- is it good
+    UttImpSg  : Pol -> Imp -> Utt ;         -- (don't) love yourself
+    UttImpPl  : Pol -> Imp -> Utt ;         -- (don't) love yourselves
+    UttImpPol : Pol -> Imp -> Utt ;         -- (don't) sleep (polite)
+
+-- There are also 'one-word utterances'. A typical use of them is
+-- as answers to questions.
+-- *Note*. This list is incomplete. More categories could be covered.
+-- Moreover, in many languages e.g. noun phrases in different cases
+-- can be used.
+
+    UttIP     : IP   -> Utt ;               -- who
+    UttIAdv   : IAdv -> Utt ;               -- why
+    UttNP     : NP   -> Utt ;               -- this man
+    UttAdv    : Adv  -> Utt ;               -- here
+    UttVP     : VP   -> Utt ;               -- to sleep
+    UttCN     : CN   -> Utt ;               -- house
+    UttCard   : Card -> Utt ;               -- five
+    UttAP     : AP   -> Utt ;               -- fine
+    UttInterj : Interj -> Utt ;             -- alas
+
+-- The phrasal conjunction is optional. A sentence conjunction
+-- can also be used to prefix an utterance.
+
+    NoPConj   : PConj ;                     -- [plain phrase without conjunction in front]
+    PConjConj : Conj -> PConj ;             -- and
+
+-- The vocative is optional. Any noun phrase can be made into vocative,
+-- which may be overgenerating (e.g. "I").
+
+    NoVoc   : Voc ;                         -- [plain phrase without vocative]
+    VocNP   : NP -> Voc ;                   -- my friend
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/QuestionCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete QuestionCgg of Question = CatCgg ** open ResCgg, Prelude in {
+
+{-
+--1 Question: Questions and Interrogative Pronouns
+
+abstract Question = Cat ** {
+
+-- A question can be formed from a clause ('yes-no question') or
+-- with an interrogative.
+
+  fun
+    QuestCl     : Cl -> QCl ;            -- does John walk
+    QuestVP     : IP -> VP -> QCl ;      -- who walks
+    QuestSlash  : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl ; -- whom does John love
+    QuestIAdv   : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ;    -- why does John walk
+    QuestIComp  : IComp -> NP -> QCl ;   -- where is John
+
+-- Interrogative pronouns can be formed with interrogative
+-- determiners, with or without a noun.
+
+    IdetCN    : IDet -> CN -> IP ;       -- which five songs
+    IdetIP    : IDet       -> IP ;       -- which five
+
+-- They can be modified with adverbs.
+
+    AdvIP     : IP -> Adv -> IP ;        -- who in Paris
+
+-- Interrogative quantifiers have number forms and can take number modifiers.
+
+    IdetQuant : IQuant -> Num -> IDet ;  -- which (five)
+
+-- Interrogative adverbs can be formed prepositionally.
+
+    PrepIP    : Prep -> IP -> IAdv ;     -- with whom
+
+-- They can be modified with other adverbs.
+
+    AdvIAdv   : IAdv -> Adv -> IAdv ;    -- where in Paris
+
+-- Interrogative complements to copulas can be both adverbs and
+-- pronouns.
+
+    CompIAdv  : IAdv -> IComp ;          -- where (is it)
+    CompIP    : IP   -> IComp ;          -- who (is it)
+
+-- More $IP$, $IDet$, and $IAdv$ are defined in $Structural$.
+
+-- Wh questions with two or more question words require a new, special category.
+
+  cat 
+    QVP ;          -- buy what where
+  fun
+    ComplSlashIP  : VPSlash -> IP -> QVP ;   -- buys what 
+    AdvQVP        : VP  ->   IAdv -> QVP ;   -- lives where 
+    AddAdvQVP     : QVP ->   IAdv -> QVP ;   -- buys what where 
+
+    QuestQVP      : IP -> QVP -> QCl ;       -- who buys what where
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/RelativeCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete RelativeCgg of Relative = CatCgg ** open ResCgg in {
+
+{-
+--1 Relative clauses and pronouns
+
+abstract Relative = Cat ** {
+
+  fun
+
+-- The simplest way to form a relative clause is from a clause by
+-- a pronoun similar to "such that".
+
+    RelCl    : Cl -> RCl ;            -- such that John loves her
+
+-- The more proper ways are from a verb phrase 
+-- (formed in [``Verb`` Verb.html]) or a sentence 
+-- with a missing noun phrase (formed in [``Sentence`` Sentence.html]).
+
+    RelVP    : RP -> VP -> RCl ;      -- who loves John
+    RelSlash : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl ; -- whom John loves
+
+-- Relative pronouns are formed from an 'identity element' by prefixing
+-- or suffixing (depending on language) prepositional phrases or genitives.
+
+    IdRP  : RP ;                      -- which
+    FunRP : Prep -> NP -> RP -> RP ;  -- the mother of whom
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/ResCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,910 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+-- structure of module types i.e header which defines the type of module and 
+-- tells what other modules it inherits also known as extension(means that a module can inherit the contents
+-- of one or more modules to which new judgements are added. You can optionally inherit parts of it using 
+-- [comma separeted functions]) followed by ** and optionally an open statement(if the module type is concrete 
+-- or resource i.e open <module name>[namespace identifiers]) and then followed by a mandatory body {}
+-- opening a resource means you can use its contents without inheriting them (how I do not know)
+-- module types include:
+--    1.abstract modules
+--    2.concrete modules
+--    3.resource modules: these define parameter types and operations usable in several concrete syntaxes as general functions in lincat definitions
+-- general structure: <module type> <module name> [of <abstrcat module name if module type is concrete>] = [<extended modules[comma, separted list of objects inherited]>] [**][open <module names[namespace identifiers]> in]{body}
+resource ResCgg = ParamX ** --
+  open Prelude, (Predef=Predef) in {
+
+param
+  NounType = Complete | Incomplete ;
+  Position = PostDeterminer | PreDeterminer ;
+  Case = Nom | Acc | Gen ;
+  Agr =  AgP3 Number NClass | AgMUBAP1 Number |AgMUBAP2 Number ;
+
+  NClass = MU_BA      | -- for human beings and deity e.g. omuntu/abantu
+           KI_BI      | -- eki-tookye/ebi-tookye
+           N_N        | -- nouns that do not vary their spelling with singular and plural (normally begin with "e")
+           KU_MA      | -- okuguru / amaguru, (leave out the non plurals)okugyenda (Deverbative) / Amagyenda (Deverbative outward journey)
+           BU_MA      | 
+           RU_BU      | -- oruro / oburo
+           GU_GA      | -- ogushaija / agashaija --dimunitive
+           ZERO_ZERO  | -- nouns without initial vowel nor class syllables e.g barugu, muha, sho
+           MU_MI      | --
+           RI_MA      | 
+           I_MA       | 
+           KA_BU      |
+           KA_TU      | --dimunitive version of KA_BU belong to same noun class
+           RU_N       | -- orurimi / endimi
+           RU_MA      |
+          --those of place or location
+          HA          | 
+          MU          | 
+          KU          |
+          --aditions
+          ZERO_BU     | 
+          ZERO_BI     | 
+          ZERO_MA     | -- amate takes the concords of plural particle "ma"
+          ZERO_MI     |
+          ZERO_TU     |
+          ZERO_N      |
+          I_ZERO      | 
+          RI_ZERO     | 
+          KU_ZERO     | 
+          MU_ZERO     |
+          RU_ZERO     |
+          ZERO_BAA    |  -- human relationships
+          KA_ZERO ;      --akabi (ZERO to the right means the concords of that noun are always those of the singular as used in noun-classes KA) see KA_BU, KA_TU
+          
+
+  PersonalPronounType = SubjM | Obj  | RelSubj | RelObj |
+                          AdjPron2 | -- aAdjectival Prefixes with initial vowel with the semantics of "the" e.g. -- omuntu o-mu-rungi 
+                          AdjPron  | -- without initial vowel i.e. -- omuntu mu-rungi           
+                          --GenPron  | -- different types of pronouns
+                          GenPrep1 |
+                          GenPrep2 |
+                          GenAdj   |
+                          SStandPron ; --Self-standing pronouns
+oper
+  
+  Noun : Type ;
+  Noun = {s : NounType=>Number => Str ; nc : NClass } ;
+  
+  smartNoun : Str -> NClass -> Noun 
+    = \omuntu, g ->
+      case <omuntu , g> of {
+        -- Handling the Tone System is also another problem.
+        
+        < "o" + "mu" + stem, MU_BA > => mkNoun omuntu ("aba" + stem) g ;
+        --special cases like omwana, omwishiki, omwojo
+        
+        < "o" + "mw" + stem, MU_BA > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "aba" stem) g ; --same as mu_ba but the "u" + "a" of the stem to form mwa  
+        < "o" + "mu" +  stem, MU_MI > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "emi" stem) g ;
+        < "o" + "ru" +  stem, RU_MA > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" stem) g ;
+        < "o" + "ru" +  stem, RU_N >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "en" stem) g ; --desist from providing a singlar only but give both
+        < "o" + "bu" +  stem, BU_MA >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" stem) g ;
+        < "o" + "gu" +  stem, GU_GA >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "aga" stem) g ;
+        < "o" + ("ku" | "kw") +  stem, KU_MA >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" stem) g ;
+        < "o" +  "kw" +  stem, KU_ZERO >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ;
+        < "o" + "ku" +  stem, KU_ZERO >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "o" + "mu" +  stem, MU_ZERO >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "o" + "mu" +  stem, MU_ZERO >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "o" + "ru" +  stem, RU_BU >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "obu" stem) g ;
+        < "o" + "ru" +  stem, RU_ZERO >  => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+
+        < "a" + "ha" + stem, HA_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "a" + "ka" + stem, KA_BU > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "obu" stem) g ;
+        < "a" + "ka" + stem, KA_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+
+        < "e" + "ki" + stem, KI_BI > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ebi" stem) g ;
+        < "e" + "ki" + stem, KI_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "e" + "i" + stem, I_MA > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" "") g ;
+        < "e" + "i" + stem, I_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "e" + "ri" + stem, RI_MA > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" stem) g ;
+        < "e" + "ri" + stem, RI_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "" "") g ; -- does not exist as plural
+        < "e" + "ry" + stem, I_MA > => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ama" stem) g ;
+        -- --special cases shall be added with due course as errors are identified
+        <"e" + "ky" + stem, KI_BI> => mkNoun omuntu (combine_morphemes "ebi" stem) g ; 
+        < _ ,N_N | ZERO_MA > => mkNoun omuntu  omuntu g ;
+        --< _ ,ZERO_MA > => mkNoun omuntu  ("ama" + stem) g (Predef.drop 1 omuntu);
+        --< _ ,> => mkNoun omuntu  omuntu g (Predef.drop 1 omuntu);
+        <_ , ZERO_BAA>  => mkNoun omuntu ("baa" + omuntu) g;
+        < _ ,ZERO_ZERO > => mkNoun omuntu  omuntu g;
+        < _ ,_ > => mkNoun omuntu  omuntu g -- improve as we go on.
+    };
+
+  {- Should be taken to Ajective concrete Syntanx-}
+  mkNoun : Str -> Str -> NClass -> Noun ;
+  mkNoun child children nc 
+    = { s = table {Complete => table {  
+                        Sg => child ; Pl => children } ;
+                  Incomplete => table {
+                        Sg => Predef.drop 1 child ; Pl => Predef.drop 1 children } }; --removal of the initial vowel
+       nc = nc
+      } ;
+    mkN = overload {
+    mkN : Str -> NClass -> Noun = smartNoun ;
+    mkN : Str -> Str -> NClass -> Noun = mkNoun;
+    } ;
+
+
+  
+
+  -- combine_morphemes need the function last to get 
+  -- the last letter in a morphme.
+  -- uses Predef.length and Predef.take
+  -- Please use let so that you compute Predef.length once and use if then else
+  -- if possible
+  {-
+  last : Str -> Str ;
+  last = \ w ->
+    case (Predef.length w) of {
+        0 => [];
+        _ => Predef.drop ((Predef.length w)-1) w
+      } ;
+
+    -}
+  {-
+      This function tries to handle phonological-conditioning.
+
+      Usage: Use it whenever you are trying to combine morphemes especially in:
+      1. Pronouns
+      2. Verbs and verb Phrases.
+      3. Noun Phrases
+      3. Adjectival Phrases e.t.c
+
+      Given two morphemes A and B to combine,
+      1. compare the last letter of the first morpheme A with the first letter of the second morpheme B
+      2. Use parttern matching to obtain the right letters for the comnined word
+      
+      Source of rules:
+      1. personal experience
+      2. Morris and Kirwan Runynakore Grammar 
+      3. but we shall add more as we meet them during debugging
+  -}   
+  combine_morphemes : Str -> Str -> Str ;
+  combine_morphemes = \ f, s ->
+    case <(Predef.dp 1 f), (Predef.take 1 s)> of {
+         <"n" , "r"> => f + "d" + (Predef.drop 1 s) ;
+         <"u" , "a" | "e" | "o" | "i"> => Predef.tk 1 f + "w" + s ;
+         <"i" , "a" | "e" | "o"> => Predef.tk 1 f + "y" + s ;
+         <"n" , "b" | "p"> => Predef.tk 1 f + "m" + s ;
+         <"n" , "m"> => Predef.tk 1 f + s ; -- However, note that for pronouns, the n changes to m
+         <"n" , "h"> => Predef.tk 1 f + "mp" + Predef.drop 1 s ;
+         <"i", "i">  => f + Predef.drop 1 s ;
+         <_ , _ > => f + s
+    } ;
+  Determiner : Type = {s : Str ; ntype : NounType ; num : Number ; pos : Position } ; -- type for Determier necessary for catCgg.gf
+  
+  Pronoun : Type ={s : Str ; agr : Agr} ;
+  
+  VerbPhrase : Type = { s : Agr => Polarity => Tense => Anteriority => Str};
+  
+  VPSlash : Type = VerbPhrase ** { c : Str } ;
+  
+  Numer : Type = { s: Str ; n : Number};
+  
+  Clause : Type = {s : Polarity => Tense => Anteriority => Str};
+  
+  Adv : Type = {s : Agr => Str } ; -- check pages 116-131 of grammar book
+  mkAdv : Str -> Adv = \ s -> { s= \\ agr => s };
+  
+  ParticleForms : Type = PersonalPronounType => Agr =>  Str;
+  mkNCParticles : ParticleForms  = table {
+      SubjM => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "n" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "tu" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "wa" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "mu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "a" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "ba" ;          
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "ki" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI)   => "bi" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_N | RU_MA | RU_ZERO | RU_BU)   => "ru" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl RU_N => "zi"; --| "i"; 
+              AgP3 Sg N_N => "e";
+              AgP3 Pl N_N => "zi"; --| "i";
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO)   => "gu" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI   => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RI_MA | RI_ZERO | I_ZERO) => "ri"; 
+              AgP3 Pl (RI_MA | BU_MA | KU_MA | ZERO_MA | I_MA |RU_MA)  => "ga" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_BU | KA_ZERO | KA_TU)   => "ka" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU)  => "bu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg ZERO_BU  => "bu" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU  => "bu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg ZERO_BI  => "bi" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg ZERO_MA  => "ga" ;
+              AgP3 Pl RI_ZERO  => "ga" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KU_ZERO  => "ku" ;
+              AgP3 Pl KU_ZERO  => "ku" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_ZERO  => "gu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl RU_ZERO  => "ru" ;
+              AgP3 Sg ZERO_TU  => "tu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_TU  => "tu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_MI | ZERO_ZERO)  => "" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI  => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Pl KA_ZERO  => "" ;
+              _        => "XX" --for checking if there is some class unaccounted for   
+             };
+      {-Object particle may be used as 
+          1. a prefix: e.g mu-kwate = catch him,
+          2. an infix: o-mu-kwate   = you catch him
+
+      -}
+      Obj => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "n" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "tu" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "ku" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "ba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA => "mu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA => "ba";
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_BU | KA_BU | KA_TU | RU_BU) => "bu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "bu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI => "ki" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "bi";
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "ga" ;
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) HA => "ha";
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) => "ri" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU | KA_TU) => "ka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "ku" ;
+              {- 
+                 #comment for the following two lines
+                 the follwing partciles are all used by Noun Classes of Place i.e. HA, KU and MU
+                 We take the particle to be "ha" for all of them although noun class KU can use
+                 another particle "gi" -- see Table of Concords in Appendix of Dictionary by Mpairwe and Kahangi
+
+                 Note: The particles do not change with respect to gender
+
+                 TODO: obtain clear examples of usage
+              -}
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) (HA | MU) => "ha" ;
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "ha" ;  -- gi is also possible -- see comment above
+
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_N | RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA) => "ru" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_TU | ZERO_TU) => "tu" ;
+              
+              AgP3 Sg (N_N | ZERO_ZERO) => "gi" ; 
+             
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "gu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl  GU_GA => "ga" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl (MU_MI | ZERO_MI) => "gi" ; 
+              {-
+                  According to Mpaiwe & Kahangi in their table of concords, the particle for the plural
+                  of noun classes N_N , ZERO_ZERO , ZERO_N & RU_N can be either "i" or "zi" depending
+                  on object they refer to. 
+                  
+                  Problem:
+                  However, we cannot use the | operator in strings as GF will
+                  fail to compile to comletion. 
+                  Implication:
+                  Some of our output strings will have the wrong object particle attached.
+                  Even if the operator | worked, we would generate two versions of the linearized 
+                  string of which one would be right and the other wrong 
+                  What is the solution to this? 
+              -}
+              AgP3 Pl (N_N | ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | RU_N) => "zi" ; --some cases require use of particle "i" 
+              
+              _ => "-" -- Hopefully exhausted all forms 
+             };
+      -- who, which
+      RelSubj => table {
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "o" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "o" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "o" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "obu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_BU | KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"obu" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI  => "eki" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI)  => "ebi" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "aga" ;
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) (HA | MU) => "ha" ; -- better AgP3 _ (HA | MU) => "ha";
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_ZERO | RI_MA) => "eri" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) => "aka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "oku" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_N | RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA) => "oru" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) => "otu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl RU_N    => "ezi" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg N_N     => "ei" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | RU_N | N_N) => "ezi" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO | GU_GA) => "ogu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N ) => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (MU_MI | ZERO_MI) => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "aga" ;
+              _        => "="  -- means something forgoten i.e. debugging purposes   
+             };
+      
+      --Relative Object paticle such as whom/which found in row 13 of Table of concords in Mpairwe & Kahangi
+      RelObj => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "ou" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "abi" ; -- use of "abu" is also allowed (depending on what?) but omitted because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "ou" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "abi" ; -- use of "abu" is also allowed (depending on what?) but omitted because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA => "ou" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA => "abi" ; -- use of "abu" is also allowed (depending on what?) but omitted because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "obu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_BU | KA_BU |RU_BU) => "obu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI => "eki" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "ebi" ;
+
+              {-
+                The noun classes ZERO_MA,KU_MA,RI_MA,I_MA & BU_MA can use of Relative object particles
+                "agi" or "agu"  (depending on noun class of clause -sure? (depending on what?)) but we 
+                choose one "agi" because of compiler issues with | operator
+                
+                Qn: Any Solutions
+              -}
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "agi" ; 
+              
+              -- of place HA & MU
+              --both ahi and  "ahu" are valid particles  for noun classes HA and MU but "ahu" omitted 
+              --because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) (HA | MU) => "ahi" ; -- better AgP3 _ (HA | MU) => "ha";
+
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"eri" ;
+              -- of place KU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "ei" ;
+
+              --both aki and  "aku" are valid particles  for noun classes KA_ZERO & KA_BU but "aku" omitted 
+              --because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"aki" ;
+
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "oku" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "oru" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"otu" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "ezi" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"ei" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO | GU_GA) => "ogu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (MU_MI | ZERO_MI) => "ei" ;
+              
+              --both agi and  "agu" are valid particles  for noun classes GU_GA in plural but "agu" omitted 
+              --because of compiler issues with | operator
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "agi" ;
+              _        =>  "="  -- means something forgoten i.e. debugging purposes     
+             };
+
+      -- Adjectival Prefixes with initial vowel with the semantics of the 
+      AdjPron2 => table {
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "omu" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "omu" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA => "omu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "obu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "obu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"obu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "ebi" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "ama";
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) (HA | MU) => "aha" ; -- of place HA & MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "en" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"eri" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"aka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "eki" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "oku" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "omu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "oru" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"otu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"en" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "en" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "emi";
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "en" ;
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "ogu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "aga" ;
+              _  =>  "XXX" -- error checking for any case not catered for 
+               };
+
+      -- Adjectival Prefixes without initial vowel      
+      AdjPron => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "mu" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "ba" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "mu" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "ba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "mu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "ba" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "bu";
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "bu" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"bu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "bi" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "ma" ;
+
+              
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) (HA | MU) => "ha" ; -- of place HA & MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "n" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"ri" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"ka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "ki" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "ku" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "omu";
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "ru" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"tu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"n" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "n" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "emi" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "n" ;
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "ogu" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "aga" ;
+              _        =>  "XXX"     -- for debugging purposes
+               } ;
+      --Genetive Preposition: exclusively of (with initial vowel) 
+      GenPrep1 => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "owa" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "owa" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "owa" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "aba" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "obwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "obwa" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"obwa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "ebya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "aga" ;
+
+              
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) HA => "aha" ; -- of place HA 
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) MU => "omwa" ; -- of place MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "eya" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"erya" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"aka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "ekya" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "okwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "ogwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "orwa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"otwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"eya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "eya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "eya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "eza" ;
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "ogwa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "aga" ;
+              _        =>  "XYY"     -- for debugging purposes
+               };
+      --Genetive Preposition: simply of without initial vowel
+      GenPrep2 => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "wa" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "ba" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "wa" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "ba" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "wa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "ba" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "bwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "bwa" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"bwa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "bya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "ga" ;
+
+              
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) HA => "ha" ; -- of place HA 
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) MU => "mwa" ; -- of place MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "ya" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"rya" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"ka" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "kya" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "kwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "gwa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "rwa";
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"twa" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"ya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "ya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "ya" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "za" ;
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "gwa" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "ga" ;
+              _        =>  "XYY"     -- for debugging purposes
+            };
+      -- Genetive Adjective suffixes used to form genetive adjectives when conjugated to 
+      -- the genetive prepositions particles
+      -- examples: ekya-{ngye}= my own or mine, ekya-{itu}= our own or ours, 
+      -- ekya-{we}-your own or yours 
+      GenAdj => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg => "ngye" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl => "itu" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg => "we" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl => "nyu" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "e" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "bo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "bwo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "bwo" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"bwo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "byo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "go" ;
+
+              
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) HA => "ho" ; -- of place HA 
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) MU => "mwo" ; -- of place MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "yo" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"ryo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"ko" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI => "kyo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "kwo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "gwo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "rwo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"two" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"two" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "yo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "yo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "zo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "gwo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "go" ;
+              _ =>  "XXYY"     -- for debugging purposes 
+               } ;
+      SStandPron => table { 
+              AgMUBAP1 Sg =>"nyowe" ;
+              AgMUBAP1 Pl =>"itwe" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Sg =>"iwe" ;
+              AgMUBAP2 Pl =>"imwe" ;
+              AgP3 Sg MU_BA  => "uwe" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_BA  => "bo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_BU => "bwo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg BU_MA => "bwo" ;
+
+              AgP3 Pl (KA_BU | RU_BU) =>"bwo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (KI_BI | ZERO_BI) => "byo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_MA | KU_MA | RI_MA | I_MA | BU_MA) => "go" ;
+
+              
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) HA => "ho" ; -- of place HA 
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) MU => "mwo" ; -- of place MU
+              AgP3 (Sg | Pl) KU => "yo" ; -- of place KU
+              AgP3 Sg (I_ZERO | I_MA | RI_MA) =>"ryo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (KA_ZERO | KA_BU) =>"ko" ;
+              AgP3 Sg KI_BI   => "kyo";
+              AgP3 Sg (KU_ZERO | KU_MA) => "kwo" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (MU_MI | MU_ZERO) => "gwo";
+              AgP3 Sg (RU_ZERO | RU_BU | RU_MA| RU_N) => "rwo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_TU | KA_TU) =>"two" ;
+              AgP3 Sg (ZERO_ZERO | N_N) =>"two" ;
+              AgP3 Pl ZERO_MI => "yo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl MU_MI => "yo" ;
+              AgP3 Pl (ZERO_ZERO | ZERO_N | N_N | RU_N)  => "zo" ; 
+              AgP3 Sg GU_GA => "gwo" ; 
+              AgP3 Pl GU_GA => "go" ;
+              _ =>  "XXYY"     -- for debugging purposes 
+               }
+            } ;
+  
+  {-
+      Operation to create Noun Phrases from a Determiner and Nouns.
+      In Runyankore and Rukiga, depending on the particular Determiner,
+      it can appear before (we call PreDeterminer) or after (PostDeterminer) the noun.
+      Examples:
+        A. PreDeterminers
+            1. Definite aricles: Usually using the initial vowel sufficient
+            2. Demonstratives: ogu muntu (This person)
+            3. Every: every man = "buri muntu"
+        B. PostDeterminers
+            1. Definite aricles: Usually using the initial vowel sufficient
+            2. Demonstratives: omuntu ogu (person this)
+            3. few: omuntu mu-kye
+
+  -}
+  NounPhrase = { s : Str ; agr : Agr } ; 
+  {-This function should be renamed to mkDetCN-}
+  mkDeterminer: Determiner -> Noun -> NounPhrase = \ det, cn ->
+    case det.pos of { 
+         PreDeterminer => { s = det.s ++ cn.s ! det.ntype ! det.num; agr = AgP3 det.num cn.nc} ; 
+         PostDeterminer => { s = cn.s!det.ntype!det.num ++ mkNCParticles!SubjM!AgP3 det.num cn.nc ++ det.s; agr = AgP3 det.num cn.nc} -- There is a mistake here. If the determiner is empty, we end up with a meaningless subject particle standing alone. we can test if det.s is a string or empty. 
+         
+
+                            };
+  
+  {-
+    Operation to create scenarios in which the PRIMARY NEGATIVE MARKER
+    for the verb is used. The presence of this marker negates the semantics of the verb.
+    It is used in the PAST, Simultaneous and all other tenses.
+    NOTE: The Primary and Secondary markers are in complementary distribution
+
+    TO DO: Improve this!!!
+  -}
+  mkPol1Marker : Polarity => Tense => Anteriority => Str = table {
+    Neg => table {
+      Past => table {
+            Anter   => "" ;
+            Simul => "ti"
+        } ;
+      _ => table {
+            _   => "ti"
+      }
+    } ;
+    Pos => \\_ => \\_ => ""
+  };
+
+
+  {-
+    Operation to create scenarios in which the SECONDARY NEGATIVE MARKER
+    for the verb is used. The presence of this marker negates the semantics of the verb.
+    It is used in the PAST, Anterior only.
+    NOTE: The Primary and Secondary markers are in complementary distribution
+  -}
+  mkPol2Marker : Polarity => Tense => Anteriority => Str = table{
+    Neg => table {
+      Past => table {
+            Anter   => "ta";
+            Simul => ""
+      };
+      _ => table{
+            _   => ""
+      }
+    };
+  Pos => \\_=>\\_=> "" 
+  } ;
+
+
+  {-
+    TO DO: stop here
+  -}
+  mkTenseMarker1 : Tense => Anteriority => Str = table{
+    Past => table{
+            Anter   =>"baire";
+            Simul =>""
+      };
+      Pres => table{
+            _   =>""
+      };
+      Fut => table{
+            Anter => "ijakubá";-- | "zakubá";
+            Simul =>"ijaku"-- | "kuzaku" | "raa"
+      };
+      Cond => table{
+            _ => "kaa"
+      }
+  };
+
+  mkTenseMarker2:Tense=>Anteriority=>Str = table{
+    Past => table{
+            Anter   =>"ire";
+            Simul =>"ire"
+      };
+    Pres => table{
+          Anter   =>"ire";
+          Simul =>""
+    };
+    Fut => table{
+          Anter => "ire";
+          Simul =>""
+    };
+    Cond => table{
+          Anter => "ire";
+          Simul =>""
+    }
+  };
+  
+  mkAuxTenseMarker: Tense =>Anteriority=>Str =table {
+    Past => table {
+            Anter   =>"kaba" ;
+            Simul =>"baire"
+      };
+    Pres => table {
+          Anter   =>"baire" ;
+          Simul =>[]
+    };
+    Fut => table {
+          Anter => "ryaba" ;
+          Simul =>"ryaba"
+    };
+    Cond => table {
+          Anter => "XX" ;
+          Simul =>"XX"
+    }
+  };
+
+
+  Verb : Type ;
+  Verb = { s : Agr => Polarity => Tense => Anteriority => Str } ;
+
+  AdjectivalPhrase : Type = { s : Agr => Str } ;
+  mkAdjective: Str-> Bool -> { s : Agr=> Str } = \ a , b -> case b of {
+      True => { s = \\ agr => a } ; 
+      False => { s = \\ agr => let agrM = mkNCParticles ! AdjPron ! agr in
+          agrM + a --this is supposed to be a concatenation                              
+  }
+  };
+
+
+  Verb2 : Type = Verb **{ c : Str } ;
+  mkV2 : Str -> Verb2 = \s -> (mkVerb s) ** { c = [] } ;
+  Adjective : Type = { s : Agr => Str } ;
+  mkComp : AdjectivalPhrase -> VerbPhrase ; --comp means compula
+  mkComp comp = {
+    s = \\ agr , pol , tense, anter =>
+      let aux = mkAuxTenseMarker ! tense ! anter;  
+          p2 = mkPol2Marker ! pol ! tense ! anter;
+          s =  mkNCParticles ! SubjM ! agr
+      in aux ++ p2 + s ++ "ri" ++  comp.s!agr --why does the plus fail?
+  };
+   
+
+  mkVerb : Str -> Verb ; -- write an operation for the object marker
+  mkVerb run  = { s = \\ subjM , pol , tense , anter =>
+    let  p1 = mkPol1Marker ! pol! tense ! anter ;
+         p2 = mkPol2Marker ! pol! tense ! anter ;
+         t1 = mkTenseMarker1 ! tense ! anter ; 
+         t2 = mkTenseMarker2 ! tense ! anter ;
+         s = mkNCParticles ! SubjM !subjM
+    in 
+      case < tense , anter > of {
+        <Past, Anter> => p1 + s + t1 ++ s + p2 + run + t2;
+        <Fut, _> => p1 + s + t1 ++ p2 + run + t2;
+        _ => (p1 + s + p2 + t1 + run + t2)
+          }
+        };
+
+
+{-
+
+ Note: The following is copied from the file swahili/ResSwa.gf
+}
+
+--1 Swahili auxiliary operations.
+
+-- This module contains operations that are needed to make the
+-- resource syntax work. To define everything that is needed to
+-- implement $Test$, it moreover contains regular lexical
+-- patterns needed for $Lex$.
+
+resource ResSwa = ParamX ** open Prelude in {
+
+--For $Noun$
+
+-- This is the worst-case $Case$ needed for pronouns.
+
+  param Case = Nom | Loc ;
+
+  param Animacy = AN | IN ;
+
+  param Gender = g1_2 | g3_4 | g5_6 | g5a_6 | g6 | g7_8 | g9_10 | g11 | g11_6 | g11_10 ; 
+
+--2 For $Adjective$
+
+   AForm = AF Number Gender Animacy 
+	 | AA ;
+ 
+-- The order of sentence is needed already in $VP$.
+
+    Order = ODir | OQuest ;
+
+ --2 For $Verb$
+
+-- Verbs will take one of the five forms
+
+  param 
+	VForm = VInf
+	       | VImper Number Person
+	       | VPres Number Gender Animacy Person
+               | VPast Number Gender Animacy Person
+               | VFut Number Gender Animacy Person;
+
+	
+  oper
+
+   Verb : Type = {s : VForm => Str} ;
+
+
+   VerbForms : Type =  Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => Agr => Str ;
+
+    VP : Type = {
+    s  : VerbForms ;
+    s2 : Agr => Str
+    } ;
+
+	
+  mkV : Str -> {s : VForm => Str} = 
+     \cheza -> {
+     s = table { 
+       VInf => case Predef.take 2 cheza of { 
+    		"ku" => cheza;
+    		 _ => "ku"+cheza
+    	 };
+       VImper n p => case <n,p> of{
+		  <Sg,P2> => init cheza + "eni";
+		  <_,_> => cheza}; 
+       VPres n g anim p => Verbprefix n g anim p + "na" + cheza; 
+       VPast n g anim p => Verbprefix n g anim p + "li" + cheza ;
+       VFut n g anim p => Verbprefix n g anim p + "ta" + cheza     
+       } 
+     } ;
+
+   
+  predV : Verb -> VP = \verb -> {
+    s = \\t,ant,b,agr => 
+      let
+        inf  = verb.s ! VInf ;
+        imper = verb.s ! VImper agr.n agr.p;
+        pres = verb.s ! VPres agr.n agr.g agr.anim agr.p ;
+        past  = verb.s ! VPast agr.n agr.g agr.anim agr.p ;
+        fut = verb.s ! VFut agr.n agr.g agr.anim agr.p ; 
+      in
+      case <t,ant,b> of {
+        <_,Anter,Pos> => imper;
+        <Pres,Simul,Pos> => pres  ;
+      	<Past,Anter,Pos> => past ;
+      	<Fut, Anter,Pos> => fut ;
+      	<_,_,_> => inf
+               
+        };
+    s2 = \\_ => []
+    };
+
+  
+  Verbprefix : Number -> Gender -> Animacy -> Person -> Str = \n,g,anim,p ->
+   case <anim,n,g,p> of {
+    <AN,Sg,_,P1>      => "ni" ;
+    <AN,Sg,_,P2>      => "u" ;
+    <AN,Pl,_,P1>      => "tu" ;
+    <AN,Pl,_,P2>      => "m" ;
+    <AN,Sg,_,_>      => "a" ;
+    <AN,Pl,_,_>      => "wa" ;
+    <_,Sg,g1_2,_>   => "a" ;
+    <_,Pl,g1_2,_>   => "wa" ;
+    <_,Sg,g3_4,_>   => "u" ;
+    <_,Pl,g3_4,_>   => "i"  ;
+    <_,Sg,g5_6,_>   => "li" ;
+    <_,Pl,g5_6,_>   => "ya" ;
+    <_,Sg,g5a_6,_>  => "li" ;
+    <_,Pl,g5a_6,_>  => "ya" ;
+    <IN,_,g6,_>     => "ya" ;
+    <IN,Sg,g7_8,_>   => "ki" ;
+    <IN,Pl,g7_8,_>   => "vi" ;
+    <IN,Sg,g9_10,_>  => "i" ;
+    <IN,Pl,g9_10,_>  => "zi" ;
+    <IN,_,g11,_>     => "u" ;
+    <IN,Sg,g11_6,_>  => "u" ;
+    <IN,Pl,g11_6,_>  => "ya" ;
+    <IN,Sg,g11_10,_> => "u" ;
+    <IN,Pl,g11_10,_> => "zi"  
+   } ;
+
+
+
+
+
+  
+
+-- Auxiliary verbs have special negative forms.
+param
+    VVForm = 
+       VVF VForm
+     | VVPresNeg
+     | VVPastNeg  --# notpresent
+     ; 
+                
+--Adjectives 
+
+ oper Adj = {s : AForm => Str} ;
+
+--2 For $Quantifiers$
+-- A 3-dimensional system of quantifiers (demonstrative pronouns) based on position of object, hearer + speaker
+-- need to find linguistic term to express this
+
+   param Spatial = SpHrObj | SpHr | HrObj ;    --w.r.t object	
+
+-- Agreement of adjectives, verb phrases, and relative pronouns.
+
+oper
+  AGR = {n : Number ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy ; p : Person} ;
+  Agr : Type = {n : Number ; g : Gender ; anim : Animacy ; p : Person} ;
+  agr : Number -> Gender -> Animacy -> Person -> Agr = \n,g,anim,p -> {n = n ; g = g ; anim = anim ; p = p} ;
+
+-- For $Sentence$.
+
+ Clause : Type = {
+    s : Tense => Anteriority => Polarity => Str
+    } ;
+
+  mkClause : Str -> Agr -> VP -> Clause =
+    \subj,agr,vp -> {
+      s = \\t,a,b => 
+        let 
+          verb  = vp.s ! t ! a ! b ! agr 
+        in
+          subj ++ verb
+    } ;
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/SentenceCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete SentenceCgg of Sentence = CatCgg **
+  open Prelude, ResCgg in {  
+
+lin 
+  PredVP np vp = {s=\\pol,tense,anter => np.s ++ vp.s!np.agr!pol!tense!anter};--formation of a clause. Error for always picking third person. change to general case
+  {-creating a sentence-}
+  UseCl temp pol cl = {
+      s = temp.s ++ pol.s ++ cl.s !pol.p ! temp.t ! temp.a
+    } ;
+
+
+{-
+--1 Sentence: Sentences, Clauses, and Imperatives
+
+abstract Sentence = Cat ** {
+
+--2 Clauses
+
+-- The $NP VP$ predication rule form a clause whose linearization
+-- gives a table of all tense variants, positive and negative.
+-- Clauses are converted to $S$ (with fixed tense) with the
+-- $UseCl$ function below.
+
+  data
+    PredVP    : NP -> VP -> Cl ;         -- John walks
+
+-- Using an embedded sentence as a subject is treated separately.
+-- This can be overgenerating. E.g. "whether you go" as subject
+-- is only meaningful for some verb phrases.
+
+    PredSCVP  : SC -> VP -> Cl ;         -- that she goes is good
+
+--2 Clauses missing object noun phrases
+
+-- This category is a variant of the 'slash category' $S/NP$ of
+-- GPSG and categorial grammars, which in turn replaces
+-- movement transformations in the formation of questions
+-- and relative clauses. Except $SlashV2$, the construction 
+-- rules can be seen as special cases of function composition, in
+-- the style of CCG.
+-- *Note* the set is not complete and lacks e.g. verbs with more than 2 places.
+
+    SlashVP   : NP -> VPSlash -> ClSlash ;      -- (whom) he sees
+    AdvSlash  : ClSlash -> Adv -> ClSlash ;     -- (whom) he sees today
+    SlashPrep : Cl -> Prep -> ClSlash ;         -- (with whom) he walks 
+    SlashVS   : NP -> VS -> SSlash -> ClSlash ; -- (whom) she says that he loves
+
+--2 Imperatives
+
+-- An imperative is straightforwardly formed from a verb phrase.
+-- It has variation over positive and negative, singular and plural.
+-- To fix these parameters, see [Phrase Phrase.html].
+
+    ImpVP     : VP -> Imp ;              -- love yourselves
+
+--2 Embedded sentences
+
+-- Sentences, questions, and infinitival phrases can be used as
+-- subjects and (adverbial) complements.
+
+    EmbedS    : S  -> SC ;               -- that she goes
+    EmbedQS   : QS -> SC ;               -- who goes
+    EmbedVP   : VP -> SC ;               -- to go
+
+--2 Sentences
+
+-- These are the 2 x 4 x 4 = 16 forms generated by different
+-- combinations of tense, polarity, and
+-- anteriority, which are defined in [``Common`` Common.html].
+
+  fun
+    UseCl    : Temp -> Pol -> Cl  -> S ;   -- she had not slept
+    UseQCl   : Temp -> Pol -> QCl -> QS ;  -- who had not slept
+    UseRCl   : Temp -> Pol -> RCl -> RS ;  -- that had not slept
+    UseSlash : Temp -> Pol -> ClSlash -> SSlash ; -- (that) she had not seen
+
+-- An adverb can be added to the beginning of a sentence, either with comma ("externally")
+-- or without:
+
+    AdvS     : Adv -> S  -> S ;            -- then I will go home
+    ExtAdvS  : Adv -> S  -> S ;            -- next week, I will go home
+
+-- This covers subjunctive clauses, but they can also be added to the end.
+
+    SSubjS   : S -> Subj -> S -> S ;       -- I go home if she comes
+
+-- A sentence can be modified by a relative clause referring to its contents.
+
+    RelS     : S -> RS -> S ;              -- she sleeps, which is good
+
+---- A sentence can also be post-modified by a subjunct sentence.
+
+----    ModSubjS : S -> Subj -> S -> S ;       -- she sleeps, because she is old 
+---- cf. Adverb.SubjS
+
+--.
+
+-- Examples for English $S$/$Cl$:
+
+  Pres  Simul  Pos  ODir  : he sleeps
+  Pres  Simul  Neg  ODir  : he doesn't sleep
+  Pres  Anter  Pos  ODir  : he has slept
+  Pres  Anter  Neg  ODir  : he hasn't slept
+  Past  Simul  Pos  ODir  : he slept
+  Past  Simul  Neg  ODir  : he didn't sleep
+  Past  Anter  Pos  ODir  : he had slept
+  Past  Anter  Neg  ODir  : he hadn't slept
+  Fut   Simul  Pos  ODir  : he will sleep
+  Fut   Simul  Neg  ODir  : he won't sleep
+  Fut   Anter  Pos  ODir  : he will have slept
+  Fut   Anter  Neg  ODir  : he won't have slept
+  Cond  Simul  Pos  ODir  : he would sleep
+  Cond  Simul  Neg  ODir  : he wouldn't sleep
+  Cond  Anter  Pos  ODir  : he would have slept
+  Cond  Anter  Neg  ODir  : he wouldn't have slept
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/StructuralCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,178 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete StructuralCgg of Structural = CatCgg ** 
+  open ResCgg, ParadigmsCgg, (C = ConstructX), Prelude in {
+
+lin
+
+  every_Det = {s = "buri"; ntype=Incomplete; num=Sg; pos=PreDeterminer} ;
+  few_Det = {s="kye"; ntype =Complete; num=Pl; pos=PostDeterminer} ;
+  many_Det ={s="ingi"; ntype =Complete; num=Pl; pos=PostDeterminer} ;
+
+  i_Pron = {s = table {Nom = "nyowe"; Acc = "nyowe"}; agr = AgMUBAP1 Sg};
+  youSg_Pron {s = table {Nom = "iwe"; Acc = "we"}; agr=AgMUBAP2 Sg };
+  she_Pron = {s = table {Nom = "uwe"; Acc = "uwe"}; agr=AgP3 Sg MU_BA};
+  he_Pron = {s= table {Nom = "uwe"; Acc = "uwe"}; agr=AgP3 Sg MU_BA};
+  it_Pron = {s = table {Nom = "kyo"; Acc = "kyo"}; agr=AgP3 Sg KI_BI}; -- should form an it_Pron_NClass in extra module
+  we_Pron = {s = table {Nom = "itwe"; Acc = "itwe"}; agr = AgMUBAP1 Pl};
+  youPl_Pron ={s = table {Nom = "imwe"; Acc = "imwe"}; agr = AgMUBAP2 Pl};
+  they_Pron = {s= table {Nom = "bo"; Acc = "bo"}; agr=AgP3 Pl MU_BA};--But there are lots of other representations from other noun classes in extra module
+  behind_Prep ={s="enyuma ya"};
+  between_Prep = {s="hagati ya"};
+  to_Prep ={s="aha"};
+  in_Prep ={s="omu"};
+  on_Prep ={s="aha"};
+  from_Prep ={s="kuruga"};
+  under_Prep = {s="hansi ya"};
+
+
+
+{-variants
+    NOTE: Please add them to the abstract syntax, ask aarne 
+    or creat you own abstract Lexicon which inherits from the 
+    standard one. See how english does it. i.e. use DictCggAbs.gf for the funs.
+    and DictCgg.gf for the lins.
+
+    Actually use and extend module for Structural
+-}
+
+  {-
+        For DetQuant function to work, we need sample quatitifiers in Runynakore. Roximal, Medial, Distant
+        We need a table to provide all of these.
+  -}
+{-	
+--1 Structural: Structural Words
+--
+-- Here we have some words belonging to closed classes and appearing
+-- in all languages we have considered.
+-- Sometimes more distinctions are needed, e.g. $we_Pron$ in Spanish
+-- should be replaced by masculine and feminine variants, found in
+-- [``ExtendSpa`` ../spanish/ExtendSpa.gf].
+
+abstract Structural = Cat ** {
+
+  fun
+
+-- This is an alphabetical list of structural words
+
+  above_Prep : Prep ;
+  after_Prep : Prep ;
+  all_Predet : Predet ;
+  almost_AdA : AdA ;
+  almost_AdN : AdN ;
+  although_Subj : Subj ;
+  always_AdV : AdV ;
+  and_Conj : Conj ;
+  because_Subj : Subj ;
+  before_Prep : Prep ;
+  behind_Prep : Prep ;
+  between_Prep : Prep ;
+  both7and_DConj : Conj ; -- both...and
+---b  both7and_DConj : DConj ;
+  but_PConj : PConj ;
+  by8agent_Prep : Prep ; -- by (agent)
+  by8means_Prep : Prep ; -- by (means of)
+  can8know_VV : VV ; -- can (capacity)
+  can_VV : VV ;      -- can (possibility)
+  during_Prep : Prep ;
+  either7or_DConj : Conj ; -- either...or
+---b  either7or_DConj : DConj ;
+  every_Det : Det ;
+  everybody_NP : NP ;  -- everybody
+  everything_NP : NP ;
+  everywhere_Adv : Adv ; --ha-ona =hoona
+---  first_Ord : Ord ; DEPRECATED
+  few_Det : Det ;
+  for_Prep : Prep ;
+  from_Prep : Prep ;
+  he_Pron : Pron ;
+  here_Adv : Adv ; --hanu
+  
+
+  here7to_Adv : Adv ; -- to here
+  here7from_Adv : Adv ;  -- from here
+  how_IAdv : IAdv ;
+  how8many_IDet : IDet ;
+  how8much_IAdv : IAdv ;
+  i_Pron : Pron ;
+  if_Subj : Subj ;
+  in8front_Prep : Prep ; -- in front of
+  in_Prep : Prep ;
+  it_Pron : Pron ;
+  less_CAdv : CAdv ;
+  many_Det : Det ;
+  more_CAdv : CAdv ;
+  most_Predet : Predet ;
+  much_Det : Det ;
+  must_VV : VV ;
+---b  no_Phr : Phr ;
+  no_Utt : Utt ;
+  on_Prep : Prep ;
+---  one_Quant : QuantSg ; DEPRECATED
+  only_Predet : Predet ;
+  or_Conj : Conj ;
+  otherwise_PConj : PConj ;
+  part_Prep : Prep ;
+  please_Voc : Voc ;
+  possess_Prep : Prep ; -- of (possessive)
+  quite_Adv : AdA ;
+  she_Pron : Pron ;
+  so_AdA : AdA ;
+  someSg_Det : Det ;
+  somePl_Det : Det ;
+  somebody_NP : NP ;
+  something_NP : NP ;
+  somewhere_Adv : Adv ;
+  that_Quant : Quant ;
+  that_Subj : Subj ;
+  there_Adv : Adv ; --hari
+
+  
+  there7to_Adv : Adv ; -- to there
+  there7from_Adv : Adv ; -- from there
+  therefore_PConj : PConj ;
+  they_Pron : Pron ;
+  this_Quant : Quant ;
+  through_Prep : Prep ;
+  to_Prep : Prep ;
+  too_AdA : AdA ;
+  under_Prep : Prep ;
+  very_AdA : AdA ;
+  want_VV : VV ;
+  we_Pron : Pron ;
+  whatPl_IP : IP ; -- what (plural)
+  whatSg_IP : IP ; -- what (singular)
+  when_IAdv : IAdv ;
+  when_Subj : Subj ;
+  where_IAdv : IAdv ;
+  which_IQuant : IQuant ;
+  whoPl_IP : IP ;  -- who (plural)
+  whoSg_IP : IP ;  -- who (singular)
+  why_IAdv : IAdv ;
+  with_Prep : Prep ;
+  without_Prep : Prep ;
+---b  yes_Phr : Phr ;
+  yes_Utt : Utt ;
+  youSg_Pron : Pron ; -- you (singular)
+  youPl_Pron : Pron ; -- you (plural)
+  youPol_Pron : Pron ; -- you (polite)
+
+  no_Quant : Quant ;
+  not_Predet : Predet ;
+  if_then_Conj : Conj ;
+  at_least_AdN : AdN ;
+  at_most_AdN : AdN ;
+  nobody_NP : NP ;
+  nothing_NP : NP ;
+  except_Prep : Prep ;
+
+  as_CAdv : CAdv ;
+
+  have_V2 : V2 ;
+
+  fun language_title_Utt : Utt ;
+
+-}
+
+}
+

src/rukiga/SymbolCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,55 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete SymbolCgg of Symbol = CatCgg **
+  open Prelude, ResCgg in {
+
+
+{-
+--1 Symbolic expressions
+
+-- *Note*. This module is not automatically included in the main
+-- grammar [Lang Lang.html].
+
+abstract Symbol = Cat, PredefAbs ** {
+
+--2 Noun phrases with symbols and numbers
+
+fun
+
+  SymbPN   : Symb -> PN ;                -- x
+  IntPN    : Int -> PN ;                 -- 27
+  FloatPN  : Float -> PN ;               -- 3.14159
+  NumPN    : Card -> PN ;                -- twelve [as proper name]
+  CNNumNP  : CN -> Card -> NP ;          -- level five ; level 5
+  CNSymbNP : Det -> CN -> [Symb] -> NP ; -- (the) (2) numbers x and y
+
+
+--2 Sentence consisting of a formula
+
+  SymbS    : Symb -> S ;                 -- A
+
+--2 Symbols as numerals
+
+  SymbNum  : Symb -> Card ;              -- n
+  SymbOrd  : Symb -> Ord ;               -- n'th
+
+--2 Symbol lists
+
+-- A symbol list has at least two elements. The last two are separated
+-- by a conjunction ("and" in English), the others by commas.
+-- This produces "x, y and z", in English. 
+
+cat
+  Symb ;
+  [Symb]{2} ;
+
+fun
+  MkSymb : String -> Symb ;     -- foo [making a symbol from a string]
+
+--2 Obsolescent
+
+  CNIntNP  : CN -> Int -> NP ;           -- level 53 (covered by CNNumNP)
+
+-}
+
+}

src/rukiga/VerbCgg.gf

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+--# -path=.:../prelude:../abstract:../common
+
+concrete VerbCgg of Verb = CatCgg ** open ResCgg in {
+
+lin
+
+  UseV verb = verb ;
+
+--    UseComp  : Comp -> VP ;            -- be warm
+--VerbPhrase: Type ={s:Agr=>Polarity=>Tense=>Anteriority=>Str};
+UseComp comp = mkComp comp ; --its not generating any sentence
+
+--    CompAP   : AP  -> Comp ;            -- (be) small
+      CompAP ap = ap;
+
+--    CompNP   : NP  -> Comp ;            -- (be) the man
+      CompNP np = {s =\\agr=>
+            case np.agr of{
+                 agr => np.s;
+                 _   => []   
+            } 
+        };
+
+--    CompAdv  : Adv -> Comp ;            -- (be) here
+      CompAdv adv =adv;
+
+
+--    SlashV2a : V2        -> VPSlash ;  -- love (it)
+     SlashV2a v2 = {s=v2.s; c=v2.c};
+--    ComplSlash : VPSlash -> NP -> VP ; -- love it
+
+--   AdvVP    : VP -> Adv -> VP ;        -- sleep here
+--   VerbPhrase: Type ={s:Agr=>Polarity=>Tense=>Anteriority=>Str};
+     AdvVP vp adv ={s=\\agr,pol,tense,anter=>vp.s!agr!pol!tense!anter ++ adv.s!agr};
+{-
+--1 The construction of verb phrases
+
+abstract Verb = Cat ** {
+
+  flags coding = utf8 ;
+
+--2 Complementization rules
+
+-- Verb phrases are constructed from verbs by providing their
+-- complements. There is one rule for each verb category.
+
+  data
+    UseV     : V   -> VP ;        -- sleep
+
+    ComplVV  : VV  -> VP -> VP ;  -- want to run
+    ComplVS  : VS  -> S  -> VP ;  -- say that she runs
+    ComplVQ  : VQ  -> QS -> VP ;  -- wonder who runs
+    ComplVA  : VA  -> AP -> VP ;  -- they become red
+
+    SlashV2a : V2        -> VPSlash ;  -- love (it)
+    Slash2V3 : V3  -> NP -> VPSlash ;  -- give it (to her)
+    Slash3V3 : V3  -> NP -> VPSlash ;  -- give (it) to her
+
+    SlashV2V : V2V -> VP -> VPSlash ;  -- beg (her) to go
+    SlashV2S : V2S -> S  -> VPSlash ;  -- answer (to him) that it is good
+    SlashV2Q : V2Q -> QS -> VPSlash ;  -- ask (him) who came
+    SlashV2A : V2A -> AP -> VPSlash ;  -- paint (it) red
+
+    ComplSlash : VPSlash -> NP -> VP ; -- love it
+
+    SlashVV    : VV  -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;       -- want to buy
+    SlashV2VNP : V2V -> NP -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ; -- beg me to buy
+
+--2 Other ways of forming verb phrases
+
+-- Verb phrases can also be constructed reflexively and from
+-- copula-preceded complements.
+
+    ReflVP   : VPSlash -> VP ;         -- love himself
+    UseComp  : Comp -> VP ;            -- be warm
+
+-- Passivization of two-place verbs is another way to use
+-- them. In many languages, the result is a participle that
+-- is used as complement to a copula ("is used"), but other
+-- auxiliary verbs are possible (Ger. "wird angewendet", It.
+-- "viene usato"), as well as special verb forms (Fin. "käytetään",
+-- Swe. "används").
+--
+-- *Note*. the rule can be overgenerating, since the $V2$ need not
+-- take a direct object.
+
+    PassV2   : V2 -> VP ;               -- be loved
+
+-- Adverbs can be added to verb phrases. Many languages make
+-- a distinction between adverbs that are attached in the end
+-- vs. next to (or before) the verb.
+
+    AdvVP    : VP -> Adv -> VP ;        -- sleep here
+    ExtAdvVP : VP -> Adv -> VP ;        -- sleep , even though ...
+    AdVVP    : AdV -> VP -> VP ;        -- always sleep
+
+    AdvVPSlash : VPSlash -> Adv -> VPSlash ;  -- use (it) here
+    AdVVPSlash : AdV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash ;  -- always use (it)
+   
+    VPSlashPrep : VP -> Prep -> VPSlash ;  -- live in (it)
+
+
+-- *Agents of passives* are constructed as adverbs with the
+-- preposition [Structural Structural.html]$.8agent_Prep$.
+
+
+--2 Complements to copula
+
+-- Adjectival phrases, noun phrases, and adverbs can be used.
+
+    CompAP   : AP  -> Comp ;            -- (be) small
+    CompNP   : NP  -> Comp ;            -- (be) the man
+    CompAdv  : Adv -> Comp ;            -- (be) here
+    CompCN   : CN  -> Comp ;            -- (be) a man/men
+
+-- Copula alone
+
+    UseCopula : VP ;                    -- be
+
+-}
+
+}