diff --git a/src/german/ExtendGer.gf b/src/german/ExtendGer.gf
index a55a54a47..23f53bd18 100644
--- a/src/german/ExtendGer.gf
+++ b/src/german/ExtendGer.gf
@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
 concrete ExtendGer of Extend =
   CatGer ** ExtendFunctor
   - [ -- remove the default implementations of:
-      GenNP, GenRP, EmptyRelSlash,
+      GenNP, GenRP, EmptyRelSlash, GenIP, GenModIP,
       VPS, ListVPS, MkVPS, BaseVPS, ConsVPS, ConjVPS, PredVPS,
       VPI, ListVPI, MkVPI, BaseVPI, ConsVPI, ConjVPI, ComplVPIVV,
       ICompAP, IAdvAdv, CompIQuant, PrepCN,
@@ -37,11 +37,12 @@ concrete ExtendGer of Extend =
       } ;
 
     GenRP nu cn = {
-      s = \\gn,c => relPron ! gn ! Gen ++ cn.s ! Weak ! nu.n ! c ;
+      s = \\gn,c => relPron ! gn ! Gen ++ cn.s ! Strong ! nu.n ! c ;
       a = RAg nu.n P3
       } ;
 
-
+    GenIP ip = {s = \\gn,c => ip.s!Gen ; a = Strong} ;
+    GenModIP num ip cn = IdetCN (IdetQuant (GenIP ip) num) cn ;
 
     EmptyRelSlash slash = {
       s = \\m,t,a,p,gn =>
diff --git a/src/german/ExtraGer.gf b/src/german/ExtraGer.gf
index e7586f5ed..3aa143542 100644
--- a/src/german/ExtraGer.gf
+++ b/src/german/ExtraGer.gf
@@ -385,6 +385,4 @@ concrete ExtraGer of ExtraGerAbs = CatGer **
 		
 		-- this function is not entirely satisfactory as largely 
 		-- though not entirely duplicating mkClause in ResGer
-
-
 } 
diff --git a/src/german/QuestionGer.gf b/src/german/QuestionGer.gf
index 41bd48dfd..f5533e473 100644
--- a/src/german/QuestionGer.gf
+++ b/src/german/QuestionGer.gf
@@ -105,5 +105,36 @@ concrete QuestionGer of Question = CatGer ** open ResGer, Prelude in {
 
     CompIP ip = {s = \\_ => ip.s ! Nom ; ext = "" } ;
 
+    -- QVP (added 9/2025, HL)
+  lincat
+    QVP = ResGer.VP ;
+
+  linref
+    QVP = \vp -> useInfVP False vp ;
+
+  lin
+    ComplSlashIP vps ip = -- just as ComplSlash : VPSlash -> NP -> VP
+      let np = lin NP {s = table Bool {_ => ip.s} ;
+                       a = agrGenNum ip.a ;
+                       w = WLight ;            -- guessed
+                       rc,ext = []} ;
+          vp = case vps.objCtrl of { True => objAgr np vps ; _  => vps }
+               ** { c2 = vps.c2 ; objCtrl = vps.objCtrl } ;
+      in insertObjNP np vps.c2 vp ;
+
+    AdvQVP vp iadv = insertAdv iadv.s vp ;
+    AddAdvQVP qvp iadv = insertAdv iadv.s qvp ;
+
+    QuestQVP ip qvp = { -- just as QuestVP, with qvp as vp
+      s = \\m,t,a,p =>
+        let
+          who = appPrep qvp.c1 ip.s ;
+          cl = (mkClause who (agrGenNum ip.a) qvp).s ! m ! t ! a ! p
+        in table {
+          QDir   => cl ! Main ;
+          QIndir => cl ! Sub
+        }
+      } ;
+
 }
 
diff --git a/src/german/RelativeGer.gf b/src/german/RelativeGer.gf
index 76f03f3c7..34edfe006 100644
--- a/src/german/RelativeGer.gf
+++ b/src/german/RelativeGer.gf
@@ -18,9 +18,10 @@ concrete RelativeGer of Relative = CatGer ** open ResGer, Prelude in {
 	    } ;
           agr = case rp.a of {
             RNoAg => agrP3 (numGenNum gn) ;
-            RAg n p => case n of {Sg => AgSgP3 Neutr ; Pl => AgPl p}
-            } ;
-          cl = mkClause (rp.s ! rgn ! Nom) agr vp
+            RAg Sg p  => AgSgP3 Neutr ;
+            RAg Pl p  => AgPl p
+          } ;  -- subject may be non-nom, e.g. an dem gezweifelt wird
+          cl = mkClause (appPrep vp.c1 (rp.s ! rgn)) agr vp
         in
         cl.s ! m ! t ! ant ! b ! Sub ;
       c = Nom