diff --git a/src/french/DiffFre.gf b/src/french/DiffFre.gf
index 6e78c50cb..cbfdf81cb 100644
--- a/src/french/DiffFre.gf
+++ b/src/french/DiffFre.gf
@@ -3,7 +3,8 @@
 instance DiffFre of DiffRomance - [
   imperClit,
   invertedClause,
-  verbHyphen
+  verbHyphen,
+  iAdvQuestionInv
   ] 
   = open CommonRomance, PhonoFre, Prelude in {
 
@@ -152,6 +153,8 @@ instance DiffFre of DiffRomance - [
       _ => c1 ++ c2
       } ;
 
+    iAdvQuestionInv : Direct = DDir ;
+
     bindHyphen : Str = BIND ++ "-" ++ BIND ;
 
     CopulaType = {} ;
diff --git a/src/french/ExtraFre.gf b/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
index 1776d5644..050ee4873 100644
--- a/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
+++ b/src/french/ExtraFre.gf
@@ -20,6 +20,10 @@ concrete ExtraFre of ExtraFreAbs = ExtraRomanceFre **
       a = aagr Fem Pl
       } ;
 
+    EstcequeCl cl = {
+      s = \\t,a,p,q => "est-ce" ++ elisQue ++ cl.s ! DDir ! t ! a ! p ! Indic
+      } ;
+
     i8fem_Pron = mkPronoun
       (elision "j") (elision "m") (elision "m") "moi" "mon" (elisPoss "m") "mes"
       Fem Sg P1 ;
diff --git a/src/french/ExtraFreAbs.gf b/src/french/ExtraFreAbs.gf
index fc815e653..66cd107a1 100644
--- a/src/french/ExtraFreAbs.gf
+++ b/src/french/ExtraFreAbs.gf
@@ -13,7 +13,11 @@ abstract ExtraFreAbs = ExtraRomanceAbs - [ProDrop] ** {
 -- These also generate indirect (subordinate) questions.
 
     QueestcequeIP : IP ;    -- qu'est-ce (que/qui) 
-    QuiestcequeIP : IP ;    -- qu'est-ce (que/qui) 
+    QuiestcequeIP : IP ;    -- qu'est-ce (que/qui)
+
+-- This is needed for compositionality in library applications.
+
+    EstcequeCl    : Cl -> QCl ;          -- est-ce qu'il pleut
 
 -- Feminine variants of pronouns (those in $Structural$ are
 -- masculine, which is the default when gender is unknown).
diff --git a/src/romance/DiffRomance.gf b/src/romance/DiffRomance.gf
index 902e489c5..e9d0c055f 100644
--- a/src/romance/DiffRomance.gf
+++ b/src/romance/DiffRomance.gf
@@ -59,6 +59,9 @@ interface DiffRomance = open CommonRomance, Prelude in {
   oper serCopula : CopulaType ;
   oper estarCopula : CopulaType ;
 
+-- To decide if adverbial questions are inverted
+
+  oper iAdvQuestionInv : Direct = DInv ; -- except Fre
 
 --2 Constants that must derivatively depend on language
 
diff --git a/src/romance/QuestionRomance.gf b/src/romance/QuestionRomance.gf
index dde149fc5..9cf5e2c05 100644
--- a/src/romance/QuestionRomance.gf
+++ b/src/romance/QuestionRomance.gf
@@ -38,8 +38,8 @@ incomplete concrete QuestionRomance of Question =
       s = \\t,a,p,q => 
             let 
               ord = case q of {
-                QDir   => DInv ;
-                QIndir => DInv 
+                QDir   => iAdvQuestionInv ;
+                QIndir => iAdvQuestionInv 
               } ;
               cls = cl.s ! ord ! t ! a ! p ! Indic ;
               why = iadv.s
diff --git a/src/scandinavian/PhraseScand.gf b/src/scandinavian/PhraseScand.gf
index f0376a96a..57da4bedd 100644
--- a/src/scandinavian/PhraseScand.gf
+++ b/src/scandinavian/PhraseScand.gf
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ incomplete concrete PhraseScand of Phrase =
 
     UttIP ip = {s = ip.s ! nominative} ; --- Acc also
     UttIAdv iadv = iadv ;
-    UttNP np = {s = np.s ! accusative} ;
+    UttNP np = {s = np.s ! nominative} ;
     UttVP vp = {s = infMark ++ infVP vp (agrP3 Utr Sg)} ;
     UttAdv adv = adv ;
     UttCN n = {s = n.s ! Sg ! DIndef ! Nom} ;