diff --git a/src/japanese/NounJpn.gf b/src/japanese/NounJpn.gf
index 0c4ad21a5..83852b349 100644
--- a/src/japanese/NounJpn.gf
+++ b/src/japanese/NounJpn.gf
@@ -11,16 +11,15 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
             True => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.counter ++ det.postpositive
                     ++ "の" ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st ;
             False => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.counter ++ det.postpositive
-                    ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st
             } ;
           False => case <det.tenPlus, cn.counterTsu> of {
-            <True, True> => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ "個" ++ det.postpositive 
+            <True, True> => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ "個" ++ det.postpositive
                             ++ "の" ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st ;
-             _ => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.counter ++ det.postpositive 
-                  ++ "の" ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st 
-            } 
+             _ => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.counter ++ det.postpositive
+                  ++ "の" ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st
+            }
           } ;
-        False => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st 
+        False => cn.object ! st ++ det.quant ! st ++ det.num ++ cn.s ! det.n ! st
         } ;
       prepositive = cn.prepositive ;
       needPart = True ;
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       meaning = SomeoneElse ;
       anim = cn.anim
       } ;
-      
+
     UsePN pn = {
       s = \\st => pn.s ! st ;
       prepositive = \\st => [] ;
@@ -40,7 +39,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       meaning = SomeoneElse ;
       anim = pn.anim
     } ;
-    
+
     UsePron pron = {
       s = pron.s ;
       prepositive = \\st => [] ;
@@ -52,7 +51,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
         } ;
       anim = pron.anim
       } ;
-    
+
     PredetNP p np = {
       s = \\st => p.s ++ np.s ! st ;
       prepositive = np.prepositive ;
@@ -64,7 +63,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       meaning = np.meaning ;
       anim = np.anim
       } ;
-      
+
     PPartNP np v2 = np ** {
       s = \\st => v2.pass ! Plain ! TPast ! Pos ++ np.s ! st ;
       } ;
@@ -72,20 +71,20 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
     AdvNP np adv = np ** {
       s = \\st => case adv.prepositive of {
         True => np.s ! st ;
-        False => adv.s ! st ++ np.s ! st 
+        False => adv.s ! st ++ np.s ! st
         } ;
       prepositive = \\st => case adv.prepositive of {
         True => adv.s ! st ;
-        False => [] 
-        } 
+        False => []
+        }
       } ;
 
     ExtAdvNP = AdvNP ;
-    
+
     RelNP np rs = np ** {
-      s = \\st => rs.s ! np.anim ! st ++ np.s ! st 
+      s = \\st => rs.s ! np.anim ! st ++ np.s ! st
       } ;
-    
+
     DetNP det = {
       s = det.sp ;
       prepositive = \\st => [] ;
@@ -97,7 +96,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       meaning = SomeoneElse ;
       anim = Inanim   -- not always, depends on the context
       } ;
-    
+
     DetQuant quant num = {
       quant = quant.s ;
       postpositive = num.postpositive ;
@@ -114,7 +113,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       no = quant.no ;
       tenPlus = num.tenPlus
       } ;
-      
+
     DetQuantOrd quant num ord = {
       quant = \\st => quant.s ! st ++ ord.attr ;
       postpositive = num.postpositive ;
@@ -133,15 +132,15 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       } ;
 
     NumSg = mkNum "" Sg ;
-    
+
     NumPl = mkNum "" Pl ;
-    
+
     NumCard card = card ** {inclCard = True} ;
-    
+
     NumDigits num = num ** {postpositive = []} ;
-    
+
     NumNumeral num = num ** {postpositive = []} ;
-    
+
     AdNum adn card = case adn.postposition of {
       True => {
         s = card.s ;
@@ -154,11 +153,11 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
         postpositive = [] ;
         n = card.n ;
         tenPlus = card.tenPlus
-        } 
+        }
       } ;
-    
+
     OrdDigits, OrdNumeral = mkOrd ; -- "banme"
-      
+
     OrdSuperl a = {
       pred = \\st,t,p => "一番" ++ a.pred ! st ! t ! p ;  -- "ichiban"
       attr = "一番" ++ a.attr ;
@@ -176,11 +175,11 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       adv = \\p => n.s ++ "番" ++ a.adv ! p ;
       dropNaEnging = n.s ++ "番" ++ a.dropNaEnging
       } ;
-    
+
     IndefArt = {s = \\st => "" ; sp = \\st => "何か" ; no = False} ;
-    
+
     DefArt = {s = \\st => "" ; sp = \\st => "これ" ; no = False} ;
-    
+
     MassNP cn = {
       s = \\st => cn.object ! st ++ cn.s ! Pl ! st ;
       prepositive = cn.prepositive ;
@@ -189,40 +188,40 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
       meaning = SomeoneElse ;
       anim = cn.anim
       } ;
-    
+
     PossPron pron = {
       s, sp = \\st => pron.s ! st ++ "の" ;
       no = False
       } ;
-    
+
     UseN n = n ** {
       object = \\st => [] ;
       prepositive = \\st => [] ;
       hasAttr = False ;
       } ;
-      
+
     ComplN2 n2 np = n2 ** {
       object = \\st => n2.object ! st ++ np.s ! st ++ n2.prep ;
       prepositive = np.prepositive ;
       hasAttr = False ;
       } ;
-      
+
     ComplN3 n3 np = n3 ** {
       object = \\st => np.s ! st ++ n3.prep1 ;
       prepositive = np.prepositive ;
       prep = n3.prep2 ;
       } ;
-      
+
     UseN2 n2 = n2 ** {
       prepositive = \\st => [] ;
       hasAttr = False ;
       } ;
-      
+
     Use2N3 n3 = n3 ** {
       object = \\st => [] ;
       prep = n3.prep1 ;
       } ;
-    
+
     Use3N3 n3 = n3 ** {
       object = \\st => [] ;
       prep = n3.prep2 ;
@@ -231,7 +230,7 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
     AdjCN ap cn = cn ** {
       s = \\n,st => case cn.hasAttr of {
         False => ap.attr ! st ++ cn.s ! n ! st ;
-        True => ap.te ! st ! Pos ++ cn.s ! n ! st 
+        True => ap.te ! st ! Pos ++ cn.s ! n ! st
         } ;
       hasAttr = True ;
       } ;
@@ -239,29 +238,29 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
     RelCN cn rs = cn ** {
       object = \\st => rs.s ! cn.anim ! st ++ cn.object ! st ;
       } ;
-                                  
+
     AdvCN cn adv = cn ** {
       object = \\st => case adv.prepositive of {
         True => cn.object ! st ;
-        False => adv.s ! st ++ cn.object ! st 
+        False => adv.s ! st ++ cn.object ! st
         } ;
       prepositive = \\st => case adv.prepositive of {
         True => adv.s ! st ;
         False => []
         } ;
       } ;
-      
+
     SentCN cn sc = cn ** {
       object = \\st => sc.s ! Ga ! st ++ cn.object ! st ;
       } ;
-    
+
     ApposCN cn np = cn ** {
       s = \\n,st => np.s ! st ++ cn.s ! n ! st ;
       } ;
 
     PossNP cn np = cn ** {     -- house of Paris, house of mine
       s = \\n,st => np.s ! st ++ "の" ++ cn.s ! n ! st ;
-      } ;      
+      } ;
 
     PartNP = PossNP ;
 
@@ -277,13 +276,13 @@ flags coding = utf8 ;
     AdjDAP dap ap = lin Det {
       quant = \\st => dap.quant ! st ++ ap.prepositive ! st ++ ap.attr ! st ;
       num = dap.num ;
-      postpositive = dap.postpositive ; 
-      n = dap.n ; 
-      inclCard = dap.inclCard ; 
+      postpositive = dap.postpositive ;
+      n = dap.n ;
+      inclCard = dap.inclCard ;
       sp = \\st => dap.sp ! st ++ ap.prepositive ! st ++ ap.attr ! st ;
-      no = dap.no ; 
-      tenPlus = dap.tenPlus    
-      } ;  
+      no = dap.no ;
+      tenPlus = dap.tenPlus
+      } ;
 
     DetDAP det = det ;
 }
diff --git a/src/japanese/ParadigmsJpn.gf b/src/japanese/ParadigmsJpn.gf
index 445f05105..e6270cd01 100644
--- a/src/japanese/ParadigmsJpn.gf
+++ b/src/japanese/ParadigmsJpn.gf
@@ -18,17 +18,17 @@ oper
   mkN = overload {
     mkN : (man : Str) -> N -- Inanimate noun. Counter is つ and not replaceable.
       = \n -> lin N (regNoun n Inanim "つ" False True) ;  ---- AR 15/11/2014
-    mkN : (man : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> N -- Animacy given as argument. Counter is つ and not replaceable.
+    mkN : (man : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> N -- Animacy given as argument. Counter is つ and doesn't replace the noun.
       = \n,a -> lin N (regNoun n a "つ" False True) ;
-    mkN : (kane,okane : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> N -- Style variation (plain, respectful) and animacy given. Counter is つ and not replaceable.
+    mkN : (kane,okane : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> N -- Style variation (plain, respectful) and animacy given. Counter is つ and doesn't replace the noun.
       = \kane,okane,a -> lin N (styleNoun kane okane a "つ" False True) ;
-    mkN : (man : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> N -- No style variation. Arguments are animacy, counter and whether counter is replaceable.
+    mkN : (man : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> N -- No style variation. Arguments are animacy, counter and whether counter replaces the noun.
       = \n,a,c,b -> lin N (regNoun n a c b False) ;
     mkN : (man : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> (men : Str) -> N -- Like previous, but unpredictable plural.
       = \n,a,c,b,pl -> lin N (numberNoun n a c b pl False) ;
-    mkN : (kane,okane : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> N -- Style variation, animacy, counter and whether counter is replaceable.
+    mkN : (kane,okane : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> N -- Style variation, animacy, counter and whether counter replaces the noun.
       = \kane,okane,a,c,b -> lin N (styleNoun kane okane a c b False) ;
-    mkN : (tsuma,okusan : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> (tsumatachi : Str) -> N  -- Worst case paradigm: style variation, animacy, counter, whether counter is replaceable and unpredictable plural.
+    mkN : (tsuma,okusan : Str) -> (anim : Animacy) -> (counter : Str) -> (counterReplace : Bool) -> (tsumatachi : Str) -> N  -- Worst case paradigm: style variation, animacy, counter, whether counter replaces the noun and unpredictable plural.
       = \tsuma,okusan,a,c,b,tsumatachi ->
              lin N (mkNoun tsuma okusan tsumatachi tsumatachi a c b False)
     } ;