diff --git a/resource/abstract/Rules.gf b/resource/abstract/Rules.gf
index d210f42f4..fe44038d5 100644
--- a/resource/abstract/Rules.gf
+++ b/resource/abstract/Rules.gf
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ fun
   IntSlash   : IP -> Slash -> QCl ;         -- "whom does John see"
   QuestAdv   : IAdv -> Cl -> QCl ;          -- "why do you walk"
 
-  PosImpVP, NegImpVP : VPI -> Imp ;         -- "(don't) be a man"
+  PosImpVP, NegImpVP : VCl -> Imp ;         -- "(don't) be a man"
 
 ----rename these ??
   IndicPhrase : S -> Phr ;                  -- "I walk."
diff --git a/resource/english/SyntaxEng.gf b/resource/english/SyntaxEng.gf
index 008669c72..758571544 100644
--- a/resource/english/SyntaxEng.gf
+++ b/resource/english/SyntaxEng.gf
@@ -1278,13 +1278,13 @@ oper
 
   Imperative = SS1 Number ;
 
-  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \b,walk -> 
+  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbClause -> Imperative = \b,walk -> 
     {s = \\n => 
        let 
          a = toAgr n P2 human ;
          dont = if_then_Str b [] "don't" 
        in
-       dont ++ walk.s ! VIInfinit ! a
+       dont ++ walk.s ! b ! Simul ! VIInfinit ! a
     } ;
 
   imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I ->
diff --git a/resource/finnish/CategoriesFin.gf b/resource/finnish/CategoriesFin.gf
index 283bb27f3..0d90e7081 100644
--- a/resource/finnish/CategoriesFin.gf
+++ b/resource/finnish/CategoriesFin.gf
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ lincat
 
   V      = Verb1 ; 
       -- = {s : VForm => Str}
-----  VP     = {s,s2 : Bool => SForm => Agr => Str ; isAux : Bool} ;
-  VPI    = {s : Bool => VIForm => Str ; sc : Case} ; 
+  VPI    = {s :                        VIForm => Number => Str ; sc : Case} ; 
+  VCl    = {s : Bool => Anteriority => VIForm => Number => Str ; sc : Case} ; 
 -----  VP     = Verb ** {s2 : VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ;
 ----  VG     = {s,s2 : Bool => VForm => Str ; c : ComplCase} ;
   V2     = TransVerb ;
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ lincat
 
   TP     = {s : Str ; b : Bool ; t : Tense ; a : Anteriority} ; --- the Str field is dummy
   Tense  = {s : Str ; t : Tense} ;
+  Pol    = {s : Str ; p : Bool} ;
   Ant    = {s : Str ; a : Anteriority} ;
 
   PP     = {s : Str} ;
diff --git a/resource/finnish/RulesFin.gf b/resource/finnish/RulesFin.gf
index 96a1d8bf1..9793aea8d 100644
--- a/resource/finnish/RulesFin.gf
+++ b/resource/finnish/RulesFin.gf
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ lin
 
   DetNP = detNounPhrase ;
   NDetNP = numDetNounPhrase ;
-----  NDetNum = justNumDetNounPhrase ; 
+  NDetNum d n = numDetNounPhrase d n emptyCommNounPhrase ; 
   MassNP = partNounPhrase singular ;
 
   AppN2 = appFunComm ;
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ lin
 
 ----  ComplA2S = predAdjSent2 ;
 
-----  AdjPart = adjPastPart ;
+  AdjPart verb = {s = \\a => verb.s ! PastPartPass a} ;
 
 ----  UseV2V x = verb2aux x ** {isAux = False} ;
 
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ lin
 
   UseCl  tp cl = {s = tp.s ++ cl.s ! tp.b ! VFinite SDecl  tp.t tp.a} ;
   UseQCl tp cl = {s = tp.s ++ cl.s ! tp.b ! VFinite SQuest tp.t tp.a} ;
-----  UseRCl tp cl = {s = \\a => tp.s ++ cl.s ! tp.b ! VFinite tp.t tp.a ! a} ;
+  UseRCl tp cl = {s = \\n => tp.s ++ cl.s ! tp.b ! VFinite SDecl  tp.t tp.a ! n} ;
 
   PosTP t a = {s = t.s ++ a.s ; b = True  ; t = t.t ; a = a.a} ;
   NegTP t a = {s = t.s ++ a.s ; b = False ; t = t.t ; a = a.a} ;
@@ -101,6 +101,9 @@ lin
   TPast        = {s = [] ; t = Past} ;
   TFuture      = {s = [] ; t = Future} ;
   TConditional = {s = [] ; t = Conditional} ;
+  PPos         = {s = [] ; p = True} ;
+  PNeg         = {s = [] ; p = False} ;
+
 
   ASimul = {s = [] ; a = Simul} ;
   AAnter = {s = [] ; a = Anter} ;
diff --git a/resource/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf b/resource/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf
index 360958dec..df6dcb1a6 100644
--- a/resource/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf
+++ b/resource/finnish/SyntaxFin.gf
@@ -42,6 +42,8 @@ oper
 
   CommNounPhrase = {s : Bool => Number => Case =>  Str ; g : Gender} ;
 
+  emptyCommNounPhrase : CommNounPhrase = {s = \\_,_,_ => [] ; g = NonHuman} ;
+
   noun2CommNounPhrase : CommNoun -> CommNounPhrase = \man ->
     useCN man ** {g = man.g} ;
 
@@ -323,7 +325,6 @@ oper
   adj2adjPhrase : Adjective -> AdjPhrase = \uusi -> 
     {s = \\_ => uusi.s} ;
 
-
 --3 Comparison adjectives
 --
 -- Each of the comparison forms has a characteristic use:
@@ -503,8 +504,8 @@ oper
   SType = SDecl | SQuest ;
 
   VIForm = 
-     VIInfinit Anteriority
-   | VIImperat Number
+     VIInfinit
+   | VIImperat
    | VIInf3Iness
    | VIInf3Elat
    | VIInf3Illat
@@ -517,7 +518,8 @@ oper
 
   oper
   Clause : Type = {s : Bool => SForm => Str} ;
-  VerbPhraseInf : Type = {s : Bool => VIForm => Str ; sc : Case} ;
+  VerbPhraseInf : Type = {s :                        VIForm => Number => Str ; sc : Case} ;
+  VerbClauseInf : Type = {s : Bool => Anteriority => VIForm => Number => Str ; sc : Case} ;
 
   Sats : Type = {
     subj : Str ;
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@ oper
       } ;
     obj  : Bool => SVIForm => Str ;
     comp : Str ;
-    vpi  : VerbPhraseInf
+    vpi  : Bool => VerbPhraseInf
     } ;
 
   sats2clause : Sats -> Clause = \sats -> 
@@ -546,7 +548,8 @@ oper
        }
     } ;
 
-  sats2verbPhrase : {s : Str ; a : Anteriority} -> Sats -> VerbPhraseInf = \a,sats -> 
+{-
+  sats2verbClause : {s : Str ; a : Anteriority} -> Sats -> VerbPhraseInf = \a,sats -> 
     {s = \\b,vi => 
      let
        inf  = sats.vpi.s ! b ! vi ;
@@ -556,7 +559,7 @@ oper
      a.s ++ inf ++ obj ++ comp ;
      sc = sats.vpi.sc
     } ;
-
+-}
   questPart : Str -> Str = \s -> glueParticle s "ko" ; --- "kö"
 
   mkSats : NounPhrase -> Verb1 -> Sats = \subj,verb ->
@@ -572,12 +575,12 @@ oper
      pred = \\b,sf => vi b (SCl sf) ;
      obj = \\_,_ => [] ;
      comp = [] ;
-     vpi  = {
-       s = \\b,f => let vp = vi b (SVI f) in vp.fin ++ vp.inf ; 
+     vpi  = \\b => {
+       s = \\f,n => let vp = vi b (SVI f) in vp.fin ++ vp.inf ; 
        sc = sc
        }
     } ;
-
+{- ----
   progressiveSats : NounPhrase -> VerbPhraseInf -> Sats = \subj,vp ->
     let 
       np = case vp.sc of {
@@ -590,12 +593,12 @@ oper
      pred = \\b,sf => vi b (SCl sf) ;
      obj  = \\_,_ => [] ;
      comp = vp.s ! True ! VIInf3Iness ;
-     vpi  = {
-       s = \\b,f => let vv = vi b (SVI f) in vv.fin ++ vv.inf ; 
+     vpi  = \\b => {
+       s = \\f => let vv = vi b (SVI f) in vv.fin ++ vv.inf ; 
        sc = Nom
        }
     } ;
-
+-}
   mkSatsObject : NounPhrase -> TransVerb -> NounPhrase -> Sats = \subj,verb,obj ->
     insertObject (mkSats subj verb) verb.c verb.s3 verb.p obj ;
 
@@ -691,7 +694,7 @@ oper
       SCl (VFinite _ Conditional a) => ei a   (Cond n p) (Cond Sg P3) ;
       SCl (VFinite _ Present     a) => ei a   (Pres n p) (Imper Sg) ;
       SCl (VFinite _ Future      a) => fut a  (Pres n p) (Imper Sg) ;
-      SVI (VIImperat n            ) => älä n ;
+      SVI (VIImperat              ) => älä n ;
       SVI i                         => inf i Simul ---- Anter
       } ;
 
@@ -1133,8 +1136,8 @@ oper
 
   Imperative = SS1 Number ;
 
-  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbPhraseInf -> Imperative = \b,ui -> 
-    {s = \\n => ui.s ! b ! VIImperat n} ;
+  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbClauseInf -> Imperative = \b,ui -> 
+    {s = ui.s ! b ! Simul ! VIImperat} ;
 
   imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I ->
     ss (I.s ! n ++ exclPunct) ;
diff --git a/resource/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf b/resource/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf
index 4eb49fa50..17d8e8d80 100644
--- a/resource/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf
+++ b/resource/romance/SyntaxRomance.gf
@@ -927,8 +927,8 @@ oper
 
   Imperative = {s : Gender => Number => Str} ;
 
-  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \b,dormir -> 
-    {s = \\g,n => dormir.s ! VIImperat b n ! g ! n ! P2
+  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbClause -> Imperative = \b,dormir -> 
+    {s = \\g,n => dormir.s ! b ! Simul ! VIImperat b n ! g ! n ! P2
     } ;
 
   imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I ->
diff --git a/resource/scandinavian/SyntaxScand.gf b/resource/scandinavian/SyntaxScand.gf
index 36eec3a13..1161b3ffb 100644
--- a/resource/scandinavian/SyntaxScand.gf
+++ b/resource/scandinavian/SyntaxScand.gf
@@ -1427,9 +1427,9 @@ oper
 
   Imperative = {s : Number => Str} ;
 
-  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbPhrase -> Imperative = \b,titta -> 
+  imperVerbPhrase : Bool -> VerbClause -> Imperative = \b,titta -> 
     {s = \\n => 
-       titta.s ! VIImperat b ! utrum ! n ! P2
+       titta.s ! b ! Simul ! VIImperat b ! utrum ! n ! P2
     } ;
 
   imperUtterance : Number -> Imperative -> Utterance = \n,I ->