Add new Android voice translator sample app

This adds a simple voice translator Android app that uses
the JNI bindings to the PGF C runtime.

Caveats:

- Since the C runtime doesn't compile for Android right now,
  I've bundled an old copy, along with its Java bindings.
  That should be removed once the C runtime compiels for Android
  again.

- Adding an automated build would be nice.

- Replacing the grammar requires editing a Java file, that should 
  really be more dynamic.

src/ui/android/.classpath

@@ -3,11 +3,7 @@
 	<classpathentry kind="src" path="src"/>
 	<classpathentry kind="src" path="gen"/>
 	<classpathentry kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.ANDROID_FRAMEWORK"/>
-	<classpathentry exported="true" kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.LIBRARIES">
-		<attributes>
-			<attribute name="org.eclipse.jdt.launching.CLASSPATH_ATTR_LIBRARY_PATH_ENTRY" value="jni"/>
-		</attributes>
-	</classpathentry>
+	<classpathentry exported="true" kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.LIBRARIES"/>
 	<classpathentry exported="true" kind="con" path="com.android.ide.eclipse.adt.DEPENDENCIES"/>
 	<classpathentry kind="output" path="bin/classes"/>
 </classpath>

src/ui/android/.project

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
 <projectDescription>
-	<name>GFTranslator</name>
+	<name>GFVoiceExample</name>
 	<comment></comment>
 	<projects>
 	</projects>

src/ui/android/AndroidManifest.xml

@@ -2,19 +2,21 @@
 <manifest xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
     package="org.grammaticalframework.ui.android"
     android:versionCode="1"
-    android:versionName="1.0">
+    android:versionName="1.0" >
 
     <uses-sdk
         android:minSdkVersion="8"
-        android:targetSdkVersion="8" />
+        android:targetSdkVersion="18" />
+
+    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RECORD_AUDIO" />
 
     <application
         android:allowBackup="true"
         android:icon="@drawable/ic_launcher"
         android:label="@string/app_name"
-        android:theme="@style/AppTheme">
+        android:theme="@style/AppTheme" >
         <activity
-            android:name="org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.MainActivity"
+            android:name=".MainActivity"
             android:label="@string/app_name" >
             <intent-filter>
                 <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" />

src/ui/android/README

@@ -0,0 +1,66 @@
+= Overview =
+
+This directory contains a sample Android app tht uses
+the Android speech recognition and TTS APIs along with
+JNI bindings to the C PGF runtime to implement a simple
+speech translation app.
+
+
+= Requirements =
+
+1. Android SDK: http://developer.android.com/sdk/
+   installed in $ANDROID_SDK_LOCATION
+
+2. Android NDK: http://developer.android.com/tools/sdk/ndk/
+   installed in	$ANDROID_NDK_LOCATION
+
+= Building =
+
+Set up Android project:
+
+# Creates local.properties, not to be checked in
+$ $ANDROID_SDK_LOCATION/tools/android update project -p .
+
+Build libs/libjpgf.jar:
+
+$ (cd ../../runtime/java && javac org/grammaticalframework/pgf/*.java && jar -cf libjpgf.jar org/grammaticalframework/pgf/*.class)
+$ cp ../../runtime/java/libjpgf.jar libs
+
+Build JNI code:
+
+$ cd jni
+$ $ANDROID_NDK_LOCATION/ndk-build
+
+
+Build APK:
+
+$ ant debug
+
+
+Install on your device:
+
+$ ant debug install
+
+or:
+
+$ adb install -r bin/MainActivity-debug.apk
+
+
+= Changing the grammar =
+
+1. Replace assets/ResourceDemo.pgf
+
+2. Edit Translator.java to point to the new file and include its metadata
+
+
+= Developing in Eclipse =
+
+1. Install Android ADT
+
+2. Eclipse > File > Import > Existing Projects into Workspace > Next
+
+3. Select root directory...
+
+4. Select GF/src/ui/android
+
+5. Finish

src/ui/android/build.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<project name="MainActivity" default="help">
+
+    <!-- The local.properties file is created and updated by the 'android' tool.
+         It contains the path to the SDK. It should *NOT* be checked into
+         Version Control Systems. -->
+    <property file="local.properties" />
+
+    <!-- The ant.properties file can be created by you. It is only edited by the
+         'android' tool to add properties to it.
+         This is the place to change some Ant specific build properties.
+         Here are some properties you may want to change/update:
+
+         source.dir
+             The name of the source directory. Default is 'src'.
+         out.dir
+             The name of the output directory. Default is 'bin'.
+
+         For other overridable properties, look at the beginning of the rules
+         files in the SDK, at tools/ant/build.xml
+
+         Properties related to the SDK location or the project target should
+         be updated using the 'android' tool with the 'update' action.
+
+         This file is an integral part of the build system for your
+         application and should be checked into Version Control Systems.
+
+         -->
+    <property file="ant.properties" />
+
+    <!-- if sdk.dir was not set from one of the property file, then
+         get it from the ANDROID_HOME env var.
+         This must be done before we load project.properties since
+         the proguard config can use sdk.dir -->
+    <property environment="env" />
+    <condition property="sdk.dir" value="${env.ANDROID_HOME}">
+        <isset property="env.ANDROID_HOME" />
+    </condition>
+
+    <!-- The project.properties file is created and updated by the 'android'
+         tool, as well as ADT.
+
+         This contains project specific properties such as project target, and library
+         dependencies. Lower level build properties are stored in ant.properties
+         (or in .classpath for Eclipse projects).
+
+         This file is an integral part of the build system for your
+         application and should be checked into Version Control Systems. -->
+    <loadproperties srcFile="project.properties" />
+
+    <!-- quick check on sdk.dir -->
+    <fail
+            message="sdk.dir is missing. Make sure to generate local.properties using 'android update project' or to inject it through the ANDROID_HOME environment variable."
+            unless="sdk.dir"
+    />
+
+    <!--
+        Import per project custom build rules if present at the root of the project.
+        This is the place to put custom intermediary targets such as:
+            -pre-build
+            -pre-compile
+            -post-compile (This is typically used for code obfuscation.
+                           Compiled code location: ${out.classes.absolute.dir}
+                           If this is not done in place, override ${out.dex.input.absolute.dir})
+            -post-package
+            -post-build
+            -pre-clean
+    -->
+    <import file="custom_rules.xml" optional="true" />
+
+    <!-- Import the actual build file.
+
+         To customize existing targets, there are two options:
+         - Customize only one target:
+             - copy/paste the target into this file, *before* the
+               <import> task.
+             - customize it to your needs.
+         - Customize the whole content of build.xml
+             - copy/paste the content of the rules files (minus the top node)
+               into this file, replacing the <import> task.
+             - customize to your needs.
+
+         ***********************
+         ****** IMPORTANT ******
+         ***********************
+         In all cases you must update the value of version-tag below to read 'custom' instead of an integer,
+         in order to avoid having your file be overridden by tools such as "android update project"
+    -->
+    <!-- version-tag: 1 -->
+    <import file="${sdk.dir}/tools/ant/build.xml" />
+
+</project>

src/ui/android/proguard-project.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# To enable ProGuard in your project, edit project.properties
+# to define the proguard.config property as described in that file.
+#
+# Add project specific ProGuard rules here.
+# By default, the flags in this file are appended to flags specified
+# in ${sdk.dir}/tools/proguard/proguard-android.txt
+# You can edit the include path and order by changing the ProGuard
+# include property in project.properties.
+#
+# For more details, see
+#   http://developer.android.com/guide/developing/tools/proguard.html
+
+# Add any project specific keep options here:
+
+# If your project uses WebView with JS, uncomment the following
+# and specify the fully qualified class name to the JavaScript interface
+# class:
+#-keepclassmembers class fqcn.of.javascript.interface.for.webview {
+#   public *;
+#}

src/ui/android/res/drawable/first_person_utterance_bg.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:shape="rectangle">
+    <corners android:radius="4dp" />
+    <solid android:color="#75CD75" />
+</shape>

src/ui/android/res/drawable/second_person_utterance_bg.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<shape xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+    android:shape="rectangle">
+    <corners android:radius="4dp" />
+    <solid android:color="#7575CD" />
+</shape>

src/ui/android/res/layout/activity_main.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<RelativeLayout
+        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+        android:layout_height="match_parent"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        >
+
+    <RelativeLayout
+            android:id="@+id/top_bg"
+            android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+            android:layout_width="match_parent"
+            android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
+            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
+            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
+            android:padding="8dp"
+            android:background="#C0C0C0"
+            >
+
+        <ImageView
+                android:id="@+id/start_stop"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_alignTop="@+id/source_language"
+                android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/target_language"
+                android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
+                android:padding="8dp"
+                android:src="@drawable/ic_mic"
+                android:background="?android:attr/selectableItemBackground"
+                android:contentDescription="@string/microphone"
+                />
+
+        <ImageView
+                android:id="@+id/switch_languages"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_alignTop="@+id/source_language"
+                android:layout_alignBottom="@+id/target_language"
+                android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/start_stop"
+                android:padding="8dp"
+                android:src="@drawable/ic_action_switch"
+                android:background="?android:attr/selectableItemBackground"
+                android:contentDescription="@string/switch_languages"
+                />
+
+        <org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.LanguageSelector
+                android:id="@+id/source_language"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_width="match_parent"
+                android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
+                android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
+                android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/switch_languages"
+                android:padding="0dp"
+                />
+
+        <org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.LanguageSelector
+                android:id="@+id/target_language"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_width="match_parent"
+                android:layout_below="@id/source_language"
+                android:layout_toLeftOf="@id/switch_languages"
+                android:padding="0dp"
+                />
+
+    </RelativeLayout>
+
+    <org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.ConversationView
+            android:id="@+id/conversation"
+            android:layout_height="match_parent"
+            android:layout_width="match_parent"
+            android:layout_alignParentLeft="true"
+            android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
+            android:layout_alignParentRight="true"
+            android:layout_below="@id/top_bg"
+            >
+        <LinearLayout
+                android:id="@+id/conversation_content"
+                android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+                android:layout_width="match_parent"
+                android:orientation="vertical"
+                android:padding="16dp"
+                >
+        </LinearLayout>
+    </org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.ConversationView>
+
+</RelativeLayout>

src/ui/android/res/layout/first_person_utterance.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<TextView
+        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
+        android:layout_marginRight="32dp"
+        android:layout_gravity="left"
+        android:padding="8dp"
+        android:textSize="20sp"
+        android:background="@drawable/first_person_utterance_bg"
+        />

src/ui/android/res/layout/languages_item.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<TextView
+        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_width="match_parent"
+        android:padding="8dp"
+        android:textSize="20sp"
+        />

src/ui/android/res/layout/second_person_utterance.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
+<TextView
+        xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
+        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
+        android:layout_marginBottom="16dp"
+        android:layout_marginLeft="32dp"
+        android:layout_gravity="right"
+        android:padding="8dp"
+        android:textSize="20sp"
+        android:background="@drawable/second_person_utterance_bg"
+        />

src/ui/android/res/values-sw600dp/dimens.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,8 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+         Customize dimensions originally defined in res/values/dimens.xml (such as
+         screen margins) for sw600dp devices (e.g. 7" tablets) here.
+    -->
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/res/values-sw720dp-land/dimens.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+         Customize dimensions originally defined in res/values/dimens.xml (such as
+         screen margins) for sw720dp devices (e.g. 10" tablets) in landscape here.
+    -->
+    <dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">128dp</dimen>
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/res/values-v11/styles.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+        Base application theme for API 11+. This theme completely replaces
+        AppBaseTheme from res/values/styles.xml on API 11+ devices.
+    -->
+    <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="android:Theme.Holo.Light">
+        <!-- API 11 theme customizations can go here. -->
+    </style>
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/res/values-v14/styles.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+        Base application theme for API 14+. This theme completely replaces
+        AppBaseTheme from BOTH res/values/styles.xml and
+        res/values-v11/styles.xml on API 14+ devices.
+    -->
+    <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="android:Theme.Holo.Light.DarkActionBar">
+        <!-- API 14 theme customizations can go here. -->
+    </style>
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/res/values/dimens.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,7 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!-- Default screen margins, per the Android Design guidelines. -->
+    <dimen name="activity_horizontal_margin">16dp</dimen>
+    <dimen name="activity_vertical_margin">16dp</dimen>
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/res/values/strings.xml

@@ -1,8 +1,9 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
 <resources>
 
-    <string name="app_name">GFTranslator</string>
-    <string name="action_settings">Settings</string>
-    <string name="hello_world">Hello world!</string>
+    <string name="app_name">GF Translator</string>
+
+    <string name="microphone">Microphone</string>
+    <string name="switch_languages">Switch languages</string>
 
 </resources>

src/ui/android/res/values/styles.xml

@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<resources>
+
+    <!--
+        Base application theme, dependent on API level. This theme is replaced
+        by AppBaseTheme from res/values-vXX/styles.xml on newer devices.
+    -->
+    <style name="AppBaseTheme" parent="android:Theme.Light">
+        <!--
+            Theme customizations available in newer API levels can go in
+            res/values-vXX/styles.xml, while customizations related to
+            backward-compatibility can go here.
+        -->
+    </style>
+
+    <!-- Application theme. -->
+    <style name="AppTheme" parent="AppBaseTheme">
+        <!-- All customizations that are NOT specific to a particular API-level can go here. -->
+    </style>
+
+</resources>

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/ASR.java

@@ -0,0 +1,240 @@
+
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.content.Intent;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.speech.RecognitionListener;
+import android.speech.RecognizerIntent;
+import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+
+/**
+ * Convenience wrapper around the {@link SpeechRecognizer} API.
+ */
+public class ASR {
+
+    private static final boolean DBG = true;
+    private static final String TAG = "ASR";
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+
+    private SpeechRecognizer mSpeechRecognizer;
+
+    private String mLanguage = null;
+
+    private State mState = State.IDLE;
+
+    private Listener mListener;
+
+    public static enum State {
+        IDLE, INITIALIZING, WAITING_FOR_SPEECH, RECORDING, WAITING_FOR_RESULTS;
+    }
+
+    public ASR(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+        if (SpeechRecognizer.isRecognitionAvailable(context)) {
+            mSpeechRecognizer = SpeechRecognizer.createSpeechRecognizer(context);
+            mSpeechRecognizer.setRecognitionListener(new MyRecognitionListener());
+        }
+    }
+
+    public void setListener(Listener listener) {
+        mListener = listener;
+    }
+
+    public void setLanguage(String language) {
+        mLanguage = language;
+    }
+
+    public void startRecognition() {
+        Intent intent = new Intent(RecognizerIntent.ACTION_RECOGNIZE_SPEECH);
+        if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(mLanguage)) {
+            intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE, mLanguage);
+        }
+        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_LANGUAGE_MODEL,
+                RecognizerIntent.LANGUAGE_MODEL_FREE_FORM);
+        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_MAX_RESULTS, 2);
+        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_PARTIAL_RESULTS, true);
+        // Weird, this shouldn't be required, but on ICS it seems to be
+        intent.putExtra(RecognizerIntent.EXTRA_CALLING_PACKAGE,
+                mContext.getPackageName());
+
+        mSpeechRecognizer.startListening(intent);
+        setState(State.INITIALIZING);
+    }
+
+    public void stopRecognition() {
+        mSpeechRecognizer.stopListening();
+        setState(State.IDLE);
+    }
+
+    public boolean isRunning() {
+        return mState != State.IDLE;
+    }
+
+    private void setState(State newState) {
+        if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Entering state: " + newState);
+        mState = newState;
+        if (mListener != null) {
+            mListener.onStateChanged(mState);
+        }
+    }
+
+    public State getState() {
+        return mState;
+    }
+
+    public void destroy() {
+        if (mSpeechRecognizer != null) {
+            mSpeechRecognizer.destroy();
+            mSpeechRecognizer = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handlePartialInput(String text) {
+        if (mListener != null) {
+            mListener.onPartialInput(text);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void handleSpeechInput(String text) {
+        if (mListener != null) {
+            mListener.onSpeechInput(text);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class MyRecognitionListener implements RecognitionListener {
+        @Override
+        public void onReadyForSpeech(Bundle params) {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "onReadyForSpeech");
+            setState(State.WAITING_FOR_SPEECH);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onBeginningOfSpeech() {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "onBeginningOfSpeech");
+            setState(State.RECORDING);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onBufferReceived(byte[] buffer) {
+            // Ignore
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onRmsChanged(float rmsdB) {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "onRmsChanged(" + rmsdB + ")");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onEndOfSpeech() {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "onEndOfSpeech");
+            setState(State.WAITING_FOR_RESULTS);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onError(int error) {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Error: " + errorMessage(error) + " (" + error + ")");
+            setState(State.IDLE);
+        }
+
+        private String errorMessage(int speechRecognizerError) {
+            switch(speechRecognizerError) {
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK_TIMEOUT:
+                    return "network timeout";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NETWORK:
+                    return "network";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_AUDIO:
+                    return "audio";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SERVER:
+                    return "server";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_CLIENT:
+                    return "client";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_SPEECH_TIMEOUT:
+                    return "timeout waiting for speech";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_NO_MATCH:
+                    return "no match found";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_RECOGNIZER_BUSY:
+                    return "recognizer busy";
+                case SpeechRecognizer.ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_PERMISSIONS:
+                    return "insufficient permissions (missing RECORD_AUDIO?)";
+                default:
+                    return "unknown";
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onEvent(int eventType, Bundle params) {
+            if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "onEvent(" + eventType + ")");
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPartialResults(Bundle bundle) {
+            if (DBG) {
+                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+                sb.append("onPartialResults:");
+                appendResults(sb, bundle);
+                Log.d(TAG, sb.toString());
+            }
+
+            String result = getResult(bundle);
+            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(result)) {
+                handlePartialInput(result);
+            }
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onResults(Bundle bundle) {
+            if (DBG) {
+                StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
+                sb.append("onResults:");
+                appendResults(sb, bundle);
+                Log.d(TAG, sb.toString());
+            }
+
+            setState(State.IDLE);
+
+            String result = getResult(bundle);
+            if (!TextUtils.isEmpty(result)) {
+                handleSpeechInput(result);
+            }
+        }
+
+        private String getResult(Bundle bundle) {
+            ArrayList<String> results = 
+                    bundle.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION);
+            if (results != null && !results.isEmpty()) {
+                return results.get(0);
+            } else {
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void appendResults(StringBuilder sb, Bundle bundle) {
+            ArrayList<String> results = 
+                    bundle.getStringArrayList(SpeechRecognizer.RESULTS_RECOGNITION);
+            float[] scores = bundle.getFloatArray(SpeechRecognizer.CONFIDENCE_SCORES);
+
+            if (results != null) {
+                int size = results.size();
+                for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) {
+                    sb.append("\n> ").append(results.get(i));
+                    if (scores != null && i < scores.length) {
+                        sb.append(" [").append(scores[i]).append("]");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    public interface Listener {
+        void onPartialInput(String input);
+        void onSpeechInput(String input);
+        void onStateChanged(State newState);
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/ConversationView.java

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.AttributeSet;
+import android.view.LayoutInflater;
+import android.view.ViewGroup;
+import android.widget.ScrollView;
+import android.widget.TextView;
+
+public class ConversationView extends ScrollView {
+
+    private LayoutInflater mInflater;
+
+    private ViewGroup mContent;
+
+    public ConversationView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
+        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
+    }
+
+    public ConversationView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
+        super(context, attrs);
+    }
+
+    public ConversationView(Context context) {
+        super(context);
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onFinishInflate() {
+        super.onFinishInflate();
+        mContent = (ViewGroup) findViewById(R.id.conversation_content);
+        mInflater = LayoutInflater.from(getContext());
+    }
+
+    public void addFirstPersonUtterance(CharSequence text) {
+        addUtterance(R.layout.first_person_utterance, text);
+    }
+
+    public void addSecondPersonUtterance(CharSequence text) {
+        addUtterance(R.layout.second_person_utterance, text);
+    }
+
+    private void addUtterance(int res, CharSequence text) {
+        TextView view = (TextView) mInflater.inflate(res, mContent, false);
+        view.setText(text);
+        mContent.addView(view);
+        post(new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                fullScroll(FOCUS_DOWN);
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public void updateLastUtterance(CharSequence text) {
+        int count = mContent.getChildCount();
+        if (count > 0) {
+            TextView view = (TextView) mContent.getChildAt(count - 1);
+            view.setText(text);
+        }
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/Language.java

@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+public class Language {
+    private final String mLangCode;
+    private final String mLangName;
+    private final String mConcrete;
+
+    public Language(String langCode, String langName, String concrete) {
+        mLangCode = langCode;
+        mLangName = langName;
+        mConcrete = concrete;
+    }
+
+    public String getLangCode() {
+        return mLangCode;
+    }
+
+    public String getLangName() {
+        return mLangName;
+    }
+
+    String getConcrete() {
+        return mConcrete;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public String toString() {
+        return getLangName();
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/LanguageSelector.java

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.AttributeSet;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.widget.AdapterView;
+import android.widget.Spinner;
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class LanguageSelector extends Spinner {
+
+    public LanguageSelector(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyle) {
+        super(context, attrs, defStyle);
+    }
+
+    public LanguageSelector(Context context, AttributeSet attrs) {
+        super(context, attrs);
+    }
+
+    public LanguageSelector(Context context) {
+        super(context);
+    }
+
+    public void setLanguages(List<Language> languages) {
+        setAdapter(new LanguagesAdapter(getContext(), languages));
+    }
+
+    public void setSelectedLanguage(Language selected) {
+        setSelection(((LanguagesAdapter) getAdapter()).getPosition(selected));
+    }
+
+    public void setOnLanguageSelectedListener(final OnLanguageSelectedListener listener) {
+        setOnItemSelectedListener(new OnItemSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onItemSelected(AdapterView<?> parent, View view, int position, long id) {
+                if (listener != null) {
+                    listener.onLanguageSelected((Language) parent.getItemAtPosition(position));
+                }
+            }
+            @Override
+            public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> parent) {
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    public interface OnLanguageSelectedListener {
+        void onLanguageSelected(Language language);
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/LanguagesAdapter.java

@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.widget.ArrayAdapter;
+import android.widget.SpinnerAdapter;
+
+
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class LanguagesAdapter extends ArrayAdapter<Language> implements SpinnerAdapter {
+
+    public LanguagesAdapter(Context context, List<Language> objects) {
+        super(context, R.layout.languages_item, objects);
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/LocaleUtils.java

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.text.TextUtils;
+
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+/**
+ * Collections of utils to handle locales.
+ */
+public class LocaleUtils {
+
+    /**
+     * Parses a locale string formatted by {@link Locale#toString()}.
+     *
+     * @return the parsed {@code Locale} or {@code defaultLocale} if the input was null or empty.
+     */
+    public static Locale parseJavaLocale(String localeString, Locale defaultLocale) {
+        if (TextUtils.isEmpty(localeString)) {
+            return defaultLocale;
+        }
+        final char separator = '_';
+        int pos1 = localeString.indexOf(separator);
+        if (pos1 == -1) {
+            return new Locale(localeString);
+        }
+        String language = localeString.substring(0, pos1);
+
+        int start2 = pos1 + 1;
+        int pos2 = localeString.indexOf(separator, start2);
+        if (pos2 == -1) {
+            return new Locale(language, localeString.substring(start2));
+        }
+        String country = localeString.substring(start2, pos2);
+
+        int start3 = pos2 + 1;
+        int pos3 = localeString.indexOf(separator, start3);
+        String variant = (pos3 == -1)
+                ? localeString.substring(start3)
+                : localeString.substring(start3, pos3);
+        return new Locale(language, country, variant);
+    }
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/MainActivity.java

@@ -0,0 +1,202 @@
+
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.app.Activity;
+import android.os.AsyncTask;
+import android.os.Bundle;
+import android.speech.SpeechRecognizer;
+import android.util.Log;
+import android.view.View;
+import android.view.View.OnClickListener;
+import android.widget.ImageView;
+
+import org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.ASR.State;
+import org.grammaticalframework.ui.android.LanguageSelector.OnLanguageSelectedListener;
+
+public class MainActivity extends Activity {
+
+    private static final boolean DBG = true;
+    private static final String TAG = "DemoActivity";
+
+    private static final boolean FAKE_SPEECH = false;
+
+    private ImageView mStartStopButton;
+
+    private ConversationView mConversationView;
+
+    private LanguageSelector mSourceLanguageView;
+
+    private LanguageSelector mTargetLanguageView;
+
+    private ImageView mSwitchLanguagesButton;
+
+    private ASR mAsr;
+
+    private TTS mTts;
+
+    private Translator mTranslator;
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
+        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
+        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
+
+        mStartStopButton = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.start_stop);
+        mConversationView = (ConversationView) findViewById(R.id.conversation);
+        mSourceLanguageView = (LanguageSelector) findViewById(R.id.source_language);
+        mTargetLanguageView = (LanguageSelector) findViewById(R.id.target_language);
+        mSwitchLanguagesButton = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.switch_languages);
+
+        mStartStopButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onClick(View v) {
+                if (mAsr.isRunning()) {
+                    stopRecognition();
+                } else {
+                    startRecognition();
+                }
+            }
+        });
+
+        mStartStopButton.setEnabled(SpeechRecognizer.isRecognitionAvailable(this));
+
+        mAsr = new ASR(this);
+        mAsr.setListener(new SpeechInputListener());
+
+        mTts = new TTS(this);
+
+        mTranslator = new Translator(this);
+        new AsyncTask<Void,Void,Void>() {
+            @Override
+            protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) {
+                mTranslator.init();
+                return null;
+            }
+        }.execute();
+
+        mSourceLanguageView.setLanguages(mTranslator.getAvailableSourceLanguages());
+        mSourceLanguageView.setSelectedLanguage(mTranslator.getSourceLanguage());
+        mSourceLanguageView.setOnLanguageSelectedListener(new OnLanguageSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onLanguageSelected(Language language) {
+                onSourceLanguageSelected(language);
+            }
+        });
+        mTargetLanguageView.setLanguages(mTranslator.getAvailableTargetLanguages());
+        mTargetLanguageView.setSelectedLanguage(mTranslator.getTargetLanguage());
+        mTargetLanguageView.setOnLanguageSelectedListener(new OnLanguageSelectedListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onLanguageSelected(Language language) {
+                onTargetLanguageSelected(language);
+            }
+        });
+
+        mSwitchLanguagesButton.setOnClickListener(new OnClickListener() {
+            @Override
+            public void onClick(View v) {
+                onSwitchLanguages();
+            }
+        });
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    protected void onDestroy() {
+        if (mAsr != null) {
+            mAsr.destroy();
+            mAsr = null;
+        }
+        if (mTts != null) {
+            mTts.destroy();
+            mTts = null;
+        }
+        super.onDestroy();
+    }
+
+    void onSourceLanguageSelected(Language language) {
+        mTranslator.setSourceLanguage(language);
+    }
+
+    void onTargetLanguageSelected(Language language) {
+        mTranslator.setTargetLanguage(language);
+    }
+
+    public String getSourceLanguageCode() {
+        return mTranslator.getSourceLanguage().getLangCode();
+    }
+
+    public String getTargetLanguageCode() {
+        return mTranslator.getTargetLanguage().getLangCode();
+    }
+
+    void onSwitchLanguages() {
+        Language newSource = mTranslator.getTargetLanguage();
+        Language newTarget = mTranslator.getSourceLanguage();
+        mSourceLanguageView.setSelectedLanguage(newSource);
+        mTargetLanguageView.setSelectedLanguage(newTarget);
+    }
+
+    private void startRecognition() {
+        mConversationView.addFirstPersonUtterance("...");
+
+        if (FAKE_SPEECH) {
+            handleSpeechInput("where is the hotel");
+        } else {
+            mAsr.setLanguage(getSourceLanguageCode());
+            mAsr.startRecognition();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private void stopRecognition() {
+        mAsr.stopRecognition();
+    }
+
+    private void handlePartialSpeechInput(String input) {
+        mConversationView.updateLastUtterance(input);
+    }
+
+    private void handleSpeechInput(final String input) {
+        mConversationView.updateLastUtterance(input);
+        new AsyncTask<Void,Void,String>() {
+            @Override
+            protected String doInBackground(Void... params) {
+                return mTranslator.translate(input);
+            }
+
+            @Override
+            protected void onPostExecute(String result) {
+                outputText(result);
+            }
+        }.execute();
+    }
+
+    private void outputText(String text) {
+        if (DBG) Log.d(TAG, "Speaking: " + text);
+        mConversationView.addSecondPersonUtterance(text);
+        if (!FAKE_SPEECH) {
+            mTts.setLanguage(getTargetLanguageCode());
+            mTts.speak(text);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class SpeechInputListener implements ASR.Listener {
+
+        @Override
+        public void onPartialInput(String input) {
+            handlePartialSpeechInput(input);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onSpeechInput(String input) {
+            handleSpeechInput(input);
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void onStateChanged(State newState) {
+//            if (newState == ASR.State.IDLE) {
+//                mStartStopButton.setImageResource(R.drawable.mic_idle);
+//            } else {
+//                mStartStopButton.setImageResource(R.drawable.mic_open);
+//            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/TTS.java

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.speech.tts.TextToSpeech;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import java.util.HashMap;
+import java.util.Locale;
+
+public class TTS {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "TTS";
+
+    private TextToSpeech mTts;
+
+    public TTS(Context context) {
+        mTts = new TextToSpeech(context, new InitListener());
+    }
+
+    public void setLanguage(String language) {
+        Locale locale = LocaleUtils.parseJavaLocale(language.replace('-', '_'),
+                Locale.getDefault());
+
+        int result = mTts.setLanguage(locale);
+        if (result == TextToSpeech.LANG_MISSING_DATA ||
+            result == TextToSpeech.LANG_NOT_SUPPORTED) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Language is not available");
+        } else {
+            // TODO: the language may be available for the locale,
+            // but not for the specified country and variant.
+        }
+    }
+
+    // TODO: handle speak() calls before service connects
+    public void speak(String text) {
+        HashMap<String,String> params = new HashMap<String,String>();
+        // TODO: how can I get network / embedded fallback?
+        // Using both crashes the TTS engine if the offline data is not installed
+        // Using only one doesn't allow the other
+//        params.put(TextToSpeech.Engine.KEY_FEATURE_NETWORK_SYNTHESIS, "true");
+//        params.put(TextToSpeech.Engine.KEY_FEATURE_EMBEDDED_SYNTHESIS, "true");
+        mTts.speak(text, TextToSpeech.QUEUE_FLUSH, params);
+    }
+
+    public void destroy() {
+        if (mTts != null) {
+            mTts.stop();
+            mTts.shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private class InitListener implements TextToSpeech.OnInitListener {
+        @Override
+        public void onInit(int status) {
+            if (status == TextToSpeech.SUCCESS) {
+                Log.d(TAG, "Initialized TTS");
+            } else {
+                Log.e(TAG, "Failed to initialize TTS");
+            }
+        }
+
+    }
+}

src/ui/android/src/org/grammaticalframework/ui/android/Translator.java

@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+package org.grammaticalframework.ui.android;
+
+import android.content.Context;
+import android.util.Log;
+
+import org.grammaticalframework.pgf.Concr;
+import org.grammaticalframework.pgf.Expr;
+import org.grammaticalframework.pgf.PGF;
+import org.grammaticalframework.pgf.ParseError;
+
+import java.io.File;
+import java.io.FileNotFoundException;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.OutputStream;
+import java.util.Arrays;
+import java.util.List;
+
+public class Translator {
+
+    private static final String TAG = "Translator";
+
+    // TODO: allow changing
+    private String mGrammar = "ResourceDemo.pgf";
+
+    // TODO: build dynamically?
+    private Language[] mLanguages = {
+            new Language("en-US", "English", "ResourceDemoEng"),
+            new Language("de-DE", "German", "ResourceDemoGer"),
+            new Language("es-ES", "Spanish", "ResourceDemoSpa"),
+            new Language("fr-FR", "French", "ResourceDemoFre"),
+    };
+
+    private final Context mContext;
+
+    private Language mSourceLanguage;
+
+    private Language mTargetLanguage;
+
+    private PGF mPgf;
+
+    public Translator(Context context) {
+        mContext = context;
+    }
+
+    public Context getContext() {
+        return mContext;
+    }
+
+    public List<Language> getAvailableSourceLanguages() {
+        return Arrays.asList(mLanguages);
+    }
+
+    public List<Language> getAvailableTargetLanguages() {
+        return Arrays.asList(mLanguages);
+    }
+
+    public void setSourceLanguage(Language language) {
+        mSourceLanguage = language;
+    }
+
+    public void setTargetLanguage(Language language) {
+        mTargetLanguage = language;
+    }
+
+    public Language getSourceLanguage() {
+        return mSourceLanguage != null ? mSourceLanguage : mLanguages[0];
+    }
+
+    public Language getTargetLanguage() {
+        return mTargetLanguage != null ? mTargetLanguage : mLanguages[1];
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Takes a lot of time. Must not be called on the main thread.
+     */
+    public void init() {
+        ensureLoaded(mGrammar);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Takes a lot of time. Must not be called on the main thread.
+     */
+    public String translate(String input) {
+        ensureLoaded(mGrammar);
+        return translateInternal(input);
+    }
+
+    private synchronized void ensureLoaded(String grammarName) {
+        if (mPgf != null) return;
+
+        try {
+            // TODO: use PGF API to read this directly from assets
+            Log.d(TAG, "Copying grammar...");
+            File file = copyAsset(grammarName);
+            Log.d(TAG, "Trying to open " + file);
+            mPgf = PGF.readPGF(file.getPath());
+        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "File not found", e);
+        } catch (IOException e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Error loading grammar", e);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private File copyAsset(String asset) throws IOException {
+        InputStream in = null;
+        OutputStream out = null;
+        try {
+            in = getContext().getAssets().open(asset);
+            out = getContext().openFileOutput(asset, Context.MODE_PRIVATE);
+            byte[] buf = new byte[4096];
+            int len;
+            while ((len = in.read(buf)) > 0) {
+                out.write(buf, 0, len);
+            }
+            return getContext().getFileStreamPath(asset);
+        } finally {
+            if (in != null) {
+                in.close();
+            }
+            if (out != null) {
+                out.close();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    protected String translateInternal(String input) {
+        try {
+            Concr sourceGrammar = getConcr(getSourceLanguage().getConcrete());
+            Expr expr = sourceGrammar.parseBest("S", input);
+            Concr targetGrammar = getConcr(getTargetLanguage().getConcrete());
+            String output = targetGrammar.linearize(expr);
+            return output;
+        } catch (ParseError e) {
+            Log.e(TAG, "Parse error: " + e);
+            return "parse error"; // TODO: no no no
+        }
+    }
+
+    private Concr getConcr(String name) {
+        return mPgf.getLanguages().get(name);
+    }
+
+}

src/ui/android/src/se/fnord/android/layout/PredicateLayout.java

@@ -1,134 +0,0 @@
-package se.fnord.android.layout;
-
-import android.content.Context;
-import android.util.AttributeSet;
-import android.view.View;
-import android.view.ViewGroup;
-
-/**
- * ViewGroup that arranges child views in a similar way to text, with them laid
- * out one line at a time and "wrapping" to the next line as needed.
- * 
- * Code licensed under CC-by-SA
- *  
- * @author Henrik Gustafsson
- * @see http://stackoverflow.com/questions/549451/line-breaking-widget-layout-for-android
- * @license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/
- *
- */
-public class PredicateLayout extends ViewGroup {
-
-    private int line_height;
-
-    public static class LayoutParams extends ViewGroup.LayoutParams {
-        public final int horizontal_spacing;
-        public final int vertical_spacing;
-
-        /**
-         * @param horizontal_spacing Pixels between items, horizontally
-         * @param vertical_spacing Pixels between items, vertically
-         */
-        public LayoutParams(int horizontal_spacing, int vertical_spacing) {
-            this(0, 0, horizontal_spacing, vertical_spacing);
-        }
-
-        /**
-         * @param width 
-         * @param height
-         * @param horizontal_spacing Pixels between items, horizontally
-         * @param vertical_spacing Pixels between items, vertically
-         */
-        public LayoutParams(int width, int height, int horizontal_spacing, int vertical_spacing) {
-            super(width, height);
-            this.horizontal_spacing = horizontal_spacing;
-            this.vertical_spacing = vertical_spacing;     
-        }
-    }
-
-    public PredicateLayout(Context context) {
-        super(context);
-    }
-
-    public PredicateLayout(Context context, AttributeSet attrs){
-        super(context, attrs);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void onMeasure(int widthMeasureSpec, int heightMeasureSpec) {
-        assert(MeasureSpec.getMode(widthMeasureSpec) != MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED);
-
-        final int width = MeasureSpec.getSize(widthMeasureSpec) - getPaddingLeft() - getPaddingRight();
-        int height = MeasureSpec.getSize(heightMeasureSpec) - getPaddingTop() - getPaddingBottom();
-        final int count = getChildCount();
-        int line_height = 0;
-
-        int xpos = getPaddingLeft();
-        int ypos = getPaddingTop();
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-            final View child = getChildAt(i);
-            if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
-                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
-                child.measure(
-                        MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(width, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST),
-                        MeasureSpec.makeMeasureSpec(height, MeasureSpec.AT_MOST));
-
-                final int childw = child.getMeasuredWidth();
-                line_height = Math.max(line_height, child.getMeasuredHeight() + lp.vertical_spacing);
-
-                if (xpos + childw > width) {
-                    xpos = getPaddingLeft();
-                    ypos += line_height;
-                }
-
-                xpos += childw + lp.horizontal_spacing;
-            }
-        }
-        this.line_height = line_height;
-
-        if (MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) == MeasureSpec.UNSPECIFIED){
-            height = ypos + line_height;
-
-        } else if (MeasureSpec.getMode(heightMeasureSpec) == MeasureSpec.AT_MOST){
-            if (ypos + line_height < height){
-                height = ypos + line_height;
-            }
-        }
-        setMeasuredDimension(width, height);
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected ViewGroup.LayoutParams generateDefaultLayoutParams() {
-        return new LayoutParams(1, 1); // default of 1px spacing
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected boolean checkLayoutParams(ViewGroup.LayoutParams p) {
-        if (p instanceof LayoutParams)
-            return true;
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    @Override
-    protected void onLayout(boolean changed, int l, int t, int r, int b) {
-        final int count = getChildCount();
-        final int width = r - l;
-        int xpos = getPaddingLeft();
-        int ypos = getPaddingTop();
-
-        for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {
-            final View child = getChildAt(i);
-            if (child.getVisibility() != GONE) {
-                final int childw = child.getMeasuredWidth();
-                final int childh = child.getMeasuredHeight();
-                final LayoutParams lp = (LayoutParams) child.getLayoutParams();
-                if (xpos + childw > width) {
-                    xpos = getPaddingLeft();
-                    ypos += line_height;
-                }
-                child.layout(xpos, ypos, xpos + childw, ypos + childh);
-                xpos += childw + lp.horizontal_spacing;
-            }
-        }
-    }
-}