ml and tl

doc/tutorial/gf-tutorial2.html

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 
 <p>
 
-12 May 2005
+17 May 2005
 </center>
 
 
@@ -634,9 +634,9 @@ makes this in a subshell of GF.
 You can also generate a list of translation exercises and save it in a
 file for later use, by the command <tt>translation_list = tl</tt>
 <pre>
-  > translation_list PaleolithicEng PaleolithicIta 25
+  > translation_list -number=25 PaleolithicEng PaleolithicIta
 </pre>
-(The number 25 is the number of sentences generated.)
+The number flag gives the number of sentences generated.
 
 
 <!-- NEW -->
@@ -1125,6 +1125,47 @@ lin
 
 
 
+<!-- NEW -->
+<h4>Hierarchic parameter types</h4>
+
+The reader familiar with a functional programming language such as
+<a href="www.haskell.org">Haskell</a> must have noticed the similarity
+between parameter types in GF and algebraic datatypes (<tt>data</tt> definitions
+in Haskell). The GF parameter types are actually a special case of algebraic
+datatypes: the main restriction is that in GF, these types must be finite.
+(This restriction makes it possible to invert linearization rules into
+parsing methods.)
+
+<p>
+
+However, finite is not the same thing as enumerated. Even in GF, parameter
+constructors can take arguments, provided these arguments are from other
+parameter types (recursion is forbidden). Such parameter types impose a
+hierarchic order among parameters. They are often useful to define
+linguistically accurate parameter systems.
+
+<p>
+
+To give an example, Swedish adjectives
+are inflected in number (singular or plural) and
+gender (uter or neuter). These parameters would suggest 2*2=4 different
+forms. However, the gender distinction is done only in the singular. Therefore,
+it would be inaccurate to define adjective paradigms using the type
+<tt>Gender => Number => Str</tt>. The following hierarchic definition
+yields an accurate system of three adjectival forms.
+<pre>
+  param AdjForm = ASg Gender | APl ;
+  param Gender  = Uter | Neuter ;
+</pre>
+In pattern matching, a constructor can have patterns as arguments. For instance,
+the adjectival paradigm in which the two singular forms are the same, can be defined
+<pre>
+  oper plattAdj : Str -> AdjForm => Str = \x -> table {
+    ASg _ => x ;
+    APl   => x + "a" ;
+    }
+</pre>
+
 <!-- NEW -->
 <h2>Topics still to be written</h2>
 

src/GF/Shell.hs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 -- Stability   : (stable)
 -- Portability : (portable)
 --
--- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/17 11:20:25 $ 
--- > CVS $Author: peb $
--- > CVS $Revision: 1.37 $
+-- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/17 12:37:17 $ 
+-- > CVS $Author: aarne $
+-- > CVS $Revision: 1.38 $
 --
 -- GF shell command interpreter.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -232,15 +232,17 @@ execC co@(comm, opts0) sa@((st,(h,_)),a) = checkOptions st co >> case comm of
   CTranslationQuiz il ol -> do
     warnDiscont opts 
     justOutput opts (teachTranslation opts (sgr il) (sgr ol)) sa
-  CTranslationList il ol n -> do
-    warnDiscont opts 
+  CTranslationList il ol -> do
+    warnDiscont opts
+    let n = optIntOrN opts flagNumber 10 
     qs <- transTrainList opts (sgr il) (sgr ol) (toInteger n)
     returnArg (AString $ foldr (+++++) [] [unlines (s:ss) | (s,ss) <- qs]) sa
 
   CMorphoQuiz -> do
     warnDiscont opts 
     justOutput opts (teachMorpho opts gro) sa
-  CMorphoList n -> do 
+  CMorphoList -> do
+    let n = optIntOrN opts flagNumber 10  
     warnDiscont opts 
     qs <- useIOE [] $ morphoTrainList opts gro (toInteger n)
     returnArg (AString $ foldr (+++++) [] [unlines (s:ss) | (s,ss) <- qs]) sa

src/GF/Shell/HelpFile.hs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 -- Stability   : (stable)
 -- Portability : (portable)
 --
--- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/12 10:03:33 $
+-- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/17 12:37:17 $
 -- > CVS $Author: aarne $
--- > CVS $Revision: 1.3 $
+-- > CVS $Revision: 1.4 $
 --
 -- Help on shell commands. Generated from HelpFile by 'make help'.
 -- PLEASE DON'T EDIT THIS FILE.
@@ -339,11 +339,13 @@ txtHelpFile =
   "\n  examples:" ++
   "\n      tq -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe  -- quiz for NPs" ++
   "\n" ++
-  "\ntl, translation_list: tl Lang Lang Int" ++
-  "\n      Random-generates a list of Int translation exercises from Lang1 to Lang2." ++
+  "\ntl, translation_list: tl Lang Lang" ++
+  "\n      Random-generates a list of ten translation exercises from Lang1" ++
+  "\n      to Lang2. The number can be changed by a flag." ++
   "\n      HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file." ++
   "\n  flags:" ++
   "\n      -cat" ++
+  "\n      -number" ++
   "\n  examples:" ++
   "\n      tl -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe  -- quiz list for NPs" ++
   "\n" ++
@@ -359,13 +361,14 @@ txtHelpFile =
   "\n  examples:" ++
   "\n      mq -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe  -- quiz for Swedish nouns" ++
   "\n" ++
-  "\nml, morphology_list: ml Int" ++
-  "\n      Random-generates a list of Int morphological exercises," ++
-  "\n      keeping score of success." ++
+  "\nml, morphology_list: ml" ++
+  "\n      Random-generates a list of ten morphological exercises," ++
+  "\n      keeping score of success. The number can be changed with a flag." ++
   "\n      HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file." ++
   "\n  flags:" ++
   "\n      -cat" ++
   "\n      -lang" ++
+  "\n      -number" ++
   "\n  examples:" ++
   "\n      ml -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe  -- quiz list for Swedish nouns" ++
   "\n" ++

src/GF/Shell/PShell.hs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 -- Stability   : (stable)
 -- Portability : (portable)
 --
--- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/12 10:03:33 $ 
+-- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/17 12:37:17 $ 
 -- > CVS $Author: aarne $
--- > CVS $Revision: 1.21 $
+-- > CVS $Revision: 1.22 $
 --
 -- parsing GF shell commands. AR 11\/11\/2001
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -104,9 +104,9 @@ pCommand ws = case ws of
   "so" : s      -> aUnit   $ CShowOpers $ unwords s
 
   "tq" : i:o:[] -> aUnit   (CTranslationQuiz (language i) (language o))
-  "tl":i:o:n:[] -> aUnit   (CTranslationList (language i) (language o) (readIntArg n))
+  "tl":i:o:[]   -> aUnit   (CTranslationList (language i) (language o))
   "mq" : []     -> aUnit   CMorphoQuiz
-  "ml" : n : [] -> aUnit   (CMorphoList (readIntArg n))
+  "ml" : []     -> aUnit   CMorphoList
 
   "wf" : f : s  -> aString (CWriteFile f) s
   "af" : f : s  -> aString (CAppendFile f) s

src/GF/Shell/ShellCommands.hs

@@ -5,9 +5,9 @@
 -- Stability   : (stable)
 -- Portability : (portable)
 --
--- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/13 12:40:20 $ 
--- > CVS $Author: peb $
--- > CVS $Revision: 1.34 $
+-- > CVS $Date: 2005/05/17 12:37:17 $ 
+-- > CVS $Author: aarne $
+-- > CVS $Revision: 1.35 $
 --
 -- The datatype of shell commands and the list of their options.
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -53,9 +53,9 @@ data Command =
  | CShowOpers String
 
  | CTranslationQuiz Language Language
- | CTranslationList Language Language Int
+ | CTranslationList Language Language
  | CMorphoQuiz
- | CMorphoList Int
+ | CMorphoList
 
  | CReadFile   FilePath
  | CWriteFile  FilePath
@@ -180,9 +180,9 @@ optionsOfCommand co = case co of
   CShowOpers _ -> flags "res"
 
   CTranslationQuiz _ _ -> flags "cat"
-  CTranslationList _ _ _ ->  flags "cat"
+  CTranslationList _ _ ->  flags "cat number"
   CMorphoQuiz -> flags "cat lang"
-  CMorphoList _ -> flags "cat lang"
+  CMorphoList -> flags "cat lang number"
 
   CReadFile _  -> none
   CWriteFile  _ -> none

src/HelpFile

@@ -310,11 +310,13 @@ tq, translation_quiz: tq Lang Lang
   examples:
       tq -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe  -- quiz for NPs
 
-tl, translation_list: tl Lang Lang Int
-      Random-generates a list of Int translation exercises from Lang1 to Lang2.
+tl, translation_list: tl Lang Lang
+      Random-generates a list of ten translation exercises from Lang1
+      to Lang2. The number can be changed by a flag.
       HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file.
   flags:
       -cat
+      -number
   examples:
       tl -cat=NP TestResourceEng TestResourceSwe  -- quiz list for NPs
 
@@ -330,13 +332,14 @@ mq, morphology_quiz: mq
   examples:
       mq -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe  -- quiz for Swedish nouns
 
-ml, morphology_list: ml Int
-      Random-generates a list of Int morphological exercises,
-      keeping score of success.
+ml, morphology_list: ml
+      Random-generates a list of ten morphological exercises,
+      keeping score of success. The number can be changed with a flag.
       HINT: use wf to save the exercises in a file.
   flags:
       -cat
       -lang
+      -number
   examples:
       ml -cat=N -lang=TestResourceSwe  -- quiz list for Swedish nouns