Merge pull request #115 from inariksit/arabic

Arabic

src/arabic/ExtendAra.gf

@@ -29,7 +29,6 @@ concrete ExtendAra of Extend =
     ICompAP ap = {s = \\gn => "كَمْ" ++ ap.s ! NoHum ! gn.g ! gn.n ! Indef ! Acc} ;
 
   lincat
-
     VPS   = {s : PerGenNum => Str} ;  -- finite VP's with tense and polarity
     [VPS] = {s1,s2 : PerGenNum => Str} ;
   lin
@@ -40,14 +39,14 @@ concrete ExtendAra of Extend =
           Nominal --  Nominal (=SVO) generalises best for ConjVPS.
           vp.obj.a.isPron
           (vStr vp pgn t.t p.p Nominal)
-          (case <vp.isPred,vp.obj.a.isPron> of {
-                    <False,True> => BIND ++ vp.obj.s ;
-                    _            =>         vp.obj.s })
+          vp.obj.s -- BIND is taken care of when the VP was made, no need to add one here
           (pred vp pgn t.t p.p)
           vp.s2
       in vps.before ++ vps.after -- word order is SVO, so this is safe for just this case.
       } ;
 
+    -- maybe more robust to use إِيَّا as object carrier if the VPS
+    -- consists of several VPSs; like it's done in Slash3V3 /IL
     BaseVPS = twoTable PerGenNum ;
     ConsVPS = consrTable PerGenNum comma ;
     ConjVPS = conjunctDistrTable PerGenNum ;

src/arabic/ParadigmsAra.gf

@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ resource ParadigmsAra = open
     \rootStr,vPerf,vImpf ->
     let root = mkRoot3 rootStr
      in case rootStr of {
-          _          + "ّ"   => v1geminate rootStr vPerf vImpf ;
+          x@? + y@?  + "ّ"   => v1geminate (x+y+y) vPerf vImpf ;
           ? + #hamza + #weak => v1doubleweak root ;
           ? + ?      + #weak => case vPerf of {
                                   i => v1defective_i root vImpf ;
@@ -519,10 +519,10 @@ resource ParadigmsAra = open
 
   v7 =
     \rootStr ->
-    let {
-      fcl = mkRoot3 rootStr ;
-      v7fun = v7geminate ; -- TODO add rest
-      } in lin V (v7fun fcl) ;
+    let verb = case rootStr of {
+          x@? + y@? + "ّ" => v7geminate (x+y+y) ;
+          _               => v7sound (mkRoot3 rootStr) }
+    in lin V verb ;
 
   v8 =
     \rootStr ->

src/arabic/PhraseAra.gf

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ concrete PhraseAra of Phrase = CatAra ** open
     UttImpPl,UttImpPol = \pol,imp -> {s = \\g => imp.s ! pol.p ! g ! ResAra.Pl ++ pol.s} ;
     UttInterj i = {s = \\g => i.s} ;
 
-    UttIP ip = {s = \\g => ip.s ! False ! g ! Def ! Nom} ; --IL
+    UttIP ip = {s = \\g => ip.s ! False ! g ! Const ! Nom} ; --IL
     UttAP ap = {s = ResAra.uttAP ap} ; --IL
     UttCard c = {s = ResAra.uttNum c} ; --IL
 

src/arabic/ResAra.gf

@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ resource ResAra = PatternsAra ** open  Prelude, Predef, OrthoAra, ParamX  in {
       let pat = mkPat pS in
       case pS of {
         w + "ف" + x + "ع" + y + "ل" + z =>
-          case rS of {
+          case rS of { -- TODO: reconsider shadda, maybe handling it should be moved 100% to ParadigmsAra /IL 2019-01-01
             x@? + y@? + "ّ" => mkStrong pat (mkRoot3 (x+y+y)) ; -- In principle, shadda shouldn't be in the root when dealing with strong inflection, but if someone puts one, this should fix it. /IL
             _               => mkStrong pat (mkRoot3 rS) } ;
         w + "ف" + x + "ع" + y =>
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ resource ResAra = PatternsAra ** open  Prelude, Predef, OrthoAra, ParamX  in {
 
     AP : Type = {s : Species => Gender => NTable } ;
     uttAP : AP -> (Gender => Str) ;
-    uttAP ap = \\g => ap.s ! NoHum ! g ! Sg ! Indef ! Bare ; ----IL
+    uttAP ap = \\g => ap.s ! NoHum ! g ! Sg ! Const ! Bare ; ----IL
 
     CN : Type = Noun ** {np : Case => Str};
 
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ resource ResAra = PatternsAra ** open  Prelude, Predef, OrthoAra, ParamX  in {
       } ;
 
     uttNum : NumOrdCard -> (Gender => Str) ;
-    uttNum n = \\g => n.s ! g ! Def ! Bare ;  ----IL
+    uttNum n = \\g => n.s ! g ! Const ! Bare ;
 
   param
     VForm =
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ oper
 
   --macro for sound verb
   --PerfAct, PerfPas, ImpfAct, ImpfPas, Imp, PPart
-  verb : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verb =
+  verb : (x1,_,_,_,_,x6 : Str) -> Verb =
     \katab,kutib,aktub,uktab,euktub,maktUb -> {
       s = \\vf => rectifyHmz (case vf of {
         VPerf Act pgn     => katab + suffixPerf ! pgn ;
@@ -232,7 +232,14 @@ oper
         VPPart     => maktUb
         })
     } ;
-
+  verb' : SoundForms -> Verb = \vforms ->
+   let katab = vforms ! 0 ;
+       kutib = vforms ! 1 ;
+       aktub = vforms ! 2 ;
+       uktab = vforms ! 3 ;
+       euktub = vforms ! 4 ;
+       maktUb = vforms ! 5 ;
+    in verb katab kutib aktub uktab euktub maktUb ;
   --affixes of sound verbs
 
   suffixPerf : PerGenNum => Str =
@@ -316,12 +323,14 @@ oper
         }
     } ;
 
-  --macro for geminate verbs: same behaviour as hollow verbs, except for jussive.
-  -- IL -- to be tested: there are no geminate verbs in LexiconAra
+  -- macro for geminate verbs: same behaviour as hollow verbs,
+  -- except for jussive and imperative. /IL
   verbGeminate : DefForms -> Verb = \vforms ->
-    let verbHol = verbHollow vforms
-    in { s = table {
+    let verbHol = verbHollow vforms ;
+        patImp = patGeminateImp (vforms ! 8) (vforms ! 9)
+    in { s = table { -- Jussive and imperative have fatha instead of sukun
            VImpf Jus v pgn => verbHol.s ! VImpf Cnj v pgn ;
+           VImp        g n => patImp ! g ! n + suffixImpfCJ Cnj ! Per2 g n ;
            x               => verbHol.s ! x
            }
        } ;
@@ -462,7 +471,7 @@ oper
 
 --now is used for the sound, assimilated (weak C1), and when C1 = hamza:
 
-v1sound : Root3 -> Vowel -> Vowel -> Verb =
+v1soundForms : Root3 -> Vowel -> Vowel -> SoundForms =
   \fcl,vowPerf,vowImpf ->
   let {
     qf = {f = fcl.c ; c = fcl.l} ;
@@ -482,7 +491,10 @@ v1sound : Root3 -> Vowel -> Vowel -> Verb =
       };
     maktUb = mkStrong mafcUl fcl
   } in
-  verb katab kutib aktub uktab euktub maktUb ;
+  toSoundForms katab kutib aktub uktab euktub maktUb ;
+
+v1sound : Root3 -> Vowel -> Vowel -> Verb = \fcl,vp,vi ->
+  verb' (v1soundForms fcl vp vi) ;
 
 v1hollow : Root3 -> Vowel -> Verb =
   \xwf,vowImpf ->
@@ -522,8 +534,11 @@ fvc : Vowel => Pattern =
     a => fac
   } ;
 
-
 v1geminate : Str -> Vowel -> Vowel -> Verb =
+  \r,vp,vi ->
+  verbGeminate (v1geminateForms r vp vi) ;
+
+v1geminateForms : Str -> Vowel -> Vowel -> DefForms =
   \rootStr,vowPerf,vowImpf ->
   let {
     mdd = mkRoot3 rootStr ; --fcc
@@ -540,9 +555,8 @@ v1geminate : Str -> Vowel -> Vowel -> Verb =
     umdad = "ُ" + mkStrong fcal mdd ;
     Umdud = (prefixImp ! vowImpf) + mdud;
     mamdUd = mkStrong mafcUl mdd
-   } in verbGeminate (toDefForms
-                        madd madad mudd mudid amudd amdud
-                        umadd umdad Umdud mudd' mamdUd) ;
+   } in toDefForms madd madad mudd mudid amudd amdud
+                   umadd umdad Umdud mudd' mamdUd ;
 
 patGem1 : Vowel => Pattern =
   table {
@@ -568,16 +582,23 @@ patGem3 : Vowel => Pattern =
 -- IL -- Defective, hollow and geminate verbs all need 11 forms.
       {- NB. the numbers don't always refer to the same forms!
          The verb(Def|Hollow|Geminate) constructors pick the right forms. -}
+SoundForms : Type = Predef.Ints 5  => Str ;
 DefForms   : Type = Predef.Ints 10 => Str ;
 
+toSoundForms : (x1,_,_,_,_,x6 : Str) -> SoundForms =
+  \a,b,c,d,e,f ->
+  table {
+    0 => a ; 1 => b ; 2 => c ; 3 => d ; 4 => e ; 5 => f
+  } ;
+
 toDefForms : (x1,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,_,x11 : Str) -> DefForms =
   \a,b,c,d,e,f,g,h,i,j,k ->
   table {
-    0 => a ; 1 => b ; 2 => c ; 3 => d ; 4 => e ; 5 => f ; 6 => g ;
-    7 => h ; 8 => i ; 9 => j ; 10 => k
+    0 => a ; 1 => b ; 2 => c ; 3 => d ; 4 => e ; 5 => f ;
+    6 => g ; 7 => h ; 8 => i ; 9 => j ; 10 => k
   } ;
 
-v1DefForms_perfA : Root3 -> Vowel -> DefForms = \rmy,vowImpf ->
+v1defForms_perfA : Root3 -> Vowel -> DefForms = \rmy,vowImpf ->
  let {
    _rmi = mkDefective (patDef1 ! vowImpf) rmy ;
    _rmu = mkDefective (patDef2 ! vowImpf) rmy ;
@@ -595,11 +616,11 @@ v1DefForms_perfA : Root3 -> Vowel -> DefForms = \rmy,vowImpf ->
  } in toDefForms rama ramay rumi rumu rumiy armi armu urma eirmi eirmu marmiy ;
 
 v1defective_a : Root3 -> Vowel -> Verb = \rmy,vowImpf ->
-  let vforms = v1DefForms_perfA rmy vowImpf
+  let vforms = v1defForms_perfA rmy vowImpf
    in verbDef vforms vowImpf ;
 
 v1defective_i : Root3 -> Vowel -> Verb = \bqy,vowImpf -> -- IL (conjugation 1d4)
-  let vforms_a = v1DefForms_perfA bqy vowImpf ;
+  let vforms_a = v1defForms_perfA bqy vowImpf ;
       baqI  = mkDefective facIl bqy ;
       baqiy = mkDefective facil bqy ;
       vforms_i = table { 0 => baqI ;
@@ -609,8 +630,8 @@ v1defective_i : Root3 -> Vowel -> Verb = \bqy,vowImpf -> -- IL (conjugation 1d4)
 
 v1doubleweak : Root3 -> Verb = \r'y ->
   let ry = r'y ** {c = ""} ;
-      vforms_doubleweak : DefForms = \\x => rmSukun (v1DefForms_perfA ry a ! x) ; -- only remove the first sukun
-      vforms_weak : DefForms = v1DefForms_perfA r'y a ;
+      vforms_doubleweak : DefForms = \\x => rmSukun (v1defForms_perfA ry a ! x) ; -- only remove the first sukun
+      vforms_weak : DefForms = v1defForms_perfA r'y a ;
       vforms = table { 0 => vforms_weak ! 0 ; -- all perfect forms
                        1 => vforms_weak ! 1 ;
                        2 => vforms_weak ! 2 ;
@@ -642,7 +663,7 @@ v2sound : Root3 -> Verb = \qsm ->
     uqassam = "ُ" + qassam ;
     muqassam = "مُ" + qassam
   } in
-  verb qassam qussim uqassim uqassam qassim muqassam;
+  verb qassam qussim uqassim uqassam qassim muqassam ;
 
 v2defective : Root3 -> Verb = \gny ->
   let {
@@ -751,32 +772,41 @@ v6sound : Root3 -> Verb =
     mutafAqam = "م" + utafAqam
   } in verb tafAqam tufUqim atafAqam utafAqam tafAqam mutafAqam;
 
--- v7sound : Root3 -> Verb = -- TODO 7s
---   \fcl ->
---   let {
---     _facal = mkStrong facal fcl ;
---     _facil = mkStrong facil fcl;
---     infacal = "اِنْ" + _facal ; -- VPerf Act
---      ; -- VPerf Pas
---     anfacil = "َنْ" + _facil ; -- VImpf _ Act
---      ; -- VImpf _ Pas
---      ; -- VImp
---       -- VPPart
---   } in
---   verb  ;
+v7sound : Root3 -> Verb = \fcl ->
+  let vforms = v1soundForms fcl a i ;
+      _nfacil = "نْ" + mkStrong facil fcl ;
+      infacal = "اِنْ" + vforms ! 0 ;
+      anfacil = "َ" + _nfacil ;
+      infacil = "اِ" + _nfacil ;
+      munfacil = "مُ" + _nfacil ;
+   in verb' (table {
+         0 => infacal ;
+         2 => anfacil ;
+         4 => infacil ;
+         5 => munfacil ;
+         n => "ُنْ" + vforms ! n -- doesn't exist for form 7
+      }) ;
 
-v7geminate : Root3 -> Verb = -- IL 7g -- very likely wrong
-  \fcl ->
-  let {
-    _nfacc = "نْ" + mkHollow facc fcl ;
-    infacal = "اِنْ" + mkStrong facal fcl ; -- VPerf Act -- TODO use another constructor, this is wrong for 3rd person
-    unfucc = "اُنْ" + mkHollow fucc fcl ; -- VPerf Pas
-    anfacc = "َ"  + _nfacc ; -- VImpf _ Act
-    unfacc = "ُ"  + _nfacc ;  -- VImpf _ Pas
-    infacc = "اِ" + _nfacc ; -- VImp
-    munfacc = "مُ" +_nfacc  -- VPPart
-  } in
-  verb infacal unfucc anfacc unfacc infacc munfacc ;
+v7geminate : Str -> Verb = \fcl ->
+  let vforms = v1geminateForms fcl a i ;
+      _nfacc = "نْ" + vforms ! 0  ;
+      _nfacic = "نْ" + mkStrong facil (mkRoot3 fcl) ;
+      infacc = "اِ" + _nfacc ;        -- VPerf Act
+      infacac = "اِنْ" + vforms ! 1 ; -- VPerf Act Pl3F
+      anfacc = "َ" + _nfacc ;         -- VImpf Act
+      anfacic = "َ" + _nfacic ;       -- VImpf Act Pl3F
+      infacic = "اِ" + _nfacic ;      -- VImp PlF
+      munfacc = "مُ" + _nfacc ;       -- VPPart
+   in verbGeminate (table {
+         0 => infacc ;
+         1 => infacac ;
+         4 => anfacc ;
+         5 => anfacic ;
+         8 => infacc ;
+         9 => infacic ;
+         10 => munfacc ;
+         n => "ُنْ" + vforms ! n -- doesn't exist for form 7
+    }) ;
 
 v8sound : Root3 -> Verb =
   \rbT ->
@@ -974,6 +1004,12 @@ patHollowImp : (_,_ :Str) -> Gender => Number => Str =\xaf,xAf ->
     Fem  => table { Pl => xaf ; _ => xAf}
   } ;
 
+patGeminateImp : (_,_ :Str) -> Gender => Number => Str = \facc,facic ->
+  \\g,n => case <g,n> of {
+      <Fem,Pl> => facic ;
+      _        => facc
+  } ;
+
 --Nominal Morphology
 
   caseTbl : Case => Str =
@@ -1466,7 +1502,6 @@ patHollowImp : (_,_ :Str) -> Gender => Number => Str =\xaf,xAf ->
     theyMasc_Pron   : NP = mkPron "هُمْ"  "هُمْ"  "هُمْ"  (Per3 Masc Pl) ;
     theyFem_Pron    : NP = mkPron "هُنَّ" "هُنَّ" "هُنَّ" (Per3 Fem  Pl) ;
 
-
     -- Used e.g. to encode the subject as an object clitic
     -- or to find a possessive suffix corresponding to the NP.
     -- If the NP is a pronoun, just use itself.
@@ -1512,6 +1547,23 @@ patHollowImp : (_,_ :Str) -> Gender => Number => Str =\xaf,xAf ->
         VPPart        => v.s ! vf ++ reflPron Acc (Per3 Masc Sg) ----
         }
       } ;
+
+  ladaa_V : Verb =
+    let laday : PerGenNum -> Str = \pgn -> case pgn of {
+          Per1 Sing    => "لَدَيَّ" ;
+          Per3 Masc Sg => "لَدَيْهِ" ;    -- vowel assimilation
+          Per3 Masc Dl => "لَدَيْهِمَا" ; -- vowel assimilation
+          Per3 Masc Pl => "لَدَيْهِم" ;   -- vowel assimilation
+          Per3 Fem  Pl => "لَدَيْهِنَّ" ; -- vowel assimilation
+          _            => "لَدَيْ" + (pgn2pron pgn).s ! Gen
+        } ;
+     in { s = table {
+      VImpf Ind Act pgn  => laday pgn ;
+      vf@(VImpf _ _ pgn) => copula.s ! vf ++ laday pgn ;
+      vf@(VPerf _ pgn)   => copula.s ! vf ++ laday pgn ;
+      vf@(VImp g n)      => copula.s ! vf ++ laday (Per2 g n) ;
+      VPPart             => copula.s ! VPPart ++ "لَدَى" }
+    } ;
 -----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 -- IP, questions
 
@@ -1729,8 +1781,11 @@ patHollowImp : (_,_ :Str) -> Gender => Number => Str =\xaf,xAf ->
     bindIf : Bool -> Str = \b -> if_then_Str b BIND [] ;
 
     bindIfPron : NP -> {c2:Preposition; isPred:Bool} -> Str = \np,vp ->
-      let bind = case vp.isPred of {
-                   False => bindIf (orB np.a.isPron vp.c2.binds) ;
+      let notNom : Case -> Bool = \c -> case c of {Nom => False; _=>True} ;
+          bind = case vp.isPred of {
+                   False => bindIf (
+                              orB (andB np.a.isPron (notNom vp.c2.c)) --if np is pron, not in nominative
+                                   vp.c2.binds) ;
                    True  => [] }
        in vp.c2.s ++ bind ++ np.s ! vp.c2.c ;
 

src/arabic/StructuralAra.gf

@@ -122,7 +122,8 @@ concrete StructuralAra of Structural = CatAra **
   youPl_Pron = youPlMasc_Pron ;
   youPol_Pron = youPlFem_Pron ; -- arbitrary?
 
-  have_V2      = dirV2 (regV "يَملِك") ;
+  have_V2 = mkV2 ladaa_V (casePrep nom) ; -- "X has Y" literally "Y<nom> is on X<nom>"
+  --have_V2 = dirV2 (regV "يَملِك") ; -- "X<nom> owns/possesses Y<acc>"
 
   lin language_title_Utt = {s = \\_ => "العربية"} ;
 

src/arabic/VerbAra.gf

@@ -5,7 +5,8 @@ concrete VerbAra of Verb = CatAra ** open Prelude, ResAra, ParamX in {
   lin
     UseV = predV ;
 
-    SlashVV vv vps = vps ** predV vv ; ----IL
+    -- : VV -> VPSlash -> VPSlash
+    SlashVV vv vps = vps ** ComplVV vv vps ;
 
     -- : V2V -> VP -> VPSlash ;  -- beg (her) to go
     SlashV2V v2v vp = let v2vVP = predV v2v in -- IL