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103 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
103 lines
4.0 KiB
Markdown
# Spanish
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## Language information
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* English name: Spanish
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* Autonym: español
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* ISO code: Spa
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## Authors
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* Aarne Ranta
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With contributions from Inger Andersson, Bruno Cuconato, Inari Listenmaa, and Therese Söderberg.
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## Implementation information
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The Spanish Resource Grammar is built using the Romance functor at
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[romance](../romance/), and it mostly follows Spanish spoken in Spain.
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Romance instantiations differ mostly in their morphological modules
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and in the constructions defined in the =Diff*= modules. Some relevant features:
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* two copulas, ser and estar
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* prepositions that contract with articles are *de* and *a*, called `genitive` and `dative` respectively. When forming new prepositions, e.g. *después de* use `mkPrep "después" genitive` to get correct contractions.
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* no inversion in question clauses, except for `QuestIComp` and `QuestIAdv`.
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### Known issues
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* Verbs with dative subject don't actually have it. Example:
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```
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Lang> p "I like grammars" | l
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I like grammars
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yo gusto gramáticas
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```
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This is not a massive problem per se, the application grammarian just needs to know this is the case. If your application grammar has a function like the following:
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```haskell
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fun Like : NP -> NP -> Cl ;
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```
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then you just need to linearise it as follows:
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```haskell
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lin Like subj obj = mkCl obj like_V2 subj ;
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```
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(Why don't we have it? Verbs like *gustar* inflect according to the logical *object* of the sentence; this would mean we'd need 2-dimensional inflection tables for verbs, and while that's a cool thing, it's also expensive and not needed for anything else.)
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* Contractions with *con* and pronouns: *con* + *mí*/*ti*/… should be *conmigo*/*contigo*/…, but the contraction is not implemented.
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* Clitic pronouns and their combinations:
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```haskell
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-- PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashVV want_VV (Slash2V3 give_V3 (UsePron he_Pron))) (UsePron it_Pron))
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LangEng: i want to give him it
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LangSpa: yo lo quiero dar &+ le -- should be dárselo
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-- PredVP (UsePron i_Pron) (ComplVV want_VV (ComplSlash (Slash3V3 give_V3 (UsePron it_Pron)) (UsePron he_Pron)))
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LangEng: i want to give him it
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LangSpa: yo quiero dar &+ lo le -- should be dárselo
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```
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* Accents in imperatives and infinitives with clitics
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```haskell
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--ImpVP (ComplSlash (Slash2V3 give_V3 (UsePron i_Pron)) (UsePron it_Pron))
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LangEng: give me it
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LangSpa: da &+ lo me
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```
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Ignoring the clitic combination (should be *dámelo*), the verb form *da* should get an accent *dá* to show the correct syllable stress.
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## Data
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### Besch & Irreg
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The [BeschSpa](BeschSpa.gf) and [IrregSpa](IrregSpa.gf) modules contain the complete inflection tables for all different
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Spanish verb types. Based on the Functional Morphology [implementation](http://www.cse.chalmers.se/alumni/markus/FM/download/FM_SPA_1.1.tgz) by Inger Andersson and Therese Söderberg.
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### DictSpa
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This module contains nouns, adjectives and verbs taken from
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[Open Multilingual Wordnet](http://compling.hss.ntu.edu.sg/omw/) and [DictionarySpa](https://github.com/GrammaticalFramework/wide-coverage/blob/master/translator/DictionarySpa.gf) (mostly from Wiktionary).
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#### Multiwords
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Some thousands of multiwords are manually checked. As of February 2019, around 4000 are unchecked. Those are marked in [DictSpa](DictSpa.gf) with `-- to-check segmentation`.
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#### Morphology
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WIP.
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* Where there was a non-1-arg paradigm in the old resources, that is retained.
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* All verbs that overlap with IrregSpa use the IrregSpa definition.
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* Most of the manually checked multiwords are also checked for morphology, but naturally, errors do occur.
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## History and applications
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Some applications include:
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* [MOLTO phrasebook](http://www.molto-project.eu/sites/default/files/everyday.pdf)
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* GF Mathematical Grammar Library ([paper](http://www.molto-project.eu/sites/default/files/gf-mgl.pdf), [demo](http://cloud.grammaticalframework.org/minibar/minibar.html))
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* GF [Wide-Coverage translator](http://cloud.grammaticalframework.org/wc.html)
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## Maintainers
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Inari Listenmaa ([@inariksit](https://github.com/inariksit))
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Bruno Cuconato ([@odanoburu](https://github.com/odanoburu))
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