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Added more verb forms, see NEW: in MorphoGer.gf.

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harald2
2004-09-30 07:55:41 +00:00
parent 054dbbb39f
commit f7e066c8fa
4 changed files with 256 additions and 81 deletions
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286
lib/resource-0.6/german/MorphoGer.gf
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@@ -51,13 +51,16 @@ oper
-- Here are the school grammar declensions with their commonest variations.
-- Unfortunately we cannot define *Umlaut* in GF, but have to give two forms.
--
-- First declension, with plural "en"/"n", including weak masculins:
-- First declension, with plural "en"/"n", including weak masculines:
declN1 : Str -> CommNoun = \zahl ->
mkNoun2n zahl (zahl + "en") Fem ;
declN1in : Str -> CommNoun = \studentin ->
mkNoun2n studentin (studentin + "nen") Fem ;
declN1e : Str -> CommNoun = \stufe ->
mkNoun2n stufe (stufe + "n") Fem ;
mkNoun2n stufe (stufe + "n") Fem ;
declN1M : Str -> CommNoun = \junge -> let {jungen = junge + "n"} in
mkNoun junge jungen jungen jungen jungen jungen Masc ;
@@ -70,9 +73,15 @@ oper
declN2 : Str -> CommNoun = \punkt ->
mkNoun2es punkt (punkt+"e") Masc ;
declN2n : Str -> CommNoun = \bein ->
mkNoun2es bein (bein+"e") Neut ;
declN2i : Str -> CommNoun = \onkel ->
mkNoun2s onkel onkel Masc ;
declN2in : Str -> CommNoun = \segel ->
mkNoun2s segel segel Neut ;
declN2u : (_,_ : Str) -> CommNoun = \raum,räume ->
mkNoun2es raum räume Masc ;
@@ -105,9 +114,9 @@ oper
ProPN = {s : NPForm => Str ; n : Number ; p : Person} ;
mkPronPers : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Number -> Person -> ProPN =
\ich,mich,mir,meines,mein,n,p -> {
\ich,mich,mir,meiner,mein,n,p -> {
s = table {
NPCase c => caselist ich mich mir meines ! c ;
NPCase c => caselist ich mich mir meiner ! c ;
NPPoss gn c => mein + pronEnding ! gn ! c
} ;
n = n ;
@@ -121,11 +130,11 @@ oper
GPl => caselist "e" "e" "en" "er"
} ;
pronIch = mkPronPers "ich" "mich" "mir" "meines" "mein" Sg P1 ;
pronDu = mkPronPers "du" "dich" "dir" "deines" "dein" Sg P2 ;
pronEr = mkPronPers "er" "ihn" "ihm" "seines" "sein" Sg P3 ;
pronSie = mkPronPers "sie" "sie" "ihr" "ihres" "ihr" Sg P3 ;
pronEs = mkPronPers "es" "es" "ihm" "seines" "sein" Sg P3 ;
pronIch = mkPronPers "ich" "mich" "mir" "meiner" "mein" Sg P1 ;
pronDu = mkPronPers "du" "dich" "dir" "deiner" "dein" Sg P2 ;
pronEr = mkPronPers "er" "ihn" "ihm" "seiner" "sein" Sg P3 ;
pronSie = mkPronPers "sie" "sie" "ihr" "ihrer" "ihr" Sg P3 ;
pronEs = mkPronPers "es" "es" "ihm" "seiner" "sein" Sg P3 ;
pronWir = mkPronPers "wir" "uns" "uns" "unser" "unser" Pl P1 ;
pronSiePl = mkPronPers "sie" "sie" "ihnen" "ihrer" "ihr" Pl P3 ;
@@ -265,6 +274,7 @@ oper
adjCompReg3 billig (billig+"er") (billig+"st") ;
--OLD:
--2 Verbs
--
-- We limit ourselves to verbs in present tense infinitive, indicative,
@@ -274,55 +284,188 @@ oper
-- singular indicative, and the second person singular imperative.
-- We take care of the special cases "ten", "sen", "ln", "rn".
--
-- A famous law about Germanic languages says that plural first and third person
-- are similar.
-- A famous law about Germanic languages says that plural first and third
-- person are similar.
mkVerbum : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \geben, gib, gb, gegeben ->
--NEW (By Harald Hammarström):
--2 Verbs
-- The worst-case macro needs six forms:
-- x Infinitive,
-- x 3p sg pres. indicative,
-- x 2p sg imperative,
-- x 1/3p sg imperfect indicative,
-- x 1/3p sg imperfect subjunctive (because this uncommon form can have umlaut)
-- x the perfect participle
-- But you'll only want to use one of the five macros:
-- x weakVerb -- For a regular verb like legen
-- x verbGratulieren -- For a regular verb without ge- in the perfect
-- particple. Like gratulieren, beweisen etc
-- x verbStrongSingen -- A strong verb without umlauting present tense.
-- You'll need to supply the strong imperfect forms
-- as well as the participle.
-- x verbStrongSehen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres
-- indicative as well as the imperative. You'll
-- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in
-- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the
-- part participle.
-- x verbStrongLaufen -- A strong verb that umlauts in the 2/3p sg pres
-- indicative but NOT the imperative. You'll
-- need to give (only) the 3rd p sg pres ind. in
-- addition to the strong imperfect forms and the
-- part participle.
--
-- Things that are handled automatically
-- x Imperative e (although optional forms are not given)
-- x Extra e in verbs like arbeitete, regnet, findet, atmet.
-- NOTE: If pres. umlauting strong verbs are defined through the verbumStrong
-- macro (which they should) it is automatically handled so they avoid
-- falling into this rule e.g er tritt (rather than *er tritet)
-- x s is dropped in the 2p sg if appropriate du setzt
-- x verbs that end in -rn, -ln rather than -en
-- Things that are not handled:
-- x -ß-/-ss-
-- x Optional dropping of -e- in e.g wand(e)re etc
-- x Optional indicative forms instead of pres. subj. 2p sg. and 2p pl.
-- x (Weak) verbs without the ge- on the participle (in wait for a systematic
-- treatment of the insep. prefixes and stress). You have to manually use
-- the verbGratulieren for this. E.g do verbGratulieren "beweisen" -
-- verbWeak "beweisen" would yield *gebeweist.
impe : Str -> Str = \stem ->
let
e = ifTok Str (Predef.dp 2 stem) "ig" "e" [] ;
e2 = (adde stem)
in
e + e2 ;
adde : Str -> Str = \stem ->
let
eVowelorLiquid : Str -> Str = \u -> case u of {
"l" => "e" ;
"r" => "e" ;
"a" => "e" ;
"o" => "e" ;
"u" => "e" ;
"e" => "e" ;
"i" => "e" ;
"ü" => "e" ;
"ä" => "e" ;
"ö" => "e" ;
_ => []
} ;
eConsonantmn : Str -> Str -> Str = \nl, l ->
case l of {"m" => eVowelorLiquid nl ;
"n" => eVowelorLiquid nl ;
_ => []} ;
twolast = Predef.dp 2 stem ;
nl = Predef.tk 1 twolast ;
l = Predef.tk 1 stem ;
e = case l of {
"d" => "e" ;
"t" => "e" ;
_ => eConsonantmn nl l
} ;
in
e ;
mkVerbum : (_,_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \geben,gibt,gib,gab,gäbe,gegeben ->
let {
ifSibilant : Str -> Str -> Str -> Str = \u,b1,b2 -> case u of {
"s" => b1 ;
"x" => b1 ;
"z" => b1 ;
"ß" => b1 ;
_ => b2
} ;
en = Predef.dp 2 geben ;
geb = ifTok Tok (Predef.tk 1 en) "e" (Predef.tk 2 geben)(Predef.tk 1 geben) ;
gebt = ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 geb) "t" (geb + "et") (geb + "t") ;
gibst = ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 gib) "s" (gib + "t") (gib + "st") ;
gegebener = (adjReg gegeben).s
gebt = (adde geb) + "t" ;
gebte = ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 1 gab) "e" gab (gab + "e") ;
gibst = ifSibilant (Predef.dp 1 gib) (gib + "t") (gib + "st") ;
gegebener = (adjReg gegeben).s ;
} in table {
VInf => geben ;
VInd Sg P1 => geb + "e" ;
VInd Sg P2 => gibst ;
VInd Sg P3 => gib + "t" ;
VInd Pl P2 => gebt ;
VInd Pl _ => geben ; -- the famous law
VImp Sg => gb ;
VImp Pl => gebt ;
VPart a => gegebener ! a
} ;
VInf => geben ;
VInd Sg P1 => geb + "e" ;
VInd Sg P2 => gibst ;
VInd Sg P3 => gibt ;
VInd Pl P2 => gebt ;
VInd Pl _ => geben ; -- the famous law
VImp Sg => (impe gib) ;
VImp Pl => gebt ;
VSubj Sg P1 => geb + "e" ;
VSubj Sg P2 => geb + "est" ;
VSubj Sg P3 => geb + "e" ;
VSubj Pl P2 => geb + "et" ;
VSubj Pl _ => geben ;
VPresPart a => (adjReg (geben + "d")).s ! a ;
-- Regular verbs:
VImpfInd Sg P1 => gab ;
VImpfInd Sg P2 => (adde gab) + "st" ;
VImpfInd Sg P3 => gab ;
VImpfInd Pl P2 => gebte + "n" ;
VImpfInd Pl _ => gab + "t" ;
regVerb : Str -> Verbum = \legen ->
let {lege = ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 3 legen) "ten" (Predef.tk 1 legen) (
ifTok Tok (Predef.dp 2 legen) "en" (Predef.tk 2 legen) (
Predef.tk 1 legen))} in
mkVerbum legen lege lege ("ge" + (lege + "t")) ;
VImpfSubj Sg P1 => gäbe ;
VImpfSubj Sg P2 => gäbe + "st" ;
VImpfSubj Sg P3 => gäbe ;
VImpfSubj Pl P2 => gäbe + "n" ;
VImpfSubj Pl _ => gäbe + "t" ;
-- Verbs ending with "t"; now recognized in $mkVerbum$.
VPart a => gegebener ! a
} ;
-- Weak verbs:
verbumWeak : Str -> Verbum = \legen ->
let
leg = (Predef.dp 2 legen) ;
legte = leg + "te" ;
in
mkVerbum legen ((adde leg) + "t") leg legte legte ("ge" + (leg + "t")) ;
verbWarten : Str -> Verbum = regVerb ;
-- Verbs with Umlaut in the second and third person singular and imperative:
-- Weak verbs that don't have ge- in the participle
verbumGratulieren : Str -> Verbum = \gratulieren ->
let
gratulier = (Predef.dp 2 gratulieren) ;
gratulierte = gratulier + "te" ;
in
mkVerbum gratulieren ((adde gratulier) + "t") gratulier gratulierte gratulierte (gratulier + "t") ;
verbSehen : Str -> Str -> Str -> Verbum = \sehen, sieht, gesehen ->
let {sieh = Predef.tk 1 sieht} in mkVerbum sehen sieh sieh gesehen ;
-- Verbs with Umlaut in the second and third person singular but not imperative:
verbLaufen : Str -> Str -> Str -> Verbum = \laufen, läuft, gelaufen ->
let {läuf = Predef.tk 1 läuft ; laufe = Predef.tk 1 laufen}
in mkVerbum laufen läuf laufe gelaufen ;
-- Strong verbs (non-present-tense umlauting):
verbumStrongSingen : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \singen, sang, sänge, gesungen ->
let
sing = (Predef.dp 2 singen)
in
mkVerbum singen ((adde sing) + "t") sing sang sänge gesungen ;
-- Verbs with Umlaut in the 2nd and 3rd person singular and imperative:
verbumStrongSehen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \sehen,sieht,sah,sähe,gesehen ->
let
sieh = Predef.dp 1 sieht ;
in
mkVerbum sehen sieht sieh sah sähe gesehen ;
-- Verbs with Umlaut in the 2nd and 3rd person singular but not imperative:
-- (or any verb where the 3rd p sg pres ind is "special" and the 2p sg pres ind -- uses its stem.)
verbumStrongLaufen : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \laufen,läuft,lief,liefe,gelaufen ->
let
lauf = Predef.dp 2 laufen ;
in
mkVerbum laufen läuft lauf lief liefe gelaufen ;
-- The verb "be":
verbumSein : Verbum = let {
gewesen = (adjReg "gewesen").s
sein = verbumStrongSingen "sein" "war" "wäre" "gewesen" ;
} in
table {
VInf => "sein" ;
@@ -332,29 +475,40 @@ oper
VInd Pl P2 => "seid" ;
VInd Pl _ => "sind" ;
VImp Sg => "sei" ;
VImp Pl => "seiet" ;
VPart a => gewesen ! a
VImp Pl => "seid" ;
VSubj Sg P1 => "sei" ;
VSubj Sg P2 => (variants {"seiest" ; "seist"}) ;
VSubj Sg P3 => "sei" ;
VSubj Pl P2 => "seien" ;
VSubj Pl _ => "seiet" ;
VPresPart a => ((adjReg "seiend").s) ! a ;
v => sein ! v
} ;
-- auxiliary verbs
verbumAux : (_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \konnen,kann,kannst,gekonnt ->
let gekonn = (adjReg gekonnt).s in
-- Modal auxiliary verbs
verbumAux : (_,_,_,_,_ : Str) -> Verbum = \können,kann,konnte,könnte,gekonnt ->
let k = (verbumStrongLaufen können kann konnte könnte gekonnt)
in
table {
VInf => konnen ;
VInd Sg P1 => kann ;
VInd Sg P2 => kannst ;
VInd Sg P3 => kann ;
VInd Pl P2 => konnen ;
VInd Pl _ => konnen ;
VImp Sg => nonExist ;
VImp Pl => nonExist ;
VPart a => gekonn ! a
} ;
v => k ! v
} ;
verbumKönnen = verbumAux "können" "kann" "konnte" "könnte" "gekonnt" ;
verbumDürfen = verbumAux "dürfen" "darf" "durfte" "dürfte" "gedurft" ;
verbumMögen = verbumAux "mögen" "mag" "mochte" "möchte" "gemocht" ;
verbumMüssen = verbumAux "müssen" "muss" "musste" "müsste" "gemusst" ;
verbumSollen = verbumAux "sollen" "soll" "sollte" "söllte" "gesollt" ;
verbumWollen = verbumAux "wollen" "will" "wollte" "wöllte" "gewollt" ;
verbumWissen = verbumAux "wissen" "weiss" "wusste" "wüsste" "gewusst" ;
-- The verb "have":
verbumHaben : Verbum = let {
haben = (regVerb "haben")
verbumHaben : Verbum = let {
haben = (verbumStrongSingen "haben" "hatte" "hätte" "gehabt")
} in
table {
VInd Sg P2 => "hast" ;
@@ -364,17 +518,18 @@ oper
-- The verb "become", used as the passive auxiliary:
verbumWerden : Verbum = let {
werden = regVerb "werden" ;
geworden = (adjReg "geworden").s
verbumWerden : Verbum = let {
werden = (verbumStrongSingen "werden" "wurde" "würde" "geworden") ;
} in
table {
VInd Sg P2 => "wirst" ;
VInd Sg P3 => "wird" ;
VPart a => geworden ! a ;
v => werden ! v
} ;
-- A *full verb* ($Verb$) consists of the inflection forms ($Verbum$) and
-- a *particle* (e.g. "aus-sehen"). Simple verbs are the ones that have no
-- such particle.
@@ -386,7 +541,10 @@ oper
verbSein = mkVerbSimple verbumSein ;
verbHaben = mkVerbSimple verbumHaben ;
verbWerden = mkVerbSimple verbumWerden ;
verbGeben = mkVerbSimple (verbSehen "geben" "gibt" "gegeben") ;
-- Apparently needed for "es gibt" etc
verbGeben = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSehen "geben" "gibt" "gab" "gäbe" "gegeben") ;
{-
-- tests for optimizer
@@ -399,11 +557,11 @@ oper
VInd Pl P2 => "seid" ;
VInd Pl _ => "sind" ;
VImp Sg => "sei" ;
VImp Pl => "seiet" ;
VImp Pl => "seid" ;
VPart a => (adjReg "gewesen").s ! a
} ;
verbumHaben2 : Verbum =
verbumHaben2 : Verbum =
table {
VInd Sg P2 => "hast" ;
VInd Sg P3 => "hat" ;

8
lib/resource-0.6/german/StructuralGer.gf
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@@ -92,13 +92,13 @@ lin
CanVV =
mkVerbSimple (verbumAux "können" "kann" "kannst" "gekonnt") ** {isAux = True} ;
mkVerbSimple (verbumKönnen) ** {isAux = True} ;
CanKnowVV =
mkVerbSimple (verbumAux "können" "kann" "kannst" "gekonnt") ** {isAux = True} ;
mkVerbSimple (verbumKönnen) ** {isAux = True} ;
MustVV =
mkVerbSimple (verbumAux "müssen" "muss" "musst" "gemusst") ** {isAux = True} ;
mkVerbSimple (verbumMüssen) ** {isAux = True} ;
WantVV =
mkVerbSimple (verbumAux "wollen" "will" "willst" "gewollt") ** {isAux = True} ;
mkVerbSimple (verbumWollen) ** {isAux = True} ;
EverywhereNP = ss "überall" ;

24
lib/resource-0.6/german/TestResourceGer.gf
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@@ -24,18 +24,18 @@ lin
House = declN3uS "Haus" "Häuser" ;
Light = declN3 "Licht" ;
Bar = declNs "Bar" ;
Walk = mkVerbSimple (verbLaufen "gehen" "geht" "gegangen") ;
Run = mkVerbSimple (verbLaufen "laufen" "läuft" "gelaufen") ;
Say = mkVerbSimple (regVerb "sagen") ;
Prove = mkVerbSimple (regVerb "beweisen") ;
Send = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbLaufen "senden" "sendet" "gesandt")) [] Acc;
Drink = transDir (mkVerbSimple (verbLaufen "trinken" "trinkt" "getrunken")) ;
Love = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (regVerb "lieben")) [] Acc ;
Wait = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbWarten "warten")) "auf" Acc ;
Walk = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "gehen" "ging" "ginge" "gegangen") ;
Run = mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongLaufen "laufen" "läuft" "lief" "liefe" "gelaufen") ;
Say = mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "sagen") ;
Prove = mkVerbSimple (verbumGratulieren "beweisen") ; --without ge
Send = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "senden" "sandte" "sändte" "gesandt")) [] Acc;
Drink = transDir (mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSingen "trinken" "trank" "tränke" "getrunken")) ;
Love = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "lieben")) [] Acc ;
Wait = mkTransVerb (mkVerbSimple (verbumWeak "warten")) "auf" Acc ;
Give = mkDitransVerb
(mkVerbSimple (verbLaufen "geben" "gibt" "gegeben")) [] Dat [] Acc ;
(mkVerbSimple (verbumStrongSehen "geben" "gibt" "gab" "gäbe" "gegeben")) [] Dat [] Acc ;
Prefer = mkDitransVerb
(mkVerb (verbLaufen "ziehen" "zieht" "gezogen") "vor") [] Acc "vor" Dat ;
(mkVerb (verbumStrongSingen "ziehen" "zog" "zöge" "gezogen") "vor") [] Acc "vor" Dat ;
Mother = mkFunC (n2n (declN2uF "Mutter" "Mütter")) "von" Dat ;
Uncle = mkFunC (n2n (declN2i "Onkel")) "von" Dat ;
Connection = mkFunC (n2n (declN1 "Verbindung")) "von" Dat **
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ lin
Always = mkAdverb "immer" ;
Well = mkAdverb "gut" ;
SwitchOn = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbWarten "schalten") "auf") [] Acc ;
SwitchOff = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbWarten "schalten") "aus") [] Acc ;
SwitchOn = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbumWeak "schalten") "auf") [] Acc ;
SwitchOff = mkTransVerb (mkVerb (verbumWeak "schalten") "aus") [] Acc ;
John = mkProperName "Johann" ;
Mary = mkProperName "Maria" ;

19
lib/resource-0.6/german/TypesGer.gf
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@@ -75,7 +75,24 @@ param Degree = Pos | Comp | Sup ;
-- We have a reduced conjugation with only the present tense infinitive,
-- indicative, and imperative forms, and past participles.
param VForm = VInf | VInd Number Person | VImp Number | VPart AForm ;
param VForm = VInf |
VInd Number Person |
VImp Number |
VSubj Number Person |
VImpfInd Number Person |
VImpfSubj Number Person |
VPresPart AForm |
VPart AForm ;
{--
param Tense = Pres | Impf ;
VInf |
VInd Tense Number Person |
VSubj Tense Number Person |
VImp Number |
VPresPart AForm |
VPart AForm ;
--}
oper Verbum : Type = VForm => Str ;