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Merge pull request #280 from inariksit/somali

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Somali
This commit is contained in:
Inari Listenmaa
2019-08-28 16:07:57 +02:00
committed by GitHub
parent 7a6678d4f5 259b75753e
commit 3e84f29d97
12 changed files with 136 additions and 41 deletions
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7
src/somali/CatSom.gf
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@@ -98,7 +98,6 @@ concrete CatSom of Cat = CommonX - [Adv] ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
-- additional lexicon modules.
V,
VV, -- verb-phrase-complement verb e.g. "want" -- TODO: VPs that have sentential complement use waxa as stm? see Nilsson p. 68
VS, -- sentence-complement verb e.g. "claim"
-- TODO: eventually different lincats
VQ, -- question-complement verb e.g. "wonder"
@@ -106,7 +105,9 @@ concrete CatSom of Cat = CommonX - [Adv] ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
V2V, -- verb with NP and V complement e.g. "cause"
V2S, -- verb with NP and S complement e.g. "tell"
V2Q, -- verb with NP and Q complement e.g. "ask"
V2A = ResSom.Verb ; -- verb with NP and AP complement e.g. "paint"
V2A = ResSom.Verb ; -- verb with NP and AP complement e.g. "paint"
VV = ResSom.VV ; -- verb-phrase-complement verb e.g. "want"
V2 = ResSom.Verb2 ;
V3 = ResSom.Verb3 ;
@@ -123,7 +124,7 @@ concrete CatSom of Cat = CommonX - [Adv] ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
linref
-- Cl = linCl ;
VP = linVP VInf ;
VP = infVP ;
CN = linCN ;
Prep = \prep -> prep.s ! P3_Prep ++ prep.sii ++ prep.dhex ++ prep.miscAdv ! Sg3 Masc ;
S = \s -> linBaseCl (s.s ! False) ;

2
src/somali/IdiomSom.gf
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@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ concrete IdiomSom of Idiom = CatSom ** open Prelude, ResSom, VerbSom in {
} ;
{- TODO: Saeed p. 92 optative
{- TODO: Saeed p. 92 and 207, optative
-- : VP -> Utt ; -- let's go
ImpPl1 vp = { } ;

2
src/somali/LexiconSom.gf
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@@ -312,7 +312,7 @@ lin see_V2 = mkV2 "ark" ;
-- lin send_V3 = mkV3 "" ;
-- lin sew_V = mkV "" ;
-- lin sharp_A = mkA "" ;
-- lin sheep_N = mkN "" ;
lin sheep_N = mkN "lax" fem ;
-- lin ship_N = mkN "" ;
-- lin shirt_N = mkN "" ;
-- lin shoe_N = mkN "" ;

11
src/somali/NounSom.gf
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@@ -23,12 +23,11 @@ concrete NounSom of Noun = CatSom ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
-- If cn has modifier, Nom ending attaches to the modifier
<_,Nom,True,_,_> => {nf=Def det.n ; c=Abs} ;
-- Definite
<_,_,False,Definite,n> => {nf=Def n ; c=c} ;
-- a Det with st=Indefinite uses Indef forms
<_,_,_,Indefinite,n> => {nf=Indef n ; c=c} ;
<_,_,False,Indefinite,n> => {nf=Indef n ; c=c} ;
_ => {nf=Def det.n ; c=c} -- TODO check
-- All other determiners use the definite stem
_ => {nf=Def det.n ; c=c}
} ;
art = gda2da cn.gda ! det.n ;
num = case det.isNum of {True => Sg ; _ => det.n} ;
@@ -257,7 +256,7 @@ concrete NounSom of Noun = CatSom ** open ResSom, Prelude in {
mod = \\st,n,c => --what to do with subject case if there's both adj and RS?
cn.mod ! st ! n ! Abs
++ andConj st cn.hasMod
++ rs.s ! st ! gennum cn n ! c ;
++ rs.s ! st ! gennum cn Sg ! c ; -- gennum cn Sg, because plural form is only for 1st person plural
hasMod = True ;
} ;

22
src/somali/ParadigmsSom.gf
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@@ -32,6 +32,11 @@ oper
u : Preposition ;
noPrep : Preposition ;
-- TODO: add subjunctive too!
VVForm : Type ; -- Argument to give to mkVV
infinitive : VVForm ; -- Takes its complement in infinitive
waa_in : VVForm ; -- No explicit verb, just uses "waa in" construction
--2 Nouns
@@ -85,6 +90,11 @@ oper
mkV3 : V -> (_,_ : Preposition) -> V2 ; -- Already constructed verb with preposition
} ;
mkVV : overload {
mkVV : (kar : Str) -> VV ; -- VV that takes its complement in infinitive.
mkVV : VVForm -> VV ; -- VV such as "waa in"
} ;
-- TODO: actual constructors
-- mkVA : Str -> VA = \s -> lin VA (mkVerb s) ;
--
@@ -161,6 +171,10 @@ oper
la = ResSom.La ;
u = ResSom.U ;
noPrep = ResSom.NoPrep ;
VVForm = Bool ;
infinitive = False ;
waa_in = True ;
------------------------
mkN = overload {
@@ -217,6 +231,14 @@ oper
mkV3 : V -> (_,_ : Preposition) -> V2 = \v,p,q -> lin V3 (v ** {c2 = p ; c3 = q}) ;
} ;
mkVV = overload {
mkVV : (kar : Str) -> VV -- VV that takes its complement in infinitive.
= \kar -> lin VV ({isVS=False} ** mkV kar) ;
mkVV : VVForm -> VV -- VV such as "waa in"
= \b -> let dummyV : V = mkV "in"
in lin VV (dummyV ** {isVS=b ; s = \\_ => "in"})
} ;
possPrep : N -> CatSom.Prep = \dhex -> emptyPrep ** {
miscAdv = \\agr =>
let qnt = PossPron (pronTable ! agr) ;

9
src/somali/ParamSom.gf
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@@ -288,6 +288,7 @@ param
1/2SG/3SG M/2PL/3PL suga (VRel MascSg)
3 SG F sugta (VRel FemSg)
1PL sugna (VRel PlInv) -}
| VRelNeg -- Saeed p. 211 have: lahayn, be: ahayni
| VNegCond GenNum ;
VAgr =
@@ -315,6 +316,14 @@ oper
Pl1 _ => Pl1_ ; Pl2 => Pl2_ ; Pl3 => Pl3_
} ;
isNeg : VForm -> Bool = \vf -> case vf of {
VNegPast _ => True ;
VNegCond _ => True ;
VRelNeg => True ;
VImp _ Neg => True ;
VPres _ _ Neg => True ;
_ => False
} ;
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Clauses

3
src/somali/RelativeSom.gf
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@@ -18,7 +18,8 @@ lin
rclSubord = mergeRCl (cls.s ! True) ;
rclStatement = mergeRCl (cls.s ! False) ;
in rp.s ++ case <gn,c,t,a,p> of {
<g,Abs,Pres,Simul,Pos> => linVP (VRel g) vp ; -- reduced present only in absolutive
<g,Abs,Pres,Simul,Pos> => linVP (VRel g) Subord vp ; -- reduced present only in absolutive
<_,Abs,Pres,Simul,Neg> => linVP VRelNeg Subord vp ; -- special form for have and be
<_,Nom,Pres,Simul,Pos> => rclStatement.s ! t ! a ! p ; -- the usual forms, not subordinate
_ => rclSubord.s ! t ! a ! p } -- the rest is Subord because of negation.
} ;

68
src/somali/ResSom.gf
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@@ -471,6 +471,8 @@ oper
Verb2 : Type = Verb ** {c2 : Preposition} ;
Verb3 : Type = Verb2 ** {c3 : Preposition} ;
VV : Type = Verb ** {isVS : Bool} ;
-- Saeed page 79:
-- "… the reference form is the imperative singular form
-- since it corresponds to the form of the basic root."
@@ -561,7 +563,8 @@ oper
VInf => arki ;
VRel SgMasc => qaat + "a" ;
VRel SgFem => arag + t + "a" ;
VRel PlInv => arag + "na"
VRel PlInv => arag + "na" ;
VRelNeg => qaat + "o" -- TODO check
} ;
sii, dhex = [] ;
@@ -630,8 +633,8 @@ oper
VNegCond SgMasc => "ahaadeen" ; -- 1SG/3 SG M/3PL
VNegCond SgFem => "ahaateen" ; -- 2SG/3 SG F/2PL
VNegCond PlInv => "ahaanneen" ; -- 1PL
--VRelShort => "ah" ;
VRel _ => "ah" ; -- TODO find right forms
VRel _ => "ah" ; -- All persons: see Nilsson p. 78. TODO check Saeed p. 103
VRelNeg => "ahayni" ; -- Saeed
VInf => "ahaan" ;
VImp Sg pol => if_then_Pol pol "ahaw" "ahaanin" ;
VImp Pl pol => if_then_Pol pol "ahaada" "ahaanina" ;
@@ -649,10 +652,19 @@ oper
VPres _ Pl1_ Pos => "leenahay" ;
VPres _ Pl2_ Pos => "leedihiin" ;
VPres _ Pl3_ Pos => "leeyihiin" ;
VPres _ Sg1_Sg3Masc Neg => "lihi" ;
VPres _ Sg2_Sg3Fem Neg => "lihid" ;
VPres _ Pl1_ Neg => "lihin" ;
VPres _ Pl2_ Neg => "lihidin" ;
VPres _ Pl3_ Neg => "laha" ;
VNegPast _ => "lahayn" ;
VPast asp agr => "l" + copula.s ! VPast asp agr ;
VNegCond agr => "l" + copula.s ! VNegCond agr ;
-- VRelShort => "leh" ;
VRel _ => "leh" ; -- TODO find right forms
VRel _ => "leh" ; -- All persons: see Nilsson p. 78
VRelNeg => "lahayn" ;
x => hold_V.s ! x }
} ;
@@ -691,7 +703,7 @@ oper
c2 : PrepCombination ; -- Prepositions can combine together and with object pronoun.
obj2 : NPLite ; -- {s : Str ; a : PrepAgr}
secObj : Str ; -- if two overt pronoun objects
vComp : Str ; -- VV complement
vComp : {pr,pst : Str} -- VV complement
} ;
VPSlash : Type = VerbPhrase ;
@@ -699,7 +711,8 @@ oper
useV : Verb -> VerbPhrase = \v -> v ** {
comp = \\_ => <[],[]> ;
pred = case v.isCopula of {True => Copula ; _ => NoPred} ;
vComp,berri,miscAdv,refl = [] ;
vComp = {pr,pst = []} ;
berri,miscAdv,refl = [] ;
c2 = Single NoPrep ;
obj2 = {s = [] ; a = P3_Prep} ;
secObj = []
@@ -839,26 +852,39 @@ oper
Statement => case <p,vp.pred,subj.a> of {
<Pos,Copula|NoCopula,Pl3|Sg3 _> => {p1 = "waa" ; p2 = []} ;
_ => stmarkerNoContr ! subj.a ! p }} ;
in (wordOrder subjnoun subjpron stm obj pred vp) ;
in wordOrder subjnoun stm obj pred vp cltyp ;
} where {
vp : VerbPhrase = case isPassive vps of {
True => complSlash (insertComp vps np) ;
_ => complSlash vps } ;
subj : NounPhrase = case isPassive vps of {True => impersNP ; _ => np}
subj : NounPhrase = case isPassive vps of {
True => impersNP ;
_ => np }
} ;
wordOrder : (sn,sp : Str) -> (stm,obj : {p1,p2 : Str}) -> {fin,inf : Str} -> VerbPhrase -> BaseCl =
\subjnoun,subjpron,stm,obj,pred,vp -> {
wordOrder : (sn : Str) -> (stm,obj : {p1,p2 : Str}) -> {fin,inf : Str} -> VerbPhrase -> ClType -> BaseCl =
\subjnoun,stm,obj,pred,vp,cltyp -> {
{- Saeed p. 210-211: "The relative clause resembles a main clause in syntax
except that the tendency for verb final order is much stronger. [..] Certain
elements such as subject clitic pronouns, and the negative word aan 'not' are
attracted to the head nominal and thus move away from the verbal group."
-}
beforeSTM = vp.berri -- AdV
++ subjnoun -- subject if it's a noun
++ obj.p1 ; -- object if it's a noun
stm = stm.p1 ; -- sentence type marker
afterSTM = stm.p2 -- possible subj. pronoun
++ case cltyp of {
Subord => [] ;
_ => obj.p1 } ; -- noun object if it's a statement
stm = stm.p1 ; -- sentence type marker; empty if subordinate and positive
afterSTM = vp.vComp.pr -- "waa in" construction
++ stm.p2 -- possible subj. pronoun
++ case cltyp of {
Subord => obj.p1 ; -- noun object if it's subordinate clause
_ => [] }
++ obj.p2 -- object if it's a pronoun
++ vp.sii -- restricted set of particles
++ vp.dhex -- restricted set of nouns/adverbials
++ vp.secObj -- "second object"
++ vp.vComp -- VV complement
++ vp.vComp.pst -- VV complement
++ pred.inf -- potential infinitive/participle
++ pred.fin -- the verb inflected
++ vp.miscAdv } ; ---- NB. Only used if there are several adverbs.
@@ -903,7 +929,7 @@ oper
_ => vfStatement t ant p agr vp
} ; -- TODO other relative forms
infVP : VerbPhrase -> Str = linVP VInf ;
infVP : VerbPhrase -> Str = linVP VInf Statement ;
stmarkerContr : Agreement => Polarity => Str = \\a,b =>
let stm = if_then_Pol b "w" "m"
@@ -926,11 +952,15 @@ oper
-- linrefs
oper
linVP : VForm -> VerbPhrase -> Str = \vf,vp ->
linVP : VForm -> ClType -> VerbPhrase -> Str = \vf,cltyp,vp ->
let vp' = complSlash vp ;
inf = {inf = vp.s ! vf ; fin=[]} ;
wo = wordOrder [] [] {p1,p2=[]} (vp'.comp ! pagr2agr vp.obj2.a) inf vp' ;
in wo.beforeSTM ++ wo.afterSTM ;
stm = case <cltyp,isNeg vf> of {
<Subord,True> => {p1 = "aan" ; p2 = []} ;
_ => {p1,p2 = []}
} ;
wo = wordOrder [] stm (vp'.comp ! pagr2agr vp.obj2.a) inf vp' cltyp ;
in wo.beforeSTM ++ wo.stm ++ wo.afterSTM ;
linCN : CNoun -> Str = \cn -> cn.s ! Indef Sg ++ cn.mod ! Indefinite ! Sg ! Abs ;
linAdv : Adverb -> Str = \adv ->

8
src/somali/StructuralSom.gf
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@@ -176,11 +176,11 @@ lin yes_Utt = ss "haa" ;
-------
-- Verb
lin have_V2 = mkV2 have_V noPrep ;
lin have_V2 = mkV2 have_V noPrep ; -- TODO: check if {sii = "l" ++ BIND ; isCopula=True} makes sense for present tense negative
lin can8know_VV = can_VV ; -- can (capacity)
lin can_VV = mkV "kar" ; -- can (possibility)
{-lin must_VV = mkV "" ;
lin want_VV = mkV "" ;
lin can_VV = mkVV "kar" ; -- can (possibility)
lin must_VV = mkVV waa_in ;
{-lin want_VV = mkV "" ;
------

16
src/somali/VerbSom.gf
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@@ -15,10 +15,18 @@ lin
ReflVP = ResSom.insertRefl ;
-- : VV -> VP -> VP ;
ComplVV vv vp = vp ** { -- check Saeed p. 169
s = vv.s ;
vComp = vp.vComp ++ vp.s ! VInf ;
pred = NoPred ;
ComplVV vv vp = let vc = vp.vComp in case vv.isVS of {
True => vp ** {
vComp = vc ** {pr = vv.s ! VInf} ;
obj2 = vp.obj2 ** {s = []} ; -- word order hack to avoid more parameters:
miscAdv = vp.miscAdv ++ vp.obj2.s -- dump it all to miscAdv
} ;
False => vp ** {
s = vv.s ; -- check Saeed p. 169
vComp = vc ** {pst = vc.pst ++ vp.s ! VInf} ;
pred = NoPred ;
}
} ;
-- : VS -> S -> VP ;

21
src/somali/unittest/cl.gftest
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@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
-- Restrictive relative clauses (RelCN)
-- Saeed p. 213
-- LangEng: the books that the men buy
LangSom: buugaag BIND ta niman BIND ku iibsadaan
@@ -14,7 +15,7 @@ LangSom: niman BIND ka buugaag BIND ta iibsada
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttNP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN man_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (UseN book_N)))))))) NoVoc
-- LangEng: the men that don't buy the books
LangSom: niman BIND ka buugaag BIND ta aan iibsado
LangSom: niman BIND ka aan buugaag BIND ta iibsado
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttNP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN man_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (UseN book_N)))))))) NoVoc
@@ -23,7 +24,7 @@ LangSom: niman BIND ka buugaag BIND ta iibsadaa waa kuwan
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN man_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (UseN book_N))))))) (UseComp (CompNP (DetNP (DetQuant this_Quant NumPl))))))) NoVoc
-- LangEng: the men that don't buy the books are these
LangSom: niman BIND ka buugaag BIND ta aan iibsado waa kuwan
LangSom: niman BIND ka aan buugaag BIND ta iibsado waa kuwan
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN man_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (RelVP IdRP (ComplSlash (SlashV2a buy_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumPl) (UseN book_N))))))) (UseComp (CompNP (DetNP (DetQuant this_Quant NumPl))))))) NoVoc
@@ -45,6 +46,22 @@ Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (DetCN (DetQ
LangSom: naag BIND ta aad ku bartay
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttNP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN woman_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPast ASimul) PPos (RelSlash IdRP (SlashVP (UsePron youSg_Pron) (SlashV2a teach_V2))))))) NoVoc
-- Combine with passive
-- LangEng: the woman that was taught
LangSom: naag BIND ta lagu baray
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttNP (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (RelCN (UseN woman_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPast ASimul) PPos (RelVP IdRP (PassV2 teach_V2)))))) NoVoc
-- Negative forms
-- LangEng: sheep that aren't black don't see you
LangSom: lax aan madow aha ku BIND ma arkaan
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (PredVP (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN sheep_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (RelVP IdRP (UseComp (CompAP (PositA black_A))))))) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a see_V2) (UsePron youPol_Pron))))) NoVoc
-- LangEng: you don't see sheep that aren't black
LangSom: laxo aan madow ahayni ma aragto
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (PredVP (UsePron youPol_Pron) (ComplSlash (SlashV2a see_V2) (DetCN (DetQuant IndefArt NumPl) (RelCN (UseN sheep_N) (UseRCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PNeg (RelVP IdRP (UseComp (CompAP (PositA black_A))))))))))) NoVoc
-- Appositive relative clauses (RelNP)
-- LangEng: he , that the men see

8
src/somali/unittest/vp.gftest
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@@ -70,6 +70,14 @@ Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (GenericCl (ComplVV
LangSom: in uu imanayo waa aynu ogaannay
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPast ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron we_Pron) (ComplVS know_VS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron he_Pron) (ProgrVP (UseV come_V)))))))) NoVoc
-- LangEng: you must see mother of the cat
LangSom: waa in aad aragtaa bisad BIND da hooya BIND deed
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (PredVP (UsePron youPol_Pron) (ComplVV must_VV (ComplSlash (SlashV2a see_V2) (MassNP (ComplN2 mother_N2 (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN cat_N))))))))) NoVoc
-- LangEng: the mother of the cat must be seen
LangSom: waa in la arkaa bisad BIND da hooya BIND deed
Lang: PhrUtt NoPConj (UttS (UseCl (TTAnt TPres ASimul) PPos (GenericCl (ComplVV must_VV (ComplSlash (SlashV2a see_V2) (MassNP (ComplN2 mother_N2 (DetCN (DetQuant DefArt NumSg) (UseN cat_N))))))))) NoVoc
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Adverbials