new version of extend

src/latin/ExtendLat.gf

@@ -1,9 +1,248 @@
-concrete ExtendLat of Extend = CatLat ** ExtendFunctor-[VPS,ComplDirectVQ,ComplDirectVS,CompIQuant,EmptyRelSlash,ExistsNP,ExistCN,ExistMassCN,ExistPluralCN,GenModNP,PredAPVP,PredIAdvVP,SlashBareV2S,StrandQuestSlash,StrandRelSlash] with (Grammar=GrammarLat) ** open MissingLat in {
-  lincat
-    VPS = Comp ;
+--1 Extensions of core RGL syntax (the Grammar module)
+
+-- This module defines syntax rules that are not yet implemented in all
+-- languages, and perhaps never implementable either. But all rules are given
+-- a default implementation in common/ExtendFunctor.gf so that they can be included
+-- in the library API. The default implementations are meant to be overridden in each
+-- xxxxx/ExtendXxx.gf when the work proceeds.
+--
+-- This module is aimed to replace the original Extra.gf, which is kept alive just
+-- for backwardcommon compatibility. It will also replace translator/Extensions.gf
+-- and thus eliminate the often duplicated work in those two modules.
+--
+-- (c) Aarne Ranta 2017-08-20 under LGPL and BSD
+
+
+concrete ExtendLat of Extend = CatLat ** open ResLat in {
+
   lin
-    -- ComplDirectVS : VS -> Utt -> VP ;      -- say: "today"
-    ComplDirectVS vs utt = AdvVP (UseV <lin V vs : V>) (lin Adv {s = \\_ => ":" ++ quoted utt.s}) ; -- DEFAULT complement added as Adv in quotes
-    -- ComplDirectVQ : VQ -> Utt -> VP ;      -- ask: "when"
-    ComplDirectVQ vq utt = AdvVP (UseV <lin V vq : V>) (lin Adv {s = \\_ => ":" ++ quoted utt.s}) ; -- DEFAULT complement added as Adv in quotes
-} ;
+--     GenNP       : NP -> Quant ;       -- this man's
+--     GenIP       : IP -> IQuant ;      -- whose
+--     GenRP       : Num -> CN -> RP ;   -- whose car
+
+-- -- In case the first two are not available, the following applications should in any case be.
+
+--     GenModNP    : Num -> NP -> CN -> NP ; -- this man's car(s)
+--     GenModIP    : Num -> IP -> CN -> IP ; -- whose car(s)
+
+--     CompBareCN  : CN -> Comp ;        -- (is) teacher
+
+--     StrandQuestSlash : IP -> ClSlash -> QCl ;   -- whom does John live with
+--     StrandRelSlash   : RP -> ClSlash -> RCl ;   -- that he lives in
+--     EmptyRelSlash    : ClSlash       -> RCl ;   -- he lives in
+
+
+-- -- $VP$ conjunction, separate categories for finite and infinitive forms (VPS and VPI, respectively)
+-- -- covering both in the same category leads to spurious VPI parses because VPS depends on many more tenses
+
+--   cat
+--     VPS ;           -- finite VP's with tense and polarity
+--     [VPS] {2} ;
+--     VPI ;
+--     [VPI] {2} ;     -- infinitive VP's (TODO: with anteriority and polarity)
+
+--   fun
+--     MkVPS      : Temp -> Pol -> VP -> VPS ;  -- hasn't slept
+--     ConjVPS    : Conj -> [VPS] -> VPS ;      -- has walked and won't sleep
+--     PredVPS    : NP   -> VPS -> S ;          -- she [has walked and won't sleep]
+
+--     MkVPI      : VP -> VPI ;                 -- to sleep (TODO: Ant and Pol)
+--     ConjVPI    : Conj -> [VPI] -> VPI ;      -- to sleep and to walk
+--     ComplVPIVV : VV   -> VPI -> VP ;         -- must sleep and walk
+
+-- -- the same for VPSlash, taking a complement with shared V2 verbs
+
+--   cat
+--     VPS2 ;        -- have loved (binary version of VPS)
+--     [VPS2] {2} ;  -- has loved, hates"
+--     VPI2 ;        -- to love (binary version of VPI)
+--     [VPI2] {2} ;  -- to love, to hate
+
+--   fun
+--     MkVPS2    : Temp -> Pol -> VPSlash -> VPS2 ;  -- has loved
+--     ConjVPS2  : Conj -> [VPS2] -> VPS2 ;          -- has loved and now hates
+--     ComplVPS2 : VPS2 -> NP -> VPS ;               -- has loved and now hates that person
+
+--     MkVPI2    : VPSlash -> VPI2 ;                 -- to love
+--     ConjVPI2  : Conj -> [VPI2] -> VPI2 ;          -- to love and hate
+--     ComplVPI2 : VPI2 -> NP -> VPI ;               -- to love and hate that person
+
+--   fun
+--     ProDrop : Pron -> Pron ;  -- unstressed subject pronoun becomes empty: "am tired"
+
+--     ICompAP : AP -> IComp ;   -- "how old"
+--     IAdvAdv : Adv -> IAdv ;   -- "how often"
+
+--     CompIQuant : IQuant -> IComp ;   -- which (is it) [agreement to NP]
+
+--     PrepCN     : Prep -> CN -> Adv ; -- by accident [Prep + CN without article]
+
+--   -- fronted/focal constructions, only for main clauses
+
+--   fun
+--     FocusObj : NP  -> SSlash  -> Utt ;   -- her I love
+--     FocusAdv : Adv -> S       -> Utt ;   -- today I will sleep
+--     FocusAdV : AdV -> S       -> Utt ;   -- never will I sleep
+--     FocusAP  : AP  -> NP      -> Utt ;   -- green was the tree
+
+--   -- participle constructions
+--     PresPartAP    : VP -> AP ;   -- (the man) looking at Mary
+--     EmbedPresPart : VP -> SC ;   -- looking at Mary (is fun)
+
+    --     PastPartAP      : VPSlash -> AP ;         -- lost (opportunity) ; (opportunity) lost in space
+    PastPartAP vp = { s = vp.part ! VPassPerf } ;
+--     PastPartAgentAP : VPSlash -> NP -> AP ;   -- (opportunity) lost by the company
+
+-- -- this is a generalization of Verb.PassV2 and should replace it in the future.
+
+--     PassVPSlash : VPSlash -> VP ; -- be forced to sleep
+
+-- -- the form with an agent may result in a different linearization
+-- -- from an adverbial modification by an agent phrase.
+
+--     PassAgentVPSlash : VPSlash -> NP -> VP ;  -- be begged by her to go
+
+-- -- publishing of the document
+
+--     NominalizeVPSlashNP : VPSlash -> NP -> NP ;
+
+-- -- counterpart to ProgrVP, for VPSlash
+
+--     ProgrVPSlash : VPSlash -> VPSlash;
+
+-- -- existential for mathematics
+
+--     ExistsNP : NP -> Cl ;  -- there exists a number / there exist numbers
+
+-- -- existentials with a/no variation
+
+--     ExistCN       : CN -> Cl ;  -- there is a car / there is no car
+--     ExistMassCN   : CN -> Cl ;  -- there is beer / there is no beer
+--     ExistPluralCN : CN -> Cl ;  -- there are trees / there are no trees
+
+-- -- generalisation of existential, with adverb as a parameter
+--     AdvIsNP : Adv -> NP -> Cl ;  -- here is the tree / here are the trees
+--     AdvIsNPAP : Adv -> NP -> AP -> Cl ; -- here are the instructions documented
+
+-- -- infinitive for purpose AR 21/8/2013
+
+--     PurposeVP : VP -> Adv ;  -- to become happy
+
+-- -- object S without "that"
+
+--     ComplBareVS  : VS  -> S  -> VP ;       -- say she runs
+--     SlashBareV2S : V2S -> S  -> VPSlash ;  -- answer (to him) it is good
+
+--     ComplDirectVS : VS -> Utt -> VP ;      -- say: "today"
+--     ComplDirectVQ : VQ -> Utt -> VP ;      -- ask: "when"
+
+-- -- front the extraposed part
+
+--     FrontComplDirectVS : NP -> VS -> Utt -> Cl ;      -- "I am here", she said
+--     FrontComplDirectVQ : NP -> VQ -> Utt -> Cl ;      -- "where", she asked
+
+-- -- proper structure of "it is AP to VP"
+
+--     PredAPVP : AP -> VP -> Cl ;      -- it is good to walk
+
+-- -- to use an AP as CN or NP without CN
+
+--     AdjAsCN : AP -> CN ;   -- a green one ; en grön (Swe)
+--     AdjAsNP : AP -> NP ;   -- green (is good)
+
+-- -- infinitive complement for IAdv
+
+--     PredIAdvVP : IAdv -> VP -> QCl ; -- how to walk?
+
+-- -- alternative to EmbedQS. For English, EmbedQS happens to work,
+-- -- because "what" introduces question and relative. The default linearization
+-- -- could be e.g. "the thing we did (was fun)".
+
+--     EmbedSSlash : SSlash -> SC  ;   -- what we did (was fun)
+
+-- -- reflexive noun phrases: a generalization of Verb.ReflVP, which covers just reflexive pronouns
+-- -- This is necessary in languages like Swedish, which have special reflexive possessives.
+-- -- However, it is also needed in application grammars that want to treat "brush one's teeth" as a one-place predicate.
+
+--   cat
+--     RNP ;     -- reflexive noun phrase, e.g. "my family and myself"
+--     RNPList ; -- list of reflexives to be coordinated, e.g. "my family, myself, everyone"
+
+-- -- Notice that it is enough for one NP in RNPList to be RNP.
+
+--   fun
+--     ReflRNP : VPSlash -> RNP -> VP ;   -- love my family and myself
+
+--     ReflPron : RNP ;                   -- myself
+--     ReflPoss : Num -> CN -> RNP ;      -- my car(s)
+
+--     PredetRNP : Predet -> RNP -> RNP ; -- all my brothers
+
+--     ConjRNP : Conj -> RNPList -> RNP ;  -- my family, John and myself
+
+--     Base_rr_RNP : RNP -> RNP -> RNPList ;       -- my family, myself
+--     Base_nr_RNP : NP  -> RNP -> RNPList ;       -- John, myself
+--     Base_rn_RNP : RNP -> NP  -> RNPList ;       -- myself, John
+--     Cons_rr_RNP : RNP -> RNPList -> RNPList ;   -- my family, myself, John
+--     Cons_nr_RNP : NP  -> RNPList -> RNPList ;   -- John, my family, myself
+-- ----    Cons_rn_RNP : RNP -> ListNP  -> RNPList ;   -- myself, John, Mary
+
+
+-- --- from Extensions
+
+--   ComplGenVV  : VV -> Ant -> Pol -> VP  -> VP ;         -- want not to have slept
+-- ----  SlashV2V    : V2V -> Ant -> Pol -> VPS -> VPSlash ;   -- force (her) not to have slept
+
+--   CompoundN   : N -> N  -> N ;      -- control system / controls system / control-system
+--   CompoundAP  : N -> A  -> AP ;     -- language independent / language-independent
+
+--   GerundCN    : VP -> CN ;          -- publishing of the document (can get a determiner)
+--   GerundNP    : VP -> NP ;          -- publishing the document (by nature definite)
+--   GerundAdv   : VP -> Adv ;         -- publishing the document (prepositionless adverb)
+
+--   WithoutVP   : VP -> Adv ;         -- without publishing the document
+--   ByVP        : VP -> Adv ;         -- by publishing the document
+--   InOrderToVP : VP -> Adv ;         -- (in order) to publish the document
+
+--   ApposNP : NP -> NP -> NP ;        -- Mr Macron, the president of France,
+
+--   AdAdV       : AdA -> AdV -> AdV ;           -- almost always
+--   UttAdV      : AdV -> Utt ;                  -- always(!)
+--   PositAdVAdj : A -> AdV ;                    -- (that she) positively (sleeps)
+
+--   CompS       : S -> Comp ;                   -- (the fact is) that she sleeps
+--   CompQS      : QS -> Comp ;                  -- (the question is) who sleeps
+--   CompVP      : Ant -> Pol -> VP -> Comp ;    -- (she is) to go
+
+-- -- very language-specific things
+
+-- -- Eng
+--   UncontractedNeg : Pol ;      -- do not, etc, as opposed to don't
+--   UttVPShort : VP -> Utt ;     -- have fun, as opposed to "to have fun"
+--   ComplSlashPartLast : VPSlash -> NP -> VP ; -- set it apart, as opposed to "set apart it"
+
+-- -- Romance
+--   DetNPMasc : Det -> NP ;
+--   DetNPFem  : Det -> NP ;
+
+--   UseComp_estar : Comp -> VP ; -- (Cat, Spa, Por) "está cheio" instead of "é cheio"
+
+--   SubjRelNP : NP -> RS -> NP ; -- Force RS in subjunctive: lo que les *resulte* mejor
+
+--   iFem_Pron      : Pron ; -- I (Fem)
+--   youFem_Pron    : Pron ; -- you (Fem)
+--   weFem_Pron     : Pron ; -- we (Fem)
+--   youPlFem_Pron  : Pron ; -- you plural (Fem)
+--   theyFem_Pron   : Pron ; -- they (Fem)
+--   youPolFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you polite (Fem)
+--   youPolPl_Pron  : Pron ; -- you polite plural (Masc)
+--   youPolPlFem_Pron : Pron ; -- you polite plural (Fem)
+
+-- -- German
+--   UttAccNP : NP -> Utt ; -- him (accusative)
+--   UttDatNP : NP -> Utt ; -- him (dative)
+--   UttAccIP : IP -> Utt ; -- whom (accusative)
+--   UttDatIP : IP -> Utt ; -- whom (dative)
+
+
+}