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<HTML>
<HEAD>
<META NAME="generator" CONTENT="http://txt2tags.sf.net">
<TITLE> Danish Lexical Paradigms</TITLE>
</HEAD><BODY BGCOLOR="white" TEXT="black">
<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1> Danish Lexical Paradigms</H1>
<FONT SIZE="4">
<I>Last update: 2006-06-01 22:30:20 CEST</I><BR>
</FONT></CENTER>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Danish Lexical Paradigms</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Parameters</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Nouns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Parameters</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Nouns</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Compound nouns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Relational nouns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Relational common noun phrases</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Proper names and noun phrases</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Compound nouns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Relational nouns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc6">Relational common noun phrases</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Proper names and noun phrases</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc7">Adjectives</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Adjectives</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc8">Two-place adjectives</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc9">Two-place adjectives</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc9">Adverbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Prepositions</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc10">Adverbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc11">Prepositions</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc12">Verbs</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc12">Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc13">Verbs with a particle</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc14">Deponent verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc15">Two-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc16">Three-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc17">Other complement patterns</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc13">Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc14">Verbs with a particle</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc15">Deponent verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc16">Two-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc17">Three-place verbs</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Other complement patterns</A>
</UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc18">Definitions of the paradigms</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc19">Definitions of the paradigms</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<P>
Author:
Last update: Tue Jun 13 11:42:42 2006
</P>
<P>
Produced by
gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
(c) Aarne Ranta (<A HREF="mailto:aarne@cs.chalmers.se">aarne@cs.chalmers.se</A>) 2002 under GNU GPL.
</P>
<P>
==
</P>
<P>
# -path=.:../scandinavian:../common:../abstract:../../prelude
</P>
<A NAME="toc1"></A>
<H1>Danish Lexical Paradigms</H1>
<P>
Aarne Ranta 2003
</P>
<P>
@@ -85,7 +97,7 @@ words.
CatDan in {
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc1"></A>
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
<H2>Parameters</H2>
<P>
To abstract over gender names, we define the following identifiers.
@@ -125,7 +137,7 @@ Prepositions used in many-argument functions are just strings.
Preposition : Type = Str ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
<A NAME="toc3"></A>
<H2>Nouns</H2>
<P>
Worst case: give all four forms. The gender is computed from the
@@ -168,13 +180,13 @@ indefinite
mk3N : (bil,bilen,biler : Str) -&gt; N ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc3"></A>
<A NAME="toc4"></A>
<H3>Compound nouns</H3>
<P>
All the functions above work quite as well to form compound nouns,
such as <I>fotboll</I>.
</P>
<A NAME="toc4"></A>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<H3>Relational nouns</H3>
<P>
Relational nouns (<I>daughter of x</I>) need a preposition.
@@ -202,7 +214,7 @@ Three-place relational nouns (<I>the connection from x to y</I>) need two prepos
mkN3 : N -&gt; Preposition -&gt; Preposition -&gt; N3 ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
<H3>Relational common noun phrases</H3>
<P>
In some cases, you may want to make a complex <CODE>CN</CODE> into a
@@ -210,7 +222,7 @@ relational noun (e.g. <I>the old town hall of</I>). However, <CODE>N2</CODE> and
<CODE>N3</CODE> are purely lexical categories. But you can use the <CODE>AdvCN</CODE>
and <CODE>PrepNP</CODE> constructions to build phrases like this.
</P>
<A NAME="toc6"></A>
<A NAME="toc7"></A>
<H3>Proper names and noun phrases</H3>
<P>
Proper names, with a regular genitive, are formed as follows
@@ -234,7 +246,7 @@ genitive, you can use the worst-case function.
mkNP : Str -&gt; Str -&gt; Number -&gt; Gender -&gt; NP ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc7"></A>
<A NAME="toc8"></A>
<H2>Adjectives</H2>
<P>
Non-comparison one-place adjectives need three forms:
@@ -257,7 +269,7 @@ In most cases, two forms are enough.
mk2A : (stor,stort : Str) -&gt; A ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc8"></A>
<A NAME="toc9"></A>
<H3>Two-place adjectives</H3>
<P>
Two-place adjectives need a preposition for their second argument.
@@ -304,7 +316,7 @@ long adjective, the following pattern is used:
compoundA : A -&gt; A ; -- -/mer/mest norsk
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc9"></A>
<A NAME="toc10"></A>
<H2>Adverbs</H2>
<P>
Adverbs are not inflected. Most lexical ones have position
@@ -322,7 +334,7 @@ Adverbs modifying adjectives and sentences can also be formed.
mkAdA : Str -&gt; AdA ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc10"></A>
<A NAME="toc11"></A>
<H2>Prepositions</H2>
<P>
A preposition is just a string.
@@ -331,7 +343,7 @@ A preposition is just a string.
mkPreposition : Str -&gt; Preposition ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc11"></A>
<A NAME="toc12"></A>
<H2>Verbs</H2>
<P>
The worst case needs six forms.
@@ -362,7 +374,7 @@ In practice, it is enough to give three forms, as in school books.
irregV : (drikke, drakk, drukket : Str) -&gt; V ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc12"></A>
<A NAME="toc13"></A>
<H3>Verbs with //være// as auxiliary</H3>
<P>
By default, the auxiliary is <I>have</I>. This function changes it to <I>være</I>.
@@ -371,7 +383,7 @@ By default, the auxiliary is <I>have</I>. This function changes it to <I>v
vaereV : V -&gt; V ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc13"></A>
<A NAME="toc14"></A>
<H3>Verbs with a particle</H3>
<P>
The particle, such as in <I>switch on</I>, is given as a string.
@@ -380,7 +392,7 @@ The particle, such as in <I>switch on</I>, is given as a string.
partV : V -&gt; Str -&gt; V ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc14"></A>
<A NAME="toc15"></A>
<H3>Deponent verbs</H3>
<P>
Some words are used in passive forms only, e.g. <I>hoppas</I>, some as
@@ -391,7 +403,7 @@ reflexive e.g. <I>
reflV : V -&gt; V ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc15"></A>
<A NAME="toc16"></A>
<H3>Two-place verbs</H3>
<P>
Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object.
@@ -403,7 +415,7 @@ Two-place verbs need a preposition, except the special case with direct object.
dirV2 : V -&gt; V2 ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc16"></A>
<A NAME="toc17"></A>
<H3>Three-place verbs</H3>
<P>
Three-place (ditransitive) verbs need two prepositions, of which
@@ -415,7 +427,7 @@ the first one or both can be absent.
dirdirV3 : V -&gt; V3 ; -- give,_,_
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc17"></A>
<A NAME="toc18"></A>
<H3>Other complement patterns</H3>
<P>
Verbs and adjectives can take complements such as sentences,
@@ -449,7 +461,7 @@ as an adverb. Likewise <CODE>AS, A2S, AV, A2V</CODE> are just <CODE>A</CODE>.
AS, A2S, AV, A2V : Type ;
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc18"></A>
<A NAME="toc19"></A>
<H2>Definitions of the paradigms</H2>
<P>
The definitions should not bother the user of the API. So they are