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new resource doc on Phrase etc

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aarne
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<TITLE> Clauses, imperatives, and sentential complements</TITLE>
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<P ALIGN="center"><CENTER><H1> Clauses, imperatives, and sentential complements</H1>
<FONT SIZE="4">
<I>Author: </I><BR>
Last update: Fri Jan 13 16:46:53 2006
</FONT></CENTER>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc1">Clauses, imperatives, and sentential complements</A>
<UL>
<LI><A HREF="#toc2">Clauses</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc3">Clauses missing object noun phrases</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc4">Imperatives</A>
<LI><A HREF="#toc5">Embedded sentences</A>
</UL>
</UL>
<P></P>
<HR NOSHADE SIZE=1>
<P></P>
<P>
Last update: Tue Jan 10 21:50:59 2006
</P>
<P>
Produced by
gfdoc - a rudimentary GF document generator.
(c) Aarne Ranta (<A HREF="mailto:aarne@cs.chalmers.se">aarne@cs.chalmers.se</A>) 2002 under GNU GPL.
</P>
<A NAME="toc1"></A>
<H1>Clauses, imperatives, and sentential complements</H1>
<PRE>
abstract Sentence = Cat ** {
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc2"></A>
<H2>Clauses</H2>
<P>
The <CODE>NP VP</CODE> predication rule form a clause whose linearization
gives a table of all tense variants, positive and negative.
Clauses are converted to <CODE>S</CODE> (with fixed tense) in <A HREF="Tensed.html">Tensed</A>.
</P>
<PRE>
fun
PredVP : NP -&gt; VP -&gt; Cl ;
PredSCVP : SC -&gt; VP -&gt; Cl ;
ImpVP : VP -&gt; Imp ;
SlashV2 : NP -&gt; V2 -&gt; Slash ;
SlashVVV2 : NP -&gt; VV -&gt; V2 -&gt; Slash ;
AdvSlash : Slash -&gt; Adv -&gt; Slash ;
SlashPrep : Cl -&gt; Prep -&gt; Slash ;
PredVP : NP -&gt; VP -&gt; Cl ; -- John walks
</PRE>
<P></P>
<P>
Using an embedded sentence as a subject is treated separately.
This can be overgenerating. E.g. <I>whether you go</I> as subject
is only meaningful for some verb phrases.
</P>
<PRE>
PredSCVP : SC -&gt; VP -&gt; Cl ; -- that you go makes me happy
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc3"></A>
<H2>Clauses missing object noun phrases</H2>
<P>
This category is a variant of the 'slash category' <CODE>S/NP</CODE> of
GPSG and categorial grammars, which in turn replaces
movement transformations in the formation of questions
and relative clauses. Except <CODE>SlashV2</CODE>, the construction
rules can be seen as special cases of function composition, in
the style of CCG.
<B>Note</B> the set is not complete and lacks e.g. verbs with more than 2 places.
</P>
<PRE>
SlashV2 : NP -&gt; V2 -&gt; Slash ; -- (whom) he sees
SlashVVV2 : NP -&gt; VV -&gt; V2 -&gt; Slash; -- (whom) he wants to see
AdvSlash : Slash -&gt; Adv -&gt; Slash ; -- (whom) he sees tomorrow
SlashPrep : Cl -&gt; Prep -&gt; Slash ; -- (with whom) he walks
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc4"></A>
<H2>Imperatives</H2>
<P>
An imperative is straightforwardly formed from a verb phrase.
It has variation over positive and negative, singular and plural.
To fix these parameters, see <A HREF="Phrase.html">Phrase</A>.
</P>
<PRE>
ImpVP : VP -&gt; Imp ; -- go
</PRE>
<P></P>
<A NAME="toc5"></A>
<H2>Embedded sentences</H2>
<P>
Sentences, questions, and infinitival phrases can be used as
subjects and (adverbial) complements.
</P>
<PRE>
EmbedS : S -&gt; SC ; -- that you go
EmbedQS : QS -&gt; SC ; -- whether you go
EmbedVP : VP -&gt; SC ; -- to go
}
</PRE>
<P></P>
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